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Many people think that sensitive skin is such a type of skin. It's not like that at all. Sensitivity is an inadequate (not normal) skin reaction to various factors. Typical symptoms of sensitivity are irritation, redness, a feeling of tension, peeling and itching. They appear as a reaction to cosmetic procedures, as well as to cold, sun or polluted air.

Reminder for those with sensitive skin

So, if you are the owner of sensitive skin, it is useful for you to know:

To prevent irritation caused by bacteria, try adding a little vinegar to your bath. This tool is especially useful in the summer. When it comes to choosing cosmetics, give preference to several dermatologist-approved manufacturers.

If possible, drinks containing caffeine and alcohol, as well as spicy foods, should be excluded from the diet. It is also worth avoiding those products that include potential allergens.

Be sure to wear sunscreen, even during the winter months. Refuse to use new cosmetics without first testing it. To check, apply a little product to the bend of the elbow and observe the reaction of the skin over the next day.

It is important to choose the right moisturizer, which contains natural oils and does not contain any fragrances. To moisturize the skin well and provide it with proper nutrition, moisturizers must be applied in several layers.

Caring for this type of skin involves drinking plenty of pure water (about 2-3 liters daily). Do not abuse cleansers: removing the protective barrier, you open the way for dirt and bacteria.

Masks for sensitive skin

Masks are one of the most effective beauty treatments. According to experts, masks act on the skin much more energetically than creams and other cosmetics. But you need to remember that for sensitive skin, softening and nourishing masks should be chosen. They nourish the skin, accelerate metabolic processes, give the face freshness. Make masks should be at least 1-2 times a week.

Rules for the use of masks

It must be remembered that homemade masks for sensitive skin must be used very carefully so as not to harm yourself. The rules are simple, but require strict adherence.

• Any mask should be tested for at least 20 minutes on the crook of the elbow or wrist. If after this period of time irritation and itching do not appear, the mask can be safely applied.
• It is not necessary to cleanse the skin with scrubs before applying the mask: they can injure it.
• Do not apply masks on sensitive skin with a thick layer: its thin skin will not withstand such a load.
• As soon as you feel the slightest burning sensation under the mask, immediately stop the procedure.
• There is no need to overexpose such masks on the face: 10-15 minutes is usually enough for their full effect on the cells.
• It is recommended to wash off masks for sensitive skin with lukewarm water and do not dry yourself with a towel after washing, so as not to injure the skin.
• After the mask, be sure to apply your daily nourishing (or protective) cream to the skin to consolidate the result.

Only with strict observance of all these rules can we expect the effect of masks for sensitive facial skin prepared at home.

Mask Recipes

Cottage cheese face mask for sensitive skin

Mix homemade cottage cheese (2 tablespoons) with warm low-fat milk (1 tablespoon), cucumber pulp (1 tablespoon). Action time - 15 minutes. Frequency of use - 1 time per week.

Mask with sour cream

Mix the pre-beaten yolk of one egg with two tablespoons of sour cream, add a teaspoon of carrot juice. Apply the mask on your face and leave for fifteen minutes.

Mask of cottage cheese, milk, banana and carrots

For sensitive skin, a mask made from cottage cheese, milk, banana and carrots will be useful. For this purpose, take 1 tbsp. cottage cheese, mashed banana pulp and grated carrots, and add 2 tbsp. milk. After that, the resulting mixture is thoroughly triturated. This mask is applied for 15 minutes.

Oatmeal face mask

2 tbsp. l. ground oatmeal mixed with 3 tbsp. milk; after the flakes swell, apply the mass on the face and neck and hold for 15-20 minutes, then wash off the mask.

Carrot-egg mask

Grate 1-2 carrots, mix with 1 yolk and apply on face for 20-25 minutes.

Wash off the mask with warm boiled water. Course - 1-2 times a week.

Soothing Cabbage Mask

This mask is very useful for dehydrated, sensitive skin.

Grind a little white cabbage with a combine or a knife.

Cleanse your face with your favorite facial milk.

Then we wipe the face with olive oil with massage movements.

And only then we apply gruel from cabbage on the face.

We keep 15 minutes.

