Diseases of garden strawberries and their control. Description of strawberry diseases with photographs and methods of treatment (folk remedies). Black fruit rot

The most effective remedy for all strawberry diseases is proper care.

Modern varieties of strawberries are quite disease resistant. With proper agricultural technology, diseases do not cause severe damage to the plantation. However, many gardeners complain about outbreaks of garden strawberry diseases in their plots. On this page you will find a description of the most common strawberry diseases and effective ways to treat them.

Strawberry diseases and their treatment

Gray rot

The causative agent is a pathogenic fungus. Preserved in petioles and dead leaves, berries damaged and not harvested from the plantation. A very common strawberry disease.

Description of the disease. On leaves, peduncles, flowers and ovaries, it appears as large brown drying spots that do not have a border. In hot weather, the spots crack. In rainy weather and high humidity, a smoky gray coating appears on the affected tissues.

Affected berries become soft, a weeping brown spot appears on their surface. The mycelium itself develops in the pulp, and spores appear on the surface in the form of a gray coating. Affected berries are unfit for food and should be destroyed. The disease manifests itself in damp rainy summer. Overgrowing of the plot with weeds, growing strawberries in the shade under dense crowns, dense plantings contribute to the rapid progression of the disease.

Mature strawberries are more affected by rot. Green ones are more resistant and are affected if there are diseased red berries nearby.

Methods of treatment. In wet weather during the budding period, strawberries are sprayed with a broad-spectrum fungicide Euparen. This drug is most effective in the fight against gray mold and white spot, and also suppresses the powdery mildew pathogen. Euparen must not be mixed with Bordeaux mixture and adhesives must not be added to the working solution. 2 g of the drug is diluted in 1 liter of water, consumption per hundred square meters - 6 liters. After harvesting, a second spraying is carried out.

To combat infection, strawberry bushes can be sprayed with bacterial preparations Planriz or Alirin B.

During the period of ovary growth in wet weather, diseased strawberry bushes are pollinated with fluff.

Folk methods of treatment.

1. Infusion of garlic. The husk is poured with 5 liters of hot water and insisted for 2 days. The resulting infusion is diluted with water in equal proportions and the bushes are watered.
2. A solution is prepared from ash (1 cup), chalk (1 cup), copper sulfate (1 tsp). The mixture is poured into 10 liters of water and strawberries are sprayed.

Disease prevention.

1. Thinning thickened plantings.
2. Removal of plant debris.
3. Removal and destruction of rotten berries.
4. It is impossible to water strawberries by sprinkling during flowering and growth of ovaries.
5. To prevent damage, freshly reddened and not quite ripe berries are removed.
6. After each rain, the earth is loosened.

It is desirable that ripe berries do not come into contact with wet ground; for this, special support rings are placed under the bushes (sold in garden stores) or plastic bottles are placed. You can mulch the ground with any material except peat.

White spotting or ramulariasis

Fungal disease. The infection persists in the affected overwintering leaves and plant debris. Strawberries grown on heavy soils with an excess of organic matter are more prone to ramularia blight.

Description of the disease. It affects leaves, peduncles, stalks, sepals. Numerous small red-brown spots of a rounded or angular shape appear on strawberry leaves. As the mycelium develops, the spots turn white, but a brown border always remains around them. In hot weather, the affected tissue cracks and falls out, in wet weather, a white coating of sporulation appears. The spores spread to neighboring leaves and plants.

On peduncles, stalks, sepals spots are dark brown, whitening with time. They are elongated and slightly depressed. With a strong defeat, the peduncles become brown, thinner, fall and dry.

The first signs of the disease on strawberries appear in early to mid-May; rainy weather contributes to the spread of infection in summer. A large amount of moisture in the soil after snowmelt also contributes to the development of the disease.

Ways to treat strawberries.

1. 3-4 times treatment with Bayleton: during the period of leaf regrowth, when the peduncles are advanced, after harvesting and 10-12 days after the previous treatment.
2. Double treatment with Euparen. You can do 4 treatments, alternating Euparen and Bayleton.
3. Spraying with Nitrafen. A broad-spectrum drug that can accumulate in the soil and cause plant burns, so it is used once in early spring or late autumn.
4. Double processing of strawberries with Bordeaux mixture: before flowering and in the second half of July. Leaves are processed from the bottom side.

Folk methods of treatment. Spraying strawberries with a 5% iodine solution (10 ml per 10 liters of water). Processing is carried out on the leaves before flowering.

Disease prevention:

• removal of dry leaves in early spring;
• thinning of a thickened plot;
• weed removal;
• burning of all damaged plant residues.

White spotting (and in general all strawberry diseases) develops strongly when the bushes are overfed with nitrogen. If a lesion is detected, nitrogen fertilizing (both organic and mineral) is stopped and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied. Ash is the best.

brown spot

The infection is caused by pathogenic fungi. Preserved in the affected plant debris and affected wintering strawberry leaves.

Description of the disease. The disease affects the aerial parts of plants. Numerous round or angular spots appear on strawberry leaves, the color of which is from red-brown to almost black; the middle of the spot is slightly lighter, but without a border. They can merge. Soon, black shiny pads with spores appear on the spots. With severe damage, the leaves turn purple and die.

On the petioles of leaves and mustaches, the disease manifests itself as depressed small brown spots.

This strawberry disease appears in the second half of summer and, if spread strongly, can cause browning and premature drying of the leaves, which negatively affects the winter hardiness of strawberries. The development of infection is facilitated by wet and hot weather. But at temperatures above 32 ° C, even with high humidity, the development of the disease slows down.

Prevention and treatment of the disease

1. Preventive spraying with Bordeaux mixture. With a strong spread of the disease, treatment is carried out in spring and autumn.
2. With the defeat of more than half of the plantation, treatment with Nitrofen.

powdery mildew

The causative agent of infection is a pathogenic fungus. Its spores are stored in the affected plant tissues and on plant debris. The focus of the disease consists of a mycelium and numerous white spores, which, spreading, infect the surrounding strawberry bushes and other plants susceptible to powdery mildew.

Signs of defeat. On young strawberry leaves on both sides and on the petioles, a white coating appears. The edges of the leaf blades wrinkle and bend upward like a boat, the lower surface acquires a bronze-pink hue. Peduncles, flowers and ovaries turn brown and deform. Green berries dry up. The red berries become slimy and appear floury, with a characteristic musty odor. The disease manifests itself in wet summers and in violation of the irrigation regime.

How to treat strawberries.

1. Treatment with fungicides based on colloidal sulfur or copper sulfate. Preparations containing sulfur are more effective. Bordeaux mixture containing copper sulfate is ineffective in controlling powdery mildew.
2. Treatment of strawberry plantation with colloidal sulfur. The drug can be used 3 days before picking berries (Thiovit Jet).
3. Topaz is the most effective drug in the fight against powdery mildew. The duration of the therapeutic action is 3 days, the prophylactic action is 7-10 days.
4. Phytosporin is very effective at an early stage of the disease, with advanced forms it does not have the necessary effect.
5. Copper sulfate can be used once per season, as the drug is toxic. Sprayed to prevent and treat the initial stage of infection in early spring.
6. Can be treated with other fungicides: Skif, Skor, Tilt, Quadris, But.
7. Spray the bushes very strongly, the solution should drain from the leaves.
8. You can water strawberries only when the top layer dries out.
9. Stop fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers.

