How to open a cookie production shop. Business plan for the production of cookies. Capital Cost Sheet
Reading time: 10 minutesA business idea for baking homemade cookies is rare today, because such a product is rarely seen on store shelves. Organizing a cookie business at home is not difficult; even if you have minimal start-up capital, you can always start from the bottom and rise to the top of the homemade cookie business.
Starting a Homemade Cookie Business
Home-based cookie business ideas suitable for girls and women. Many mothers on maternity leave can start producing cookies at home, as well as families, if it is in their interests to create a family business.
There are several options for starting a homemade cookie baking business. You can start with any of the methods for creating homemade cookies and the business can develop in the future.
You have a minimum starting capital
Starting capital: 3 - 15 thousand rubles;
Monthly profit: 3 - 5 thousand rubles;
Payback: 1 - 3 months.
In such conditions, it will be enough to simply select several types of cookies and start a business. The equipment is usually minimal: cookie cutters and baking equipment - various types of ovens. It is also necessary to purchase raw materials at wholesale prices. The product must be fresh - this is important when starting any home production. Find recipes and start baking.
Such a modest-sized home business does not require registration. When the business begins to gain momentum and actively develop, only then will registration be necessary.
To avoid creating an illegal business, the product is sold in the most usual way: from home to friends and neighbors and sold to stores. It will be easier to reach an agreement with neighbors - good relations and a quality product will allow you to constantly sell cookies. When it comes to stores, not every grocery store owner wants to deal with an unknown person who owns a cookie business from home. However, with mastery of communication and negotiation techniques, most of the owners of such points can be persuaded. Store owners will throw in their 20-30% and start selling your cookies.
Business cookies at home with registration
Starting capital: 10 - 20 thousand rubles;
Monthly profit: 5 - 15 thousand rubles;
Payback: 1 - 2 months.
There are several differences from the first method of creating a business. You will register your business, it will become official, and from this function you will receive several advantages that will contribute to greater benefits. But to create a business like this for making cookies at home, you will need a little more money and activity.
The second difference between an official business is that you can create your own packaging, which will also act as advertising. This way, homemade cookies will gain status in the domestic market and, thanks to promotional packaging, you, having a low cost of the product with high, distinctive quality, will be able to get your regular customers and start word of mouth.
The packaging is created either in special factories - a wholesale batch is ordered. The cost will not be high. The advantage is that you can order original packaging exactly according to your template. It can be original both in color and shape. It must include the name of your production, address and other contacts.
The second way to create cookie packaging is to do it yourself. You buy cardboard boxes of the required size, A6-A7 format leaflets are printed with the same data, glued to the cardboard and packed in polyethylene with a special device.
You can start by making 1-2 types of cookies, the main thing is to make a name for the quality and taste of the cookies, and only then choose several more types of cookies, gradually expanding.
Another advantage is that it will be easier for you to negotiate with grocery stores, and you will be able to sell the product to many. You will receive the money immediately, without waiting for the cookies to sell.
The number of ways to advertise home production is also increasing. Can be sold in boxes of 1,2,3,4,5 kg. Moreover, for each added kilogram the cost of the product should be lower. For example: 1kg-200r.; 2kg-390r.; 3kg-570r. and so on. This will increase sales. Advertising in the newspaper and advertising sign at home will increase your customer base.
Creation of a large production
Starting capital: 30 - 70 thousand rubles;
Monthly profit: 20 - 60 thousand rubles;
Payback: 1 - 2 months.
The same applies to this method of starting a business as in the previous one, only the quantity of goods, as well as types, will be many times greater. You will have to invest more money in equipment, hire workers, specially equip the house for a small industrial building according to all the rules and work even more intensely.
It is better to make the packaging original and custom-made, so that there is less red tape, and customers recognize your product not only by the contents of the box, but also by its external features.
The product itself can also be given to stores, or a network can be developed throughout the city, district, or even beyond the borders of one’s region. This will require better advertising. First of all, you will need to create your own business website and place on it all the necessary information, both about your company and your product. You will need to create a business card with your details and a work phone number.
Clients can be contacted by mail, calls, or directly. With a high-quality website, business card and the right negotiations, you will definitely get large customers for your product and be able to organize large sales.
As for the website, its creation will cost several thousand rubles. A simple website with all the data will appeal to your customers.
Such a business requires the creation of a business plan. Each item must be outlined from investments to sales. It will also be important to write a small business development strategy, but this stage takes place some time after the successful launch of a business idea.
You can also open your own stall selling homemade cookies. In this case, there should be at least 5-6 types of cookies, and the product should always be fresh. It is important to choose the right location for your stall for big sales and advertise it correctly.
Creation of an individual product
Starting capital: 20 - 40 thousand rubles;
Monthly profit: 10 - 60 thousand rubles;
Payback: 1 - 2 months.
Here there are also differences from the previous way of creating a business, and they are significant.
The first thing is that a smaller amount will be required to create a product at the start, but the product must be original. This means that the recipe, shape, taste must be invented by you. This type of cookie will be copyrighted and if you manage to conquer the market, you will make big profits.
Remember all the cookie companies. They all started small. There is a guy in America who came up with his own jam recipe and became a millionaire; its product is produced by the tens of thousands daily and distributed throughout America. Even if the start is unsuccessful, you will gain experience, and the business will be at the first stage and will still make a profit.
