What is swinging a pendulum. Dark night. Practical exercises “pendulum”

I propose a thought experiment. Imagine a table with a musical metronome on it. Before us is a fulcrum and a certain lever moving in one-plane space relative to the central axis. Quite rightly, this periodically moving structure can be called a "pendulum".

Further, suppose that this table with a "pendulum" is in the cabin of a liner making a transatlantic passage. Now our pendulum has a more complex trajectory. Move on. Atlantic Ocean, by cat

Oromu the liner floats, is located on the planet Earth, rotating around its axis and rushing around the Sun at cosmic speed. What is the dynamics of our pendulum now? It seems that now it is much more difficult to describe it, and even more

it's not easy to put in either. I cited all this long introduction in order to recall the dynamics of the world around us, which, when analyzed, can be decomposed into a simple pendulum. Simple, but not simple.

There is no statics in our world, everything is in motion, starting from our Universe and ending with the vibrations of molecules in living and inanimate matter.

This principle of movement is clearly demonstrated by the Foucault pendulum, with the help of which the daily rotation of the Earth was recorded. The plane of its oscillations slowly rotates relative to the earth's surface in the direction opposite to the direction of the Earth's rotation.

The word “pendulum” was coined by M. Lomonosov (the same one), having formed it from the Russian “pendulum”. Before that, in Europe, the pendulum was called the perpendicular.

“A pendulum is a rigid body that, under the action of applied forces, oscillates around a fixed point or around an axis,” the Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary tells us.

The oscillations of the pendulum form waves. And they, in turn, superimposed on the translational-rotational movements of the Earth, turn into spirals - the ideal trajectories of the movement of any body.

What pendulums do we know? Named above, metronome, spring pendulum, Foucault's pendulum, Newton's pendulum... but in fact there are countless of them. You may have heard about the "pendulums" of the legendary SMERSH. This topic is controversial, but in short the essence of such pendulums is to work with the body, which allows you to get away from someone else's shot in the "pendulum" on reflex automatism. These are somersaults, changing levels at a certain pace and rhythm. For its rhythm, this tactic was called the “pendulum”.

So, A pendulum is a system that can oscillate around a position of equilibrium.. Let's try to project this definition onto a person. To do this, I will give a few key provisions from biomechanics.

The human body is a biomechanical chain, where the joints are inertial nodes, and the bones of the limbs and spine are the links of this chain.

The division of the human body into links allows us to represent these links as mechanical levers and pendulums, since all these links have connection points that can be considered either as fulcrum points (for a lever) or as plumb points (for a pendulum).

Since the human body performs its movements in three-dimensional space, its links are characterized by degrees of freedom, i.e. the ability to perform translational and rotational movements in all dimensions. If the link is fixed at one point and is capable of performing rotational movements, then we can say that it has three degrees of freedom.

Since the arms and legs of a person can make oscillatory movements, the same formulas apply to the mechanics of their movement as for simple mechanical pendulums. The main conclusions from them are that the natural oscillation frequency does not depend on the mass of the oscillating body, but depends on its length (as the length increases, the oscillation frequency decreases). Example: To maintain the same walking speed, a shorter person needs to increase their cadence compared to a taller person.

Now talk about such a thing as balance. So, the balance of the human body is the ability to maintain such a spatial relationship of the articular elements of the musculoskeletal system, in which with minimal energy consumption the balance of the musculoskeletal system in a vertical position is maintained.

The 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae provide balance to the musculoskeletal system, they are also the main vertebrae of gravity, the place of the reverse pendulum movement. There is a so-called inverted pendulum in the human body, that is, a pendulum with a center of mass above its fulcrum, fixed at the end of a rigid rod. So this vertebra is the pendulum, with balance on the talus (bone of the foot).

In addition to the pendulums of the musculoskeletal system, each person also has his own inner pendulum. This is not some esoteric concept, but a very real mechanism inherent in any living being. The rhythm of the heartbeat, the pulsation of the blood, your daily biological rhythm, the pendulum of tone and the pendulum of mood - all these are pendulums. Moreover, the frequency of each of them is individual. An example of an internal rhythm is walking or running. Try to relax completely, take a few breaths and start an easy run, gradually increasing the pace until you enter your rhythm, while running becomes not easy, and not hard. You are, as it were, on the verge of pleasure, maintaining the dynamic balance of your body. This means that the frequency of your steps has approached the resonant (i.e., the natural frequency of oscillation of the arm or leg), while achieving a minimum energy consumption of the body. Thus, by catching his rhythm, a person can significantly increase his working capacity.

But in order to better feel your inner pendulum, I suggest starting with slow static balance exercises.

The task of the “Pendulum” exercise is to feel how a relaxed body, with a slight deviation, returns to its original position without the participation of our will, and due to inertia, gives a swing in the opposite direction. This dynamic state of antagonist muscles (opposite muscle, for example, extensor to flexor muscle), where F flexor = F extensor, is called the optimal physiological position and uses only up to 30% of our energy in any activity. Here it is necessary to introduce the principle of alertness, that is, relaxed flexibility or intuitive correctness of movements. This principle ensures the inclusion of the energy of the right hemisphere of the brain, which is responsible for imaginative thinking and the subconscious.

PRACTICAL EXERCISES “PENDULUM”

The exercises of the “Pendulum” group include the main varieties connecting them: “Large pendulums”, two versions of the pendulum “Clock”, “Knapsack”, “Spring” and “Inner pendulum” - “Pendulums” can be performed individually and in pairs. At the beginning of the study, it is preferable to work in pairs. The most important thing is to learn to distinguish between when you use volitional effort to move, and when the process is carried out due to internal flexibility, that is, the interaction of internal tensions. If you work correctly, then you will immediately feel a feeling of comfort in the body, the movements will be pleasant to you.

It is very important before each movement to first perform it mentally, imagine the image of the movement, feel the pleasure of performing the movement, its rhythm. This practice is called ideomotor. The term itself consists of two parts: “ideo” (mental) and “motor” (movement), that is, literally - “mental movement”. An ideomotor act is an involuntary movement that occurs during the mental performance of a motor action. For all its simplicity and seeming absurdity, the technique gives phenomenal results.

