Water resources. Biyuk-karasu - a river in eastern Crimea Location on the map

6 rivers flow through the territory of the Sovetsky district: Sudzhilka, Eastern Bulganak, Wet Indol, Sukhoi Indol, Biyuk-Karasu, Kuchuk-Karasu.

The Wet Indol River belongs to the Azov Sea basin, the length of the river is 71 km, the catchment area is 342 km², forest cover is 30.6%, plowed area is 35.1%. The river has two tributaries more than 10 km long - the Saly River and the Kurchinskaya Balka.

The Sukhoi Indol River belongs to the Azov Sea basin. The length of the river is 53 km, the catchment area is 156 km², forest cover is 26%, plowed area is 46%. The river has no tributaries longer than 10 km.

The Eastern Bulganak River belongs to the Azov Sea basin. The length of the river is 44 km. The catchment area is 485 km², forest cover is 4%, plowed area is 63%. The river has no tributaries longer than 10 km.

The Biyuk-Karasu River belongs to the Salgir River basin and is its right tributary of the 1st order. The length of the river is 105 km, the catchment area is 1261 km², forest cover is 18.2%, swampiness is 0%, plowed area is 32.4%. The river has three tributaries more than 10 km long, with a total length of 132.2 km.

The Kuchuk-Karasu River is a right tributary of the Biyuk-Karasu River, the length of the river is 77.6 km. The catchment area is 268 km. Forest cover is 32.4%, plowed area is 16.5%.

Sudzhilka River, river length is 14.04 km, drainage area is 102 km.

The area occupied by water bodies and water management facilities is 21.89 thousand hectares. The area occupied by rivers, canals and ponds in the Sovetsky district is 1.653 thousand hectares.

There are no lakes or reservoirs on the territory of the Sovetsky district.

The route of the North Crimean Canal crosses the Sovetsky district from northwest to southeast from PC 247.5 to PC 286.1. The North Crimean Canal within the region has a length of 38.6 km, including 18.9 km in the lining and 18.7 km in the earthen channel.

The main source of irrigation in the farms of the Sovetsky district is the waters of the North Crimean Canal. Water is taken into the system through hydraulic structures and pumping stations.

In total, there are 16 water intake points in the Sovetsky district, of which 13 are from SKK, three are inter-district (RM-10, RM-12, NS No. 74, RM-35, NS No. 117).

Water is supplied to the farms of the Sovetsky district through four inter-farm distribution channels - RM-11, RM-13, RM-15, RM- 16.

COLLECTOR - DRAINAGE NETWORK OF THE SOVIET DISTRICT

Name of collector systems, districts and farms	Land area with drainage network, ha	Protya length of drainage network, km	Off-farm collectors				On-farm collectors
			Extended distance, km	Sooru marriages, PC	G/m posts, PC.	Bridges And moving, pcs.	Extended wives distance, km	Sooru marriages, PC	DNS	Bridges And moving, pcs.	Sooru drainage issues no network, pcs.
GK-12	5562	279,0	35,98				73,0
K-1;S-1;GD	1720	85,3	7,96				23,2
GK-23	1722	31,2	9,56
OS-6 r Rivne beam		22,0	11,8
OS-2 r r Dmitrovskaya beams	1816	85,1	6,93				25,0
Local	4858	203,5					139,7
GK-9 Sudzhilka river	3295	202,5	20,21				50,6
K-4r r Nekrasovsk. beams	2038	104,5					25,4
GK-13 river V. Bulganak	9175	490,6	69,81				137,4				1464
Linear drainage
OS-1
Total:	29544	1503,7	177,25	181	10	97	486,1	2313	17	53	4194

INFORMATION availability of ponds in the Sovetsky district There are 65 pieces in stock in the Sovetsky district. ponds of which: The total volume of reservoirs at NPU is 6292.5 thousand m 3 with a mirror area - 494.3 hectares. Ponds suitable for further use - 65 pcs., which are divided for the following purposes: - fish farming - 38 pcs.; - not used - 27 pcs.;

