The problem of the influence of the beauty of nature on a person (K. G. Paustovsky “Central Russia is an extraordinary country. Enough to see ...”) (USE in Russian). The influence of nature on a person (USE in Russian) Examples of the impact of nature on a person arguments

Everyone knows that man and nature are inextricably linked, and we observe it every day. This is a breath of wind, and sunsets and sunrises, and the ripening of buds on trees. Society was formed under its influence, personalities developed, art was formed. But we also have a reciprocal influence on the world around us, but most often negative. The problem of ecology was, is and will always be relevant. So, many writers touched on it in their works. This selection lists the brightest and strongest arguments from world literature that touch on the problems of the mutual influence of nature and man. They are available for download in table format (link at the end of the article).

1. Astafiev Victor Petrovich, "Tsar-fish". This is one of the most famous works of the great Soviet writer Viktor Astafiev. The main theme of the story is the unity and opposition of man and nature. The writer points out that each of us is responsible for what he has done and what is happening in the world around him, whether good or bad. The work also touches upon the problem of large-scale poaching, when a hunter, not paying attention to prohibitions, kills and thereby wipes out entire species of animals from the face of the earth. Thus, by pushing his hero Ignatich and mother nature in the person of the Tsar Fish, the author shows that the destruction of our habitat by our own hands threatens the death of our civilization.
2. Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich, "Fathers and Sons". The neglect of nature is also considered in Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons". Yevgeny Bazarov, an inveterate nihilist, declares bluntly: "Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it." He does not enjoy the environment, does not find anything mysterious and beautiful in it, any manifestation of it is nothing for him. In his opinion, "nature should be useful, this is its purpose." He believes that it is necessary to take away what she gives - this is the inviolable right of each of us. As an example, we can recall the episode when Bazarov, being in a bad mood, went into the forest and broke branches and everything else that came across his path. Neglecting the world around him, the hero fell into the trap of his own ignorance. Being a physician, he never made great discoveries, nature did not give him the keys to her secret locks. He died from his own indiscretion, becoming a victim of a disease for which he never invented a vaccine.
3. Vasiliev Boris Lvovich, “Do not shoot at white swans”. In his work, the author urges people to treat nature more carefully, opposing two brothers. The forester of the reserve by the name of Buryanov, despite his responsible work, perceives the world around him only as a resource for consumption. He easily and completely without a twinge of conscience cut down trees in the reserve in order to build a house for himself, and his son Vova was completely ready to torture the puppy he found to death. Fortunately, Vasiliev contrasts him with Yegor Polushkin, his cousin, who, with all the kindness of his soul, protects the natural habitat, and it’s good that there are still people who care about nature and strive to preserve it.

Humanism and love for the environment

1. Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea. In his philosophical story "The Old Man and the Sea", which was based on a true event, the great American writer and journalist touched on many topics, one of which is the problem of the relationship between man and nature. The author in his work shows a fisherman who serves as an example of how to treat the environment. The sea feeds the fishermen, but voluntarily yields only to those who understand the elements, its language and life. Santiago also understands the responsibility that the hunter bears in front of the halo of his habitat, feels guilty for extorting food from the sea. He is weighed down by the thought that a man kills his fellows in order to feed himself. This is how you can understand the main idea of ​​the story: each of us must understand our inextricable connection with nature, feel guilty before it, and as long as we are responsible for it, guided by reason, the Earth tolerates our existence and is ready to share its riches.
2. Nosov Evgeny Ivanovich, "Thirty grains". Another work confirming that a humane attitude towards other living beings and nature is one of the main virtues of people is the book “Thirty Grains” by Evgeny Nosov. It shows the harmony between man and animal, the little titmouse. The author clearly demonstrates that all living beings are brothers in origin, and we need to live in friendship. Titmouse at first was afraid to make contact, but she realized that in front of her was not the one who would catch and the ban in the cage, but the one who would protect and help.
3. Nekrasov Nikolay Alekseevich, “Grandfather Mazai and Hares”. This poem is familiar to every person since childhood. It teaches us to help our smaller brothers, to take care of nature. The main character, Grandfather Mazai, is a hunter, which means that hares should be for him, first of all, prey, food, but his love for the place where he lives turns out to be higher than the opportunity to get an easy trophy. He not only saves them, but also warns them not to come across him while hunting. Isn't this a high feeling of love for mother nature?
4. Antoine de Saint-Exupery, The Little Prince. The main idea of ​​the work sounds in the voice of the protagonist: “I got up, washed myself, put myself in order and immediately put your planet in order.” Man is not a king, not a king, and he cannot control nature, but he can take care of it, help, follow its laws. If every inhabitant of our planet followed these rules, then our Earth would be completely safe. It follows from this that we need to take care of her, treat her more carefully, because all living things have a soul. We have tamed the Earth and must be responsible for it.

