Climatic conditions in different parts of the country of Iran. Climate of Iran: its features and description by month. What to take with you

About 90% of Iranian territory is located in the western part of the Iranian plateau. Thus, Iran can be considered a mountainous country. Mountains occupy more than half of the country's territory. The northern mountain range starts from Mount Ararat on the Turkish border and includes the following mountain ranges and peaks:
Alamdar, Sahand, Sabalan, Talesh, Kaflankukh in Azerbaijan;
Alborz mountain range in the north of Tehran province and in the south of Gilan and Mazandaran provinces;
Mountains Aladag, Binalud, Hezar Masjed and Qaradag in Khorasan (this chain ends with the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan). The highest mountain in Iran is Damavand (5671 m).
Surrounding the south of Iran Persian Gulf shallow and has an area of ​​240 thousand square meters. kilometers. Through the Strait of Hormuz it provides access to the open ocean and thus has enormous economic and strategic importance for the country. There are numerous islands in the Persian Gulf, the most important of which are Qeshm, Lawan, Larak, Hormoz, Hengam, Bani Forour, Hendorabi, Khark, Sirri and Kish - the main beach resort of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Due to climatic restrictions, there are no large rivers in Iran, and due to the fact that the mountains cover the entire perimeter of the country, most of the water flows have an internal direction. In Iran we can distinguish four main water basins: Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea of ​​Oman and Lake Urmiye. The main rivers are Sefidrud, Kushefrud, Karun - the main navigable river.
Broadleaf forests They grow only on the northern slopes of Elborz up to an altitude of 2500 m. Oak, hornbeam, maple, beech, ironwood, elm, plane tree, ash, walnut and plum are found here. Subtropical forests extend along the coast of the Caspian Sea. The northern and central regions of Zagros are covered with bushland with a significant presence of oak. On the slopes of low mountains, steppe and desert vegetation predominate: perennial and annual grasses, wormwood, astragalus, saxaul, camel thorn, comb grass, saltwort and aristida. There is practically no vegetation on the central Iranian plateau. On the coast of the Persian Gulf there are mangroves.
From animals Iran is home to a variety of ungulates: goitered gazelle, ibex, Iranian fallow deer, urial mountain sheep, bearded goat, mouflon, kulan, common gazelle, wild boar. Predators include leopard, cheetah, jungle cat, manul, jackal, wolf, striped hyena, caracal, and less commonly - cheetah and mongoose. Brown and white-breasted bears also live in the mountains. The world of rodents and reptiles is diverse. From birds on the territory of Iran there are sandgrouse, partridges, houbara bustard, Caspian snowcock, tupach, gray francolin, chukar, buzzard, white stork, gray crane, little bustard, and on the coasts of the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf: flamingos, pelicans, waders, geese , ducks and marbled teal. The waters of the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf are full of valuable species of commercial fish.

Early spring (late March to early May) and autumn (early October to mid-November) are the best times to travel to Iran. This is true both for the Caspian Sea coast in the north and for the Persian Gulf coast in the south. Traveling in the off-season will allow you to avoid climatic extremes (heat, cold, humidity, etc.).

The central part of Iran is a high plateau 1000-1500 meters above sea level (Tehran, Tabriz, Shiraz, Isfahan). The climate here is continental: winters are cold and summers are hot. Snow in winter is by no means uncommon in Tehran and Isfahan, and snowfall is quite common in Tabriz. And at the beginning of June, hot weather sets in, but the air is dry and the nights bring relative freshness, at least in the north of the country. At the same time, in the summer there are often sandstorms, called the “wind of one hundred and twenty days,” because they blow from the beginning of June to the end of September without much interruption. This is especially true in the eastern regions of Iran.

Spring is the ideal season to visit the palaces of Isfahan and the lush gardens of Shiraz. During the day, as a rule, it is warm, and in early May it is even hot, but the nights remain cool, and in early April they are still downright cold.

The coast of the Caspian Sea is the only region of the country that does not lack moisture. Peak precipitation occurs in spring and autumn. Winter here is quite mild, but damp. In summer, the air is stuffy, and the sky is constantly overcast.

The Persian Gulf coast (Bandar Abbas) is quite warm in winter, but as soon as the temperature begins to rise rapidly in mid-March, the very high humidity turns the area into a living hell. It is better to completely avoid traveling here between June and September.

Cloth

In the off-season, summer clothing is suitable during the day (in the south it is better not to use synthetic fabrics), but you still need to take warm clothes, keeping in mind the coolness of the morning and evening. From December to February - winter or demi-season clothing. In summer, clothing should be fairly loose and light, but not so much as to shock the local Muslim population.