We wash ourselves with slightly warm water.

Most Common Mistakes

☀ Error 1: Stress Sensitive skin does not tolerate haste and nervous stress and reacts to them with unexpected redness, spots and itching.

Advice. You need to try to "respond" to stressful situations with exercises that discharge the nervous system. Yoga and auto-training are ideal. Therapists confidently assert that inner peace and balance can stabilize the condition of the skin for a long time.

☀ Error 2: coffee, etc. Coffee, black tea, cola, champagne? these treats are not for people with sensitive skin. They strongly stimulate blood circulation and increase nervousness. This is what leads to the appearance of red spots and irritated areas.

Advice. It is better to give up foods that increase nervous tension. It is better to drink nettle tea, four to five cups daily. This tea has a calming effect.

☀ Error 3: experiments. Women with sensitive skin often find it difficult to choose new cosmetics. Therefore, many constantly try new creams on their faces. As a result, the skin becomes more and more sensitive and one day can get completely out of control. It is necessary to abandon all experiments. Sensitive skin requires the simplest care products, and less is more. In any new product, there may be some active substance that the skin will react negatively to.

Advice. Do not use any cream during the week. This will cause discomfort only in the first few days, but then the skin will begin to use its own internal resources and its condition will improve.

☀ Error 4: peeling. Sensitive skin is naturally very delicate, finely porous, with a thin stratum corneum. The use of exfoliating products is not only unnecessary, but also burdensome for her. They make the skin even thinner and negatively affect the condition of the stratum corneum. In the worst case, the tiny exfoliating grains contained in each such product, mechanically irritating the skin, can lead to severe eczema. Intensive cleansing for sensitive skin is quite acceptable, but the method must be gentle. If, when washing, just wipe the skin with a coarse terry mitten, we can assume that this is a soft peeling.

And, of course, a very useful addition would be the periodic intake of vitamin-mineral complexes (C, E, K, H, A, group B, rutin, zinc, selenium, copper, potassium, calcium, magnesium), which will strengthen blood vessels, improve protective function of the skin and will help reduce skin sensitivity.

Sensitive facial skin brings many problems. In some cases, this is not only discomfort, but also pain. Therefore, care for sensitive facial skin must be correct in order to avoid serious problems that are difficult to correct. Even more problems with it delivers age. Let's figure out how to maintain youth and beauty.

Sensitive, delicate skin in cosmetology has a division into types that show how oily it is. After all, the fat secreted by the epidermis is largely responsible for all external manifestations on the skin. The epidermis of oily, combined and dry types is at risk, because the slightest failure in the body can lead to extreme sensitivity.

Caring for sensitive skin begins with determining its type:

1. Oily. Due to increased greasiness, enlarged pores, blackheads, pimples, uneven redness, shifting of the skin relief, unhealthy color are observed.
2. Combined. More often in the T-zone there are enlarged pores, greasiness, redness, and outside this zone - dryness, thinning and rosacea.
3. Dry. Sensitive skin of this type is the most problematic due to frequent irritation and flaking, which provoke its early aging, pallor and bright vascular network. The redness on it is extremely painful.

Distinctive features of such skin

The first sign that sensitive skin gives is peeling. Even a small impact can lead to redness and inflammation. In this case, the skin itches, burns and even swells. An irritant for her is not only the aggressive effects of the environment, but also the wrong cosmetic product, and even water.

Therefore, it is better to wash your face with water of the right temperature and without the use of soap. Cleansing should be carried out with special means that will soothe and normalize the irritated epidermis. This is especially important for people with dry mature skin.

Skin sensitivity is due to:

• heredity;
• climatic conditions (sharp temperature changes or boundaries of dry and too humid air, strong winds);
• sun rays;
• poor-quality or improperly selected cosmetics;
• cosmetic procedures of an aggressive type, such as peeling, mechanical action, steam baths, the use of a mesoscooter;
• improper diet;
• allergies;
• stress
• hormonal failure;
• as a side effect of certain medications.

Hypersensitivity leads to irreversible consequences that can only be hidden under cosmetics. But if they are abused, the situation will worsen even more. The tendency to irritation and sensitivity leads to injury to the capillaries of the epidermis, provoking their permeability and thinning. Couperosis and telangiectasia develop.

