Oblomov’s life on the Vyborg side near Pshenitsyna. Oblomov and Agafya Pshenitsyna methodological development in literature (grade 10) on the topic. House of Agafya Pshenitsyna

Oblomov on the Vyborg side. “...Looking and reflecting on his life and becoming more and more settled in it, he finally decided that he had nowhere else to go, nothing to look for, that the ideal of life had been realized... He looked at his present life as a continuation of the same Oblomov’s existence... And here, as in Oblomovka, he managed to get rid of life cheaply, bargain with her and insure his peace.”

Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a slide for free for use in a literature lesson, right-click on the image and click “Save image as...”. You can download the entire presentation “Goncharov’s novel Oblomov.ppt” in a zip archive of 9566 KB in size.

Oblomov

“Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel” - The chapter “Oblomov’s Dream” shows the origins of the hero’s character. Oblomov's love story. The idea for the novel “Oblomov” arose from I.A. Goncharov in the late 40s of the 19th century. Stolz. There is no sleep, no fatigue, no boredom on my face.” The second and third parts are devoted to the love story of Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. Oblomov's dream. In 1849, the first part of the novel was written.

“Oblomov Goncharova” - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Room (interior). N. A. Dobrolyubov. Article "Oblomov", novel by Goncharov." Article “What is Oblomovism?” Novel "Oblomov". Ordinary history (1844 – 1846). Home suit. Frigate "Pallada" (1858) (essays on a trip around the world). I.A. Goncharov. Contemporaries about the novel "Oblomov".

“Oblomov” - I. A. Goncharov “Oblomov”. Materials for lessons. Portrait as a means of creating an image. Lilac branch. Read chapters 5 – 6 and tell about Oblomov according to plan: Identify the similarities and differences between Oblomov and Stolz and fill out the table. What is a portrait? Oblomov’s attitude to the estate and economic issues.

“Stolz and Oblomov” - Oblomov and Stolz.

“Goncharov’s novel Oblomov” - “Life: life is good! Career. From distant travels... Freeloader. The circle of life of Ilya Ilyich. First responses. Alekseev? Literary activity. “... Stolz is an unfortunate, fictitious figure. Oblomov's choice. Lost heaven. How Ilyusha became Ilya Ilyich. A V. Druzhinin. On a government matter. Part II).

OBLOMOV

(Novel. 1859)

Pshenitsyna Agafya Matveevna - the widow of an official, left with two children, sister of Ivan Matveevich Mukhoyarov, godfather of Tarantiev. It is Tarantiev who settles Oblomov, who is forced to look for a new apartment, in P.’s house on the Vyborg side. “She was about thirty. She was very white and full in the face, so that the blush, it seemed, could not break through her cheeks. She had almost no eyebrows at all, but in their place there were two slightly swollen, shiny stripes with sparse blond hair. The eyes are grayish-simple, like the whole facial expression; the hands are white, but hard, with large knots of blue veins protruding outward.”

P. is taciturn and is used to living without thinking about anything: “Her face took on a practical and caring expression, even dullness disappeared when she started talking about a subject familiar to her. To every question that did not relate to some positive goal known to her, she answered with a grin and silence.” And her grin was nothing more than a form that covered up ignorance of the subject: not knowing what she should do, accustomed to the fact that everything was decided by “brother,” only in skillfully managing the house did P. achieve perfection. Everything else passed by the undeveloped mind for years and decades.

Almost immediately after Oblomov moves to the Vyborg side, P. begins to arouse a certain interest in Ilya Ilyich, which can be regarded as purely erotic (the round white elbows of the hostess constantly attract Oblomov’s attention). But the answer awaits at the end of the novel, when, shortly before his death, Ilya Ilyich has a dream where his mother, pointing to P., whispers: “Militrisa Kirbitevna.” She names the name of his dream, inspired by Ilya Ilyich’s nanny’s fairy tales in early childhood.

The image of P. never aroused particular interest among critics of the novel: a rude, primitive nature, which they were accustomed to looking at only through the eyes of Stolz, as a terrible woman, symbolizing the depth of Ilya Ilyich’s fall. But it is no coincidence that Goncharov gives this simple woman a name close to the name of his beloved mother - Avdotya Matveevna Goncharova, a merchant widow who for many years lived in the same house with Goncharov’s godfather, the nobleman N. N. Tregubov, who raised her sons and gave them an education.

