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Many good words about the standard schnauzer

In the 4th-3rd millennium BC, a peat dog lived in the northern part of Europe, and much later, starting from the 15th century, in the paintings and engravings of A. Durer, Reindols, Lucas Cranach the Younger, Rembrandt, we see the average growth of wire-haired dogs . At the beginning of the 7th century, a fountain appeared in Stuttgart depicting a night watchman with a similar dog...

The emergence and initial existence of the standard schnauzer, or simply the schnauzer, was plebeian. He is a hard worker dog, a smart worker, a specialist of a very wide profile - he guarded the stables, guarded herds of cattle, generally carried a vigilant watch for the safety of the owner's property and the owners themselves, saved them from mouse misfortune, and helped on the hunt. Later he was promoted in rank, entrusting the work of a herald and conductor of carriages and stagecoaches. The love of the nobility did not indulge the schnauzers, and this, of course, played into the hands of the breed - this little native of the people, a cunning and prankster, had never been in fashion before, which means that the fashion for him had never passed. In 1880, the schnauzer moves from the category of "just dogs" to the category of "breed", and it was then that the first primitive standard of the "German Wirehaired Pinscher" was created in Germany. And the real breeding of these dogs began in 1895, when Josef Berta founded the Pinscher Club. Our dog got its current name by the name of one of the founders of the breed - Schnauzer, which means "bearded". In total, the schnauzers had a lot of names - among them were the “rattler”, and the “stable pinscher”, and the “German stable griffon”. Undoubtedly, the mittel became the ancestor of two more varieties of schnauzers - rizen and zwerg, and together they make up a nice company. In the twentieth century, love and well-deserved recognition come to the schnauzer. The improvement of his moral qualities and efficiency, courage, intelligence and endurance did not leave indifferent the military and customs officers, and decent manners, cleanliness and original good looks (and to a greater extent - a surprisingly peculiar haircut) conquered aesthetes - townspeople, and especially townspeople.

Children, on the other hand, find in the mittel a cheerful comrade, a fearless defender, strong, dexterous and affectionate, like a kitten.

Why did he, this mustachioed imp, become so loved and popular?

Yes, because it is a dog for everyone.

Schnauzer will suit any, the most picky potential dog breeder:

Do you need a reliable watchman, but for some reason you deny yourself this, since you can't afford a big dog? Get a Schnauzer! He is strong and courageous, the role of a watchman has been developed in him for centuries. He has large sharp teeth, but a very moderate appetite and a complete lack of "gourmetism". He has an angry deep voice, and a huge bearded head with a formidable bang will frighten anyone who needs it. In terms of trainability, the schnauzer has few equals.

Do you need a family friend, a companion on hikes and trips, your children ask for a dog, but you are afraid of the difficulties associated with keeping a pet in an apartment? Get a Schnauzer! He never causes trouble. He always comes to your call and does not interfere if you are busy. Its endurance, “non-fatigue”, “windproof”, “non-shedding” are huge pluses. A well-bred schnauzer (and more often he is just that) does not sass, does not become stubborn in vain, does not gallop around the beds in a fit of surging energy. He does not bully other dogs for nothing, but he can stand up for himself. He will be happy to ride your children on a sled and run after sticks and balls tirelessly. And he will never offend anyone unless you ask him to. He eats everything that is given.

You need a dog for the soul, the only friend you can groom, cherish, with whom you can talk face to face. But you have heard from someone that many small dogs are petty, grumpy, they have their own quirks and unpleasant shrill barks! Get a Schnauzer! Or is it not small enough for you? But what a charming, original appearance he has. Everyone will turn around after you, seeing off a well-groomed, stunningly beautiful and full of charm dog of the color of a black-brown fox. The Schnauzer will gladly climb into your lap (of course, if it pleases you), expose its belly and blur in a blissful smile, folding its paws on its chest, just like a person who decided to change into a bristly dog ​​skin. And, looking into his deep, wise brown eyes, it will come to your mind more than once: “In a past life, my dog, without a doubt, was a man.”

The Schnauzer can stand at the window, elegantly leaning on the windowsill, sleep with his head on the pillow, can settle on his back, spreading his paws in different directions, sniffing charmingly at the same time. He might get addicted to raspberry jam and mayonnaise and you'll notice that you have such similar tastes! He will amaze you more than once with the fact that he understands hints, which he was not taught at all - he is full of tact and goodwill. On a walk, an adult schnauzer believes that he needs a leash in order not to lose his owner, and perceives the muzzle as disrespect for his Personality, so free and kept near you only by the power of love. He does not tolerate violence for the sake of violence, you cannot break him with a whip. But the schnauzer will take the well-deserved punishment stoically, and will imbue you with even greater respect. However, you will not raise your hand.

You need a dog to put on a chain in the garden for "noise effect", a ferocious, angry Cerberus to ..., however, everything is clear! Never, you hear, never get yourself a schnauzer! Your dog will be the most stupid, worthless, unbearable "yapper" with a vile thieves character. This lousy dog ​​will tear your favorite cherry, steal new shoes, eat a cake stolen from the table - and all this - as if out of spite. He just doesn't love you! The chain for the schnauzer is fatal, it destroys the intellect.

What else can a schnauzer do?
Able to climb trees and fences.
Able to take two-meter barriers and climb ladders.
Able to open doors with any handles.

He knows a lot about hunting crows, cats, moles and field mice, burrowing up to his ears in holes and snorting to a stupor.
She loves canine society, always holding one of the upper rungs of the hierarchical ladder.
The schnauzer gently kisses the owner on the ear or nose, hugs his neck with his paws, sighing touchingly, as after a long and painful separation.
He learns commands on the fly, also quickly assimilating crackers received for his efforts. Remembers the meaning of many words and expressions you use, and does not forget anything.
All your friends after the obligatory ceremony of barking, examining and sniffing become his friends, and if not, this is worth thinking about.
Each individual dog has its own unique personality, its own little tricks: some skillfully clean walnuts, some walk on their own, using the well-deserved trust of the owners.
During a walk, the dog is not at all averse to sitting on a bench with neighbors and intercepting a liver - another, while not allowing him to touch himself by the collar.

Schnauzers love cheerful companies and parties, especially if you can “eat” there. They also love to ride - on a trolleybus, bus, tram, and, best of all, on the owner's car, which they rightfully consider their own. My dog ​​behaves perfectly on the train - during a trip to Moscow, she rode with me without incident on the top shelf of a second-class carriage. Schnauzer loves trips to the forest, to the river, where you can hunt plenty of mice (and if you're lucky - and hares), and to the full protect the owners from "violators" with vicious and naughty barking, attacking all the oncoming ones - transverse, not maintaining the distance. Going out into the countryside for a few days with a tent is a real holiday for the soul for mittels. All of them immediately explore the territory occupied by the camp and determine a kind of "zone of fire" around the master's tent and car, and not a single stranger can appear nearby unnoticed and unwarned. All sorts of fawning before such a serious border guard is meaningless - the schnauzer is vigilant and incorruptible, and for the twentieth time he will be as unfriendly as the first. The schnauzer also behaves on a hike, constantly winding circles, and due to the fact that the sense of protection of the owner is much more developed than the sense of the hunter, the mittel will take care of the safety of the owner much more than the owner - about his dog. In addition, the spectacle of a muscular, fast-moving dog like a rocket, similar at the same time to a hare and a lynx, easily jumping over thick fallen trunks or a flashing silvery spark among tall grass is a spectacle of truly rare beauty, because the schnauzer, like no other breed of dog, has its unobtrusive perfection harmonizes with nature in any of its states. Although the schnauzer tries to restrain its sentinel manifestations in the city, however, the principle of the border zone clearly works here, and the mittel seems to escort the owner, busily describing narrow circles around, as if he had nothing to do with it at all (remember, because the herald is one of the main historically established professions of the schnauzer). For this reason, on walks, you need to keep your eyes open - so that your overzealous defender does not pester passers-by. However, schnauzers are most often liked by passers-by - they are painfully cute dogs. Mustaches, beard, eyebrows, horns, thimble tail, thick solid paws, big black nose, smart and cheerful facial expression, original hair, reminiscent of hedgehog needles - well, who can resist ?!

That's just not necessary with tenderness right away - the schnauzer does not like this, he does not trust strangers, except that he allows children some liberties.

The Schnauzer does not tolerate familiarity with strangers, but the owner allows everything if trust has been established between the dog and the person.

Combing, washing, wiping paws and beards, cleaning ears and teeth are perceived by the mitel as a kind of sacred act of communication - he understands the word how important it is, and how he pleases the owner with his impeccable behavior! A very important and beautiful character trait of a schnauzer is the ability for self-learning and self-improvement. His independence forces the owner to reckon with the individuality of his dog.

By nature, schnauzers are quite cautious, they do not commit reckless, illogical acts - for example, not a single self-respecting schnauzer jumps after a cat out the window, although I know fox terriers and shepherd dogs who did this trick. Yes, he is curious, but curiosity never takes precedence over common sense.

The Schnauzer keeps his heart hot and his head cold, while being sanguine and an incorrigible optimist. Such prudence of behavior proves that he does not need mandatory hard training.

Of course, the dog must be manageable, but for everyday communication it is enough to execute the following commands: “fu”, “to me”, “next”, “stop”. The “stop” command can often and successfully replace “sit”, “lie down” and “stand”. Training is best given to a puppy from 3 to 5 months, and the “fu” command should be given immediately, as soon as the baby invents some kind of trick for the very first time, and backed up with action. The effect of such active upbringing is striking. Of course, the mittel can handle both the OKD, the ZKS and the IPO, which many of them have successfully proven. But do not try to get the dog to follow orders mechanically - neither you nor he needs this, since your dog is used to thinking about actions. This is his dignity, and having “trained” a schnauzer, you will find that you are no longer as interested in him as it was before training. Some are fine with that, but most are not. However, in any circumstances, the owner of his such a sweet and affectionate dog must remember

The standard schnauzer is a real service breed, in many countries it is classified as a privileged police and customs dog.

And as Werner Jung, a wonderful connoisseur of schnauzers and pinschers, wrote, “The combination of nobility with strength that guarantees high performance is a constant source of admiration for this dog for us. If we have managed to correctly understand the features of the schnauzer, to feel its essence and qualities and have not sacrificed the wonderful features of the dog’s character to the momentary fashion, then, naturally, our schnauzer will never lose its natural right to exist, and subsequent generations get a lot of joy from communicating with him. ".