A person with such skin does not have a strong epidermal barrier, which makes the body's defenses weak, causing rashes, early age-related changes, peeling and dryness. Care for sensitive aging skin of dry type should be maximum, because it is she who is most exposed to manifestations of hypersensitivity and its consequences. When it starts to peel and crack, the pain can be overwhelming.

Important! Test to determine if you have sensitive skin: run the blunt side of a pencil or pen across your cheek. The trace of this usually disappears in a couple of minutes with a normal type of epidermis, if this does not happen, then your skin is hypersensitive.

Or maybe an allergy?

Often people confuse hypersensitivity and the manifestation of an allergic reaction, which is not surprising, because in many ways they are similar. And even more often they can be directly related to each other. If there is a suspicion of this, then it is better to undergo a special study that will show if there are irritating factors in your blood. This often happens to people who have had:

• dermatitis;
• hives;
• angioedema.

In some cases, such a reaction may be the result of taking medications or changing the diet, using new cosmetics. Therefore, any new product, drug must be tested to avoid more serious problems.

Care: rules and more

It is necessary to take care of such skin daily and carefully - the slightest oversight can be extremely sad. In order to avoid rashes, peeling, you need not only to choose the right cosmetics, but also follow certain rules for washing, cleansing and moisturizing your face.

But you need to understand that caring for dry, delicate, sensitive skin is different from caring for oily or combination. You need to take care, focusing on your type of epidermis.

Treat hypersensitive oily skin

Oily sensitive facial skin requires special attention, care for it should be based on the following 5 rules:

1. The epidermis is cleaned with cosmetics that do not contain:
   • alcohol;
   • alkali;
   • other aggressive substances.
2. If acne and pimples are present, the treatment cream should be used in small doses.
3. Cleanse the skin with a scrub only if there are soft particles in it, in order to avoid injury to the capillaries and provoke irritation.
4. In spring and summer, care cosmetics should be dominated by products with anti-comedone complexes.
5. If the cause of this condition is the wrong diet, it needs to be changed.

Care for sensitive combination skin has identical rules, but they mainly apply to the nasolabial area and forehead. The remaining parts of the face are moisturized with products suitable for their type. Often it is necessary to combine extremely opposite means.

Caring for hypersensitive dry skin

Too dry epidermis causes a lot of trouble from dryness to capillary damage. Therefore, you need to focus on the following 6 rules:

1. For washing dry and extremely sensitive skin, only slightly warm water is needed, water procedures with steam, hot and ice water are strictly prohibited.
2. In winter, summer, you need to select special means of protection from ultraviolet radiation, giving preference to preparations with filters made of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide.
3. The best moisturizer are specially tested creams and vegetable oils.
4. To clean such skin, you can not use essential compounds, acid and sorbent, which can injure it.
5. In cold weather, the face becomes extremely sensitive, so moisturizing it is not enough, additionally you need to use products to protect against low temperatures. It can be a cream, oil, milk or lotion.
6. Thin skin requires constant hydration, so it needs to be soothed with thermal water throughout the day.

Caring for hypersensitive aging skin

The older a person is, the more the skin loses its elasticity, which means that wrinkles and other problems appear. It is difficult to slow down the aging process on such skin, but if you try, you can. Depending on the type of skin, appropriate care rules should be applied, but the composition of the products should be marked “anti-aging”.

It is impossible to completely remove wrinkles, but if cleaning and moisturizing are at the level, they will become less noticeable. It is better to wash with preparations containing lactacid, which will perfectly cope with manifestations of hypersensitivity. Do not forget about home care based on folk remedies.

salon care

Any expert in cosmetology after analyzing the skin will recommend one of the procedures that are designed to adapt it to external stimuli. It is not enough to smear your face with good creams, so that their application is more effective, you need to go through the following procedures:

1. Phototherapy, which will cleanse the face of the capillary network with a laser, improve blood circulation, make the face fresher and healthier. This procedure may be a salvation, or it may not be suitable, because it has a number of contraindications, side effects and a long rehabilitation period.
2. Biorevitalization. It consists of the introduction of hyaluronic acid and other components that will increase elasticity, remove manifestations of sensitivity and improve cellular metabolism.
3. Mesotherapy. It is also an injection, but consists of extracts, vitamins and nutrients. The components are delivered to the deep layers of the dermis, which gives a more stable and effective result.