P. is in constant motion, unlike Oblomov, realizing that “there is always work” and that it is the true content of life, and not at all a punishment, as Oblomov believed. Her constantly flashing elbows attract Oblomov’s attention not only with her beauty, but also with the heroine’s activity, which he is not fully aware of. Outwardly, P. is perceived as a kind of perpetuum mobile, without thought, without a glimmer of feeling, the “brother” calls her nothing more than “cow” or “horse,” seeing in his sister only free labor. “Even if you hit her, even if you hug her, she’s all grinning like a horse at oats,” he says about her to godfather Tarantiev, preparing, on the latter’s advice, to track down P.’s relationship with Oblomov and demand money from Ilya Ilyich “for dishonor.”

Gradually, as Oblomov realizes that he has nowhere else to strive, that it was here, in a house on the Vyborg side, that he found the desired way of life for his native Oblomovka, a serious internal change occurs in the fate of P. herself. In the constant work of organizing and living at home, in the chores of the house, she finds the meaning of her existence. Something unknown to her before began to awaken in P.: anxiety, glimpses of reflection. In other words - love, more and more deep, pure, sincere, unable to express itself in words, but manifested in what P. knows and can do well: in caring for Oblomov’s table and clothes, in prayers for his health, in sitting at night at the bedside of the sick Ilya Ilyich. “Her entire household... received a new, living meaning: the peace and comfort of Ilya Ilyich. Before she saw this as a duty, now it has become her pleasure. She began to live in her own full and varied way... It was as if she suddenly switched to another faith and began to profess it, not discussing what kind of faith it was, what dogmas it contained, but blindly obeying its laws.”

For P. Oblomov is a person from another world: she has never seen such people before. Knowing that ladies and gentlemen lived somewhere, she perceived their life in much the same way as Oblomov listened to the fairy tale about Militris Kirbityevna in childhood. The meeting with Oblomov served as an impulse for rebirth, but the culprit of this process “did not understand how deeply this meaning had taken root and what an unexpected victory he had achieved over the mistress’s heart... And P.’s feeling, so normal, natural, disinterested, remained a secret to Oblomov, for those around her and for herself.”

Oblomov “was getting closer to Agafya Matveevna - as if he was moving towards a fire, from which it becomes warmer and warmer, but which cannot be loved.” P. is the only absolutely unselfish and decisive person around Oblomov. Without delving into any complications, she does what is necessary at the moment: she pawns her own pearls and silver, is ready to borrow money from the relatives of her late husband, just so that Oblomov does not feel lacking in anything. When the intrigues of Mukhoyarov and Tarantiev reach their peak, P. decisively renounces both his “brother” and his “godfather”.
Having devoted herself to caring for Oblomov, P. lives as fully and variedly as she has never lived before, and her chosen one begins to feel as if in his native Oblomovka: “... he quietly and gradually fit into the simple and wide coffin of the rest of his existence, made with their own hands, like the desert elders who, turning away from life, dig their own grave.”

P. and Oblomov have a son. Understanding the difference between this child and the children from his first husband, P., after the death of Ilya Ilyich, meekly gives him up to be raised by the Stolts. Oblomov's death brings a new color to P.'s existence - she is the widow of a landowner, a master, for which her “brother” and his wife constantly reproach her. And although P.’s lifestyle has not changed in any way (she still serves the Mukhoyarov family), the thought constantly pulsates within her that “her life was lost and shone, that God put his soul into her life and took it out again... Now she knew why she lived and that she had not lived in vain... Rays, a quiet light from the seven years that had flown by in an instant, spilled over her whole life, and she had nothing more to desire, nowhere to go.”

P.’s selflessness is made clear to Stoltz at the end of the novel: she does not need his reports in managing the estate, just as she does not need the income from Oblomovka, which Stoltz put in order. The light of P.'s life faded along with Ilya Ilyich.

Retelling plan

1. Lifestyle of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov.
2. The story of Stolz, Oblomov’s friend.
3. Stolz introduces Oblomov to Olga Ilyinskaya. Ilya Ilyich falls in love with her.
4. He finds out about her love for him and is happy.
5. The hero of the novel moves to the Vyborg side to Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna.
6. Ilya Ilyich gives up his dream of marrying Olga. Explanation with her.
7. Olga agrees to marry Stolz.
8. Oblomov finds his happiness by marrying Agafya Matveevna. Their son Andrei is born.
9. Oblomov dies. The Stolts take his son in to raise him.