The problem of ecology

• Rasputin Valentin "Farewell to Mother". The strong influence of man on nature was shown in his story “Farewell to Mother” by Valentin Rasputin. On Matera, people lived in harmony with the environment, took care of the island and kept it, but the authorities needed to build a hydroelectric power station, and decided to flood the island. So, a whole animal world went under water, which no one took care of, only the inhabitants of the island felt guilty for the “betrayal” of their native land. So humanity destroys entire ecosystems due to the fact that it needs electricity and other resources necessary for modern life. It treats its conditions with awe and reverence, but completely forgets that entire species of plants and animals die and are destroyed forever due to the fact that someone needed more comfort. Today, that area has ceased to be an industrial center, factories do not work, and dying villages do not need so much energy. So those sacrifices were completely in vain.
• Aitmatov Chingiz, "The Scaffold". Destroying the environment, we destroy our life, our past, present and future - such a problem is raised in Chingiz Aitmatov's novel "The Scaffold", where the family of wolves, which is doomed to death, is the personification of nature. The harmony of life in the forest was broken by a man who came and destroys everything in his path. People arranged a hunt for saigas, and the reason for such barbarity was the fact that there was a difficulty with the meat delivery plan. Thus, the hunter thoughtlessly destroys the ecology, forgetting that he himself is part of the system, and this, in the end, will affect him.
• Astafiev Victor, "Lyudochka". This work describes the consequence of the disregard of the authorities to the ecology of the whole region. People in a polluted, waste-smelling city have become brutalized and rush at each other. They have lost naturalness, harmony in the soul, now they are ruled by conventions and primitive instincts. The main character becomes a victim of gang rape on the bank of a garbage river, where rotten waters flow - as rotten as the morals of the townspeople. No one helped or even sympathized with Luda, this indifference drove the girl to suicide. She hanged herself on a bare crooked tree, which also dies from indifference. The poisoned, hopeless atmosphere of filth and poisonous fumes reflects back on those who made it so.

The problem of the impact of nature on man. I. P. Tsybulko 2020. Option No. 14. (“If you want to understand the soul of the forest…”)

What effect does nature have on man? Can a person become better by communicating with nature? It is these questions that arise when reading the text of the Russian Soviet writer M. M. Prishvin.

Revealing the problem of the impact of nature on a person, the author relies on his own observations of such a natural phenomenon as a stream. The narrator walks along the bank of his favorite forest stream, and at this time he "sees, hears, thinks." He sees how more and more new obstacles are born on the path of water and how the stream overcomes these obstacles. The life of a stream, like the life of a person, passes "either in bubbles and foam, or in a joyful roll call among flowers and dancing shadows."
Both of these examples, complementing each other, testify to the fact that the life of a stream, like the life of a person, is like a struggle, in overcoming obstacles.

The author's position is as follows: when a person observes nature, he begins to better understand himself, because there is much in common between the life of nature and the life of man. Observations of nature help to achieve a sense of peace and harmony.

I agree with the position of the author. Indeed, nature is an inexhaustible source of thoughts and feelings. Contemplation of the surrounding world necessarily leads to the truth, helps to overcome difficulties. In Leo Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace" there is an episode where Andrei Bolkonsky, seriously wounded in the battle of Austerlitz, lies on his back on the Pratsenskaya mountain and sees an endless high sky in front of him with clouds slowly and smoothly floating across it and reveals the truth: his dreams of glory compared to the high sky were false - petty and insignificant.

In conclusion, I want to emphasize nature always has a beneficial effect on a person, leads him to discoveries, gives moral strength, helps to overcome troubles and life's hardships.

Text by M. M. Prishvin

Essay in USE format

(the problem of the influence of nature on man)

(text by Gavriil Troepolsky).

Teacher of the Russian language and literature, MBOU "Salbinskaya secondary school"

Lazareva M.V.