A simple example of ideomotorics is to hold any pendulum tied to a string with your outstretched hand. The hand must be motionless, therefore the pendulum will also be motionless. But we just need to imagine that the pendulum will now begin to move clockwise and after a short period this will happen, while the hand remains motionless. This is due to the fact that ideomotor movements are invisible to the inexperienced eye. Thus, ideomotor trainings, supplementing the usual ones, to a large extent contribute to the achievement of the ideality of movements (hit, escape, reaction speed, dexterity, technicality, etc.).

Exercise "Clock"

There are two options: "Metronome" and "Scarecrow"

Method for performing the exercise "Metronome"

Stand up straight, feet shoulder-width apart, feet parallel, hands down, “Suspension” state. Mentally imagine that the Earth is at the level of the hip joints. The fulcrum of the pendulum is the pelvis. Short breath, deviate the upper body to the right, very slightly. We are trying to feel the internal tension that has arisen from the opposite side. Using this tension, we release the body to roll to the left. In the same way, we carry out, without pauses, subsequent oscillations. The stimulus for free pendulum movements should be only breathing. Inhale - to the right, exhale - to the left, or vice versa, as desired. This principle of operation is valid for all types of "pendulums".

The paired version of this exercise is called Roly-Vstanka. The partner produces a slight push in the shoulder, in the direction of the given movement (left-right or back-and-forth). When the “pendulum” is attenuated, we also carry out a push, supporting the vibrations of the partner.

The method of performing the exercise "SCARECROW"

The direction of movement of the "pendulum" changes: oscillations are carried out around the central axis.

The paired version of the exercise is called the "grinding wheel". The partner pushes the shoulder in an anterior-posterior direction, launching the “pendulum” of the assistant. This exercise from the "pendulum" is the easiest to master.

Exercise "Big Pendulum"

This exercise is performed left and right and back and forth.

Execution Method

Stand up straight, feet almost together, arms freely lowered. The fulcrum of the "pendulum" coincides with the natural support of the body - the earth and is located in the middle, between the feet. Rocking is carried out whole, with the whole body. Use the image of the "big shoulder" of the frame structure. Stimulation of oscillations is also carried out by breathing.

The combined version of the "Big Pendulum" - "Mortar". This exercise connects the previous two. The body will draw a three-dimensional cone in space, where the top of the cone is the point between the feet, and the base - an ellipse - is formed by the trajectory of the head and shoulders. The movements are carried out clockwise and counterclockwise. Ideomotorically, I would like you to be able to create in yourself the sensation of the rope turning. The feeling that you are not spinning it, but it is spinning you. Little addition. In the Stupka, pay special attention to the tables. If they work properly, they should "come to life".

Exercise "Kotomka"

The exercise is performed individually and in pairs (the latter is preferable), in three versions: right-left, forward-backward and the combined version of the "Spindle".

This exercise eliminates congestion in the lumbar region. This most unpleasant phenomenon is observed in many people, since the current sedentary lifestyle does not make it possible to move correctly and in the required volume. Stagnation of energy in the lumbar region leads to circulatory disorders, pathological changes in this section of the spine. All this gives rise to a whole range of diseases: from impotence and kidney failure to inflammation of the sciatic nerve and hemorrhoids.

Execution Method

So, the mental image of this exercise, as always, is in the title. Imagine a wall, a nail is driven into it, a knapsack bag hangs on it. Swing it, here's a pendulum for you. This same nail is “driven” between the eyebrows, and that same knapsack bag is your pelvis. The pair option is much better. Unfortunately, as the experience of classes in groups shows, few are able to master this "pendulum" on their own. The reason for this phenomenon is a huge number of problems in the lumbar region. With a partner, "Kotomka" is mastered much easier and faster. For this, it is necessary that the partner gives impulses with his hand to the hip joint in a given direction.

Execution Method

Starting option. Stand straight, legs - a few already shoulders, feet parallel. Repeat “Knapsack” to the right and left and back and forth several times, feel the state of the “pendulum”, only after that, easily, without straining, start rotating the “spindle” around the central axis.

Try to achieve a sense of initiation of rotation from the outside. This will help to avoid "dismounting" to a trivial, of little use, and often harmful rotation of the pelvis. Unlike the “Pendulum”, where actions are performed due to internal energy pulls, a simple rotation of the pelvis only increases the friction of the articular surfaces, bringing their physiological wear closer.

And a few more instructions for the implementation of the "Spindle".

Work with hands down. Try to arrange your breathing as follows: half a turn of the Spindle - inhale, half a turn - exhale. On inhalation, slow down a little, on exhalation, accelerate and, as it were, spring down, this gives a charge for a new revolution - a kind of prototype of a “perpetual motion machine”. This approach will make it possible to quickly achieve a sense of the initiation of rotation from the outside. When you "catch" the "Spindle" pendulum, trust us, you can't go wrong. A voice will sound inside you: “Here it is!!!”

“Pendulums” are very pleasant to perform the exercise, so we do not specify the number of repetitions. Act according to intuition, that is, internal sensations. Learn to listen to your true self. "Pendulums", with small amplitudes, can be performed generally everywhere, which, in fact, many people do subconsciously: wiggle, swing their legs, rotate their fingers. They give the body a constant energy recharge, like in a car: the movement of the car constantly recharges the battery.

In conclusion, let's get acquainted with three movements for instant relief of muscle tension. At first, perhaps, such tension will manifest itself, but with experience it will sink into oblivion.

1. HAND - LASH

From a straight position, tilt the body slightly to the right, “hang” the right shoulder and relax the right arm. Then, by swinging the body, set in motion the “Kotomka” pendulum for the right hand. Rock it a little. As soon as the blood makes your fingers heavier, raise your hand up and, lowering it, shake it several times, as if you were selling mercury in a thermometer. Do the same with your left hand. Then "suspend" both shoulders and imagine that instead of hands you have two ropes with weights at the ends hanging. And again, at the expense of the Scarecrow pendulum, transmit wave-like vibrations to your hands. The shoulder girdle is relaxed.

2. LEG - WHIP

Stand straight, pull the right hip joint up so that the right leg becomes “shorter” and hangs in the air, its foot is parallel to the spore. Let your leg swing freely. Do the same with your left foot. Thus, tension is removed from the lumbar region.