Retelling

Part I
Chapter 1

In St. Petersburg, on Gorokhovaya Street, in one of the large houses, on the same morning as always, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov lies in bed - “a man of thirty-two or three years old, but with the absence of any definite idea, any concentration in his facial features " Lying down is Oblomov's usual state. His usual clothes are an old robe, which seems to have grown on Oblomov. This morning Oblomov woke up earlier than usual. He is concerned: the day before he received “an unpleasant letter from the headman.” Oblomov is about to get up, but first decides to drink some tea. His servant Zakhar is used to living the same way as the master: how he lives. Zakhar is old, he always wears a torn gray frock coat and a gray vest. He likes this clothing because it resembles the livery that “he once wore when accompanying deceased gentlemen to church or on a visit.” “The Oblomov house was once rich and famous in its own right, but then, God knows why, it grew poorer, smaller, and finally quietly got lost among the older noble houses.”

Zakhar reports that bills need to be paid, and the owner of the house demands - and not for the first time - that Oblomov move out of the apartment.

Chapter 2

A bell rings in the hallway, and several visitors come to Oblomov one after another. They all call Ilya Ilyich to go for a ride to Yekateringhof, where the St. Petersburg secular society gathers on the first of May. Oblomov tries to talk to each of them about his problems, but no one is interested. Only Alekseev listens to him.

Chapter 3

“...A desperate bell is heard in the hallway... A man of about forty entered... tall... with large facial features... with large protruding eyes, thick lips... It was Mikhei Andreevich Tarantiev, Oblomov’s fellow countryman.” Tarantiev is smart and cunning, he knows everything, but at the same time, “just as twenty-five years ago he was assigned to some office as a scribe, he lived in this position until his gray hairs. The fact is that Tarantiev was a master only of talking...”

Alekseev and Tarantiev are Oblomov’s most frequent visitors. They come to him to drink, eat and smoke good cigars. Other guests come in for a minute. For Oblomov, “one person after his heart” is Andrei Ivanovich Stolts, whom he is looking forward to.

Chapter 4

Tarantyev, knowing that after the death of his parents, Oblomov remained the only heir of three hundred and fifty souls, he is not at all against getting attached to a very tasty morsel, especially since he quite rightly suspects that the elder Oblomov steals and lies much more than reasonable limits. He invites Ilya Ilyich to move to his godfather, on the Vyborg side. Oblomov remembers the elder’s letter, and Tarantyev calls him a fraudster and a liar, advising him to immediately replace him, go to the village and sort everything out himself. “Oh, if only Andrei would come soon! - Oblomov sighs. “He would have sorted everything out...” Tarantiev indignantly reprimands Ilya Ilyich that he is ready to exchange a Russian person for a German. But Oblomov abruptly cuts him off and does not allow him to scold Stolz, a person close to him, with whom they grew up and studied together. Tarantiev, and then Alekseev leave.

Chapters 5 and 6

Oblomov “almost lay down in a chair and, having become sad, plunged either into a doze or into thoughtfulness.” The author talks about Oblomov’s life: “a nobleman by birth, a collegiate secretary by rank, he has been living in St. Petersburg for twelve years without a break.” At first, when he arrived in St. Petersburg, he somehow tried to integrate into the life of the capital, “... he was full of different aspirations, he kept hoping for something, expecting a lot... But days passed after days... he turned thirty years old, and he had not advanced a single step in any field... But he was still... preparing to start life... His life was divided into two halves; one consisted of work and boredom - these were synonyms for him; the other - from peace and peaceful fun... He believed that... visiting a public place is by no means an obligatory habit...”

Oblomov somehow served for two years and resigned. So Ilya Ilyich lay down on his sofa. Only Stolz managed to stir him up. But Stolz often left St. Petersburg, and Oblomov “again plunged head over heels into his loneliness and despondency.”

Chapter 7

Zakhar is over fifty, he is passionately devoted to his master, but at the same time he constantly lies to him, robs him little by little, slanders him, sometimes spreads “some incredible things about the master.” He is unkempt, awkward, lazy. In his youth, Zakhar served as a footman in a manor house in Oblomovka, then he was assigned as an uncle to Ilya. He became completely lazy and self-important.