A lot of poems, songs, stories have been written about nature, in which the authors express admiration for the beauty of forests, fields, rivers, lakes. Let's remember Bunin, Pushkin, Lermontov, Bazhov, Fet, Tyutchev, Grin, Troepolsky, Astafiev... Each of them has his own unique world of nature.

The text of K. G. Paustovsky describes one of the secluded corners of our Motherland, a place between the forests and the Oka, which is “called Prorva”. Here the meadows “look like the sea”, “grasses stand like an impenetrable elastic wall”, the air is “thick, cool and healing”. The midnight cry of corncrakes, the trembling of the leaves of the sedge - all this causes a healing effect on the writer’s soul: “Together with fragrant, free, refreshing air, you will breathe into yourself serenity of thought, meekness of feeling, indulgence towards others and even to yourself.”

I think each of us has experienced something similar in our lives, so it's hard not to agree that nature can change our inner world, make people kinder, better.

We can say with confidence that the problem of the influence of nature on man will remain relevant at all times. In the poem of the outstanding poet of the 19th century M. Yu. Lermontov we read:

When the yellowing field worries,
And the fresh forest rustles at the sound of the breeze...

Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God.

It describes an amazing property of nature - to bring harmony into life, to make it possible to forget anxieties and worries, to give strength to live on.

A. S. Pushkin also admires this truly magical world of nature. For example, in one of the poems (“Autumn”) we have a beautiful image of fading nature:

Sad time! Oh charm!

Your farewell beauty is pleasant to me -

I loveImagnificentnaturewithering,

Forests clad in crimson and gold…

It is impossible to take your eyes off the magnificent scenery. This picture is full of colors, it pleases, but at the same time it becomes a little sad, because winter will come soon ...

Of course, you can describe nature in different ways, but in one thing all these descriptions will be similar: nature cannot leave anyone indifferent, because this is a world of charm.

(293 words)

PAUSTOVSKY - MESHHERSKAYA SIDE -

LUGA

Between the forests and the Oka, water meadows stretch in a wide belt.

At dusk, the meadows look like the sea. As in the sea, the sun sets in the grass, and signal lights on the banks of the Oka burn like beacons. Just as in the sea, fresh winds blow over the meadows, and the high sky has turned over like a pale green bowl.

In the meadows, the old channel of the Oka stretches for many kilometers. His name is Provo.

It is a dead, deep and motionless river with steep banks. The shores are overgrown with tall, old, three-girth, blackberry, hundred-year-old willows, wild roses, umbrella grasses and blackberries.

We called one stretch on this river "Fantastic Abyss", because nowhere and none of us have seen such huge, two human height, burdocks, blue thorns, such a tall lungwort and horse sorrel and such gigantic puffball mushrooms as on this reach.

The density of grasses in other places on the Prorva is such that it is impossible to land on the shore from a boat - the grasses stand as an impenetrable elastic wall. They repel a person. Herbs are intertwined with treacherous blackberry loops, hundreds of dangerous and sharp snares.

There is often a light haze over Prorva. Its color changes with the time of day. In the morning it is a blue fog, in the afternoon it is a whitish haze, and only at dusk the air over the Prorva becomes transparent, like spring water. The foliage of the black-spotted trees barely trembles, pink from the sunset, and Prorva pikes are loudly beating in the whirlpools.

In the mornings, when you can't walk ten steps across the grass without getting wet to the skin with dew, the air on Prorva smells of bitter willow bark, grassy freshness, and sedge. It is thick, cool and healing.

Every autumn I spend on Prorva in a tent for many days. To get a glimpse of what Prorva is, at least one Prorva day should be described. I come to Prorva by boat. I have a tent, an ax, a lantern, a backpack with groceries, a sapper shovel, some utensils, tobacco, matches and fishing accessories: fishing rods, donks, traps, vents and, most importantly, a jar of leaf worms. I collect them in the old garden under heaps of fallen leaves.

On Prorva, I already have my favorite places, always very remote places. One of them is a sharp turn of the river, where it overflows into a small lake with very high banks overgrown with vines.

There I pitch a tent. But first of all, I carry hay. Yes, I confess, I haul hay from the nearest haystack, but I haul it very deftly, so that even the most experienced eye of the old collective farmer will not notice any flaw in the haystack. I put hay under the canvas floor of the tent. Then when I leave, I take it back.