That is why the owner should treat the mittel as a serious dog, no less responsibly than, say, a Rottweiler or a "big brother" - Riesen. It is also necessary to remember that the Mittelschnazer is, without a doubt, a show dog. The very process of trimming and cutting, or, more simply, bringing it into proper shape, implies some kind of result, at least like a medal and a photograph as a keepsake. Possessing an extremely strong psyche and amazing balance, schnauzers do not know what “show shock”, “breakdown” is. They are truly actors. Of course, you can not demand "aerobatics" from beginner "debutants", but experience comes surprisingly quickly - both to you and to the dog.

the schnauzer, of course, is a service dog with a pronounced guarding instinct. Without a doubt, she is the best dog for a tourist, a mushroom picker, an athlete. Mittel is a friend and protector of children. He is handsome and therefore his owners, as a rule, are people with taste, intelligent. The Schnauzer is smart and affectionate, and the very difficult role of a decorative dog is quite up to him. The Schnauzer is a "light breed", unlike Dobermans, Rottweilers, Great Danes, whose owners must have some experience in dealing with dogs. Many people start their "cynological education" with schnauzers, and they are right. And it is unlikely that they will be able to change the mittel for someone else in the future, even if such a case turns up. Because the standard schnauzer is a piece of your soul, a lifestyle. And if you still doubt that you really need such a dog - you do not love dogs disinterestedly, just because they are dogs.

Sign O.V. "Many good words about the standard schnauzer." (“Your hobby”, - 1994, No. 2, pp. 3-5. (Publishing house of the “Belarusian Press House”)).

Black standard schnauzer

world I.R. Semeykina
(Moscow)

MITTELSCHNAUZER
BLACK COLOUR.
HISTORY OF THE BREED IN RUSSIA.

Of the bitches attracted attention:

Best of breed and

MALE. Open class:

FEMALE. Open class:

FEMALE. Junior class:

Best of breed and
Best male - VESTER SANBECLOR.

MALE. Open class:
1. VESTER SUNBECLOR (Rufin Schwartz + Sunny Baklor), ow. Nikiforov V.V.
MALE. Junior class:

FEMALE. Open class:

Show-exhibition of dogs.

Best Female - RUTSEIA RADON BEL.

MALE. Working class:

MALE. Open class:

MALE. Junior class:

FEMALE. Winner class:
1. RUTSEIA RADON BEL (Rudolf Schwartz + Zol D "Tseraya Bekvil), own. Eliseeva N.V.
FEMALE. Open class:

FEMALE. Junior class:

Elite class received:

HNUKS Ts "TIM BEL - elite,
RUDOLF SCHWARTZ - elite,

KESSIE F. SKATSHTADT - elite,
CAESAR F. ALTEN 38 - elite,

and published in Nos. 2(6)'95 and 1(7)'96. I.R. Semeykina
(Moscow)

MITTELSCHNAUZER
BLACK COLOUR.
HISTORY OF THE BREED IN RUSSIA.

Everyone knows the Mittelschnauzer. He settled into Russia with ease. Thanks to its universal qualities, it has firmly occupied its niche in dog breeding and found a lot of admirers.
Unfortunately, the black standard schnauzer is less known in our country. Although, all over the world, both representatives of the breed, both black and the more common "pepper and salt" color, enjoy well-deserved recognition. Despite the common roots, a single standard and general requirements for the exterior, both directions in the breed are kept clean, which is dictated by the complexity of breeding by color. At exhibitions, examination is carried out in different rings, with the assignment of equivalent titles based on the results. Both "Best of Color" have the right to receive titles ("CAC", "CACIB") and take part in the competition for the title of "Best in Group" on a common basis. Thus, all over the world it is customary to talk about two independent breeds: the standard schnauzer of the "pepper and salt" color and the black standard schnauzer.
Breeding of black medium schnauzers in our country began several years later than their gray brothers. Moreover, black schnauzers did not initially have such a rich import of sires, thanks to which the pepper-and-salt standard schnauzers got off to a great start.
This had a significant impact on the fact that black standard schnauzers are still a rarity at our shows. Despite the relatively small number of livestock of this breed in our country, many of them are of a fairly high class. And some of the level of the exterior is quite capable of competing with foreign dogs at the largest international exhibitions in Europe. What attracts the attention of specialists. Therefore, I hope that the material published here will arouse keen interest not only among the owners of black schnauzers, but also among many dog ​​breeders who follow the events taking place in the "dog world". Exhibitions are a traditional form of resolving all disputes in dog breeding. And this material is illustrated by exhibition reports given in chronological order.

The first black standard schnauzers that appeared at Moscow shows in the late seventies were LORBAS F. MERKHENWALD (import from the GDR, owner Miklashevsky) and, somewhat later, ATIM TLAPKA (import from Czechoslovakia, owner Afonkin B.Ya.).
According to the rules of the exhibitions of those years, the title "Group Winner" could be awarded only in those rings where at least five participants were represented. Otherwise, the dogs received only a mark, although the ring arrangement was maintained. Thus, our first exhibitors were left without titles, for lack of competitors. And although both named males were of a high conformation level, their highest award was an "excellent" rating.
In the eighties, the first black female was brought to Moscow. It was BEXY OT TLAPKA (import from Czechoslovakia, ow. Zaychikova I.A.). BEKSI became the ancestor of the breed in our country. For a long time, she appeared in all pedigrees of black standard schnauzers. And today it is still present in the pedigrees of 70% of the livestock, if we trace more distant tribes of ancestors. By coincidence, ATIM and BEKSI turned out to be brother and sister - the weather. That significantly complicated the initial stage of breeding.
The first litters of black standard schnauzers, received from BEKSI, and later from her daughters, were registered in the stud book of the Podolsk City Kennel Club (PGKS), one of the largest and most respected clubs in the country in those years. It is not surprising, therefore, that the Podolsk exhibitions were at that time the main gathering place for black standard schnauzers. The participants of these exhibitions were BEKSI, her children and grandchildren. But their number was so small that the conditions for holding exhibitions of those years rarely allowed anyone to be awarded titles.
Nevertheless, already at this stage, a number of dogs stood out noticeably. These are males:
ZOL GRAF BEKVIL (own. Latysheva L.Yu., o. WILLY, m. BEKSI OT TLAPKA), who later became the first CHAMPION in the breed, and in 1987 received the title "Best Standard Schnauzer of the Estonian Republican Show" under the judgment of Reitso Latvala (Finland) ;
RUFIN and RUDOLF SCHWARTZ, ow. respectively Zenkina I. and Shirshov V. (littermates, father DZHELO BILBO VIKING, m. ZEGEN VITA);
ZORRI BECKLOR (f. LORBAS F. MERKHENWALD, m. BEKSI OT TLAPKA), ow. Luneva T.V.;
littermates VAIDUNG and VESTOR SUNBECLOR (f. RUFIN SCHWARTZ, m. SUNNY BECKLOR), ow. respectively, Ivanova N.V. and Nikiforov V.V.
Of the bitches attracted attention:
SUNNY BACKLOR (ow. Zaychikova I.A., Fr. LORBAS F. MERKHENWALD, m. BEKSI OT TLAPKA), who later became an outstanding breeder;
QINGDY-JIMMY BACKLOR, sister-weather of the previous one, ow. Fedorov I.M.;
WALDA SUNBECLOR and WITTEN SOLLY SUNBECLOR (littermates, Fr. RUFIN SCHWARTZ, m. SUNNY BECKLOR), ow. Kravchenko M. and Milyukov E., respectively. Moreover, WITTEN SOLLI in 1988 received the title "Best Junior" at an exhibition in Tallinn under the expertise of Revaz Khomasuridze.
All black schnauzers, as already mentioned, were descendants of BEXY OT TLAPKA, forming a blood family on which further breeding was built. The exceptions were RUFIN and RUDOLF SCHWARTZ, obtained from a "pepper and salt" female ZEGEN VITA and DZHELO BILBO VIKINGA, a male brought to Leningrad from Denmark. On the issue of crossing standard schnauzers of "pepper and salt" color with black ones, one should dwell in more detail, because. it is still relevant today.
More than 10 years ago, at the initial stage of breeding, we allowed two cases of matings of black standard schnauzers with pepper-and-salt standard schnauzers. Male VILLY (owner Litovar, o. ARAM ESTAKADA, m. AZAZEL NOEL) and female ZEGEN VITA (owner Semeykina, o. AGENOR OD RODISHOVKI, m. ALFA ANBEL) were entered into breeding. Both of these dogs, of a fairly high class, were selected to improve the livestock and, it should be noted, had a great influence on the development of breed types of black standard schnauzers subsequently.
A similar crossing of schnauzers of the color "pepper and salt" and black took place in Leningrad. Black male DZHELO BILBO VIKING (ow. Mikheev IM) was used on females of "pepper and salt" color to produce black schnauzers. To fix the color of the VIKING, they knitted with his daughters, periodically including new dogs of the "pepper and salt" color in this process. This is a difficult and risky path.
In world practice, cases of such breeding are known. Especially often they were allowed at the dawn of the formation of the breed in the first half of the century. Experienced Black Standard Schnauzer breeders know that this step of blood renewal is followed by a long and difficult job of culling schnauzers with unstable colors that can be unpredictable. This process can take several generations. Moreover, when selecting pairs, the purity of the color becomes a decisive factor. And not only the producers themselves, but also their ancestors, which requires a detailed analysis of the entire pedigree. It is unacceptable to bring together partners, each of which in the immediate vicinity has an ancestor of the "pepper and salt" color. It is very easy to lose the purity of the color, and it can take years to consolidate. What is forgivable in a hopeless situation cannot be practiced freely today, when there is no longer any threat of forced inbreeding. And the inbred breeding material is enough to conduct pure black breeding.
Finishing the review of the first stage of the development of the breed, it is necessary to provide some statistical information.
For the period from 1982 to 1989, 14 litters were received, registered in the PGKS stud book. Moreover, from 1982 to 1985 - one litter per year, in 1986 and 1987 - two litters, in 1988 - four. At the beginning of 1989, two litters were registered in PGKS, after which, from the second quarter of 1989, registration of born litters continued in the stud book of the Fauna Animal Lovers Club, which will be discussed below. There were 60 puppies in 14 litters, 30 males and 30 females. 11 males and 7 females participated in breeding. Of these, males JELO BILBO VIKING, LORBAS f. MERKHENWALD, RUDOLF SCHWARTZ and females BEKSI OT TLAPKA, ZOL D "TSEREYA BEKVIL, SUNNY BEKLOR were used more than once. At that time, Anashina A.V., responsible for the breeding job - Semeykina I.R., member of the council responsible for breeding work with black standard schnauzers - Zaychikova I.A.