Folk methods of treatment more suitable for the prevention of disease than for its treatment.

1. Iodine. 10 ml is diluted in 10 liters of water and strawberry bushes are sprayed from the lower and upper sides. Effective at the initial stage of the disease.
2. Soda. 5 g of soda ash is diluted in 1 liter of hot water, adding soap chips to the solution for better adhesion of the drug. After cooling the solution, spraying and watering the soil is carried out. Spraying is repeated 3 times with an interval of 7 days.
3. Potassium permanganate. 1 g / 4 l of water. 2-3 treatments are carried out with an interval of 7-10 days. Spraying should be done after rain.
4. Serum. 1 l / 10 l of water, spraying strawberries every 3-5 days. The serum coats the plants with a film and inhibits the growth of the fungus, making it difficult for it to breathe. In addition, lactic microflora is an antagonist of pathogenic fungi. It produces substances (antibiotics) that kill fungi and their spores.

With the development of the disease from folk remedies, they switch to chemical preparations.

Brown (angular) spotting

The pathogenic fungus mainly affects old leaves. On the affected tissue, pycnidia are formed - wintering fruiting bodies of fungi. It hibernates in affected tissues and on infected plant debris.

How the disease manifests itself. The disease manifests itself in mid-summer and reaches a peak in mid-August-early September. Red-brown spots appear on the leaf blades with a light middle and a dark border. Rapidly increasing along the veins or from the edge of the leaf to the center, they acquire an irregular angular shape. Gradually, the spots become gray-brown, but the border remains. In hot weather, the affected tissue cracks and falls out.

When petioles of leaves and mustache lashes are affected, oval brown spots and dry constrictions appear on them. When the stalks are affected, the ovaries turn brown and dry out. Wet weather favors the spread of the disease.

How to treat strawberries.

1. When a disease appears after picking berries, all foliage is mowed and sprayed with Nitrafen before it grows back.
2. Before flowering and after fruiting, diseased strawberries are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture.
3. Plantation treatment with Ordan.

Folk methods of treatment.

1. Ash. 1/2 bucket of wood ash is poured into 10 liters of water, insisted for 3 days. Bring the volume of the solution to 30 l, add the adhesive (soap, milk, kefir) and spray the strawberries. Sick strawberries are treated twice with a break of 10 days.
2. Kefir. 1 liter of fermented kefir (yogurt, old fermented baked milk, etc.) is diluted in 10 liters of water and strawberry bushes are sprayed. 2 treatments are carried out with an interval of 12-14 days.

late blight

Fungal disease, the pathogen persists in the soil for 8-10 years.

Description of the disease. All parts of the plant are affected. The roots become bare and die, and the central cylinder of the root becomes red, the rhizome is destroyed. Annular brown spots appear at the bases of the petioles of the leaves. Often flower stalks or already formed berries dry out. Dry spots appear on the berries, which increase affecting the entire surface, the berries become brown with a lilac tint, become hard and leathery, dry out and decrease in size. Sometimes a white moldy coating appears.

How to treat. It is very difficult to fight the disease, since the mycelium is located inside the tissues of the plant. The most effective preventive methods. For prevention, strawberries are sprayed 3-4 times with Quadris, Bravo, Antrakol, Bordeaux mixture. The fungus develops resistance to fungicides very quickly, so each time spraying is carried out with different preparations.

Folk methods of treatment.

1. Spraying a strawberry plantation with an alcohol solution of iodine (10 ml / 10 l of water).
2. Treatment with garlic solution. 1 cup of finely chopped leaves is poured into 10 liters of water, insisted for a day, 1.5 g of potassium permanganate is added to the solution and sprayed. Re-treatment is carried out after 10 days. Phytoncides contained in garlic kill late blight spores.
3. Spraying strawberries with infusion of ash. Processing is carried out 3 times with an interval of 10 days.
4. Spraying with sour milk solution. During the summer, 3 treatments are carried out.
5. Copper wire. Copper has an antifungal effect. For protection, several old leaves are pierced with wire, the ends of which are stuck into the soil.

All these strawberry diseases are easier to prevent than to try to cure diseased plants later. Therefore, pay great attention to proper agricultural technology.

Other useful articles about growing strawberries:

1. The article details how to care for a strawberry plantation from early spring to late autumn.
2. What pests can threaten your plantation and how to deal with them effectively.
3. How to propagate strawberry bushes on your own and what mistakes gardeners most often make.
4. Is it worth it to ordinary summer residents.
5. A selection of the newest, most productive and promising varieties.
6. Growing technology and all the pros and cons of this business.
7. Are you going to try strawberries? Then this is the very first article you need to read.

Strawberries (or large-fruited strawberries) are one of the most popular garden crops. Appearing in Holland in the 18th century as a hybrid of two types of strawberries (Chilean and Virginian), the plant has since come under the close attention of breeders more than once.

As a result, today there are more than 2,000 varieties of these false berries. Such a variety cannot but please gardeners and lovers of jam. Yes, that's the trouble: over the long history of its existence, she managed to acquire a rich "range" of ailments.

Before purchasing seedlings, it is important for a novice gardener to thoroughly study the main diseases of strawberries and methods of treatment. After all, some "strawberry ailments" fall into the garden even at the time of purchase through infected specimens from an unscrupulous seller.

What is sick "scarlet droplet of summer"?

All strawberry diseases can be divided into 4 categories depending on what (who) causes the disease:

• bacterial;
• viral;
• animals;
• fungal.

Killer bacteria or how to save the crop?

The most common bacterial lesions are burn and cancer.

Bacterial burn of fruit crops is the "scourge" of all representatives of the Rosaceae family.

In the spring, during the period of active growth and flowering of crops, bacteria begin to “attack” the inflorescences, trying to penetrate “deep” into the plant in order to infect and destroy it. Outwardly, the signs of the disease can be determined by the presence of twisted dried leaves and flowers, which, nevertheless, do not fall off, but continue to “hang out” on the plant.

It is worth noting that strawberries, unlike their relatives, are less susceptible to this disease, and with proper care, they successfully resist it.

Preventive measures include:

• suppression of contact with other members of the Rosaceae family, especially with pear, apple, quince;
• spraying bushes with antibiotics, a mixture of copper sulfate and lime milk;
• complete destruction of infected plants.

Root cancer - the mechanism of action of the disease is somewhat reminiscent of human carcinomas. The root cell infected with the bacterium Rhizobium begins to transform, connecting neighboring elements to this process. The result is the formation of a tumor of the root system and rapid death.

The disease can be treated with the help of "chemotherapy" aimed at destroying the lesion, but it is easier and more effective to completely get rid of the infected plant, thereby saving the rest of the seedlings from danger.