Chapter 8

Oblomov again tends to “bliss and dreams.” He imagines the reconstruction of his village house, his life there. But then the bell rings again. The doctor came to inquire about Ilya Ilyich’s health. Oblomov complains of indigestion, heaviness in the stomach, and heartburn. The doctor says that if he continues to lie down and eat fatty and heavy foods, he will soon have a stroke. He advises Oblomov to go abroad, “to entertain himself with movements in the clean air.” The doctor leaves, and Oblomov again begins to scold Zakhar. Finally Oblomov, tired and exhausted, decides to take a nap until lunch.

Chapter 9

Oblomov's dream. In his sweet dream, Ilya Ilyich sees a past, long-gone life in his native Oblomovka, where there is nothing wild or grandiose, where everything breathes calm and serene sleep. Here they only eat, sleep, discuss news that comes to this region very late; life flows smoothly, flowing from autumn to winter, from spring to summer, to again complete its eternal circles. Here fairy tales are almost indistinguishable from real life, and dreams are a continuation of reality. Everything is peaceful, quiet and calm in this blessed land - no passions, no worries disturb the inhabitants of sleepy Oblomovka, where Ilya Ilyich spent his childhood. Before him, in a dream, like living pictures, the three main acts of life pass in succession: births, weddings, funerals, then a motley procession of cheerful and sad christenings, name days, family holidays, fasting, breaking the fast, noisy dinners, relatives’ congresses, official tears and smiles. .

Everything is done according to established rules, but these rules affect only the external side of life. A child is born - all the worries are that he grows up healthy, does not get sick, eats well; then they look for a bride and celebrate a merry wedding. Life goes on as usual until it ends in a grave.

Chapters 10, 11

While Oblomov is sleeping, Zakhar goes to gossip and relieve his soul at the gate with the neighboring lackeys, coachmen, women and boys. He first scolds his master, then comes to his defense and, having quarreled with everyone, goes to the pub. At the beginning of five, Zakhar returns home and begins to wake up Ilya Ilyich. Having barely woken up, Oblomov sees Stolz.

Part II
Chapter 1

Andrei Stolts grew up in the village of Verkhleve, which was once part of Oblomovka. His father, a village manager, was an agronomist, technologist, teacher, studied at a university in Germany, traveled a lot, and came to Russia twenty years ago. Andrei's mother was Russian; He professed the Orthodox faith. Stolz developed into an unusual personality in many ways thanks to the double upbringing received from a strong-willed, strong, cold-blooded German father and a Russian mother, a sensitive woman who lost herself in the storms of life at the piano.

Chapter 2

Stolz is the same age as Oblomov, but he is the complete opposite of his friend: “... he is constantly on the move: if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; you need to write some project or adapt a new idea to business - they choose it. Meanwhile, he goes out into the world and reads; when he succeeds, God knows.” He goes towards his goal, “bravely walking through all obstacles.” What attracts such a person to Oblomov? This is a “pure, bright and good beginning,” which lies at the basis of Oblomov’s nature.

Chapter 3

Stolz asks his friend about his health and business. He listens to Ilya Ilyich’s complaints about “two misfortunes” with a smile, advises them to give freedom to the peasants, says that he needs to go to the village himself. He’s interested in where Oblomov goes, what he reads, what he’s doing. Stolz himself came from Kyiv and will go abroad in two weeks.

Chapter 4

Stolz wants to stir up Oblomov and takes him with him everywhere for a whole week. He protests, complains, argues, but obeys. Oblomov is struck by the gullibility and insignificance of the thoughts and concerns of the people he sees, vanity and emptiness. He notices everything very subtly, criticizes skillfully, but... “Where is our modest, laboring path?” - asked Stolz. Oblomov replied: “Yes, I’ll just finish... the plan...”

Chapter 5

Two weeks later, Stolz leaves for England, taking Oblomov’s word that he will come to Paris and they will meet there. But Ilya Ilyich “didn’t leave in a month or three.” Stolz writes him letter after letter, but receives no response. Oblomov is not going because of Olga Ilyinskaya, whom Stolz introduced him to before his departure, bringing him to Olga’s aunt’s house. In this girl, Stolz is captivated by “the simplicity and natural freedom of look, word, action,” while Olga considers him her friend, although she is afraid - he is too smart, “too taller than her.”

Chapter 6

During the visit, Oblomov arouses benevolent curiosity in Olga. He himself is shy, lost in her gaze. Returning home, he thinks about her all the time, draws her portrait in his memory. Oblomov is in love, he goes to her every day, rents a dacha opposite the one where Olga lives with her aunt. He confesses his love to Olga.

