Child his health kindergarten. Healthy lifestyle of a preschool child. The main aspects of a healthy lifestyle of a preschooler. Raising a healthy child

Learn to give gifts

Explain that congratulations are a sign of love and respect. If a child cannot overcome embarrassment, being in an unusual role, turn the gift giving into a carnival show. Reincarnation often helps children cope with shyness.

Let's dream about what your ideal kindergarten will be like? Something like a hybrid of a kids club with a development center and a healthy food restaurant? Or is it most important for you to have kind and loving caregivers who know the whole history of your child even before his birth? Or do you want the garden to be surrounded by greenery, and the outdoor playground to be rubber-coated, like in Germany? Remember that you always have a healthy child, the kindergarten should contribute to this, not hinder it.

A good kindergarten, like a theater, begins with a hanger, that is, with a locker room

The inventor of the kindergarten system was Friedrich August Wilhelm Fröbel, a student of Pestalozzi. The fact that each child should have his own locker is already an axiom, but what parents can pay attention to is the presence of drying cabinets for outerwear and a special cabinet for street toys. Already in the locker room, a good teacher will meticulously ask you about how the child slept at night, whether he was cheerful at breakfast at home - nothing personal, just the health of children in kindergarten is put in the first place, you know that it is better to notice the first symptoms of the disease earlier in order to neutralize bacilli.

Arriving at the kindergarten, before eating and after a walk, the child washes his hands with soap

This is also an axiom that you need to not only know, but also put into practice for you and the educators, because frequent hand washing is the simplest prevention of SARS. In the washroom, the little ones must have a washbasin for an adult, a children's bath, a heated towel rail, a cupboard for pots and a drain for pots. In groups for children under two years old, children's sinks are installed at a height of 30-40 cm from the floor and a children's toilet bowl, which children gradually learn to use. The cupboard for the pots is still in place. In the middle and senior groups in the washroom there is already a complete set of children's toilet bowls (if possible - separately for boys and girls) and washbasins (at least 4 pieces). In order for children to get used to hygiene, educators can hang special hint cards, where the entire sequence of proper handwashing is drawn. Or play Moidodyr.

From the washroom, the child enters the group

And here the most important requirement is safety: if furniture, then according to height, in order to keep the spine healthy, if toys, then those that cannot be hurt. Toys are washed daily at the end of the day, and in a manger - 2 times a day. Doll clothes are washed with baby soap as they get dirty and ironed.

The next place your child meets is the bedroom.

A child can come to kindergarten with a runny nose, but not with a temperature. According to the new requirements, there must be stationary beds in the bedroom, but if the kindergarten was built a certain number of years ago, then it is allowed to use folding beds, and only with a hard bottom. Both in the group and in the bedroom, the rooms are ventilated daily. Through ventilation is done for 10 minutes every 1.5 hours. And even when the children are in a group, and it's warm outside, you can leave the windows open.

Children walk in the kindergarten for at least 4-4.5 hours a day, before lunch and after sleep. In winter, you can walk with a toddler group even at a temperature of -15 degrees, only the walk in this case will be a little shorter. And children 5-7 years old can play outdoors and at a temperature of -20 degrees.

In the spring, all playgrounds do a complete change of sand. And the sandbox, while there are no children on the site, is covered with a lid, film, awning or any other material.

SARS prevention

In autumn, with the onset of the flu season, health in kindergarten is maintained through timely prevention of viral infections.

What does it mean?

During wet cleaning in the bedroom and group, add essential oils of coniferous trees to the water.

In the morning in the locker room and in the afternoon in the bedroom, turn on a bactericidal quartz lamp (but only in rooms where there are no plants or animals).

After eating, give children an infusion of medicinal herbs for rinsing

St. John's wort and chamomile, calendula and eucalyptus have a strong antibacterial effect. Infusions and decoctions are usually prepared centrally and distributed among groups in decanters, at the rate of 30 g of infusion per child.

Both in the kindergarten and at home, the child should use disposable handkerchiefs.

At home, as a prevention of SARS, you can also use a special therapeutic drug Children's Anaferon. If the child is small and is just starting to go to kindergarten, or is often sick, then it is recommended to take Anaferon for three months, 1 tablet per day, preferably in the morning, 15-30 minutes before breakfast.

We talked about the most general requirements that must be observed in any garden - municipal, private, departmental.

Healthy kindergarten in numbers

• The kindergarten accepts children aged from 2 months to 7 years.
• There should be at least 25 m from the kindergarten building to the nearest road.
• The area of ​​the groups is calculated according to the principle - 7.2 square meters. m for 1 child in a nursery, 9 sq. m - in the older groups.
• The maximum number of children in the kindergarten is 350 people.
• In winter, the temperature in the group should not be lower than 22 degrees, and the humidity should not be less than 40%.
• The ratio of proteins, fats, carbohydrates should be 1:1:4, respectively.
• You should walk at least 4-4.5 hours a day.
• The weight of toys for children under 3 years old cannot exceed 100 g, for children under 7 years old - 400 g.