R. Sudzhilka R. Sudzhilka - the length of the territory of the Sovetsky district is 14.04 km, incl. by s/Advice: 1. Chernozemnensky village council - 4.7 km 2.Nekrasovskys/sovet -9.34 km Flows into Lake Sivash. R. Eastern Bulganak R. Eastern Bulganak - the length of the district is 31.73 km, incl. according to advice: 1. Krasnogvardeisky village council - 7.87 km 2. Pushkin village council - 10.00 km 3. Krasnoflotsky village council - 6.88 km 4. Urozhaynovsky village council - 3.37 km 5. Chapaevsky village council - 3.60 km Flows into Lake Sivash. R. Wet Indole R. Wet Indol - the length of the district is 23.10 km, incl. according to advice: 1. Ilyichevsky village council - 11.51 km 2. Krasnoflotsky village council - 5.80 km 3. Urozhaynovsky village council - 5.82 km Flows into Lake Sivash. R. Dry Indole R. Dry Indol - the length of the district is 9.38 km, incl. according to advice: 1. Ilyichevsky village council - 9.38 km Flows into the Civil Code - 23. R. Biyuk-Karasu R. Biyuk-Karasu - the length of the district is 3.12 km, incl. according to advice: 1. Chernozemnensky village council - 3.12 km Flows into the Salgir River. R. Kuchuk-Karasu R. Kuchuk-Karasu - the length of the district is 5.0 km, incl. according to advice: 1. Prudovskaya village council - 5.0 km Flows into the Biyuk-Karasu River.

INFORMATION availability of wells in the Sovetsky district In the Sovetsky district there are 145 wells, of which: 1. Water supply - 137 pcs. 2. Irrigation - 6 pcs. 3. Mixed - 2 pcs.

The Bolshaya Karasevka River (Biyuk-Karasu) is the most significant tributary of the Salgir. It begins with the karst spring Karasu-Bashi on the northeastern slope of Karabi-yayla. Its length is 86 km, the basin area is 1160 km 2. The average long-term flow rate is about 1.8 m/sec. The river waters are used for irrigation. In this regard, the river dries up in the summer and does not always reach Salgir.

The species composition of fish due to the low water content of the rivers is not numerous, and some species live only in certain rivers. For example, the minnow and the endemic subspecies - shemaya inhabit only Bolshaya Karasevka. The latter is also home to other Crimean endemics: the Salgir fisherman and the river goby. The endemic Crimean barbel and about ten other species of common fish are found in Karasevka.

What was there thirty years ago no longer exists in Karasevka. Somewhere those endemics—species of animals or plants unique to it—have disappeared. Just like other fish...

As a child, precisely in the same years when the mentioned guidebook was published, I often came to Karasevka to fish. Pisces - different! — there was a lot, I didn’t return without a catch. Of course, “large animals” were not my cup of tea, but there were a lot of small things, especially those same big bulls.

And, of course, crucian carp... It seems that it was precisely because of the abundance of this tasty and tenacious fish that the Russian settlers renamed the river Biyuk-Karasu. And not because of the toponymic tracing from the Turkic “Karasu” (black water). In fact, in those years the water was quite clear, as children we swam from May to September and no one got sick - neither colds nor skin sores... And there was depth. Especially near the so-called dams. In the area of ​​the villages of Uvarovka, Novoivanovka and Demyanovka, which is not far from Nizhnegorskoye, there were three such dams. Now they are gone...

Yuri Taganov was born on the banks of Bolshaya Karasevka. And for almost thirty years now his life has been connected with this river. She poured her waters into Yurka’s soul, was confirmed by the happiness of a fisherman, and was imprinted in her memory by the events associated with her... The current deputy of the village council, Yu. Taganov, an amateur fisherman and patriot of his Karasevka, can tell a lot.

“My first impression of fishing: I was three or four years old, my father was fishing and gave me a fishing rod to cast,” recalls Yuri. “I cast, but got caught on some floating branch and began to pull the line. I pull it out and see that there is a large fish on the hook. It turned out to be a roach. Of course, it seemed gigantic to me...” In the same place, opposite his home, when he was five years old, Yura was already catching crucian carp. For running away without asking to go fishing, he was punished for the first time...

