Forms of interdepartmental interaction in the prevention of drug addiction and drug addiction. Effective forms and methods of organizing interdepartmental interaction in working with minors in a socially dangerous situation Interdepartmental barriers in re

The State Real Estate Registration Service, working to improve the quality of public services in its field, operates in a multi-vector manner. An electronic portal through which you can get some information, consultation with a specialist by calling a hotline, an electronic queue, opening registration windows in multifunctional centers...

One of the most difficult areas of the department’s activities is interdepartmental interaction with other civil service bodies.

Interdepartmental interaction is the exchange of documents and information, including in electronic form, between authorities, bodies of state extra-budgetary funds in order to provide citizens and organizations with state and municipal services.

Why is this being done? The main motive voiced: to significantly reduce the list of documents and all kinds of certificates required when registering a particular real estate transaction. And indeed, today we no longer have to attach some pieces of paper - specialists of the registration authority will independently request the document they need from the related department.

The open exchange of information between Rosreestr and the cadastral chamber is especially important. At the moment, this process has not been perfected. The difficulty lies in the unharmonized and divergent (for various reasons) data on some real estate objects in the Unified State Register and the State Property Committee. In the language of professionals, reconciliation of such contradictory information is called harmonization. It is the harmonization of data that will eliminate numerous errors that arise in connection with the registration of real estate, transactions with it, payment of taxes, etc.

You can currently learn about the features of interdepartmental interaction by looking at any existing branch of the cadastral authority, for example, at the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FKP Rosreestr" in the Bryansk region.

Regulatory legal regulation of relations arising in connection with the provision of state and municipal services is carried out in accordance with Federal Law dated July 27, 2010 No. 210-FZ “On the organization of the provision of state and municipal services”, Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 28, 2011. No. 1184 “On measures to ensure the transition of federal executive authorities and bodies of state extra-budgetary funds to interdepartmental information interaction in electronic form.”

From July 1, 2012, the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FKP Rosreestr" in the Bryansk region switched to interdepartmental information interaction in the provision of public services with the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, organizations subordinate to these authorities.

Currently, this transition makes it possible to provide citizens with state and municipal services without requiring them to provide the information and documents that are available to other authorities and government organizations that take part in interdepartmental information interaction.

When applying for services to the cadastral authority, the applicant has the right not to provide a number of documents necessary for the state cadastral registration of real estate, for example:

• a document confirming that the land plot belongs to a certain category of land - a decision to classify the land plot as land of a certain category;
• a document confirming the established permitted use of the land plot - a decision to establish the type of permitted use of the land plot;
• permission to put a capital construction project into operation;
• other documents named in the Federal Law of July 24, 2007 No. 221-FZ “On the State Real Estate Cadastre”.

The above documents will be requested by specialists without the participation of applicants as part of interdepartmental interaction.

But it is necessary to note an important point for understanding the mechanism: the cadastral authority requests approved materials, and does not order their registration in authorized bodies. And you can only request what is already there. If a document (for example, assigning a land plot to a certain category of land) has not been previously issued by a local government body, the citizen will have to apply to the local government body to obtain such a document. In other words, within the framework of interdepartmental interaction, only those documents are provided that are available to the authorities and government organizations participating in the interaction.

A specialist of the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FKP Rosreestr" in the Bryansk region notes that the branch, as part of interdepartmental cooperation, provides government bodies and state extra-budgetary funds with information contained in the state real estate cadastre free of charge, in the form of the following documents:

• copies of the document on the basis of which information about the property was entered into the state real estate cadastre;
• cadastral extract about the property;
• cadastral passport of the property;
• cadastral plan of the territory;
• cadastral certificate about the cadastral value of the land plot.

The main consumers of this service are the Federal Tax Service, the Federal Property Management Agency, Rosprirodnadzor, Rosselkhoznadzor, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Bailiff Service, as well as local government bodies of the Bryansk region (the procedure for providing the above information is approved by Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation dated February 27, 2010 No. 75 “On establishing the order providing information entered into the state real estate cadastre").

It should be noted that sending interdepartmental requests is allowed only for purposes related to the provision of public services, and officials who sent unreasonable interdepartmental requests are liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Article 7.1 of Federal Law No. 210-FZ).

The main task facing the cadastral chamber is to improve the quality and accessibility of Rosreestr government services, including the provision of services electronically. To achieve these goals in full, state authorities and local governments need to ensure the effective use of information and telecommunication technologies.

In this regard, cadastral authority specialists strongly recommend that bodies and organizations participating in interdepartmental interaction submit requests to the cadastral registration authority electronically through the Rosreestr service portal (

To fulfill the main task of electronic interaction between government bodies and the population - improving the quality and reducing the time it takes to provide public services - a transition to a qualitatively new level of interdepartmental interaction was required. For this purpose, a system of electronic interdepartmental interaction (SMEI) was created. The key legal act for modernizing the system of providing public services is the Federal Law “On the organization of the provision of state and municipal services” dated July 27, 2010 210-FZ, which prohibits civil servants from demanding from recipients of state and municipal services documents that are already in their possession authorities. Such a measure could only become possible thanks to the creation of SMEV. An exception to this list are documents of personal storage.

The regulatory legal framework was prepared quite quickly: already in 2011 there was a provision on SMEV, technical requirements for the interaction of information systems within the framework of SMEV (they mean that all departments will use a single interaction format), regulations for the interaction of SMEV participants and the system operator. SMEV turned out to be fixed in the legal field as a system on the basis of which it is necessary to implement interdepartmental electronic interaction in the provision of public services.

What is SMEV? The definition of this term is presented in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 697 “On a unified system of interdepartmental electronic interaction” and it sounds like this, the system of interdepartmental electronic interaction is a federal state information system that includes information databases, including those containing information about the bodies and organizations used software and hardware that provide the ability to access their information systems through the interaction system, information about the history of movement in the system of interaction of electronic messages in the provision of state and municipal services, the performance of state and municipal functions in electronic form, as well as software and hardware that ensure interaction information systems of bodies and organizations used in the provision of state and municipal services in electronic form and the performance of state and municipal functions.

Simply put, SMEV is an information system that ensures guaranteed delivery of interdepartmental requests to the supplier’s information system and responses to interdepartmental requests to the consumer’s information system.

In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 697, we will determine the main tasks and functions of SMEV (Fig. 1).

It should be noted that when implementing the tasks of interdepartmental document flow within the framework of providing public services, one way or another it is necessary to solve the problems of interaction with various information resources. Solving this problem requires implementing interaction functions, resource discovery, maintaining a list of available resources, developing interaction standards, etc., which will ultimately lead to either the creation
a separate subsystem of interdepartmental interaction, or to the interaction of systems on the “point-to-point” principle. The latter option leads to an uncontrolled increase in costs for the implementation of new regulations for the provision of public services and a huge redundancy of implemented functions.

Rice. 1. Functions and tasks of SMEV

A system that would allow departments to exchange legally significant data electronically, in a single format, should form the basis of e-government. It was not a person who had to run between officials, but megabytes of information.

Before the creation of SMEV, there were certain problems of interdepartmental interaction. Just a few years ago, a unified system of interdepartmental electronic interaction could not even be imagined. The exchange of data between government agencies was unsystematic and chaotic. Each department worked according to its own rules and used its own requirements for technology and level of data protection.

The history of information exchange was not stored - if necessary, it was almost impossible to find out who, when and to whom transferred the data. Some departments did not even get around to creating their own information systems and it was impossible to obtain data from them in electronic form. Of course, there was no unified control and monitoring system, or a centralized system for guaranteed message delivery. The role of the system of interdepartmental interaction was played by the citizen - it was he who knocked on the thresholds of departments, collecting the certificates he needed, in order to ultimately take them to the government agency from which he wanted to receive a public service.

We are talking about creating an information resource common to several government services or departments whose areas of interest overlap. Let's say, a resource containing information about the civil status of individuals: usually a citizen can submit information about marriage, divorce, the birth of a child or the death of loved ones to several government bodies for a certain limited period, and then in a variety of situations, submit the same information again each time data in different forms (for buying and selling real estate, receiving an inheritance, applying for subsidies or tax breaks, etc.). When the SMEV functions, once the specified data is entered into the archives of all the necessary authorities automatically, and when a citizen re-applies to any of the government bodies, he is freed from the need to re-report the same data.

These factors led to the aforementioned bureaucratic red tape and confusion. The applicant was required to provide a lot of documents and certificates, many of them several times. As a result, citizens spent a lot of time (and many - money) copying the same papers.

The main problems of interdepartmental cooperation include:

The chaotic nature of the exchange of information, which is organized by each department according to its own rules;

Lack of storage of history of service provision and information exchange;

Excessive costs for protecting “all-to-all” communication channels;

Lack of a unified system for monitoring the performance and availability of information systems.

In 2011, all federal bodies that need to exchange information to provide government services electronically joined SMEV.

The system provides regulated, guaranteed transmission of messages between information systems of government agencies and organizations providing public services connected to it, as well as between components of the e-government infrastructure.

In the process of information interaction between the supplier’s information system and the consumer’s information system, SMEV records in electronic form information about the facts of sending, receiving and the content of interdepartmental requests and interdepartmental responses between suppliers and consumers.

The reliability of the information provided is ensured by each of the information providers within its area of ​​responsibility. At the same time, the e-government infrastructure must ensure the reception of requests, error-free routing and undistorted transmission of information between consumers and participants.

The information listed above is stored in SMEV for 3 years from the date of its recording. After the specified period, the information is deleted.

In Fig. Figure 2 shows the technological process of organizing information exchange through SMEV as part of the process of ordering services and interdepartmental electronic interaction using electronic signatures.