Dangers

From March to November there is a risk of malaria in low-lying areas, especially in the south of the country, on the Persian Gulf coast. During this same period there are many mosquitoes active at night.

The country of oriental fairy tales, mysterious Persia, has been called Iran for almost 90 years. The cradle of world civilization has left an incredible cultural heritage and beautiful architecture, and nature has endowed the country with a warm coastline. Iran is attracting more and more tourists today. They are not afraid of deserts, high mountains and extreme temperatures. The main thing is to know when to go, because the climate of Iran is very diverse, and the weather here depends on many factors, being very comfortable for travel.

Climate zones of Iran

And immediately, refuting the main myth: Iran is not Iraq, and “on the wrong side,” there is no war, armed conflict or terrorism in the country. There is even virtually no crime. Tourism here is just beginning to develop, and the local population welcomes travelers from other countries very warmly and hospitably.

Geographically, Iran is located in southwest Asia. It is washed by seas on both sides: Caspian in the north, and Indian Ocean (Persian and Oman Gulfs) - on South.

Prevails in Iran tropical desert climate .

Features by region:

• The north of Iran lies in subtropical climate thanks to air masses from the Caspian Sea.
• It's very hot in the south. High humidity in summer exacerbates extreme heat.
• Caspian lowland (northeast) – mild climate.
• Western Iran is in the mountains - snow falls in winter (at an altitude of about 2000 m the winter temperature is -2-10°C).

Iran is one of the oldest states on the planet. The famous Median kingdom previously existed on its territory (8-7 centuries BC). Summer reckoning is Islamic. March 21, 2018 marked the year 1397 in Iran.

Tourist seasons in Iran

In November-April the weather in Iran is “wet”. Most of the precipitation falls during this period.

You can travel to the Persian Gulf region all year round– the water is warm, the temperature is sharply above zero. But high humidity and high temperatures will not allow people with cardiovascular diseases or intolerant heat to rest comfortably.

High season– from April to June, another comfortable period is from September to November, when it is not very hot and there is no such strong humidity, there is no precipitation.

Available in Iran Damavand volcano . True, it is extinct and is the highest point of the Elburz mountain range. This is one of half a dozen volcanoes in the country. If you thought that Iran is just desert, then this is a common myth. Iran does have two salt deserts, but the country is mostly covered by mountain ranges.

What to take with you

The East is a delicate matter, especially when it concerns Iran. Here, like nowhere else, traditions are respected and a certain dress code is observed. Special clothing rules apply to women. Locals, following traditions, wear long clothes that necessarily cover the neck, wrists and ankles. The head should be covered with a scarf. The requirements for tourists are less severe, but they are strongly recommended to comply with general Iranian rules of decency. Be sure to wear a long skirt or jeans and avoid bare shoulders.The head must be covered, but not completely allowed; for tourists, symbolically covered hair will be enough. There can be no talk of any short skirts or topless tanning in Iran.

There are also restrictions for men - shorts and bare torso are not allowed.

For violating clothing standards, you can be fined - the country lives according to Sharia law, and no one should violate them.

The population of Iran is predominantly Persian. You can't call them Arabs.

So, to travel around Iran, put in your suitcase:

• Scarf, stole
• Light raincoat and jeans, cardigan, coat for autumn and spring
• Tunics for summer
• Long skirt, dresses

Color doesn't matter.

For winter, you need the same warm clothes as in your homeland, only if you do not visit the south - there is enough “spring-autumn” wardrobe there.

In the summer - everything that will help you not burn in the sun! For beaches - one-piece swimsuit.

On a note

Most of the tourists in Iran are from the UAE. Oddly enough, residents of the Emirates go to Iran to enjoy a beach holiday in comfort. The fact is that the UAE’s loyalty to visitors has “resulted” in the “Europeanization” of beaches, where both women and men can relax together. Therefore, especially religious Muslims choose a resort holiday in Iran, where old traditions operate.

Weather in Iran by month

January

In January, sub-zero temperatures are recorded in Iran in the north and northwest (down to -8°C), while in the central part up to +8°C. The water temperature in the bays of the Indian Ocean is +20+24°C, in the Caspian Sea the maximum is +7°C. Hours of precipitation in the form of rain or sleet.

The official Iranian calendar is called the Solar Hijri. It has an interesting chronology of the months of the year: the first six have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last is considered 29 days (30 days in a leap year).

February

It's warmer in February. Up to +14°C in the center of Iran. Sub-zero temperatures remain in the mountains. Precipitation levels are the same as in January.