As a teenager, Taganov could spend all day on the river. If anyone was looking, they looked on the river bank. Successful fishing enchanted the young man. “At the age of fourteen, I simply fell ill with crucian carp fishing! The cage was always full of small crucian carp, but the large ones had to be hunted. With specially prepared bait on our river, together with my father, I caught crucian carp up to a kilogram! It’s not much, it’s true, but I’ve never seen anything like it again in my life!”

And in 1991, Yura began fishing for carp. In a pool not far from the school, he tried to catch this fish every day. The carp kept breaking off because the fisherman could not pull him out. At first he didn’t tell his father about it, but then he finally admitted it. A few days later, using a special tackle - an elastic band - he pulled out a handsome carp weighing six and a half kilograms from the gloomy depths!

Yuri Taganov also remembered all the types of fish that were found in Karasevka at different times (counting them up to 15), and two types of crayfish, and many birds and aquatic mammals attracted by the abundance of fish stocks. While still a schoolboy, he studied the ichthyology and behavior of local fish. I wrote several essays about local fishing, but to the table... The fish became less and less... A lot of them were caught with nonsense, ruined with electric fishing rods in the wild 90s. But the main problem came with the destruction of the dams.

First, the small dam in Novoivanovka, the lowest one on the river, was torn down. Some “comrades” discovered water in their basements during the spring flood. Without thinking twice, we brought up a tractor with a bucket, dug a couple of times near the dam - and the pressure of water, licking the remains of the earthen embankment, rushed into Salgir. Then the water flow tore down the embankment on the Uvarov dam. There was a bypass pipe there, through which excess water drained. But someone looked at it for scrap metal... Then the Demyanovskaya dam, the highest one, concrete and stone, which “they also helped to break through...” broke through.

Mismanagement also played a role. “Some of the poplars here were three hundred years old,” says Taganov. “I know exactly where they grew up.” The channel was deep, but not wide, the banks were completely covered with vegetation. Now all the more or less large trees have been cut down, because, they say, they are no one’s.” He conducted a kind of research and found that about a hundred years ago Karasevka was a deep river, up to two or two and a half meters, and three to four meters wide. It’s like a channel in thick poplars, with whirlpool holes and clean water. And with fish...

“Where six years ago the water was chest-deep, now it’s knee-deep. The water flows quickly, like in a mountain river. The small fish don’t breed, and the big fish go with the flow,” laments the avid fisherman, who has become both a hydrobiologist and a hydrologist against his will.

But Yuri decided to fight for the river, which he knew and loved since childhood. Became a deputy of the Uvarovsky village council. Having studied the issue, I calculated that the restoration of one dam would require more than 125 thousand hryvnia, and funds were also needed to clean the riverbed and dredge the reservoir. Plus planting willows, willows, and poplars on the banks. Of course, the village council has no money for all this. The deputy made inquiries both to the regional water management agency and to Simferopol. There is no money to restore the dams on Karasevka.

And in this regard, the deputy remembers something extraordinary: “Just before the collapse of the dams, I was fishing off an island nicknamed Crocodile, near Novoivanovka. Suddenly, from under the overhanging bushes near the shore opposite, something huge white dives into the water. It surfaced right next to the floats, its eyes were red, it was already creepy. I took a closer look - an albino muskrat. But how healthy! She looked at me, lay on the surface - and in depth. Then I sailed by boat to the same place several more times, but did not meet the beast. I heard later that a white muskrat was killed. It seems to me that it was the spirit of the river... With her death, the river began to die.”

Alas, this is a pure memory of the past. “There is no river. There is no beauty..."

Sergei Tkachenko, "

After the gloomy depths of the Kerch Strait and the Black Sea, I didn’t think - I didn’t guess that I would find myself at the bottom again. But you don’t need scuba diving equipment for this. The Biyuk-Karasu river in the Nizhnegorsky region, not far from its confluence with Salgir, can be jumped over in many places, and in some places you can walk along the bed - over dried clods of mud, along the river bottom that was still in the spring.