Chapter 7

Meanwhile, Zakhar found his happiness by marrying Anisya, a simple and kind woman. He suddenly realized that dust, dirt, and cockroaches should be fought, not tolerated. In a short time, Anisya puts Ilya Ilyich’s house in order, extending her power not only to the kitchen, as initially expected, but throughout the entire house.

For several days Ilya Ilyich sits at home, suffering.

Chapter 8

When Stolz left, he “bequeathed” Oblomov to Olga, asking her to keep an eye on him, not letting him sit at home. And the girl draws up a detailed plan for how she will wean Oblomov from sleeping after dinner, force him to read the books and newspapers left by Stolz, and show him his goal. And suddenly this is a declaration of love. Olga doesn't know what to do. But at the next meeting, Oblomov asks for forgiveness for his confession and even asks Olga to forget about him, because it is not true...

These words hurt Olga’s pride. She feels insulted. And then Oblomov, unable to restrain himself, again starts talking about his feelings. She's glad, she's happy. It seems to Oblomov that Olga loves him, although he is overcome by doubts.

Chapter 9

For several days Ilya Ilyich sits at home, suffering. And then Olga sends a letter inviting her to come. She gives him hope. Oblomov comes to life. “In two or three weeks they traveled all around St. Petersburg.” Olga herself does not understand whether she is in love with Oblomov, she only knows that “she never loved her father, mother, or nanny like that.”

Chapter 10

Oblomov again doubts, what if “Olga’s feeling is not love, but just a premonition of love?” He writes her a letter about his doubts, but Olga convinces him that she loves him. Oblomov is happy.

Chapters 11 and 12

Another letter arrives from Stolz, but Oblomov again does not respond to it. Oblomov notices that the neighbors are looking at him and Olga somehow strangely. He is overcome by fear that he will ruin the girl's reputation. He proposes to her, but notices that she accepts the proposal without tears of unexpected happiness. Olga convinces him that she will never want to part with him. Oblomov is immensely happy.

Part III
Chapter 1

When Ilya Ilyich returns home, he finds Tarantiev there. Even before Oblomov rented the dacha, Tarantiev transported all his belongings to his godfather on the Vyborg side. He asks why he still hasn’t visited the new apartment, reminds Oblomov about the contract signed for a whole year and demands eight hundred rubles - six months in advance. Oblomov does not want to live with godmother Tarantiev or pay. He sends away a guest who has become unpleasant to him.

Chapter 2

Ilya Ilyich goes to Olga. He wants to tell Olga's aunt about the engagement. But Olga demands that he first get done with his affairs, find a new apartment, and write to Stolz.

Chapter 3

August ends, the rains come, and Oblomov still lives in the country. There is nowhere to move, and they have to settle on the Vyborg side with Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna, the widow of the college secretary. The hostess “was about thirty years old. She was very plump and white in face... Her eyes were grayish-simple, like her whole facial expression.” Oblomov goes to Olga for three days, but on the fourth it seems somehow inconvenient for him to go. In Agafya Matveevna’s house, in front of him, at first imperceptibly, and then more and more clearly, the atmosphere of his native Oblomovka unfolds, what Ilya Ilyich cherishes most in his soul.

Chapters 4, 5 and 6

Gradually, Oblomov’s entire household passes into the hands of Pshenitsyna. A simple, ingenuous woman, she begins to manage Oblomov’s house, preparing him delicious dishes, organizing his life, and again the soul of Ilya Ilyich plunges into a sweet sleep. Only occasionally does the peace and serenity of this dream explode with meetings with Olga, who is gradually becoming disillusioned with her chosen one. Rumors about the wedding of Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya are already being discussed between the servants of the two houses. Having learned about this, Ilya Ilyich is horrified: nothing has been decided yet, in his opinion, and people are already moving from house to house conversations about what, most likely, will never happen.

Chapters 7 and 8

Days flow by days, and now Olga, unable to bear it, comes to Oblomov herself. He comes to make sure that nothing will awaken him from his slow descent into final sleep.

Chapter 9 and 10

Meanwhile, Ivan Matveevich Mukhoyarov, Agafya Matveevna’s brother, with the help of Tarantiev, is taking over Oblomov’s estate affairs, so thoroughly and deeply entangling Ilya Ilyich in his machinations that he is unlikely to be able to get out of them.

Chapters 11 and 12

There is a difficult conversation between Ilya Ilyich and Olga, saying goodbye. And at this moment Agafya Matveevna is also repairing Oblomov’s robe, which, it seemed, no one could fix. This becomes the last straw in the torment of Ilya Ilyich, who is still mentally resisting - he falls ill with a fever.

Part IV
Chapter 1

A year after Oblomov’s illness, life flowed along its measured course: the seasons changed, Agafya Matveevna prepared delicious dishes for the holidays, baked pies for Oblomov, brewed coffee for him with her own hands, celebrated Elijah’s Day with enthusiasm... And suddenly Agafya Matveevna realized that she had fallen in love master

Chapter 2

Andrei Stolts comes to the Vyborg side and exposes Mukhoyarov’s dark deeds. Pshenitsyna renounces her brother, whom only recently she revered and was even afraid of. Stolz tries to stir up Oblomov, but he fails, and they say goodbye.

Chapter 3

Tarantiev and Ivan Matveevich again conspire against Oblomov.

Chapter 4

Having experienced disappointment in her first love, Olga Ilyinskaya gradually gets used to Stolz, realizing that her attitude towards him is much more than just friendship. And Olga agrees to Stolz’s proposal...

Chapters 5, 6 and 7

Six months later, Stolz reappears on the Vyborg side. Again he helps Ilya Ilyich get rid of Tarantiev. Then, without stirring up Oblomov, he leaves again.

Chapters 8 and 9

A few years later, Stolz comes to St. Petersburg. He finds Ilya Ilyich, who has become “a complete and natural reflection and expression of peace, contentment and serene silence. Peering, reflecting on his life and becoming more and more settled in it, he finally decided that he had nowhere else to go, nothing to look for...” Oblomov found his quiet happiness with Agafya Matveevna, who bore him a son, Andryusha. Stolz's arrival does not bother Oblomov: he asks his old friend just not to leave Andryusha.

“Eternal silence, lazy crawling from day to day, quietly stopped the machine of life. Ilya Ilyich apparently died without pain, without suffering, as if a watch had stopped and they had forgotten to wind it.”

Chapter 10

And after another five years, when Oblomov was no longer there, Agafya Matveevna’s house fell into disrepair and the first role in it began to be played by the wife of the bankrupt Mukhoyarov, Irina Panteleevna, Andryusha was asked to be raised by the Stoltsy.

Living in the memory of the late Oblomov, Agafya Matveevna focused all her feelings on her son: “She realized that she had lost, and her life brightened, that God put his soul into her life and took it out again; that the sun shone in it and darkened forever.” She only asks to save the money for Andryusha.

Chapter 11

And faithful Zakhar is there, on the Vyborg side, where he lived with his master, now asking for alms. He was rescued from the house of Agafya Matveevna Tarantyev, but he did not find a permanent place, so he was forced to beg.

Article menu:

The image of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna in Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is usually considered secondary, however, if you think deeper, you begin to understand how important a role she plays in the work.

This woman enters the life of Ilya Ilyich quietly and unnoticed and becomes a good angel for him. Thanks to her, the hero felt happy, and even though this happiness was to some extent an illusion, Ilya Ilyich lived the last years of his life with Agafya well and well. To understand the intentions and aspirations of this simple but kind woman, you need to familiarize yourself with her characteristics.

Agafya Pshenitsyna - a widow with two children

From the pages of the novel we learn that Agafya Pshenitsyna remained a widow with two children - eight-year-old Vanya and six-year-old Masha. Her former husband was the collegiate secretary Pshenitsyn, for whom the woman did not have any special feelings.

Agafya is not very smart

Down-to-earth and dull Agafya Pshenitsyna is the complete opposite of Olga Ilyinskaya, who strives for self-development. All the woman’s interests boil down to feeding Oblomov and the rest of the household deliciously, and cleaning the house and yard clean. Agafya does not attend the theater, is not interested in art, the heroine’s mind is limited, she is unable to perceive what goes beyond the usual understanding: “...She listened stupidly, blinking her eyes evenly...” The woman answered any question concerning a sphere that was distant to her a smile or silence, behind which she tried to hide her lack of education and ignorance.
However, if this woman started talking about a familiar subject, even dullness disappeared.

A distinctive feature of Agafya is thriftiness.