The tent must be pulled so that it buzzes like a drum. Then it must be dug in so that during rain the water flows into the ditches on the sides of the tent and does not wet the floor.

The tent is set up. It's warm and dry. Lantern "bat" hanging on a hook. In the evening I light it and even read in a tent, but I usually don’t read for long - there are too many interferences on Prorva: either a corncrake will start screaming behind a neighboring bush, then a pood fish will strike with a cannon roar, then a willow rod will deafeningly shoot in a fire and scatter sparks, then over a crimson glow will begin to flare up in thickets and a gloomy moon will rise over the expanses of the evening earth. And immediately the corncrakes subside and the bittern ceases to buzz in the swamps - the moon rises in a wary silence. She appears as the owner of these dark waters, hundred-year-old willows, mysterious long nights.

Tents of black willows hang overhead. Looking at them, you begin to understand the meaning of old words. Obviously, such tents in former times were called "canopy". Under the shade of willows...

And for some reason, on such nights, you call the constellation of Orion Stozhary, and the word "midnight", which in the city sounds, perhaps, like a literary concept, acquires a real meaning here. This darkness under the willows, and the brilliance of the September stars, and the bitterness of the air, and the distant fire in the meadows, where the boys guard the horses driven into the night - all this is midnight. Somewhere in the distance, a watchman strikes the clock on a rural belfry. He beats for a long time, measured - twelve strokes. Then another dark silence. Only occasionally on the Oka will a towing steamer scream in a sleepy voice.

The night drags on slowly; there seems to be no end to it. Sleep on autumn nights in a tent is strong, fresh, despite the fact that you wake up every two hours and go out to look at the sky - to find out if Sirius has risen, if you can see the dawn strip in the east.

The night is getting colder with each passing hour. By dawn, the air already burns the face with a slight frost, the panels of the tent, covered with a thick layer of crisp frost, sag a little, and the grass turns gray from the first matinee.

It's time to get up. In the east, dawn is already pouring with a quiet light, huge outlines of willows are already visible in the sky, the stars are already fading. I go down to the river, wash from the boat. The water is warm, it seems even slightly heated.

The sun is rising. Frost is melting. Coastal sands turn dark with dew.

I boil strong tea in a smoked tin teapot. Hard soot is similar to enamel. Willow leaves burnt in a fire float in a teapot.

I have been fishing all morning. I check from the boat the ropes that have been placed across the river since the evening. First there are empty hooks - ruffs have eaten all the bait on them. But then the cord stretches, cuts the water, and a living silver shine appears in the depths - this is a flat bream walking on a hook. Behind him is a fat and stubborn perch, then a little pike with yellow piercing eyes. The pulled fish seems to be ice cold.

Aksakov's words relate entirely to these days spent on the Prorva:

“On a green flowering shore, over the dark depths of a river or lake, in the shade of bushes, under the tent of a gigantic oskor or curly alder, quietly trembling with its leaves in a bright mirror of water, imaginary passions will subside, imaginary storms will subside, self-loving dreams will crumble, unrealizable hopes will scatter. Nature will enter into her eternal rights.Together with fragrant, free, refreshing air, you will breathe into yourself serenity of thought, meekness of feeling, indulgence towards others and even to yourself.

Osokor - poplar

Paustovsky K.G. Meshcherskaya side

• The beauty of nature encourages not only to admire it, but also to think about philosophical topics
• The murmur of the river, the singing of birds, the breath of the wind - all this helps to restore peace of mind
• Admiration for the beauty of nature can cause a burst of creativity, inspire the creation of masterpieces.
• Even a rude person is able to see something positive in nature.

Arguments

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The wounded Andrei Bolkonsky, lying on the battlefield, sees the sky of Austerlitz. The beauty of the sky changes his worldview: the hero understands that "everything is empty, everything is a lie." What he lived before seemed to him insignificant and insignificant. The beauty of nature cannot be compared with the cruel, embittered faces of howling people, the sound of gunshots and explosions. Napoleon, whom Prince Andrei had previously considered an idol, seemed no longer a great, but an insignificant person. The magnificent sky of Austerlitz helped Andrei Bolkonsky to understand himself, to reconsider his views on life.

