Battleship Grosser Elector. Damage to the German battleship Grosser Kurfurst. Friedrich der Große – Old Fritz
German battleships set out on an open voyage and literally overwhelmed fighting World of Warships. However, the question remains open: is it worth downloading them and what awaits us at the end of the branch? I suggest you preview the top of the branch is Elector, compiled based on reviews of the “lucky” owners.
The Elector is huge and clumsy like Belgium. The steering adjustment time is 18.4 seconds, the circulation radius is more than a kilometer. You can immediately forget about some dodging torpedoes and shells - top German branch not about that.
The Elector was conceived by the developers as the embodiment of a tank from an MMO RPG. For this purpose he was given the most a large number of HP is at the level and branded German nanoarmor, which practically excludes penetration of the citadel. It is very difficult to penetrate the citadel of the crown of the German line of battleships, even with the caliber of the Yamata.
Only besides armor-piercing shells There are other ways to deal damage in the game, how does Elector tank them? Damage from land mines at the extremity is reluctant, but the middle of the hull eats land mines with a bang, turning the German battleship into a real grilled chicken. But land mines are not so scary, damage from a fire can always be compensated for by damage; there is a much more terrible enemy of battleships - torpedoes. And here the monument to German gigantomania somehow strangely fades away and hides in a corner. What?! PTZ 25%?! At level 10?
Exactly. The “close combat battleship” is completely unprotected from torpedoes and absorbs their damage like crazy. 2 shimakaze torpedoes take about 36-38K HP from the Elector. Is it worth reminding that there are 15 such torpedoes in a full Shima salvo?
Now about gk. The German has 12 406/420 mm guns, some are faster-firing but less damaging, others are the opposite. The accuracy of both types is quite acceptable, which cannot be said about the range - the weakest of the tier 10 battleships. However, such a range is quite understandable - players are encouraged to choose close combat on this battleship. This is not critical at all. After all, the range can always be increased by the module to 22+ km, which will make it equal to its competitors.
Towers are critical. They spin very quickly, but have one huge drawback. In order to fire all guns at the enemy, you will have to turn more than 47 degrees towards him. That is, the Elector can fire a full salvo only by showing his rather large side. Yes, miracle armor will protect him from a retaliatory volley of armor-piercing weapons, but who will protect him from a pack of torpedoes and a shower of landmines?
The German also has undoubted advantages - the secondary gun, when fully pumped into it, works far and even causes some damage. Some say that in this indicator, the Elector is even ahead of Yamato.
Air defense. In a recent review of Yamato, I described in detail its ability, or rather impossibility, to do anything against Aviks. So things are even worse for the Germans. If Yamato is easy for air sweet bun- then the Elector is a huge cake that just says “eat me.”
GAP. The Germans received a unique consumable for the LK - hydroacoustics, but on the Kurfürst it looks more like trolling. Who in their right mind would go to catch a destroyer on a hulking barge with no anti-tank protection?
4. Miroshnik I.V. Consistent management of multi-channel systems. - L.: Energoatomizdat, - p., page, fig A method of controlling a multidimensional object, including the formation in each of a number of control channels of signals proportional to the deviation of the current value of the controlled parameter from the specified value, the formation based on these deviations using parameter regulators of control signals, the selection as the leading channel with the smallest control signal and correction given value adjustable parameter in each of the channels, characterized in that this correction.
Consistent management of multi-channel systems. Miroshnik I.V. Leningrad. Energoatomizdat. d. The principles of construction and methods of analytical design of closed algorithms for coordinated control of multi-channel systems and, in particular, multi-motor electric drives are considered. Adaptive methods for increasing the matching accuracy are proposed, and issues of microprocessor implementation of control devices are considered.
Price: RUB Making a purchase ONLY ON ORDER. Departure in days. 6. Miroshnik I.V. Coordinated control of multi-channel systems. L.: Energoatomizdat, p. 7. Miroshnik I.V., Fradkov A.L., Nikiforov V.O. Nonlinear and adaptive control of complex dynamic systems. SPb: Nauka, p. 8. Miroshnik I.V., Chepinsky S.
