Acceptable working conditions include: Unified classification of working conditions according to the factors of the working environment. Optimal working conditions

The workplace is considered certified if there are no (or correspond to permissible values) dangerous and harmful production factors at the workplace, and the requirements for injury risk are met.

When classifying working conditions as class 3, the workplace is recognized as conditionally certified with an indication of the corresponding class and degree of hazard (3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.0 - for injury risk) and making proposals to bring it into line with regulatory requirements for labor protection.

When classifying working conditions as class 4, the workplace is recognized as uncertified and is subject to liquidation or re-equipment.

The results of the work of the attestation commission of the organization are documented in the protocol of attestation of workplaces in terms of working conditions. Attached to the protocol:

• job attestation cards for working conditions;
• a summary sheet of jobs and the results of their certification in terms of working conditions in the organization;
• summary table of classes of working conditions;
• action plan to improve and improve working conditions.

Workplace attestation documents are strictly accountable materials and are subject to storage for 45 years.

State control over employers' compliance with the "Procedure for attestation of workplaces for working conditions" is carried out by the federal executive body authorized to supervise and control compliance with labor legislation and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms, and its territorial bodies (state labor inspectorates in the subjects of the Russian Federation).

The legislator imposes stringent requirements on the working conditions at each workplace, distinguishing 4 classes of working conditions according to the degree of harmfulness (optimal, permissible, harmful and dangerous). The second class includes permissible working conditions.

Read also:

What additional payment can a personnel officer apply for,

• The right to safe and healthy working conditions as an element of the right to fair working conditions

What are the acceptable working conditions in the workplace?

Only those that are recognized as safe cannot cause diseases, provided that the employee complies with the established rest regimen. To determine whether the workplace corresponds to the permissible class of working conditions 2 - a special assessment (certification) is carried out. The degree of danger of the duties performed by the workers should be reflected in the employment contract only after an appropriate assessment. Permissible working conditions after certification can be reclassified into harmful and dangerous (unacceptable or extreme).

Permissible class of working conditions

Working conditions - all factors of the labor process and the working environment that can affect the health of an employee and his ability to work.

What working conditions in the workplace are acceptable and do not entail negative consequences for human health? According to the classification, the 2nd class of working conditions is recognized as acceptable if:

• all influencing harmful and (or) dangerous production factors during the performance of labor duties cannot affect the productivity of the employee and his health. That is, a person is not exposed to traumatic situations, therefore, does not use special protective equipment.
• the levels of exposure to these factors do not exceed the established hygienic standards for a particular workplace.

What are the acceptable working conditions in the workplace? For example, a person does not breathe harmful fumes, does not come into contact with hazardous chemicals, while performing duties, the normal temperature and humidity in the building / workshop are maintained.

Permissible working conditions are such conditions under which a person has the opportunity to fully restore strength by the next shift / working day (the optimal rest regimen is observed).

What are the acceptable working conditions in the workplace? Those that do not negatively affect the health of the employee himself and his immediate environment (family, children) in the short or long term. That is, even after long work, the employee does not acquire any serious diseases that require medical treatment.

Permissible class of working conditions 1 - optimal conditions for an employee, under which there is no harm to health, nothing affects his performance. In fact, this is complete safety for the employee.

To officially confirm the safety of the workplace, a special assessment will be required.

Based on hygienic criteria, working conditions are divided into 4 classes: optimal, permissible, harmful and dangerous.

Optimal working conditions (grade 1) - such conditions under which the health of workers is preserved and prerequisites are created for maintaining a high level of efficiency. Optimal standards of production factors are established for microclimatic parameters and factors of the labor process. For other factors, such working conditions are conditionally considered optimal if there are no unfavorable factors or do not exceed the levels accepted as safe for the population.

Permissible conditions labor (grade 2) are characterized by such levels of environmental factors and the labor process that do not exceed the established hygienic standards for workplaces. Possible changes in the functional state of the body are restored during a regulated rest or by the beginning of the next shift, and should not have an adverse effect (in the near and long term) on the health of workers and their offspring. Permissible working conditions are conditionally classified as safe.

Literature

Guide R 2.2.755-99. Hygienic criteria for assessing and classifying working conditions in terms of harmfulness and danger of factors in the working environment, the severity and intensity of the labor process.

1. Working conditions according to the degree of harmfulness and (or) danger are divided into four classes - optimal, permissible, harmful and dangerous working conditions.

2. Optimal working conditions (class 1) are working conditions under which the impact on the employee of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors is absent or the levels of exposure to which do not exceed the levels established by the standards (hygienic standards) of working conditions and accepted as safe for humans , and prerequisites are created to maintain a high level of employee performance.

3. Permissible working conditions (grade 2) are working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the levels of exposure of which do not exceed the levels established by the standards (hygienic standards) of working conditions, and the altered functional state of the employee's body is restored during a regulated rest or by the beginning of the next working day (shift).

