Famous Tatar personalities. Famous Tatars. Features and traditions of Tatar culture

Since we are talking about the Tatars of St. Petersburg, I will say that the Tatar Muslim community has existed since the first days of the founding of St. Petersburg, since the Kazan province was one of the main suppliers of workers to the city under construction. In St. Petersburg there are two temples: the St. Petersburg Cathedral Mosque (St. Petersburg, Kronverksky Ave., 7) and the Memorial Mosque named after Mufti Zhafyar-Khazrat Ponchaev (St. Petersburg, Repishchev St., 1), the museum-apartment of L.N. Gumilyov, houses in which outstanding figures of the past lived: M. Bigi, A.-R. Ibragimov, Tatarsky Lane (house 1) near Kronverksky Avenue; On the side of Zverinskaya Street in front of this house there is a square in which in 2006 a monument to the Tatar poet Gabdulla Tukai was inaugurated - a gift from the Republic of Tatarstan to St. Petersburg. The choice of location for the monument is due to the fact that the Tatar Settlement of St. Petersburg was originally located here.

The Tatars are the second largest ethnic group and the largest people of Muslim culture in the Russian Federation.
There are different interpretations of the concept of “Tatars”. This question is very relevant at the present time. Some researchers deduce the origin of this word from “mountain resident,” where “tat” means “mountain,” and “ar” means “resident,” “person.” Others are the etymology of the word “Tatars” to the ancient Greek “messenger”.
The famous Turkologist D.E. Eremev connects the origin of the word “Tatars” with the ancient Turkic word and people. He associates the first component of the word “tat” with the name of the ancient Iranian people. At the same time, he refers to the information of the ancient Turkic chronicler Mahmud Kashgari that the Turks called “tatam” those who speak Farsi, that is, the Iranian language. The original meaning of the word “tat” was most likely “Persian,” but then in Rus' this word began to designate all eastern and Asian peoples. The ethnonym “Tatars” is of ancient origin, but it was adopted as the self-name of modern Tatars only in the 19th century, and the Ancient Tatars, Turkic tribes, lived on the territory of today’s Eurasia. The current Tatars (Kazan, Western, Siberian, Crimean) are not direct descendants of the ancient Tatars who came to Europe along with the troops of Genghis Khan. They formed into a single nation called the Tatars, after European peoples gave them that name. There is an opinion among historians that the name “Tatars” comes from the name of the large influential family “Tata”, from which many Turkic-speaking military leaders of the state “Altyn Urta” (Golden Mean), better known as the “Golden Horde”, came from.

The Bulgarian ancestors adopted religion in 922, earlier than the Russians. Among the Tatars, science and art flourished even then. The best sons of the Tatar people studied not only in Bulgar madrassas, but also in Bukhara and Samarkand. Caravans of ancient Bulgar merchants traveled not only through the Russian principalities, but also through Central Asia, the Crimea, the Caucasus, and even Scandinavia. Tatar jewelers and gunsmiths delighted the whole world; the skillful leather crafted by our ancestors - “Bulgar yuft” - entered world history. The Tatar ancestors were famous for their beautiful baths, eight-minaret majestic mosques; surrounded by high oak walls, artificial water channels, steep earthen ramparts, impregnable military fortresses. During the years of drought, the Great Bulgar sent grain by hundreds of boats, thereby saving the Russian people many times from starvation. The Bulgarian people gave humanity the great Kul Gali. The Tatars smelted cast iron much earlier than the Russians, back in the 12th century. At a time when the Russian people, fragmented into hundreds of small principalities, waged an endless fratricidal war among themselves, the Great Bulgar was distinguished by its unity and military power. That is why it is by no means accidental that when in 1223 Russian troops on the Kalka River suffered a shameful defeat, our Bulgar ancestors in the same year were the first in history to defeat the Mongol horde.

Tatars are one of the most mobile peoples. Due to landlessness, frequent crop failures in their homeland and the traditional desire for trade, even before 1917 they began to move to various regions of the Russian Empire, including the provinces of Central Russia, the Donbass, Eastern Siberia and the Far East, the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, Central Asia and Kazakhstan. This migration process intensified during the years of Soviet rule, especially during the period of the “great construction projects of socialism.” Therefore, at present there is practically no federal subject in the Russian Federation where Tatars live. Even in the pre-revolutionary period, Tatar national communities were formed in Finland, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and China.

According to many historians, the Tatar people with a single literary and practically common spoken language emerged during the existence of the huge Turkic state - the Golden Horde. The literary language in this state was the so-called “idel terkise” or Old Tatar, based on the Kipchak-Bulgar (Polovtsian) language and incorporating elements of Central Asian literary languages. The modern literary language based on the middle dialect arose in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

In ancient times, the Turkic ancestors of the Tatars used runic writing, as evidenced by archaeological finds in the Urals and Middle Volga region. Since the voluntary adoption of Islam by one of the ancestors of the Tatars, the Volga-Kama Bulgars, the Tatars used Arabic writing, from 1929 to 1939 - Latin script, and since 1939 they have used the Cyrillic alphabet with additional characters. Modern Tatar language is divided into four dialects: middle (Kazan Tatar), western (Mishar), eastern (language of the Siberian Tatars) and Crimean (language of the Crimean Tatars). Despite dialectal and territorial differences, the Tatars are a single nation with a single literary language, a single culture - folklore, literature, music, religion, national spirit, traditions and rituals.