A. Control of multi-link kinematic mechanisms // Scientific-technical. Vestn. SPbSU ITMO. No. 3. S. - 9. Miroshnik I.V., Chepinsky S.A. Trajectory control of kinematic mechanisms of non-trivial design // Scientific-technical. Vestn. SPbSU ITMO. No. - p. 5. Miroshnik, I. V. Coordinated control of multi-channel systems. – L.: Energoatomizdat, – p. 6. Miroshnik I.V., Ushakov A.V. Synthesis of an algorithm for synchronous control of quasi-same-type objects // Automation and telemechanics.
– – No. – S. Author: Miroshnik I.V. Title: Coordinated control of multichannel systems Publisher: Leningrad: Energoatomizdat Year: Format: pdf Size: 5 mb. The principles of construction and methods of analytical design of closed-loop algorithms for coordinated control of multi-channel systems and, namely, multi-motor electric drives are considered. Adaptive methods for increasing the matching accuracy are proposed, and issues of microprocessor implementation of ruling devices are examined.
The main provisions are illustrated with practical examples..ru download from rusf. Coordinated management of multichannel systems: production and practical publication / I. V. Miroshnik. - L.: Energoatomizdat, - p.: ill.
ISBN p. DRNTI UDC Key words: automatic control systems - ACS - coordinated control - multi-channel systems - multi-motor electric drives - digital systems - adaptive control - linear problems-- nonlinear problems Total copies: 2 Storage location: kx (2) Free: kx (2).
Find similar ones. 2. 6P D Drozdov, Valentin Nilovich. Automatic control systems with microcomputers: scientific publication / V. N. Drozdov, I. V. Miroshnik, V. I. Skorubsky. Miroshnik I.V. Consistent management of multi-channel systems. PDF file. 4.89 MB in size. Adaptive methods for increasing the matching accuracy are proposed, and issues of microprocessor implementation of control devices are considered. The main provisions are illustrated with practical examples.
For engineers and scientists involved in the research and design of multi-channel automatic control systems. To download this file, register and/or log in to the site using the form above.
Registration. See also. Read more. Balandin D.V., Gorodetsky S.Yu. Classic and modern methods building controllers in examples. pdf. Coordinated control of multichannel systems / I. V. Miroshnik. - L.: Energoatomizdat: Leningrad. department, -, p.: ill.; 20 cm; ISBN 45 k. Automatic control systems, multi-channel FB 2 / 47 FB 2 / Marc Download marc-record Download rusmarc-record. Books (published since
Until now). Information about responsibility. I. V. Miroshnik. Output. L.: Energoatomizdat: Leningrad. separation,
Categories Post navigationMaterial from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
| "Grosser Kurfurst" | |
|---|---|
| SMS Großer Kurfürst (1913) | |
König-class battleship at sea | |
| Service: | German Empire |
| Vessel class and type | Dreadnought |
| Organization | Imperial Navy |
| Manufacturer | Germaniawerft, Kiel |
| Construction has started | October 1911 |
| Launched | May 5, 1913 |
| Commissioned | July 30, 1914 |
| Removed from the fleet | 1919 |
| Status | Scuttled by crew at Scapa Flow 21 June 1919 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 25,390 t. (standard) 28,600 tons (full) |
| Length | 175,4 |
| Width | 29.5 m |
| Draft | 9.19 m |
| Booking | 350 mm on the sides, 300 mm - towers and deckhouses, deck: 20-30+60-100 |
| Engines | 3 turbines low pressure Parsons 15 Schulze-Thornycroft boilers |
| Power | 43,300 l. With. |
| Mover | Three-blade propellers with a diameter of 3.8 m |
| Travel speed | 21 knots |
| Cruising range | 6800 miles at 12 knots |
| Crew | 1,136 officers and sailors |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 10 × 305/50 in five towers, 14 × 150/45 in casemates, 10 × 88/45, 2 × 37 mm guns |
| Mine and torpedo weapons | Five 500 mm torpedo tubes |
Construction
The battleship Grosser Kurfürst was laid down in October 1911 and launched on May 5, 1913. She was commissioned into the fleet on July 30, 1914, shortly before the outbreak of the First World War.