The next period of breeding black standard schnauzers can be safely counted from 1989. With the beginning of perestroika, dog breeding in our country began to develop at an accelerated pace. There was freedom to organize new clubs, arrange exhibitions with inter-expertise, travel to foreign exhibitions and bring imported dogs. For many dog ​​breeders, this time meant a new phase of breeding.
Certain changes have taken place in our breed. To begin with, a group of owners of black standard schnauzers decided to move to the capital. The first and, for a long time, the only largest independent section of black standard schnauzers was organized in Moscow at the hospitable Club of animal lovers "Fauna". At the first meeting of dog owners, a council of breeders was created, which included Zaichikova I.A., Ivanova N.V., Churina E.K., Kuptsova E.K. Semeykina I.R. became the chairman of the section. It was these people who subsequently set the tone for all breeding.
A new, interesting life began.
On May 28, 1989, we took part in the 1st All-Union Exhibition of Schnauzers KLZh "Fauna", held in the Park. Dzerzhinsky. The exhibition brought together a record number of black schnauzers for those times - more than 20 dogs. Especially strong was the open class of males.

I All-Union Exhibition of Schnauzers.
Organizer - Club of Animal Lovers "Fauna". 05/28/89. Moscow, Park im. Dzerzhinsky. 21 dogs (12 males and 9 females). Judge Lebedev Yu.M.
Here and below, all named dogs were rated "excellent".

Best female - TsINDI JIMMY BACKLOR.

MALE. Open class:
1. VESTER SUNBECLOR (Rufin Schwartz + Sunny Baklor), ow. Nikiforov V.V.
FEMALE. Open class:
1. TsINDI JIMMY BACKLOR (Lorbas F.Merhenvald + Beksi Ot Tlapka), ow. Fedorov I.M.
FEMALE. Junior class:
1. LIRA KHNUROXA (Roni N "Amur + Khnuksa Tsetim Bel), own. Korenevskaya L.

1989 pleased us with its events.
Almost simultaneously, with a difference of several months, several imported manufacturers were brought in. All of them positively influenced the development of the breed in Russia.
A Czech male BARON OT SOVOVYCH MLYNU (owner Petrova L.I.) joined our breeding. By order of the Club from the same Czechoslovakia, a small ADRAR Z KAMENNY DVORKA (owner Krylova T.A.) was brought. From Poland, thanks to the initiative of Grishina T.A. (PShK "Adrian"), littermates CERT and ZEDRA Z PUSCHIA DARZHLYUBSKOY (owner Kharlampovich T. and Schukina O., respectively) were imported.
The winter club exhibition of the Schnauzer Club of the KLJ "Fauna" in 1989 also presented its surprises. For the first time our livestock was evaluated by a foreign expert Karl Feltz (GDR). The guest of the exhibition was already a respectable ZOL COUNT BACKWIL, who, according to the results of previous exhibitions, was awarded the title "Breed Champion". After the show rings, the first evaluation of our two sires took place - BEXY OT TLAPKA (ow. Zaichikova I.A., Fr. IRIS PATRIA BOGEMIKA, m. LINDA TONVERI) and SUNNY BECKLOR (own. Kuptsova E.K., Fr. LORBAS F .MERKHENWALD, m. BEKSI FROM TLAPKA). Both dogs were assigned the breeding class "elite", and BEXI received the title "Best sire in 1989." The solemn presentation of memorable gifts, a dense ring of spectators, applause - it was a real holiday!
So the exhibition is over. Mr. Karl Feltz highly appreciated the Black Schnauzers presented, inviting the best dogs to an exhibition in Berlin next spring. It was a real surprise for all of us!

Winter Club Show of the Schnauzer Club of the KLZh "Fauna".
Organizer - Club of Animal Lovers "Fauna". 1989 Moscow, Circus School. 14 dogs. Judge Karl Feltz (GDR).

Best male - VESTER SANBECLOR.

MALE. Open class:
1. VESTER SUNBECLOR (Rufin Schwartz + Sunny Baklor), ow. Nikiforov V.V.
MALE. Junior class:
1. GEITIM WEITZER BEL (Waidung Sunbacklor + Zol D "Tseraya Bekvil), own. Churochkina L.E.
FEMALE. Open class:
1. RUTSEIA RADON BEL (Rudolf Schwartz + Zol D "Tseraya Bekvil), own. Eliseeva N.V.

In the spring of 1990, our section took an active part in the preparation and holding of the largest exhibition at that time, organized by the Interregional Cynological Association of the USSR and the Fauna Cynological Association.

Show-exhibition of dogs.
The organizers are the Interregional Cynological Association of the USSR and the Club of Animal Lovers "Fauna". 05-06.05.90. Universal sports yard "Wings of the Soviets" in Setun. Interexpertiza (Hungary).

Best of Breed and Best Male - ADRAR Z KAMENNOY DVORKA.
Best Female - RUTSEIA RADON BEL.

MALE. Working class:
1. WAYDUNG SANBECLOR (Rufin Schwartz + Sunny Baklor), ow. Ivanova N.V.
MALE. Open class:
1. ELBERT ZORWALD (Tsorri Beklor + Valda Sanbeklor), ow. Zhilkin V.V.
MALE. Junior class:
1. ADRAR Z STAMNY DVORKA (Czechoslovakia), (Eri Leaflet + Erna Ba-Ba), ow. Krylova T.A.
FEMALE. Winner class:
1. RUTSEIA RADON BEL (Rudolf Schwartz + Zol D "Tseraya Bekvil), own. Eliseeva N.V.
FEMALE. Open class:
1. ELLY ZORVALD (Tsorri Beklor + Valda Sanbeklor), ow. Tsymbalova L.A.
FEMALE. Junior class:
1. J-YORRI YV-KHNAYD (Waydung Sunbacklor + Hnuksa Tsetim Bel), ow. Gotgelf S.V.

On May 13, 1990 in Berlin, in a huge and beautiful city park, the International Exhibition of the two uniting Germanys was held. 37 black standard schnauzers were declared in the catalog of the exhibition. I must admit - it was a real test for us, which we passed with honor. Our schnauzers showed themselves perfectly.
VESTER SUNBECLOR (own. Nikiforov V.V.) became the Winner of the open class, having won the titles of the Winner of the exhibition and the Candidate for the Champion of the GDR. ADRAR Z KAMENNOY DVORKA (ow. Krylova T.A.) got the third prize "excellent", which was a good result, because ADRAR was barely 16 months old and entered the open class for the first time. RUCEJA RADONA BEL became the Winner of the open class, the Winner of the exhibition, the Candidate for the Champion of the GDR.
These results became a significant event in the history of breeding black standard schnauzers in Russia. After all, both of our winners are domestic breeding!
And at home everything went on as usual. Active import of manufacturers continued. A female from the GDR KESSI F.SKATSHTADT (owner Kutovaya T.) was brought to Moscow, and in the autumn of 1990 an adult female from Czechoslovakia DARINA Z LAYHOVICE was brought. In, now already, St. Petersburg, the male TSESAR F.D.ALTEN 38 (import from the GDR, owner Ivanova L.I.), as well as the female EVELYN NERO (import from Czechoslovakia, owner Petushkova L.P.) were imported. A male IRIAN F.BURG NORMANSHTEIN (owner Ivanova L.) was brought to Minsk from the GDR. All these producers had a significant influence on the further development of the breed in Russia.
In the autumn of 1990, the section of black standard schnauzers joined a group of enthusiasts who left the Schnauzer Club of the KLZh "Fauna" and organized the All-Union, now the All-Russian Pinscher-Schnauzer Club (VPSHK), headed by President Mysova N.S., where she was until 1994 years, before joining the RKF kennel club "Krakatuk".
So, for the period from the II quarter of 1989 to the III quarter of 1990, the registration of the breeding documentation of the black standard Schnauzer breed took place in the studbook of the KLZh "Fauna". During this time, 15 matings were carried out, 12 litters were received. 65 puppies were born - 35 males and 30 females. 9 males and 12 females participated in breeding. Of these, males ATIM TLAPKA, RUDOLF SCHWARTS, BARON OT SOVOVIKH MLYNU, VAIDUNG SANBEKLOR and females SUNNY BECKLOR, HNUKSA TSETIM BEL were used more than once.
The considered period is also interesting because until the 90s our section was the main and practically the only largest breeding center for the breed. Separate matings carried out in other clubs were isolated cases. Thus, everything that happened in our section determined the state of the breed as a whole, especially in Moscow. And the mentioned and unmentioned breeding schnauzers of that period are found in the pedigrees of almost all black schnauzers, not only in Moscow, but also in other cities.
It was in the nineties that some breeders began their independent path. Someone did it lightly, someone counted on serious work. This was an important milestone for the breed as a whole. The natural process of emerging competition confirmed that the breed "has taken root in fertile soil", has taken root in our country and one can no longer be afraid of its disappearance, but only the irrepressible, at times, zeal of novice breeders. You always want to keep the best and, in pursuit of something new, not to lose the old and reliably tested that has already been created.
So, since the end of 1990, the breeding of black schnauzers has ceased to be the monopoly of one club, but the activities of our section continued to largely determine the state and prospects of the breed. Therefore, although the further events described in this article are directly related mainly to the breeding of black standard schnauzers in our club, I hope they will be of interest to all readers.