Home cosmetology

The epidermis prone to irritation can be washed and moisturized with folk remedies. Usually these are decoctions of herbs or masks based on natural products. Such treatment is carried out with honey, olive and vegetable oil, oatmeal and other products that relieve inflammation and normalize the condition of the epidermis.

But you need to be careful, because even from raspberries you can get both a life-saving remedy and the strongest allergen. The selected mask or serum must be tested, and then be used. Each component is best tested individually, then in tandem. Most often, reviews about home care products are positive, but only if they are chosen correctly.

The right choice of skin care products

Day and night creams should be just for sensitive skin. Many brands offer a whole series of products that will make delicate skin moisturized and healthy. The most positive reviews are from professional cosmetics of well-known brands such as Loreal, Vichy and others.

Do not forget about medicinal preparations that are sold in pharmacies and have passed all the necessary tests and checks.

The price range can be very different: from 300 rubles for a facial wash to 10,000 rubles - it all depends on the brand and country of origin. "Black Pearl" is produced in our country, but is cheaper than foreign analogues.

Suitable cosmetics can be counted on the fingers? Is the slightest touch to the skin surface accompanied by discomfort? Does the skin peel off, rashes bother you, do you often feel burning and itching? Perhaps you have a sensitive skin type. Do not be upset, choosing the right care for sensitive skin of the face, many unpleasant phenomena can be avoided. But first the basics...

How to recognize the problem?

Any skin type can be sensitive. The special susceptibility of the skin surface to irritants often accompanies a person all his life, but sometimes it manifests itself only at certain intervals. Signs of pathology:

• Excessively whitish shade of the skin (due to a thin layer of skin and a lack of pigment).
• A tightening sensation after performing hygiene procedures.
• Irritations that occur "out of the blue" (rashes, redness, blisters, etc.).
• Tendency to form pigment spots.
• Burning, swelling, tingling, redness and itching are felt after almost every touch of the skin.
• Strong peeling.
• Susceptibility to ultraviolet rays (leads to burns).

The situation is typical for people with blond or red hair and light eyes. The reaction can be observed on a certain part of the body (hands, face, scalp, etc.) or on the entire surface of the skin at once. If signs of sensitive facial skin are only partially present, a simple test will help determine more accurately.

Test

Draw a strip on the cheek or inner surface of the forearm with a non-sharp object (a cap from a ballpoint pen will do). The action provoked the appearance of a reddish line on the skin, mark the period of time required for the restoration of normal color. An interval of more than 2 minutes indicates increased sensitivity.

Factors that provoke changes in the dermis

Very sensitive skin can react to any external and internal influences:

• Climate change (a sharp gust of wind, frost, sunshine, dryness or high humidity, heat, etc.).
• Medications (for oral and external intake).
• Cosmetics and salon procedures (peelings, exposure to radio frequency or laser radiation, ultrasound).
• Changes in the hormonal background (change of phases of menstruation, menopause, pregnancy, pathology of the endocrine system).
• Clothing material.
• Synthetic detergents (powder, rinse aid, bleach).
• Respiratory infections, a period of weakening the body's immune forces.

The causes of skin reactions may vary, in order to normalize the situation, it is desirable to know which irritant sensitive skin reacts to and eliminate its effect completely.

How to distinguish a sensitivity reaction from an allergy

Allergies and skin sensitivity are often present in a complex, but it is necessary to distinguish them, this affects approaches to care and treatment procedures.

1. Allergy is detected in a specialized study of venous blood (immunogram).
2. In the anamnesis of a patient with allergies, other manifestations of the reaction are often found: Quincke's edema, intolerance to food, medicines, contact dermatitis, and the like.
3. An allergic reaction develops a few hours after exposure (use of cosmetics, consumption of food), sensitive skin reacts immediately or after 10-30 minutes maximum.