Viral diseases

The strawberry bush is susceptible to viral attacks that lead to a number of diseases.

As practice shows, strawberry viral diseases and the fight against them are a laborious process and not always successful for a gardener. Therefore, the best option would be the complete destruction of diseased plants and the re-planting of healthy seedlings.

Animals defeat seedlings

They are also not averse to eating fragrant berries. True, at the same time, stems with roots can easily be spoiled. So it's clear: harmful creatures - fight!

Strawberry mite. A pest that eats young strawberry leaves. You can get rid of it by spraying the plants with dandelion infusion (take 1 kg of crushed fresh leaves for 10 liters of hot water and leave for 4 hours), Karbofos (3 tablespoons of the drug for 10 liters of water) or initially plant plants at a distance of 40-50 cm each from friend.

Spider mite. You can determine the presence of a "tenant" in the garden by seeing the shoots entangled in cobwebs. It usually appears in the spring. In the fight against the pest, spraying with infusions of tobacco, wormwood, Fitoverm helps well.

Weevil. Feeds on buds and young leaves. As part of preventive measures, digging aisles, destroying infected bushes, spraying with tobacco and hellebore help well. Among the "chemical rescuers" you can choose Iskra-M (use in accordance with the instructions).

Ants, woodlice, slugs. They love moisture, twilight and dense foliage, initially you should not turn a berry plantation into a “living carpet”: the bushes should be at a sufficient distance from each other. Aisles can be sprinkled with copper sulfate, coniferous needles, quicklime, metaldehyde.

By the way, a way to deceive wood lice with the help of wet birch branches is quite effective - by spreading such baits along the aisle, you can provoke arthropods to climb on them (for these pests, moisture and dampness are above all), and then simply take the branches with wood lice away from the beds.

Nematodes are small (1 mm long) worms that infect the insides of strawberries. You can escape from them only by destroying the infected plants, and cover the place of growth with bleach. Therefore, before planting "alien" seedlings, it is important to soak them for 15 minutes in a saline solution (1 tablespoon of kitchen salt per 1 liter of water).

As you can see, the treatment of strawberry diseases of animal origin is quite tolerable.

fungal diseases

The diseases and pests of strawberries described above are rather a rare misunderstanding than a general misfortune of gardeners. But fungal infections are already a real disaster.

Gray rot is the most common disease of strawberries. Signs of damage are:

• brown spots with a gray fluffy coating on the fruits;
• over time, the affected berries dry out;
• leaves are covered with gray and brownish spots.

To protect your beds from gray rot, it is necessary to treat the bushes with 1% Bordeaux mixture or "Barrier" before flowering. At the first signs of the disease, remove damaged fruits (otherwise, the spores will instantly disperse throughout the territory). Do not let the area become overgrown with weeds.

Black rot - ailment is almost completely identical to the previous ailment. The only difference is that instead of a gray coating, black is formed. Preventive measures are also the same.

Brown spotting. It affects leaf plates, forming brown borders on them at first, which eventually develop into a complete “brown” leaf. An infected culture slows down development; spore sacs form on its surface. The disease is long-term, sluggish: there may be a belief that the berries have recovered, but in the fall everything will repeat again from the beginning. It is important to regularly remove weeds, old diseased leaves. If, nevertheless, “they didn’t save themselves and picked up the muck”, after harvesting, treat the plantation with Fitosporin.

When studying strawberry diseases, Fusarium wilt cannot be missed. Not having time to get sick, the seedling becomes brown, withers and dies. If it is possible to detect the fungus in the early stages, the culture can be saved by Phytodoctor, Trichodermin. Otherwise, the plantation is removed and re-planting is possible only after 4 years.

Strawberry pests and diseases have been attacking gardeners for over 2 centuries. What kind of ways to deal with them during this time have not been invented: folk remedies, chemicals, mechanical effects, conspiracies and amulets. One of these recipes for “handy” agricultural chemistry is iodine.

For the successful use of the drug, you need to take a 10-liter bucket of water (the container should not be metal) and flavor it with 15 drops of iodine. Stir well and water the strawberries, while avoiding getting liquid on the leaves. After such a “fertilizer”, beetles and other living creatures will not appear on the site for 2-3 years. If you are afraid to “burn” the roots of the culture with iodine (inadvertently adding more drug), then you can treat the beds before the initial planting of seedlings (3-4 days). The effect will be the same as in the previous case.

Having considered the topic, we can say with confidence that the cultivation of fragrant berries, although a troublesome, time-consuming task, but the result is worth it.

We figured out Sadovaya, we will get acquainted with the diseases of our pet.

Strawberries are an indispensable attribute of the plots of most gardeners. But the culture is fragile, tender.

Not only the taste is tender, the plant also needs support: plantings are overcome by numerous strawberry diseases.

The berry itself will not cope with any immunity.

Therefore, the plant will have to groom and undead the whole season: from awakening to the end of the growing season. Also prepare carefully for wintering.

A real lover of fragrant berries and other plants is not afraid of difficulties. He is a cook, a nanny and a doctor for garden guests.

Proper care will provide.

strawberry ailments

Garden strawberries are affected by diseases common to different cultures. Appear on it - specifically.

It is necessary to overcome them, knowing the biology of culture and the characteristics of diseases.

Strawberries do not tolerate the disease well, and treatment is necessary - emergency.

Gray rot

A fungus that develops rapidly, like a fire. Just as quickly, gray rot turns the berries into “ashes” - they are covered with a coating of silver-gray mycelium, rotting from the inside.

The disease is resistant to a wide range of temperatures. Spores withstand the heat of summer, winter frosts.

They seem to conserve themselves, waiting for favorable conditions.

And favorable for the fungus - here it is unoriginal - heat and moisture, coupled with temperature changes day and night.

Tomatoes, grapes, other berries and vegetables - gray rot affects everything, it is picky.

The disease can destroy the entire or almost the entire crop. There are no varieties resistant to rot. But some are less affected.

• Ruby pendant;
• Mitze Schindler;
• New.

Observing selection novelties, the gardener can pick up an interesting variety that is less affected by gray rot.

The spores of the fungus are weightless, easily spread by the wind. They also pass from the soil to the plant itself or its berry.

A very nasty disease. But there is also such control.

There is a whole range of control measures, the result will justify the work.