It has long been known that our steppe rivers are drying up. But many people have never seen this in their lives. Back in Soviet times, the channels of the Salgir, Biyuk-Karasu and Kuchuk-Karasu, all the Indoles and Bulganaks were regulated, blocked with dams, and ponds and creeks were created on them. There was always water. Few people even thought that scientists predicted the drying up of rivers. Let us present data on Biyuk-Karas, in local vernacular - from the most interesting book “Sunny Crimea. Physico-geographical sketch”, published in 1976. “The Bolshaya Karasevka River (Biyuk-Karasu) is the most significant tributary of the Salgir. It begins with the karst spring Karasu-Bashi on the northeastern slope of Karabi-yayla. Its length is 86 km, the basin area is 1160 square meters. km. The average long-term consumption is about 1.8 cubic meters. m/sec. The river waters are used for irrigation. In this regard, the river dries up in the summer and does not always reach Salgir.”

Then there was talk about irrigation as the reason for the low water content of the river and its drying out. But now many farms on the banks of the Biyuk-Karasu have collapsed and the problem of irrigation with water from the river is no longer so acute. There were few gardens left, and the lion's share of the water was used to water the trees. I remember that in the vicinity of the so-called “new dam” there was a water pump, and water was supplied through trays taller than a man’s height not only to the gardens of the Kirov collective farm, but also to other farms even in the neighboring Sovetsky district. Now there are no gardens, no trays, no water pumps. And it turned out that there was no river.

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About a hundred years ago, Karasevka was a deep river, up to 2-2.5 meters, and 3-4 meters wide. It’s like a ditch in hundred-year-old thick poplars, with whirlpool pits and clean water. And with fish. Then the channel widened due to the dams, and the floodplain increased. The depths have decreased, but the pools remain - secret fishing spots for anglers from the surrounding villages.

Photo by Vyacheslav Kharchenko

And none of them thought that much would change in just ten years. The main problem came with the destruction of the dams. First, they tore down the small dam in Novoivanovka, the lowest one on the river. At the beginning of the spring flood, local residents noticed water in their basements. Without thinking twice, we brought up a tractor with a bucket, dug a couple of times near the dam - and the pressure of water, licking the remains of the earthen embankment, rushed into Salgir. Then, due to an increase in the speed of the water flow, the embankment on the previous Uvarov dam broke. There was a bypass pipe there, through which excess water drained for decades. But someone took an eye on it for scrap metal... Then the Demyanovskaya dam, the highest one, concrete and stone, which “they also helped to break through,” broke through. The destruction of the dams resulted in rapid siltation of the river bed. Previously, silt did not accumulate like this, since it was retained by dams in the upper reaches and many kilometers of thickets of reeds along the banks (the reeds have now been burned). Clay was also dispersed throughout a large volume of water. The abundance of fish also influenced silt formation, because part of the silt was included in the food chain. And most importantly, the river flowed more slowly, held back by dams, and the banks, the clay from which made up most of this silt, were not eroded as much. Trees also played a role. “Some of the poplars here were three hundred years old,” says local fisherman Yura. “I remember exactly where they grew up.” The channel was deep, the banks were completely covered with vegetation. But now all the more or less large trees have been cut down. They live in villages along the river either for retirement or for odd jobs. So they started cutting poplars along the river - it seemed like nobody’s land.” The river quickly became shallow: “the duck is knee-deep.”

And then came the dry years. I noticed this in the mountains, where even large watercourses had dried up. It turned out that in the steppe the problem is even more acute, even on large rivers. I couldn’t resist and went to Salgir, the largest Crimean river.

After the Biyuk-Karasu flowed into it, beyond Novoivanovka, the main Crimean stream looked like a narrow ditch. And I didn’t even see the merger of Karasevka with Salgir. In the area of ​​the so-called “drain” Biyuk-Karasu has dried up. A little higher up the riverbed, water remained only in large holes.

And on Salgir itself, near the bridge on the outskirts of the village of Listvennoye, there is a water measuring post. So the measuring pole flaunts its scales alone on the dry shore. The water doesn't even reach its base! The depth is more likely a ditch than a riverbed - no more than a meter.