Nuances of care

With sensitive skin, the water temperature for hygiene procedures should be in the range of 34-35 degrees. It is advisable to douse yourself with a cool stream of water after washing (not icy and not too cold!). Excessive enthusiasm for cleansing procedures leads to a complete washing off of the lipid barrier of the skin (sebum), which leads to an even greater severity of the problem. After each hygiene procedure, you should immediately apply a special soothing and moisturizing agent.

You should follow a balanced diet, exclude the following foods:

• Coffee, caffeinated drinks.
• Carbonated sweetened drinks and sparkling mineral water.
• Unconventional spices.
• Alcohol.
• Highly allergenic foods (honey, cocoa, bright berries and fruits, citrus fruits, eggs, etc.).

It is mandatory to make an appointment with an endocrinologist or a female gynecologist-endocrinologist. The doctor will assess the hormonal balance of the body and help restore it if necessary. In addition to hormonal drugs, vasoconstrictors can be prescribed. Smoking is contraindicated for people with sensitive skin.

Face

How to take care of sensitive skin? A number of rules are known to help avoid hypersensitivity reactions and reduce discomfort.

1. Cosmetics for sensitive skin should have special designations and correspond to the type of skin, it is better to choose products labeled "hypoallergenic".
2. Lotions responsible for cleansing the skin are chosen without alcohol.
3. Soap in care is not used.
4. You should wash your face with melt water or ordinary mineral water, there is too much chlorine in the tap water.
5. If you want to remove makeup, it is advisable to do this with ordinary vegetable oils: sunflower, olive or almond.
6. The peeling procedure is carried out without acid peels, large abrasive particles, the products should not contain retinoids or glycolic acid.
7. Aromatic additives (perfumes) provoke a violent reaction of the skin; preparations with a large amount of them in the composition should be discarded.
8. Before using any remedy, it is necessary to conduct a sensitivity test (apply a small amount to the skin, evaluate the result in a day).
9. Every day, be sure to protect the skin surface from ultraviolet radiation, choose creams, lotions, milk, etc. with a maximum SPF filter. Preference is given to cosmetics with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide - they create a physical barrier to ultraviolet radiation.
10. Apply cosmetics in small portions strictly along the massage lines of the face, the movements should be patting (the pads of the ring fingers have the most minimal effect on the surface).
11. When going to a steam room, bath or sauna, the face must be covered with a thick towel.
12. You should drastically reduce the time spent in the heat, cold, under the direct rays of the sun.
13. A sensitivity reaction can begin not only to products applied directly to the skin, but also to vapors in the air. Therefore, aromatherapy falls into the stop list.
14. Solarium is prohibited.

Dry and sensitive facial skin needs a constant supply of necessary substances. Night care products should be nourishing, and daytime care products should be moisturizing (preferably one cosmetic series). Oily sensitive facial skin also causes a lot of trouble. Care should be dominated by products with a light texture (gel-creams or gels) with a moisturizing effect. This applies to both daytime and nighttime products. Combination skin requires careful selection of products:

• in the case of a combination of dry and normal, care is carried out as for dry;
• in the case of a combination of oily and normal - the funds should be for the oily type of skin;
• if a combination of oily and dry skin is observed (it is quite rare), it is better to act on different areas with various means: on areas of increased fat content - with light moisturizing cosmetics, on dry ones - with fatty nutrients.

Body

Sensitive skin of the body does not tolerate soap, alcohol-containing cosmetics, rough cleansing and similar procedures. Preference should be given to shower gels with a neutral level of acidity and soft sponges. Intensive rubbing can mechanically affect the skin, so those with sensitive skin should lightly blot the body with a soft towel.

Ordinary water can also cause great harm (the chlorine contained in it adversely affects the epidermis). There is only one way out - immediately after water procedures, lubricate the surface of the body with specialized oils or moisturizers. Baby oils for babies cope well with the task, their composition contains the maximum amount of natural ingredients and perfectly restores the lipid barrier. To avoid leaving greasy marks on garments, wait until completely absorbed before dressing.