Service
Grosser Kurfürst, like three other battleships of the same type, participated in all major operations of the First World War, including the Battle of Jutland on May 31 - June 1, 1916. During the battle, the Grosser Kurfurst did not receive serious damage.
The battleship Grosser Kurfürst took part in Operation Albion, an attack on the Russian-owned islands in the Gulf of Riga in October 1917, shelling Russian positions along the coast.
During its service, the Grosser Kurfürst was damaged as a result of collisions with the battleships König and Kronprinz, was torpedoed several times and once hit a mine.
Following the defeat of Germany and the signing of the Armistice in November 1918, the Grosser Kurfürst, like most of the large warships of the High Seas Fleet, was interned by the British Royal Navy at Scapa Flow. The ships were disarmed and their crews were reduced.
On 21 June 1919, shortly before the Treaty of Versailles was signed, the commander of the internee fleet, Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuther, ordered the scuttling of the fleet.
The Grosser Kurfürst was raised in May 1938 and dismantled for metal.
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Notes
Links
- Campbell John. Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. - London: Conway Maritime Press, 1998. - ISBN 978-1-55821-759-1.
- Campbell John. Germany 1906–1922 // Conway's All the World's Battleships: 1906 to the Present. - London: Conway Maritime Press, 1987. - P. 28–49. - ISBN 978-0-85177-448-0.
- Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921. - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1985. - ISBN 978-0-87021-907-8.
- Gröner Erich. German Warships: 1815–1945. - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990. - ISBN 978-0-87021-790-6.
- Herwig Holger."Luxury" Fleet: The Imperial German Navy 1888–1918. - Amherst, New York: Humanity Books, 1998. - ISBN 978-1-57392-286-9.
- Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe. - Ratingen: Mundus Verlag, 1993. - Vol. 4. - ISBN 978-3-8364-9743-5.
- Good Peter. Battleships of World War I. - London: Southwater Books, 2006. - ISBN 978-1-84476-377-1.
- Massie Robert K. Castles of Steel. - New York City: Ballantine Books, 2003. - ISBN 978-0-345-40878-5.
- Staff Gary. German Battleships: 1914–1918 (Volume 2). - Oxford: Osprey Books, 2010. - ISBN 978-1-84603-468-8.
- Tarrant V. E. Jutland: The German Perspective. - London: Cassell Military Paperbacks, 2001. - ISBN 978-0-304-35848-9.
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Excerpt characterizing SMS Grosser Kurfürst (1913)
Oh, you, my canopy, my canopy!“My new canopy...”, twenty voices echoed, and the spoon holder, despite the weight of his ammunition, quickly jumped forward and walked backwards in front of the company, moving his shoulders and threatening someone with his spoons. The soldiers, waving their arms to the beat of the song, walked with long strides, involuntarily hitting their feet. From behind the company the sounds of wheels, the crunching of springs and the trampling of horses were heard.
Kutuzov and his retinue were returning to the city. The commander-in-chief gave a sign for the people to continue walking freely, and pleasure was expressed on his face and on all the faces of his retinue at the sounds of the song, at the sight of the dancing soldier and the soldiers of the company walking cheerfully and briskly. In the second row, from the right flank, from which the carriage overtook the companies, one involuntarily caught the eye of a blue-eyed soldier, Dolokhov, who especially briskly and gracefully walked to the beat of the song and looked at the faces of those passing with such an expression, as if he felt sorry for everyone who did not go at this time with the company. A hussar cornet from Kutuzov's retinue, imitating the regimental commander, fell behind the carriage and drove up to Dolokhov.