On my trips along the rivers I didn’t see fishermen anywhere. Therefore, as soon as I saw the guy with a fishing rod, I approached him. It turned out that there was a problem with fish in the Crimean half-dry rivers. “There is a complete absence of any large fish, but here and there small fish are still biting,” shakes his head Yura, a new acquaintance. And then, as if in contrast to his words, there was a splash in the very middle of the narrow stream! To my astonished look, Yuri slowly explained: “This little puppy is hunting. There’s a lot of splashes, but it’s as big as the palm of your hand. He is a predator after all, and such are his habits. And it catches small things of perched water. Look how many there are!”

Apparently, our conversation attracted attention, or maybe because a fisherman sees a fisherman from afar.

First, a boy approached us with a homemade fishing rod with a huge reel - Roman. The fisherman's happiness immediately smiled at him - he pulled out a small redfin. And then an elderly man arrived on a moped. Also a fisherman, “all the way from Uvarovka.” But he didn’t want to meet. But he told a lot about private owners who keep ponds along the river and do not even allow worms to dig on their banks. There are also stocked rates, but fishing there is paid. “So these private owners specially caught all the big fish here with nets and brought them into their headquarters,” the man told us. And he said such fishing-salty words to the entrepreneurs... But he didn’t say anything about the dried-up Karasevka, he shrugged his shoulders - drought.

Yes, drought. But both mismanagement and human selfishness killed the river. And water, the basis of all life on the planet, is gone.

Crimean rivers are not very long or deep, but they play a huge role in the life of the peninsula. Among them there are record holders and faithful hard workers who regularly feed the earth and people with drinking resources. The Biyuk-Karasu River in Crimea can be classified into both categories. It is one of the longest and is important for irrigation.

Where is the Biyuk-Karasu River located on the map?

The map of Crimea shows that the river flows mostly in two regions - Nizhnegorsk and Belogorsk, and partially flows along the northwestern outskirts of Sovetsky. The sources are located a little south of the village of Karasevka, and it flows into the Salgir River (Novoivanovka village). On the river banks, in addition to those already mentioned, there are the following settlements: Belaya Skala, Vishnevoe and Melniki, Zybiny and Zhemchuzhina, Sadovoe and Zhelyabovka, Demyanovka and Uvarovka.

Spring in the mountains of Crimea: the meaning of the name and history

The sources of Biyuk-Karasu are located on the slopes. It is fed by both karst springs and rain and melted snow. The largest spring that feeds the reservoir is called. It is considered the most powerful karst spring in Crimea and flows from a grotto with the eloquent name Su-Uchkhan-Koba, which translates as “cave of flying water”.

The length of the river is 86 km, which is quite a lot for Crimea (4th place). But where the Biyuk-Karasu flows - the absolute leader in this indicator, a powerful influx plays a noticeable role in this leadership. The current - now quite calm - was not always like this. There is evidence that in the 17th century the river flood had catastrophic consequences.

Black water

More precisely - “big black water”. This is the most common translation of Biyuk-Karasu. “Black” Tatars have the habit of calling any water of “dark”, underground origin, and the river owes its existence to springs. There is also a version that it was named as such out of anger for the damage caused by the already mentioned flood of the 17th century. Another explanation links the name to the dark silt that covers the bottom. It stands out for everyone to see when the river becomes shallow in the summer heat.

But in Crimea it rarely happens that a geographical object has only one name. Biyuk-Karasu is no exception; another toponym belongs to it - Bolshaya Karasevka. There is no need to look for complex explanations here. Yes, there used to be a lot of fish in it, but it’s not about crucian carp. It’s just that the Russian-speaking population did not understand the meaning of the Tatar name and came up with their own, consonant. So “Karasu” became “Karasevka”. And it is Big because the population is aware of its significant size – by the scale of Taurida.

Folklore calls the Su-Uchkhan-Koba cave the haven of the medieval robber Dlima - the Crimean analogue of Robin Hood. In this matter, too, one cannot do without “dark” forces and all sorts of mysticism, therefore, the name of the river acquires another explanation.

Broken dams

Old-timers say that a couple of decades ago Biyuk-Karasu never dried out completely, it became shallower less, and there were more fish in it. At the same time, there was enough living moisture to irrigate numerous gardens,
of which, after the collapse of collective farms, there were significantly fewer.

Nowadays, plants and animals are few in number here. Experts in Crimean conditions explain this by poverty and unwise management. Previously, flows were blocked by dams in several places. The result was ponds with a slow flow. It’s a paradox, but these backwaters reduced the amount of silt settling on the bottom - there was no active erosion of the banks. Fish fauna willingly settled in the ponds. The depth could exceed 2 m. On the coast of the creeks, reeds grew, where birds lived. Large old trees grew along the river.

But then some of the local residents, during a flood after a particularly snowy one, discovered flooding in their basements and cellars. Instead of taking private measures, global measures were taken - the dams on the river were taken and destroyed without thinking about the consequences. The current became faster and began to wash away the shore edges. There are also fewer fish now. The nearby reeds were mercilessly burned for the convenience of grazing livestock. Trees were cut down for firewood.

As a result, the amount of water resources in the river has noticeably decreased. In any case, this is the interpretation given to the problem by environmentalists. They warned about the possible consequences of unwise management, but they were not listened to.

Garden River: fishing, relaxation, walk along the valley

But the Biyuk-Karasu still remains a fairly deep river. Even in dry years it does not dry out completely. Its waters feed two reservoirs - and are used for both irrigation and drinking. In 2014, it helped out several regions of Crimea - its flow was partially diverted to, the supply of water resources to which was suspended.

There are not many gardens in the river valley, but they do exist: in spring you can admire the lush colors.
In general, spring will be the best time to visit the river, since in summer it becomes significantly shallower. In many places it is not difficult to find a ford or even jump to the other side.

Biyuk-Karasu is not wide, making it difficult to navigate by boat. But there are still fishing spots, mainly in the pools. It is better for the fisherman to get a friend among his local colleagues so that he can show him the ideal areas. Otherwise, finding them may be problematic. Fishermen complain that the fish are now crushed, but they still sit on the river with fishing rods.

According to reviews, the river is home to chub, perch, greenfish, roach, rudd, and savage. It's all about the worm; you can also try to catch the predator using wobblers or spinners. This is especially true for pike, which are small - 200-300 grams. – sizes sometimes end up on the hook.

In the river valley there is a state-level natural monument -. Travel to this natural attraction is in great demand; tourists come here to not only admire the fantastic landscapes opening from the height of the observation deck, but also to learn exciting legends that locals will be happy to tell.

How to get there (get there)?

So, getting to the flow of the river is not difficult. To get to the lower reaches, for example to Zhelyabovka, you can take any bus route going through Belogorsk from to Nizhnegorsk, Uvarovka, etc.

If you plan to get to the upper reaches, to Karasevka, then from Belogorsk by car you will have to go this way:

Note to tourists

• Address: Crimea, Russian Federation.
• GPS coordinates: 45.235038, 34.650599.

Full-flowing Salgir, water for Belogorsk and gardens, pleasure for fishermen - the Biyuk-Karasu River is the key to this. Crimea is grateful to her for this. Perhaps hasty economic decisions will no longer be made on its shores. In conclusion, watch a video report about off its coast.

With the rock of the same name. It rises more than a hundred meters above the plain.

It is surprisingly easy to visit, and you should definitely do it, as it is fraught with a lot of interesting things.

From the big intersection in Belogorsk, on the road to the village. Nizhnegorsky, you need to drive about 5 km.

to the village of Belaya Skala. If your car allows it, you can turn right and drive down a rural street

We are at an open stone record for geologists, paleontologists and archaeologists. Feast your eyes on this one

“layer cake” of limestones of different strengths. Rock destruction processes ( denudation, erosion)

are inexorable, but limestones composed of various marine organisms succumb to them in different ways.

The main building material of limestones were the smallest single-celled creatures - .

But if you're lucky, you can see fossils and more complex marine animals on Ak-Kai.

For example, an ancient sea urchin.

And once in a quarry, during the extraction of stone, even the skeleton of an 8-meter whale was discovered.