Rice. 2. Technological diagram of the functioning of SMEV

SMEV is based on the technology of electronic services - software that provides request and receipt of structured information and electronic documents from the information systems of participants. This technology makes it possible to combine practically any information systems into a single “communication” network, regardless of the time of their creation, their software platform and the structure of information databases.

The direction of information flows within the framework of interdepartmental interaction is presented in Fig. 3.

As can be seen in Fig. 3 the consumer and recipient of data are absolutely all federal, regional or municipal authorities.

Consumer access to SMEV electronic services is provided:

Using participant authentication mechanisms, including using an electronic digital signature;

Through the exchange of information consumers and SMEV, information providers and SMEV with electronic messages of the established format and structure.

SMEV is a completely secure environment - it ensures the security of transmitted information from the connection point of the sender of the message to the connection point of its recipient. The system is based on a data transmission network protected by cryptographic means.

In connection with the transition of interaction between citizens and government agencies and government agencies among themselves from paper to electronic, the issue of developing an electronic signature mechanism has become extremely relevant. Documents transmitted through SMEV must have the same legal significance as paper documents signed with a handwritten signature. In addition, it was necessary to ensure that citizens could use an electronic signature when submitting applications for the provision of government services via the Internet.

The legislation on electronic digital signatures that existed at that time was imperfect and did not take into account the possibility of using an electronic signature in the provision of government services. In 2011, the regulatory framework governing the use of electronic signatures was radically changed - electronic signatures became an effective e-government mechanism.

On April 6, 2011, Federal Law No. 63-Z of April 6, 2011 “On Electronic Signature” came into force. The law regulates relations in the field of using electronic signatures when making civil transactions, providing state and municipal services, performing state and municipal functions, as well as when performing other legally significant actions. In accordance with 63-FZ, an electronic signature is information in electronic form that is attached to other information in electronic form (signed information) or is otherwise associated with such information and which is used to identify the person signing the information.

The principles on the basis of which the SMEV should be created are:

Ensuring the technological possibility of information interaction between existing and newly created state information systems, municipal information systems and other information systems designed to fulfill government tasks;

Ensuring the technological independence of the SMEV structure and its operating regulations from ongoing technical, administrative, organizational and other changes in information systems connected to the SMEV;

Application of uniform technologies, formats, protocols for interdepartmental information interaction, unified software and hardware; lawful use of software, use of certified software, hardware and communication means;

Ensuring the protection of information by taking organizational and technical measures aimed at ensuring the protection of information from unauthorized access, destruction, modification, blocking, copying, provision, distribution, as well as from other unlawful actions in relation to such information;

Minimizing financial and time costs when transmitting and receiving information;

Single input and repeated use of information in information systems connected to SMEV;

Ensuring operation in real time; respect for citizens' rights during automated processing of information containing personal data.

SMEV should provide for the possibility of monitoring interdepartmental information interaction on the part of authorized government bodies.

From July 1, 2012, the interdepartmental regime extended to the regional and municipal levels. It is at the regional level that the most massive services are provided, the number of applicants for some of which has exceeded 5 million people. These are services such as child care benefits, subsidies for housing and communal services, benefits for public transport and others.

Such a large-scale project to synchronize the work of departments required the Russian Ministry of Economic Development to develop and implement methods that make it possible to describe and standardize the interaction in the exchange of information between government authorities.

Notable indicators have been achieved in the area of ​​interdepartmental cooperation:

367 federal government services have been transferred to interdepartmental interaction;

Departments must receive 766 documents independently, through interdepartmental channels, without requiring them from applicants;

264 documents were considered redundant, and departments refused to use them.

It is important to note that since Federal Law No. 210-FZ came into force, about 11 million interdepartmental requests have already been sent - so many times citizens did not have to waste time queuing for certificates at government agencies.

Thus, interdepartmental interaction is considered the main way to obtain a significant part of the documents necessary for the provision of public services. Accordingly, special requirements are imposed on the procedure for interdepartmental interaction. In particular, sending an interdepartmental request
and the submission of documents and information is permitted only for purposes related to the provision of state or municipal services and (or) the maintenance of basic state information resources for the purpose of providing state or municipal services.

But the creation of SMEV not only increases work efficiency. The described interdepartmental approach makes it possible to prevent a common type of fraud, when a person receives the same benefit several times by applying for it to different authorities. At the same time, different government agencies increasingly need shared access to information about the same organizations and individuals, or access to data on the same issue. For example, medical institutions can quickly provide information to local authorities (social welfare departments), which will help better meet the needs of the population. In situations where there is a risk to the safety of citizens, information may be provided to the police and other law enforcement agencies. At the same time, the use of SMEV in such transactions, in addition to saving money, prevents unauthorized access to personal data by individual citizens, organizations, businesses, etc.

The system of interdepartmental electronic interaction is also necessary for information interaction between executive authorities by increasing reliability, speed and security, to ensure regulated access of citizens and representatives of organizations to state, municipal and other information systems, as well as automation of data exchange between individual state, municipal and other information systems.

The regional stage of development of SMEV will be even more significant for citizens, since it is at the regional and municipal levels that the documents and information necessary for the most common services are stored.

At the conceptual level, SMEV, acting as an integration bus and/or integration broker, does not reject the concept of automating business processes (for government agencies working primarily with documents - creating document management systems), but is complementary to it. The electronic document management system implements the end-to-end process of providing public services; the interdepartmental electronic interaction system ensures the participation of previously unrelated resources in this process, providing a transport and logical environment for the exchange of standardized messages between the document management system (business process execution system) and external information resources. At the same time, by choosing a messaging system based on open standards as a transport, both newly created information systems and existing ones created on various software and hardware platforms can be connected to SMEV.

When providing services electronically, technological support for information exchange between federal government bodies (FEB), regional executive bodies (ROIV) and local government bodies (LSG) is of particular importance, which is successfully carried out by the system of interdepartmental electronic interaction.

The starting points in the legal transition to interdepartmental electronic interaction were the adoption of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 No. 210-FZ “On the organization of the provision of state and municipal services” and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 8, 2010 No. 697 “On a unified system of interdepartmental electronic interaction".

Relevant resolutions were adopted at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Thus, in the Republic of Mordovia, Decree of the Government of the Republic of Moldova dated June 6, 2011 No. 337-r was approved, which refers to the implementation of an action plan for the transition to interdepartmental and interlevel interaction in the provision of public services.

Based on the standard plan developed by the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Mordovia, corresponding plans for the transition to interdepartmental and interlevel interaction in the provision of municipal services have been developed in municipal areas, in which lists of priority municipal services have been formed, in respect of which it is planned to carry out work on organizing interdepartmental interaction, technological maps of interdepartmental interaction (for each state, lists and composition of information (documents) at the disposal of state executive authorities of the Republic of Mordovia necessary for the provision of public services have been determined, methods of interdepartmental and inter-level interaction have also been determined, necessary changes to the relevant regulatory legal acts etc. .

By order of the Government of the Republic of Moldova dated June 27, 2011 No. 384-r, the executive body of state power of the Republic of Mordovia was determined to be responsible for organizing the “interdisciplinary department” - the Ministry of Information and Communications of the Republic of Mordovia.

The list of public services with elements of interdepartmental and inter-level interaction provided by the Office of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, the executive bodies of state power of the Republic of Mordovia, was determined by order of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia dated August 8, 2011 No. 507-r.

Analysis of the list of services with elements of interdepartmental and inter-level interaction showed that there are 101 services in total. These services are provided by 18 departments responsible for providing services. Data on the responsible departments and the number of services they provide are given in table. 2.

table 2

Data on responsible departments and services

Responsible agency of the Republic of Mordovia for the provision of services with elements of interdepartmental and cross-level interaction	Quantity services, pcs.
Ministry of Housing and Communal Services and Civil Protection of the Population of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Forestry, Hunting and Environmental Management of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Education of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Sports, Physical Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Construction and Architecture of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Trade and Entrepreneurship of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Mordovia
Ministry of Energy and Tariff Policy of the Republic of Mordovia
State Committee of Property and Land Relations of the Republic of Mordovia
State Committee of the Republic of Mordovia for Youth Affairs
State Committee of the Republic of Mordovia for Transport
Republican Veterinary Service of the Republic of Mordovia
Republican Civil Registry Service of the Republic of Mordovia
State Inspectorate of the Republic of Mordovia for supervision of the technical condition of self-propelled vehicles and other types of equipment
Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Mordovia

As can be seen from table. 2, the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Mordovia has the largest number of services with elements of interdepartmental and interlevel interaction (29), followed by the Ministry of Forestry, Hunting and Environmental Management of the Republic of Mordovia in second place (19). One service each from the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services and Civil Protection of the Population of the Republic of Mordovia, the Republican Veterinary Service of the Republic of Mordovia, the Ministry of Energy and Tariff Policy of the Republic of Mordovia, the Republican Civil Registration Service of the Republic of Mordovia.

This list serves as the basis for organizing work on designing interdepartmental interaction, drawing up technological maps of interdepartmental interaction (TCIM), which contains a description of the procedure for providing state (municipal) services, information on the composition of documents necessary for providing state (municipal) services, information about suppliers and data consumers, forms and content of interdepartmental interaction within the framework of providing state (municipal) services.

As of December 31, 2013, TCMVs were approved for 100 public services and 42 for municipal services (39 standard and 2 unique). Inventory and amendments to the TCMV are carried out constantly as changes are made to the legislation regulating the provision of relevant state and municipal services, as well as as changes are made to the composition of requests posted in the information system “Register of Information” (http://reestr.210fz.ru /).

By order of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia dated December 20, 2011 No. 807-R, in order to eliminate obstacles to the transition to interdepartmental interaction, a plan for introducing amendments to regulatory legal acts was approved, which includes 50 regulatory legal acts (changes were made to all planned legal acts).