Head

What to do with sensitive scalp? Choosing the right shampoos Ideally, you should find a hair cleanser that contains soap tree root instead of sodium lauryl sulfate and its derivatives as a surfactant. In practice, to meet such shampoos on the shelves is a rarity. If the cherished jar is still found, then it costs, as a rule, not cheap. There is a little trick, look in the department of children's cosmetics and purchase shampoo for babies. Almost every label mentions that the product is used in infants and adults with sensitive scalp dermis. The scalp responds better to children's shampoos, but expect long hair to be difficult to detangle (a detangling baby conditioner in spray form will help in this situation).

Before washing your hair, it is good to apply vegetable oils to the root area and roots. Under a warming cap, you need to withstand such a mask for at least an hour or more (some sources recommend leaving the oil on all night). Oils that are suitable for masks:

• almond;
• grape seeds;
• avocado;
• jojoba;
• burdock;
• evening primrose;
• borago;
• olive.

In extreme cases, regular sunflower oil will do. The components can be mixed, but only one ingredient should be added each time (to avoid an allergic reaction). Oil extracts of plants enrich the skin with fatty acids, restore the lipid barrier, help to soothe the scalp and prevent dandruff.

Nutrition for sensitive skin

A specialized diet can significantly affect the quality of the skin.

1. Include vegetable oils in your diet. They should be added to salads and consumed in a non-thermally processed form.
2. Use all possible vitamins in vegetables and fruits, for this, consume at least half a kilogram of fresh natural gifts every day.
3. Fiber cleanses the body of toxins, it acts like a brush from the inside. It is rich in whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables.
4. Lean meat is a supplier of valuable vitamins and minerals.
5. Fish is a storehouse of omega-3 fatty acids.

If you feel that nutrition is far from ideal, take a course of complex vitamin and mineral supplements for food.

Professional beauty treatments

Some salon procedures can affect the condition of sensitive skin and slightly adapt it to the external effects of aggressive factors.

Strengthens the wall of blood vessels, enhances tissue nutrition, helps to increase the strength of the skin.

And they are carried out in order to saturate the subcutaneous tissue with moisture and essential vitamins and minerals. and are delivered subcutaneously through small injections. They saturate the skin from the inside with all the necessary substances, make them more resistant to external influences.

Strictly contraindicated for sensitive skin are all types of peelings, exposure to the skin by massage.

In the practice of a cosmetologist, there are more and more cases when clients come with very irritated skin and rashes, which can easily fit a huge number of diseases. The most common diagnosis is “sensitive skin”!

What does sensitive skin mean, causes and how to deal with it - in detail in this article.

First of all, when making a diagnosis of "sensitive skin", it is necessary to determine the connection with the provoking factor, and this is already 50% of success in treatment! And having chosen the right care with the help of a specialist, following some recommendations in everyday life and using natural cosmetics, such a client gets the opportunity to forget about his “diseases”.

Sensitive skin- this term is suitable for skin that reacts to external and internal stimuli with the appearance of red spots or diffuse redness, peeling, inflammation, itching, burning, tingling, swelling.

Provoking factors can be:

1. Unfavorable climatic conditions (wind, cold, heat, high humidity or too dry air, temperature changes);
2. Ultra-violet rays;
3. Taking certain medications;
4. The use of cosmetic preparations;
5. Aggressive cosmetic techniques (mechanical cleaning, peeling, injection techniques, cryo-procedures and the use of thermal procedures);
6. Allergenic foods, unbalanced diets, stress, menopause, hormonal imbalance, vegetative-vascular dystonia, unfavorable heredity and much more.

With increased sensitivity(hypersensitivity) such changes occur in the skin that entail an inflammatory reaction, which is manifested by a characteristic appearance.

Skin capillaries suffer, their permeability increases, and the walls become thinner and brittle. Therefore, one of the manifestations of sensitive skin will also be rosacea- visible network of subcutaneous vessels and telangiectasia.

Besides, disruption of the epidermal barrier, which significantly reduces the protective forces of the skin and aggravates the condition. Under these conditions, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) increases - the skin becomes dry and flaky.

Hypersensitivity is most typical for people with dry skin types and the additional lack of moisture will be especially noticeable.