- read the article Ways to promote a product
Secondly, these are ways to sell such a product. As mentioned above, with a successful start, the product can spread throughout the country and increase in production volumes.
Third, clients themselves will contact you through the website and other contacts. Well, the original packaging will be an excellent advertisement for cookies.
Business development strategy
You can start with the first two options, gradually expanding production, increasing the number of varieties of cookies, and expanding the scale of sales. Here the business matrix will be something like this:
1 year – sales from home, give for sale, try to create an original product.
Year 2 – registration, your own packaging, your own product, entering the market outside the city.
Year 3 – open a large production facility, a patent, your own name and a large scale.
If you think about the global market, it will seem unrealistic, but when home production starts from the grassroots, the customer base increases, sales increase, and with it profits, then a sharp jump is always possible. The main thing is to do business correctly, without the risk of losing everything. The right small business path will point you in the direction of where you want your business to go.
Combining business ideas
By choosing the second way to start a cookie business at home, you can open a mini bakery and make cakes, buns, sandwiches, etc. at home. Sales can be conducted by any means. The main thing is to register your production.
The home cookie business will be profitable in any case, regardless of whether you start from the bottom or from the top. This production can actively develop and increase its productivity, and it is also possible to combine with other similar products that can be made at home in your small home bakery.
In contact with
Something supernatural must happen for people to stop buying sweets, including cookies. The business will be profitable if you find distribution channels, arrange the production of relatively large batches using modern equipment and in compliance with the recipe.
According to statistics, flour confectionery products are firmly included in the group of products that are in constant demand among Russian consumers. Competition in this market segment can be considered moderate.
Basically, the market is occupied by small artisanal workshops with low productivity and high production costs. Based on these facts, the biscuit production business using modern equipment seems very promising. Let's consider a business plan for organizing the production of cookies with a capacity of up to 4 tons per shift.
Production technology
A detailed presentation of the cookie production technology is not included in our plans, so we will limit ourselves to listing its main stages:
- Preparation of raw materials and components.
- Kneading the dough.
- Cookie molding.
- Baking cookies.
- Cooling the cookies.
- Package.
Organization of product sales
The sale of food products with a short shelf life is characterized by territorial binding. In addition, high transport costs due to the low cost of the goods make transporting them over long distances economically unjustified.
Large and medium-sized cities have always had a lot of confectionery factories and cookie production workshops, so the emergence of another workshop producing inexpensive, high-quality loose cookies will in no way prevent it from becoming a sales leader in this segment.
Imports are poorly represented here (no more than 10-15%), which is explained by the specifics of the products.
Sales can be organized through:
- Wholesalers specializing in food products.
- Grocery chains at the regional and federal levels.
Production premises
The total area of the premises required for the production of cookies must be at least 250 square meters. m with a ceiling height of 3.2 m. The areas should include:
- Technological premises.
- Warehouses.
- Household premises and sanitary facilities for staff.
- The premises for production and other purposes must comply with SanPiN 2.3.4.551-96, with provision of water supply and sewerage, 380 V electricity supply, convenient transport access.
Staff
Let's consider the work of a workshop in one shift. We will present the number of personnel, professions and positions, official salaries or salaries of each and the monthly salary fund in total. The total number of personnel will be 15 people. Of them:
- Manager – 1 person. salary 35 thousand rubles, total: 35 thousand rubles.
- Production technologist – 1 person. salary 30 thousand rubles, total: 30 thousand rubles.
- Head of Sales Service – 1 person. salary 30 thousand rubles, total: 30 thousand rubles.
- Storekeeper – 1 person. salary 20 thousand rubles, total: 20 thousand rubles.
- Head of the workshop – 1 person. salary 25 thousand rubles, total: 25 thousand rubles.
- Workers – 6 people. salary 15 thousand rubles, total: 90 thousand rubles.
- Loaders – 4 people. salary 12 thousand rubles, total: 48 thousand rubles.
Total: 15 people, monthly salary fund 278 thousand rubles.
Capital Cost Sheet
Capital costs will include the cost of purchasing technological equipment for the production of cookies and the costs of its delivery, commissioning and commissioning, as well as working capital - costs of raw materials and some other costs.
There is currently no shortage of equipment. We have chosen an automatic biscuit production line with a capacity of up to 450 kg per hour, made in China.
Capital costs will be:
- Automatic line for the production of cookies - 13.5 million rubles;
- Transportation costs for delivery of the line – 1.35 million rubles;
- Installation and commissioning of the line – 1.0 million rubles;
- Turnover expenses (raw materials, advertising, etc.) – 3.5 million rubles.
Total: 19.35 million rubles.
Revenue from a biscuit production plant
The calculation of revenue will be made based on the conditions of the workshop working in one shift, the presence of a technological break and a lunch break, and a monthly workload of 22 shifts.
Based on the productivity of the equipment and the data provided, the monthly volume of cookies produced will be 79.2 tons. The cost of 1 ton of cookies wholesale starts from 42 thousand rubles. With a monthly output of 79.2 tons, the sales volume for the month will be 3,326,400 rubles.
