Heron: description, types and habits. Where does the heron live and what does it eat? Heron hunting. Great Egret Egretta intermedia Middle White Heron description

Middle Egret
Egretta intermedia
Order Ciconiiformes
Family Heron - Ardeidae

Habitat
A rare, irregularly nesting species, the northern border of its range lies on the territory of Russia.
Wing length 250 mm.

Spreading. In Russia, nesting of the white heron is established on the lake. Khanka (1). In all likelihood, it nests in other places in Southern Primorye, in particular in the vicinity of Olga Bay, where on May 12, 1976, a pair of herons was discovered building a nest (2). In addition, in July, birds were seen on the island. Kunashir (Southern Kuril Islands), where they apparently nested (3). In the spring-summer period, average egrets were regularly observed (or caught) in the following places south of the Far East of the USSR: in the Khanka Lowland (4), in the Lazovsky Reserve (5, 6), in the vicinity of Olga Bay (2), near the village of Terney and the mouth of Samarga (7), in Peter the Great Bay on the Bolshoy Pelis Islands and Popov (5, 8), in the southern regions of the island. Sakhalin (9). Outside Russia, the breeding range covers areas of Asia from Northern Japan west to Pakistan, as well as South Africa north to the border of the Sahara and Australia (10).
Nests on ponds with dense thickets reeds, shrubs and woody vegetation, in mixed colonies of other stork species.

Number. On the lake Khanka at the mouth of the river. In 1971, 2 nests were discovered in one of the colonies of gray, red and great white herons. During the period of migrations and migrations, average white herons stay alone, in twos, or form flocks of 3 - 10, rarely of 20 - 25 birds.

Limiting factors. The low abundance of the species is explained by its habitat on the periphery of its range, as well as the lack of places suitable for nesting, which arose as a result of human changes in the birds’ habitat.

Security measures. It is necessary to protect birds during migration and nesting periods.

Middle Egret- Egretta intermedia see also 5.2.2. Genus White herons Egretta Medium white heron Egretta intermedia Similar to the great egret, but smaller (wingspan up to a meter), and with a shorter beak (shorter than the middle finger). Ring around the eye... Birds of Russia. Directory

average egret- vidutinis baltasis garnys statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Casmerodius intermedius; Egretta intermedia English. intermediate egret vok. Mittelreiher, m rus. white egret, f pranc. aigrette intermédiaire, fryšiai:… … Paukščių pavadinimų žodynas

Little egret- Egretta Egretta see also 5.2.2. Genus White herons Egretta Little egret Egretta garzetta. Similar to a great white heron, but almost twice as small (wingspan 60-90 cm). The beak is black, in winter and in young birds the mandible is yellow, the ring... ... Birds of Russia. Directory

Heron- ? Herons gray heron Ardea cinerea Scientific classification Kingdom: Animals Type ... Wikipedia

EGYPTIAN HERON- (Bubulcus ibis), a species of long-legged birds of the genus Small Chepur of the heron bird family (see HERONS); medium-sized bird: body length 48-53 cm, wingspan 90-96 cm, wing length 22-25 cm. Weight 300-400 g. Plumage color white, mating season upper... encyclopedic Dictionary

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Egrets- White herons ... Wikipedia

WHITE HERON

Bubulcus intermedia

Spreading: Breeds on the periphery of its range on the lake. Khanka and probably in other places in the south. Primorye. During seasonal migrations and in summer it is regularly observed in various regions of Primorye. Registered in the south. parts o. Sakhalin, on the islands of Moneron, Kunashir and Shikotan. Outside Russia, the nesting range covers the east. and south regions of Asia from Japan, the Philippine, Sunda, Moluccas and New Guinea to India and about. Ceylon, to the north to Nepal, r. Yellow River and Fr. Honshu, as well as the north. and east Australia, east and south Africa.