Skin sensitivity test

Sensitive skin can be determined in this way: run the blunt end of the pen along the inside of the forearm or along the cheek.

If a red streak appears that does not disappear after 2 minutes, the skin is prone to hypersensitivity. With a aggravated allergy history, small blisters may even occur.

Some patients may experience allergic reactions, which are sometimes difficult to distinguish from hypersensitivity of the skin, since both conditions are interrelated.

With a tendency to allergies, which will certainly be revealed during an immunological blood test, the client may report previous contact dermatitis, urticaria or Quincke's edema, intolerance to certain medications, foods, cosmetics, etc.

As a rule, they appear after 3-5 hours after applying a cosmetic product, and sensitive skin will give a hyper-response immediately, after 5-10, maximum 30 minutes. People with a burdened allergic history should be treated with great attention and only the most benign procedures should be prescribed with a mandatory allergy test.

To do this, the cosmetic product is applied to the delicate skin of the forearm, and the result is evaluated by the presence or absence of irritation during the day.

Hypersensitive skin suggests its separate form - allergic type hypersensitivity. For these people, the only care alternative is cosmetics for sensitive skin.

Clients with increased skin sensitivity it is recommended to avoid contact with factors that provoke skin hyperreaction, and also follow some rules:

• Avoiding heat, contrast and aggressive treatments.
• Do not use alcohol-based lotions, facial soaps, scrubs and high acid peels with glycolic acid and retinoids.
• Avoid aromatherapy.
• The amount of preparations applied should be small (to minimize the occurrence of a reaction from the skin).
• SPF products must be applied year-round, it is preferable to use a cream with physical filters - zinc oxide and titanium dioxide
• Avoid excessive sun exposure and temperature fluctuations(environment, food and fluids taken), too hot and too cold foods, spices, marinades, pickles, coffee, strong tea, carbonated drinks, alcohol (especially champagne), as well as foods that are allergic (these may be citrus fruits, chocolate, eggs, honey, some berries, nutritional supplements, etc.)
• Do not smoke.
• Do not get involved in the sauna and bath(temperature - up to 50°С, the face should be covered with a towel), from water procedures, a shower with a water temperature of 34-35°С is preferable, ending with dousing with slightly cool water.
• Apply vasodilators(by doctor's prescription).
• Regulate hormonal status with its imbalance (you will need to consult a gynecologist-endocrinologist).

There are some features of care for oily sensitive and dry sensitive skin.

With an excess of secreted sebum(oily skin), its fats are embedded in the lipids of the epidermal barrier (the protective structure of the epidermis), disrupting it, increasing the level of TEWL and provoking such manifestations as redness, peeling and dehydration against the background of increased greasiness of the skin and, quite often, inflammatory elements.

• Care rules
• The principle of seasonality: summer and winter care
• Rating funds

“Sensitivity is a skin condition that is characterized by an overreaction to external and internal factors,” says Alexander Prokofiev, La Roche-Posay brand expert.

Typical manifestations of such a reaction:

1. 1

   feeling of dryness and tightness, especially after washing;

2. 2

   itching and peeling;

3. 3

   redness and irritation;

4. 5

   sensations of burning and tingling;

5. 6

   rashes.

Even if you have found the main signs of sensitive skin in yourself, you should not rush to conclusions. It is best to consult with a dermatologist and cosmetologist.

Sensitive skin - thin, delicate, prone to irritation © iStock

Sometimes sensitivity turns out to be one of the signs of diseases such as dermatitis, eczema or rosacea, which require serious systemic treatment.

Sensitive is not only dry and thin, but also problematic skin. For example, if you use too "hard" aggressive products to eliminate acne or blackheads, the epidermis often reacts with irritation.

The nature of sensitivity can be hereditary or acquired. Especially if you live in a metropolis. Constant stress, unbalanced diet, dry, air-conditioned office air, temperature fluctuations in winter, improper care - all these circumstances contribute to increased skin irritability.

Dry and oily sensitive skin

Generally, there are two types of sensitive skin.

1. 1

   Thinned, prone to redness, rosacea and fine wrinkles.