The hussar cornet Zherkov at one time in St. Petersburg belonged to that violent society led by Dolokhov. Abroad, Zherkov met Dolokhov as a soldier, but did not consider it necessary to recognize him. Now, after Kutuzov’s conversation with the demoted man, he turned to him with the joy of an old friend:
- Dear friend, how are you? - he said at the sound of the song, matching the step of his horse with the step of the company.
- I am like? - Dolokhov answered coldly, - as you see.
The lively song gave particular significance to the tone of cheeky gaiety with which Zherkov spoke and the deliberate coldness of Dolokhov’s answers.
- Well, how do you get along with your boss? – asked Zherkov.
- Nothing, good people. How did you get into the headquarters?
- Seconded, on duty.
They were silent.
“She released a falcon from her right sleeve,” said the song, involuntarily arousing a cheerful, cheerful feeling. Their conversation would probably have been different if they had not spoken to the sound of a song.
– Is it true that the Austrians were beaten? – asked Dolokhov.
“The devil knows them,” they say.
“I’m glad,” Dolokhov answered briefly and clearly, as the song required.
“Well, come to us in the evening, you’ll pawn the Pharaoh,” said Zherkov.
– Or do you have a lot of money?
- Come.
- It is forbidden. I made a vow. I don’t drink or gamble until they make it.
- Well, on to the first thing...
- We'll see there.
Again they were silent.
“You come in if you need anything, everyone at headquarters will help...” said Zherkov.
Dolokhov grinned.
- You better not worry. I won’t ask for anything I need, I’ll take it myself.
- Well, I’m so...
- Well, so am I.
- Goodbye.
- Be healthy…
... and high and far,
On the home side...
Zherkov touched his spurs to the horse, which, getting excited, kicked three times, not knowing which one to start with, managed and galloped off, overtaking the company and catching up with the carriage, also to the beat of the song.
Returning from the review, Kutuzov, accompanied by the Austrian general, went into his office and, calling the adjutant, ordered to be given some papers related to the state of the arriving troops, and letters received from Archduke Ferdinand, who commanded the advanced army. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky entered the commander-in-chief's office with the required papers. Kutuzov and an Austrian member of the Gofkriegsrat sat in front of the plan laid out on the table.
“Ah...” said Kutuzov, looking back at Bolkonsky, as if with this word he was inviting the adjutant to wait, and continued the conversation he had started in French.
“I’m just saying one thing, General,” Kutuzov said with a pleasant grace of expression and intonation, which forced you to listen carefully to every leisurely spoken word. It was clear that Kutuzov himself enjoyed listening to himself. “I only say one thing, General, that if the matter depended on my personal desire, then the will of His Majesty Emperor Franz would have been fulfilled long ago.” I would have joined the Archduke long ago. And believe my honor that for me personally to transfer the highest command of the army to a more knowledgeable and skilled general than me, of which Austria is so abundant, and to relinquish all this heavy responsibility would be a joy for me personally. But circumstances are stronger than us, General.
And Kutuzov smiled with an expression as if he was saying: “You have every right not to believe me, and even I don’t care at all whether you believe me or not, but you have no reason to tell me this. And that’s the whole point.”
The Austrian general looked dissatisfied, but could not help but respond to Kutuzov in the same tone.
“On the contrary,” he said in a grumpy and angry tone, so contrary to the flattering meaning of the words he was saying, “on the contrary, your Excellency’s participation in common cause highly valued by His Majesty; but we believe that the present slowdown deprives the glorious Russian troops and their commanders-in-chief of the laurels that they are accustomed to reaping in battles,” he finished his apparently prepared phrase.
Kutuzov bowed without changing his smile.
- And I am so convinced and, based on last letter“, with which His Highness Archduke Ferdinand honored me, I assume that the Austrian troops, under the command of such a skillful assistant as General Mack, have now won a decisive victory and no longer need our help,” said Kutuzov.