Tatar nation by literacy level(the ability to write and read in their own language) even before the coup of 1917 occupied one of the leading places in the Russian Empire. The traditional thirst for knowledge has survived in the current generation.

Tatars are one of the most urbanized peoples of the Russian Federation. The social groups of the Tatars, living both in cities and in villages, are almost no different from those that exist among other peoples, especially Russians.

By lifestyle Tatars are no different from other surrounding peoples. The modern Tatar ethnic group arose in parallel with the Russian one. Modern Tatars are the Turkic-speaking part of the indigenous population of Russia, which, due to their greater territorial proximity to the East, chose Islam rather than Orthodoxy. 99% of Tatar believers are Sunni Muslims of moderate Hanafi persuasion.

Many ethnologists note a unique phenomenon of Tatar tolerance, which consists in the fact that in the entire history of the existence of the Tatars, they have not initiated a single conflict on ethnic and religious grounds. The most famous ethnologists and researchers are sure that tolerance is an invariable part of the Tatar national character.

Traditional Tatar food– meat, dairy and vegetable - soups seasoned with pieces of dough (tokmach noodles, chumar), porridges, sour dough bread, kabartma flatbreads. National dishes - byalesh with various fillings, often made from meat (peryamyach), cut into pieces and mixed with millet, rice or potatoes; baked goods made from unleavened dough are widely represented in the form of bavyrsak, kosh tele, ichpochmak, gubadia, katykly salma, chak-chak ( wedding dish). Dried sausage - kazylyk or kazy - is prepared from horse meat (the favorite meat of many groups). Dried goose (kaklagan kaz) is considered a delicacy. Dairy products - katyk (a special type of sour milk), sour cream, cottage cheese. Drinks - tea, ayran (tan) - a mixture of katyk with water (used mainly in summer).

Tatars always took an active part in all defensive and liberation wars. In terms of the number of “Heroes of the Soviet Union”, the Tatars occupy fourth place, and in terms of the percentage of the number of heroes for the entire nation - first. In terms of the number of Heroes of Russia, the Tatars have second place. From the Tatars came such military leaders as Army General M.A. Gareev, Colonels General P.S. Akchurin and F.Kh. Churakov, Vice Admiral M.D. Iskanderov, Rear Admirals Z.G. Lyapin, A.I. Bichurin and others. Outstanding scientists - academicians R.Z. Sagdeev (physical chemist), K.A. Valiev (physicist), R.A. Syunyaev (astrophysicist), and others.

Tatar literature is one of the oldest in the Russian Federation. The most ancient literary monument is the poem “The Tale of Yusuf” by the Bulgarian poet Kul Gali, written in 1236. Among the famous poets of the past one can name M. Sarai-Gulistani (XIV century), M. Muhammadyar (1496/97-1552), G. Utyz-Imeni (1754-1834), G. Kandaly (1797-1860). Among the poets and writers of the 20th century - classics of Tatar literature Gabdulla Tukay, Fatih Amirkhan, writers of the Soviet period - Galimzyan Ibragimov, Khadi Taktash, Majit Gafuri, Hassan Tufan, patriotic poet, Hero of the Soviet Union Musa Jalil, Sibgat Hakim and many other talented poets and writers.

One of the first among the Turkic peoples, the Tatars arose performing arts.
The most outstanding artists are: Abdulla Kariev, artist and playwright Karim Tinchurin, Khalil Abjalilov, Gabdulla Shamukov, actors: Chulpan Khamatova, Marat Basharov Renata Litvinova, actor and director Sergei Shakurov, director Marcel Salimzhanov, opera singers- Khaidar Bigichev and Zilya Sungatullina, folk singers Ilgam Shakirov and Alfiya Afzalova, popular artists- Rinat Ibragimov, Alsou, Zemfira Ramazanova, Salavat Fatkhutdinov, Aidar Galimov, Malika Razakova, young poet and musician Rustam Alyautdinov.

Fine art of the Tatars: First of all, this is the artist-patriarch Baki Urmanche, and many other outstanding Tatar artists.

Great scientists and writers

The Tatars served their Fatherland faithfully and truly, not only fighting for it in countless wars. In peaceful life they gave him many famous people - scientists, writers, artists. It is enough to name such scientists as Mendeleev, Mechnikov, Pavlov and Timiryazev, researchers of the North Chelyuskin and Chirikov. In literature, these are Dostoevsky, Turgenev, Yazykov, Bulgakov, Kuprin. In the field of art - ballerinas Anna Pavlova, Galina Ulanova, Olga Spesivtseva, Rudolf Nureyev, as well as composers Scriabin and Taneyev. All of them are Russians of Tatar origin.

The sporting achievements of the Tatars also constantly make themselves felt:
Wrestling - Shazam Safin, champion of the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki in Greco-Roman wrestling.
Rhythmic gymnastics - Olympic champion and multiple world champion Alina Kabaeva, world champions Amina Zaripova and Laysan Utyasheva.
Football - Rinat Dasaev, goalkeeper No. 1 in the world in 1988, goalkeeper of the Spartak team, members of the 2002 World Cup football team, attacking midfielder of the Russian national team Marat Izmailov (Lokomotiv-Moscow), winner of the Russian Cup 2000/01; silver medalist of the 2001 Russian Championship, and goalkeeper of the Russian national team, KAMAZ (Naberezhnye Chelny); "Spartak Moscow); "Lokomotiv" (Moscow); "Verona" (Italy) Ruslan Nigmatullin, Hockey-Irek Gimaev, Sergei Gimaev, Zinetula Bilyaletdinov, Tennis-world champion Marat Safin, and many many others.

