Imperative in English exercises. The Imperative Mood is an educational and methodical material in English on the topic. Control exercises and tests

Subject in such proposals missing.

Reinforced form. Auxiliary do can also be used in the affirmative form of the imperative mood to emotionally strengthen the request:

The use of you. The offer is addressed to the 2nd person. Although the pronoun you, indicates this person, usually not mentioned in the incentive sentence; its presence gives the incentive sentence a shade of emotional irritation:

If two verbs are used, then between them is placed and:

Adverbs always always And never never are placed before the verb.

When the speaker expresses the desire to perform the action himself after let the pronoun is used me(although it should be noted that this form has no imperative meaning at all):

The negative form is formed either by setting a negative particle not before the semantic verb, or with the help do not (don't)- then the negation is directed to the verb let, which in this case fully retains its value as " allow, allow":

Exercises

Exercise 10.1

Make a request according to the model: John, shut the door, please.

1) Bob to give you a call after five.

2) Ask Mary to buy her a present.

3) Tell Nelly to take the book to the library.

4) Tell the secretary to type papers today.

5) Ask Peter to buy some bread to me.

Exercise 10.2

Opening the brackets, put the pronouns in the correct case:

1.Let (we) discuss these questions this morning.

2. Let (he) translate the letters from German into Russian.

3. Let (I) go to see him after classes this evening.

4. Let (they) give the books to the library in time.

5. Let (she) revise all the words from Lesson Two.

6. Let (we) read a book about our city.

Exercise 10.3

Translate into English:

1) Don't eat so much ice cream.

2) Do not go out without a hat.

3) Stay to watch a TV program with us.

4) Ask Nick to bring a dictionary.

5) Invite them over.

6) Cross the street only at the intersection.

7) Take me home.

8) Do not quarrel with your parents.

9) Don't interrupt me.

Control exercises and tests

Exercise 10.4

Give responses according to the model: "Your friend wants to come at five today". "Let him come."

1. He would like to read this book.

2. Your son wants to go to the cinema today.

3. Your daughter wants to watch TV tonight.

4. My son "s friends want to play chess at my place.

5. Your children want to go to the country for the week-end.

Exercise 10.5

Make sentences according to the model using the given words:

Sample: Let's go for a walk, shall we?

to open, to close, to go to the seaside, to go by bus olley-bus), to have a game of chess, to ring up, to go the cinema (theatre, country), to have a look at

Exercise 10.6

Make a request:

1) Ask Nick not to speak so loudly.

2) Ask your mother not to get up early tomorrow.

3) Tell Ann not to read at lunch.

4) Tell not to send him a telegram.

5) Tell Susie not to e so late.

6) Ask Janet not to waste money on sweets.

Exercise 10.7

Translate the sentences into English:

1) Tell her to serve coffee.

2) Ask her to translate the letter.

3) Ask the policeman where the post office is.

4) Think before you answer.

5) Don't eat a lot at night.

6) Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

Exercise 10.8

1) Let's open the window in the room.

2) Let him tell his English friends about Russia.

3) Let me help you translate the telegram.

4) Have them read and discuss this book.

5) Let the children also spend next Saturday and Sunday outside the city.

6) Let's take a taxi (taxi), okay?

7) Have him meet the delegation.

8) Let's not go to the lecture on German literature tonight.

9) Let me take my books.

Test - minimum 10

1. Make statements negative:

1) Let him read!

2) Call up John!

4) Let them play the game!

5) Answer the phone!

6) Go to school!

8) Let her choose the code!

2) Let's press the key!

1) Let her show her report to the boss.

2) Read this book to the children.

3) Bring me this game.

4) Let's send them this message.

5) Buy her a cake.

6) Let them come later.

Test 10

1. Replace the pronouns using the hint in brackets:

1) Let's buy a cake (she)

2) Let's write a letter (he)

3) Let's choose a code (they)

4) Let's go to the library (she)

5) Let's help him (I)

2. Translate into English:

1) Call your mom.

2) Let him wake us up early in the morning.

3) Let's go somewhere tonight.

4) Let me take my pen.

5) Let's buy a new car.

6) Let's take a taxi.

7) Come here.

8) Let him bring bread.