In 1993, breed enthusiasts celebrated two anniversaries at once: the 10th anniversary of breeding black standard schnauzers in Russia and the 10th anniversary of the existence of the first section in the country that united lovers of this breed.
Over the years, a large friendly team has been formed, which has managed to do a great job, the result of which is our current livestock. In breeding, working qualities were taken into account - preference was given to schnauzers who had completed a training course. There were strict requirements for both the color and the structure of the coat. Annually, at the autumn club tribal reviews, the sires were assessed based on the results of the year.
Here you can give some statistical data from the stud book for the period from 1983 to 1993 inclusive.
The number of matings registered in the book is 84. Of these, exchange referrals to other cities are 23. The number of matings in the club is 61. The number of puppies born in the club is 307, of which 149 males and 158 females. 25 males and 48 females were used in breeding.
Elite class received:
BEXY OT TLAPKA - elite, Best producer in 1989,
ZOL D "ZEREYA BEKVIL - elite, Best producer in 1991,
SUNNY BACKLOR - 2*elite, Best Producer 1991, 1992,
HNUKS Ts "TIM BEL - elite,
WAIDUNG SANBAEKLOR - Elite, Best Producer 1991,
RUDOLF SCHWARTZ - elite,
ADRAR Z STAMENY DVORKA - 2*elite, Best producer 1992, 1993,
BARON FROM OWL MLYNU - elite,
KESSIE F. SKATSHTADT - elite,
CAESAR F. ALTEN 38 - elite,
RUTSEIA RADON BEL - Elite, Best Producer 1993
Our section, registered in 1995 in the RFLS RKF as the Kennel Club "Krakatuk", is still the largest breeding center for breeding black standard schnauzers in Russia. We are happy to keep in touch with everyone who is interested in our breed.
Black standard schnauzers of our breeding are successfully exhibited, winning titles at prestigious exhibitions not only in our country, but also abroad.
So in 1990 RUTSEIA RADON BEL (known under her house name Barbatsutsa) and VESTER SANBECLOR became the Winners of the International Exhibition in Berlin. And then young (16 months old) ADRAR Z KAMENNOY DVORKA (import from Czechoslovakia, ow. Krylova T.A.), who was shown in the open class for the first time, got the third prize "excellent".
In 1994 at the Winter Show in Helsinki (Finland), shown in the open class BLANKA KESSINERO (ow. Kutovaya T.), she passed the second place with an "excellent" rating, losing to the highest class Finnish female, who in turn became the Best of Breed, having won against two Champions of Finland.
In 1995, a group of schnauzers from our club took part in the International Exhibition in Hungary, held in Budapest. All three presented dogs successfully showed themselves: KRAKATUK OMELA OT BARBATSUTSY (owner Ilyinskaya OM) became the Young Winner of Hungary in the junior class. VAKHMURKA OT BARBATSUTSA (ow. Semeykina, Kolesnikov) got CAC, and young PERIKLEZ VIDOR (import from Hungary, ow. Semeykina, Katiba), having received CAC and CACIB, became the Winner of Hungary.
Half a year later, in the winter of 1996, at the international dog show in Estonia, PERIKLEZ VIDOR, becoming the best male, once again received CAC, CACIB and the title "Estonian Winner". His daughter, KRAKATUK OMELA OT BARBATSUTSA, also won the titles CAC, CACIB, "Estonian Winner" and, in addition, became "Best of Breed".
Returning to the story about the tenth anniversary of the breed in Russia, I would like to dwell in more detail on the 1993 year associated with this event.
In honor of the first black schnauzer litter born in Moscow, we initiated the first specialized exhibition called "Birthday", which took place on October 31, 1993 in the Palace of Youth of the Perovsky District. The examination was carried out by Ivanov A.S. The guest of honor and participant of the exhibition was the hero of the occasion, the birthday boy ZOL COUNT BEKVIL (owner Latysheva A.Yu.). Unfortunately, this was his last exhibition. In the spring of 1995, GRAF died. But, as the results of the exhibition show, GRAF, despite his age, was in excellent show form.
An unprecedented number of black standard schnauzers - 56 dogs were presented at the exhibition. Holding such a significant exhibition for our breed showed that we are on the right track. Not every international exhibition abroad collects such a number of black standard schnauzers. It is especially pleasant to note the high exterior level of the participants. The exhibition "Birthday" in terms of the number of exhibitors can be compared with the World Exhibition held in Brno, Czechoslovakia, a country famous for its population of black schnauzers. The class winners were ZOL GRAF BEKVIL (own. Latysheva), ADRAR Z KAMENNY DVORKA (own. Krylova), TSERADRA ALEX BEL (own. Petrushechkina), ZORRO BILONG (own. Gorlov), CHILFILROYD CHERNNY STRAZHNIK (own. Ermolaeva), RUTSEIA RADON BEL (own. Eliseeva), VETTA OT BARBATSUTSY (own. Gaidukova), ROGNED OT BARBATSUTSY (own. Farbyazh).
10 years is a relatively short period of time. In dog breeding there is a change of 4 - 5 generations. What was the state of the breed at that stage of development.
Of course, we can safely talk about the established blood family BEKSI OT TLAPKA - the ancestor of the breed, taken out of Czechoslovakia. Her children and grandchildren from different breeders and variants of inbreeding on BEXI in various combinations showed that the representatives of this family have and fairly stably inherit a number of common qualities, forming a certain breed type. They are characterized by: medium size, dry-strong type of constitution, proportionality of physique, somewhat shortened chest, the best representatives have a short strong back, compactness and the correct apparatus of movements. As well as hard black wool with sufficient dressing hair. Among the problems inherent in the schnauzers of the BEXI family, it should be noted a narrow forceps, clarified eyes, as well as excessively small individuals encountered. The best representatives of the BEXI family include such dogs as ZOL GRAF BACKVIL, P-CHARLI CHURI (Atim Tlapka, m. Tsassi Baklor), TSERADRA ALEX BEL, WEITZER GEYTIM BEL, RUTSEIA RADON BEL, etc.
A group of schnauzers, markedly different from those mentioned above, combines direct descendants and inbreeding schnauzers descended from LORBASA F. MERCHENWALD and JELO BILBO VIKING. As well as children of a very harmonious female EVELIN NERO (import from Czechoslovakia, ow. Petushkova, St. Petersburg), a relative of VIKING through her grandfather ESCO F. HOLDHEIMER HOE (West Germany). These are larger, bony, well-formed schnauzers of noble lines, with a pedigree head, a long chest and, as a rule, better limbs. The disadvantages include an elongated lower back and insufficient compactness. The most prominent representatives of the group under consideration: RUDOLF SCHWARTZ, ZORRI BACKLOR, ELBERT ZORWALD, ALVAYDA, ROGNEDA OT BARBATSUTSA, EVA APPULEI AUSDEMKHANHAUS, etc.
The third formed group can be considered the descendants of BARON OT SOVOV MLYNU (Czechoslovakia) and CERT Z DARZHLYUBSKAYA FOREST (Poland). These producers are united by a number of common ancestors like uncle and nephew. But, nevertheless, this group can hardly be called independent, both in terms of phenotype and genotype, but rather can be considered intermediate to the general group of dogs imported from Czechoslovakia ("Czech" group). To confirm this, it is enough to carefully consider the pedigrees, where already in the third generation common roots with BEXI OT TLAPKA are found.
And the last group of dogs distinguished by us is represented by the descendants of the German schnauzers CAESAR F. ALTEN 38, KESSI F. SKATSHTADT, IRIANA F. BURGNORMANSHTEIN. And although their ancestors from the Weisbushe kennel make them related to LORBAS F. MERKHENWALD, let's not forget that only two litters were received from LORBAS, and both litters from BEKSI OT TLAPKA.
German Schnauzers are a separate group of classic representatives of the old type. Along with the strength of the build, the correct format, as well as the excellent very coarse coat, some representatives of this group are distinguished by some coarseness, large eyes, a low-set tail, emphasizing the length of the top. However, the German Schnauzers brought a fresh air to breeding. There was a tendency to increase growth, to the enlargement of the backbone. In general, their participation in breeding has had a positive effect, enabling the emergence of many new combinations.
Thus, we have identified the most typical groups of black standard schnauzers that developed in our country at the turn of the nineties. It should be noted that each group has its best representatives, excellent pedigreed animals demonstrating their pedigree type.
Analyzing the development of the breed, it is difficult to talk about linear breeding. Rather, it was a corrective selection of pairs due to the relatively small number of breeding stock and the lack of prepotent sires of the desired class.
An exception can be considered ADRARA Z STONE DVOROK, standing somewhat at a distance from the general "Czech" group. ADRAR has established itself as a strong manufacturer. In the ADRARA pedigree there is a 3:3 inbreeding for the Czech LASCO Winner F.D. BERTLINGER SEGEMÜLE (breeding from Germany). Analyzing reports from exhibitions over the past few years, we see that in the overwhelming majority it is the children and grandchildren of ADRARA who win first places. In 1995, the breeding group of descendants of ADRARA twice took part in the competition of breeding producers and twice won prizes.
Already in recent years, imports to Russia of black standard schnauzers have become richer. New promising manufacturers have appeared.
An adult female ANKA F.SHLEHENBUSCH was brought from Germany, from which an interesting litter has already been received. We are pleased to note the high conformation level of this dog and absolutely fresh blood for us.
The male PERIKLEZ VIDOR was imported from Hungary, who at the age of two is the owner of the titles 2*CAC, 2*CACIB, R.CACIB, "Winner of Hungary", "Winner of Estonia" and 8*KChR. We have high hopes for him as a manufacturer. Judging by the first litters, VIDOR (according to the domestic Gavryusha) successfully justifies them.
Everyone will certainly be interested in the recently arrived from Israel AMI BARZAKAN (owner Gutsal M.), who comes from the world-famous kennel of Rita Trainin. AMI is just starting its show career, which, hopefully, will be very successful.
Finishing my brief review, I would like to express my confidence that the growing interest of professional dog breeders in our still rare breed will make it possible to see more high-class animals at exhibitions. Black standard schnauzers deserve everyone's attention. Along with all the well-known qualities of the schnauzer, for which we love this breed so much, the black schnauzer has the highest potential as a show dog.

Article prepared in August 1995 - February 1996
and published in Nos. 2(6)'95 and 1(7)'96.

Animal Therapy

Emilia Detkina,
Kazan.

Briefly about animal therapy
or
The use of dogs for the development and rehabilitation of children with disabilities