In the Republic of Mordovia, on the basis of Order of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia dated March 14, 2011 No. 135-r, the responsibility for creating and ensuring the functioning of the infrastructure of a regional information system for interdepartmental electronic interaction is assigned to the authorized organization - the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova "Gosinform".

The founder of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Gosinform” is the Ministry of Information and Communications of the Republic of Mordovia. The goal of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Mordovia “Gosinform” is to promote the implementation of state policy in the field of informatization of the Republic of Mordovia, pursued by the Government of the Republic of Mordovia.

The main activities of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova "Gosinform":

Assistance to government bodies in performing the functions of an expert in approving technical requirements and technical specifications during the implementation of the activities of the Republican target program “Formation of the information society in the Republic of Mordovia in the period until 2015” and other state programs and projects for the creation of state information systems and information resources in accordance with the goals of socio-economic development of the Republic of Mordovia;

Carrying out the functions of the operator of the electronic government of the Republic of Mordovia in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia No. 218 of May 24, 2010.

Employees of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova "Gosinform", together with the Ministry of Information and Communications of the Republic of Moldova and the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Moldova, carried out work to create a regional SMEV (RSMEV) and connect it to the federal SMEV. 20 executive bodies of state power of the Republic of Mordovia, 23 local governments, 18 operating MFCs are connected and provided with access passwords. In order to protect personal data, secure communication channels have been organized between the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Gosinform” and participants in interdepartmental interaction.

The working group of the sector for organizing interdepartmental electronic interaction of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Gosinform” carried out an analysis of state and municipal services of the Republic of Mordovia, where it was revealed that out of 349 state and municipal services provided by the executive bodies of state power of the Republic of Mordovia and local governments in the Republic of Mordovia, 128 services have elements of interdepartmental and interlevel interaction (including 87 public services and 41 municipal, of which 39 are standard).

The main indicators characterizing the system of interdepartmental electronic interaction are shown in Fig. 4.

During the analysis of TCMV, 184 electronic services were identified in 128 services. Data on the developed services are given in table. 3.

Developed and tested electronic services in the amount of 7 pieces, they are part of 13 socially significant state and municipal services. Thus, 47 electronic services are in varying degrees of readiness.

Rice. 4. Main indicators characterizing SMEV of the Republic of Mordovia

These electronic services have been sent to the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation for registration in the SMEV test environment, and at the moment, 1 of the developed and tested electronic services is registered in the SMEV test environment.

According to statistics provided by OJSC Rostelecom, the number of requests through SMEV channels in the Republic of Mordovia in 2013 amounted to more than 6 million (the number of requests sent in 2012 was 420,982). This suggests that SMEV in the Republic of Mordovia is developing rapidly.

The information system providing interdepartmental interaction in the Republic of Mordovia is the information system “System for the execution of services and interdepartmental interaction”
(IS SIUMVV). It provides the following functions (Fig. 5).

Table 3

Data on electronic services in the Republic of Mordovia

Rice. 5. Main functions of IS SIUMVV

The developer of the SIUMVV IS is CJSC KSK Technologies (Moscow), it is a leader in the implementation of portal projects in Russia, actively participates in the creation of Electronic Government, is the main developer of regional portals and registers of state and municipal services, and the KSK SIUMVV platform (Service Execution and Interdepartmental Cooperation System) is currently the leading system in its class.

Employees of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova "Gosinform" in 2012-2013. work was carried out to draw up a schedule for functional testing of p-information in the test and production circuit of RSMEV together with the federal executive authorities, information from the permit for commissioning of a real estate property. Work was carried out on functional testing of electronic services, according to the schedule for functional testing of p-information in the test and production circuit of SMEV, registered in the test circuit of SMEV with federal executive authorities.

It should be noted that in testing electronic services, the republic was among the leaders at all stages of this work. Testing of the so-called F-information, according to which the supplier of the requested information is the federal executive body (or its territorial body in the republic), and the consumer is the republican government body or local government, was completed back in April 2013. And from that moment on, the absolute majority Such requests were carried out electronically without direct interpersonal interaction between a person and a specific official. In testing electronic services, where the information provider is the republic and the consumer is the federal government, Mordovia was among 13 pilot regions and completed testing in 3rd place among 83 constituent entities of the Russian Federation (in terms of timing). This allows interdepartmental interaction to be carried out entirely electronically as part of the development of the information society in the Republic of Mordovia.

Work was also carried out to finalize 56 electronic services necessary to provide information to the Federal executive authorities of the Republic of Mordovia in accordance with the order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1123-r dated June 28, 2012, to an updated version of the Methodological recommendations for the development of electronic services and the use of electronic signature technology in interdepartmental electronic interaction (version 2.5.6) of electronic services in RSMEV.

The main problems in the development of electronic services that employees of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Gosinform” encounter when implementing projects related to the transfer of state and municipal services into electronic form and the organization of interdepartmental electronic interaction are presented in Table. 4.

Table 4

Identified problems and solutions in SMEV

Problem
Lack of published documentation for electronic services developed by federal executive authorities and its irrelevance (user manuals, test cases for electronic services), posted on the SMEV technology portal and in the information system “Register of Information” (reestr.210fz.ru) (Example: Federal Treasury, Information on state duty, SID0003194; Federal Penitentiary Service, Request for information about the presence of a citizen in prison, SID0003444)	Develop electronic services for federal authorities and relevant up-to-date documentation for them
Long-term registration of electronic services, both in the test and productive circuits of SMEV; the regulations for gaining access to services by the operator of the SMEV by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia are violated in terms of the requirements for sending additional applications directly to the Federal departments (in accordance with the “Regulations for the interaction of Participants in information interaction (version 2.0)” registration of an electronic service in the SMEV test mode is carried out within 5 working days, registration in productive mode, SMEV is carried out within 9 working days. At the same time, electronic services are not checked comprehensively, but until the first error found, which forces you to start the electronic service registration procedure again)	Bring the regulations for obtaining access to electronic services into compliance with the requirements of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation
In the formats of electronic services approved by federal executive authorities, an incomplete composition of the details of request parameters is indicated	Determine the body (organization) that will collect information and formulate a consolidated response
Limited financial resources, including local budgets, which can be used to finance the activities of these projects	Additional funding is needed
The high cost of services of the single e-government operator OJSC Rostelecom in terms of providing the executive bodies of state power of the Republic of Mordovia and local governments with access to the RSMEV segment located at the federal level	Cost reduction

Employees of the State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Gosinform” conducted a study of public opinion on awareness of the system of interdepartmental interaction and its work. During the study in the Republic of Mordovia, it was revealed that the awareness of local respondents was 52% (Table 5).

Table 5

Awareness of applicants about the system of interdepartmental interaction, in% of respondents

On July 1, 2012, the norms of 210-FZ came into force, prohibiting government bodies, when accepting documents for receiving state (municipal) services, from requiring from applicants documents available in other government bodies and received within the framework of the system of interdepartmental interaction. At the time of the survey, 52% of applicants were aware of the existence of such rules (Table 6).

Table 6

Compliance with the requirements of interdepartmental interaction,
as a percentage of respondents aware of the ban

Among those surveyed, 81% said that the authorities they contacted for services complied with these standards without requiring unnecessary documents. Thus, over the past year, applicants’ awareness of the system of interdepartmental interaction has increased (primarily due to those who “heard something”). The rate of use of this system by authorities has also increased.

The use of SMEV as the only means of providing information resources for the business process execution system allows us to ensure the independence of the information resources of public authorities and the business process execution system. The process of creating a system of interdepartmental interaction had an impact not only on the technological side of the provision of services, but also made it possible to significantly optimize internal procedures, develop new competencies among department employees participating in the work, and eliminate contradictions in the requirements of authorities when providing services.

We bring to your attention magazines published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural Sciences"

Introduction

Chapter 1. Interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere: concept, management practice 16-77

1.1. The concept of “interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere” 16 - 49

1.2. Interdepartmental barriers in solving problems of orphanhood in the territory 50-77

Chapter 2. Organization of interdepartmental interaction of social institutions in the territory 78-138

2.1. Principles and mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction of institutions in the social sphere 78-113

2.2. Overcoming interdepartmental barriers in solving the problems of street children and social orphans 114-138

Conclusion 139- 140

Literature 141 - 159

Applications 160 - 173

Introduction to the work

Relevance of the dissertation research.

Child neglect and social orphanhood are indicators of the crisis state of modern Russian society. According to official government data, the number of street children in Russia at the beginning of 2004 is about one million. Many researchers believe that the real number of homeless people is several times higher. Official statistics are unable to reflect the actual picture of the phenomenon being studied, since they only take into account children registered in specialized institutions.

To date, not a single structure of the system for preventing the neglect of minors has accurate information O families and children in socially dangerous situations. Available data vary significantly across departments. Thus, as of January 1, 2003, 7,797 families were registered with the commissions for minors’ affairs and protection of their rights in the Kemerovo region, which did not provide adequate conditions for the upbringing, maintenance and education of 9,949 children. According to information from the education departments of the Regional Administration, the number of such families is 8890, children - 14972, social protection of the population, respectively, 9419 and 18525 people 1.

According to the Administration of Kemerovo, in 2002, 2,893 orphans and children left without parental care were raised and educated in the city. 1,665 minors are under guardianship, 103 children have been adopted. As of January 1, 2003, graduates of boarding schools

1 Submission from the Kemerovo Region Prosecutor's Office dated April 16, 2003. No. 21-3-03 “On eliminating violations of the requirements of the law on the responsibility of parents for raising children in the activities of commissions for minors and the protection of their rights, educational authorities.”

of the number of orphans under the age of 23 - 308 people 2.