9) Let's open the window in the room.

10) Let Sasha go to the store.

11) Let my brother tell this story.

12) Don't drink cold juice.

Hello dear friends!

What is the best way to learn English? Right! Practice it as often as possible. Therefore, today I want to do exercises with you to practice the imperative mood.

From this article you will learn:

Imperative Examples

Repetition is the mother of learning!

In one of the previous articles “The category of inclination in”, we have already considered with you all types of inclinations, but I want to remind you what the imperative is. It is also called Imperative mood and expresses a person's motivation to act in the form of a request, order or instruction.

I offer you all possible options

Sentences with an order are built according to a very simple principle: you need to put the infinitive without the particle to at the beginning. Examples: Come here (Come here). Sit on the sofa (Sit on the sofa). Such proposals sound quite persistent and strict.

Affirmative sentences-orders

1. For the negative form of the same order, you need to put don't at the beginning. Don't call her (Don't call her). Don't lean on the door (Do not lean against the door). You can meet the first two forms on signs with announcements around the city, for example, in public transport.
2. In addition, similar forms can be found in instructions or recipes: Add sugar and mix well (Add sugar and mix well).
3. To soften the intent and make it more of a request, you can add please. Please don't sit on this chair. It’s broken (Please do not sit on this chair. It is broken).

Orders not to do something

• To call the interlocutor to joint action in English, Let's (short for let us) is used. It is followed by an infinitive without to. Let's go to the cinema tonight (Let's go to the cinema tonight). Let's have something to eat (Let's eat something). You can operate in this form in a circle of friends and relatives.
  You can also call the interlocutor to action using the construction shall + we + infinitive.
  Shall we meet at 5? (Maybe meet at 5?)
• Negative Let's looks like Let's not + infinitive.
  Let's not go to this restaurant (Let's not go to this restaurant).

Offers with Let's

Ponytails

If your intention contains a hint of irritation, then we start it with You + infinitive: You stop talking! (Stop talking already!) You turn the computer off! (Turn off your computer already!)

Let's practice knowledge

So the tongue is like a muscle. In order to train well, you need to perform language simulator exercises. As I promised, we will focus on them in this article.

Sign the "tails" to the examples presented:

• Let's play football.
  For example, Let's play football, shall we?
• Don't tell it to anyone.
• Do me a favor.
• Don't eat this cake.
• Let's visit our friends.
• Let's do it another day.
• Carry these bags.
• Answer the phone.
• Turn the TV off.
• Let's go on holiday in June.
• Don't forget to call me.

Translate the sentences into English using the correct form of the imperative:

1. Please open the window.
2. Example: Open the window, please.
3. Stop listening to music so loud already!
4. Let's not go to Julie's today.
5. Can we take the subway?
6. Let's not talk about it.
7. Be sure to read this book!
8. Don't tell me what to do!
9. Be sure to take your dog for a walk!
10. Let's listen to music.
11. Won't you swear?
12. Be quiet.

How to talk about what you have been asked to do

If you need to convey someone's intentions, you will need indirect speech. How to build it with an imperative mood? You will need a verb that expresses a request, an order or advice, and an infinitive with a particle of to, referring to the request itself. For example, in direct speech Open the window, please (Please open the window) looks in indirect speech as He asked to open the window (He asked to open the window). Where asked is a verb expressing a request, and open is the request itself.

We choose the verb depending on whether it is a favor or an order. You can use: asked (asked), told (said), ordered (ordered).

Subscribe to the blog, find even more useful articles and rules, and you will also receive as a gift a basic phrasebook in three languages, English, German and French. The main plus is that there is a Russian transcription, therefore, even without knowing the language, you can easily master colloquial phrases.

Negation is built on a similar principle, only we put not before the to particle. Don't open this present (Do not open this gift). He told not to open this present (He said not to open this present). But what about with?

Sentences with Let's can be changed to indirect speech using suggest: Let's play bowling (Let's play bowling). He suggested that we play bowling (He suggested to play bowling). The obligatory components of sentences with suggest are that we, after which the verb is placed in the infinitive without to.

Remember our funny lesson about looks?