The term "pet therapy" (or animal therapy, zootherapy) appeared in the middle of the twentieth century. Translated from English, pet is a generalized name for pets. In Europe and America, this is already an absolutely full-fledged branch of official medicine, within which meetings, seminars are held, and in some countries there are even training courses for specialists, after which one can engage in private practice. Where pet therapy has become an official medical discipline, a whole staff of specialists is engaged in the selection of animals, as well as monitoring communication with patients: a dog trainer, a veterinarian, a defectologist and a psychologist.
There is experience of using dogs in psychiatric hospitals for patients with schizophrenia who have refused contact with people.
In many US clinics, since 1994, two organizations have been operating - "Delta Society" in Seattle and "Therapy Dogs International" in New Jersey, which provide 4.5 thousand dogs, cats and other pets for the treatment of thousands of patients in 45 US states .
In animal therapy (animal therapy, pet therapy), several types can be distinguished:
APITHERAPY - the use of bees,
HERUDOTHERAPY - the use of medical leeches,
HIPPOTHERAPY - the use of horses,
DOLPHIN THERAPY - the use of dolphins,
FELINOTHERAPY - the use of cats,
CANISTERAPY - the use of dogs.
The use of dogs as "therapists" was first proposed by the American psychologist Levinson in 1961.
The main reason for the beneficial effects of a dog is its devotion. Dogs almost always improve mood. Positive emotions are not only pleasant, but also useful. When they are experienced, endorphins and enkephalins are produced in the body, which act on the "pleasure receptors" in the brain and at the same time establish homeostasis, regulate the vital activity of the body. All this makes it possible to fill the vacuum of communication that exists in a person's life. Dogs are used in therapy more often than other animals, because. they easily learn verbal commands and obey them easily. In the family, dogs usually have developed intuition and empathy (the ability to empathize).
Canistherapy is used in work with different categories of people. Very often - in nursing homes. At the same time, the dog allows you to moderate fear, depression, tension, reduce absent-mindedness, and mobilize motor functions.
Many Children's Centers in America and Canada operate under the "Reading with Rower" program, created in the state of Washington. This program allows children who are lagging behind in school, reading poorly, unable to concentrate, to significantly improve their results.
In cynological associations of the Volga Center for Extracurricular Activities (CVR) in Kazan, which I have been leading for the past 10 years, we have conducted studies that clearly demonstrate the beneficial effect of domestic dogs, regardless of their breed, on the well-being of both children and their family members. attending the classes: pressure stabilized, headaches disappeared, recovery after respiratory diseases was faster. Work on animal therapy, performed by members of our children's association, three years ago became the winner of the environmental conference for schoolchildren named after Lobachevsky, held annually at Kazan State University.
In addition to purely career guidance programs ("young trainer", "young handler", "young groomer" and "young veterinarian"), which have long and firmly entered the practice of our CVR, as an ecologist, I could not help but pay attention to the environmental aspects of working with dogs (a dog in a city is always a complex of ecological relationships and problems associated with the existence of a human-dog system) and introduced elements of canistherapeutic programs into its environmental and cynological training programs, speaking to children in orphanages and boarding schools, visiting patients who had a stroke and heart attack in one of the clinics in Kazan, conducting research on the impact of dogs on human health.
In November 2006 we were at the World Dog Show in Poland, in Poznan. Among the many stands and representative offices of various companies and clubs, I was pleased to see the stand of the Polish Association of Cinema Therapy (this is how canistherapy is called in Poland). I couldn't help coming. In communication with colleagues, it turned out that teams of volunteers with dogs (most often with Labradors) work in Poland at clinics and nursing homes, brightening up their loneliness and helping them recover from operations and a number of diseases.
And in June 2007, within the framework of the European Championship in Zagreb, Croatian cynological organizations presented a stand for canistherapy with the involvement of dogs - guides for the blind.
Today we can already talk about the creation of a number of health-improving children's centers and specialized units at cynological centers in different parts of our country.
The health-improving and correctional center based at the Tambov State University has developed a program for children with developmental delays placed in the regional psychiatric hospital.
The method of cynological psycho-correction is successfully used in the Ordyntsy cynological complex near Moscow.
In Murmansk, a group of volunteers with dogs "Vaykes" was invited to a correctional school and a specialized kindergarten for weekly classes. The set of exercises proposed by them leads to the correction of motor, speech, mental disorders in children with severe lesions of the nervous system and the musculoskeletal system.
In Kazan, in 2007, we created a group of volunteers (mainly with miniature schnauzers of pepper and black color) to work in correctional school No. 76, the administration of which not only enthusiastically accepted the author's program proposed by me, but also created all the necessary groups, attaching specialists to them - a defectologist and a speech therapist, allocating time and space for classes).
Ksenia Musienko and her mother, Olga Valentinovna Musienko, were involved in the work as volunteers. Since Olga Valentinovna is a professional teacher-defectologist, and in the past a pupil of one of my cynological associations, she was attracted by me to work on a program for the rehabilitation of children with developmental problems and its implementation. Ksyusha Musienko herself, as well as my son Yuri Detkin, and many other guys, my pupils, devote a lot of time to working with a dog. It is their work and achievements in the field of education and training of their pets that made possible the practical application of my author's canistherapy program. The guys travel a lot around the country (and even abroad), participating in competitions for "young handlers".
The work carried out immediately began to give results. Children involved in the program began to respond more actively to changes in the environment (this primarily concerns children with autism), movements in children with cerebral palsy became more coordinated. Teachers note improvements in writing letters in children with cerebral palsy and a mild degree of mental retardation, etc. And this is just the beginning of the work. The sets of exercises proposed by us will help children (of course, with medical support) to adapt more easily to the world around them.
For the second time, pupils of our junior handler school become winners of the most prestigious competition in Russia "junior handler" within the framework of the international exhibition "Eurasia" in Moscow. Following the graceful Kristina Kurina (2005), she became the charming Dasha Klenkova with her pupil, the miniature schnauzer Zvezda Detkina Warnfield (2007).
It is for performances at these competitions that the children and their mentors (teacher and parents) try to select calm, balanced, able to withstand great psychological stress, as a rule, not large, socially very well adapted dogs, which fully meets the requirements for dogs admitted together with a trainer to visit elderly people or patients with nervous diseases, with mental retardation, that is, companion dogs.
The therapy dog ​​should be sensitive to the problems of a sick child, help him overcome physical difficulties, feel his mood and be able to influence him.
Competitions (not only victories, but also defeats, the ability to concentrate, quickly make the right decision in a particular situation, concentrate on achieving the desired result) taught the guys courage, kind and careful attitude to all living things, love for nature. Perhaps that is why they readily responded to my offer to train therapy dogs and work as volunteers (that is, for free, as is customary everywhere in the world).
For people with disabilities, communication with a dog has a psychological impact, helps to feel safer and more independent.
Dogs help to cope with stress, various neuroses.
Specially trained dogs participate in canistherapy. Animals participating in psychotherapy must have an ideal character and high intelligence.
Dogs involved in working with sick children, in addition to generally accepted veterinary procedures, must undergo mandatory testing, which reveals the state of their psyche, the ability to withstand great psychological stress (which is communication with patients). Since it is generally accepted that a trainer over 18 years of age should manage a therapy dog, then when children from cynological associations are involved in the work, the participation of a professional cynologist or a cynologist teacher is necessarily implied.
Another nuance in our work is that we have to take into account the mentality of both the country and, specifically, Kazan. We had to completely eliminate the contact of children with large dogs. Even the attraction of such miniature and balanced dogs as the miniature schnauzer at first plunged both parents and sick children into shock and caused, if not fear, then apprehension (after all, the movements of these children are poorly coordinated, often unpredictable, not always adequate). I must say that in dogs, even those who have been tested, communication with sick children is associated with a great emotional and mental burden. In any case, we will continue this useful work.
The duty of a companion dog is to be always calm, friendly, patient and tolerant. Many pets of young handlers can play this role.
The ability of dogs to this or that work is revealed directly in the course of work. Unsuitable specimens are eliminated. In 2006, we conducted research in one of the art schools in Kazan. Deaf-mute children have been studying there for a number of years. It turned out that for these children, communication with a dog or cat is, if not decisive, then extremely necessary, and sometimes it saves lives! All of them draw domestic animals in drawings on a free theme (even if there is no dog or cat in the house). And one of the girls who also suffer from epilepsy, her mestizo dog saved her life: at night, during an attack, she raised a panic and woke up adults.
Summing up, I can say that there is a lot of work ahead. We have created several cycles of exercises using companion dogs and therapy dogs for sick children with problems of the musculoskeletal system. Training programs using dogs have been developed and are already being implemented to improve motor skills and coordination, concentration and development of different muscle groups in children with disabilities with various diseases. Several companion dogs have been tested, work has begun on training and testing therapy dogs. But we need like-minded people. And not only among dog owners (there are many such people among children and their parents), but also among those who manage specialized children's institutions. I really hope for their response. After all, it will be beneficial for everyone: for sick children - the opportunity for drug-free recovery and improvement of their lifestyle, for children involved in our associations - the opportunity to realize the importance of a healthy lifestyle, and all of us - to love nature and "our smaller brothers" even more, realizing their role in our life.

Article received in November 2007
and published in No. 1 (46) "2008

feeding with natural food

Irina Petrakova,
The article was published in the journal "Pyatnashka" No. 9 "2001 (publication of the club "A-Dalmatin", Moscow). In preparing this publication, the author made minor changes to the text.