2. 2

   Usually, owners of oily skin are actively struggling with excess shine and acne, sometimes being too zealous in this fight. Regular damage to the hydro-lipid layer exacerbates the problems of oily skin, adding to them dehydration, redness and flaking. At the same time, sebum begins to be produced in an enhanced mode.

What cosmetics do sensitive skin need?

When choosing the right beauty products, follow our advice.

Experiment Less

The first thing to remember is that if you have sensitive skin, experimenting is not for you. Don't blindly trust new products for dry skin or acne that your sister or friend has come up with.

Before you start using the face cleanser, apply it on the crook of your elbow and wait a day. If the skin does not react with redness or rashes, you can take it into service.

Study the composition of funds

Read the information on the labels of creams, serums, masks, tonics. In addition, when getting acquainted with new tools, it is recommended to study reviews on the Internet.

List of the most effective and safe ingredients in cosmetics for sensitive skin care.

Hyaluronic acid- Moisturizes, accelerates healing, rejuvenates the skin.

natural oils- soften, soothe, relieve irritation.

Allantoin- neutralizes irritation, restores damaged cells.

Vitamin E- antioxidant, protects and rejuvenates.

If vitamin C, retinol, or benzoyl peroxide is in the top 5 list of ingredients, do a pre-tolerance test. Such a tool with a high degree of probability can provoke irritation, redness, peeling.

Fragrance-free and dye-free formulas for sensitive skin © iStock

Look for fragrance-free cosmetics

There are up to 200 chemicals in fragrances that your skin can conflict with. Look for products labeled "fragrance-free" or "fragrance-free".

Try cosmetics with preservatives with caution. Ingredients such as parabens or methylisothiazoline can trigger allergies or aggravate existing skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis or contact dermatitis.

Be critical of eco-cosmetics

Just because a cream jar says "natural" or "organic" doesn't mean you've found the perfect product. Citrus extract or menthol can do a lot of harm to thin skin that needs constant protection.

If you are prone to allergies, there is no guarantee that pomegranate seed oil or pineapple extract will not cause an adverse skin reaction.

Exfoliate your skin gently

It is believed that scrubs are contraindicated for owners of sensitive skin, but this is not so. It is not forbidden to use them - it is necessary to help the skin get rid of dead cells and activate the production of new ones. The main thing is to find the most delicate exfoliant with the appropriate mark. Most likely, scrubs with natural abrasives like crushed apricot or raspberry pits will not work for you.

Exfoliating particles should be as smooth as possible, atraumatic for the skin. As a rule, these are granules of synthetic origin.

Choose exfoliants with delicate fruit acids. Use them no more than once every 7-10 days, otherwise you risk breaking the hydrolipidic layer of the skin and causing new redness.

Sensitive skin needs to be treated differently in summer and winter © iStock

Care rules

“Care for sensitive skin should be gentle. You should not combine products of different brands,” warns Alexander Prokofiev.

Cleansing and moisturizing

First of all, the skin needs to be cleansed. In case of hypersensitivity, dermatologists recommend washing with moderately warm water. Ideally, not tap water, but mineral or boiled (this will reduce hardness).

For cleansing, use a mild gel, milk, foam or micellar water, but not soap - it dries out the skin. After washing, do not rub your face with a towel, just blot.

Apply moisturizer (cream or fluid depending on skin type). The day cream will protect the skin, and the night cream will soothe. Centella Recovery Skin-Salve, Kiehl's, with centella asiatica and aloe vera.

Essence Life Plankton Essence Biotherm, with thermal plankton extract.

Soothing exfoliating cream Exfoliance Confort, Lancome, with honey, almond and yeast extracts.

A soothing & hydrating mask Calendula & Aloe Soothing Hydration Masque, Kiehl's, with calendula and aloe.

Calming cream Hydra Zen, SPF 15, Lancôme, with hyaluronic acid, ceramides, rose, peony and moringa extracts.

Moisturizing toner for face, neck & décolleté Equalizing Toner, SkinCeuticals, with extracts of witch hazel, thyme, cucumber, aloe and chamomile.

Soft gel cream Absolute tenderness, l'Oréal Paris, with extracts of Gallic rose and lotus.