Now I offer you an exercise to practice. Change the sentences from direct to indirect speech:

1. Let's invite some friends round.
   Example: He suggested that we invite some friends round.
2. Don't touch my phone.
3. Pour me some water, please.
4. close the door.
5. Go out of the class!
6. Let's play computer games.
7. Drink a cup of tea.
8. Don't open the window!
9. Stop making the noise!
10. Let's buy a new car.
11. Come home early today.

I was with you, Ekaterina Martynova, a philologist of the English language.
Have a nice day!

Subject in such proposals missing . Request, order, advice, etc. usually addressed to 2nd person unity and many others. numbers. The sentence is pronounced with a falling tone on the last stressed syllable.

tell me about it.	Tell me about it.
Go to the blackboard!	Go to the blackboard!
Come to see us tonight.	Come) to us tonight.

negative formexpressing a prohibition to perform an action, is formed using an auxiliary verb do and negative particle not. Instead of do not commonly used abbreviation don't [dount]:

Don't talk!	Do not speak)!
Don't open the door.	Do not open the door.
Don't listen to him.	Don't listen to him.
Don't smoke here!	Don't smoke here!
Don't be angry with me.	Do not be mad at me.
Don't cross the street here!	Don't cross the street here!

Reinforced form.Auxiliary do can also be used in the affirmative form of the imperative mood to emotionally strengthen the request:

Do sit down.	Yes, sit down.
Do come to see us tonight.	Be sure to come to us in the evening.
Do come and help me.	Well, come and help me!
Do turn the TV set off.	Yes, turn off the TV!
Do forgive me, I didn't mean to hurt you.	Well, sorry me, I didn't mean to offend you.

Polite form. If there is a word at the end or beginning of an imperative sentence please please , then the command softens and turns into a polite request:

The use of you. The offer is addressed to the 2nd person. Although the pronoun you , indicates this person, usually not mentioned in the incentive sentence; its presence gives the incentive sentence a shade of emotional irritation:

You stop talking!	Come on, stop talking!
You leave me alone!	Yes leave do you let me alone!
You take your hands off me!	Well, take it away your hands from me!

If two verbs are used, then between them is placed and :

Adverbs always always and never never are placed before the verb.

In the text, the form of the imperative mood is usually recognized bythe absence of a subject, dictionary form (infinitive) of the verb and usually following itdirect complement:

When referring to a 3rd person the verb is used let. between let and the infinitive of the verb is a common noun or a personal pronoun in the objective case (him, her, them, etc.) indicating the person who is to perform the action. Verb let pronounced without stress:

Let him do it himself.	Let him do it himself.
Let her stay here.	Let her stay here.
Let them speak.	Let them say . Let them speak.
Let Victor open the window.	Let Victor open the window.

When referring to the 1st person plural ( we ), that is, when it comes to a call or invitation to joint action, the form is used let us , which is usually shortened to let's , which translates as " Let's (in translation, this word may be omitted altogether):

Let's go.	Let's go to . Went .
Let's hurry. We are late.	Let's hurry. We are late.
Let's go to the cinema tonight.	Let's go tonight at the cinema.

When the speaker expresses the desire to perform the action himself after let the pronoun is used me (although it should be noted that this form has no imperative meaning at all):

Let me come in.	Let me in.
Let me think.	Let me see . (Let me think)
Let me do it myself.	Let me do it myself.

The negative form is formed either by setting a negative particle not before the semantic verb, or with the help do not (don't) - then the negation is directed to the verb let , which in this case fully retains its value as "allow, allow":

Let him not do it. Don't let him do it.	Let him not do it. Don't let him do this.
Don't let him smoke here.	Don't let him smoke here.
Let's not argue about it.	Let's not beargue about it.

Never, about your friends. (never - never; to forget - forget; about - about; friends - friends)

Exercise #2

Make up sentences from the given words

• Pass, please, the, me, salt
• Switch off, the, a book, and read, TV
• English, speak, please, in class
• To ask, put, your hand up, a, question
• Sweets, don't, at school, eat

Exercise #3

Divide the sentences into two columns

What parents say

What teachers say

1. Write the date in your notebook.

2.Listen to the instructions.

3. Put your pajamas on.

4.Turn off the TV.