ABOUT FEEDING WITH NATURAL PRODUCTS

Almost daily in my house there are calls from people who have recently bought a puppy, and sometimes who have already managed to raise it, who ask for information on how to feed a dog with natural products, what should be the diet, what is good and what is bad for their pet.
First of all, I must say that it is extremely difficult to write about what you do not personally use and give advice that you do not follow yourself. I am not a supporter of natural nutrition, and for the past 8 years we have been feeding our own dogs only dry food. We are very happy with them, and I think with horror that I would have to prepare rations for dogs myself.
In our kennel we keep six dogs of different ages and sexes: five Dalmatians and a Schnauzer, and we also grow 2-3 litters a year, not to mention foreign dogs of different breeds living in foster care. For their feeding we use at least 5 different varieties of ready-made food. That is, with natural nutrition for each of the dogs, it would be necessary to develop their own diet, based on breed and individual characteristics, condition, season, etc. But even if we kept only one dog, without being a professional nutritionist, I could not be completely sure that I put absolutely everything that is necessary in my pet's bowl.
Before you start feeding your dog a natural diet, you should ask yourself the question: "Why do you think it is better than the one made by a large manufacturer of ready-made dog food?" There may be several answers.
1. "They say that dry food is injurious to health, and that they are made from who knows what." This is not true. Modern dog food is the fruit of the work of serious scientists. Their development sometimes takes years of numerous laboratory studies and tests. 90% of dog owners around the world prefer to use them to feed their pets. If feeds were harmful to health or did not contain the high-quality ingredients indicated in them, their use would have been abandoned long ago.
2. "Our dog is allergic to prepared food." For such a conclusion, you first need to do allergy tests. You may have used the food incorrectly, overdosed, mixed it with natural products. Maybe this is a reaction to some trace elements or additives, and if you use another food, everything will be fine. Or maybe the dog is allergic to beef, and then when fed with natural meat, it will not disappear.
3. "Dry food is too expensive." This is not true. Even the best dry food will not cost more than a balanced, well-formulated natural diet of quality products. Of course, only if you do not replace the real meat that you buy for yourself with offal, trimmings or bones, and give your dog vegetables and fruits daily.
4. "My dog ​​doesn't eat dry food." I have never met a dog that flatly refused to eat any kind of dry food and preferred to starve for weeks before starting to eat it. All dogs have different tastes, and by trying several types of food and canned food and letting your dog know that you are committed to switching him to ready-made food, you are sure to find one that the dog will enjoy eating.
5. "Cooking is my hobby and it gives me joy to cook a variety of meals for the whole family and separately for the dog." This is perhaps the most compelling argument of all, with which it is difficult for me to argue.
If you are still firmly convinced that your dog should eat natural food, you need to determine the approximate list of products used.
Before starting to write this article, I studied a huge amount of literature on this issue for several days - books on nutrition, press publications, scientific articles, countless information posted on the Internet in Russian and English. And I didn't get much use out of them.
First of all, it should be noted that even among human nutritionists there is no consensus on how you and I should eat. Just think of such well-known methods as fasting (as well as its complete denial), raw food, vegetarianism, separate nutrition (it also has a lot of opponents), millions of different diets ... Many of them contradict each other, and it is completely impossible to figure out What is the best way to eat.
In dog breeding, things are no better. Foaming at the mouth, the authors argue among themselves about what foods should be consumed, and about how to prepare them. As you might guess, the authors of most books and articles, both domestic and foreign, are certified veterinarians with advanced degrees, as well as nutritionists and entire scientific groups. For example, one professor publishes a book called "Give the dog a bone!" and on 200 pages he proves that this is absolutely necessary, and two other, no less famous "luminaries" in their works claim that "bones lead the dog to premature death."
At the same time, most of the authors, as well as cynologists and other advisers, are very categorical in their statements and limit themselves to the statements: “you can’t give hercules to a dog” or “feed the dog with a tripe”, without giving any scientific justification.
Therefore, I want to emphasize that the advice given in this article is based on my personal experience, as well as common sense. Common sense suggests that in addition to pale grebes and other foods that are no less dangerous to health, you can feed an animal with almost anything. In the villages, chain mongrels eat slops and scraps from the table all their lives and live to a ripe old age.
However, if you want to feed your dog correctly, then a balanced diet should be preferred for daily feeding, in which proteins, fats, carbohydrates and fiber, as well as vitamins and trace elements, would be present in the right proportions.
It's okay if you give your beloved dog a piece of bread and butter or leftover pasta from your plate, but if these foods become the basis of his diet, then it is unlikely that he will eat properly and remain in good shape at the same time.
Let's not reinvent the wheel and see what ingredients are in most dry dog ​​food. After all, entire institutions have already worked on their content, so why should we invent something new?
First of all, the composition of the feed includes meat - a source of protein. Most often, beef or chicken (turkey) are used, and in dietary feeds - lamb. These types of meat are the best digestible and not too fatty, so you should use them. Cottage cheese and kefir are also suitable as an additional (but not the main) source of protein. From time to time you can replace the meat with marine fish, but keep in mind that its nutritional value is much lower than that of meat, and therefore, it should be given in larger quantities.
Rice, corn, and some cereals are used as a source of carbohydrates in ready-made feeds. For some reason, none of the feed manufacturers add millet, semolina, pearl barley or oatmeal. Obviously, you should not include them in your daily diet. But instead of corn (which is not very common with us, despite all the efforts of Khrushchev), buckwheat is perfect.
A dog also needs fiber. Manufacturers of ready-made feeds add various dried vegetables or, say, sugar cane pulp as a source of fiber. You can give cabbage, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin, apples...
Fats and vegetable oils are necessarily added to ready-made feeds. A good source of fatty acids is regular sunflower or olive oil (1-2 tablespoons per day).
Any dry food must include vitamins and mineral supplements. For your dog, a special vitamin complex of some well-known company is well suited (for example, "8 in 1", Beaphar, Vetzime, Bewidog or Exelpet.). Don't be tempted by the low prices of some mineral supplements. They may not be well balanced or contain all the necessary components.
In addition, some "strange" additional ingredients such as sunflower husks, soybean meal, corn germ meal, flax seeds or marigold petals are bound to be included in any good food in small quantities. Not being a nutritionist, I find it difficult to determine the purpose of these supplements, but they are also necessary for a complete nutrition of your dog.
You should be aware of one drawback of homemade food. It is usually soft and does not need to be chewed. In this case, no stimulation of the gums occurs, and the teeth are not cleaned of plaque and calculus. That is, it is good only in terms of its nutritional value. That is why, when giving homemade food, the dog should definitely be offered something to clean his teeth, such as a toy or a carrot. Although special dog biscuits and crackers for cleaning teeth are much better suited for this purpose.
So, we have listed the main components that should be included in the dog's diet. But this is only the minimum absolutely necessary for more or less proper nutrition.
Among the literature reviewed, I came across a book by the American author Liz Palick, published by the American Kennel Club under the title "Dog Nutrition and Health". True, of the 240 pages of the book, only the last 9 were devoted to home nutrition (probably the author does not believe that home nutrition and health are related), and the rest of the book was devoted to prepared foods. However, it contains a diet recommended by American experts for home nutrition. Here he is.
Mix in a large bowl:
- 450 g chopped meat (chicken, turkey, lamb), fried and melted excess fat;
- boiled and crushed medium-sized potatoes;
- 2 cups of boiled brown rice
- half a cup of boiled oatmeal;
- half a cup of boiled ground barley;
- half a cup of raw grated carrots;
- half a cup of finely chopped raw green vegetables (broccoli, spinach, green beans);
- 2 tablespoons of olive oil;
- 2 tablespoons finely chopped garlic.
The mixture is advised to divide into separate portions and store in the refrigerator. In addition, it is recommended to add yogurt, mineral, multivitamin, and herbal supplements as a top dressing.
This diet is intended for normal healthy adult dogs. For a high-calorie diet, half a cup of wheat sprouts and 4 hard-boiled eggs chopped with shells are also added here.
This diet really includes everything you need to properly feed your dog. But are you ready to feed her in this way, including all the recommended foods in the diet? I'm afraid that you will prefer a simplified scheme: porridge or cottage cheese in the morning, and meat with vegetables or porridge in the evening. In this case, you must be honest with yourself and be aware that this is absolutely not enough, and it would be much more useful to give the dog ready-made food, even if it is inexpensive.
Frequently asked questions about the amount of food and frequency of feeding. Of course, you know that puppies, depending on their age, eat often: from 3 to 6 times a day. After 7-8 months, the dog can be fed 2 times a day, although you may well leave 3 meals a day so that he has breakfast, lunch and dinner with other family members. But in this case, it will be fair to walk the dog three times a day.
The amount of food depends on the dog's appetite, mobility, weight and condition. And also from the ability to digest food. After all, we also eat differently: some a lot, some a little. One person can eat an entire frying pan of fried potatoes at dinner and still be slim, while another just looks at a bun and he begins to get fat.
Follow your own intuition, watch your dog's weight, and you'll be fine. However, in any case, your adult Dalmatian should eat about 250-350 grams of fresh meat per day, but how much you add "garnish" depends on the fatness of your pet. The number of vegetables and fruits in this case can not be limited. A puppy up to a year old needs more food than an adult dog, so the amount of meat should be more - 300-500 g daily.
If you have any doubts about whether your dog is in good shape, you can always show the dog to your breeder.
Also keep an eye on the quality of the wool. A dull, brittle, shedding coat is most often an indication that you still failed to create an optimal diet for your dog, and something is missing in his diet.
If the dog is too fat, the amount of food should be reduced, mainly due to carbohydrates (porridge), but more ballast fiber should be added - cabbage, apples. If she is thin - just increase the amount of food, add more carbohydrates and fats, offer a piece of bread and butter.
There are foods that are not recommended for dogs. These primarily include sweets, various seasonings, everything spicy, salty, smoked, too fatty meat, boiled bones. This means that you should not give them often. There is nothing wrong with occasionally giving your dog a piece of herring or a cookie as a treat. However, if you do this every day, she may develop health problems.
It is also not recommended to give offal to dogs - liver, kidneys, spleen, etc. Various toxins accumulate in them, and their nutritional value is not too high.
Like you and me, dogs have individual intolerance to certain foods. Some are allergic to meat or fish, while others are allergic to strawberries or oranges. An allergic reaction can be caused by almost any food, as well as vitamin supplements. Therefore, you can not rush to extremes, drastically change the dog's diet, overfeed it with any one product. In each case of allergy, you need to see a doctor and do a series of special tests.
Some Dalmatian owners I know, non-poor people, have been feeding their dog this way for several years: a pack of vacuum-packed sausages, plus a can of canned food such as "camping porridge" with all kinds of spices, raw chicken ventricles or navels, sometimes with porridge or pasta, and spring water from the supermarket in large bottles. The dog is overfed, the coat is usually in poor condition. At the same time, the owners are sure that they feed the dog correctly and are proud that she eats "natural food, not crackers from a bag." It is impossible to convince them. People are extremely reluctant to part with their own delusions ...

Article received in April 2002
and published in No. 2 "2002.

a little about schnauzers...

ANSWERS TO FREQUENTLY QUESTIONS ABOUT SCHNAUCERS

What is the difference between rizens, mittels and tsvergs?

In total, there are three types of schnauzer, which differ mainly in their size:
large - Giant Schnauzer - height 60-70 centimeters, weight 40-50 kilograms;
medium - standard schnauzer - height 40-50 centimeters, weight 15-18 kilograms;
small - miniature schnauzer - height up to 35 centimeters, weight 4-7 kilograms.
How did schnauzers appear? What is the purpose of the breed?

It is difficult to find a breed of dog whose origin would cause as much talk as this one. According to one source, the history of the schnauzer goes back at least five hundred years. According to others, this breed originated somewhere at the end of the last century in Germany.
A widespread version is that schnauzers (originally - standard schnauzers) were bred to guard the stables. In addition to protection, dogs caught rats, for which they needed thick long hair on the muzzle, paws and stomach (so that the rat could not bite through the skin).
Now schnauzers are universal companions for the whole family, easily amenable to a wide variety of training.
Giant Schnauzers are successfully trained in protective service.
But do not forget that both mittels and even miniature schnauzers are still not a decorative breed - the strong-willed character and active temperament of these bearded men deserve special attention.
A schnauzer does not need to be taught to guard, it must be restrained from excessive zeal.
What is the personality of a Schnauzer?

The unbridled temperament of the schnauzer and love for one's own, bordering on fanaticism, is a hallmark of the schnauzer breed. When you take a schnauzer puppy in your arms for the first time, know: this is your joy, your good mood, your extended youth, but this is also your cross. You are provided with a gentle, stormy, selfish and selfless love of a schnauzer.
The schnauzer generally has a special relationship with his family - these dogs love children and, as a rule, with complacency accept any living creature (be it a cat, a rat or a hamster) living in the house.
The schnauzer has his place in the house only in your absence, but if you are at home, he will "chase" you in all your movements around the apartment. True, the schnauzer does this unobtrusively, but tries to get closer to his beloved owner.
Schnauzer is a pronounced leader. Independence, stubbornness and cunning are also well-known "difficulties" of his character. And if the love of a schnauzer is guaranteed to you from the moment of your first meeting, then authority must be won and defended.
From the first days of his stay in the house, he will launch his entire arsenal and try to become the main one. And if today you allowed to put your face on the sofa, then tomorrow he will sleep on your head (in the literal sense). If today you gave a piece from the table during your dinner, then tomorrow he will demand it, pushing you with his paw, poking his nose.
How to train a schnauzer?