Product cost calculation
To produce 1 ton of cookies, 1,200 kg of raw materials (flour, sugar, margarine, milk, etc.) are required. The daily consumption of raw materials is 4.28 tons, and at a cost of 17,700 rubles. per ton, the shift cost will be 75,827 rubles, respectively, for 22 shifts - 1,668,190 rubles.
Electricity costs per shift will be 9,492 rubles, for 22 shifts 284,760 rubles. The total cost of production will be: per shift - 85,319 rubles, per month - 1,952,950 rubles.
Total expenses for the month
- Salary – 278,000 rubles.
- Rental of premises – 200,000 rubles.
- Advertising expenses – 50,000 rubles.
- Transport costs – 100,000 rubles.
- Utility costs – 10,000 rubles.
- Accounting costs (outsourcing) – 25,000 rubles.
- Other expenses – 35,000 rubles.
Total: 698,000 rub.
- Profit calculation
- Sales – RUB 3,326,400.
- Cost – 1,852,950 rubles.
- Profit (gross) – RUB 1,373,450.
- Costs – 698,000 rubles.
- Profit (before tax) – RUB 675,450.
- Tax (15%) – RUB 101,318.
- Profit (net) – 574,133 rubles.
- Profitability – 17.3%
Payback
Capital investments amount to 19,350,000 rubles, net profit – 574,133 rubles. per month. The ratio of these values will give a payback period of about 34 months. The payback period can be significantly reduced by organizing the work of the workshop in 2-3 shifts.
Organizational and legal form of business. Taxation
The most common is individual entrepreneurship (IP) with a simplified taxation system (“income minus expenses”). The tax return under this system is submitted once a year in April.
List of taxes to be paid:
- Income tax – 15%
- – 32%
- Income tax – 13%
Your competitiveness
The most important component of your success. Do not expect to have a successful business if you are going to produce a “gray” standard range. If you set yourself the task of not only staying in the market, but also occupying your niche in it with the prospect of development, then the quality of the product should itself provide a competitive advantage.
And the point is not necessarily to expand the range: on the contrary, it can be reduced. Your products should be different from what is offered in stores in your city. And it can only differ for the better. This is the only key to your success!
Achieve better taste and quality. Every single type of cookie you make must be better than anything else already offered. The only way! Otherwise, there is no point in starting such a business.
Russian citizens, when thinking about what to buy for tea, in most cases opt for cookies. Any store has a fairly wide selection of cookies for every taste - from the simplest biscuits to the fancy form of kurabier with jam. Small and large packages of crunchy treats can be seen on shelves at the checkout counter, in the bakery, snack, dessert and even gift departments. People put cookies on their shopping list in advance or buy them spontaneously on their way to the checkout. It would seem that the production of cookies would be a profitable investment, but before drawing conclusions, you should carry out calculations and draw up a business plan.
Cookie production as a business
Since the production of cookies is related to the manufacture of food products, opening such a business cannot be called easy. Recipes, production workshop, equipment, medical examinations of workers - everything will be carefully checked by regulatory authorities - Rospotrebnadzor and the fire inspectorate.
From the moment the decision is made to organize the production of cookies until the date of the actual start of its preparation and sale, several months may pass - you will need to collect an impressive set of documents, issue permits, register the business, notify the supervisory authorities about the start of activity and wait for the workshop to be inspected for compliance with the standards established by law.
Home production
On the Internet you can find many business ideas that offer the organization of the production of cookies and jam at home. However, no matter how tempting it may sound, such a business will be illegal. Even if you are sure that there will be no complaints to higher authorities, that your kitchen is clean and that you are able to comply with all sanitary standards, you cannot sell food prepared in a private kitchen.
There is an opinion that you can issue a quality certificate or a certificate of conformity, after which the regulatory authorities will not be able to make claims against you. But this is not so - the production premises must comply with sanitary rules and legal requirements, and employees of Rospotrebnadzor and the fire inspectorate must be invited to inspect it. But by law, a workshop or store cannot be located in a residential building, with the exception of rare cases not related to food production.
No matter how clean your kitchen is, food production in a residential area is prohibited
The only thing you can do in this situation is to create a blog or page on social networks and sell your products there, warning buyers that your “company” has not been subject to any inspections, you have not done tests in specialized laboratories and have never paid taxes. Many people earn good money this way, but, of course, this cannot be considered a full-fledged business, and the profit here will be very small. But the costs will also be minimal - you can bake cookies to order with prepayment using the appliances and equipment you have in your kitchen.
Workshop organization
Equipping a cookie production workshop, despite its apparent simplicity, requires large costs for rent and equipment, studying sanitary standards, inviting specialists from supervisory services and waiting for approval of recipes and production technologies.
Choose your supplier responsibly - ask for quality certificates. Before organizing a stock warehouse and purchasing auxiliary equipment, study the requirements of SNiP and SanPiN - this will help you avoid conflicts with supervisory authorities and not redo once-established production.
If possible, carry out repairs of the future workshop - comprehensive or cosmetic (depending on the condition of the premises). Check in advance that the number of premises is sufficient to zone the workshop into a production facility, warehouse, or technical premises. The delimitation of zones by partitions is unacceptable.