The fate and history of this battleship is no less significant than the history of the reign of Friedrich Wilhelm.
The ship was launched in May 1913. Its total displacement is 29,200 tons, dimensions are 175.4 m x 29.5 m, power point- three-shaft. Maximum speed- 21 knots.
The Grosser Kurfürst and its three sister ships, König, Markgraf, and Kronprinz Wilhelm, were improved versions of the Helgoland class battleships. The ship was equipped with turbines installed for the first time in the German fleet (15 boilers, 3 turbines). The main caliber turrets were located in the center plane, which enhanced its broadside. The armor belt of the "Grosser Kurfurst" was 350 mm, the armor of the turret and bow wheelhouse was up to 300 mm, the armor of the weapon casemates was 170 mm. According to various sources, the battleship's crew was about 1,136 people. Armament: 10 - 305 mm/50, 14 - 150 mm/45, 4 - 88 mm/45 anti-aircraft guns, 5 500 mm torpedo tubes.
"Grosser Kurfurst" during the First World War was part of the 3rd linear squadron of the Fleet Open Sea, took part in reconnaissance operations off the coast of England.
In May 1916, "Grosser Kurfurst" as part of a 3-line squadron, including the battleships "König" (as the flagship), the battleships "Markgraf", "Kronprinz", as well as "Kaiser", "Prince Regent" Luitpold" and "Kaiserin" took part in the Battle of Jutland or, in the German interpretation, the Battle of the Skagerrak, with superior forces of the English fleet.
It is worth noting interesting fact that during the Battle of Jutland the British fired 4598 shells large calibers(of which 1239 were 381 mm caliber) and achieved 100 hits, which is 2.2%, as well as 74 torpedoes from 12 battleships, 10 cruisers, and 52 destroyers, achieving five hits, sinking an obsolete German battleship and destroyer. The Germans, in turn, fired 3597 shells and achieved 120 hits, which is 3.3%, and 109 torpedoes from 8 battleships, 4 cruisers - four, and 67 destroyers and, having achieved three hits, sank three British destroyers.
Despite the fact that most of the English shells were too tough for the Krupov steel, the lead ships König, Grosser Kurfürst, Markgraf, and Kronprinz Wilhelm received serious damage.
In total, during the Battle of Jutland, the Grosser Kurfurst was hit by five 381-mm shells and three 343-mm shells. Crew losses amounted to two officers and 13 sailors killed and 10 wounded.
On the Grosser Kurfürst, a 381-mm shell hit the 170-mm battery armor, causing great destruction to adjacent parts of the decks, transverse and anti-fragmentation bulkheads. At a distance of 12,000 m (65 kbt.), the 350 mm armor of the main armor belt withstood the impact of another 381 mm projectile, the armor plate was slightly dented, and when the projectile burst, the hull plating under the plate was damaged. Another 381-mm shell exploded near the 300-mm barbette wall of the bow turret, breaking off part of it. The 200-mm upper armor belt was pierced by two 381-mm shells from a distance of 12,000 m. In both cases, the shells exploded on the outer part of the armor and the main effect of the force of the explosion went outward, but the fragments flying off from the inside of the armor plate caused damage.
The Grosser Kurfürst was surrendered to the enemy at the end of the First World War and scuttled in Scapa Flow along with other ships of the German Navy in 1919. Raised and scrapped in 1936.
The model was created using a plastic kit from ICM and a wooden deck from Artwoxmodel. Photo-etch kit from WEM. Turned barrels from an unknown manufacturer. All paints are acrylic "AKAN". Tamievskaya primer.
Working with plastic big problems didn't call. The plastic is soft and cuts well. Black organza was used to imitate rigging.
More or less detailed process The construction is described in the construction tales “Großer Kurfürst Again”.
Considering that this is my second model in 350 scale, not everything turned out as I would like. But you be the judge.
Special thanks to deLoro, Danile and many others from the shipbuilding community for their assistance in building the battleship.