As a result of the instability of socio-economic and political life, children increasingly find themselves in difficult life situations from which they cannot find a way out on their own. Objectively, the need for state and public protection of minors is maturing. Solving childhood problems depends on the efforts of the family and on the activities of social institutions involved in the process of socialization of children.

The scale of the factors stimulating neglect and social orphanhood shows that only government services can resist the destruction of the family’s material wealth, mass unemployment, poverty, and crime. This is the only institution capable of integrating the efforts of all management subjects in the social field.

Institutions of various departments of the social sphere are called upon to represent and defend the cultural, educational, medical, spiritual and other interests of children. “The social sphere is ideally designed to ensure a sufficient level of well-being, from the point of view of the progress of social development, and the availability of basic life goods for the majority of the population” 3 .

Each department, within its competence, is responsible for solving certain problems of minors and for creating conditions for the implementation of their interests at various stages of the orphan’s life.

The positioning of the interests of orphans by social institutions often does not correspond to the focus and range of children’s needs.

Insufficient coordination of efforts is manifested in the course of work to identify a child in disadvantaged conditions. Belatedly, facts of parents’ malicious evasion from fulfilling their responsibilities towards their children become known. A decision is not made immediately

2 There should not be other people’s children (from experience in preventing neglect and
juvenile delinquency in Kemerovo). Kemerovo, 2003. - Issue. 3. - Sat.

3 Osadchaya G.I. Sociology of the social sphere: Textbook. allowance - M: Publishing house MGSU "Soyuz",
1999.-S. 28.

initiation of proceedings for deprivation of parental rights. According to child psychologists, the main character traits are formed in a child before the age of six or seven. As a result, social orphans fall under the care of the state somatically, pedagogically and intellectually neglected, with severe mental trauma, having behind them negative experience of life in the family.

Today, interdepartmental interaction, supported by the legislative and material base, is relevant. It is necessary to provide social support to graduates of boarding schools. When leaving the walls of a boarding school or orphanage, graduates often find themselves thrown into life without the social experience necessary for an independent life. Without the support of relatives and friends, without a good education, they, as a rule, cannot get a job. Due to a lack of funds in local budgets, they are not given housing; social benefits are only declared.

Since the mid-90s, a network of institutions and organizations for social protection of the population has become widespread, providing various types of assistance and support to children in difficult life situations. Currently, there are more than 130 institutions operating in the Kemerovo region. Territorial specialized institutions provide such children with the opportunity for temporary residence, carry out social rehabilitation of minors, and provide legal, medical, psychological, economic, and pedagogical assistance.

The current situation determines the scale and direction of work of these institutions, forces them to constantly increase the volume of social assistance provided, and find new, more effective operating technologies. Along with traditional forms of work with social orphans, the activities of shelters for minors, centers for social assistance to families and children, social rehabilitation centers, etc. are being actively introduced (See Appendix 1). These structures provide social

support to those in need, being in close proximity to the family, child. Social protection institutions are also in contact with government authorities, on whom the solution to the client’s problems depends. Such a system allows you to assess the real life situation and find specific ways out at the managerial level. Increasing the number and diversity of social protection institutions is intended to ensure a variety of social services and their accessibility to the population. This testifies in favor of the widespread creation of social protection institutions, whose specialists are intermediaries and contacts with all structures of the social sphere. Social protection of the population was created as an independent system of institutions. In this sense, intradepartmental interaction is primary, and interdepartmental interaction is secondary. The logic of the functioning of social protection institutions transforms the secondary nature of interdepartmental interaction into primary importance.

Solving the problems of neglect and orphanhood of children is made difficult by the disunity of actions of social institutions in the territory. Existing technologies for working with minors regulate the actions of departments when providing social assistance to a child who finds himself in a socially dangerous situation: law enforcement agencies - when a teenager commits a crime, hooliganism, or if the child is found to be a vagrant; social protection - when working with a dysfunctional family and if it is necessary to temporarily place a child for the purpose of social rehabilitation; education - when placing him in children's boarding institutions, etc. The fate of the child is passed on “from hand to hand”, passing through the stages of technology. If the department has completed its task, then the child is removed from the register and either transferred to another structure (without further control over him), or released from sight altogether, and no work is carried out with him. Each department uses its own criteria, reporting indicators, and contributions when working.

gives its meaning to concepts. All services do not have a single operational field and a single mission. There is no reliance in the work on information from other structures to the required extent. Irrational duplication of functions makes work difficult.

So, the development of the social service system is contradictory, sometimes not consistent with the surrounding social reality. The existing network of social institutions for minors does not correspond to the severity and scale of disintegration of children, and the system of social policy measures is inadequate to the needs of the modern family.

Specialized institutions are not able to solve the problems of street children and social orphans at a socially acceptable level due to weak interdepartmental interaction between various social structures in the territory. The network of government institutions working with children is represented by various departments: education, health care, social protection, law enforcement agencies, housing and communal services, and culture. The issues of neglect and social orphanhood are dealt with by state authorities and local governments. Public organizations and foundations are also focused on protecting children. At the same time, none of the departments performs a coordinating function. Consequently, these structures cannot be considered as a single complex on the territory.

So, the relevance of the dissertation research is determined by the needs of social practice, the severity of problems associated with children's restlessness, homelessness, orphanhood and the threatening increase in the facts of deviant behavior of children and adolescents. Another challenge of social practice is the prevention of violence against children, as well as the need for social rehabilitation in cases of crippled childhood. The relevance of the research topic to social practice is also confirmed by the fact that social protection institutions that directly work with the population and

The territorial and managerial aspect of interaction between social sector institutions is becoming relevant today, since society has the opportunity to unite the efforts of state, municipal authorities and institutions, non-profit “3rd sector” organizations to implement practical measures to mitigate the severity of the problems of orphanhood, especially in relation to social orphans, disadvantaged with living parents and by the parents themselves. The development of recommendations and mechanisms for interaction between social sector institutions makes it possible to more fully use the reserves of this area and save resources, to achieve overcoming interdepartmental barriers in the interests of the well-being of children and the entire population.

The stated topic of the dissertation research is scientifically relevant, since in the sociology of management today there are few works that reveal the problems of interdepartmental interaction of institutions in the social sphere.

Development of the topic in scientific literature.

The concept of “interaction” is used by researchers to explain a wide range of phenomena of social reality. Significant contributions to the study of this topic were made by such foreign scientists as M. Weber, T. Parsons, G. Simmel, E. Giddens and others. In Russian sociology, general problems of interaction were considered by B.N. Chicherin, M.M. Kovalevsky, P.A. Sorokin, K.M. Takhtarev and others. Among modern scientists we can name V.V. Zheltova, O.S. Razumovsky, E.V. Rudensky, M.V. Udaltsov, V.P. Fofanova, L.L. Shpak et al.

The scientific literature discusses such forms of interaction as socio-political (L.L. Shpak, V.V. Zheltov, etc.), informational (V.Z. Kogan, V.N. Shubkin, etc.), socio-economic (T.I. Zaslav-

yokaya, F.M. Borodkin and others), intergroup (B.S. Ageev and others), social partnership (I.M. Model, B.S. Model, G.Yu. Semigin, A.I. Sukharev and others).

General issues of social management are reflected in the publications of Yu.P. Averina, V.G. Afanasyeva, A.I. Prigogina, A.M. Omarova, T.M. Dridze, N.S. Danakina, E.V. Okhotsky, B.C. Komarovsky, N.M. Slepenkova, V.I. Dobrenkova and others.

Social policy in general and as a variety of regional policy is covered in the works of SV. Biryukova, N.D. Vavilina, L.G. Guslyakova, V.V. Zheltova, L.L. Shpak, F.E. Burdzhalova, G.I. Osadchey and others.

General problems of the social sphere are highlighted in the works of such authors as B.C. Barulin, V.N. Ivanov, V.N. Kovalev, Yu.E. Volkov, G.I. Siege-tea, SI. Grigoriev, L.G. Guslyakova, A.I. Lyashenko, A.M. Babich, E.N. Zhiltsov, E.V. Egorov, O.N. Viktorov, V.L. Kurakov, N.V. Bondarenko, E.N. Gri-bakina, etc.

Aspects of management of social sector institutions are reflected in the works of N.D. Vavilina, A.I. Lyashenko, M.V. Udaltsova, E.I. Kholostovoy, L.V. Topchego, V.G. Popova, S.A. Belicheva and others.

A narrow circle of authors (D.A. Kugan, E.V. Khizhnyakova, A.V. Gurevich, etc.) deals with related problems of interterritorial and intraterritorial interaction of social sector institutions.

The principles of the structure and functioning of organizations, technologies of organizational interaction were studied by N.S. Danakin, B.C. Dudchenko A.I. Prigozhy, V.V. Shcherbina, A.V. Strygin et al.

Socio-economic, demographic, psychological

pedagogical and other family problems are described in the works of employees of the Family Research Institute: A.G. Kharcheva, M.S Matskovsky, SI. Goloda, SV. Darmodehina, O.I. Volgina and others.

Social problems of orphanhood are reflected in the works of researchers from the Research Institute of Childhood of the Russian Children's Fund and the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

(I.V. Anisimova, V.V. Belyakova, I.F. Dementieva, I.G. Zhiritskaya, N.P. Ivanova, A.M. Nechaeva, etc.). The causes of social orphanhood are discussed in the works of V.V. Belyakov, V. Brutman, L.I. Kononova and others. State social policy in the interests of children is studied by E.M. Rybinsky, L.V. Kuznetsova, M.I. Nesmeyanova and others. Problems of violence against children in the family were considered in the works of L.S. Alekseeva, V.M. Zakirova, A.D. Kosheleva, M.R. Rokitsky and others.