3. "Wattle"

An exercise that relaxes the whole body, you just need to understand and perform it correctly. Imagine yourself as a wet shirt, which will now be dried after washing. The hostess takes you by the shoulders and lifts you first a little up and then forward through the wattle fence. You hang on the fence, bent in half at the level of the chest pockets, that is, the diaphragm, and not the belt. Avoid this mistake. It is also important that the neck is completely relaxed. As you inhale, create a mental image of an obstacle in front of you - a “wattle fence” - at chest level, raise your hands up, completely relax.

As you exhale, “throw” yourself onto this “wattle fence”. Head, arms, chest - on one side; pelvis, legs, stomach - on the other. Soften, sag on this narrow support. Now swing your upper body to one side and your lower body to the other side at the same time. It turns out the oscillatory system "pendulum" like a flywheel.

Materials used in preparing the article:
Vladislav Meshalkin, Evgeny Barantsevich, Konstantin Tyutelov "Slavic Health"

The public first learned about pendulum movements from Bogomolov’s book “In August 44th”, which very well described the moment when the “wolfhound” Tamantsev, nicknamed “Skorokhvat”, used such movements in a gun battle.

And although there it was mainly about pendulum movements and body slips, from about that time there was an interest in this type of movement in martial arts and what opportunities they could give. I say "type of movement" for the reason that there are other varieties of them.

For example, wave, circular or rectilinear, which are perfectly used in hand-to-hand combat, and sometimes even the style of combat is "entirely and completely" tied to them, for example, Fedin's "Wave Fight", and some wushu styles, for example, are entirely built on rectilinear movements, brought to such perfection by many thousands of movements, that they are simply terrifyingly mesmerizing, which attracts many thousands of fans to their ranks! And all thanks to the fact that some dude-enthusiast for several decades polished kata to the filigree of movements!

After the release of this book, due to the paucity of information, many different kinds of legends began to multiply, attributed to the "pendulum", which, according to rumors, could provide almost invulnerability. At the same time, a “fly in the ointment” was added about the huge development time, something like “You need to plow for many years every day, and if you miss at least one workout, you need to start all over again.” That is, a hint that no matter how much you train, if you miss at least a day, your entire skill will “zero out”, even if you worked there at least nine years out of ten.

Such a cunning "requirement-condition" immediately fought off any desire to master them. Indeed, who wants to sweat for many years and be afraid to lose everything even because of a missed week due to, for example, the same illness? And the fact that training, at least “not much, but will be interrupted”, due to some force majeure circumstances, is understandable to the absolute majority. Who would like to live in parallel all the time in anxiety, afraid to lose everything.

But be that as it may, regarding the timing, there is a certain rational grain in the constant and long-term training of such movements, and the reason here is that in the well-known psychophysical phenomenon, when on the basis of it they try to develop a self-sufficient fighting style called " ". Pendulum movements are very difficult to apply due to the specifics of the movements themselves, since they are rhythmic and always occur in the same plane at the “full zero-maximum-full zero” speed.

Anyone who experimented in training, trying to evade attacks in this way, immediately understood their drawback: accelerating the body, stopping and picking up speed again - this is what prevents its successful use in a high-speed duel. Especially if the partner does not play along, but really works in good conscience! As soon as you reach the speed, you immediately have to throw it off to switch to the opposite direction. And the fact that the change of direction occurs in the same plane makes it very difficult for various tricks like “rounding movements”.

Suppose the task of a person is to evade a flying lead weighing 9.6 grams. From it, as you know, you can "leave" in two ways. One, semi-mystical, is associated with powerful stress, during which time seems to slow down and a person, if he is “not stupid” and if he has a good motor base, then he manages to step aside, even when the bullet is already flying into it. This kind of phenomenon is known, and such cases are described by hundreds, if not thousands, and there are also quite a few films like The Matrix.

Another method is more primitive and is based on the fact that a person, as it were, evades a shot in advance, but not “in advance, in advance”, otherwise the enemy will simply shift the weapon and correct the shot, and then, when the shot has already almost taken place, i.e. directly into that the moment when the enemy has almost no control over his movements, because his brain gave the order to the muscles to shoot and the impulse to pull the trigger has already rushed along the nerves from the brain to the index finger. It is this moment that is difficult to control in terms of “correction” for an evading target, and the defender, as a result of the training, instantly determines the intended trajectory of the shot and dodges to the side. This slope is the first phase of the pendulum.

"First" for the reason that again you need to dodge - it is unlikely that the enemy has only one bullet. And, accordingly, it is necessary to perform the slope in the other direction, otherwise it will already be some kind of skewed defense with a constant sideways departure, and not a super-lighthouse "". And here the problems begin and they are of the next kind. After the slope, it is necessary to stop completely, that is, to reduce speed to almost zero. And the second problem is to switch to a new direction.

And so every time.

This is the reason for long-term training, since it is necessary to successfully resolve these two negative points, which is very difficult if the slopes are performed by the body while accelerating with the legs. After all, it is more massive than the same hands, which means it is more inert. Accordingly, it is much more difficult to manage it than, for example, by hand.

And only after devoting a sufficient amount of time, a person will understand that it is necessary to deviate a little from the canonical pendulum, executed in one plane. That it is better not to completely extinguish the acceleration of the body, but to redirect it to the desired plane, as if rounding off the movement with transferring it to the right place. That movements can be helped not only by pushing off the ground with your feet, but also using the same invisible zones of inertia, thanks to which you can push off, as it were, from an invisible support (in Senchukov’s book such knots were mentioned) and, accordingly, quickly and unexpectedly leave the line of the shot . This is where you sweat many times before you learn all this, but still, in terms of time, this is not ten years of continuous practice, which many frighten.

No one will constantly dodge shots, unless it is a suicide bomber, put to the wall. A person will either try to take cover behind some object, or go on the counteroffensive. If a person, “swinging the pendulum”, begins to approach the shooter, then by this action he will involuntarily begin to help the enemy, rapidly lowering the angle of fire, thereby making it easier for the enemy to shoot “at a jumping target”, since the distance to the target is getting closer and closer.

And, if we sum up the mathematical base, then the realities are such that the entire invulnerability of the employees of SMERSH, the NKVD, and ordinary citizens practicing these movements to use them in battle, equals about five percent of a hundred, if not less. Of course, that it is necessary to use all the chances to get out to survive, but invulnerability obviously did not even spend the night here.

So, pendulum movements in hand-to-hand combat are not as “great and powerful” as many people try to present, deceiving themselves and imposing this idea on others. But the fact that they are used with great success in various kinds of special training, helping to form the necessary skills for the same hand-to-hand combat, is already a fact. “Pendulum movements” (more precisely, here we already need to talk about the principle of “Pendulum movements”, since the principle implies an idea, having understood which a person understands what is required of him and begins to develop it more fully and productively, realizing his inner potential, learning physical capabilities and developing intuitions, but working nonetheless within the framework of the required principle) can be successfully used to control one's own psychophysiology, activate and control energy, develop sensitivity, enter the "battle rage" and in hundreds of other cases.

The possibilities of the "pendulum" are very extensive, but they are not endless, as many like to claim, attributing some kind of power to them. Moreover, it even came to the point that the authorship of this type of movement began to be attributed exclusively to Slavic sorcerers and warriors. Accordingly, they are present exclusively in Russian mystical directions and martial arts and nowhere else, but all these statements are "nonsense nonsense."

They are found everywhere and the main reason is not in combat effectiveness, but in a powerful healing effect, normalizing the physical condition and managing the work of the psyche, and because of this, they have been practiced for many thousands of years by all the peoples of the world and are constituent elements of many health complexes, for example,. With its practice, the energy is activated, and rather quickly, and “live flexibility” increases, and the ligaments become elastic, and vitality increases, and dozens of different kinds of effects, for example, in the general rejuvenating effect.

Of course, they need practice, not mental speculation, although they also "have great benefits." Plus, training for pleasure, and not in the form of self-rape. How can you feel better by torturing yourself? After all, there is no necessary mood, which means that a person does not work in the right psycho-emotional state, which means that the body does not release the necessary substances, resulting in the absence of a positive effect. You should always keep this in mind and before training properly tune in, for which there are many tricks.

And there are more than health-improving complexes, however, mainly based on one movement, and their performance is very pleasant for a person, which is instantly felt, even if they are performed in a passive version, for example, swaying in a rocking chair. You can also roll from toe to toe and vice versa. A very pleasant thing. Or sitting, swing the body in a vertical plane passing exactly through the middle of the body back and forth. As for the benefits, here, among other things, the “small celestial circle” is pumped - the anterior ... and the posterior median meridians. It can even reach the point that they, these channels, are activated, as it were, by themselves! By the way, the same movements are often performed by animals, for example, a bear.

Pendulum movements are the essence of “RHYTHM”, and it is one of the basis, by the way, of hypnotic techniques and, in particular, self-hypnosis, which will be discussed in a separate publication. If I don't forget...) And the rhythm, depending on its intensity, either calms or activates. By the way, here is the key to combat rage. Rhythmic accelerating movements, swaying of the body, multiplied by some kind of “hooting”, as is often shown in various documentaries dedicated to the customs of wild tribes, activates rabies. Binding the activated state to a gesture (for example, clenching fists) will allow you to immediately fall into the desired state.

So... This kind of movement is more for the option of a mutual shootout, i.e., if two people "pour each other with lead fire." For other options for conducting a fight, these movements are not suitable, unless we consider body slips from fist attacks as a special case of these same movements. But in psychotraining they are a powerful tool for manipulating their state, which will be discussed later.

Throwing knives

The theme of modern trends is always simplification and degradation, which is clearly seen in the example of Muay Thai. Its modern version, practiced in the ring, is a complete misery in terms of the arsenal of techniques, not much different from kickboxing. The ancient Muay Thai (Muay Boran) is much more interesting - in addition to the striking arsenal, it included throws and creases and strongly resembles certain styles of Pencak Silat. I was even more convinced of this by watching a number of seminars by Colonel Amnat Pooksrisuk (they have names, however!). The way he uses the triangle is very similar to his use in Silat and Kali. There are also some other general principles. As a result of additional viewing of videos on this topic, I found one with pages of some book that shows sitting practicing techniques in Muay Thai as well as it is practiced in a number of styles of silat, such as Silek Tuo and Chimande - whoever saw it knows :). By the way, this colonel was the mentor of Tony Jaa, who starred in the film Ong-Bak and Tom Yum Goong, from whom the interest in traditional Muay Thai began in the world. According to him, traditional principles and techniques are hidden in the dance (Khon), which, ironically, is performed in the ring in front of its primitive version.

I looked through a number of materials on physical training in this type of wrestling common in northern India and Pakistan. In form, Kushti is an ordinary freestyle wrestling, but the technique for developing strength is very similar to that in Pakhlavan, Iranian martial arts. The same rotations with maces, dumbbells and other weights. The wrestling itself is carried out in an earthen pit, which is also dug anew every day for the purpose of preparation. I was especially impressed with the exercises on the pole, in fact, the pole is like a gymnastic apparatus, on which, in addition to acrobatic exercises, they also perform yogic asanas. By the way, he does the same thing on a rope. In general, very original traditional training methods, women of a certain profession would be envious.

For some reason, many practitioners pronounce puffs when they strike, I don’t know if they release some kind of energy in this way, but it always made me laugh. It came from Dan Inosanto, so you can immediately identify his students by this puff. For example, Inosanto's daughter Diana constantly squeaks with her husband Ron Baliki.

Hawaii also has its own wrestling called Lua. They were pleased with an interesting weapon - a small stake on a rope. The rope is tied to the hand so that the stake does not get lost, and it is also used as a sarong in silat for various strangulations, plus blockages of the body directly on this stake, plus you can work with the stake separately as a short stick or knife.

I receive a lot of messages asking "Tell me how to properly train and swing the "pendulum"" Answering, I decided to publish the article again.

The legend claims that the pendulum originally appeared in the cavalry, at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. The so-called cavalry shooting appeared, and it was carried out as follows. From two hands, and one hand, as a rule, was the left one, was at the level of the hip or belt, and the other hand was stretched out at eye level, as when shooting aiming.

During a cavalry attack with a ledge (to the left, to the right) and approaching the enemy’s formations, similar shooting was carried out, at the same time body movements followed, swinging the hull to the left and to the right to the maximum possible amplitude in order to make it difficult to aim fire at the advancing equestrian formations, since mainly the troops were armed with rifles and pistols (machine guns were generally a luxury).

After dismounting, the cavalrymen, due to injuries, etc. applied this practice and improved. As a result, a whole art of swinging the pendulum appeared, which included a complex of preparation, aiming and firing a pistol with a simultaneous bias from the enemy’s shooting directory. I can't vouch for 100% accuracy, but that's how it was heard from one instructor.

Later, the pendulum was improved by SMERSH employees, after it was necessary to take the spy alive, if he died during the arrest, then the SMERSH employee himself could receive a battalion for the disrupted operation. Here, in order to fire not to kill, but to suppress the enemy, while approaching him quickly to capture and not get a bullet himself, this technique was invented, which was later called the "pendulum".

The whole tactic of the pendulum consisted in one, maximum two quick rolls to the enemy, to approach and suppress him with aimed fire, so that the bullets lay as close as possible, in a separate case, a slight injury to the detainee was allowed. As a rule, this will work in the case of shooting from a pistol, I'm afraid that when shooting from an automatic weapon, you should not be heroic ...

Below I will give the pendulum training technique, but for now I want to give the opinion of one of the current GRU special forces officers, with whom I agree 95%.

Here is his opinion: In general, the use of the pendulum by SMERSH employees is a rather controversial issue. For there are legends that all employees owned it, such a conclusion can be drawn by reading Potapov's book. But, there is also the opposite! So you can argue endlessly. And the things shown in the film "In August 44" (according to Bogomolov's book "The Moment of Truth") - shows a variant of the training of a particular fighter ...

In recent years, in a near-professional environment of special forces, a bullet evasion technique called the "Pendulum" has become very popular. There are even publications under such headings. These books are bought, reprinted and bought again. There is probably nothing reprehensible in the fact that the people who write them want to make money. Potapov's "secret" books about how to swing in different directions. Everything is fine. Easy to read. There is a desire to try, even build a preparation plan based on what you read. And it's nice to think about how wonderful that the pendulum technique has not sunk into oblivion. And what a fine fellow the author is for giving us this wonderful work.

The only thing that is not there is at least one scientific fact. You don't need much. You just need to, from the standpoint of science, define this phenomenon: how a person evades bullets. Even if it will be near-scientific, but the facts. I understand that it is possible to tactically competently meet fire contact, and they will not hit you. This is one. This is pure tactics. But getting away from the shot, this, sorry, is completely different.

After all, it was necessary, well, at least out of decency, to publish the composition of the group on which the practical part of this experiment was carried out, on the basis of which such things are written. I can continue the list of what is missing for a very long time, although it should be, based on even the minimum requirements for scientific papers. I firmly know that there will be no facts. Never. Because everything that is written there is a fiction.

Now why do I agree 95% and not 100% with the interviewer.

There is a fully developed training methodology on how to catch an arrow in front of your chest-hand, fired at you from a sports bow, from 50m. It was all made up on long cloudy evenings. Sitting in the kitchen, in the light of the lampshade. I do not at all mean to say that the pendulum system is missing, or to ridicule the people who believed it. Not at all. All this is, all this was. Only the difference between what the military security officers (SMERSH) did and what contemporaries present to us, as between vodka and a machine gun. Both knock down, but in different ways.

And here's what's weird. The only source that mentions the pendulum is Bogomolov's novel "In August forty-fourth ...". And then, the pendulum is described there in the form of an artistic narrative. Where is the source? You can ask questions endlessly. And in the end, we will find out that the only source is Potapov and Company himself. And that's it. Whatever you want with it, then do it. Don't you think this is strange?

Not a single instructor in fire training of the leading special forces of the FSB, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia knows anything about the bullet avoidance system. Not a single tactical-special training instructor knows either. Veterans who have gone through all the recent wars also shrug their shoulders. In the special forces of the GRU, without which not a single good fight can do, they also know nothing. Moreover, not a single foreign method, not a single school or center, deals with such nonsense. Even the Israelis, who have an unconventional approach in fashion, don't know anything.

But you, who bought this book for two hundred rubles, you know. This is ridiculous. What's even funnier is that a lot of people are already doing it. There are believers. Teaching aids are being written.

People are busy, as it seems to them, a serious matter. They get tired in training, share with each other successes in the difficult task of dodging bullets. There are leaders who are already doing this. (Well, another year or two, and we will begin to dodge machine guns, and then, you see, why not take a swing at a machine gun.)

What the counterintelligence operas did during the war years could be called "Pendulum". Yes, it most likely was. Because you can't imagine better. Briefly, concisely and in one word defines actions. The pendulum swings. First one way, then the other. I do not insist on this word, this is a collective concept. For Bogomolov, this is a pendulum. I'm sure there are many more definitions. But it is very stupid to think that the body needs to be rocked. You need to shake up the situation. This is what it is all about.

All answers to all questions are here - shake the current situation. They swing from one extreme to the other. The operatives of the military counterintelligence (SMERSH) did not rock the body from side to side, they rocked the person. They played, forcing experienced scouts to make mistakes and reveal themselves.

Now I have to deviate from the topic a little to the side. Let's go back to the forties. We need to understand who these people were. How did they manage to do this without initiated cases and signals, without investigation and the sanction of the prosecutor, without a court decision and sentence, having met a person, if they suspected him of treason, simply kill him. And who were the people hunted by SMERSH wolfhounds. Some dry facts.

By a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars (Council of People's Commissars) of November 5, 1934, a special meeting was established under the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs. The Special Council had the right to exile persons recognized as socially dangerous without trial to labor camps. Up to five years. Just five years of a general regime zone. Anyone who, for example, was late for work. And this is for its citizens. This date is also considered by some to be the beginning of the Great Purge.

In 1937, the Special Council received the right to send to camps for up to eight years.

On November 17, 1941, the Special Conference acquired the right to pass any sentence, up to and including the death penalty. Death sentences were carried out immediately. According to the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of December 1, 1934, court sessions were held without prosecutors and lawyers.

By order of the NKVD of the USSR of May 27, 1935, regional troikas of the NKVD were created, which had the rights of a Special Conference. The trio included: the head of the local department of the NKVD or his deputy, the head of the police department and the head of the department of the NKVD, who dealt with the case. All yours, as you can see. No frills.

A special meeting gave ten years in the camps for failure to comply with the decision to surrender personal radios. Think about it - ten years for a radio.

In 1943, the NKVD was again divided, and the military counterintelligence was separated into an independent structure called SMERSH with direct subordination to Stalin as the people's commissar of defense.

SMERSH had its own investigative unit:

.
1st Department of SMERSH controlled the General Staff of the Red Army, the GRU and the intelligence agencies of the fronts and armies.
2nd department was in charge of air defense, aviation and airborne forces.
3rd department- tank troops, artillery and guards mortars.
4th department supervised the intelligence and operational work of the fronts.
2nd branch SMERSH was engaged in the fight against desertion, treason, crossbows and was in charge of the barrage service.
4th branch was in charge of the editorial offices of military newspapers, tribunals and military ensembles and academies.
5th department SMERSH was responsible for quartermaster supplies, medicine, and transportation.
6th division was engaged in operational maintenance of the NKVD troops.
7th division kept records of traitors to the Motherland, spies, saboteurs, terrorists, cowards, alarmists, deserters, crossbowmen and anti-Soviet elements. (If you fell under one of the points, you, of course, were shot.)

It was SMERSH who managed to emerge victorious from the battle of the two largest intelligence and counterintelligence services. The only one whom Stalin managed to oppose to Beria was Abakumov, the head of SMERSH.

The Main Directorate of Counterintelligence SMERSH worked as part of and together with the advancing army. Let's just say - on the front.

I wrote this to make it clear that the SMERSH operative in those years was a demigod - half a man. They could not shoot from service weapons. And the Smershevites, having met a suspect in reconnaissance and sabotage activities, could independently decide to detain or destroy, it doesn’t matter.

Did those people who were thrown into our rear know about this? They knew. They knew what awaited them in case of failure and what methods would be used to deal with them. And when these two met, it wasn't even their lives that were at stake. Behind the saboteur was ABWER, a network of agents that took years to build. Behind the smershevets is the effectiveness of entire armies.

Both were well prepared. What was this preparation? Stuffed kentos? No. Maybe a delivered kick (low kick)? Also no. Bogomolov would have written that, they say, Mishchenko had a low-kick. Is it possible to talk here about the special shooting school of SMERSH?

That, having signed a decree on the division of the NKVD into two people's commissariats and approving Merkulov as the head of the NKGB, and Abakumov as the head of the SMERSH GUKR, in 1943, Stalin also signed a decree on the creation of a SMERSH shooting school ?! This is stupid. Of course not. There was none of this. There were no secret techniques. Do you think they had time for shooting training?

The front line for them was quite different. The main struggle waged by the Smershevites was not fought with pistols and grenades. She was brainwashed. And the fact that the methods of forceful detention were bestial, merciless in nature (I mean leg sweeps and other things that were described in Bogomolov's novel) was dictated by the war. Yes, and there is nothing surprising in this.

I will say that, pulling out spirits at addresses, a couple of years ago (when trying to fire resistance), we did something else. And we all know that the interrogation did not end with shooting over the ear, the “cold pressing” of information is a very multifaceted thing.

So why did our colleagues go out in August of the 44th together to take three seasoned saboteurs. Three for three. Did they know something and knew something that we do not know and do not know?

If, among other things, we discard wartime, their powers, motivation, ideology and leave the momentary need, then what is needed right now to complete a combat mission?

The ability to take initiative, oneself and information - this is what gave them the opportunity to fulfill their duty. All that is needed in order to swing a saboteur like a pendulum is to know the operational situation, to feel the situation, to understand the psychological portrait of the suspect, all the subtleties of the operational game. This is the secret that they are now trying to sell us in the form of stupid gestures.

The operative shakes the saboteur, the saboteur of the operative. Both do what they do best. Both want to live. One takes the initiative, then the other. You can, of course, now say - why download, you can just arrest the suspect and that's it. It is possible, but time will be wasted.

And if you remember, they gave only a day to liquidate the Neman group. If Captain Alekhin had learned to shoot in Macedonian and swing like a pendulum, he would never have taken the Neman group. He couldn't have handled the situation. What shooting are you talking about? What are the secret techniques? Why put on a masquerade? Think.

The human body has more than a hundred degrees of freedom. There are laws of physics and chemistry. There is psychophysiology and biomechanics. There are ballistics, internal and external. There are also tactical and technical characteristics of weapons and ammunition. And to digest all this, you also need a brain. There is nothing more

.
There are no and never were any closed SMERSH shooting schools, in which only the management staff and "wolfhounds" were trained. If there were methods, then there were people, then there were documents. Where is all this? The authors of the books claim that they were lost, and now, after many years, they have finally managed to restore the pendulum system.

They weren't lost. They simply didn't exist. There was experience, rich experience of operational-combat work. SMERSH recruited the best. And there was no shortage of people. Very tough natural selection: the one who was wrong, he died. Add to this the experience of war, and here you have a "wolfhound". SMERSH operative could rock anyone. Read the memoirs of the old SMERSHs, and you will understand everything. Even the rich language these books are written speaks volumes.

All these shameless and provocative, in many ways inhuman and insidious methods of struggle were passed on from the more experienced to the young. They worked, they were efficient. Maybe they were called the pendulum, or maybe something else. It does not matter. It is important that they won, the war is a very good teacher.

There were no training systems, let alone documents. It's just a legend. Childishly naive. How do you imagine the loss of such documents in the structure of the NKGB-SMERSH-NKVD? This is simply impossible by definition. I know what I'm writing about. Even the most mediocre pieces of paper have been kept in the archives since the time of Tsar Pea. What loss?

There is a situation. There is an operative who controls the situation. And besides just writing papers in the office, he must also take with arms and always alive those whom he develops. Shake, tear, force to show their essence. This is not an easy task. Knowing that there will be resistance. Interrupting fire contact was prohibited by internal instructions. Is it possible now? The answer is obvious.

For the failure of the operation, the officers were sent to the penal battalion for a period of two to six months. It was called cowardice. It hasn't been shot yet. But if the wording was, for example: connivance, negligence, cowardice, they were shot immediately. And a week later they could shoot all family members, including children from 14 years old. Therefore, it was preferable to die in battle. Then the family received rations and other valuables of that time.

A person, put by life in such a situation, squeezed the maximum out of the possibilities of his body.

I will give an example from my own experience of how a person, placed on the verge of life and death, can act. I have one favorite and fail-safe technique - capture. As soon as I manage to move slightly to the left or right, from the frontal plane of the opponent, with physical contact, I perform a neck grab, followed by a choke. After 3-8 seconds, depending on the physical condition, the enemy loses consciousness.

And now, using this technique for more than 25 years (not a single failure during this time), somehow I hold a hold from behind (generally ideal), do a choke and wait for the enemy to turn off.

And suddenly I find myself on the pavement with him, he has already left the choke hold. Then it turned out, when watching (they were filming), that he did a somersault back, and my body served as a support for him. As it turned out, he was neither a commando, nor a karateka, not even a gymnast. In his youth, he went in for sports (at the time of his arrest, he was 46 years old), graduated from a technical school of physical education and simply did exercises in the morning.

Feeling that he was dying (according to him), already losing consciousness, purely reflexively, he did a somersault back. In his youth, he did somersaults, but not on the ground, but into the water from the shore, or a stone.
He survived the fight. Gaining experience. With each time becoming more and more dangerous adversary. He is his own commando, opera, investigator and judge. Such was the situation at that time.

The pendulum is the brainchild of SMERSH, but it died along with its parent. Moreover, they had one habitat - it was war. I read more than once "In August forty-fourth .."

Yes, it is really written about technical actions, but it was performed by one, separately taken Tamantsev. Now, as then, every fighter with combat experience has their favorite fighting techniques. that help you win. Techniques that once saved his life. Own program of actions, for example, to roll out a grenade. Everyone has their own. Tamantsev danced like a boxer, and Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich carries a RShG-1 grenade with him.

And now what? In 80 years they will write about the secret that the special forces had in 2000.? If the level of intelligence does not increase, then they will write.

Now I'll get back to dodging bullets. I myself can personally guarantee that at a distance of 20 meters and closer with a pistol I will hit you as many times as I need, no matter how you twitch.

Take a piece of paper and a pen and count how many muscles you need to contract to take a step to the side, multiply by two, because by contracting one muscle, the brain sends a signal to the antagonist muscle to relax. Then count the step with the slope.

And how much is needed in order to aim the weapon at the aiming point and pull the trigger. That more? That's all evasion for you. Which side are you going to dodge? And if the distance is five meters and shooting without moving to the aiming line, but from the chest?

Undoubtedly, in close combat, speed is one of the most important indicators. But there is another criterion. The most accurate, quick and devastating shot will be the one that is made on time. A shot that is tied to a given situation. Knowing and understanding the situation you find yourself in will give you the ability to make that shot. This shot will never miss. The one who takes the initiative into his own hands is the winner. The one who swings the pendulum of the situation is the one who makes the decision.

This is the pendulum system. Good investigators and the opera are fluent in it. Brothers on their arrows swing the pendulum so that you swing. Only they call it "pumping the swing." Prisoners, who have served ten years, can swing well. There is something to learn from them too. They, like the Smershevites, depended on it for their lives. In the zone, this is called "dissolve".

In life, if you have books of this content on your shelf, it means that the authors of these books have also lied to you. In all the variety of life situations, the same laws work. That in the Shilovsky forest "In August 44th ..", that in the zone in August 2010.

Take my word for it, when an adult kid tries to dance in a shooting gallery, like a dead man, and asks at the same time:

- "Well, how? And like this if? And so? Is it hard to aim?" - this is a nightmarish sight.

And given that he has two children at home, he becomes infinitely ashamed of this victim of the pendulum. I share the desire of the authors of secret books to believe in the best that all bullets will fly past, because we will dodge them. But we must face the harsh facts.

It is impossible to recreate what was in the Great Patriotic War before it, under Tsar Peas. For already, I hope, understandable reasons. And frankly, there is no need for this now. There are enough other problems in shooting now.

Today, it is almost always civilians who win practical shooting competitions. What is in the pistol category, what is in the carbine. From which it is clear that the population shoots better than those who are called upon to protect this population from the external and internal enemy. Here is the opinion of the current combat officer.

Now I have my own, proven method of training the "pendulum", but now with age and experience, I understand that we trained - the reaction.

In the army, we trained the pendulum as follows (I want to warn you right away that these were independent exercises, they were not included in any combat and physical training plans).

Two parallel lines were drawn at a distance of 1.5 meters and 10 - 12 meters in length - the "corridor". They took balls for playing tennis. One moved without leaving the corridor, and the second stood and threw balls, aiming at the chest, to the one who was moving. From lesson to lesson, the strength of the throw increased. Then they moved on to small stones, pebbles. When “skill in swinging the pendulum” appeared, they threw TT cartridges.

I must say that the "level of skill" increased quite a lot when we moved on to the stones. Yes, a very important clarification, you need to train naked to the waist in order to “feel a bullet with your skin.”

Well, whoever wants, in great detail, with descriptions, diagrams, drawings, etc., I refer you to Potapov's books.

Good luck and remember that it is better to hit the enemy with a bullet in the leg or shoulder than to swing the "pendulum" dodging his bullets.

Thoughts aloud of a sambo wrestler and system specialist.

To make it difficult for him to aim, I continuously “swinged the pendulum”: I danced with my left
shoulder forward, jerkily moving the body from side to side and all the time moving on his own - something similar, only simpler, is done by a boxer in the ring.
(c) V.O. Bogomolov. "In August 44th"

The opinion of the sambist will be like this. What the arrows of practical shooting demonstrate in motion is at odds with the point of view of application in a real combat situation.

Combat training has existed since human beings began to gather in organized, controlled groups for the purpose of obtaining food, robbing less organized or weak relatives, or, conversely, protecting them from stronger ones. With the development of scientific and technological progress and the emergence of new weapons, combat training began to be divided into disciplines, so wrestling and boxing, fencing, driving a horse or tank appeared.

Over time, regular classes and practicing techniques emerged into a separate system, which was called sport. Unlike combat, it has completely different goals - physical culture, health, entertainment, striving for excellence, business. Accordingly, other external and internal communications and relations. Since sport left the utilitarian practice and turned into an object of mass culture, it lost some of its applied qualities and acquired others that give entertainment and aesthetics.
For example, fights in martial arts break up and conduct training and competitions in the weight categories of athletes. Needless to say, in life you don’t have to choose the weight category of the enemy who attacked you. A similar example can be given from any sport. For example, the Weaver stance from shooting training is needed as a kiba-dachi karate stance in a street fight. Therefore, only applied elements can be taken from sports training and supplemented with those specifics that are not found in sports, but can be encountered in life.

Let's return to the main topic - movement during shooting. In the epigraph, I gave a literary description of the "pendulum" from the work of V. Bogomolov. Pay attention to the clarification - "something similar, only simpler, is done by a boxer in the ring." Remember the famous expression of Muhammad Ali - "flutter like a butterfly, sting like a bee." The pendulum is the ability of a fighter to move in space during a duel, and not the ability to hit a target from. First of all, it is developed in mobile sports, where it is necessary to maintain balance in unexpected situations - in boxing, wrestling, and even in football. If you start practicing the “pendulum” skills immediately with a pistol in a firing position, then nothing will work.

If you start moving from a static stance, in response to an external threat, you will need to lose energy to accelerate, overcome the inertia of the body, and waste time. In the state of the pendulum, a reflex is developed - the body's reaction to the external environment, which may not be a threat, but the signal to change the stance has already passed. An experienced goalkeeper can determine which corner of the goal the puck will fly to by swinging the opponent's stick, and only an even more experienced goalkeeper will determine that there will be a swing now and will already start moving in the right direction. Wrestling and boxing is a rivalry between two sets of reflexes. The brain does not have time to process the changing situation, but by a barely noticeable swing or even by the tension of a certain muscle group of the opponent, the body of a trained athlete already begins its counterplay to evade a blow or a hit, and the highest masters to carry out a counter strike or a hit. The development of such tactics is superbly staged in sambo, wrestling and boxing. In a completely similar way, the body of a trained fighter should also work during fire contact with the use of cold steel or firearms. The hero of Bogomolov's novel, Tamantsev, is fluent in this art. Due to the pendulum, he evades pistol shots, reflexively determining the moment and direction of the shot.

The barrel of the Browning again followed my movements - from right to left and
back, and I felt, I knew that in the next second it would be heard again
shot.

In addition to perfect physical fitness, the analytical component also plays an important role in the pendulum. An experienced fighter or athlete is constantly in a creative search. Mentally, he works out various techniques that may occur in a given situation. For example, moving down the street, he evaluates the men and possibly women he meets for an unexpected attack from their side and the choice of countermeasures from his own. Here you need to correctly assess the weight, build, supporting leg, whether he is left-handed or right-handed, and even the mental portrait of a possible opponent.

Evasion from danger, a fatal blow, a throw, and a throw can also be fatal, a shot from a weapon, a prick or a cut with a knife - this is all the apotheosis of a fight, which can be preceded by a variety of situations.
It must be clearly understood that at the heart of combat training the pendulum is a reflex possession of the body for various life situations, the final of which should be the physical neutralization of the enemy up to physical destruction with any weapon from a fist or bullet to a porcelain plate (according to Pikul), and not just the ability to shoot in Macedonian .

As already mentioned, in practical shooting, the targets do not shoot at the athlete. He is completely focused on high-speed hitting targets. And what is primary in fire contact, which is practiced in combat training? This is leaving the line of oncoming fire. It is necessary to determine the danger, its type and direction, to perform an evasive maneuver while exposing the weapon and hitting the enemy. Performing an evasive or blocking maneuver is one of the main conditions in combat training, but this reduces the rate of fire, which is the main thing in sports shooting, that is, we have a systemic contradiction.

Let's look at what causes cognitive dissonance in a sambist when he sees the movement of practicing athletes during shooting. First, a bit of wrestling physics - the body falls if the projection of the center of gravity goes beyond the body's support area. The athlete's task is to maintain the optimal combination of a larger area of ​​support at minimal energy costs with maximum mobility. "Don't cross your legs!" - that was the first advice I got. when he first stepped onto the mat and the last one he gave himself leaving the mat twenty years later, while dropping an opponent weighing 140 kg with his own 72. All movements in the pendulum are only with an added step! At competitions in practical shooting, you can often observe the following picture:

On smooth sports grounds, it can and does help to deliver accurate high-speed fire at targets without worrying about what is under your feet. But life slips knots and pebbles into it at the wrong moment, this is its specificity. Even a child can drop an opponent cross-legged. The sambo wrestler will not suffer in this case, since fall arrest is the first thing he learns on the mat, but an inexperienced athlete can even break his neck, since both hands are holding the gun and IPSC does not explain how to act in this case.

I'll give you another example. Going to the ground, or taking up a prone position. Two approaches are recommended - kneeling or resting on the free hand, followed by a toss of the sirloin with legs straightened.

Now let's compare it with the Soviet approach. The fighter takes a prone position by taking a step forward and slightly to the side. Such a movement is energetically less expensive than tossing the body into the air, and shifting the body to the side reduces the probability of being hit by the enemy, that is, an evasive maneuver is simultaneously performed.

Let's think about reflexes. Let's say a fighter has a threat from the side to the left. By moving to the ground with a step forward to the side with his right foot (or stepping back with his left), he has the opportunity to turn towards the threat. The task in combat training is to develop the reflex skill of lowering to the ground with a step with the foot opposite to the direction of the threat, while simultaneously turning the body in its direction.

Of course, the matter is not limited to crossing the legs or moving to the stalls. Mistakes from the point of view of the pendulum are made by practitioners during direct movements, turns, turns, changing magazines. The location of the holster and the manipulation of the weapon when drawing from it, and even the simple holding of the weapon, are not always optimal for a combat maneuver duel. There are questions about weapons and targets. For example, a swinging target is easily read at the phase of maximum deviation, when its speed is minimal, but I didn’t see any suddenly appearing targets.

The systematic nature of combat training lies in the fact that the studied disciplines should complement each other. Contradictions are unacceptable here, because their result will be the loss of the most valuable thing a person has.