And in the kitchen, where she feels like a fish in water, and in the garden, and in the house, this woman works tirelessly. Not a single undarned sock, always ironed and sewn clothes, skillfully ground and brewed coffee, excellent baked goods, delicious food, cleanly decorated rooms - all this characterizes Agafya Matveevna as an excellent, even brilliant, housewife.

When Ilya Oblomov appeared in her destiny, this woman began to live and work for his happiness and well-being, giving all of herself to the one she sincerely loved. It is noteworthy that Agafya cooks herself, although she has a cook, Anisya, who helps.

It seems like this woman never rests. In addition, she is a great neat person. “Agafya Matveevna is neatness itself!” - Oblomov speaks enthusiastically about her when talking with Andrei Stolts.

House of Agafya Pshenitsyna

In St. Petersburg, on the Vyborg side, there is an old house with a large vegetable garden, which belongs to Agafya Pshenitsyna. Here, despite the small rooms with low ceilings and old windows, perfect order always reigns. “Plain walnut chairs were huddled along the walls; under the mirror stood a card table; the windows were crowded with pots of eranya and marigolds, and four cages with siskins and canaries hung…”

The furnishings in Agafya Pshenitsyna’s kitchen indicate that she is a real housewife. Here “there is everything that could be needed on the farm. In the kitchen there were large and small dishes, round and oval dishes, gravy boats, cups, piles of plates, cast iron, copper and clay pots. Agafya's pantry was full of various products. There was everything here - cheese, butter, meat, sugar, mushrooms, nuts, sour cream, eggs, and many other products.

Dear readers! We invite you to read the novel “Oblomov” by I. Goncharov

Four of all the rooms are occupied by Oblomov, who moved into the house; Agafya and her children live in the two non-dress ones, and the hostess’s brother, the official Mukhoyarov, lives at the top of the house.

Agafya and Oblomov

When Ilya Ilyich Oblomov appeared in Agafya Matveevna’s life, it flowed in a different direction. Joint farming brought these heroes closer together. Pshenitsyna now has someone for whom she can live, giving away her abilities and skills and enjoying reciprocal gratitude. “Everything in Pshenitsyna’s house breathed such abundance and completeness of economy, which had never happened before, when Agafya Matveevna lived in the same house with her brother.” “Before she saw it as a duty, now it has become her pleasure. She began to live in her own full and varied way,” the author characterizes the heroine from this side.

When Ilya Ilyich fell ill, Agafya, without taking her eyes off him, sat by his bed at night, and then ran to church, hastening to order a prayer service to remember his health. The woman became nervous and irritable, which was not observed in her before.

But as soon as Oblomov began to recover, “she gained weight again, again her household began to run briskly, cheerfully, cheerfully, with a little original touch.” A simple-minded woman, Agafya did not even know that she fell in love with Oblomov, she was not aware of her feelings, she simply lived for this person dear to her heart. And she was happy. The relationship between Agafya and Ilya Ilyich, developing, gradually grew into marriage. Oblomov married Pshenitsyna, and the couple had a son together, Andryusha. Life flowed peacefully and quietly, like Oblomov, but suddenly trouble came knocking on their cozy home.

Agafya after Oblomov's death

Unfortunately, the happiness of Agafya and Ilya did not last long. Oblomov died, and Pshenitsyna’s life seemed to stop. The inconsolable widow constantly cried and prayed in the church. The author describes this period of time as follows: “...There she is, in a dark dress, with a black woolen scarf around her neck, walking from the room to the kitchen like a shadow, still opening and closing cabinets, sewing, ironing lace, but quietly, without energy, speaks as if reluctantly, in a quiet voice...” The only joy for the woman was her son Andryusha, but she also gave him to the care of Stolz, because such was the will of her late husband.

The heroine of the novel was sure that she did the right thing, because she believed that the youngest son had no place among the mob, because he was a “little baron.” “He’s so white, like a liquid,” Agafya admired. What about adult children? Maybe they became a consolation for the unhappy mother? But no. The son and daughter each went their own way in life: Vanya graduated from a “science course” and entered the service, and Masha married the caretaker of a state-owned house.

Dear readers! We propose to analyze in I. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”

After Oblomov’s death, unfortunate Agafya lived in the same house with Anisya and Zakhar for six months, overcome with grief. She realized that “the sun shone in her and darkened again.” And only when, arriving at the Stolts, she saw her son, she burst into bitter tears, and Olga, imbued with the pain of the poor woman, cried with her. Unhappy Agafya, who experienced what love is, but lost a dear person forever. Alas, it happens, sometimes fate teaches bitter lessons. But you still have to live, despite everything.