As strange as it may sound, in a country where there is a desert, there are ski resorts! The oldest, discovered back in the 50s of the 20th century, is called Abu Ali. Two modern ones - Dizin and Shemshak - are located near Tehran.

March

July

In July the real heat begins - during the day it is rarely below +36°C, sometimes +38°C.

In summer, only those who have no problems with tolerating extreme heat and humidity should go to the south coast. For the rest, it’s better to come in spring and autumn. It is only cooler in the mountains - in July +25°C. There is almost no precipitation.

August

The average day temperature is about +36°C. In the Caspian Sea the water is +26°C, in the bays – up to 32°C.

In 2015, a record temperature was recorded in Iran - in the city of Bandar-Mahshahr, experts recorded +74°C! The water warmed up to +33°C. Such anomalous degrees were shown by Real Feel (“feels like”), but in fact, the thermometer columns showed just over +50°C. The city is located in the south of Iran, and intense heat is brought by air masses from the Persian Gulf, adding to the heat, also increasing the humidity to 90%.

September

September is a little less hot than August, but the temperature is almost the same. Sometimes it rains and there is hail in mountainous areas.

October

It gets sharply cold in October. During the day up to +22+25°C, large differences between day and night air temperatures. In mountainous areas there are even minus temperatures. The water temperature in the bays remains comfortable for swimming – up to +26°C.

Iran is the largest supplier of the spice saffron. It is worth its weight in gold, and you can see how these expensive flowers bloom by going on a “saffron” tour. Period – October-November.

November

During the day the average throughout the country is about +15°C. At the end of November, a chilly wind often blows and it begins to drizzle. It is comfortable to travel until the first half of November.

Visit Tehran. In the capital of Iran you can see how real sheikhs lived. You will be amazed by the luxury and magnificent architecture of the Golestan, Niyarawan and Saadabad palaces. Be sure to visit Persepolis - you will see the ruins on the site of the ancient capital of the Achamenid Empire.

December

Precipitation in the form of wet snow is not uncommon. At night – negative temperatures, during the day maximum +8°C, in the south – up to +15°C.

Weather in cities and resorts by month

Tehran

Esfahan

Mashhad

CLIMATE, WEATHER

Iran

Iran is a state in Asia with an area of ​​1.6 million km 2. Iran shares its land borders with Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest, Turkmenistan in the northeast, Pakistan and Afghanistan in the east, and Turkey and Iraq in the west. The northern coast of the country is washed by the Caspian Sea, and the southern by the Persian and Oman Gulfs. Iran is a mountainous area with two large salt deserts (Dasht-e-Lut and Dasht-e-Kavir) in the eastern and central parts. One sixth of the country's territory is occupied by deserts. Iran's main mountain range is the Zagros Mountains, which divide the country in half from northwest to southeast. Another mountain range - Alborz - runs along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea to the east. The Damavand volcanic peak is located at an altitude of 5670 m above sea level and is a leader among the other mountains of Iran. The central territory of the country consists of several closed basins, which are collectively called the Central Plateau. And the northwestern part of the country partly belongs to the Armenian Plateau. The climate of Iran is tropical desert, but on the coast of the Caspian Sea it becomes subtropical. In winter, the rainy season comes to the country. Iran's weather conditions attract tourists in spring (April-May) and autumn (October-November). A monthly weather calendar will help you learn more about the climate and choose a period for your holiday in Iran.

Weather in Iran in January

On average, temperatures in Iran range between +3°C at night and +8°C during the day. Lower temperatures are recorded in January in the north and north-west of the country, for example, in the city of Qom, where during the day the air warms up to -5°C and at night to -8°C. In coastal cities in the south of Iran and in the center, the temperature during daylight hours is +11°C, and at night +8°C. The waters of the Caspian Sea warm up to +7C, and in the bays up to +20°C...+24°C. In January, rain is expected in the country (snow in mountainous areas), and the precipitation level is recorded at 135 mm.

Weather in Iran in February

The air temperature rises closer to spring and reaches an average of +13°C during the day, and +5°C after sunset. At altitudes of 1500-2000 meters, average daytime temperatures range from -2°C...-4°C. Central and southern cities are again distinguished by warm average daily air temperatures of +10°C...+13°C. The precipitation level decreases to 120 mm. The water in the Caspian Sea warms up to +7C, and in the bays up to +20°C...+24°C.

Weather in Iran in March

In the central part of the country (Shiraz, Kerman, Isfahan) in March the average daily air temperature is expected to be +17C, in the south (Bandar Abass) +14°C...+18°C, and in mountainous areas (Tabriz) +10°C . The level of precipitation in March is declining - 110 mm. Precipitation in March occurs in the form of fog, rain with thunderstorms or hail. Sea water warms up to +8C during the day, and in the bays in the south of the country to +19°C...+23°C.