Famous Russians come from Tatar families

Many famous noble families of Russia have Tatar roots. Apraksins, Arakcheevs, Dashkovs, Derzhavins, Ermolovs, Sheremetevs, Bulgakovs, Gogols, Golitsyns, Milyukovs, Godunovs, Kochubeis, Stroganovs, Bunins, Kurakins, Saltykovs, Saburovs, Mansurovs, Tarbeevs, Godunovs, Yusupovs - it’s impossible to list them all. By the way, the origin of the Sheremetev counts, in addition to the surname, is confirmed by the family coat of arms, which has a silver crescent. The Ermolov nobles, for example, where General Alexey Petrovich Ermolov came from, begin their genealogy as follows: “The ancestor of this family Arslan-Murza-Ermola, and at baptism named John, as shown in the presented pedigree, in 1506 went to Grand Duke Vasily Ivanovich from the Golden Horde " Rus' became fabulously rich at the expense of the Tatar people, talents flowed like a river. The Kurakin princes appeared in Rus' under Ivan III, this family comes from Ondrej Kurak, who was the offspring of the Horde Khan Bulgak, the recognized ancestor of the Great Russian princes Kurakin and Golitsyn, as well as the noble family of the Bulgakovs. Chancellor Alexander Gorchakov, whose family descended from the Tatar ambassador Karach-Murza. The Dashkov nobles also came from the Horde. And the Saburovs, Mansurovs, Tarbeevs, Godunovs (from the Murza Chet, who left the Horde in 1330), the Glinskys (from Mamai), the Kolokoltsevs, the Talyzins (from the Murza Kuchuk Tagaldyzin)... A separate discussion is desirable about each clan - a lot, a lot they did for Russia. Every Russian patriot has heard about Admiral Ushakov, but only a few know that he is a Turk. This family descends from the Horde Khan Redeg. The Princes of Cherkassy descend from the Khan's family of Inal. “As a sign of citizenship,” it is written in their genealogy, “he sent his son Saltman and daughter Princess Maria to the sovereign, who was later married to Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, and Saltman was named Mikhail by baptism and granted a boyar status.”

But even from the named surnames it is clear that Tatar blood greatly influenced the gene pool of the Russian people A. Among the Russian nobility there are more than 120 known Tatar families. In the sixteenth century, Tatars predominated among the nobles. Even by the end of the nineteenth century in Russia there were approximately 70 thousand nobles with Tatar roots. This accounted for more than 5 percent of the total number of nobles throughout the Russian Empire.

Many Tatar nobility disappeared forever for their people. The genealogical books of the Russian nobility tell a good story about this: “General Armorial of the Noble Clans of the All-Russian Empire”, begun in 1797, or “History of the families of the Russian nobility”, or “Russian genealogical book”. Historical novels pale in comparison to them.

Yushkovs, Suvorovs, Apraksins (from Salakhmir), Davydovs, Yusupovs, Arakcheevs, Golenishchevs-Kutuzovs, Bibikovs, Chirikovs... The Chirikovs, for example, came from the family of Khan Berke, Batu’s brother. Polivanovs, Kochubeis, Kozakovs...

Kopylovs, Aksakovs (aksak means “lame”), Musins-Pushkins, Ogarkovs (the first to come from the Golden Horde in 1397 was Lev Ogar, “a man of great stature and a brave warrior”). The Baranovs... In their genealogy it is written as follows: “The ancestor of the Baranov family, Murza Zhdan, nicknamed Baran, and named after baptism Daniil, came in 1430 from Crimea.”

The Karaulovs, Ogarevs, Akhmatovs, Bakaevs, Gogol, Berdyaevs, Turgenevs... "The ancestor of the Turgenev family, Murza Lev Turgen, and at baptism called John, went to Grand Duke Vasily Ioannovich from the Golden Horde..." This family belonged to the aristocratic Horde tukhum , as well as the Ogarev family (their Russian ancestor is “Murza by honorable name Kutlamamet, nicknamed Ogar”).

Karamzins (from Kara-Murza, a Crimean), Almazovs (from Almazy, named after baptism Erifei, he came from the Horde in 1638), Urusovs, Tukhachevskys (their ancestor in Russia was Indris, a native of the Golden Horde), Kozhevnikovs (come from Murza Kozhaya, since 1509 in Rus'), Bykovs, Ievlevs, Kobyakovs, Shubins, Taneyevs, Shuklins, Timiryazevs (there was one Ibragim Timiryazev, who came to Rus' in 1408 from the Golden Horde).

Chaadaevs, Tarakanovs... but it will take a long time to continue. Dozens of so-called “Russian clans” were started by the Tatars.

The Moscow bureaucracy grew. Power was gathering in her hands; Moscow really did not have enough educated people. Is it any wonder that Tatars also became bearers of more than three hundred simple Russian surnames. In Russia, at least half of Russians are genetic Tatars.

In the 18th century, the rulers of Russia tailored the current ethnographic map, tailored it in their own way, as they wanted: entire provinces were recorded as “Slavs”. So Russia became the kind about which the Kipchak from the Tukhum (clan) Turgen said: “Russia is thousands of miles around.”