5.Play nicely with your brother.

6. Turn to page 15.

7. Tidy up your bedroom.

8. Don't hit your sister!

9. Don't run in the corridor!

10.Share the colors with your classmates.

11. Put your hand up.

12.Clean your teeth.

In this topic, we will consider lexical and grammatical ways of expressing commands, requests, invitations, advice and suggestions.

The easiest way to express an order is to put the verb in the imperative mood.

Hurry up!
close the door!

Such commands are very similar to orders. And in orders, as you know, there is little tact. Therefore, you should be careful when using this type of command.

Note:

If the speaker wants to make his commands rude to show his superiority, then the verb in the imperative mood is preceded by a personal pronoun you. That is, the team becomes more targeted.

The first type of commands can be strengthened with the following stylistic device: the verb in the imperative mood is preceded by an auxiliary verb do. This - stylistic reception, that is, the presence of DO before the verb does not contribute to the sentence none grammatical changes. The presence of Do adds an additional shade of impatience and irritation to the already commanding tone.

Do hurry up, please!
well please hurry!

You can induce a person to action using phrases with a verb let. Originally a verb let translates as "permit". After let there is a pronoun in the objective case (addressee) and a verb in the form of an infinitive without a particle to.

The most common phrase Let's, which translates as "let's / let". This is a commonly used short form, here is the full version - Let us.

Let us have dinner. - Let's have lunch.
Let's watch TV. - Let's watch TV.

Beyond the pronoun us, c let other object pronouns are also used.

let him say what he wants. - Let be say what he wants
let them leave. - Let be(they are going away
Let me think about it. - Let / Give me to think about it

Note

Pronoun only us forms a short form with let.

There are two ways formation of negative forms for phrases with let.

The first way: negation is created using an auxiliary verb of the appropriate tense and a negative particle not.

Don't let them take the money.

The second way, the most commonly used (usually used only in Present Simple): after the object pronoun, one negative particle is placed not.

let them not take the money.

Please note that from the way of negating phrases with let may depend on their translation. Let's take a closer look at these examples.

Don't let them take the money.

If the verb let strictly translated as "permit", then negation don't right here. Accordingly, this sentence has the following translation: " Don't allow / let them to take the money."

let them not take the money will be translated a little differently: " Let be they not take money."

There is a small but very clear semantic difference between the translations of these phrases.

In the process of communication, it is difficult to do without incentive speech forms. In order to convey the necessary message to the interlocutor and make him act, imperative verbs are used. Their use presupposes the presence of a certain word order in the sentence and the obligatory emotional coloring.

How is the imperative mood formed and used?

English has a subjunctive, indicative and imperative mood. Pushing the addressee to commit specific actions, appeals with imperative verbs carry a different semantic load.

In incentive speech turns, many ways of inducing activity are used:

• request;
• advice;
• warning;
• ban;
• order;
• briefing.

Imperative turns of speech mostly do not contain a subject, and the predicate is expressed by the verb in an indefinite form without the “to” particle.

The infinitive (n.f.)	Translation		Translation
to look	look	look there!	Look!
to write	write	Write!	Write!
to do	do	Do it!	Do this!
to listen	listen	Listen to me!	Listen to me!
to get	receive	Get out here!	Get out of here!

The construction of the interrogative form for the imperative mood is rarely done, so many mistakenly believe that English grammar did not provide for this option.

It is impossible to simply speak using the auxiliary verbs "do" or "does" when using imperative speech turns. The question will be formed by using the modal verb "shall". It belongs to the type of imperative-permissive.

The imperative mood (imperative mood)	Translation	Interrogative sentence	Translation
stay here!	Stay where you are!	Shall I (we) stay here?	Should I (we) stay put?
Sit down!	Sit down!	Shall I (we) sit down?	Should I (we) sit?
Read!	Read!	Shall I (we) read?	Should I (we) read?
Buy it!	Buy it!	Shall I (we) buy it?	Should I (we) buy?
Give me that!	Give it to me!	Shall I (we) give you that?	Should I (we) give you (you) this?

To add additional politeness to the imperative mood, the word is put in the first or last place in the sentence "please - please". Being at the head of a phrase, it does not require commas. When located at the end of a speech turnover, the situation is exactly the opposite.