Features of the cookie manufacturing business
The production of cookies is deservedly considered a promising direction - all the studies of statisticians speak about this. According to their data, every second buyer buys at least one package of cookies every time he goes grocery shopping. Unlike cakes, pastries and other cream products, cookies have a long shelf life, which means that business losses will not be as large. Also, this type of production is not seasonal, which means demand will remain stable throughout the year.
The main disadvantage of the biscuit production business is the high level of competition, but even here there is something to take advantage of to organize a successful business - industry leaders continue to use outdated models of equipment and product recipes that are boring to consumers, while a beginner has a chance to equip a modern production line and come up with new versions of their favorite ones all types of cookies.
Video: how to start a cookie production
Business plan for the production of cookies
The advantage of the cookie business is that even a small start-up company can achieve success, despite the proximity of confectionery giants in the market. The main thing is a competent, thoughtful approach to business, which becomes possible only after developing a business plan.
Before taking any action, draw up a detailed production business plan - this will save you from unjustified costs
Pay special attention to consumer research - find out how many pensioners, students, couples with children are in your city (usually the official websites of the Administrations of territorial entities have at least some statistical information), because everyone has different tastes and financial capabilities.
Before you start concluding contracts with stores and selling cookies, make your business legal - register your activities and register as a taxpayer. At the time of contacting the tax authorities, you must resolve the following issues:
Finally, at the time of completing the documents and starting production, you must:
Do not neglect any of the issues listed above - the fate of the business and the rate of return on investment will depend on the decision you make.
Statistics of the Russian cookie market
Every year, large industries and small firms produce more than 900 tons of cookies on the Russian market. At the same time, the demand for this product is steadily growing by 5–7% annually - such dynamics are considered quite restrained, however, it is worth noting the stability of growth in consumption of the product. The highest rates are observed in large cities - the larger the settlement, the more and more often its residents buy cookies.
In Russia, the demand for cookies is increasing every year
According to research by statisticians, each Russian eats on average 4.5 kg of cookies per year, and residents throughout Russia consume more than 650 tons of the product annually.
As for the preferences of the Russian buyer, he remains conservative in this regard - the current structure of demand is not much different from Soviet times.
According to Workline Group research, the most commonly purchased cookies are oatmeal (market share - 18.6%) and sugar cookies (18.3% of sales). Crackers, kurabye with jam and dry cookies like “Maria” are also considered popular.
Business registration and required documents
A business must be registered, especially for food production - if it is discovered that you are manufacturing and selling cookies without the appropriate permits, you will not only pay a fine, but may also face criminal liability. This happens to those whose products contributed to the occurrence of food poisoning and intestinal infections in the consumer.
You can choose one of two organizational and legal forms of running your own business - individual entrepreneurship or a legal entity. You have the right to choose any type of commercial legal entity, but the most popular for such a business has been and remains a limited liability company.
Despite the fact that opening an individual entrepreneur is considered a simpler way to organize a business compared to an LLC and is characterized by lower tax rates, simplified document flow, smaller fines, low registration costs and no need to hire a full-time accountant, an LLC is more suitable for the production of cookies.
To open a cookie production workshop, it is preferable to register a legal entity
The fact is that large retail chains, hypermarkets, confectionery shops and restaurants prefer to enter into contracts with legal entities, since they bear more responsibility to regulatory authorities, are more reliable partners and, finally, in cooperation with LLC companies can receive VAT tax deductions , while working with individual entrepreneurs carries a certain risk.
Having spent a lot on renting a workshop, purchasing equipment and obtaining permits, do not skimp on registering a business - despite the complexity of organizing a company in the form of a legal entity, you will receive a lot of advantages and be able to attract more clients.
As for the documents necessary for the functioning of a business, the list of them is quite wide - and all papers must be located on the territory of the enterprise in case of an unexpected inspection by regulatory authorities. First of all, inspectors will pay attention to the presence of the following documents:
Many large companies that are ready to become your partner may require you to conduct laboratory tests and issue quality certificates for each type of product.
Selecting a room
It would seem that searching for premises for production will not take much time - you just need to look at the advertisements for renting a workshop of the required area. However, everything is not so simple, since cookies are a food product and strict requirements are imposed on compliance with sanitary standards. The production process, the workshop itself, maintaining cleanliness in it (disinfection, deratization, disinfestation), equipment and other aspects will be controlled by Rospotrebnadzor, which is authorized to close an enterprise that does not comply with all regulations.
For a small workshop for the production of cookies, it will be enough to rent a premises with an area of 150 sq.m., but launching a powerful production line will require the business owner to organize a workshop with an area of 250 sq.m. or more.
The workshop premises must meet the following requirements:
A cookie production workshop requires large premises
Check that the ceiling height is at least 3.5 meters and that there are convenient access roads for loading raw materials into the workshop. The best option would be to rent premises that have already been used for food production. You can even try to rent a workshop with some of the necessary equipment.
Recruitment
Before posting vacancies on the Internet and local newspapers, decide whether employees will work in one or two shifts (around the clock). It is recommended to start with small production speeds so that excess products do not have to be disposed of. For uninterrupted work within one shift, you will need to hire:
The following must also be hired on a permanent basis:
Employees need days off, they may get sick or quit, so multiply the number of employees by two - they will replace each other and work 2 days after 2.
Don’t skimp on employees - there should always be people ready to replace a sick or resigned employee
If you are registering an LLC, you will also need a staff accountant. If you have chosen an individual enterprise, you can use the services of an accountant as part of outsourcing.