Then, in the 18th century - just two hundred years ago - the inhabitants of Tambov, Tula, Oryol, Ryazan, Bryansk, Voronezh, Saratov and other regions were called “Tatars”. This is the former population of the Golden Horde. Therefore, ancient cemeteries in Ryazan, Orel or Tula are still called Tatar.

Defenders of the Fatherland

Tatar warriors served Russia honestly. “Be not only the son of your father, but also be the son of your Fatherland,” says the Tatar folk proverb. The fact that Tatars and Russians have always opposed each other in religious terms is a myth invented by our common enemies. During the War of 1812, 28 Tatar-Bashkir regiments were formed in the Kazan province. It was these regiments, under the command of Kutuzov’s son-in-law, the Tatar prince Kudashev, an active participant in the Battle of Borodino, that terrified Napoleonic soldiers. The Tatar regiments, together with the Russian people, liberated the European peoples from the occupation of Napoleonic troops.

In the army, due to their national and religious characteristics, the Tatars were given a number of concessions, which were based on respect for the religion they professed. The Tatars were not given pork, were not subjected to corporal punishment, and were not drilled. In the navy, Russian sailors were given a glass of vodka, and the Tatars were given tea and sweets for the same amount. They were not forbidden to bathe several times a day, as is customary among Muslims before each prayer. Their colleagues were strictly forbidden to mock the Tatars and say bad things about Islam.

General characteristics of the Tatar people and population

It is not without reason that the Tatars are considered the most mobile of all known peoples. Fleeing crop failure in their native lands and in search of opportunities to establish trade, they quickly moved to the central regions of Russia, Siberia, the Far Eastern regions, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Donbass steppes. During Soviet times, this migration was especially active. Today, Tatars live in Poland and Romania, China and Finland, the USA and Australia, as well as in Latin America and Arab countries. Despite such territorial distribution, Tatars in each country try to unite into communities, carefully preserving their cultural values, language and traditions. Today, the total Tatar population is 6 million 790 thousand people, of which almost 5.5 million live on the territory of the Russian Federation.

The main language of the ethnic group is Tatar. There are three main dialectical directions in it - eastern (Siberian-Tatar), western (Mishar) and middle (Kazan-Tatar). The following subethnic groups are also distinguished: Astrakhan, Siberian, Tatar-Mishar, Ksimov, Kryashen, Perm, Polish-Lithuanian, Chepetsk, Teptya. Initially, the writing of the Tatar people was based on Arabic script. Over time, the Latin alphabet began to be used, and later the Cyrillic alphabet. The vast majority of Tatars adhere to the Muslim religion; they are called Sunni Muslims. There is also a small number of Orthodox Christians called Kryashens.

Features and traditions of Tatar culture

The Tatar people, like any other, have their own special traditions. So, for example, the wedding ceremony assumes that their parents have the right to negotiate the wedding of a young man and a girl, and the young people are simply informed. Before the wedding, the size of the bride price, which the groom pays to the bride's family, is discussed. Celebrations and feasts in honor of the newlyweds, as a rule, take place without them. To this day, it is generally accepted that it is unacceptable for the groom to enter the bride's parental home for permanent residence.

The Tatars have very strong cultural traditions, especially in terms of educating the younger generation from early childhood. The decisive word and power in the family belongs to the father, the head of the family. That is why girls are taught to be submissive to their husbands, and boys are taught to be able to dominate, but at the same time be very attentive and careful towards their spouse. Patriarchal traditions in families are stable to this day. Women, in turn, love to cook and revere Tatar cuisine, sweets and all kinds of pastries. A richly laid table for guests is considered a sign of honor and respect. The Tatars are known for their reverence and immense respect for their ancestors, as well as for older people.

Famous representatives of the Tatar people

In modern life, we hear quite a lot of people from this glorious people. For example, Rinat Akhmetov is a famous Ukrainian businessman, the richest Ukrainian citizen. The legendary producer Bari Alibasov, Russian actors Renata Litvinova, Chulpan Khamatova and Marat Basharov, and singer Alsou became famous in the world of show business. The famous poetess Bella Akhmadulina and rhythmic gymnast Alina Kabaeva also have Tatar roots on their father’s side and are honored figures of the Russian Federation. One cannot help but recall the first racket of the world – Marat Safin.

The Tatar people are a nation with its own traditions, national language and cultural values, which are closely connected with the history of others and beyond. This is a nation with a special character and tolerance, which has never initiated conflicts on ethnic, religious or political grounds.

Tatarstan is one of the most beautiful independent republics within Russia. On the territory of the republic there are more than 200 interesting places for tourists that should definitely be visited. The virgin nature of the republic and the folk color of the local population are amazing.

Ethnic Tatars honor their traditions and are happy to tell visiting guests about them.

It is especially worth noting that Tatarstan is the place with which the lives of many famous people of Russia are connected.

Memorial complex M.I. Tsvetaeva in Elabuga

Several places in the city are associated with the name of Marina Ivanovna. Among them is the house where she lived her last days, combined into a memorial complex with the Portomoynya laundry museum, located in the building of a former laundry, where she went to get spring water (known from the words of M.I. Tsvetaeva’s contemporaries) and a grave at the Peter and Paul Elabuga cemetery with a monument.

Location: Malaya Pokrovskaya street - 20.

House-Museum of I.I. Shishkin at home in Yelabuga

It was in this house, where the museum is located, that the famous Russian artist I.I. was born and spent his youth. Shishkin.