Habitat:Inhabits the banks of reservoirs, rice fields, swamps in lowlands and plateaus at altitudes up to 1400 m n.a.s.l. During the migration period it is found in meadows near sea ​​coast. Nests are built on dense spreading trees, bamboo, and reed creases. Breeding time is from May to July. One clutch per season. Contains 3-5, usually 4 eggs, according to other sources 2-3, less often 4 eggs. Both partners participate in incubating the clutch and feeding the chicks. Forages in wet biotopes. Sometimes "grazes" among livestock. Serves as food small fish, insects, especially beetles and Orthoptera. There is no information on mortality and its causes. North populations winter in the lower reaches of the river. Yangtze, on about. Taiwan, Philippine and Sunda Islands.

Number:On the lake Khanka found 2 nests of a white heron in a mixed colony of gray, red and great white herons. To the south and east coast of the lake Khanka were seen alone, in pairs, and in groups of up to 12 individuals during nesting time, but not every year. During the period of migrations and migrations, single birds and small groups of up to 10 birds were observed with equal frequency. In the Sakhalin region. the species is even rarer. The low number in Russia is explained by the proximity of the north. boundaries of the nesting range. In addition, there is a reduction in the area of ​​nesting and feeding biotopes as a result of intensive drainage of swamps on the Khanka Plain and in other regions of Primorye in the 60-70s. There is no noticeable decline in the number of the species.

Aves. Order: Storks Family: Herons Genus: Egrets Species: Great white egret Scientific name - Egretta intermedia (Wagler, 1829) Rarity category: 3 - rare view on the periphery of the range

Bubulcus intermedia Wagler, 1829

Spreading: Breeds on the periphery of its range on the lake. Khanka and probably in other places in the south. Primorye. During seasonal migrations and in summer it is regularly observed in various regions of Primorye. Registered in the south. parts o. Sakhalin, on the islands of Moneron, Kunashir and Shikotan. Outside Russia, the nesting range covers the east. and south regions of Asia from Japan, the Philippine, Sunda, Moluccas and New Guinea to India and about. Ceylon, to the north to Nepal, r. Yellow River and Fr. Honshu, as well as the north. and east Australia, east and south Africa.

Habitat: Inhabits the banks of reservoirs, rice fields, swamps in lowlands and plateaus at altitudes up to 1400 m above sea level. During the migration period it is found in meadows near the sea coast. Nests are built on dense spreading trees, bamboo, and reed creases. Breeding season is from May to July. One clutch per season. Contains 3-5, usually 4 eggs, according to other sources 2-3, less often 4 eggs. Both partners participate in incubating the clutch and feeding the chicks. Forages in wet biotopes. Sometimes "grazes" among livestock. The food is small fish, insects, especially beetles and Orthoptera. There is no information on mortality and its causes. North populations winter in the lower reaches of the river. Yangtze, on about. Taiwan, Philippine and Sunda Islands.

Number: On the lake Khanka found 2 nests of a white heron in a mixed colony of gray, red and great white herons. To the south and east coast of the lake Khanka were seen alone, in pairs, and in groups of up to 12 individuals during nesting time, but not every year. During the period of migrations and migrations, single birds and small groups of up to 10 birds were observed with equal frequency.

In the Sakhalin region. the species is even rarer. The low number in Russia is explained by the proximity of the north. boundaries of the nesting range. In addition, there is a reduction in the area of ​​nesting and feeding biotopes as a result of intensive drainage of swamps on the Khanka Plain and in other regions of Primorye in the 60-70s. There is no noticeable decline in the number of species.

Security: Included in the Annexes of bilateral agreements concluded by Russia with the USA, Japan and the Republic of Korea on the protection of migratory birds. Known and possible nesting sites in Primorye are part of the Khankaisky State Nature Reserve and the regional reserve on the coast of Zal. Olga. Some migratory birds are protected in the Far Eastern State Marine Reserve.

Source: 1. Polivanova, Glushchenko, 1977; 2. Labzyuk, 1981; 3. Labzyuk, 1990; 4. Elsukov, 1974; 5. Vorobyov, 1954; 6. Litvinenko, Shibaev, 1965; 7. Labzyuk et al., 1971; 8. Nazarov, Kurinny, 1981; 9. Glushchenko, 1981; 10. Nazarov, unpublished. data; 11. Gizenko, 1955; 12. N Compiled by: Yu.N. Nazarov

See also.

Class: BIRDS (AVES)

Squad:STORKIFORMES (CICONIIFORMES)

Family: HERONS (ARDEIDAE)

View:GREAT WHITE EGRET, EGRETTA ALBA (LINNAEUS, 1758)

WHITE CHAPEL

Description:

A large heron with a very long, thin and steeply curved neck, long legs and a relatively short body (average body length 85-102 cm, weight 1.1-1.5 kg). The wingspan is 140-170 cm. The plumage is snow-white. During the nesting period, there are elongated feathers (aigrettes) on the back, extending somewhat beyond the tail. It is one and a half to two times larger than the little egret; unlike it, it has black fingers and, in non-breeding times, a yellow beak.

Distribution:

The nominative subspecies lives in Belarus, the dispersed breeding range of which covers the southern and central parts of Europe to Central Asia, south to Iran. The largest part of the population is concentrated in the south of Russia, Ukraine, partly in Hungary, Austria and Romania. The northernmost nesting sites have been known since the 1970s and 80s in Latvia and Holland. In Belarus it nests in the south in several local settlements. IN last years flights have become more frequent throughout the republic, right up to the Vitebsk region. in the north, especially at the end of the breeding season - in August-September. The main wintering grounds of European populations are located in northern Africa, Central Asia, as well as in its southwestern and southern parts.

Habitat:

It nests along the banks of reservoirs (including artificial ones), densely overgrown with shrubs and coastal herbaceous vegetation, in island forests among bushy and swampy river floodplains. When feeding and during migration, it is also found in the cultivated landscape, in shallow waters and coastal spits of lakes, rivers, and fish ponds.

Biology:

Breeding migratory species. Arrives at the end of March-April. It nests both in monospecific colonies and together with other herons and great cormorants, less often in separate pairs. It makes nests made of dry reeds or twigs on reed creases or bushes. In the nest there are from 2 to 6 (usually 4-5) oblong, bluish-greenish eggs. Average dimensions 62.7 × 41.7 mm. Incubation, which lasts 25-26 days, begins in the second half of April. After breeding is completed, starting in July, young birds disperse widely (up to 400 km) in all directions. It feeds mainly on fish and aquatic insects.

Number and trend of its change:

From the end of the 19th to the mid-20th century, there was a gradual but steady decline in the number of the species throughout almost the entire European range. At this time, isolated flights of herons to the south of Belarus were noted. After 1965, a reverse process of increasing numbers and expanding the range was observed. Since the 1980s, bird sightings have become more frequent in Belarus, located at the northern limits of the main breeding range. By the beginning of the 1990s, nesting was known from brief descriptions of three cases of finds of single nests or chicks of herons in the Petrikovsky, Luninets and Zhitkovichi districts. Subsequently, starting from 1993, single nests and colonial (from 5 to 40 nests) settlements of great white heron were discovered in Khoiniki, Luninets, Drogichinsky, Pinsk, Berezovsky, Malorita, Zhitkovichi districts. Judging by the increasing number of bird registrations throughout Belarus and the emergence of new colonies, since the late 1980s there has been an increase in the number of species, probably both due to expansion from adjacent territories and due to the growth of the Belarusian bird population. Long-term forecast is difficult due to significant interannual fluctuations in abundance characteristic of the species population as a whole. The total number is estimated at 50-250 breeding pairs.

International relevance:

The species is included in Appendix I of the EU Conservation Directive rare birds, Annex II of the Berne Convention, Annex II of the Bonn Convention.

Main threat factors:

Reduction in area and degradation (drainage, overgrowth, deforestation of floodplain island forests) of natural swampy floodplains. Disturbance at nesting sites.

Security measures:

The species has been listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Belarus since 1981. Conservation of natural floodplain ecosystems of the river. Pripyat. Monitoring and protection of known nesting sites, as well as timely identification and protection of new habitats. Application and encouragement of traditional, without the use of mechanization, methods of haymaking in the floodplain areas of the river. Pripyat to prevent overgrowing (budding) of the floodplain. Reducing the disturbance factor in the area of ​​the colonies during the nesting period.