Schnauzers are well trained and achieve amazing results in a short time if the owner or trainer can captivate him with work. He should like to do this, otherwise the schnauzer will pretend to be deaf and dumb or pretend that he is about to die of fatigue.
Dogs of this breed have a lightning-fast reaction and very quickly "turn on". Here he is fast asleep, shuddering and growling in his sleep, but a second later the schnauzer is already at the other end of the apartment, because he heard a rustle outside the door.
The Schnauzer is an optimist by nature and, as they used to write in the Komsomol characteristics, "takes an active life position" or, as they say now, "takes everything from life." Whatever he does, he does it enthusiastically and gets real pleasure. A schnauzer must be busy all the time. He must have his own business.
How healthy are schnauzers? What "pedigree" diseases?

The enviable health and excellent immunity of schnauzers is the envy of many. Schnauzers are long-lived. The average life span of a Schnauzer is 12-14 years.
However, in recent times, schnauzers, like other breeds, have become increasingly prone to various neoplasms and tumors. Also, due to the insufficiently responsible attitude of the owners to the necessary loads, it is increasingly possible to meet a fat, hard-moving schnauzer, which is not at all like a normal representative of this active and fit breed.
What special care do schnauzers need?

Schnauzers tend to have a coarse coat, which is recognized as the least allergenic.
However, the Schnauzer's coat needs special care. 2-3 times a year, the schnauzer must be trimmed and cut, leaving hair only on the muzzle, paws and stomach.
But you get rid of the problems of molting, besides, cutting and trimming is easy to learn and soon you will be able to do it yourself.

dog for himself

Schnauzer. About the breed.

Schnauzer. About the breed.

The Schnauzer family includes three varieties, the standards of which are almost the same, with the exception of growth and the scale of acceptable colors. The largest of these is the Giant Schnauzer (FCI Standard No. 181), then the Medium or Standard Schnauzer (FCI Standard No. 182), and finally the Miniature Schnauzer Miniature Schnauzer (FCI Standard No. 183). Since the original form was a medium-sized schnauzer, and smaller dogs, miniature schnauzers, were obtained directly from it, we will primarily talk about them. The history of the Giant Schnauzer is somewhat different, since dogs of other breeds participated in its creation.

The Schnauzer has never been fashionable, so he managed to remain himself. Josef Berta, the founder of the German club of schnauzers and pinschers, who entered the history of the official formation of the breed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, characterized it as follows: “All the qualities that a schnauzer possesses are justified, one who understands this dog will remain true to it. The type of breed corresponds to the character, and both are inextricably linked: a strong physique and simple laconic lines; with all the restraint and strength, he has a lightning-fast reaction. The coat is thick and hard, reliably protects the schnauzer from any bad weather and attacks from enemies. Well-developed sense organs help him fight his sworn enemies - mice and rats. The working qualities of a schnauzer can manifest themselves only if he trusts the members of the family in which he lives. The Schnauzer is constantly anxious and alert, very loyal, resolute and independent in actions, persistent, but not intrusive, does not make a fuss in vain and, despite his stormy temperament, does not show unreasonable aggressiveness and gets along well with other animals. These valuable qualities must be consolidated in breeding work, because no training will replace them.

Medium Schnauzer.
Homeland of schnauzers and their relatives.

Modern schnauzers, or bearded pinschers, come from Germany (Bavaria) and adjacent countries - Switzerland and Austria. In the Middle Ages, they were known in the areas of Württemberg, as well as Tyrol. The closest relatives of the breed are Pinschers, Spitz, Terriers, which are believed to be descended from a dog that existed at the beginning of the Stone Age, called peat - Cams familiaris palustris Rutimeyer. Found in piled structures, the skulls and skeletons of these early domestic dogs have many features in common with modern Pinschers, Schnauzers, Spitz and Terriers. In addition, among the ancestors of the schnauzer, there may be local shepherd sheep dogs.

What they were.

Wirehaired Pinschers, or Schnauzers, are undoubtedly a very old breed of dogs with outstanding working qualities. For a long time, her modest discreet appearance saved her from fashion. This explains the fact that in literature, and even on the canvases of artists, we very rarely meet any ancestors of schnauzers. Until the beginning of the 20th century, schnauzers were heterogeneous, rather nondescript dogs with disheveled hair. A stuffed animal of one of these dogs is in the collection of the Zoological Museum of St. Petersburg. This is a small dog - a rough-haired pinscher with a shaggy, hard coat of a dirty gray color, with a long tail, erect, light ears, and a rounded forehead.

The ancestors of the Schnauzer are ordinary rural dogs, which were called stable pinschers or rat-catchers. The very name of these dogs suggests that they could hardly be found in the salons of the nobility. Smooth-haired and wire-haired Pinschers were known in Germany, as well as in nearby countries - the Czech Republic. Austria and Switzerland since the Middle Ages.
Pinschers were then thought to be descendants of terriers, but it is now believed that the Pinscher is a very old breed originating from Central Europe, not the result of crossbreeding or importation. Around the end of the 19th century, separate breeds of the Pinscher family appeared, most often dogs of medium height (up to 55 cm), mostly with short hair, and the wire-haired Pinschers of that time had semi-erect ears.

It is believed that a relative of the wire-haired pinscher is a beaver hunting dog (bibarhund), which was common in the Middle Ages, it was mentioned by the king from the Merovingian dynasty (Frankish state) Dagobert (628 - 638) in Lex Baiuvanorum. It says that anyone who accidentally or deliberately kills a hunting dog will be subject to the death penalty. This refers to a terrier-type dog that some Germanic tribes used to hunt beaver. The French hunting writer Gaston de Foix, who worked under the pseudonym Phoebus, in his "Book of Hunting" (circa 1387) mentioned coarse-haired terrier-like tanner dogs (tanner), descendants of beaver dogs, often used for hunting in medieval Germany.

Other researchers believe that one of the ancestors of the wire-haired pinscher was a shepherd dog (such as the Bouvier of Flanders). It is likely that the old stable pinschers had much in common with the shaggy hunting and shepherd dogs of Central Europe, since they performed very similar tasks and had common areas of distribution. Stable pinschers were kept by villagers - peasants, carters, and also artisans. These dogs guarded the yard, herds of cattle, carts, caught rats and other rodents, often lived in stables with horses, were content with modest food, were unpretentious to the conditions of detention. The future of these heterogeneous dogs as a breed provided them with universal working qualities, proportional physique, medium height, mobility, quick wit, innate inclinations for guard service.

Imprinted on canvases.

The few images of stable pinschers that have come down to us testify to the heterogeneity of the appearance of these dogs in terms of physique, height, features of the coat and color. From the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 20th century, a variety of variations could be found. Stable Pinschers are depicted in the paintings of the German artist Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528). In 1492-1504 the artist had a dog in the schnauzer type. Similar dogs can be seen on the tapestry (1501) by the German painter and graphic artist Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472 - 1553), in the paintings of Jan Brueghel (1568 - 1625) and the Austrian painter Morsch von Schwind (1804 - 1871) "Honeymoon Journey" (1862). The Mecklenburg Museum has a sculpture of a hunter with a stable pinscher at his feet (XIV century). On the square in Stuttgart there is a monument "The Night Watchman" (1620): in his right hand the watchman holds a lantern, and in his left hand - a halberd, next to him is a dog, in which it is easy to recognize the prototype of a schnauzer. The picture of the French caricaturist and battle painter Carl Berne (1758 - 1836) "The Exit of the Hunter" among the horses depicts pinschers of the 18th century.

In the book of Konrad Jahn (1863), one of the engravings by Johann Adam Klein (1812) shows two pinschers in wide collars, smooth-haired on the right, and coarse-haired with cropped ears and tails on the left, the height of the dogs is about 40-50 cm.

Publications.

One of the oldest books about dogs in German is the 1832 book "Hunting and other dogs with all their relatives" by a resident of southern Germany, the homeland of the schnauzer. Johann Wilhelm Beumeister (1804-1846), a rural veterinarian who knew local dogs well. He mentions a bentchur or rattenfanger: “A dog with a rather rounded head, a lively look, excellent bite, and a muzzle covered with a hard mustache. The heavily muscled limbs are equipped with strong claws. The body is short, and the tail is usually truncated. The coat is not too long, but hard.

Something about the standard schnauzer

Something about the standard schnauzer

Schnauzers are often described as unusual small dogs with an attentive look from under thick eyebrows. Despite its diminutiveness, such a dog is hardy, smart, has an accommodating character and easily takes root both in a private house and in an apartment. However, when choosing a pet, it is important to understand that this name does not refer to one dog, but to three representatives of the breed, which have some differences.

Show all

Briefly about the history of the breed

For the first time, schnauzers appeared in 1879 in Germany in the city of Hanover, the basis for selection was wire-haired pinschers. The first breed club was formed only in 1895, at the same time the idea of ​​​​a standard of appearance arose. The breeding of these dogs on the territory of the Russian Federation began only in the late 80s of the XX century.

For some time, these dogs were known as Munichers, since the best representatives were bred in the Munich-Augsburg region. Then the description of the breed focused on the main feature of the animal, and it became the basis for the final name. Since the most striking feature of this dog is the muzzle, the word "schnauzer" was chosen, which is translated as such.

In Stuttgart, a monument "Night Watchman" was erected to the schnauzers, perpetuating the breed.

Subspecies of the breed and their differences from each other

Schnauzer species are classified primarily according to the size of the dog:

• Miniature Schnauzer is the smallest representative of the breed.
• The standard schnauzer is medium in size.
• The Giant Schnauzer is the largest subspecies.

Each representative has some features that can be noted visually.



miniature schnauzers




The miniature representative of the breed has 2 variants of the name: miniature schnauzer and cocker-micro-schnauzer. This is a small dog with a rectangular muzzle, its height is in the range of 30–35 cm, and its body weight does not exceed 8 kg.

On the elongated head there is a smooth transition from the dog's ears to the nose, and the transition from the forehead to the wedge-shaped muzzle is sharply emphasized by the eyebrows. The nose is straight, parallel to the forehead. The dog has powerful jaws, and the bite is called "scissors". The eyes are medium in size, oval in shape. The ears are set high, bent forward, they are rarely docked (cut off).

The body of the miniature schnauzer is square, with well-developed back muscles. The shape of the chest is a wide oval. The abdomen is moderately tucked up. The back of the body is rounded, with a smooth transition to the tail. The tail itself is set high, sometimes docked. The paws of the dog are straight, short, with closed fingers and black claws.

It is this small representative of schnauzers who feels most comfortable in an apartment and is suitable for people who prefer miniature pets.



Standard Schnauzers




The standard height of this subspecies of schnauzers does not exceed 50 cm. The standard schnauzers have a large head, somewhat elongated, with a pronounced transition from the forehead to the muzzle. On the muzzle itself, the hair grows typical for this breed, resembling a beard, mustache and thick eyebrows.

The dog's body is shaped like a square, the chest is wide, with well-developed muscles, and the back is slightly sloping. The paws are short and strong. The tail is set high, it can be docked at the request of the owner.

Giant Schnauzers




The size of the Giant Schnauzer is the largest of all subspecies of this breed, the height of the dog reaches 75 cm.

The animal has an oblong wedge-shaped muzzle with a long and thick beard and eyebrows, which may partially cover the eyes. The eyes of the dog are oval and set close to the nose. The ears are symmetrical and are usually cropped to give them a triangular shape.

The back of the Giant Schnauzer is short, with a strongly developed muscular frame, the stomach is tucked up, the chest is oval and slightly convex. These dogs have long and straight front legs, and the hind legs are slightly shorter, which results in a slight slope of the body.

The nature of dogs

The characteristics of subspecies of schnauzers are practically the same. All representatives of the breed have high intelligence and strong intuition, they are extremely mobile and playful.

Both puppies and adults are wary of strangers and will readily defend their owner. They get along well with children and quickly adapt to all family members.

However, the dog needs training. If you do not pay due attention to education, the schnauzer will grow up naughty and can purposefully behave badly when something does not suit him.

Such a dog needs an owner with a strong character so that he quickly shows his dominant position. By nature, the schnauzer is a leader, so he will try to suppress the owner if he does not behave like a leader.

Due to the peculiarities of mental development, dogs of this breed require an early start in training. Most often, they begin to act when the puppy reaches 2–2.5 months.

The main emphasis is on developing the scent and instinct of a predator. Then, as a result, the owner gets a good hunter and guard.

Schnauzers have a huge amount of energy, so they require daily physical activity. In its absence, dogs become irritable and show aggression. With a lack of walks in the fresh air, schnauzers often develop obesity due to metabolic disorders.

Advantages and disadvantages of schnauzers

The schnauzer has both positive and negative features:

Despite good health, this breed has a special predisposition to a number of diseases:

• Dysplasia of the joints, more often of the hip.
• Thyroid dysfunction with a decrease in its activity.
• Pancreatitis.
• Endocrine pathologies like diabetes.
• Skin diseases - dermatitis.
• Damage to the nervous system - epilepsy.
• Eye diseases.
• Various pathologies of the digestive system.

With proper care, careful monitoring of nutrition and the condition of the schnauzer, the risk of developing diseases is significantly reduced.

Miniature Schnauzer or Miniature Schnauzer is a dog breed that combines compact size, confident character and good looks. It is the miniature schnauzers that will be discussed in this article.

Germany is considered the homeland of the miniature schnauzer, where initially dogs of this breed served farmers. They were also used to kill rats, which they hunted well.

The breed was bred somewhere in the second half of the 19th century. In Germany, a miniature schnauzer is more often called a miniature schnauzer or miniature schnauzer. Interestingly, the name of the breed is translated from German as “muzzle” and “dwarf”, which speaks eloquently about their funny appearance. Of course, like the history of many other dog breeds, the origin of miniature schnauzers remains a mystery.

Despite the fact that the breed originated in the Middle Ages, it is considered quite young. It is believed that the miniature schnauzers are the ancestors of miniature schnauzers. However, the breed acquired its modern appearance after additional crossings with Affenpinschers, Spitz and Poodles. The standard of this breed was recognized only in 1890.

breed standards

The Miniature Schnauzer is a small, stocky dog ​​with a graceful build and a slightly square outline. Dogs of this breed are characterized by a muzzle that has a pronounced transition from the forehead to the nose. The growth of the average representative of the breed is from 30 to 36 cm. The weight of the miniature schnauzer ranges from 5.4-9.1 kg.

The coat is of medium length and is characterized by black, white and silver (also called “pepper and salt”) color. There are also iron-gray and silver-gray coat colors. Wool is a bit rough to the touch. The nose is well pigmented with black coloration and a rounded shape. The ears of such a pet have sharp tips and are small in size. A funny feature of the appearance of such a dog are very thick eyebrows and a long "beard". The eyes of the miniature schnauzer are dark brown in color, characterized by small size and deep set. The look is insightful and expressive.

Character

In general terms, the Miniature Schnauzer is a fairly active dog that is highly trainable and has a special sense of alertness. Such a pet always wants to be useful to its owner. He is very friendly and rarely shows aggression. You can't call him timid either. This dog is also a great companion who just loves to be in the spotlight. Unlike most terriers, it is not at all aggressive, and compared to large schnauzers, these miniature dogs are not as bossy.

Such a pet will feel great in the company of other pets and dogs. Sometimes the Miniature Schnauzer can be a little stubborn, but with proper training, this will only show up in fleeting moments. These witty dogs are very fond of children and happily spend time playing with them. Despite its small size, the Miniature Schnauzer considers itself a solid and confident member of the family. At first glance, a cute dog can instantly turn into an angry and ardent defender if he sees that someone offends his loved ones. Even at the age of a puppy, a miniature schnauzer will try in every possible way to protect its owner. His desire to “break” all offenders must sometimes be stopped so that the dog does not become too aggressive.

However, despite such watchdog qualities, such a schnauzer is distinguished by incredible charm, as well as a very playful and cheerful character. At the same time, such a pet requires a lot of attention from its owner, since with its lack, its character can become destructive and aggressive. The Schnauzer needs constant communication and spending time together. This dog is very brave and brave. He loves to socialize with other dogs, regardless of their size.

Care

Today, this breed of dog is very popular, as they can be easily kept in a city apartment. These lap dogs do not feel comfortable in a dog house, as they simply love to be in the company of a person. Before buying a dog, you should consider that a miniature schnauzer will require daily communication. The miniature schnauzer does not need much physical activity, but regular play walks are still necessary for such a pet. It is also worth remembering that regular endurance training should not be carried out, as they can cause boredom in the dog. The coat of the Miniature Schnauzer requires special care. So, it is necessary to comb out his "fur coat" regularly (at least 1-2 times a week, and preferably daily) in order to prevent the formation of hairballs. The undercoat should also be trimmed as it is very thick. For combing, it is better to use a brush that has thick, stiff bristles. When combing, which is very beneficial for hair growth and improving skin circulation, special attention should be paid to the armpits, abdomen and between the paw pads.

Particular attention should be paid to the “beard” of the dog, as particles of food may remain on it. That is why after each feeding you need to wipe the pet with a napkin, cleaning the fur.

Water procedures should not be carried out too often. For example, it will be enough to bathe the zwerg in case of heavy pollution or before a haircut. When bathing, use only professional dog shampoos and conditioners. The owner is advised to constantly monitor the appearance of the eyes, nose and ears of such a pet. You need to walk such a dog several times a day for 1-2 hours.

Food

Of course, there are some nuances in the nutrition of the zwerg. So, in no case should you overfeed your pet, as he is able to gain excess weight, turning over time into a sick, lazy and inactive creature.

For a dog of this breed, professional dry food is perfect, which can be combined with natural products. So, tsvergs are happy to eat vegetables cooked in meat broth, cottage cheese or low-fat kefir. They can sometimes be fed lean meats, fish, and eggs. Due to the congenital weak liver function of miniature schnauzers, it is strictly forbidden to feed sweet, fried, fatty and flour foods. In puppyhood, it is better to feed the dog at least 5 times during the day. After the 9th age, you can move on to 3 meals a day.

In appearance, the Schnauzer breed looks like a small, adamant and stern professor. Surely everyone who sees such a stern-looking animal will get the impression that he is gloomy in character. However, this is a completely wrong conclusion. Schnauzer dogs are affectionate and funny animals. Read about all types of this wonderful pet further in the article, see photos and videos.

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Where did Schnauzers come from?

It is not easy to find any other kind of man's best friend with as many versions of origin as the Schnauzer dog breed. Some experts say that the history since the appearance of the pet has been around for about five hundred years. Others say that Schnauzers appeared at the end of the 19th century in Germany.

There is a very common version according to which the favorites of the Schnauzer breed were originally bred to protect the stables. In addition to this activity, the pet caught rats. This could, by the way, explain the presence and necessity of their long hair on the muzzle, stomach and paws.

Features

Dogs of this breed differ in their size, but outwardly they are similar. Those varieties of pets that are large in size can become wonderful watchmen. The Schnauzer has a strong physique and is also highly resistant to colds. This type of dog among the rest can rightfully be considered a real long-liver. As for the appearance of the dogs, it is similar for everyone.

They have oval-shaped eyes on their heads, and a strong jaw. The ears are set high, hanging on the cartilage, have a triangular shape. They are quite symmetrical, adjacent to the cheekbones with inner edges.

Interestingly, the color of their eyes is very related to the character, and if they are light, it means that the dog has a bad character.

The neck is muscular and strong, and the noble scruff smoothly passes into the neck. As for wool, Schnauzers have a great advantage - they do not smell like a “dog”.

Character features

All dogs of this breed have the same character and temperament. These dogs are cheerful and energetic creatures. Pets differ in a tendency to dominance and endurance. Dogs of this breed are characterized by unbridled temperament and love for their owners. Sometimes this attitude borders on real fanaticism.

When you first take a little puppy in your arms, you should know that he is your joy, ideal mood and extended youth. The favorite of this breed will give you a stormy, tender and selfish love. Dogs have a special relationship with their families.

So, these dogs adore children, and also treat neighboring animals well. The dog has its place in the house only in the absence of the owner's house, in the rest, the small pet will follow the owner on the heels. What is good, the dog will do this absolutely not intrusively, however, he will try to get close to his dear owner without fail. Dogs of this breed are leaders, and very bright. They are cunning, stubborn and independent.

If it so happened that at first sight your pet did not accept you, you will have to make considerable efforts to make friends with him. You will defend and win your authority. See further in the video for a detailed description of these pets.

What are Schnauzers?

The Schnauzer is a one-of-a-kind, useful dog breed that comes in three sizes. So, there is a Miniature Schnauzer, a Giant Schnauzer and a Mittelschnauzer. Since the breed is German, it is characterized by an expression of constant readiness.

Basically, varieties differ in size, so the Giant Schnauzer is the largest of them. Its height at the withers reaches fifty-five to sixty centimeters, and such a dog weighs about forty-five kilograms. The second place in size is occupied by the Mittelschnauzer, which at the withers has a size of forty to fifty centimeters, and it weighs about seventeen kilograms.

The Miniature Schnauzer is considered the smallest - up to thirty centimeters at the withers and weighs four to five kilograms. For these dogs in Germany, cropped ears are required. Schnauzers can be solid black, pepper and salt, black and silver, white, and chocolate and tan.

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