From this house he went to study at a gymnasium in the city of Kazan, and then, without graduating, to the school of painting, sculpture and architecture in Moscow.

At the beginning of the 6th years of the 20th century, a memorial museum of his works was created in his father’s house in Yelabuga, where you can see an exhibition of the artist’s best paintings.

While in the house, the guest feels the unique energy of the author. The furnishings of that time have been restored almost authentically in the rooms and halls. The artist's studio is a must see. By visiting this museum, you will definitely receive indescribable aesthetic pleasure.

Location: Naberezhnaya street - 12.

In 1991, near the artist’s house-museum, a monument to him was erected depicting I.I. Shishkina in full height. The monument closes the Toyminskaya embankment leading to the Shishkinsky ponds in Yelabuga.

A granite monument reflecting the inner world of the legendary man was installed opposite the hotel where V.S. stayed during his tour. Vysotsky.

The monument represents a guitar turning into a bell. This is the work of local sculptor Vladimir Nesterenko, a passionate admirer of V.S. Vysotsky.

It turned out that this is one of the best monuments of the entire creative heritage of the national songwriter, the unsurpassed Hamlet of the 20th century, V.S. Vysotsky.

Location: intersection of Komsomolskaya embankment and Gidrostroiteley street.

The main attraction not only of the capital, but of the entire Tatarstan. It is on this territory that memorable places are combined, demonstrating the flavor of two peoples (Russians and Tatars) and their cultural traditions.

The Tatars have a folk wisdom that says: “Whoever does not know the history of their ancestors does not feel the taste of life.” It is safe to say that these words were spoken specifically about the ancient settlement.

It is here that the spirit of the Tatar people is fully felt. In this place there was one of the first settlements of nomadic Tatars.

Now you can see sights that tell in detail about the life of the people from the day of its inception to our time.

The famous Russian artist of tragic fate and endless talent was from Tatarstan. This was probably the prerequisite for choosing a place to open his museum-gallery.

Collected in an art gallery more than 400 works by the artist made by him in different styles.

The positive energy that reigns here fills anyone who decides to look at the paintings from the very entrance to the museum. It seems that time slows down here. The coloring of the paintings very clearly conveys the mood and thoughts of the author.

The surprising thing is that even after the death of Konstantin Vasiliev, his works radiate warmth and life. The core of the collection consists of personal collections of the artist’s relatives, friends and colleagues.

Location: Kazan, Bauman street - 29.

A memorial house of the great writer was opened in Chistopol. He spent two years of his “war period” there. In memory of him, a museum was organized throughout the entire area of ​​the house where he lived. The items on display are authentic, brought from different places of residence of B.L. Pasternak.

It is worth noting that his family rented only one room in this house. The museum tells about the writer’s childhood and youth. The hall deserves special attention. Where the time and stages of the creation of the great novel “Doctor Zhivago” are told.

When in Chistopol, you should definitely visit this house and feel the energy of the writer’s parental family.

Location: Lenin street - 81.

In the vicinity of Chistopol there is a memorial museum of the Tatar writer G. Iskhaki. In this museum you can get acquainted not only with the work of the playwright and publicist, but also with the history of his ancestral village. You can also get an idea of ​​the way of life of the Tatar people at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries.

It was in this house, in the old days, that the best confectionery and grocery store were located. For a long time, the home of the richest man in the city was the place where the best sweets were sold. The architecture of the house attracts the attention of tourists. Now on its first floor you can buy souvenirs with the symbols of the city.

Location: Chistopol, K. Marx street - 31.

In any city there is a place where newlyweds leave symbolic keys or locks to their hearts. There is a similar place in quiet Almetyevsk.

Newlyweds of the city perform this tradition at the beginning of a cascade of ponds located in the city center. The history of this place, fascinating to the eye, begins from the moment when an initiative group consisting of employees of an oil company decided to improve the wetlands of the city.

The first ponds were landscaped in 2003. In parallel with the work on the ponds, a recreation area for the townspeople was being formed.

Today here you can see a large cascade of ponds along the banks, with bridges, bicycle paths, benches and so on.

The main mosque of Tatarstan and the city of Kazan is considered one of the largest. It was built according to a special project "revival of the mosque". It can accommodate more than one and a half thousand people. The square in front of it accommodates about ten thousand people.

The interior of the mosque is richly decorated: there are Iranian carpets, a unique Czech chandelier made of natural crystal, and many stained glass windows. You should also pay attention to items for service. There are two viewing balconies from which excursions are usually conducted.

Location: Sheinkman Avenue.

On the square in front of the Kazan Kremlin there is a monument to the Tatar poet, glorifying his people, Musa Jalil.

The poet began to be honored in his homeland many years after his death. Only a few notebooks with his talented poems have survived. The monument was erected in the year of its 60th anniversary, which fell in 1966.

The Bugulma Theater traces its history back to the end of the 18th century. For the first three decades it was an amateur theater or circle.

During the war years it was led by N.A. Olshevskaya (mother of A.V. Batalov). It was here that Alexey Vladimirovich began his artistic career while still a teenager. Subsequently, the theater was named after A.V. Batalova.

A cozy small hall and a talented troupe of young artists make you want to watch all the performances here.

Location: Lenin street - 28.

It was here, in the city of Bugulma, during the civil war that the Czech writer Jaroslav Hasek served as an assistant in the commandant’s office.