There is also a world-famous archaeological monument here - , where scientists discovered

more than 20 long-term sites of Neanderthals. The beams who lived in the grottoes 100-40 thousand years ago,

Our ancestors left about 5 thousand silicon tools to science.

Much later, about 2 thousand years ago, a Scythian settlement arose at the foot of Ak-Kai,

currently being excavated by archaeologists.

But this is not all the charms of the mountain. In the northwestern, flat part of the massif there is a grandiose grotto.

In the depths of the grotto there is a man-made reservoir, into which water flows from the walls.

The inhabitants of the grotto - blackbird And

rustic killer whale swallow They strictly monitor guests to see if people will cause harm to their home.

They decided to climb the yayla along a new road, from the northeastern spurs,

through Canyon of the Bai-Su River and the abandoned village of the same name. Searching for ruins Bai-Su village

turned out to be difficult. The simplest obstacle is a fallen tree.

Finally we got there. The canyon is dry, only the baths are filled with water.

And here are the traces of the village of Bai-Su. Remains of foundations in a deep forest.

A barely functioning spring in a hole, that’s all.

The history of this settlement is interesting. It disappears on the map of Crimea in 1778, when

Russian leadership decides to resettle the Christian population (Greeks, Armenians, etc.)

from Tavrida to the northern Azov coast. More than 30 thousand people, under the leadership of A.V. Suvorov

left their habitable places. 4 years before this event, after a series of military victories, Russia and

The Ottoman Empire concluded the Kuchuk-Kainardzhi Peace Treaty, according to which Türkiye left Crimea,

and the vassal Crimean Khanate gained independence.

In most historical sources, the resettlement is explained by Russia's desire to economically

to bleed Crimea, because it was Christians who were artisans, winegrowers and gardeners.

And then take him under the crown of the empire. However, some historians interpret these events more deeply.

The fate of Taurida had already been decided; only five years remained before it was annexed to Russia.

It would seem, why take out your fellow believers, your support? And here a secret intention emerges.

After all, before the capture of Crimea by the Ottoman Empire in 1475, the indigenous Christian population had historical statehood here. There could well have been such a turn of events - thanks, brothers Slavs

for liberation, let's restore the status quo. But this was not part of the plans of Catherine II and Prince Potemkin.
The climb to the yayla turned out to be quite steep, over bare large rocks. But we are still at the top.

In the background is Ak-Kai, in the foreground Kabarga ridge.

In Karabi, according to tradition, we visit at least one of the many caves here.

Today it is Karani (Turkic: gloomy, dark).

The cave is easily accessible and unpretentious, but the hall is striking in its size; it is quite possible to set up a volleyball court.

Finding caves on the Karabi plateau is not so easy, even with their coordinates and GPS in hand.

I had to walk around, but how wonderful it is at this time of year, knee-deep in grass and flowers,

washed by spring rains.

The spring nicknamed by tourists "In mint", does not differ in serious flow rate, but with water shortage in Karabi

and he is for happiness.

There is always a lively crowd at the watering hole blueberries,

moths stay in pairs.

At the southeastern tip of the yayla. WITH Big Gate pass The steep road goes to the sea.

From here there are magnificent views of the east coast, all the way to

The very south of the Karabian plateau, below us Chigenitra gorge. In ancient times, a route from the coast passed along it

to the north, to the foothills and steppe Crimea.

The cliffs here are inaccessible.

In the middle ground Mount Likon- a renegade of Karabi Yayla. In Greek - "wolf place".

In ancient times, the wolf was a fairly common animal in our mountains.

No matter how our route through Karabi runs, drink some water and wash your face well Chaban-Chokrak we have to.

That's what it's called on maps, but we prefer to call it "Hispanic".

Why, look at the report in the diary.

From the southwestern part of Karabi our path is straight along the meridian to the north. 10 kilometers on the way and we are at

a half-abandoned military facility - an antenna field, it can be seen from afar.

Nearby is a monument, here during the Second World War there was Large partisan airfield,

where they received planes from the mainland.

Immediately, going down the path, on a cliff, we examined the archaeological monument - Adzhi-Koba grotto.

Our ancestors lived here tens of thousands of years ago.