Gardeners struggle with strawberry disease like this:

• Mulching. Mulch is selected resistant to decay, for example - needles. Reception cuts off the pathogen from the plant. In addition, the needles contain phytoncides. This keeps the mulch unappetizing for the fungus longer.
• Timely cleaning of last year's mulch. During the winter, phytoncides disappear, the cover can rot, and an infection hibernates under it. In early spring, all this is raked up and burned. Mulch is needed, but fresh.
• Choice of location. Choose comfort for the plant while creating discomfort for gray rot and other fungi. Place strawberries in a sunny, ventilated place. The size of the area should provide a loose fit. Exclude “stagnant” places from the layout: neither moisture nor air should stagnate on a strawberry plot.
• Watering. Do not think that intensive watering will add juiciness to berries or make them larger. Water moderately, do not cherish the fungus. Strawberries rot very quickly. Flowering strawberries are watered only under the root, preferably not cold water. Sprinkling or cold watering provokes the incidence of gray rot.
• Application of fertilizers. You can bring them in. Even necessary. But it is necessary to be guided - what are pertinent. Organics are always nitrogen, always the risk of fungal infections. But phosphorus and potassium are a good top dressing for strawberries. The “full” bush is strengthened, it becomes more resistant to the attacks of any ailment. Nitrogen (organic) can be applied in small amounts two years before strawberries in the crop rotation. Otherwise, not only the soil becomes infected, but also the strawberry bush “goes into the leaf” - it will drive out a powerful leaf mass to the detriment of the berries. Moreover, the shading will intensify. Mineral nitrogen is applied at a minimum in the year preceding planting.
• The use of agrofibre. Use black fiber. Berries do not come into contact with the infection in the soil. They don't rot. The fiber breathes, passes the moisture of watering and rain.
• On diseased plants, the berries are cut along with the pedicel, burned (you can pour bleach). Diseased residues should not be placed in the compost.
• Powdering ash soil on the plot gives a good result. Disinfects and puts a barrier to gray rot mycelium.
• Plantings are periodically ventilated, cutting back on watering, allowing the soil to dry out.

It is not possible to completely eradicate a fungal infection, but it is possible to keep this attack in check.

powdery mildew

The disease is caused by the fungus Oidium. There are few crops that this noxious fungus could not reach.

Strawberries suffer greatly. Diseases of garden strawberries are mainly of a fungal nature, the culture is susceptible to fungal attack.

Powdery mildew affects the entire plant. Starts with a sheet.

A plaque from the bottom of its plate is not immediately noticeable. Therefore, inspect the bushes, especially in warm, humid - favorable for the fungus - years.

At first it is a white coating that looks like a web. If you look closely, you can see dots of spores on it.

Unnoticed in time, powdery mildew spreads rapidly. The spots on the leaves turn brown, the plaque passes to the rest of the strawberry bush.

Stems, flowers, berries, flower stalks - everything is strewn with a powdery coating, which soon causes rotting. Curled leaves dry up.

Strawberry leaf diseases are common. Septoria is one of them.

Recognize the disease by the type of spots, they are specific. At first - small, but already with a border. The color is reddish-brown in the whole spot.

As the disease progresses, the characteristic symptoms become clearer:

• The spots are getting bigger;
• Their color changes: the spots become gray or a whitish coating appears;
• The border along the edge remains, the color remains red-brown;
• The disease affects the petioles, forming elongated spots. Color - as on the leaves;
• Part of the leaves, severely affected by septoria, dies off. The yield is greatly reduced, and its quality suffers.

White spotting of strawberries is extremely common due to the pathogen's ability to withstand a wide range of temperatures.

Septoria develops at low plus and at high temperatures, too.

The fungus and 5 ° and up to 35 ° withstand easily. Therefore, it is found wherever strawberries are.

Septoria loves the "golden mean" more. Most harmful when it is warm but not hot.

Another condition: a humid environment. The warm rainy season will trigger an outbreak, be on the lookout.

The fight against white spot includes agricultural practices, general - agricultural technology, common in fungal infections.

Those techniques that when eradicating gray rot, powdery mildew.

The "copper component" of the fight against fungus does not lose its relevance. Bordeaux liquid is used widely and successfully.

The dates are the same:

• Beginning of the growing season;
• Budding;
• post-harvest period;
• Before leaving for the winter.

Strawberry takes treatment with copper preparations gratefully, recovers well.

brown spot

And again the fungus, the scourge of our sweet berry, now in a different guise.

This disease also follows strawberries in all regions. Wherever, at what latitude, strawberries grow, protection from diseases is one of the first concerns of the gardener.

The fungus loves her as much as we do. Sometimes it turns out to be more agile, then the harvest is “not ours”.

Signs of the disease:

• Spotting is not quite "brown". Initially, white spots are characteristic (leaves are affected). These spots are on the upper plate of the leaf, they darken later.
• At this stage, the lower plate is already affected by the fungus, covered with a brown coating.
• Sparse at first, later spots densely dot the leaf.
• The sheet dries up.

Brown spotting does not affect strawberries. But it can halve the yield by disrupting their nutrition.

It is better to start the fight against the disease with improvised safe folk methods.

The main thing is to find the problem in time.

Potassium permanganate. The solution is taken weak. So that there are no undissolved crystals left that can leave burns on the foliage, potassium permanganate is first diluted in a small amount of water.

It is desirable to do this in a neutral (glass) container. The drug is taken at the tip of a knife, for example, on a liter jar. The solution is intensely colored.

After carefully stirring the crystals (some will not dissolve immediately, they will settle), add a concentrated solution to the water - we take it 10 liters.

We bring to a pale pink color. This is a working solution, you can spray.

The remaining concentrate is closed with a lid and left for the next processing.

Potassium permanganate is non-toxic, process as needed. But we habitually skip the flowering phase, do not interfere with pollination.

Iodine solution. The antiseptic iodine works not only in medicine, it is also applicable in phytopathology.

Shows good efficiency in the destruction of fungi.

To slow down the development of brown spotting, it is enough to feed strawberries in the spring with a weak (3 drops of iodine, a bucket of water) iodine solution.

This will improve nutrition, the condition of plants, and protect them from spotting.

Additional autumn processing allows a greater concentration of the drug. Increase it to 15 drops and water the strawberry plot in late autumn.

Ash. Good and universal, working on all cultures, ash or ash-soap solution.

Soak a glass of ash in a bucket of water for a day. Spray with strained solution.

You can add shavings of laundry soap dissolved in warm water. Ash - fertilizer, maybe mulch.

From it only the benefits of strawberries. There is no harm to humans either.

Agrotechnical methods of protection are the same for any type of fungus. Competent care blocks the way to many diseases at once.

Rhizoctonia

There is a garden strawberry and such a misfortune that you will not notice right away. Black rot (rhizoctoniosis), affecting the roots.

The pathogen is also a fungus. Black root rot begins its dirty work from young roots. It strikes them focally.

But the fungus grows quickly, captures the entire root system. Such specialization does not give the plant a chance to develop.

The mushroom is "polyphagous" - lives on different cultures, tenacious, harmful.

If the lower leaves turn brown, and a slight effort on the bush makes it easy to take it out (already without roots) - this is rhizoctoniosis.

It is the illegibility of the fungus in nutrition that makes it difficult to fight the disease.

It is difficult to plan a crop rotation so that the carrier of black root rot is not nearby.

Control measures include:

• Crop rotation: return strawberries to their former place with an interval of 5 years, do not plant after crops susceptible to the disease;
• Cleanliness of the site - remove weeds, including their remains before wintering;
• Disinfection of planting material (warming up in water, treatment with antiseptics);
• Fungicide treatment (autumn, spring, summer);
• Take "like - like" - use mushroom fungicides. Trichoderma is fungal. It protects, frees the soil from the pathogenic fungus and, accordingly, the roots of plants. Effectively apply Trichoderma by drip irrigation.

By following the agricultural practices adopted for strawberries, you will further reduce the risk of black root rot on the crop.

Wilt (verticillium wilt)

The pathogen is extremely resistant. Spores are viable in the soil for a quarter of a century (!) - as much as 25 years.

The disease is also fungal etiology. Distribution routes are varied. Spores are microscopically small, imperceptible.

They are carried on the tool, with planting material, they can “arrive” even on the gardener's shoes.

The dwarfism of the bushes is manifested. Before fruiting, the bush usually does not survive.

Typical wilt current:

• Leaf spotting - the formation of dark spots on them;
• The appearance of necroticity: leaf tissue dies between the veins;
• Older leaves below are affected and die first;
• A severely affected strawberry plant dies.

Sometimes a bush “burns out” in three days, but it can wither for two years.

It depends on the resistance of a particular variety, weather conditions, even the type of soil.

Diagnostic test: cross section of the plant. On it, with verticillium wilt, brown vessels are visible.

Fight against verticillium:

• Agricultural technology - compliance with the necessary measures to prevent the access of the pathogen to the plant;
• Reasonable crop rotation;
• Site cleanliness;
• Burning the affected bushes;
• Proper selection of a siderat predecessor;
• Selection of resistant varieties;
• Biological methods - treatment of seedlings with biological products that prevent the development of the fungus;
• The use of fungicides. Sometimes it's necessary. Fumigation is carried out in the greenhouse - treatment with gaseous fungicides that disinfect the soil. In the area outside the greenhouses - spraying plants with systemic (penetrating into tissues) fungicides. This is "Fundazol", "Benorad" - application according to the instructions.

Strawberry diseases are mainly of a fungal nature. Therefore, control measures are rarely specific.

They are aimed at killing the fungus, and fungi often prefer the same conditions.

Therefore, fighting with one, you carry out the prevention of others.

Strawberries, like all living organisms, need protection and help. Try to save her. Then she will not upset you, all the work will pay off with the joy of a healthy harvest.

See you soon, dear readers!

Can significantly affect the yield. Excellent weather conditions, an abundance of green mass, fruits - all this is the best fit for insects to destroy entire plantations of shrubs.

To avoid the loss of the strawberry crop from pests, it is necessary to carry out preventive protective measures. They will help reduce the likelihood of pests, especially those that live in the soil.

The spectrum of strawberry pests includes a sufficient number of such individuals. The main ones are presented below.

Strawberry pests - Strawberry whitefly

Strawberry whitefly or strawberry aleurodid - Aleurodes fragariae

The whitefly that harms strawberries is very small. It looks like a micro white butterfly, less than 1.5 mm long and only 0.3 mm wide. The wings of the whitefly are covered with a wax-like coating on top. There are two pairs of wings.

Whiteflies settle under the leaves, sucking the juice out of them. Butterflies do not like sunlight, so they can be found in shady areas.

They also lay their eggs on the underside of leaves. Their larvae are six-legged, oval, flat. They cannot be seen with the naked eye. In search of food, they also stick to leaf plates. Over time, their limbs and whiskers stop working.

After leaving the puparia (a type of cocoon), fully developed adults are formed. During one growing season, a culture can produce up to 4 generations of whiteflies. Such a pest hibernates in plant debris and upper soil layers.

To protect strawberries from this pest, they are treated with pesticides before flowering and after harvesting.

Strawberries are grown on mulching film to prevent the spread of butterflies.

Strawberry pests - Shaggy bronzer

Bronzovka hairy – Tropinota hirta

Shaggy bronze damages the generative organs of the plant.

This is a black insect, matte. Length approximately 12 mm. This is a typical representative of lamellar, which indicates its soil development. Bronzovka hibernates in the ground. From the end of May to the end of June, the bronzes cause the greatest harm to strawberries - they feed on flowers, periodically and on young leaves.

All stages of development of the beetle are associated with the soil, as already mentioned. This is what makes it difficult to remove pests from a certain area. In areas where intensive agricultural technology is used and constant plowing of the soil, the number of bronzovkas is steadily falling. But not everyone can afford such expenses. Even in garden plots, not everyone cultivates the land intensively.

The best recommendation to prevent the spread of hairy bronze is to dig the soil, remove the larvae (suitable for small areas). It will not be superfluous to set fire to straw and leaves to scare away beetles. Some use baits for females. In extreme cases, beetles can be collected from plants by hand.

Since bronze begins to act actively precisely during the flowering period, treatment with chemicals is automatically not allowed.

The only suitable insecticide is Calypso. It can be used during any growing season. The effect is manifested after 3 hours.

Strawberry Pests - Green Peach Aphid

Green peach aphid - Myzus persicae

Green peach aphid inhabits the generative organs of plants, namely petioles and peduncles. As a result, plants weaken and die.

Chemical means of control are absolutely the same as in case of defeat by other pests.

To protect strawberries from aphids, the gall midge afidimizu, which is a predator, is used. These gall midges are grown in biolaboratories, laying out a cocoon per square meter at the first appearance of aphids. If the aphid has already multiplied strongly, the number of entomophage cocoons is increased to 3 pieces per 1 m 2.

Strawberry pests - Strawberry leaf beetle

strawberry leaf beetle – Galerucella Tenella

Beetle brown. In length reaches 3-4 mm. Feeds on leaf blades. The name speaks for itself - leaf beetles eat out passages and holes in strawberry leaves.

The female lays her eggs on the underside of the leaf or on the petioles. Masonry can be single and group.

The larvae hatch within 2 weeks. They feed in the same way as older beetles. Leaf beetle larvae are yellow, with a brown head. Their length is up to 5 mm. They have spots and sparse short hairs on their backs.

With a strong spread of the strawberry leaf beetle, the leaves dry up, and the fruits remain in small numbers and are severely deformed.

Beetles hibernate in the ground under plant debris. Based on this, the optimal control measures are agrotechnical. Of the chemicals, Nurell D, Sharpei, Karate and Zolon are allowed. Use them during the period of active life of the pest.

Strawberry pests - Strawberry nematode

strawberry nematode – Aphelenchoides Fragariae

Nematodes harm all vegetable and berry crops without exception. Their harmfulness is extremely high. Therefore, their appearance in the vicinity of a field or garden is highly undesirable. The level of the yield obtained can drop by up to half.

This nematode is a roundworm, up to 1 mm long. The body is in the form of an elongated cylinder.

Worms settle in the kidneys and axils of the leaves. Nematodes cause deformation of buds, flowers and ovaries. They become ugly, twisted. Bushes stop growing. With a strong nematode attack, the bush may not produce berries at all. At best, a few ugly bushes. Beauty of Zagorye and Early Makherauha lose up to 70% of their production when damaged by these pests. The Festivalnaya variety is relatively stable.

As befits most insects and various pests, nematodes can stay in the soil for a long time. Therefore, the best method of prevention is the implementation of all agricultural operations correctly and on time. It is necessary to adhere to crop rotations, return strawberries to their original place after a certain number of years. The destruction of weeds and various plant residues is also among these activities.

If signs of infection with nematodes are found in strawberries, diseased plants are removed immediately, and after that the soil is treated with a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate.

Before planting seedlings, I use thermotherapy. In addition to removing nematodes, this method will also save you from ticks.

Strawberry pests - Nettle leaf weevil

Nettle-leaf weevil -Phyllobius urticae

A bright green beetle that damages leaf blades.

Not very large in size - up to 12 mm long, common in the European part of Russia and Siberia. The pest hibernates in the soil. In the spring they begin to act actively.

Leaf weevils are polyphagous, have a rather bright color - from green-blue to bronze-brown. Often males and females often have different colors.

The beetles of most species come out of the soil in spring, when the rosaceous plants are in the rosebud phase. Usually they feed in the early morning, evening and at night, as well as in cloudy weather, buds, leaves and flowers of various woody and shrubby plants for about a month. During the daytime, they are found in rolled leaves, under loose bark, or in plant litter.

Eggs are laid in the soil, legless, white, thick, wrinkled larvae that emerge from them live in the upper layers of the soil, feeding on small plant roots. Their influence on the state of plants is insignificant. The larvae also pupate in the soil. The pupae are pale white, with black eyes, about 5 mm long. The beetles emerge from pupae at the end of summer or autumn, but remain in the soil for the winter.

Before flowering, the bushes can be sprayed with 50% karbofos (no more than 30 grams are required per bucket of water). Additionally, Confidor and Decis are used.

Strawberry pests - Maybug

– Melolontha melolontha, Melolontha hippocastani

Harm two species of beetles of the same genus. They are similar in appearance and harmfulness. Quite large - 22-29 mm. Black, but elytra brownish. Covered with fine white hairs.

They fly already in April in warmer southern regions and in May in colder ones. They are active in the afternoon, almost in the evening. Widespread in the vicinity of deciduous tree species. The flight is 20-40 days, during which they safely eat the foliage.

The female reproduces masonry at a depth of up to 30 cm. They choose medium soils in terms of granulometric composition, while avoiding sandy and rough ones. Each female can lay up to 70 eggs. After 1-1.5 months, larvae appear. The first year of their life cycle, they feed on humus, gradually digging closer and closer under the root systems of various plants.

The larva of the May beetle remains in this stage for as long as 3 years. Only on the 4th summer of its existence does it pupate. And, again, after 1-1.5 months, a beetle comes out of the pupa, which also spends the next winter in the soil.

May beetle larvae are easily recognizable. They are very large (up to 6 cm and sometimes more), white or yellowish-white in color.

It is important to use the same standard insecticides - Nurell D, Zolon, Sharpei and Karate during the period of active wrecking of beetles and their larvae. During the process of their degeneration and pupation in the presence of drip irrigation, Marshall, Bazudin, Aktara and Zolon are added to the nutrient solution in the required concentrations. If there is no drip irrigation in this farm, then the soil is treated with Force, as well as Aktara VDG 250g / l.

Strawberry pests - Raspberry-strawberry weevil

Raspberry strawberry weevil – Anthonomus Rubi

The beetle is dark in color (gray or black), small in size - only 2-3 mm in length. Harms, mainly, young leaves, buds and pedicels.

During the period of budding and further flowering, pedicels without buds are found on the affected bushes. Sometimes the buds hang on a thin film.

The weevil harms the early varieties of strawberries as much as possible. It emerges from the soil after wintering and begins to gnaw and eat up the pedicels of the first buds. It is these buds that give the largest first berries.

After eating, females lay larvae in buds. These larvae devour the contents, and after some time they pupate in the same place.

Each larva develops in 20-25 days. The next generation of weevils feed on young leaves. They gnaw narrow holes in them in large quantities.

Weevils traditionally overwinter in the ground at a shallow depth (up to 1.5 cm) or under plant debris.

To protect strawberries from this pest, strawberry bushes are sprayed during the life of the pests with Nurell D, Karate, Actellik, Zolon.

Strawberry pests - Common Medvedka

Medvedka common – gryllotalpa gryllotalpa

Medvedka is a large, unpleasant-looking typical garden and field pest. The range of affected plants of this beetle is very large, it is polyphagous. The presence of a bear on the site will be indicated by the wilting of plants, pulling out which the bitten parts of the root system are visible.

Medvedka is about 6 cm long. Beetle brown. The forepaws are very large with the presence of lower legs with teeth capable of digging the soil.

A very large number of this pest occurs in fields well fertilized with organic fertilizers. In addition, high humidity is also a plus for them.

Medvedki hibernate in 20-40 cm thick soil. In spring, when the soil reaches a temperature of 8-10 ºС, the beetles crawl into higher layers and begin to actively gnaw the roots. Consequently, the greatest harmfulness is manifested precisely in early spring, as well as in early summer.

At a depth of 14 cm, females lay eggs. Their maximum number reaches 400 pieces. Bears protect their offspring and hatched larvae. The larvae themselves hatch by the end of May - beginning of June.

They begin to feed only a few weeks after hatching. They feed on plants. In the larval stage, the bear lives for 2 years.

To fight the bears use special baits. Marshall, Hinofur and Zolon are also used for etching. Similarly with May beetles, they use the same preparations for drip irrigation and, in its absence, Force.

Strawberry pests - Strawberry mite

strawberry mite -Tarsonemus fragariae

The tick is transparent and small. The size of the female is 0.2 mm, the male is 1.5 times smaller. It is impossible to detect this tick with the naked eye. At the initial stages of development, the mites are whitish-transparent. As they mature, they turn yellow or brown. Bushes heavily affected by strawberry mites are always dwarfed. Their productivity is extremely reduced.

Ticks suck juice from young leaves. After that, the leaves curl up, become waxy yellow in appearance and die off. Those that survived remain shriveled.

Most of all, the influence of mites on strawberry bushes is noticeable in the second half of summer.

Strawberry pests such as mites prefer waterlogged regions and places with warm temperatures. The pest is ubiquitous. But the harmfulness increases from the southern and dry territories to wet and warm places in the north.

May be found in greenhouses.

To protect strawberries from this pest, only clean and healthy seedlings should be used before planting. The drug Keltan (0.2% solution at the beginning of leaf growth) can partially destroy the tick. An alternative to it is Karbofos (0.3% solution). Such spraying, if necessary, is repeated after harvesting and harvesting old leaves.

Strawberry Pests - Spider Mite

spider mite – Tetranychus Urticae

Such mites envelop the entire bush with a thin cobweb. After some time, the bush dries completely.

On this web, in good light, you can see those same spider mites. They are very small - 0.5 mm, whitish. Therefore, they are not easy to notice in the shade and on sheet plates. They inhabit the undersides of leaf blades. The initial signs are visible, on the contrary, from above the sheet. These are small bright dots.

In the spring, spider mites develop on weeds, after which they directly infect the strawberries themselves. The maximum number of pests falls on the second part of fruiting.

For prevention, you must adhere to all the rules of cultivation without exception. When a spider mite appears, a predator, phytoseiulus, is bred on plantations. - This is also a tick that feeds on spider mites. It is grown on an industrial scale in biolaboratories.

The following acaricides are used: Actellik, Sunmite, Omite, Flumite and Ortus.

Strawberry Pests - Slugs

Slugs damage strawberry crops in any growing region. Best of all, they tolerate temperatures from +15 to +17 ºС. The humidity of the air must be absolute. That is why they cause harm most of all in a humid climate and under appropriate conditions for cultivating crops.

They winter in the ground. But mostly in areas remote from the cultivation zone. Overwintered individuals lay eggs in June, and those that hatched from eggs in spring - in July-August.

Slug clutches are prepared under lumps of earth in wet areas.

Harm the fruits. They eat away the pulp of the berry, starting from the bottom - where the berry comes into contact with the soil or a wet object. In the centers of leaf plates, slugs gnaw out rounded holes. Less commonly, they use the edges of the leaves for this. During the day, slugs do not come to the surface. Actively harm precisely at twilight. Depending on the species, the slug can live up to 4 years.

To protect strawberries from slugs from chemical means of protection, Slimaks is effective at a concentration of 5-7 kg / ha. Also, row spacings can be sprinkled with metaldehyde (8-10 kg / ha). Before planting, the soil is treated with formaldehyde. In addition, you should control the humidity in the territory occupied by strawberries, adhere to the rules of agrotechnical tillage.

Strawberry pests - Tobacco thrips

Thrips tobacco – Thrips tabaci

This type of thrips is ubiquitous. It harms many crops, both vegetable and berry. The size of thrips is traditionally small - adults reach up to 1 mm. The color of thrips is yellowish and brown. The larvae are light. Thrips overwinter in plant debris or at shallow depths in the ground.

In early spring, they feed on weeds. The pest is extremely prolific - the female forms 70-100 eggs per laying. The larvae appear after 5 days. After another 10 days, the larvae deepen into a 15-cm layer of soil and a week later adult insects appear. During the growing season, thrips form a maximum of 5 generations.

Sprayed in the same way as in previous cases.

Strawberry Pest Control Methods

The best way to deal with anything is to prevent the appearance of a pest, or pathogen. With the right approach, you can generally prevent damage to your site by any of the pests.

Agrotechnical methods for protecting strawberries from pests

• compliance with crop rotation;
• destruction of weeds and plant residues;
• plowing / digging the soil;
• air humidity control (for greenhouse conditions);
• controlled watering.

Biological methods for protecting strawberries from pests

In this case, they suggest the cultivation of predatory insects that are able to feed on certain types of pests. These are entomophages of gall midge aphidimiz against aphids and phytoseiulus against spider mites.

Chemical methods for protecting strawberries from pests

• Apollo, (a.i. clofentezin, 500 g/l) is a contact acaricide that kills spider mites. Treatments are carried out 2nd during the growing season with a drug consumption of 0.3-0.4 l/ha.
• Zolon, k.e. (a.i. fozolone, 350 g/l) - has a wide spectrum of action on strawberries. Use during the growing season before flowering and after harvest. The consumption rate is 0.6 l/ha.
• Karate, mks (a.i. lambda-cyhalothrin, 50 g/l) - suitable against aphids, mites, leaf beetles and other pests. To prepare the solution, take 4 g of the drug per 10 liters of water.
• Actellik, k.e. (a.i. pyrimiphos-methyl) - on this berry crop, the insecticide can kill almost all pests, including beetles and aphids. Sprayed twice during the growing season with a consumption rate of 0.6 l/ha.
• Aktara, c.g. (a.i. thiamethoxam 250 g/kg) - applied at a rate of 2 g/10 l of water per hundred square meters. Two treatments. First spraying before flowering, second spraying after harvesting. Sprayed 25 days before harvesting berries with a flow rate of 1.5 liters per 10 m 2.
• Karbofos, k.e. (a.c. karbofos 30%) - insectoacaricide that fights aphids, beetles, weevils, moths and mites. Spraying is carried out a month before harvest. Consumption 10 liters per 10 strawberry bushes, and one solution requires 8 liters of water and 60 g of Karbofos.
• Metaldehyde, g. (a.i. metaldehyde) - a typical remedy for slugs. Scattered on the surface of the soil. Approximate consumption - 4 granules per square meter.
• sharpei, m.e. (a.i. cypermethrin, 250 g/l) - used against beetles and often other pests. The consumption rate ranges from 0.15 to 0.3 l/ha.
• Nurell D, k.e. (a.i. chlorpyrifos 500 g/l + cypermethrin 50 g/l) is a broad-spectrum insecticide. The consumption rate is 1-1.5 l/ha.
• force, city (a.i. tefluthrin) - strawberry plantations are treated in the absence of drip irrigation once at a working solution concentration of 10-12 kg / ha.

Folk methods for protecting strawberries from pests

• Tobacco dust - can be used against aphids, fleas, ticks. Take 1 kg of dust per 10 liters of water, insist for a day. Then diluted with water in a ratio of 1:3 and add 40 g of soap per 10 liters of solution. Sprayed 2 weeks before harvest.
• Mustard powder - pollinates the soil, which prevents the appearance of slugs. In addition, it eliminates bedbugs and thrips (100 g per 10 liters of water must also be infused for 2 days, strain, add 40 g of soap). Processing is carried out 20 days after flowering.
• Honey - acts as bait for bears.
• Salt - regular table salt will save strawberry planting from ants.
• Sunflower oil - diluted in water gives the same effect as salt.
• Apple cider vinegar - spray plants against aphids.

With the onset of summer, everyone is looking forward to the harvest of strawberries. However, strawberries are susceptible to a large number of diseases, and treatment measures must be taken on time. Otherwise, there is a threat to be left without a treat. This article describes the most common plant diseases, their signs, treatment and prevention methods that will help you save strawberries and enjoy the divine taste of its fruits.

spotting

Spotting is the most common disease of strawberries. It affects not only the deciduous part, but also leads to crop loss. With an extensive disease, all the fruits, as well as the seedlings themselves, may disappear. The threat of plant damage by this disease persists throughout the growing season. Spotting will not go away on its own, to get rid of it, you must immediately take appropriate measures. Strawberry leaf spot is caused by a fungus Depending on its genus, the following types of disease are distinguished:

• white spotting;
• brown;
• brown.

It depends on the specific type of disease what methods of treatment and prevention the gardener needs to take in order to save the crop and the plant.

Important! If the strawberries and the soil under it are not cultivated, you can lose the harvest not only in the current year, but also in the next year: the fungus will begin to actively develop the next year, inhibiting the growth and flowering of new seedlings.

This type of disease is caused by fungi of the genus Mycospherella and Ramularia. Begins to develop in early spring. It affects leaves, stalks, petioles, berries. Signs of white spotting can be detected already in the month of May. These include:

• the formation of white spots with a dark border on the surface of the leaves;
• the shape of the spots is round or oval, they are located along the central vein of the leaves;
• over time, the spots fall out, and holes form in their place, under the conditions of the development of the disease, their size becomes larger, forming large holes;
• leaves and petioles die off;
• berries become stained and rot or dry out.

The factors that provoke the infection of strawberries with such an ailment are:

• before planting seedlings, onions, garlic, herbs, carrots, potatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, tomatoes, corn, celery, beans, rapeseed, clover, cereals grew on the site;
• dense landing;
• damage to the soil by rot or pests;
• not timely cleaning of dry leaves;
• uncultivated or late cultivated soil in the spring;
• long-term use of the site.

In winter, spores are stored in the remains of the plant. The fungus tolerates heat and low temperatures, wet weather and drought well. In open areas where there is a lot of light, spores develop faster. The disease is transferred to healthy sprouts with the help of wind, rain, insects, through the ground.

Control and prevention measures:

• in early spring, clean the area from last year's leaves and burn them;
• in the spring, treat the seedlings with "Falcon", and in the fall with "Ordan";
• in the case of planting new shoots, after the fight against white spot, only healthy, undamaged seedlings are used;
• thin out mustaches and seedlings to ensure normal density;
• timely remove the missing, affected leaves and seedlings;
• remove missing berries;
• do not pour;
• fertilize with potash fertilizer;
• do not fertilize with organic substances (manure, droppings).

Did you know? Folk remedies for combating strawberry diseases in the form of white spotting include spraying the leaves of the plant with an iodine solution (50 ml of iodine per 10 liters of water).

brown spot

The causative agent of brown spot is a fungus of the genus Mersoninna. Develops in mid-July. Brown spot affects strawberry leaves, sometimes mustaches and petioles. Leaves at the beginning of the disease are covered with large reddish spots of angular, irregular shape. Later the spots turn brown. Black dots are scattered on the surface of the spots, which secrete mucus. As the disease develops, the spots lose their pronounced color, and the leaves simply dry out. On the petioles and mustaches, brown spotting gives itself out as small, slightly depressed black dots. Carriers are insects, wind, raindrops.

Important! L strawberry leaves disappear in a short period of time. At a late stage, the disease is difficult to notice. It seems that the plant is just preparing for a rest period: the spots disappear, and the leaves simply dry out. However, when young foliage grows, micelle spots form on it at once.

Factors that create favorable conditions for the development of the disease:

• dense landing;
• excessive watering;
• untimely cleaning of the site from weeds.

Control and prevention measures:

• in the fall, spray the plot with "Ordan";
• in the spring, treat with "Falcon" or "Ridomil" for prevention;
• for planting, use only healthy seedlings;
• cut and clean the area from dry foliage and mustache in a timely manner;
• use potash fertilizers;
• treatment with a solution of manganese (5 g per 10 l of water).

Angular or brown spotting

It affects the plant in the month of July. Damages leaves, mustaches, petioles, berries. It leads to the death of the leaves, after which the plants do not tolerate winter well, many of them freeze, and the next year's yield also worsens.

At the beginning of the disease, yellowish spots form on the leaves, which eventually turn brown. However, the yellowish border remains. With the development of the disease, the spots increase and acquire an angular shape. After rains, light slimy spores of the fungus form on the surface of the spots. On petioles and mustaches, the disease manifests itself as brown dots, which eventually turn into necrosis.

• in autumn, remove all dry and infected foliage;
• process plants in the autumn with "Ordan";
• in the spring, for prevention, you can spray "Ridomil", "Kvadris" or "Falcon".

The disease manifests itself on the leaves and fruits with a white coating, which smells like mold. The causative agent is fungi that are airborne or along with infected seedlings.

Control and prevention methods:

• planting strawberries in a well-ventilated and adequately illuminated area;
• grow a plant in high beds;
• spring spraying with "Kvadris" (for prevention);
• when signs of illness are detected after picking berries, the plants are sprayed with "Fundazol".

Did you know? It is powdery mildew that gives the fruits of strawberries an unpleasant aftertaste of mold and ugly shapes.

Rot

Rot refers to the dangerous and common diseases of strawberries. It's hard to get her out. At the same time, it leads to the death of a large number of crops. The disease can destroy up to 85% of the fruit.

It affects the entire above-ground part of the strawberry. Signs of the disease include:

Important! The most favorable condition for the development of rot is moist soil. Drying out excessively moist soil during heavy rainfall will help save the plant from disease.

Control and prevention methods:

• planting healthy seedlings;
• when a disease is detected, spraying with Antracol or Quadris.

Rhizoctonia (black root rot)

Strawberries are susceptible to this disease throughout the growing season. With this disease, round black spots form on the roots of the plant. Over time, the root system becomes flabby and dry. With such a disease, the yield is significantly reduced, the seedlings grow poorly and practically do not form a mustache, the petioles become brown. After some time, in the absence of appropriate measures, the plant dies.

Plants that grow are most susceptible to rhizoctoniosis:

• on depleted soil;
• in areas where potatoes, tomatoes, corn had previously grown;
• in conditions when strawberries were grown for a long time without changing the place.

Control and prevention methods:

• a change in the place of cultivation of the plant (plant in the same place no earlier than after 4 years);
• it is not desirable to fertilize with organic matter;
• for prevention, seedlings are sprayed with "Ordan" in the fall.

A sign of white rot disease is the lightening of the foliage with its further drying or decay. A white coating forms on the leaves and berries. Over time, the berries begin to rot. Cool damp weather and dense planting contribute to the development of the disease.

• thinning densely planted seedlings;
• growing on high beds;
• when signs of the disease are detected, strawberries are treated with Dezoral.

It affects the entire aerial part of the plant. Gray spots appear on the leaves, they do not have a clear outline of the borders. The fruits become covered with brown spots, become watery, flabby and tasteless. With the development of the disease, the berries are completely covered with a gray coating.

The factors accompanying the appearance of gray rot are high humidity and low temperatures, touching the berries of the ground, untimely harvesting of infected berries. The most favorable conditions are wet cold weather and temperature fluctuations. The fungus, which provokes the appearance of rot, winters in the ground and on the remains of strawberries.

Methods of prevention and control:

• autumn cleaning of the site from infected leaves and fruits;
• straw mulching;
• thinning;
• spraying at the beginning and middle of flowering "Teldor";
• periodic cleaning of infected fruits, leaves, mustaches, weeds.

Did you know? The most susceptible to gray rot are the following varieties: Zengana, Beauty, Cinderella, Nadezhda.

black rot

Berries are susceptible to this disease. They turn brown, lose their smell and taste, become watery. In the process of development of the disease, they become covered with a dark coating.

Control and prevention measures:

• growing strawberries in high beds;
• autumn processing by "Ordan";
• for prevention in the spring, they are sprayed with boric acid (10 g per 10 l of water).

Important! Preventiveprotection of strawberries from diseasesspraying with chemicals should be done before flowering and after harvest. If it is necessary to take urgent measures, the crop after spraying is harvested and discarded. Be sure to familiarize yourself with the dangerous period of exposure to poisons, which is indicated on the package.

Withering

This disease is quite common. The disease is caused by fungi. At the same time, strawberry bushes disappear very quickly. Withering is also characterized by massive damage to plants.