Today here you can see his literary heritage: collected works in different languages, many collections of stories and their reprints, archival documentation of the writer.

The museum occupies the entire building of the former commandant's office and includes three halls and... a memorial room with items that may have belonged to the writer and his contemporaries.

Location: Sovetskaya street - 67.

The monument is installed on the Bagulma platform. The composition is rotated so that one side points to Prague, and the other to Moscow. Mention of the soldier Schweik can be found in the work of the same name by J. Hasek.

A favorite walking place for locals. The park has very good children's infrastructure. The benches belonging to the recreation area are cleverly located in the shade. There is also a beautiful fountain with a variety of educational figures.

FAMOUS AND PROMINENT TATARS

If there is someone missing from this list, pleasebe sure to write to us

Society and politics

Akchura Yusuf, advisor to Turkish President Mustafa Kemal Pasha Ataturk, author of the idea of ​​pan-Turkism
Sadri Maksudi - President of the Tatar Republic "Idel-Ural"
Mulyukov Marat - Founder and first chairman of the All-Tatar Public Center
Shaimiev Mintimer, President of the Republic of Tatarstan

The science

Fakhretdin Rizaetdin, Tatar theologian, scientist, historian, philosopher
Akchurin Rinat, cardiac surgeon, professor of medical sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
Akhtamzyan Abdulkhan, academician, historian
Valiev Kamil, academician-physicist
Mirzayanov Vil, chemist
Sagdeev Roald, physical chemist
Sunyaev Rashid, academician, astrophysicist
Iskhakov Damir, academician of the ASRT, historian

Vooralready strengthened forces

Ulu-Muhammad, the founder of the Kazan Khanate, the greatest military leader, defeated a 30,000-strong Russian army with 3,000 lancers.
Ibrahim, Khan of Kazan, defeated numerous Moscow troops in the famous river battle on the Volga in 1467. Possibly the only major river battle between Russians and Kazan Tatars
Muhammad-Emin, Khan of Kazan. He repeatedly defeated the Russian troops (the most famous battle was in 1508, when 30,000 Kazan citizens destroyed the 200,000 Russian army marauding under the walls of Kazan).
Safa-Girey, an outstanding military leader, organizer of a successful defense against Russian aggression
Chapkun Otuchev, Murza, hero of the defense of Kazan in 1552
Yapancha-bek, prince, hero of the defense of Kazan in 1552
Mamysh-Birde, centurion, Murza, organizer of resistance to the Russians in 1552-1556 (executed in Moscow)
Kul-Sharif, imam, hero of the defense of Kazan in 1552
Batyrsha (Gabdulla Galiev), hero of the Tatar people, publicist, Muslim leader
Divlet-girey, Crimean Khan
Kirisha Minibaev (Kuzma Minin)
Bakhtiyar Kankaev, associate of E.I. Pugachev in the Peasant War of 1773-1775, commander-in-chief of the rebels
Mukhamedyanov Shakiryan (Alexander Matrosov), Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously
Zagitov Gaziy, the hero who was the first to hoist the banner of victory over the Reichstag of Nazi Germany
Safiullin Ghani, Hero of the Soviet Union
Salikhov Midhat, Hero of the Soviet Union
Salikhov Gataulla, Hero of the Soviet Union
Sultan Amet-Khan, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union
Abdershin Alimkai, Hero of the Soviet Union
Akchurin Rasim, Colonel General
Balyaev Asim, Hero of the Soviet Union
Bichurin Amir, rear admiral
Gareev Makhmut, Army General
Iskanderov Mars, vice admiral
Lyapin Z.G., rear admiral
Churakov Fatih, Heroes of the Soviet Union, Colonel General
Yagudin Kerim, Hero of the Soviet Union

Art

Literature

Kul Gali, Bulgarian poet, he owns the most ancient literary monument - the poem "The Tale of Yusuf", written in 1236
M. Sarai-Gulistani (XIV century)
M. Muhammadyar (1496/97-1552)
G. Utyz-Imyan (1754-1834)
Shackled Gabdelzhabbar (1797-1860)
Ahmet Erikey, poet
Ishaki Gayaz, writer
Mahmut Gabdel, writer
Minnullin Tufan, Tatar playwright and public figure
Mustai Karim
Najmi Nazar
Ismail Bey Gaspar-Oly (Gasprinsky), public and political figure, linguist, teacher and publisher
Hadi Zakir, writer
Akhmet Sattar, poet, diploma winner of the V. Vysotsky poetry competition
Musa Jalil, poet and patriot, Hero of the Soviet Union
Gabdulla Tukay, classic writer of Tatar literature. Another page
Akhmadulina Bella, poetess
Sibgat Hakim, People's Poet of Tatarstan
Fatih Amirkhan (1886-1926), Tatar writer, publicist and educator. Founder of the newspaper "El-Islah" ("Reform", 1907-09). The story "The Tatar Girl" (1909), stories.
Hadi Taktash
Gafuri Mazhit, poet, writer, playwright
Hasan Tufan, writer
Isanbet Naki, Tatar writer, Honored Artist of Russia
Kavi Najmi, writer
Absalyamov Abdurakhman, writer
Khairullin Ildar, poet and composer
Bukharaev Ravil, writer, poet, journalist
Ibragimov Galimdzhan, writer, scientist, publicist