Remember that food production obliges all employees, without exception, to undergo regular medical examinations, the completion of which will be marked in their personal medical records. The manager is responsible for this to the regulatory authorities, which means you will have to enter into an agreement with the center of medical commissions or monitor the completion of examinations on an individual basis.
Assortment compilation
Before deciding on a product range, it is necessary to conduct marketing research. Studying demand is critical because it varies by region. It is not so much the wide variety of types of cookies that is important, but rather the balance of the assortment, based on consumer requirements, because if one cookie is sold instantly, and another sits on the shelves until its expiration date, financial losses will cover the profit. But you shouldn’t limit yourself to one type of product either.
There are many types of cookies, since by changing the composition of the ingredients and manufacturing technology, you can get a dough that is varied in its properties. Depending on the dough, cookies can be classified into the following types:
When you decide on the types of cookies, think about the shape of the products, size, decorative finishing, additives, fillings.
Undoubtedly, many surveys and experiments have been conducted, but it is not enough to check the data and start producing the most popular cookies - this has long been done by experienced large enterprises that have gained the status of a leader in this area, and competition with them at the initial stage will ruin the business.
Be original - and customers will definitely notice your cookies on store shelves
The best thing to do would be to find an unfilled niche, stand out from the competition, develop a unique product and make a name for it. When the goal is achieved, people will pay attention to your other products and, perhaps, give it preference.
Today in Russia there are not many manufacturers of cookies enriched with vitamins, environmentally friendly products and low-calorie fitness cookies, but the demand for such types of products will be observed in cities with a young population, where girls watch their figure and eat right, and mothers tend to buy healthy breakfasts for your children. Therefore, the idea is not suitable, for example, for small villages from which young people have moved to big cities.
Remember, you don’t have to follow the example of large companies; on the contrary, you can produce cookies that are not currently available in the city. Or you can go the proven route, producing popular types of cookies, but at the same time present them in a new interpretation - change the shape, add original filling, make a convenient small package for a snack and a large, economical one - for tea drinking for the whole family.
Selection of production technology
Naturally, the technology for producing cookies will depend on what types of cookies you are going to produce. But the production stages will be similar in any case. It is best to develop the recipe together with a qualified technologist, since the production of cookies differs from home baking - it is important to strictly follow all stages of work, the sequence of actions and the quantity of ingredients. If there is a glitch, the customer will buy one cookie the first time, but the next time they will receive a different product than they expected to buy. In addition, hiring a technologist will speed up the approval of production by Rospotrebnadzor.
The production technology will depend on what types of cookies you decide to produce
Raw materials should also be purchased after the assortment is finally approved. Cookie dough is prepared from premium or first grade flour, fats, sugar, melange, egg powder, baking powder, starch. You can add flavorings, food coloring and other additives. Raisins, nuts, poppy seeds, sesame seeds, and dried apricots can also be added to the dough. Jams, marmalade, condensed milk, coconut flakes, colored sugar, cinnamon, and marzipan are suitable as fillings and for decorating products.
Cooking cookies can be divided into the following stages:
Market analysis and development of competitive strategy
The Russian market for the production of such confectionery products as cookies is characterized by an annual stable increase in demand and an increase in sales - in the last couple of years alone, cookie consumption has increased by 15%.
Competition among domestic cookie manufacturers is considered average, and local companies play a decisive role in the market, since transporting finished products to other cities will be unjustified due to the short shelf life of most varieties of cookies. Plus, transportation costs money, and the cost ends up increasing the cost of the cookies, making them too expensive compared to a locally produced product.
It is not profitable to transport cookies to other cities
When making the final decision to open a cookie production or abandon this venture, pay attention to competition in the region. If the city in which you are going to produce products is small, and there are at least three companies offering cookies for sale, you should think about another business.
Finding ways to sell finished products
Proven distribution channels include:
The best option is to open your own retail outlet with the prospect of further expansion into a network of mini-confectionery shops, however, organizing a store requires enormous costs, and therefore it is hardly accessible to beginners. However, over time you can think about this sales option.
The best option for selling cookies is opening your own outlet
You also need to decide in advance on how to sell cookies - the volume of production, assortment, and packaging depend on this. You can offer different ranges of products to different customers depending on their needs.
A good advertisement is the organization of retail sales at wholesale prices directly from the workshop premises - few people would refuse the freshest cookies without a store markup. However, remember that unauthorized entry into the production premises is prohibited by sanitary rules - cookies must be issued in a separate room or “through the window”.
If you decide to produce cookies at home, you can sell your product only in specialized trading venues, such as markets, fairs and exhibitions. Street trading on folding tables, at bus stops or by hand is prohibited. Opening an online store will require business registration, paperwork and the purchase of a specialized online cash register, so creating it for the purpose of selling home-made products is impractical.
Necessary equipment and materials
An important problem in the industry is the use of outdated equipment in cookie production, installed in enterprises since Soviet times.
Purchasing modern equipment will reduce production costs and reduce the price of cookies
Therefore, significant progress can be achieved through the purchase and use of modern equipment in the production process. The business owner will receive excellent product quality, high product manufacturing speed and the ability to hire fewer workers due to production automation, and cost savings will allow him to set a competitive price for cookies.
The set of equipment depends on which stages of production will be performed manually, and which using specialized equipment for food production. It is worth noting that in the end, maximum automation of production will be more profitable, since manual labor requires hiring a large staff, paying overtime and resolving issues with staff turnover. The initial investment in equipment will pay off many times over.
The minimum set of equipment includes:
In addition, it will be necessary to purchase washing baths, racks, shelves, washing equipment, lockers for workers’ belongings, chairs, production tables and small culinary utensils, such as knives and gastronomy containers.
If you plan to produce cookies coated with chocolate glaze, you will need an enrobing line, and devices are also commercially available for applying a certain dose of filling to the base of double cookies. Whatever equipment you decide to purchase, it is advisable to immediately invest in devices made in Italy or Germany. Domestic and Chinese stoves and machines will not last as long and will require regular repairs.
At the initial stage, it is recommended to purchase a production line that is not too powerful in case the business does not justify itself or if it is not possible to find a sufficient number of customers. In the future, if production is established, contracts for the supply of products are concluded, and there is not enough production capacity to fulfill all orders, you can think about development and new investments in more powerful equipment.
Video: automated cookie production
Financial plan for biscuit production
Below is an example of a financial plan for a cookie production plant. Remember that it is only a guideline for drawing up your own analysis, which will depend on the region where your enterprise is located, the taxation system you have chosen, the cost of raw materials from the supplier, the types of cookies baked, the choice of equipment seller, the cost of renting premises, and so on.
First of all, it is necessary to calculate the volume of initial investment in starting a business. Perhaps already at this stage you will understand that you are not able to invest that amount of money. When calculating the salary fund, rely on the average wages in the region where your enterprise is located.
Table: average wages of employees in a cookie production workshop
Table: Initial Costs to Start a Cookie Business
Table: monthly costs for maintaining a biscuit production workshop
Profitability calculation
A medium-capacity cookie production line is capable of producing 1.5 tons of product per shift, which gives 45 tons of product per month. According to statisticians, 1 ton of cookies is sold by domestic producers for an average of 40,000 rubles. This means that the revenue for one month of work will be 1,800,000 rubles.
Table: main financial indicators of the biscuit business
Let's say an entrepreneur pays taxes according to the simplified taxation system (rate 6%). If you do not take into account the possibility of tax deductions, the business owner will transfer 23,658 rubles per month to the tax service (6% of the profit). Then the net profit will be 370,642 rubles.
Cookie production is a profitable business
It turns out that in the best case, the initial investment will pay off in 9 months, but in practice the time frame is longer due to the need to find regular customers, the occurrence of unforeseen situations and the need to give customers time to notice the new product. Also, the level of profitability directly depends on the volume of initial costs for equipment - the more money is invested, the longer the costs will be reimbursed by transferring them to the cost of the finished product.
As the calculation results show, the biscuit production business is profitable and pays off in a fairly short time. The main problem is finding a direction of activity that would make the enterprise competitive - only quality, taste, attractive packaging and the unique appearance of the finished products can help the owner of such a business win the love of consumers and a place in the market among many similar large and small companies. If the entrepreneur manages to cope with this task, his products will occupy the shelves of more than one store and will increasingly appear on the tables of Russian families.
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The production of sugar cookies is an attractive investment. Despite the fairly high level of competition in the industry, there is a steady increase in demand, on average by 8-10% annually. When organizing production, it is necessary to come up with an original recipe in order to stand out from competitors. An automated cookie production line provides opportunities for improvisation with shape, additives, and filling. If the production of bakery or confectionery products has already been organized, the production of cookies will diversify the assortment, and it will also be possible to save on some production mechanisms.
Where to begin?
Before starting activities, you should consider some organizational issues:
- what types of cookies will be produced;
- study manufacturing technology;
- select equipment;
- select premises for a workshop;
- work out options for selling products;
- make preliminary calculations of production costs and profitability.
To begin with, it would be advisable to produce well-known types of cookies, the main advantage being high quality products. With high competition in the industry, consumers can be attracted either by low cost or quality.
It is ideal, of course, to combine these two indicators, but in no case should you reduce the price at the expense of quality. Using one technological line for the production of cookies, you can produce various types of cookies:
- sugar;
- biscuits;
- crackers;
- lingering.
The assortment can be diversified with different shapes, sizes, fillings, and additives. It is necessary to study the market, competitors’ products and choose new types of cookies or traditional ones, but in new interpretations.
Cookie making technology
Regardless of what types of cookies you choose and what their recipe is, the manufacturing technology is approximately the same and includes the following steps: 
The preparatory stage consists of weighing all the necessary ingredients according to the recipe and immersing them in the bowl of a dough mixing machine. The sequence of adding raw materials is determined by the manufacturing technology of each type of cookie.
There are two main types of dough - sand-removal and sand-jigging. Removable butter dough contains more sugar and fat, and turns out plastic. The main ingredients (flour, sugar, vegetable oil, water) are mixed for 10 minutes, then egg powder, condensed milk, vanillin are added according to the recipe and kneaded for another 15 minutes.
At the next stage, the dough is divided into portions for further rolling and shaping. If filling is provided, the next step is to add it.
Cookie forming machine Then the pieces are sent to the oven for baking; this process usually lasts 10-15 minutes. The finished cookies are cooled, glazed if necessary and sent to the packaging line.
Shortbread dough is prepared using a different technology - at the initial stage, margarine and sugar are mixed, the remaining ingredients are gradually added, and flour is added last. The mass turns out to be liquid, like sour cream; it is mixed in a mixer at high speed to saturate it with oxygen. The formation of blanks from such dough is carried out using syringes or pastry bags. To diversify the assortment, various shaped nozzles are used. The line for the production of sugar cookies has a special depositing machine, its functions include various configurations of products and the possibility of filling with filling. At the next stage, the blanks are sent to the oven at a temperature of 220 o C and the production process is completed. Finished products are cooled and packaged.
Production equipment
The following equipment is used to carry out the cookie manufacturing process:
- flour sifting device;
- dough mixing machine or mixer;
- bake;
- packaging machine.
The flour sifting unit is designed to remove impurities and metal particles from the composition, as well as fill the flour with oxygen. Characteristics:
- power – 1.1 kW;
- voltage – 380 V;
- productivity – 1250 kg/h;
- Hopper capacity – 120 kg;
- weight – 293 kg;
- cost – 50,000 rubles.
A dough mixing machine with a Z-shaped attachment is designed to combine all the ingredients into a homogeneous mass. Characteristics:
The dough depositing machine, as part of a cookie production line, is used in the production of such types of cookies as: chicken, oatmeal, eclairs, sticks, biscuit. Characteristics:
The baking installation consists of several baking modules, a feeding and receiving table, an exhaust system and a control panel. The baking modules are connected to each other by a moving conveyor that looks like a tunnel. Characteristics:
The packaging mechanism is used when finished products are packaged in shrink polyethylene film. Characteristics:
- power – 5.5 kW;
- voltage – 220 V;
- operating speed – 5 m/min;
- dimensions – 12000*750*630 mm;
- cost – 120,000 rubles.
With this configuration, you can buy a line for the production of cookies for 1,660,000 rubles. Additionally, you will need scales for raw materials, a sink, baking sheets, a thermometer, and knives, which will increase the cost of the line by about 100,000 rubles.
Production room
Cookie making workshop When preparing the premises, you should take into account the total length of the production line, as well as additional equipment - sinks, tables, refrigerators. A workshop of less than 100 m2 will be cramped; in addition, a warehouse for raw materials and finished products, an office space, and household rooms should be prepared. In the production workshop, it is necessary to ensure sanitary and hygienic conditions that meet all the requirements for safe production. To service an automated mini-line for the production of cookies, you will need three-phase sockets with voltages of 380 and 220 V, water supply, sewage, and ventilation. The workshop must be heated; it is better to use an air conditioning system.
Financial production plan
To organize activities for the production of cookies, capital investments will be required in equipment, preparation of premises, and purchase of vehicles.
- price of the cookie production line – 1,750,000 rubles;
- preparation of the premises - 100,000 rubles;
- transportation costs – 100,000 rubles;
- total – 1,950,000 rubles.
It is planned to produce 80 tons of cookies per month.
Product cost:
- raw materials – 2,400,000 rubles;
- salary – 100,000 rubles;
- rent and utility bills – 80,000 rubles;
- other organizational expenses – 50,000 rubles;
- total – 2,630,000 rubles.
The selling price of 1 ton of cookies is 40,000 rubles.
Revenue for the month will be 80 * 40,000 = 3,200,000 rubles.
Profit – 3,200,000 – 2,630,000 = 570,000 rubles.
If one third of the profit is attributed to covering capital investments, then the payback period will be 11 months. This is a fairly high figure, but in order to reach it, it is necessary to properly organize the sales of products and enter into agreements in advance with large wholesale companies and private distributors.
Video: Cookie production
In this material:
Making cookies is a good idea for starting your own business. Cookies are traditionally one of the most popular products on the Russian confectionery market. It is significantly ahead in terms of consumption of such product groups as gingerbread, cakes, and pastries. This fact allows such a business to guarantee stable demand and profit.
Before deciding to invest in a particular business, it is necessary to conduct a marketing analysis of the market and draw up a business plan.
Russian cookie market
On average, each Russian consumes about 4.5 kg of cookies. This means that every year the residents of our country eat 645-750 tons of cookies. Moreover, most of the demand comes from residents of large cities. According to the results of the research, it was possible to identify a pattern: the smaller the city, the less cookies they consume.
Annual market growth is quite moderate and amounts to about 5-7%, but there are opportunities for new manufacturers to enter.
Competition in the market is average. Local producers play a decisive role in the market. This is due to the fact that cookies have a limited shelf life, which makes it impractical to transport them over long distances. Plus, due to logistics costs, the cost of cookies in other regions may become uncompetitive with local producers.
The problem in the industry is the use of obsolete Soviet-era equipment. Organizing production on modern equipment will allow you to save on costs and occupy a significant market share.
There are many varieties of cookies. Marketing research will help you determine the optimal assortment. After all, demand characteristics may differ depending on the region. A balanced assortment that meets customer requirements is one of the components of success.
According to Workline Group research, the largest demand is for sugar cookies and oatmeal cookies. They account for about 18.3 and 18.6% in the sales structure. The leaders in terms of consumption include crackers, dry cookies (like “Maria”), and kurabiye (with jam). According to research, Russian consumers are very conservative, and the structure of demand remains virtually unchanged since Soviet times.
But this does not mean that you just need to start producing the most popular type of cookies and this automatically guarantees success. This statement is erroneous, since you will have to compete with recognized industry leaders (a novice entrepreneur may simply not have enough funds for this). Even the Russian giants of the confectionery business admit that they cannot do without innovation in this area and regularly update their assortment.
A beginning manufacturer needs to find its own unique unfilled niche in the market, which would allow it to compare favorably with its competitors. For example, you can focus your business on producing healthy cookies (for example, enriched with vitamins), fitness cookies (low-calorie), or environmentally friendly cookies (no dyes with natural ingredients).
Organization of cookie production
Equipment for the production of cookies requires special attention. In this business plan, the calculations are based on a production line from the Cityline company. It allows you to produce up to 450 kg of products in a fully automatic mode (from kneading dough to baking and cooling).
The cost of this line, which ensures the production of cookies, will be 13.5 million rubles. Another 10% (1.35 million rubles) will need to be spent on its delivery to the place. Installation of the line will cost 1 million rubles. We must not forget about the need to replenish working capital (for the purchase of raw materials, etc.) in the amount of 3.5 million rubles. The amount of capital costs will be 19.5 million rubles. .
The production of cookies will require a premises of 200 m². When choosing it, you should pay attention to the presence of a sewerage and water supply system, 380 V electricity, ceilings from 3.5 m, as well as convenient access for vehicles. The average cost of renting 1 m² of industrial use with similar characteristics will be 200 thousand rubles. per month.
To operate the production workshop, a total of 14 people will be required. These include the director, technologist, head of the sales department, production manager, storekeeper, 5 workers, 4 loaders. At the same time, accounting and logistics departments should be outsourced. The monthly salary fund will be 263 thousand rubles.
The production of cookies on this line per month will be 79.2 tons (per day - 3.6 tons). This is the minimum value indicated under the condition of working 22 shifts with breaks for lunch and maintenance required by law. By organizing work in several shifts, production volume can be increased.
With a wholesale price of a ton of cookies of 42 thousand rubles. the monthly revenue of the enterprise will be 3.326 million rubles. (42000*79.2)
Now it is necessary to estimate the cost of production. The main components of the cost of cookies will be flour, sugar, milk, margarine, and electricity. Replacement raw materials will cost 72.83 thousand rubles, electricity - another 9.5 thousand rubles. To produce 79.2 tons of cookies, you will need to spend 1953 thousand rubles.
In addition to rent (200 thousand rubles) and salaries (263 thousand rubles), the following monthly expenses will arise:
- advertising expenses (50 thousand rubles);
- transport (100 thousand rubles);
- accounting services (25 thousand rubles);
- utility bills (10 thousand rubles);
- other costs (50 thousand rubles).
The monthly expenses will be 698 thousand rubles.
Cookie production plan indicators
Based on the above, here are the basic indicators of a business plan for a cookie production workshop:
- initial costs - 19,500 thousand rubles;
- revenue - 3,326.4 thousand rubles;
- cost price - 1,952.9 thousand rubles;
- gross profit - 1373.5 thousand rubles;
- monthly total expenses - 698 thousand rubles;
- profit before tax - 675.45 thousand rubles;
- tax (USN-15%) - 101.38 thousand rubles;
Net profit will be 574.13 thousand rubles, and return on sales will be 17.26%.
Taking into account capital investments of 19.5 million rubles. cookie production will pay for itself in 34 months, which is a pretty good result.
This calculation is based on the assumption that investments in production will be made using own funds. When using bank loans, the payback period will increase due to the need to ensure payments on bank interest.
Setting up a cookie business
It is better to formalize production in the form of an LLC. This will make it easier to attract borrowed funds and allow you to count on help from investors in the future. Banks and investors treat individual entrepreneurs with distrust.
The choice of form of taxation depends on the organization of sales policy. The given amount of revenue will allow the company to apply the simplified tax system (according to the current tax legislation, the limit for its application is 79.74 million rubles).
But if an enterprise plans to supply products to large wholesalers, who then distribute it to stores in the region, then it often operates on a general basis and requires invoices with allocated VAT from its suppliers. Therefore, the use of simplification in this case will be unjustified and will lead to the loss of business partners.
If the enterprise has its own logistics system and it supplies directly to retail outlets, bypassing intermediaries, then it will be possible to apply a simplification. As a rule, small stores operate on the simplified tax system or UTII; they do not need invoices and VAT. The use of the simplified tax system will reduce the tax burden, since companies are exempt from paying VAT and pay a single tax at a rate of 6 or 15%, which is lower than the profit tax on OSNO in the amount of 20%. In relation to simplifiers, preferential rates apply in the field of salary taxes (monthly contributions to the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund).
Since the production of cookies has a fairly high expenditure component, it is better to choose the mode with the “income minus expenses” object. The rate on it is 15%, but in many regions benefits are applied to manufacturing companies. Paying 6% on revenue in the goods production industry is usually unprofitable.
The presence of an automated line and outsourcing of non-core services (accounting and logistics) will make the enterprise more cost-effective.
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