Weather in Iran in April

The average daily air temperature in the country is +20°C, but rises to +24C during the day and drops minimally to +9C at night. Along the coast of the Caspian Sea, during the day the air warms up to +23°C, and after sunset to +18°C. The water in the sea is +12 degrees, and in the bays +22°C...+26°C. In April it rains more often at night, with precipitation levels reaching 65 mm.

Weather in Iran in May

The average daily temperature across the country ranges from +21°C to +26°C. In the mountains during the day the air temperature rarely drops below +14°C, and in the flat areas it rises to +31°C (Kerman). On the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea, the water warms up to +18°C. In May there will be rain in places with thunderstorms and hail. Precipitation levels will reach 55 mm.

Weather in Iran in June

In the first month of summer, the range of daytime temperatures is +25°C (Kish, Qom) and +36°C (Shiraz, Kerman, Isfahan). The sea water temperature is comfortable for swimming and is +23°C. In the Persian Gulf the water warms up to +26°C, and in the Gulf of Oman +29°C. The amount of precipitation in April decreases to 40 mm per month.

Weather in Iran in July

On the Caspian coast of Iran, the daytime air temperature reaches +35°C (less often +38°C). At the foot of the mountains, the temperature during the day is +25°C, and at night drops to a minimum of +19°C. The water in the Caspian Sea under the daytime sun will warm up to +26°C. In the rest of the country, the temperature during the day is +30°C...+36°C, and at night +22°C...+29°C. Precipitation in July is extremely rare. Occasional short-term rains will bring up to 30 mm of precipitation per month.

Weather in Iran in August

Air masses in August warm up to the same temperature as in previous summer months. During daylight hours, thermometers will show +32°C...+36°C, and at night it will drop by 7-10 degrees. The water in the Caspian Sea warms up to +24°C...+28°C, and in the bays up to +30°C...+32°C. 70 mm of precipitation will fall in a month.

Weather in Iran in September

The air temperature in the country increases from north to south: +20°C (Qom) and +32°C (Shiraz). The water in the sea warms up to +24°C, in the bays up to +29°C…+32°C. With the arrival of autumn, the precipitation level increases sharply to 155 mm per month. In September, showers and thunderstorms are expected, and hail in mountainous regions.

Weather in Iran in October

This month, the sun will warm the low-lying areas of the country to a maximum of +22°C, while coastal cities will be warmer (up to +25°C). The water temperature in the Caspian Sea is +19°C. In mountainous areas there is a strong temperature difference: if during the day the air temperature reaches +10°C, then after sunset the thermometer drops to -3°C. Rain, thunderstorms and hail are expected throughout the month, and snow will cover the mountain peaks. Precipitation levels in October reach 215 mm.

Weather in Iran in November

In the central cities (Shiraz, Kerman, Isfahan) at the end of autumn the average daily air temperature is expected to be +13°C...+15°C, on the southern coast (Bandar Abass) +16°C...+18°C, and at the foot mountains +4°C…+8°C. The water in the Caspian Sea warms up to +14°C during the day, and in the bays to +26°C…+27°C. Precipitation levels in November drop to 185 mm.

Weather in Iran in December

Precipitation in the form of sleet is expected in the north and west. The average daytime air temperature in these areas varies +1°C...+8°C, and at night it is 5-7 degrees lower. In the mountains the temperature is -2°C during the day and -5°C at night. Along the southern coast, daytime temperatures are +10°C…+14°C. The water off the Caspian coast warms up to +12°C, and in the bays up to +22°C. Precipitation levels decrease to 155 mm.

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Most of Iran has a tropical desert climate. The subtropical climate type is characteristic only of the Caspian Sea coast.

In the mountainous regions of the country, the climate largely depends on the altitude above sea level. At altitudes from 1500 to 2000 meters, average daytime January temperatures range from -2 °C to -4 °C, and summer temperatures reach +35 °C. In the capital in winter, temperatures fluctuate around +10 °C, but in summer it can reach +37 °C.

In the center of the country in summer, temperatures often reach +40 °C in summer, and in winter range from +14 °C to +16 °C.

The peculiarity of the climate on the coast of the countries surrounding the Persian and Oman Gulfs is mild winters and hot and humid summers. In winter, temperatures usually range from +20 °C to +22 °C, and in summer they reach +30 °C.

Most precipitation falls from November to April, with levels ranging from 200 mm in the east and center to 1,700 mm on the Caspian Sea coast per year.

Weather in Iranian cities now

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