Theatre, Cinema, Performing arts

Kamal Galiaskar, playwright, founder of Tatar drama, “father” of the Tatar theater, his name was given to the Tatar State Academic Theater, with which his whole life and work was connected
Tinchurin Karim, playwright, artist, director, theater worker, People's Artist of Tatarstan
Shamukov Gabdulla, actor, writer, People's Artist of Russia, People's Artist of Tatarstan, Honored Artist of Bashkortostan
Abjalilov Khalil
Kariev Abdulla
Zeinyasheva Gelshat, poetess, author of lyrics of popular songs
Fakhrutdinov Anvar - Honored Artist of the RSFSR, BASSR and People's Artist of the BASSR
Garay Barkhyat, king of humor and laughter
Khasanov Ilyas, pantomime master
Seiful-Mulyukov Eldar, actor
Shakurov Sergey, theater and film artist, People's Artist of Russia
Salimzhanov Marcel, director, People's Artist of the USSR
Sabirov Rashit - People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan, master of artistic expression and sparkling miniaturist
Khamatova Chulpan, theater and film artist
Basharov Marat, actor
Litvinova Renata, actress
Alibasov Bari, producer, head of the musical show group “Na-Na”

Ballet, Dancing

Mukhamedov Irek, ballet dancer, choreographer
Nureyev Rudolf, ballet dancer, choreographer, conductor
Lilia Sabitova, ballerina, People's Artist of the Russian Federation
Khairullina Firdaus, artist of the Tatar theater, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation

Stage

Asadullin Albert, singer
Bigicheva Khalidya, soloist of the group “Izge Ay”
Bilalov Zufar, singer, Honored Artist of Tatarstan
Galimov Aidar, singer, Honored Artist of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan
Gainullin Aidar, singer, accordion player, multiple winner of international accordion competitions, winner of the world cup accordion class in 2001 (London), Musical director of the Moscow Tatar Vocal-Instrumental Ensemble "Bakhet"
Ibragimov Renat, singer, People's Artist of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan
Kyyamov Elfis, singer, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan
Nabiev Nail, singer, laureate of the All-Union festival "Songs of Friendship-91", leader of the Moscow Tatar Vocal-Instrumental Ensemble "Bakhet"
Razakova Malika, young and beautiful Star of Tatarstan
Sakhabieva-Bigicheva Zukhra, singer, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan
Fatekhova Nailya - Honored Artist of Russia and Tatarstan
Fatkhutdinov Salavat, People's Artist of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan
Khabibullina Rosa - Honored Artist of Tatarstan
Khamitova Liliya - singer, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan
Chanyshev Marat - performer (vocalist of the groups "Prime Minister", "PM")
Sharibzhanov Renat - author, performer, bass guitarist of the group "Dune"
Shigapov Ildar - singer, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation
Shigapova Dinara - vocalist of the music group "Strelki"

Classic

Rustem Abyazov, founder, director and chief conductor of the Kazan State Chamber Orchestra "La Primavera"
Alfiya Avzalova, People's Artist of Tatarstan, Honored Artist of Russia
Bigichev Khaidar, opera singer, soloist of the Tatar Academic Opera and Ballet Theater named after M. Jalil
Gubaidullina Sofia - an outstanding composer
Zhiganov Nazib - an outstanding composer
Zalyaletdinov Emil - singer, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan
Ibushev Georgy - singer, People's Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan
Kudasheva Farida, pop singer. People's Artist of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan, Honored Artist of the RSFSR
Mansurov Fuat, conductor of the Bolshoi Theater of the Russian Federation
Sadykova Sara - an outstanding composer, author of music and popular songs
Saidashev Salikh - an outstanding Tatar composer and conductor
Sungatullina Zilya, opera singer
Hamidi Latif - composer
Shagimardanov Rustem - conductor, musician, laureate of all-Russian and international competitions
Shakirov Ilgam, singer, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, People's Artist of Tatarstan
Shamsutdinova Masguda - an outstanding composer Yarullin Farid - an outstanding composer
Yakhin Rustem - outstanding composer

Rock music

Alkara Batu, singer, musician and founder of the Tatar group “Bashkarma” in Finland, here you can download their songs
Alyautdinov Rustam, young poet and musician, leader of the musical group "Mnogotochie"
Bedretdin Deniz, musician and founder of the Tatar group “Bashkarma” in Finland, here you can download their songs
Ramazanova Zemfira, poetess and rock singer
Kamalova Zulya, singer
Yarullin Radik, singer and musician, Vocalist and sound engineer of the group “Aikai”, Keyboardist of the musical group “C_File”, DJ of the Tatar Youth Center “Ak Bars”
Renat Sharibdzhanov, bass guitarist of the group "Dune"

art

Urmanche Baki, outstanding master, artist-patriarch. Museum page of Baki Urmanche

A television

Seiful-Mulyukov Farid, political scientist, TV presenter of the International Panorama program
Zhandarev Ildar, TV presenter
Kamolov Anton, the most stylish TV presenter of 1999, the best TV presenter of 2001
Sadretdinova Dinara, host of the "Muslims" program on the RTR TV channel, the only Russian TV presenter in a hijab

Radio

Valiulin Rinat, host of the program “What’s Old?” on the radio station "Echo of Moscow"

Internet

Gamil Gibadullin, (Amil Nur) veteran of Tatar online journalism

Sport

Basketball

Avleev Ruslan
Khamitov Roman

Biathlon

Akhatova Albina - Olympic champion
Svetlana Ishmuratova, world champion in relay, silver medalist in individual races

Boxing

Chagaev Ruslan, world champion
Musa Musalaev, world champion
Gatin Faat, European champion

Khamatov Airat, world champion

Struggle

Safin Shazam, world champion in Greco-Roman wrestling
Samigullin Rashid, Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Tatarstan
Biktashev Habil, world champion in Judo
Magyarov Nakip, world champion in Sambo
Nurimanov Ramil, world champion in Kuresh

Volleyball

Fasakhov Nil, Olympic champion
Khusainova Guzel, best player of the Russian Championship 1999, best player of the European tournament of junior teams 2000, candidate master of sports in volleyball

Handball

Shabanova Rafiga, USSR champion and Olympic champion 1976. handball

Martial arts

Gilaev Airat, multiple world champion in belt wrestling
Kutdyusova Zulfiya, multiple world champion in boxing and kickboxing
Kutuev Rinat, three-time world champion in karate, twelve-time champion of Uzbekistan in karate, champion of Uzbekistan in kickboxing
Nurimanov Ramil, multiple world champion in belt wrestling
Sadriev Shamil, multiple world champion in belt wrestling

Skeet shooting

Zemfira Meftakhetdinova, Sydney 2000 Olympic champion, Athens 2004 bronze medalist, multiple world and European champion in skeet shooting

Athletics

Abzalilov Timur
Akhmetshin Ildar
Gallyamova Albina
Kashapov Ravil
Nazipov Mukhametkhamat
Nurutdinova Lilia
Samitova Gulnara
Sultanova Firaiya

Weightlifting

Timerzyanov E.A., Honored Trainer of the USSR

Tennis

Islanova Rauza, a wonderful tennis player, one of the top ten best players in the USSR. Mother of world champion Marat Safin.
Safin Marat, world champion
Safina Dinara, junior champion
Shamil Tarpishchev, President of the Russian Tennis Federation

Fencing

Gilyazova Nailya, multiple champion of the Russian Federation, Europe, the world and the Olympic Games in fencing

Football

Bilyaletdinov Diniyar, Lokomotiv-Moscow
Dasaev Rinat, goalkeeper No. 1 in the whole world in 1988, goalkeeper of the Spartak team
Izmailov Marat, winner of the Russian Cup 2000/01; silver medalist of the 2001 Russian Championship, attacking midfielder of the Russian national team "Lokomotiv" (Moscow), member of the 2002 World Cup football team
Nigmatullin Ruslan, goalkeeper of the Russian national team, KAMAZ (Naberezhnye Chelny); "Spartak Moscow); "Lokomotiv" (Moscow); "Verona" (Italy), member of the 2002 World Cup football team
Ilhan Mansiz, top scorer of the Istanbul club Besiktas, player of the Turkish national team
Khidiyatullin Vagiz, midfielder, teams: Spartak (Moscow), CSKA, USSR national team
Khusainov Galimzyan, Spartak (Moscow)

Hockey

Bilyaletdinov Zinetulla, defender, Dynamo team (Moscow), USSR national team, coach of the Dynamo team (Moscow)
Rafail Ishmatov, coach of the Russian Youth Team, coach of the Salavat Yulaev and SKA teams (St. Petersburg)
Rakhmatullin Ildar, world champion among youth teams
Khabibulin Nikolay, goalkeeper of the NHL club Tampa Bay Lightning and the Russian Olympic team
Shalimov Viktor, forward, team: Spartak (Moscow)

Gymnastics

Batyrshina Yana, World and European champion
Gizikova Zarina, World and European champion
Zaripova Amina, World and European champion
Kabaeva Alina, Olympic champion, multiple World and European champion
Utyasheva Laysan, World and European champion
Shugurova Galima, World and European champion

Motorsports

Kadyrov Gapdrakhman, 1st European and world champion in motorcycle ice racing. The only 6-time world champion in motorcycle ice racing in the USSR, European champion, USSR champion, 3-time USSR champion in team racing, Honored Master of Sports in motorsports

Chess

Bareev Evgeniy, one of the leading grandmasters in the world
Kamsky Gata, world chess champion
Alisa Gallyamova, world chess champion
Dautov Rustem, one of the leading chess players in Germany
Nezhmetdinov Rashid, Russian champion in chess and checkers
Sakaev Konstantin, grandmaster
Yusupov Arthur, one of the strongest chess players in the world, a contender for the championship title in the 80s of the 20th century

Extreme conditions

Ziganshin Askhat, hero-sailor
Khairullin Gazinur, Hero of the Russian Federation

Islam

Alyautdinov Shamil - imam-khatib of the Moscow Memorial Mosque
Barudi Galimdzhan ibn Muhammadzhan (1857-1921) – theologian, murid of the last Sufi sheikh of the Volga-Ural region Zainulla Rasulev
Bigeev Musa, philosopher, theologian, public figure and publicist
Gainutdin Ravil, Chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia, Chairman of the Presidium of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Central European Region of Russia
Marjani Shigabutdin, Tatar theologian
Mustafin Akhmetzyan, imam of the Moscow Cathedral Mosque
Faizkhanov Gabdelgallyam, Tatar educator, theologian, philosopher, publicist, author of the first Tatar grammar, laid the foundations of economic theory among the Tatars
Faizkhanov Khusain, Tatar educator, theologian, philosopher, publicist, ideologist of all-Russian citizenship