Sometimes the verb and noun have the same spelling, which creates difficulties for the correct perception of information. When determining the difference between these parts of speech, it is worth paying attention to the direct object, which should be located immediately after the predicate in imperative sentences.

Types of imperative mood

In addition to the simple affirmative version, there are imperative sentences with an unusual form of construction. They include auxiliary verbs and other mandatory speech inclusions. They are used to give the desired emotional coloring.

There are four additional forms of the imperative:

1. negative;
2. Polite;
3. Reinforced;
4. With an appeal.

negative form

Negative imperative sentences are used to indicate actions that should not be taken.

When constructing this speech form, the auxiliary verb do is used in combination with the particle not. The construction don't (do not) is placed at the head of the speech turnover, followed by the predicate in an indefinite form, without the to particle.

	Translation
Don't talk to him!	Don't talk to him!
Don't leave me alone!	Don't leave me alone!
Don't lie to me!	Don't lie to me!
Don't touch this book!	Don't touch this book!
Don't give him your presents!	Do not give (those) to him your (your) gifts!

The independent verb "to be" loses its independence in negative imperative sentences. In them, it is used in conjunction with the "don't" construction.

Negative imperative	Translation
Don't be afraid!	Don't be scared(s)!
Don't be late!	Don't be late(s)!
Don't be boring!	Don't be boring(s)!
Don't be a fool!	Don't be (s) a fool (s)!
Don't be a little girl! You are a big boy.	Don't act like a little girl! You are a big boy!

Polite form

Along with the word "please", in incentive sentences, to soften and give politeness, they use a speech form similar to a tag question. The construction of this construction occurs using the affirmative or negative form of the auxiliary verb "will", as well as the pronoun "you".

A question mark at the end of a sentence, in writing, gives the command a polite tone.

The polite form of the imperative	Translation
Give me your hand, won't you?	Give me your hand, please!
Help her with her bag, will you?	Help(s) her with her bag, please!
Read the weather forecast, won't you ?	Read the weather forecast, please!
Bring my coffee, will you?	Bring(s) my coffee, please!
Close the window, will you?	Close the window(s), please!

This speech form seems to be only a derivative of the disjunctive question. The choice between "will" and "won't" is made arbitrarily and is not explained in any way.

Reinforced form

Auxiliary "do" rarely present in sentences with affirmative overtones. Its use at the beginning of an imperative sentence helps to give the phrase more vivid emotions, and also significantly increases the weight of the main predicate. This puts additional pressure on the interlocutor.

	Translation
Do sit down!	Sit down(s)!
Do wake up!	Wake up (-those) same!
Do shut up!	Shut up (those) same!
Do open your eyes!	Open (those) same your eyes!
Do tell us about it!	Tell us about it!

The intensified form clearly expresses the emotional overtones of the imperative mood, but it does not always serve as a sign of the speaker's irritation. Sometimes it is used to say encouraging phrases.

In order to convey anger, contempt or disappointment in an imperative sentence, the verb “just” is put at the beginning of the sentence:

Strengthened form of the imperative mood	Translation
Just do it!	Just do it!
Just write a letter!	Just write a letter!
Just go with him!	Just go with him!
Just drive a car!	Just drive the car!

Contact Form

Sometimes in imperative sentences there are contacting the interlocutor. It can be located in any part of the phrase, more often, at the beginning or end. This technique is used to accurately designate a person or group of people who are required to perform an action.

In the letter, the appeal is always separated by commas.

Imperative mood with address	Translation
Kate, stop worrying!	Kate, stop worrying!
Stay at home Mike!	Stay home Mike!
Close the window, Mary , and go to the kitchen!	Close the window, Mary, and go to the kitchen!
Do your homework, Ben!	Do your homework, Ben!
Ann, read the book!	Ann, read the book!

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Design with Let

The verb "let" is translated into Russian as "encourage, allow, force".

It is often found in imperative sentences. The construction of incentive speech turns suggests the location of the word "let" at the very beginning of the phrase.

It is followed by a direct object indicating the person who will perform the action. Usually, it is a pronoun or a noun in the objective case. The semantic verb in the indefinite form without the particle "to" comes third in a row.