4. Harmful working conditions (class 3) are working conditions under which the levels of exposure to harmful and (or) hazardous production factors exceed the levels established by the standards (hygienic standards) of working conditions, including:

1) subclass 3.1 (harmful working conditions of the 1st degree) - working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, after exposure to which the altered functional state of the employee's body is restored, as a rule, with a longer period than before the start of the next working day (shift), cessation of exposure to these factors, and the risk of damage to health increases;

2) subclass 3.2 (harmful working conditions of the 2nd degree) - working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the levels of exposure to which can cause persistent functional changes in the employee's body, leading to the emergence and development of initial forms of occupational diseases or occupational diseases of mild severity (without loss of professional ability to work) arising after prolonged exposure (fifteen or more years);

3) subclass 3.3 (harmful working conditions of the 3rd degree) - working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the levels of exposure to which can cause persistent functional changes in the employee's body, leading to the emergence and development of occupational diseases of mild and moderate severity (with loss of professional ability to work) during the period of employment;

4) subclass 3.4 (harmful working conditions of the 4th degree) - working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the levels of exposure to which can lead to the emergence and development of severe forms of occupational diseases (with loss of general ability to work) in the period labor activity.

5. Hazardous working conditions (class 4) are working conditions under which the employee is exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the levels of exposure to which during the whole working day (shift) or part of it can endanger the life of the employee, and the consequences of exposure These factors cause a high risk of developing an acute occupational disease during the period of employment.

6. In the event that employees employed in workplaces with harmful working conditions use effective personal protective equipment that has passed mandatory certification in the manner established by the relevant technical regulation, the class (subclass) of working conditions may be reduced by the commission based on the conclusion of an expert of an organization conducting a special assessment of working conditions, one degree in accordance with the methodology approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of labor, in agreement with the federal executive body responsible for organizing and implementing federal state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, and taking into account the opinion of the Russian tripartite commission for the regulation of social and labor relations.

7. By agreement with the federal executive body responsible for the organization and implementation of federal state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, it is allowed to reduce the class (subclass) of working conditions by more than one degree in accordance with

working conditions - it is a combination of factors of the working environment and the labor process that affect the health and performance of a person in the labor process.

In accordance with GOST 12.0.002-80, four groups of labor activity factors are distinguished:

physical factors including microclimatic parameters and dustiness of the air environment, all types of radiation, vibroacoustic characteristics of the workplace and lighting quality;

• - chemical factors including some substances of a biological nature;
• - biological factors which include pathogenic microorganisms, protein preparations, as well as preparations containing living cells and spores of microorganisms;
• - labor process factors.

Working conditions under which the impact on the worker of harmful and dangerous production factors is excluded or their level does not exceed hygienic standards , called safe working conditions.

Working conditions are generally assessed in four classes (Fig. 2.1). Safe working conditions are optimal (class 1) and acceptable (class 2) conditions.

Optimal (comfortable) working conditions (grade 1) provide maximum productivity and minimum tension of the human body. This class is set only for the assessment of microclimate parameters

Rice. 2.1.

and labor process factors. For other factors, such working conditions are considered conditionally optimal, under which adverse factors do not exceed safe limits for the population.

Permissible working conditions (grade 2) are characterized by such levels of environmental and labor process factors that do not exceed the levels established by hygienic standards for bridge workers. Possible changes in the functional state of the body are restored during a regulated rest or by the beginning of the next shift and should not have an adverse effect in the near and long term on the health of the worker and his offspring. The optimal and permissible classes correspond to safe working conditions.

Harmful working conditions (Grade 3) are characterized by the presence of production factors that exceed hygienic standards and have an adverse effect on the body of the worker and (or) his offspring. Depending on the level of exceeding the standards, the factors of this class are divided into four degrees of harmfulness:

• 3.1 - causing reversible functional changes in the body;
• 3.2 - leading to persistent functional disorders and morbidity;
• 3.3 - leading to the development of occupational pathology in a mild form and the growth of chronic diseases;
• 3.4 - leading to the emergence of pronounced forms of occupational diseases, a significant increase in chronic diseases and a high level of morbidity with temporary disability.

Traumatic (extreme) working conditions (Grade 4), at which the levels of production factors are such that their impact during the working shift or part of it creates a threat to life and (or) a high risk of severe forms of acute occupational diseases.

Work in conditions of non-compliance with regulatory requirements is possible only with a reduction in the time of exposure to harmful production factors, i.e. reduction of the work shift - time protection.

The degree of harmfulness of working conditions of the 3rd class is determined by the sum of the values ​​of the actual degrees of harmfulness, severity and intensity of labor: hf =Xf1 + Xf2 + + Xfp = ^ Df,-. The number of points for each factor Xf| is presented in the card of working conditions, taking into account the duration of its action during the change of LGF! = xst) 7), where lgst1 - the degree of harmfulness of the factor or the severity of work, established according to the indications of the hygienic classification of labor: 7) = Tf | / trs - the ratio of the time of action of this factor Tf, to the duration of the work shift trs; if tf1 > trs, then 7) =1.0.

Depending on the actual state of working conditions, the heads of enterprises and organizations, in agreement with the trade unions, establish an additional payment in the amount of 4-24% of the tariff rate. Surcharges are established for specific jobs and are accrued to workers for the time of actual employment in these jobs. By agreement with the trade union, temporarily for up to one year, the amount of additional payments may be higher than established by the calculation, but not more than 12% for difficult and harmful working conditions and 24% for jobs with especially difficult and especially harmful working conditions.