E. Hemingway "The Old Man and the Sea". In the work, we see the sea as it is for the old fisherman Santiago. The sea not only provides him with food, but also brings joy to the life of this person, makes him strong, as if supplying energy reserves from some invisible sources. Santiago is grateful to the sea. The old man admires him like a woman. The soul of the old fisherman is beautiful: Santiago is able to admire the beauty of nature, despite the hardships of his existence.

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". Everyone tends to perceive nature in their own way. If for the nihilist Yevgeny Bazarov the surrounding world is a workshop, an object of practice, then for Arkady Kirsanov, nature is primarily beautiful. Arkady liked to walk in the woods. Nature attracted him, helped him to come to inner balance, to heal spiritual wounds. The hero admired nature, although he did not admit it, because at first he also called himself a nihilist. The ability to perceive the beauty of nature is part of the hero's character, making him a real person, able to see the best in the world around him.

Jack London Martin Eden. Many of the works of the novice writer Martin Eden are based on what he saw on the voyages. These are not only life stories, but also the natural world. Martin Eden does his best to express the splendor he saw on paper. And over time, he manages to write in such a way as to convey all the charm of nature as it really is. It turns out that for Martin Eden the beauty of nature becomes a source of inspiration, an object of creativity.

M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" Callousness and selfishness in relation to people do not prevent Grigory Pechorin from being reverent about nature. Everything was important for the soul of the hero: spring trees at the time of flowering, a slight gust of wind, majestic mountains. Pechorin wrote in his journal: "It's fun to live in such a land!" He wanted to fully express the feelings that the beauty of nature evoked in him.

A.S. Pushkin "Winter Morning". With admiration, the great poet describes the landscape of a winter day. Turning to the lyrical heroine, he writes about nature in such a way that it comes to life before the reader. The snow lies in "splendid carpets", the room is illuminated with an "amber sheen" - everything indicates that the weather is really wonderful. A.S. Pushkin not only felt the beauty of nature, but also conveyed it to the reader by writing this beautiful poem. The beauty of nature is one of the sources of inspiration for the poet.

Human and nature.

The problem of the harmful influence of man on nature; consumer attitude towards it.

How does man influence nature? What can such an attitude towards nature lead to?

1) A thoughtless, cruel attitude towards nature can lead to its death; the destruction of nature leads to the death of man and mankind.

2) Nature turns from a temple into a workshop; she was defenseless before the man, dependent on him.

3) The relationship between man and nature is often inharmonious, man destroys nature, thereby destroying himself.

V. Astafiev "Tsar-fish"

V. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera", "Fire"

V. Belov "Bobrish eel", "Spring", "At home"

Ch. Aitmatov "Scaffold"

B. Vasiliev "Do not shoot at white swans"

2. The problem of lack of relationship between man and nature.

- How is it shown? What does it threaten?

1) Man is a part of nature, constitutes a single whole with it, and the rupture of this connection ultimately leads to the death of mankind.

2) Direct, immediate contact of a person with the earth is necessary. Psychological and spiritual isolation between man and the earth is much more dangerous than physical.

V. Astafiev "Starodub"

V. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera"

A. Fet "Learn from them - from oak, from birch ..."

M. Yu. Lermontov "when the yellowing field is agitated ..."

3. The problem of the beneficial influence of nature on man.

How does nature influence man?

Nature is able to ennoble and revive the human soul, to reveal its best qualities.

L. N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" (episode about oak and Andrei)

L. N. Tolstoy "Cossacks"

Y. Nagibin "Winter Oak"

V. Astafiev "Drop"

K. Paustovsky "Squeaky floorboards"

Quotes.

I. Vasiliev : “A person most likely breaks off moral anchors when he leaves his native land, when he stops seeing, feeling and understanding it. It seems to be disconnected from the source that feeds it.

V. P. Astafiev : "The most dangerous poacher in the soul of each of us."

V. Rasputin : “To speak today about ecology means to speak not only about changing life, as before, but about saving it.”

R. Rozhdestvensky : "Less the environment, more and more the environment."

John Donne : “There is no person who would be like an island on its own; each person is part of the land, part of the mainland, and if a coastal cliff is blown into the sea by a wave, Europe will become smaller ... Therefore, never ask for whom the bell tolls: it tolls for you.

V. P. Astafiev : "Three dangers of the destruction of mankind exist, in my opinion, in the world today: nuclear, ecological and the danger associated with the destruction of culture."

V. Fedorov : To save yourself and the world,

We need, without wasting years,

Forget all cults

An infallible cult of nature.