If the addition is presented in the third person, then, when translated into Russian, the sentence will begin with the word “let”.

	Translation
Let her dance with me!	Let her dance with me!
Let your brother wait in this room!	Let your (your) brother wait in this room!
Let o ur children watch this cartoon!	Let our children watch this cartoon!
Let Mike read the newspapers!	Let Mike read the papers!
Let your son drive the car!	Let your (your) son drive the car!

Often the pronoun "me" is placed immediately after the word "let". The construction “let me” in the Russian version sounds like “Let (s) me ...” and “Let (s) I ...”

Imperative with the verb "let"	Translation
Let me be your husband!	Let me be your husband!
Let me see your face!	Let me see your face!
Let me take my luggage!	Come on, I'll take his luggage!
Let me be a child!	Let(s) me be a child!
Let me write the essay!	Let me write an essay!

The most common way to use the verb "let" is to combine it with the objective object "us". "Let us" or, in short form, "let's" symbolize the involvement of the speaker in the performance of the required actions. It translates as "Let's..."

Consider an example in a table:

Imperative with the verb "let"	Translation
Let's come to our friends' café tomorrow morning!	Let's go to our friends cafe tomorrow morning!
Let's buy the airplane tickets to Costa Rica!	Let's buy plane tickets to Costa Rica!
Let's sell out our flat in the center of the city!	Let's sell our apartment in the city center!
Let's move to the ocean!	Let's go to the ocean!
Let's visit your brother in Japan!	Let's visit your brother in Japan!

For imperative sentences with the word "let", using the auxiliary verb "shall", you can put a question that sounds like an invitation, for example:

Imperative with the verb "let"	Translation	Question with the auxiliary verb "shall"	Translation
Let's go to a pub!	Let's go to the pub!	Shall we go to a pub?	Shall we go to the pub?
Let's dance!	Let's Dance!	Shall we dance?	Shall we dance?
Let's listen to music!	Let's listen to music!	Shall we listen to music?	Let's listen to music?
Let's take a taxi!	Let's get a taxi!	Shall we take a taxi?	Shall we get a taxi?
Let's watch a TV-show!	Let's watch a TV show!	Shall we watch a TV-show?	Shall we watch a TV show?

Imperative mood in indirect speech

Indirect speech serves to convey information told by third parties in your own words. This variant of the transmission of incentive offers uses verbs in the indefinite form with the particle "to" or infinitive phrases.

Direct speech	Translation	Indirect speech	Translation
"Stay on the bus stop!" his mother said.	"Stay at the bus stop!" his mother said.	His mother said to stay on the bus stop.	His mom told him to stay at the bus stop.
"Look at her", our teacher said.	“Look at her,” our teacher said.	Our teacher said to look at her.	Our teacher said to look at her.
"Bring your cup to the kitchen" my father asked.	“Take your mug to the kitchen,” my father said.	My father asked to bring my cup to the kitchen.	My father asked me to take my mug to the kitchen.
"Watch out!" she cried.	"Carefully! she shouted.	She cried to watch out.	She yelled to be careful.
"Read this poem", he said.	“Read this poem,” he said.	He said to read this poem.	He said to read this poem.

If the imperative mood in direct speech is used in a negative form, then in indirect narration the particle "not" will come before the infinitive.

Direct speech	Translation	Indirect speech	Translation
"Don't make a dial! » the boss ordered.	"Don't make a deal!" the boss ordered.	The boss ordered not to make a dial.	The boss ordered not to make a deal.
"Don't leave me", she said.	"Don't leave me," she said.	She said not to leave her.	She said not to leave her.
"Don't stay alone", my friend said.	"Don't be alone," said my friend.	My friend said not to stay alone.	My friend said not to be alone.
"Don't believe him!", my wife asked.	"Do not trust him!" my wife asked.	My wife asked not to believe him.	My wife asked me not to believe him.

Exercises

You can do exercises on the imperative mood with answers.

Conclusion

The imperative mood of the verb is an important speech form, without which it is difficult to manage in the process of communication. Its use presupposes the observance of a certain structure of the formation of phrases and ways of their use.

Remember: