How to feed tomatoes in early June. Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field and greenhouse - practical experience. Top dressing after planting in the greenhouse

By providing tomatoes with a good and balanced diet during growth and development, you can get a bountiful tomato crop. If the top dressing is applied incorrectly, the tomatoes weaken, are easily susceptible to disease, and yield indicators are lost. Overfeeding plants threatens intensive growth of tops, and the fruits develop poorly, the bushes will be susceptible to late blight.

When feeding a tomato, it is required to take into account the growth phase of the tomato, introducing those elements that the plant needs in this period. Before flowering, tomatoes require nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers, during the flowering period - nitrogen-potassium fertilizers.

On a note!

Top dressing is carried out in a certain order, the chaotic application of fertilizers leads to an excess of one and a lack of another substance.

There is an approximate scheme for introducing nutrients for tomato seedlings (both in open areas and in polycarbonate greenhouses), consisting of six main stages, taking into account the development cycles of tomatoes.

Before planting in the ground

7 - 15 days before planting bushes in the ground (usually in May), nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers are applied to the soil, the recommended dose is 30-40 g / sq.m. If organic fertilizers have already been applied earlier, then adjust the dose depending on what has already been given.

Directly at planting, a small portion of potash fertilizers should be added.

A couple of weeks after landing

After a period of adaptation to new conditions, bushes require not only nitrogen and phosphorus, but also other trace elements for good growth and development:

• potassium;
• calcium;
• magnesium (sulfate or nitrate).

Of the magnesium species, it is preferable to use magnesium nitrate, it already contains nitrogen. In this case, additional nitrogen fertilizer is not needed. If the condition of the seedlings requires earlier feeding, you should not wait 2 weeks - it is better to feed early, and after a while - one more time.

During the period of growth

When entering an active growth cycle, tomatoes also require phosphorus for root development and nitrogen to help plants develop stems and leaves. In this period, no more than two top dressings are carried out.

During flowering

Spend 2 - 3 root dressing with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, aimed at setting berries. With a deficiency of potassium and phosphorus, the flowers are not pollinated, fall off and the yield drops.

From this point on, nitrogen is minimized or canceled (the decision is made by looking at the state of the greenery of the tomato seedlings), so that the plants direct their power to flowering and crop development.

At the stage of fruit set

Phosphorus and potassium are the main nutrition of tomatoes, the number of top dressings for the period: 2 - 3. Nitrogen can be discarded.

There are many complex preparations for use during fruit set, but the safest are organic.

During fruiting

Tomatoes are fed 2-3 times for better fruit taste and quick ripening. Along with phosphorus, the following are required:

• potassium;
• manganese;

With such top dressing, ripened fruits will be fleshy and sweet.

Note!

Boron promotes the formation of ovaries and the growth of berries, stimulates the formation of additional shoots, increases sugar in tomatoes, the yield increases up to 20%.

Two weeks before harvesting, it is necessary to stop feeding the plants.

Extra feeding tomato

The number of top dressings depends on the development of seedlings and the condition of the soil. If the plants look unhealthy, which indicates a lack of nutrients, then an extraordinary procedure for feeding tomatoes should be carried out. It is also not necessary to add to the soil if the seedlings were fed before planting. With good growth rates of plants at any stage, it is not necessary to follow the described scheme, performing exactly all top dressing. With the lush health of the bushes at any of the stages, the next top dressing, indicated in the diagram above, can be skipped.

Top dressing of tomatoes grown in separate containers is carried out according to the described scheme, and, at the request of the plants, they are supplemented with fertilizers out of turn, since the soil in a limited space is quickly depleted.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the greenhouse

For tomatoes growing in a greenhouse, the above scheme must be followed, since in the bulk soil of boxes and greenhouses, the circulation of nutrients is less active than in open ground.

Foliar treatments can be added to the main dressings of the roots. Spraying the leaves with nutrient mixtures can be carried out before the flowering period. The foliar method of top dressing is very effective, tomatoes absorb it almost 100%. Leaf processing strengthens the immunity of the plant, increases the yield of bushes. Spraying is carried out no more than 2 times per season, alternating them with root "feedings". For processing on the leaves, a concentrated solution is not needed, 0.1-0.15% is enough.

The total number of top dressings of greenhouse tomatoes per season (after planting in the ground) can be carried out up to 8 - 10 times. Despite the good absorption of nutrients by the leaves of plants, top dressing is often not necessary, since the tops and stems of tomatoes do not like high humidity. If the bushes did not respond to foliar feeding, then it is better to additionally apply fertilizer. With normal growth and development of tomato seedlings, it is not necessary to fertilize them excessively, this crop should not be overfed, it is better to underfeed.

Having properly prepared the soil before planting, it may be necessary to start fertilizing from the flowering period. The development and condition of the bush will help to orient in the need for its implementation.

How to feed tomato bushes

Tomato seedlings grow well on soil fertilized with tomato tops last fall:

• greens of healthy plants to collect, dry, chop;
• fall asleep in the ground.

There are many inexpensive and affordable means for feeding tomato plantings.

Greenhouse tomatoes need additional nutrition even more than those that grow in open ground. Growing monocultures in a greenhouse depletes the soil. Without regular top dressing, tomatoes will not have enough basic nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K). For normal development, tomatoes need other micro and macro elements. Therefore, each owner of the greenhouse every season has the question of how and with what to feed the tomatoes growing in the greenhouse.

During the season, we should get the harvest volume declared by the manufacturer, and if we're lucky, even more. Without a well-planned feeding scheme, this is unlikely to succeed. Good results are achieved with the right combination of organic and mineral fertilizers, and the obligatory alternation of root and foliar dressings.

The main long-acting mineral fertilizers are applied during the preparation of the soil for planting, their plant will gradually develop as it grows. Usually applied to the soil:

• humus;
• peat;
• biohumus;
• sand;
• ash;
• compost;
• superphosphate;
• potassium nitrate;
• urea (spring).

The rate and combination of ingredients depends on the type of soil and its fertility. The concentration of fertilizers is higher when they are applied to depleted soil. If the soil fertility in the greenhouse is restored annually, then the fertilizer consumption is standard.

Fertilized soil is good, but 2 weeks after transplanting, seedlings will need the first top dressing. It is needed for both healthy plants and weakened ones. Signs of healthy, rooted seedlings:

• stem growth by 8-10 cm;
• the color of the leaves is bright green;
• thick stem.

Such seedlings need a new charge of nutrients for the formation of green mass, the development of the root system, the formation of buds.

Weakened seedlings with signs of a lack of nutrients, overgrown, flowering top dressing after planting in a greenhouse is needed to relieve stress, strengthen immunity, and establish good nutrition.

It is possible that the poor condition of seedlings after transplantation is caused by a disease. In this case, it is necessary not only to feed, but also to cure the plant with the help of chemical, biological preparations or folk methods.

How to properly feed

It is always a pleasure to look at strong tomato seedlings growing very quickly. How to properly feed tomatoes in a greenhouse in order to crush a good result. The assimilation of nutrients is greatly influenced by the temperature of the soil and air. When it is cold outside, it is difficult to maintain a comfortable temperature for tomatoes in unheated spring greenhouses.

The intensity of seedlings' consumption of nutrients from the soil depends on the temperature in the greenhouse. It is important to know at what temperature the tomato root system stops absorbing nutrients from the soil.

Important! To control the temperature regime, the greenhouse must be equipped with thermometers. There must be at least three of them. One should be located near the soil surface, the second - at a height of 1.5 m, the third - under the ceiling.

According to experts, an air temperature of 10 ° C should be considered critical if it is kept in the greenhouse for more than 3 days. Young seedlings cease to absorb the nutrients they need.

The temperature of the soil in the greenhouse is no less important for the proper nutrition of young plants. The lower comfort limit is 13°C, the upper comfort limit is 25°C. It is optimal if there are no sharp differences between day and night temperatures.

The question of when to fertilize can be understood in two ways. Some ask it, implying what time of day it is necessary to apply fertilizers, others - the phase of crop development. Both points are important. A suitable time of day for fertilizing (root, foliar) is morning or evening, when the sun has not yet set, but is already setting.

After top dressing, the greenhouse should stand open until sunset so that condensation does not form on the leaves, the air humidity in the root zone remains within the required limits (75-80%). In cloudy weather, foliar top dressing can be carried out at any time.

The main phases of development when tomatoes in a greenhouse need top dressing:

• the first root - after transplantation, when the seedlings took root and began to grow;
• the second - under the root exactly two weeks after the first;
• the third root - a week after the second;
• the final - during the period of active fruit formation.

The application of fertilizers in liquid form under the root must be combined with spraying the bushes with various mixtures. Foliar top dressing during the flowering period is especially effective, they improve the process of pollination and the formation of ovaries.

In August, sharp diurnal temperature fluctuations begin. They contribute to the intensive reproduction of fungi, tomatoes at this time are especially susceptible to fungal diseases. Foliar top dressing helps to strengthen the immune system; for prevention, they need to be carried out at least 2-3 times a month.

How to feed tomatoes to be plump

The stronger the tomato bush, the more likely it is to get a good harvest. In order for the tomato shoots to be thick, you need to properly organize the food. Experienced vegetable growers prefer to alternate natural (organic) dressings with the introduction of special chemicals containing a certain set of macro- and microelements.

Complex fertilizer

For the first time, complex mineral fertilizers should be applied to the greenhouse soil at the stage of its preparation for planting seedlings. You can add Master NPK-17.6.8 fertilizer to the hole. This preparation contains the correct proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which perform the main functions in the period after transplanting seedlings into the ground:

• restore the right balance of nutrients in the soil;
• increase the stress resistance of tomatoes;
• promote root development;
• stimulate the growth of shoots and leaves.

Important! Fertilizer Master can be used throughout the growing season of tomatoes.

Fertilizer consumption Master per 1 sq. m is 100-150 g, the amount depends on the fertility and composition of the soil.

Under the name Crystalon, they produce water-soluble complex mineral fertilizers for various vegetables, including tomatoes. When preparing the soil for planting, special Crystalon is used. It has an equal combination of NPK - 18:18:18.

During flowering, the formation of ovaries and fruiting, Kristalon universal is used. These complex fertilizers contain all the nutrients necessary for tomatoes and perfectly replace classic fertilizers: manure, urea, both during soil preparation and in subsequent development phases.

An easy-to-use complex fertilizer is used by many tomato lovers. Preparing the solution is easy. In a bucket of water you need to dissolve 1 tbsp. l of powder. Top dressing with this fertilizer can be combined with weekly watering of tomatoes in the greenhouse. The composition contains everything you need for normal growth and fruiting of a tomato.

Folk remedies without chemicals

The presence of complex mineral fertilizers in the network of gardening stores does not reduce the number of vegetable growers who use only folk methods when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Many folk recipes help reanimate plants when they are under stress from a sharp deterioration in the weather (cold snap, drought, heat). Foliar fertilization is more suitable for emergency assistance.

A list of useful properties for those who still doubt the benefits of iodine for tomatoes:

• plants treated with iodine solution absorb soil nitrogen faster;
• under the influence of the drug, shoots and leaves give a good increase in a short time;
• more fruits are tied, flowering is more active;
• the taste of fruits improves, they ripen faster;
• iodine strengthens the immune system.

During the season, tomatoes in the greenhouse are fed with iodine no more than 3 times. Consumption is minimal - 1 drop per 3 liters of water. When watering under the root, the consumption is 1 liter per bush. You can spray the bushes with the same solution.

Gardeners use ash from everything:

• fight pests;
• protect tomatoes from infection;
• make up for nutritional deficiencies.

Especially effective is the use of ash infusion in spring in unheated greenhouses. Our weather is unstable. Cold snaps usually occur just after transplanting seedlings into a greenhouse. Plants do not absorb potassium well from cold soil, in order to make up for its deficiency, we prepare an ash infusion using the express method.

From the equipment you need a container with a volume of 100-150 liters filled with water. The consumption of wood ash sifted through a fine sieve is ½ liter jar per 10 liters of water. Pour the ash into the barrel and stir well. It is better to take rain water, if there is chlorine in tap water, then it must be defended first.

The prepared solution can be used immediately. Under each root it is necessary to pour 0.5 liters. The effect of using this natural fertilizer can be seen after a few days. Seedlings take root faster and grow. Ash infusion is ideal for the first feeding of a tomato in a greenhouse.

Every housewife has a pack of dry yeast. From them you can make an excellent fertilizer for tomatoes growing in a greenhouse. It is convenient to prepare yeast tincture in a 5 liter plastic bottle. You will need warm water, sugar and yeast. Yeast is enough for 1 pack, 3 liters of water, 10 tablespoons of sugar without a slide.

Everything needs to be poured, poured into the prepared bottle, corked and put away in a dark room, where it should stand for at least 4 hours. You can fill the bottle in the morning, then by the evening the fertilizer will definitely be ready.

The resulting solution has a high concentration, it must be diluted with water in the ratio: 3 liters of mash for 7 liters of water. Top dressing with yeast is combined with planned watering. Spend on one plant 1 liter of the working mixture.

The frequency of root dressings is 1 in 2 weeks. Foliar treatments are carried out with the same solution once every 14 days. They are needed to protect against pathogenic fungi. Yeast can be used to feed tomatoes in a greenhouse throughout the growing season.

Yeast talker - the best plant food: video

Nettle contains a lot of nitrogen in its composition. You can use its infusion until mid-summer, then tomatoes do not need nitrogen in such quantities. After transplanting tomato seedlings into a greenhouse, nettle infusion is a very good option for the first feeding.

You will need a large 15 liter bucket. We do not fill it completely with water. 70% of the volume should be chopped nettles. In addition, pour a liter jar of old jam into the bucket.

For quick preparation of a useful solution, you will need the well-known Baikal EM tool. It needs only 0.5 liters. The bucket must be sealed tightly. Mix the solution at least 2 times a day. A week will pass and you will have cheap homemade fertilizer containing nitrogen and beneficial bacteria.

The smell from this fertilizer is vigorous. If the barrel is placed in a greenhouse, the flowering will be more active, the fruits will be better tied. This type of fertilizer should be used before flowering.

Nettle green fertilizer: video

Chicken manure contains more nitrogen than cow manure. Now you do not need to have chickens to get chicken manure, you need to go to the gardening store and purchase a bag of chicken manure in pellets.

It is necessary to dilute the granules in water, using the recommendations indicated on the package. The concentrate is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 before use. Tomatoes must be watered before root dressing with chicken manure.

The goal of any gardener when growing tomatoes is to obtain a high yield of varietal fruits with excellent taste and commercial qualities.

The desired result can only be achieved if balanced fertilizing is applied to the soil in a timely manner.

For growth and development, maintaining a healthy state and, as a result, high yields, this crop needs good nutrition.

Any plant, including a tomato, consumes nutrients in different quantities at different stages of development. For example, an actively growing tomato needs an increased amount of nitrogen, and in the budding and fruiting phase it needs a constant supply of potassium.

Only with accurate knowledge of the needs of the culture in a certain period of development, it is possible to draw up a balanced top dressing, which will not harm the bushes, but, on the contrary, will provide them with the necessary nutrition.

All top dressing of tomatoes should be carried out in a strictly defined order.

Randomly introducing one or another substance under the bushes can provoke its excess or deficiency.

As a result of improper feeding, tomatoes weaken and are easily affected by pests and diseases, the crop (if any) loses its varietal characteristics - even the largest-fruited hybrids can produce small unsightly tomatoes.

How many times per season do you need to feed?

Since orderliness when applying fertilizers is very important, there is a special scheme for feeding tomatoes. In the general case, it represents five main stages, inextricably linked with the stages of development of tomatoes.

When landing in the ground

By the time the tomatoes are planted, the seat must be prepared and seasoned with organic and mineral fertilizers. It is impossible to achieve high yields of this crop on poor and depleted lands.

For good survival and further development of tomatoes, the NKP complex - nitrogen-, potassium- and phosphorus-containing fertilizers - should be introduced into the soil. If the enrichment of the soil composition is neglected, seedlings will develop slowly, may begin to hurt, and produce low yields.

Two weeks after planting

During this period, young tomato bushes that have already adapted to new conditions need increased nutrition for growth and development. They need a balanced diet containing three main elements: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as trace elements. Some gardeners fertilize earlier - already 1 - 1.5 weeks after planting.

During the period of growth

During a period of active growth tomato bushes need fertilizing with nitrogen and phosphorus.

The interaction of these two elements ensures the proper development of tomatoes.

The supply of phosphorus in the required volume stimulates the accelerated development of the root system, and a sufficient amount of nitrogen in the soil helps the bushes gain green mass in a short time.

During flowering

Tomato bushes begin to bloom approximately 1.5 - 2 months after planting seedlings in open ground, and in greenhouse conditions these dates come a little earlier.

Almost all top dressing of tomatoes during flowering is aimed at fruit set.. In case of a deficiency of potassium and phosphorus nutrition, flowers can fall off the bushes without having time to be pollinated. As a result, the yield of tomatoes will drop sharply.

During fruit set

At this time, plants especially need potassium and phosphorus, but fertilizers with a high nitrogen content should be discarded. There are many complex preparations that can be used during this period, but organic supplements remain the safest.

During the fruiting period

The last main dressing of tomatoes is carried out to improve the taste of fruits and their accelerated ripening. The main necessary elements for fertilizing already fruiting bushes are potassium, boron, manganese, iodine..

When fed this way, the flesh of the ripe fruit will be fleshy and sweet due to the accumulation of sugars. If we neglect this stage of the scheme, then the taste of the collected fruits can be expressed dimly. A couple of weeks before harvesting, all top dressing should be stopped.

Gradual fertilization table

This calendar will help you find the answer to the question after how many days you can feed tomatoes in the open field and in a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Extra feeding

Above was an approximate scheme for feeding tomatoes, in practice, the number of stages may vary if necessary. Everything will depend on the condition of the soil and the development of the bushes.

If the condition of the plants is deteriorated (leaves, stems and other parts of the plant do not look healthy, become stained, deformed or dry out), then this may indicate a lack of a particular element.

To improve the health of the bushes, it is necessary to introduce the missing nutrition into the soil - to carry out an extraordinary feeding of the plants.

Is it necessary to fertilize tomatoes strictly according to the schedule?

Since the above scheme for feeding tomatoes is considered general, in specific cases it can vary significantly. For example, if the seats for the crop were properly fertilized in advance, then when planting seedlings, nothing is added to the soil, but simply spilled. They also act if the seedlings were fed before planting.

If tomatoes grow well and are full of health at one stage or another of development, then some points of the scheme can be omitted. If the tomatoes experience a lack of one or another substance in the soil, then they will definitely show it.

Tomatoes grown in separate containers must be fed according to the scheme and possibly add fertilizer out of turn. Since the land in a limited amount quickly becomes poorer, it is necessary to constantly replenish its nutritional composition by introducing certain elements.

Many gardeners prefer to use inexpensive and affordable products as top dressings. For example, ammonia is used in different ways: for, and.

How often to feed in the greenhouse?

The main stages of the scheme for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse are no different.

Considering that the amount of soil in bulk beds and boxes of greenhouse structures is limited, and such circulation of substances as in open ground does not occur, the scheme can be expanded by adding a number of foliar top dressings to the main (root) ones.

The latter represent the treatment of the aerial part of the bush by spraying with a nutrient mixture. Summing up root and foliar top dressing, greenhouse tomatoes are fed up to 10 times per season. In this case, it is important to alternate these types of top dressing with each other.

Despite the fact that when spraying fertilizer on the aerial part of the bush, it is absorbed faster, it is not recommended to get carried away with spraying tomatoes too much - tomatoes react negatively to high humidity of leaves, stems and fruits.

Depending on the reaction of tomatoes to the introduction of one or another top dressing in a certain phase of development, its effectiveness can be assessed. If this indicator of the summer resident does not satisfy, then additional addition of fertilizers is recommended.

Thus, the number of top dressings at some stages of the scheme can increase and in total reach up to 8-10 times during the post-planting season. With a good and rapid development of tomato bushes, excessive fertilizers should not be applied - this crop is one of those that are better underfed than overfed.

In such cases, the number of stages of the feeding scheme is reduced to 1 - 2. Most gardeners, with proper preparation of the soil for planting, begin to carry out any manipulations on feeding tomatoes only during flowering and fruiting. When drawing up a specific fertilizer application schedule for tomatoes, one should be guided primarily by the stage of development and their condition.

Useful video

The opinion of another gardener on the stages of feeding tomatoes is in the next video.

Every gardener wants to grow a rich tomato crop in his backyard. But if you do not know the important points of care, including how to properly feed during flowering, you may not wait for the long-awaited harvest.

To get a rich harvest, as well as to set new inflorescences, a flowering tomato bush needs: nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

The lack of these nutrients can be determined by the appearance of the plant:

1. Lack of nitrogen - the leaves begin to turn yellow from below, gradually rising up.
2. Lack of phosphorus - the foliage becomes purple, at a stable moderate temperature.
3. Potassium depletion - lack of potassium manifests itself in discoloration of the leaves, if the plant is not fertilized, the leaves become brown and dry.

If the plant is not fertilized during flowering and during the formation of fruits, the tomatoes will grow sour with an unripe core.

If tomatoes are not fertilized during flowering, they will grow with an immature core.

Top dressing of tomatoes during the flowering period

Top dressing of flowering tomatoes plays an important role in the formation of ovaries both in greenhouse and outdoor cultivation, which in the future leads to the ripening of a large number of fruits. Too much fertilizer is just as bad for the plant as too little..

As a top dressing for tomatoes, you can use:

• Mineral fertilizers
• organic top dressing

Also used are two application method:

• Foliar
• Root

mineral

Nowadays, eyes run up from a large amount of mineral fertilizers. But not everyone knows what to feed during the flowering period of tomatoes or to speed it up.

Tomatoes will not develop well if the soil is poor in phosphorus and potassium.. As phosphorus and potash fertilizers, you can apply:

• Potassium chloride and sulfate

Before applying fertilizers, you must carefully read the instructions for use.

You can also use phosphorus-potassium fertilizers: potassium monophosphate. Method of preparation: dilute 15 grams of the substance in 10 liters of water. This amount can shed 1 sq. meter of tomato ridge.

Too much nitrogen adversely affects flowering tomatoes. Nitrogen contributes to a large increase in green mass, which leads to a redistribution of nutrients from the forming fruits to the emerging stepchildren.

In order to enrich the soil with nitrogen, complex fertilizers can be added to it. They are good because all the necessary substances that vegetables need are in equal proportions.

Complex fertilizers for flowering tomatoes:

• Kemira
• station wagon
• Mortar
• Effecton
• Signor tomato

When applying mineral fertilizers, it must be remembered that:

• Nitrogen content should be less than potassium and phosphorus
• Fertilizers must contain: iron, calcium, boron, zinc, sulfur and magnesium
• Chlorine and its components should not be included in the composition

Top dressing with organic matter

Organic fertilizers can be purchased at the store, or you can make your own.

Nowadays, most gardeners refuse to feed tomatoes with mineral fertilizers and give preference to organic. Since organic not only nourishes the plant, but also protects it from numerous diseases.

Humates not only nourish, but also improve the structure of the soil. With the annual application of this preparation, tomatoes will bear fruit well. even in the poorest land.

Yeast

yeast fertilizer increases plant growth and development, and therefore it is so necessary for flowering tomatoes.

Cooking method:

• Dilute 100 grams of fresh yeast in a liter of warm water. Bring the solution to a volume of 10 liters, after the formation of yeast foam. This amount is enough to fertilize 15 bushes.
• 10 grams of dry yeast per bucket of water. Let it brew for 2 days. Dilute the resulting solution in a ratio of 1:10.

Together with yeast top dressing, add to the ground wood ash.

Ash

To feed the tomatoes, you can use wood, straw, or peat ash. It contains a lot of: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, a flowering plant cannot do without them.

Mode of application:

1. Once every 7 days, a tablespoon of ash is poured under a tomato bush
2. With a solution of ash, plants are watered 2 times a month (100 grams of ash is diluted in 10 liters of water). One bush should receive half a liter of solution.

Iodine

When using iodine solution, the number of ovaries increases, and the fruits ripen much faster.

Cooking method:

Dilute 3 drops of iodine in a bucket of water.

vegetable fertilizer

- a good choice for feeding flowering tomatoes.

Method of preparation for a 200 liter barrel:

1. 5 buckets of weed grass (it is better to take nettles)
2. 10 liters of mullein
3. Kilogram of fresh yeast
4. Kilogram of ash
5. 3 liters of milk or whey

barrel contents leave for 14 days to infuse. Water under each bush for a liter of infusion.

foliar top dressing

Foliar top dressing is necessary for flowering tomatoes under adverse conditions.

Ash

Cooking method:

In a three-liter jar, dilute 300 grams of sifted ash. The resulting solution must be boiled for half an hour and dissolved in a bucket of water. Grated laundry soap is added to the finished solution and left to infuse for a day.

When sprayed with this solution, the result appears right before your eyes. The buds begin to bloom, and the appearance of the tomatoes improves.

Iodine

30 drops of iodine are added to a liter of milk. Everything is thoroughly mixed, add Art. a spoonful of hydrogen peroxide and bring to 9 liters of water.

This top dressing will not only give the tomatoes the necessary nutrition, but also protect the plant from disease.

Boric acid is used when the air temperature is kept within +30 degrees. At high temperatures, the plant flowers but does not produce fruit.

10 grams of powder is diluted in a glass of hot water, stirred until completely dissolved. The finished solution is added to a bucket of water.

Spray tomatoes with this solution during flowering, once a week.

Favorable days for feeding tomatoes

Feeding is carried out:

1. After transplanting seedlings to a permanent place
2. Normally developing tomatoes are fed - 3-4 times per season
3. Tomatoes that are stunted - 5-7 times
4. Non-developing tomatoes - once every 10 days

Top dressing is applied to well-spilled soil, in the morning or evening hours.

For flowering tomatoes, there are a lot of top dressings. Which solution or preparation to use, it is up to everyone to decide for themselves. Proper and timely application of fertilizers affects the quality and quantity of the crop.

Tomatoes are one of the most beloved crops by gardeners. This is an annual plant belonging to the Solanaceae genus. You can grow them in open ground, but the best option is a greenhouse and film shelters. To obtain a high yield, regular top dressing and good lighting are required. However, not all gardeners know how to feed tomatoes, and in what period it needs to be done for the full growth and development of tomatoes.

Fertilizers for open ground and greenhouses

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field, namely when transplanting seedlings, is an important point that many gardeners miss and suffer from the resulting poor-quality crop. Initially, you need to treat the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate to disinfect it. The answer to the question of how to feed tomatoes when planting in the ground is ordinary saltpeter. It is brought directly into the hole for 1 tbsp. spoon. This procedure is carried out in order to also facilitate the engraftment of seedlings.

Advice. Also, a complex of fertilizers can be added to the hole: superphosphate, ash and compost. Organic fertilizers are applied in a glass, superphosphate 20 g.

When planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, it is also desirable to feed them. How to feed tomatoes in this case and what to use for this? Here you can use ordinary dry yeast. The tool is prepared as follows: for 3 bags of yeast, 2 tbsp. a spoonful of granulated sugar, 0.2 kg of ash and 1 liter of liquid mullein. All components are dissolved in 1 bucket of water. The infusion is concentrated, so it must be diluted (1 liter per 10 liters of water).

Tomatoes

Further feeding of tomatoes

The first top dressing is needed as soon as the tomatoes are planted. How to fertilize tomatoes during this period? Top dressings are root and foliar. Most often, gardeners use the first type, completely forgetting about the second, considering them useless. And completely in vain, since they have a better effect on the growth of tomatoes and fruiting.

Foliar top dressing of tomatoes is extremely useful. The fertilizer falls directly on the leaf, is absorbed by it, and the plant receives additional nutrition much faster than if you apply top dressing at the root. But the benefits of root dressings are also obvious, the main thing is to produce them on time and use suitable means.

foliar top dressing

The first dressing of tomatoes is done 10 days after picking. For further fertilization, the instruction is as follows: feed 1 time in 10 days. Under this regime, the plants will be resistant to diseases, easily resist pests, and the yield will be greater.

First dressing

During the period of seedling growth, special ready-made dressings are most often used. For example, it can be Zdraven for seedlings of tomatoes and peppers or universal. Breeding is recommended in accordance with the instructions.

After the tomatoes are planted in a permanent place, the type of fertilizer changes. It depends on the fertility of the soil. If it is poor in nutrients, then organic and mineral fertilizers should be applied.

From organic matter, an infusion of mullein or bird droppings is recommended. Sprinkling the earth with ash with the next watering also has a positive effect. You can make an infusion of grass, let it ferment and use it as a top dressing.

From mineral fertilizers with poorly fertile soil, nitrophoska and other complex fertilizers are suitable, if the soil is fertile, then potassium sulfate or potassium magnesia. The consumption of all these types of fertilizers is 1 tbsp. spoon for 1 bucket of water. Watering is carried out under the root.

Second top dressing

The second feeding coincides with the flowering period of the second brush and the beginning of the formation of ovaries on it. How to feed tomatoes during this period?

During the second feeding, a whole complex of organic and mineral fertilizers is used. Prepare the following composition:

• 10 l of mullein solution (can be replaced with a solution of chicken manure);
• 1 st. a spoonful of any mineral fertilizer;
• 3 g of copper sulfate;
• 5 g of potassium permanganate.

The resulting solution needs to feed the tomatoes at the root. The consumption of the solution is:

• undersized tomatoes - 1 l;
• determinant tomatoes - 1.5 l;
• tall tomatoes - 2 l.

You can also make top dressing that promotes the formation of ovaries. For these purposes, superphosphate has proven itself well (1 teaspoon per 5 liters of hot water, mix and cool). The solution is intended for root top dressing.

Tomatoes during this period are also very responsive to foliar feeding, when 1 g of boric acid and magnesium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water. Plants are sprayed with the solution.

The simplest and most affordable fertilizer during this period is ordinary ash, which is scattered on the soil surface. You can also prepare an infusion (10 teaspoons of ash per 10 liters of water, leave for 7 days). Such top dressing, applied with watering, accelerates the growth of fruits.

Important! The introduction of boric acid is necessary if its deficiency is observed. You can notice by the appearance of the plant: the growth of the bush slows down, the ovaries form poorly, and the fruits have an irregular shape.

Third top dressing

The third feeding coincides with the period of active fruiting. They use the same composition as for the second top dressing, but it is imperative to pay attention to the appearance of the tomatoes. If there are few fruits, and there is a lot of green mass, then the nitrogen part is excluded from the composition of the fertilizer or simply fertilizing with ash.

Foliar top dressing for diseased tomatoes

What fertilizers are needed for foliar top dressing if the plants do not feel very comfortable in the open field?

If there is a slowdown in the growth of tomatoes, pallor of the leaves and weakness of the stem, then urea is used. To do this, 1 teaspoon of fertilizer is diluted in 10 liters of water and sprayed.

Important! Top dressing is also good because it is suitable for processing from pests and diseases.

When flowers fall, boric acid is used (1 teaspoon per 10 liters of water), and calcium nitrate will help out in low light (15 g per 10 liters of water).

Boric acid

If the plant looks weak, depleted, then after nitrogen top dressing, foliar top dressing is carried out with urea and calcium nitrate (10 g of urea and 15 g of nitrate per 10 liters of water).

The best fertilizers for tomatoes

As indispensable helpers in growing tomatoes, many gardeners note the following fertilizers.

Borofoska

This tool is used in rainy weather, when nutrients are washed out of the soil, on sandy soils, and also if crops that absorb large amounts of phosphorus and potassium were previously grown at the planting site of tomatoes. It is allowed to use as top dressing throughout the summer. Allows tomatoes to make up for the deficiency of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. The benefits are obvious: the yield increases by 20%, the fruits become larger, flowering is longer. At the same time, the soil retains a supply of nutrients for the next season.

For your information! Borofoska (application specifically for tomatoes) is the most common fertilizer among gardeners.

Ammophoska

Universal fertilizer that can be used everywhere. It contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur. It is especially necessary to make it on sandy, clay and marshy soils.

Important! Together with ammofoska, organic fertilizers can also be used, from which the result will only improve.

Ammophoska as a fertilizer (application for tomatoes, peppers and cabbage) is justified at various times. So, when the question arises of how to fertilize tomatoes when planting in the ground, you can safely answer, Ammophoska. It helps plants to better transfer the transplant. Since it contains potassium, it can be safely applied during the periods of flowering and fruit set, because it is at this time that tomatoes need potassium fertilizers.

Ammophoska

Fertik

For infertile soils, you can buy a Fertik. This is a relatively young drug that is produced on the territory of the Russian Federation, but Finnish raw materials are used. The product is available in small granules of pale red color and in the form of a concentrated solution. The fertik is dissolved in the required volume of water, according to the instructions, and top dressing is carried out at the root. You can also apply from autumn.

Zircon

The Zircon preparation is very important when growing tomatoes. But it is not only a root former, in connection with which it is used as a fertilizer for tomatoes during transplantation, but also increases resistance to diseases and is a growth regulator. Good for seed germination.

baby

The Malyshok preparation is recommended to fertilize the soil both for seedlings and for an already adult plant. It contains all the elements needed for good nightshade growth. Its use has a positive effect on the growth and root formation of the plant, rapid fruiting and helps tomatoes adapt to stressful conditions.

Baikal

Do not lose sight of biofertilizers, one of which is Baikal. In practice, it has been proven that when growing tomatoes using this preparation, you can get a rich harvest (from one bush up to 150 kg). In order to achieve such success in your area, you need to act strictly according to the scheme:

1. A container without a bottom is made from a barrel or boards for planting tomatoes with a volume of about 1 m².
2. Holes are drilled along the perimeter of the container for oxygen access.
3. A 10-centimeter layer of urgasy is laid out at the very bottom.
4. On it is the same layer of soil mixture, which consists of turf, Baikal biofertilizer, ordinary earth and EM compost, taken in equal proportions.
5. At the beginning of May, 1 tomato seedling is planted under a film shelter in a prepared container.
6. The lower leaves are cut off and, after drying, another 10-centimeter layer of soil mixture is added.
7. This procedure is carried out as the plants grow until the container is completely filled.

What will the gardener get from growing tomatoes in this way:

• the bushes will have a very powerful root system;
• such a plant does not need to cut off stepchildren, so a real giant grows - a whole tomato tree;
• the first collection will be a little late, not earlier than mid-July, but the fruiting will be long (until mid-October), since such bushes are resistant to cold snaps.

Folk remedies

Not only mineral fertilizers for tomatoes are used in household plots. Folk natural dressings are very popular. They contribute to proper development and long-term fruiting.

Iodine

Ordinary medical iodine is widely used for growing tomatoes. It promotes faster ripening of fruits.

Important! Iodine is a prophylactic against late blight, which causes great harm to tomatoes.

It can be used both indoors and outdoors. As soon as the landing is made on a permanent place, 2 weeks after the first dressing of the seedlings is carried out. In the future, it can be carried out every 2 weeks. In 1 bucket of water, dissolve 4 drops of a medical preparation and water the plant under the root. For 1 plant, up to 2 liters of solution will be required.

Nettle

Top dressing of tomatoes in open ground is very important. Nettle infusion is well suited for this. It contains many nutrients: potassium, magnesium and calcium.

To make it, you need young nettles before they bloom. The greens are put in a bucket, compacted and filled with water. In this form, it should stand for 2-3 weeks. The container can be placed in the sun to speed up fermentation. Every 2-3 days the infusion should be stirred.

Such top dressing can be used weekly, after its introduction, mandatory watering is required. If you do not like the smell of nettle fermentation, then you can add valerian root to the container with the solution.

Nettle as a fertilizer

Tomato diseases and their prevention

In the process of caring for tomatoes, you need to not only think about how to feed the tomatoes, but also how to protect them from diseases and pests.

Tomatoes are most susceptible to such diseases:

• mosaic;
• late blight;
• top rot;
• leaf curl.

This list can be continued for a very long time. The main thing to understand is that the plant hurts less, proper care is very important. And in order to prevent the development of diseases, it is important to detect the first signs in a timely manner and either begin treatment or destroy diseased bushes.

Disease prevention also plays an important role. For these purposes, copper oxychloride, homa, are suitable, which are diluted as a solution of the required concentration and sprayed on plants. You can combine this procedure with foliar feeding. It is an effective tool for combating late blight, spotted rot and macrosporiosis - the main diseases of tomatoes.

Which of the above means - a special one ready from a store or a folk one - to choose, each gardener decides for himself. Some are sure that they have not yet come up with anything better than complex ones and give preference to them, others do not want to water the garden with “chemistry”, therefore, according to the old-fashioned method, they use ash and chicken droppings. Both have pros and cons, which must be weighed before applying under the root or spraying the bush.