Through the joint efforts of researchers in developing this topic, the following has been achieved:

A conceptual framework has been formed for the study of social interaction in the territory;

The concept of the social sphere is revealed;

The specifics of social protection institutions and the technology of work of these institutions with various categories of clients, including children and families in difficult life circumstances, have been determined;

Social problems described And causes of orphanhood.

Despite the results achieved, the principles and mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction necessary for a comprehensive solution to the problems of orphanhood in the territory remained poorly illuminated. Insufficient attention was paid to the development of problems of interaction in the territorial and administrative aspect, including taking into account the positioning of the interests of orphans and the presence of interdepartmental barriers.

Research problem- weak use of territorial management mechanisms in the interaction of social institutions for a comprehensive solution to the problems of orphanhood.

Object of study- interaction of social institutions in the territory.

Subject of study- organization of interdepartmental interaction in solving problems of orphanhood.

Purpose of the dissertation work- optimization of territorial and managerial mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction of social institutions in solving the problems of orphanhood.

Tasks, realizing the purpose of the study:

reveal the concept of “interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere”;

give a typology of interdepartmental barriers in terms of positioning the interests of orphans and the capabilities of social institutions;

characterize the principles and mechanisms of interaction between social protection institutions and other social institutions;

to study the possibilities of a comprehensive solution to the problems of orphanhood by overcoming interdepartmental barriers in the social sphere.

Research hypotheses.

Hypothesis-basis: interaction between social sector institutions is a necessary condition for a comprehensive solution to the problems of orphanhood of children and adolescents in the territory; studying the problem of interaction in the territorial and managerial aspect makes it possible to optimize interaction processes in the interests of orphans.

Hypotheses-consequences:

Compliance with the principles of interaction allows us to develop a common, conceptually structured management approach to an integrated solution to the problems of orphanhood in the territory;

Technological support for interaction processes contributes to the concentration of resources and efforts of the interacting parties in solving key problems of orphanhood of children and adolescents in the territory;

Overcoming interdepartmental barriers leads to the unification of interaction processes and at the same time introduces a sufficient variety of forms, ways and means of achieving common goals by the interacting parties;

> The organization of interaction between social sector institutions depends on the competence of management personnel and the territorial and managerial capabilities of the interacting parties.

Theoretical and methodological basics The author's research became a systems approach and a method of system analysis. The structural-functional approach was used to study the object and subject area of ​​the dissertation research.

The closest to the study of processes, mechanisms and consequences of interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere are interpretive paradigms (paradigm of social action, adaptive), as well as the functionalist paradigm.

The basis of the dissertation research was the concepts of scientific and social management developed in domestic sociology, as well as the concept of social interaction.

Useful for the author were the ideas and concepts of modern authors who develop problems of organizations, technologies of intra-organizational and inter-organizational interaction (N.S. Danakin, V.S. Dudchenko, A.I. Prigozhy, A.V. Strygin, V.V. Shcherbina, etc. .).

Research methods: structural-functional analysis, expert survey, questionnaire survey, participant observation, traditional document analysis, secondary analysis.

Empirical basis of the study. Information equipment.

IN The empirical basis of the study included applied research conducted personally by the dissertation candidate and with her participation in 1998-2004.

From 1998 to 1999 on the basis of an orphanage-school in the village. Berezovo, Kemerovo district (departmental subordination to the Department of Education of the Kemerovo region), a study was carried out of social problems, the fate of orphans,

difficulties in the functioning of boarding schools, technologies for working with minors, interdepartmental relations between institutions during the placement, residence and exit of an orphan from the walls of an orphanage. As part of this study, surveys were conducted among employees and pupils of the Berezovsky orphanage-school (54 teenagers under 18 years old), materials from the institution’s work, and accounting and reporting documentation for 1997-1999 were studied.

The study of the system of working with children who have lost parental care was also carried out on the basis of the Social Protection Department of the Kemerovo District Administration, where the dissertation candidate was familiarized with the current and annual accounting and reporting documentation of this structure (1998-1999).

The dissertation work used materials from participant observation during the period of work at the Center for Social Assistance to Families and Children in Kemerovo (2002-2004). In order to study the territorial and managerial mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction between social sector institutions, the following applied research was carried out at the Center:

> Participation in the work of the “Family” councils of microdistricts in Kemerovo (2003-2004);

U Survey of participants in the “Family” councils of microdistricts in Kemerovo (2004, 100 people).

The dissertation uses materials from the current archive of the Center for Social Assistance to Family and Children, as well as documents from the coordination council “Family” and the “Council for Prevention, Neglect and Juvenile Delinquency” in Kemerovo (for 2002-04).

In 2004 The dissertation author conducted an expert survey of 30 senior employees of social institutions in the city of Kemerovo (from among the participants in solving the problems of orphanhood and neglect of children in the territory).

Using the method of secondary analysis, research materials of the international project “Strategy”, close to the topic of the dissertation, were studied.

partnership tag: local development" (1999-2002, project leaders, Doctor of Philology, Professor V.V. Zheltov, Doctor of Science, Professor L.L. Shpak), materials of research conducted in the city of Berezovsky (Center for Social Assistance to Family and Children, director - Ph.D. N.B. Goryunova).

In addition, the information available about the British project on the problems of social protection of the population in Kuzbass was studied, materials from a sociological study conducted at the Center for Social Assistance to Families and Children in Kemerovo “Social services: meeting the needs of the population” (director - Chernyaeva I.A., scientific director - L.L. Shpak, performers T.Yu. Mochalova, M.N. Bolshakova, E.V. Polichuk, N.B. Sinitskaya; 2002-2003, survey of 600 people).

Scientific novelty of the research:

The concept of “interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere” has been clarified;

A classification of interdepartmental barriers in the interaction of social institutions in relation to solving the problems of orphanhood of children and adolescents is given (legal, organizational and managerial, innovative, social, psychological, cultural, communicative, religious, ethnic, gender, political, geographical and other barriers);

In the territorial and managerial aspect, a technological process of interaction between social sector institutions is proposed based on positioning the interests of orphans and social sector institutions;

The principles and mechanisms of interaction between social sector institutions in comprehensively solving the problems of orphanhood in the territory are systematized.

Theoretical significance of the study.

IN dissertation, conceptual provisions were developed that characterize the social sphere in the territorial and managerial aspect in relation to the problems of orphanhood. A conceptual scheme of technical

nological support of the processes of interaction between institutions, taking into account interdepartmental barriers and positioning the interests of orphans. The dissertation theses can be used as a starting point for further study of territorial and managerial problems in the social sphere.

Practical significance of the study.

The main results of the dissertation research can be used in the activities of state authorities and local governments, social institutions in organizing and conducting interdepartmental work to solve the problems of neglect and orphanhood.

The research materials can be used in university teaching of courses in the sociology of management and sociology of the social sphere, in various forms of training and retraining of sociologists, political scientists, social workers, state and municipal employees.

The concept of “interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere”

In the dissertation, we consider interdepartmental interaction as a type of social interaction. The parties to the interaction are socially oriented entities (subordinate organizations, institutions on the territory), achieving their goals through certain professionally specialized measures and actions.

The concept of “interaction” has attracted the attention of researchers in various fields of scientific knowledge.

Attention to action and interaction was evident in the works of Plato, Aristotle, Spinoza, Hobbes, Kant, and other thinkers. They considered interaction in order to study and explain causality, development, unity-diversity of existence, etc. For example, Plato, in the doctrine of the ideal state, considered the interconnection and interdependence of the phenomena of the world and believed that people are constantly in need and unite for the purpose of mutual assistance. Hegel and Schopenhauer identified action and being 4.

Interaction is considered by many modern scientists (L.S. Vygotsky, E.V. Ilyenkov, etc.) from ontological and evolutionary positions. It leads to self-change, self-development of a person throughout life (ontogenesis) and, as a result, to the improvement of society (social evolution) 5. Social interaction is also studied in an anthropological key as “a condition for the species conservation of man and his continuous expansion in existence.”

The problems of social action and interaction were developed by many representatives of sociological thought of various schools and directions: conflict theory (R. Dahrendorf, L. Coser, etc.); sociological theories of international relations (V. Blanche, M. Shaw, etc.); social exchange theory (D. Homans, P. Blau, etc.); symbolic interactionism (G. Mead, G. Bloomer, D. Moreno, etc.); phenomenological sociology and ethnomethodology (A. Schutz, P. Berger, G. Garfinkel, T. Luckmann, etc.), the concept of impression management (E. Hoffman, etc.), etc.

Adherents of the concept of exchange understood social interaction as a constant exchange of values ​​(material and intangible). Exchange actions occur according to the “stimulus-response” scheme. From the point of view of symbolic interactionism, social interaction is a dialogue between individuals with a “personal self”. It is realized at two levels - interpersonal and intrapersonal. For interacting subjects, the surrounding world and situation are important. They form meanings and try to interpret other people's actions through symbols. There is no direct influence on each other, but an indirect influence through the use of symbols. External interactions influence the formation of internal self-reflection, which determines the structure of the personality.

Max Weber (1864 - 1920) first introduced into sociology and scientifically substantiated the concept of “social action”. He believed that sociology “is a science that seeks, through interpretation, to understand social action and thereby causally explain its process and impact.” An action is social if it is subjective in nature, that is, it is personally meaningful (motivated) and focused on the response of others. Interaction is purposeful, purposeful and controlled. The social actions of an individual or group of individuals is a central category in the theory. P.P. Gaidenko, in the preface to the publication of Weber’s works, writes that “the category of social action, as the initial “cell” of social life, does not make it possible to understand the results of the social process, which often do not coincide with the direction of individual actions.”

American sociologist Talcott Parsons (1902 - 1979), developing the theory of action 10, was based on the fact that individuals are endowed with the desire to act. In the process of interaction they are organized and united. Individuals have expectations about each other's actions, which determine social rules (norms) and generally accepted values ​​that help ensure the nature of responses. From Parsons's point of view, people are connected by common symbols learned at a conscious and unconscious level, which are elements of cultural traditions. He considered the “single act” as the basic unit of the theory. This is the limit of action fragmentation. Acts do not exist separately, but are always connected with other acts. In his work “The Social System” (1951), he introduces the concept of “unit of action” as a unit of analysis. In the single action model, there is only one actor. Parsons then began to view the social system as based on interaction and introduced the status-role concept. Within the framework of this concept, social interaction was studied by the author as a system of standardized relations between figures who have a certain status and perform mutually expected roles in relation to each other. This system develops as a social structure normatively fixed and regulated by cultural patterns, performing the function of integrating society. The action system is made up of an “organized set of action orientations.” An action orientation is “a specific combination of choices relating to objects and constructed on the basis of the choices available in some specific situation.” The main elements of Parsons' system of action are the figure (actor), the goals of the activity, the situation, the means of achieving the goal, the conditions of action, normative regulators, motives, the action as such, the result. Parsons viewed the social system as self-organizing, reproducing balance and equilibrium between all subsystems due to their functional expediency. Parsons' student Robert Merton studied the functional connections and interactions of the systems of the social structure of society, their influence on the activities and behavior of people in society. P. Sorokin, G. Simmel proved the need to study social interaction not only between individuals, but also between complex social formations.

Interdepartmental barriers in solving problems of orphanhood in the territory

In the process of interdepartmental interaction, a number of difficulties, obstacles, and barriers to solving social problems are encountered.

A barrier is usually understood as some kind of obstacle, obstacle, difficulty in moving or doing something. In the literature they write about a barrier as an obstacle to the success of something, an obstacle to action and development of activity.

In interdepartmental interaction, barriers are circumstances (subjective and objective) that make it difficult for the participants in the interaction to achieve their goals. They complicate work, hinder coordination of actions, joint decision-making and the provision of social assistance to those in need.

Interdepartmental barriers in the interaction of social institutions in relation to solving the problems of street children and social orphans can be classified into legal, organizational and managerial, social, psychological, cultural, communicative, religious, ethnic, gender, political, geographical, economic.

The main management barriers that complicate the interdepartmental interaction of institutions in solving the problems of street children and social orphans are 42: The complexity of the management object;

There is a delay in information, characteristic of complex systems; The orientation of the subject making management decisions. The leader is simultaneously included in various social systems: official, group, socio-political, family, etc. Each system determines his role, rights and responsibilities. These roles may not coincide, provoking a conflict, contradiction, or barrier.

The issue of strengthening interdepartmental work is relevant at all levels of social sector management. However, barriers to interaction between institutions on the territory may be absent, not so acute at the ministry level and, accordingly, not taken into account or inadequately perceived when building interdepartmental interaction and creating a regulatory framework.

Considering organizational interaction in the theory and practice of social management, A.V. Strygin believes that the stability of this interaction is achieved with consistency in the functioning of various organizations within the framework of a common environment for them. These goals must coincide with the goals of the environment itself. A sufficient level of resource provision is also a condition for stability. Violation of one of the conditions leads to the emergence of barriers and organizational gaps. The main reason causing processes of a destabilizing nature is the lack of an effective mechanism for organizational support for decisions made at various levels, the consistency of these decisions and the orderliness of organizational interactions. He concludes that organizational interaction is a means to achieve higher levels of organizational effectiveness 43.

The emergence of interdepartmental barriers is associated with an organizational and managerial contradiction, the essence of which is that the objective need for various types of interactions is associated with high organizational differentiation, the desire for departmental autonomy and closed management.

One of the main reasons that generate contradictions in joint work is the lack of a coherent, logical concept for the development of the social sphere that adequately reflects the reality. This circumstance is manifested at all levels of management. On the territory, a general scheme of actions of institutions of various departments with a certain category can be developed. But there is no single concept within the framework of which all participants are considered as a single whole, interaction problems have not been identified and solved, and principles of joint work have not been developed and introduced into everyday practice. In the absence of a clear understanding of the content and specifics of the interdepartmental model at the federal and regional levels, it is difficult to jointly solve the problems of a specific territory and the institutions located on it.

Without a unified concept of joint action, each institution independently builds interdepartmental work on principles convenient for each individual case. An effective solution to the problems of street children and social orphans is impossible without a holistic concept of institutional management. If goals, mechanisms, and principles of interdepartmental work are not defined at the level of the administration of the institution, possible participants are not clearly identified, and those responsible for the results are not appointed, then joint activities will be left to chance. Without intra-organizational coordination of actions, each middle manager (head of department, foreman) will independently build interdepartmental work on the basis of personal connections and relationships, territorial specifics (presence of sponsoring organizations and institutions in the serviced territory that can help in solving specific problems).

The dissertation research conducted revealed the disunity of efforts within institutions. In most cases, heads of structural divisions are placed in conditions of competition among themselves, which leads to the desire of each division to increase its performance by any means. As a rule, there is an increase in quantitative indicators at the expense of qualitative ones. There is a lack of desire among branches to share their information with others and strive to help each other. For example, the head of a territorial department works with sponsors in his area and may be hostile if a representative of another department of the same institution begins to interact with “his” sponsors, since each department is placed in a situation of competition in its main areas of activity.

Principles and mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction between institutions in the social sphere

Each social problem is unique and requires an individual approach to its resolution. However, the process of resolving them has generally valid positions - principles. The principles of interdepartmental interaction are the initial fundamental requirements that guide interacting entities when organizing joint solutions to social problems. Principles are the most important basis of the management mechanism. They synthesize social laws and specific approaches to their implementation. The content and focus of the principles of interdepartmental interaction in solving the problems of street children and social orphans is determined by a number of factors: the strategic goals of the state and society as a whole; legislative regulation; scientific validity; goals and nature of joint work; departmental interests: specificity and importance of their implementation through interaction; subjective factor; availability of resource base; territorial features: development of social infrastructure, geographical location, local policy in the social sphere, national composition, etc.; attitude towards the interaction of institutions on the part of higher structures; specificity of the problems being solved. The basic principles of interdepartmental interaction of social sector institutions in solving problems of orphanhood can be grouped according to several criteria: The criterion of regulatory force (legal, social responsibility of management subjects, social control); according to the degree of organizational and managerial technologization (the principle of adequacy, feedback, coordination of interdependent actions, the principle of automated accounting in information exchange, correspondence of functions to the powers vested); according to the criterion of compatibility of professional activities of personnel (competence, continuity, consistency of interests, measures of participation in interdepartmental coordination, compliance with the rules of business relations); program-target criterion (complexity and consistency, scientific and methodological validity, the principle of ultimate goal orientation, continuity in the provision of social assistance to orphans, problem-oriented orientation of the activities of institutions); Have a moral criterion in relations with children (principles of social justice, humanism, tolerance, participation in fate).

In practice, the principles of interdepartmental interaction, as a rule, are not used in isolation, but in close connection, which reflects their objective conditionality and directs joint efforts to achieve common goals.

Among the principles of organizing interdepartmental interaction of social institutions in solving the problems of street children and social orphans, one of the most important is the principle of social partnership. In the scientific literature and in practice, social partnership is interpreted ambiguously. Some understand it as a type of relationship between the state, employer and employee. Others understand social partnership in a broader sense, namely as a specific type of social relations between social subjects (social groups, classes, etc.). Still others - as an ideological basis for coordinating and protecting the interests of various social groups. Following A.I. Sukharev, we believe that social partnership is not reducible only to social and labor interaction. “Interaction becomes a partnership if the interest of one subject cannot be realized without the participation of another and the simultaneous satisfaction of the needs of other subjects.”

Social partnership, as a system of civilized social relations, implies activities based on the coordination of interests, capabilities, and methods of work, which ensures the implementation of the intersecting interests of institutions of various departmental affiliations in achieving a common goal. Effective interdepartmental interaction is possible on the basis of respect for the positions and interests of the parties, taking advantage of the negotiation process. Partnership is characterized as a process of increasing common interests 6l.

The partnership nature of the relationship presupposes the significance of the goals being achieved. Interdepartmental interaction can be implemented on the principle of social partnership, provided that the interests of achieving socially expected goals (effective solutions to the problems of street children and social orphans, etc.) will dominate departmental bureaucratic interests, when joint work is a perceived value for all participants rather than the individual actions of each institution. The implementation of these conditions is facilitated by the increased importance of the social tasks of the functioning of institutions at the level of government management structures and in society. Until government bodies realize the crisis situation in Russian society, the need to implement an adequate family policy, and the importance of solving the real problems of children, they will not be able to dominate the bureaucratic procedure in the functioning of departmental structures. The public should also not be aloof from what is happening and, with the help of appropriate mechanisms, should influence management activities to solve the problems of street children and social orphans. All participants in interdepartmental interaction should perceive each other as partners in achieving common goals.

The effectiveness of interdepartmental interaction critically depends on the implementation of the principle of social justice. Children who find themselves in a socially dangerous situation do not have the opportunity to take advantage of the rights guaranteed by law. The joint work of social institutions should be aimed at preventing this imbalance by providing social guarantees and creating opportunities for equal access to benefits. Compliance with this principle, on the one hand, determines the necessary conditions for the development and decent existence of a child, on the other hand, it establishes a connection between the specifics of a particular problem and the degree of participation of government agencies in the life of a minor.

Overcoming interdepartmental barriers in solving the problems of street children and social orphans

Solving the problems of child neglect and social orphanhood in the territory is carried out on the basis of interdepartmental interaction. An analysis of the situation of minors in a socially dangerous situation shows that the interdepartmental interaction being implemented is not optimally structured. Collaborative work is hampered by various kinds of barriers, inconsistency of interests and actions of the participants in the interaction. Optimization of interdepartmental interaction between social sector institutions in solving the problems of street children and social orphans depends on overcoming the barriers that exist in the practice of joint work.

Overcoming obstacles in interdepartmental interaction between institutions is facilitated by the introduction into practice of social and managerial cooperation technologies (for example, mastering procedures for coordinating interests, decisions, actions; creating a unified information and analytical base; concluding agreements of mutual understanding; optimizing document flow between institutions, etc.).

According to V.K. Potemkin and M.Kh. Balkizov’s principle of assessing the effectiveness of the social partnership mechanism 79, we can identify the main factors that stimulate interdepartmental interaction in solving the problems of street children and social orphans in the territory, and the restrictions that impede it (see Table 5).

The identified factors and limitations of interdepartmental interaction when solving the problems of street children and social orphans in the territory are of interest from a practical point of view, since they are the object of government influence in order to optimize existing

When organizing interdepartmental interaction, it is important to study and, if necessary, optimize the two previous types of interaction. The formation of interdepartmental interaction is carried out through the action of internal and external mechanisms. The effectiveness of interdepartmental interaction depends on intradepartmental interaction, which in turn is determined by the activities of individual institutions and the coordination of actions of all departments and individual employees of each institution.

Intra-organizational interaction based on partnership means the formation of coordinated actions between the divisions within the organization. The activities of the departments of the institution should be built on the basis of a common goal, a common policy, perceived by everyone as a single whole. Departments within an institution will function effectively and coherently if the structure and functions are consistent with the goals of the organization. The design of the organizational structure should be based on the strategic goals and plans of the institution, as this ensures its sustainability. “The structure of an organization is developed from the top down. This allows us to proceed from the hierarchy of goals and objectives, optimize the implementation of the construction of a chain of interconnected elements of the horizontal and vertical structure, and establish the relationship of official powers and responsibilities” 80.

Intra-organizational interaction depends on the logic of management and organizational culture, the consistency of goals, tasks of structural units and individual performers, the compliance of their rights and obligations, resource availability and goals, on communications and feedback within the institution. There is an opinion in management that structural units, as a rule, are more interested in realizing their goals than the overall goal of the institution (M. Meskon). Management will be effective if the feeling of “WE” dominates in the institution; each specialist feels like a necessary link in the overall system. Intradepartmental interaction should be based on the common values, goals and objectives of the functioning of all constituent institutions, and their interdependence.

Intradepartmental and interdepartmental interaction is a dialectical unity. On the one hand, if there is no intradepartmental interaction, then we cannot talk about the effectiveness of interdepartmental relations. On the other hand, commitments to interdepartmental cooperation can have a positive impact and speed up the resolution of many intradepartmental problems.

Social protection of the population is a relatively young area of ​​practical activity of the state in implementing the main directions of social policy. A number of researchers note that today social work in general is focused on meeting the vital needs of clients, without qualitatively changing the social situation that caused difficulties 81. The possibility of direct contact with clients and their problems determines the adaptive potential of social protection institutions 82. Optimal forms of social security are being developed and providing social assistance to the population. Social protection is trying to integrate organically into the existing system of the social sphere. An analysis is being carried out of the need for the existence of institutions and the demand for the services offered among the population. Territorial institutions, being in direct contact with clients, have a unique opportunity to build their activities based on an analysis of the needs of the population and taking into account the real state of the social environment.

Today, in order to identify problems arising within an institution, analyze the demand for activities, adjust and optimize management decisions, it is relevant to conduct sociological support, the purpose of which is to optimize activities based on the scientific substantiation of management actions. Sociological support ensures the relationship between science and practice, promotes the flexibility of the management system, makes it possible to quickly respond to the current situation, and adjust the tasks of activity in connection with emerging environmental demands.

Since 2002, specialists from the Center for Social Assistance to Families and Children in the city of Kemerovo have been working on the implementation of the consulting project “Sociological support for the social development of the Center for Social Assistance and Childhood” 84. The goal of the project is to optimize the activities of the institution in the provision of social services to the population. The experience of establishing social assistance institutions for families and children in Russia shows that it is necessary to develop as complete a list of services as possible, taking into account the specifics of the territory. During the implementation of this project, taking into account the requirements of the population, a list of social services of the Center was developed. Service packages have been created according to the criteria of mandatory and optional, uniqueness and complexity of provision. Service packages have been created for various categories of the population served by CSPS&D.

Interdepartmental interaction can be considered as a type of social interaction. The parties to the interaction are socially oriented entities (executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, organizations, institutions, non-profit organizations and others subordinate to them), achieving their goals through certain professionally specialized measures and actions.

The main ways and means of optimizing interdepartmental interaction between social sector institutions when solving problems of preventing neglect and juvenile delinquency are:

Providing interaction processes with the necessary legislative framework; scientific and methodological substantiation of complex work;

A clear delineation of functions between participants in interaction at all levels of collaboration;

Providing institutions with powers and funds in accordance with the functions performed and tasks assigned;

Providing management structures and institutions with qualified personnel; organization of a unified information space;

Creation of a common concept of joint action;

Optimization of the work of the interdepartmental coordinating link and others.

The activities of bodies and institutions of the prevention system to provide assistance to minors sentenced to non-custodial sentences, minors being released from prison, as well as minors returning from the territorial detention center are carried out in accordance with the following basic principles:

The principle of interdepartmental interaction - determines the procedure for forming relations between the subjects of the prevention system by agreeing on action plans and actions for their implementation, monitoring their implementation;

The principle of distribution of areas of responsibility - involves specific performers, assigning to them a certain range of tasks within the framework of departmental competence, the implementation of which is necessary to achieve the set goals;

The principle of an individual approach is implemented through the implementation of the rehabilitation process, taking into account the individual characteristics of a particular child and family, which significantly influence their behavior in different life situations;

The principle of legality - provides for compliance with the requirements of the current legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in working with convicted minors and their families;

The principle of complexity - involves the implementation of a systematic approach to working with minors and their families and influencing them, taking into account all aspects: economic, legal, social, medical, pedagogical, psychological.

An important form of interdepartmental interaction is the exchange of information characterizing the situation of families and children in the territory under their jurisdiction and necessary for carrying out activities in their interests, with authorities, state and non-state institutions, organizations and services.

1

The article presents a description of the existing system of interdepartmental interaction in social support for families at risk and the results of the implementation in an educational organization of a project based on a preventive approach to interdepartmental interaction when working with families at risk. The concept of “at-risk family” and the system of interdepartmental interaction when working with problem families are considered. The main attention is paid to the study of the existing system of interdepartmental interaction and the study of its effectiveness. A model for organizing social support for families with children and the results of a survey of specialists working in the prevention system are presented, which made it possible to identify the specifics of interdepartmental interaction. The article substantiates the need to organize and coordinate work on the basis of an educational institution. The passport of the “Friendly Family” project is presented, aimed at working with at-risk families on the basis of an educational institution. The results of a survey of project participants are described. The events most in demand by project participants are named. Information is provided on the dynamics of registered families.

family at risk

family in a socially dangerous situation (sop)

interdepartmental interaction

preventative approach

educational organization

1. Alekseeva L.S. Russian family in conditions of social risks // Domestic Journal of Social Work. – 2011. – No. 1. – P. 42-51.

2. Butaeva M.A. Causes and threats of the family crisis in modern Russia (philosophical aspects) // Social policy and sociology. – 2010. – No. 2. – P. 63-67.

3. Belicheva S.A. Social and pedagogical support for children and families at risk: an interdepartmental approach (a manual for social workers and teachers): monograph. – M.: Publishing house Ed.-ed. Center of the Consortium “Social Health of Russia”, 2009. – 111 p.

4. Shirokalova G.S. Family at risk in everyday life // Family: phenomenology of everyday life: collective monograph. – N. Novgorod, 2016. – P. 61-77.

5. Mametyeva O.S., Kuzmenko N.I. Family “at risk” as an object of social work // Science today: collection of scientific papers based on international materials. scientific-practical conf.: in 4 parts. – Scientific Center “Dispute”, 2015. – pp. 106-108.

6. Barsukova T.M. Prevention of family troubles at the new frontier of social work // Social service. – 2011. – No. 9. – P. 37-39.

7. Mustaeva F.A. Social problems of the modern family // Socis. – 2009. – No. 7. – P. 109-113.

8. Akhlyustina E.V., Petushkova O.G. Algorithm for the implementation of case management in the activities of specialists in supporting “at-risk” families // Scientific community of students. Interdisciplinary research: electronic collection of articles based on materials from the 19th Student International. scientific-practical conf. – 2017. – P. 216-224.

The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that Russia is currently undergoing serious socio-economic changes that affect family formation. According to research by Russian sociologists (Alekseeva L.S., Kartseva L.V., etc.), at the beginning of the 21st century, a characteristic trend in social development is a significant increase in family dysfunction. Moral problems of society complicate the system of value relations in the family, and the pedagogical failure of parents reduces the educational potential of the family. Experts are increasingly talking about “at-risk” families. Domestic scientists studied this problem: Belicheva S.A. , Shirokalova G.S. , Mametyeva O.S. and Kuzmenko N.I. and etc.

“Risk group” is a category of families that, due to certain conditions of their lives, are more susceptible than others to negative influences from society. The main reason for classifying families as “at risk” is difficult life circumstances and family dysfunction. Scientists (Barsukova T.M., Belicheva S.A., Mustaeva F.A., etc.) consider the situation of family dysfunction as a situation of difficulty or impossibility for the family to fully fulfill its main functions and meet the necessary needs of family members. Depending on the depth of violations in the performance of intrafamily functions, we can talk about the risk of the family moving into a socially dangerous situation (SDS). A feature of such families is a negative, destructive influence on the formation of the child’s personality.

Research methods. The article presents an analysis of pedagogical and specialized literature, the results of a survey (of specialists in the field of social support for families) and project participants.

The purpose of the article is to describe the existing system of interdepartmental interaction in social support of families at risk and the results of the implementation in an educational organization of a project based on a preventive approach to interdepartmental interaction when working with families at risk.

With all the efforts of the state and various departments aimed at preserving family well-being, the number of families experiencing dysfunction is growing from year to year. The table presents statistics on family dysfunction and its dynamics in Magnitogorsk from 2013 to 2016, confirming the theoretical conclusions of scientists (Table 1).

Table 1

Statistical data on families registered in Magnitogorsk

	Total registered		Family "at risk"			A family in a socially dangerous situation

According to statistics, in 2013-2015 there was an increase in families in a socially dangerous situation, but there is a significant decrease in families and children in the “risk group” category in the period 2014-2016. In 2016, on the contrary, for the first time there was a significant decrease in SEN, but there was an increase in the number of children living in them. This statistics suggests that families with many children are more often included in the category of families in a socially dangerous situation, as the number of families has decreased and the number of children has increased.

Researchers are unanimous in the opinion that early prevention measures are effective measures in the activities of subjects when working with “at-risk” families. The sooner family dysfunction is identified, the more successfully social support for families at risk will be organized and the risk of transition to a group of families with special needs will be minimized. If the causes of family dysfunction are identified, the solution to the problem is possible in the close cooperation of all specialists, including specialists from bodies and institutions of the system for the prevention of neglect and crime. In this case, the primary task is to organize effective interdepartmental interaction.

Focusing on the task of increasing the efficiency of social support for families at risk, a model program for the introduction of social support for families was developed in accordance with Federal Law No. 442 of December 28, 2013 “On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation” and adopted for implementation in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation with kids. On its basis, a model for organizing social support for families has been developed (figure).

Model for organizing social support for families with children

It follows from the model that the work carried out with families is multidimensional. Its basis is the preparation of an individual program of social support for the family (IP SSS). At the same time, the work model is focused on formal indicators, and the minor “falls out” of it, often suffering from unfavorable intra-family relations. To study the opinion of specialists from bodies and institutions of the crime prevention and neglect system working with minors and their families, a questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire paid attention to questions on the problem of social disadvantage of children living in the family; the essence and specificity of interdepartmental interaction in social support of “at-risk” families, the regulatory framework used by specialists, as well as issues affecting state family policy.

The survey was conducted among specialists from bodies and institutions of the prevention system of the city of Magnitogorsk. 100 people took part in the survey: 46% of them were social teachers working in secondary schools, 30% were specialists in social protection of the population, 14% were specialists from the juvenile affairs unit of the internal affairs bodies of the Leninsky and Pravoberezhny districts, 6% were specialists from district commissions on the affairs of minors and the protection of their rights of the Leninsky and Pravoberezhny districts, 4% - specialists from health care institutions.

The results of the study showed that the main problems of modern families with children are financial difficulties, lack of separate housing, problems raising children, deterioration of parent-child relationships, unemployment and others.

The main factors shaping family dysfunction are: lack of control on the part of parents, alcoholism, destruction of family values, abuse of children, infringement of children's rights, legal incompetence of families and insufficient psychological and pedagogical literacy of parents, low efficiency of the regulatory framework. As the results of the study showed, interdepartmental interaction in social support of “at-risk” families is not effective enough and requires improvement. The center of such work, according to our plan, is the educational institution, and the key figure is the social teacher.

Based on this, the “Friendly Family” project was developed and implemented in 2016-2017, aimed at improving social support for families at risk (Table 2). The goal of the project was to reduce the number of “at-risk” families and move them into the category of conditionally adapted and, possibly, prosperous families. The main idea of ​​the project was to organize work with families on the basis of an educational institution and attract specialists from different departments in accordance with the individual requests of families participating in the project based on case management technology.

table 2

Passport of the project “Friendly Family”

Name	School for harmonization of parent-child relationships "Friendly family"
Reason for project development	Reducing the number of “at-risk” families registered at the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 34”. Timely provision of social, pedagogical and psychological assistance to the family will allow it to move to the status of conditionally adapted and possibly prosperous
Objective of the project	Promote interdepartmental interaction in providing psychological and pedagogical support to “at-risk” families
Basic Events	Operational meeting with the school director. Meetings with the deputy director of educational work. Events for parents. Activities for children
project implementation	Short-term - 8 months. From 09/30/2016 to 05/31/2017 (then children of GR families in the summer will be from June 5 to June 22, 2017 at a school summer camp)
Performers	Administration and teaching staff of Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 34”, subjects of the prevention system of the Leninsky district
Expected results	Increasing the educational potential of the family. Harmonization of parent-child relationships. Involving parents and children in joint leisure activities (spending time together). Awareness of the importance of preserving family values ​​and traditions. Increasing the psychological and pedagogical literacy of parents, legal knowledge, and responsibility for raising children. Improving the psycho-emotional state of children and parents
Project execution control system	Current and final control over the implementation of the project is carried out by the deputy. Director for HR, Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 34"

The project involved “at-risk” families registered at the Municipal Educational Institution “TsSPSD” in Magnitogorsk, studying at the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 34”, as well as single-parent and single-parent families, large families, families with step-parents, with guardian children who are in a difficult life situation.

During the implementation of the project, the expected result is an increase in the responsibility of parents for raising children, awareness by parents of the importance of preserving family values ​​and traditions; encouraging parents to spend joint leisure time with their children, improving the living conditions of children in the family; normalization of the psychological climate in the family, harmonization of parent-child relationships, etc.

Interdepartmental interaction in social support of families with children during the implementation of the project was aimed at early identification and solution of family problems, prevention of family troubles, and assistance in overcoming difficult life situations. Subjects of the prevention system of the Leninsky district of Magnitogorsk took part in the project: PDN OP “Leninsky”, MU “Center for Social Assistance to Family and Children” of Magnitogorsk”, MU “Comprehensive Center for Social Services of the Population”, Commission on Minors’ Affairs and Protection of Their Rights Leninsky district, department of guardianship and trusteeship. These institutions provided social support to “at-risk” families in the form of social, psychological, pedagogical, legal assistance, assistance in finding employment for adolescents and parents, as well as the provision of urgent social services.

After the implementation of the project on social support for families at risk in the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 34” in Magnitogorsk, a survey was conducted of parents who took part in the project. The survey was conducted among parents of “at-risk” families who are registered at the municipal educational institution “TsSPSD” and who are registered internally at the municipal educational institution “Secondary School No. 34” in Magnitogorsk. 30 people took part in the survey, of which: 80% were women and 20% were men. The age structure of the respondents surveyed is as follows: 27-30 years old - 20%; 31-40 years old - 50%; 41 and older - 30%.

The vast majority (50%) of the families surveyed belong to single-parent families. The distribution by family type was as follows: 20% each - two-parent families and families with a stepparent; 10% - guardianship. Also, large and low-income families took part in the project, and were provided with preventive assistance during the project implementation.

The answer to the question “Which activities implemented during the project did you like most?” revealed that psychological and pedagogical workshops, namely trainings for parents and relaxation techniques, were liked by 40% of respondents; joint activities of parents and children, especially the New Year tree and a trip to the preschool educational institution “Ural Dawns” - 25%; psychological and pedagogical consultations - 20%; pedagogical assignments - 10%. This suggests that parents are interested in activities that increase their psychological and pedagogical literacy, aimed at harmonizing parent-child relationships.

When answering the question “In your opinion, were all the project activities useful, interesting and meaningful for you,” 80% of parents answered positively; 15% found it difficult to answer, and only 5% answered negatively. This shows that a larger number of project participants positively assess their participation in it and their readiness to solve accumulated problems.

To the question “Do you intend to contact the social and pedagogical service of the school in the future to solve family problems?” 100% of parents responded positively.

As a result of the implementation of the social support project, the number of at-risk families who took part in the project and are registered with the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 34” decreased from 21 to 5. The number of disadvantaged families registered with the Municipal Educational Institution “TsSPSD” and participating in the project , also decreased from 10 to 6.

Based on the studied domestic experience of interdepartmental interaction and based on the results of the study, we have developed an improved “Regulation of interdepartmental interaction in the social support of families at risk”, aimed at improving the work of identifying the need of families with children to provide them with assistance through social support. This provision was approved by the State Committee for Construction and Construction of the City of Magnitogorsk (the implementation act was signed).

1. The study made it possible to establish that interdepartmental interaction when accompanying families at risk is given quite a lot of attention both by theoretical scientists and by the state, which is manifested in many scientific articles and special publications on the topic, on the one hand, and in improving the regulatory framework, on the other. However, the number of “at-risk” families is not decreasing, and there is a danger of them moving into the category of families in a socially dangerous situation.

2. The article presents a model that reflects the specifics of interdepartmental interaction in the complex solution of family problems. At the same time, the “educational institution” link is excluded from the overall harmonious system of interdepartmental interaction. This fact affects the effectiveness of work with families at risk, which confirms the opinion of specialists working in the prevention system.

3. To improve the system of interdepartmental interaction in social support of “at-risk” families, it is necessary to organize work in educational institutions, allowing the implementation of the basic ideas of the preventive approach.

4. The article shows that the creation of targeted projects implemented on the basis of an educational institution, integrating the efforts of various departments, is an effective means of improving interdepartmental interaction when working with at-risk families in an educational institution.

Bibliographic link

Petushkova O.G., Akhlyustina E.V. IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF INTERDEPARTMENTAL INTERACTION IN AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION WITH SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR FAMILIES AT RISK // Modern problems of science and education. – 2017. – No. 6.;
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