The action of the fourth part of the novel, taking place on the Vyborg side, seems to return us to the setting of the beginning of the work, and at the same time - to Oblomov’s dream. Of course, the details of the situation have changed, but the essence remains the same. This is how the idea of ​​a ring composition arises. The hero's life comes to an end, and we have the opportunity to draw some conclusions.

In his youth, Oblomov looked like such a fiery and sublime romantic that you involuntarily remember his predecessor, Alexander Aduev. Yes, of course, Oblomov is more apathetic, he is more lethargic, but he was also characterized by romantic aspirations, he “kept hoping for something, expecting a lot both from fate and from himself; I was preparing everything for the field, for the role.” Once upon a time, his eyes “shone with the fire of life, rays of light, hope, and strength flowed from them.” And in his wildest dreams, Oblomov almost outdid the young Aduev: “He sometimes liked to imagine himself as some kind of invincible commander... Or he would choose the arena of a thinker, a great artist: everyone worships him; he reaps laurels; the crowd chases after him, exclaiming: “Look, look, here comes Oblomov, our famous Ilya Ilyich!”

We have gotten used to the other Oblomov, who is still lying on the sofa in a dressing gown.

It turns out that he was once different. He was no stranger to emotional disturbances, hopes, dreams - funny, of course, but still elevating him to some other, higher world, as is typical of all romantics. Stolz recalled another episode from Oblomov’s life, when he, a thin, lively boy, went every day to some two sisters, brought them Rousseau, Schiller, Goethe, Byron, “showed off in front of them.” What happened to the romantic Oblomov?

Dobrolyubov placed him in a certain typological series of so-called “superfluous people”, at the origins of which was Onegin. Without at all doubting the possibility of such a parallel, let us consider another connection between Goncharov’s novel and Pushkin’s novel.

For the romantic Lensky, there were two possible paths. He could have become a great poet - this is one option, but his life could have been like this:

Or maybe this: a destiny awaited the poet Ordinary. If the youth of summer had passed, the ardor of his soul would have cooled. In many ways he would have changed, He would have parted with the muses, gotten married, In the village, happy and horned, He would have worn a quilted robe; I would have learned about life in reality, I would have had gout at the age of forty, I would drink, eat, get bored, get fat, get sicker, And finally, in my bed, I would die among the children, Weeping women and doctors.

Perhaps not everything, but a lot was guessed and predicted by Pushkin with amazing accuracy - right down to the famous robe, which became a symbol of Oblomov’s laziness (“a real oriental robe, without the slightest hint of Europe”).

And before Oblomov there were also two paths. He made his choice - he chose the Vyborg side.

If the life of old Oblomovka was presented by the author with clearly palpable irony, now the tone of the narrative is changing. True, at first Pshenitsyna is ironically depicted, at whom Oblomov looked “with the same pleasure with which he looked at a hot cotton wool in the morning.” One day he asked her: “Are you reading anything?” In response, she simply looked at him. However, Oblomov shouldn’t ask Agafya Matveevna about reading! When the hero set out to kiss his mistress, she stood “straight and motionless, like a horse on which a collar is being put on.” Material from the site

But in the “sleepy kingdom” on the Vyborg side, it is Agafya Matveevna who turns out to be a living soul, waking up even unnoticed by herself. After all, in her life, in her environment, she had never seen or imagined people like Oblomov. There was finally some purpose to her existence; serving Oblomov acquired in her eyes the connotation of serving something higher; she realized her purpose on earth.

She fell in love with Oblomov for who he is, without calculations, without attempts to change him, to remake him in her own image and likeness. Goncharov, without any irony, but with obvious and ardent sympathy, wrote about Pshenitsyna at the end of the novel: “Her life was forever comprehended: now she already knew why she lived and that she did not live in vain. She loved so fully and a lot...”

Could Oblomov say the same about himself? Did he know why he lived? Were you convinced that you didn’t live in vain?

Didn't find what you were looking for? Use the search

On this page there is material on the following topics:

• life on the Vyborg side
• Goncharov's hero on the Vyborg side
• what the Vybsk side looked like in Oblomov’s novel
• Oblomov Vyborg side
• description of the Vyborg side of the debris