How many children can be in a group?

• From 2 months to 1 year - up to 10 people;
• from 1 to 3 years - up to 15 people;
• in the age group, from 2 months to 3 years - 8 people;
• from 3 to 7 years - no more than 30 people (optimal - 15 people);
• in a mixed age group, from 3 to 7 years old - up to 10 people;

Health Week is a wonderful tradition of preschool and secondary educational institutions. Children often talk about the importance of a proper lifestyle and playing sports, good habits are constantly promoted. But most of all, the kids are motivated to move towards a healthy lifestyle by an unusual form of events. During the Health Week, games and educational activities are held, various types of children's activities are combined - everything that children like.

What is Health Week

Preserving and strengthening the health of pupils is one of the main goals of the pedagogical process in preschool educational institutions. Environmental problems, information overload, stressful situations - these and many other unfavorable factors of modern life affect the physical and mental state of children. Kindergarten workers (teachers, a nurse, a physical education instructor, a music director, teachers of creative circles and sports sections in the kindergarten) constantly promote an active and healthy lifestyle.

The Federal State Educational Standard (FGOS) set out to create such an educational environment in kindergarten that:

• guarantees the protection and strengthening of the physical and mental health of children;
• ensures the emotional well-being of children<…>

Federal State Educational Standard dated October 17, 2013

Classes in kindergarten are aimed at strengthening the physical and emotional health of children

Health Week in kindergarten is a set of interesting events for every day of the week, the purpose of which is to maintain positive motivation for a healthy lifestyle among preschoolers and their parents. Thematic classes are perceived by children as a bright event in the life of the kindergarten. The guys see that all groups take part in the preparation and holding of the Health Week, the team becomes united by a common goal - to grow up healthy and enjoy every day.

Holding the Health Week implements tasks for all age groups:

• building health, increasing the endurance of the child's body,
• development of motor skills,
• activation of cognitive interests,
• development of volitional qualities: perseverance, the desire to win, the ability to lose,
• education of empathy: the ability to empathize with comrades, the desire to help.

At the Health Week, “Funny Starts” are held for several groups

Table: events at the Health Week

Focus of events	Examples
cognitive cycle	Conversations: conducted by the educator on the structure of the body and caring for it, as well as by a nurse or pediatrician, an invited athlete, a teacher-psychologist; classes of cognitive and research orientation, watching cartoons, videos, presentations on the topic of a healthy lifestyle; quizzes, intellectual quests; excursions: to the catering unit (how the right food is prepared), to the medical unit (how they are treated, vaccinated, examined), to the museum.
Physical training	Competitions, "Funny starts", sports festival, general charging for the entire garden, demonstration performances, open lessons in the sports sections of the preschool educational institution.
Artistic and aesthetic cycle	Performing crafts on the theme of healthy lifestyle: individual, collective, together with parents, learning songs and poems about health and sports, reading and discussing fiction on the topic of health, creation of wall newspapers and posters.
Interaction with parents	Consultations for parents from a nurse, physical education leader, psychologist, instructors of sports sections, familiarization of parents with updated information on the work of the first-aid post and the catering unit in the preschool educational institution, family workshops and sports tournaments.

Each lesson or event is organized by the teacher in accordance with the principle of age adequacy. This means that the topic, methods of its disclosure, tasks are selected taking into account the abilities of a particular group of children. The examples of activities given in the table can be carried out both in the younger and in the older group. These are general forms that the teacher fills with content corresponding to the age and individual characteristics of the wards. For example, with children of 2–3 years old, a conversation is held “What is a handkerchief for?”, And with children of 6–7 years old - “Viruses and microbes”.

Video: lesson "My doll Dasha" as part of the Health Week (nursery group)

The shown fragments of the lesson in the nursery (first junior) group show the way of teaching kids cultural and hygienic skills in a playful way. The educator creates a real situation (Dasha got dirty) and a problem (how Dasha can get clean). A methodically competent moment - the teacher demonstrates experience in a lesson with kids (checks how to clean the doll) and, having found a solution to the problem in a practical way, gives the children the opportunity to participate.

Video: cooking vegetable salad (final event at Health Week)

Salad cooking can be attributed to useful leisure: the guys train in the skill of owning a knife, consolidate knowledge about the benefits of vegetables. And, of course, they try the cooked dish - this is a special feeling, an assessment of their activities. Alternatively, older preschoolers can prepare a salad (vegetable or fruit) for leisure time with their parents.

Video: physical education lesson "Gymnastics for a bear" in the second junior group

The photos and video clips in this post show a great example of how to conduct a physical education class in an unusual way. The instructor prepared musical accompaniment, new attributes for outdoor games (including home-made ones), invited one of the employees of the preschool educational institution to participate in the role of a bear - all this arouses genuine interest among the guys. They respond to ideas to help the bear wake up properly from sleep and want to tell him about a healthy lifestyle (what they themselves learned at Health Week). Note: the author of the video posted a brief outline of the Health Week in their kindergarten in the description of the video.

Video: art exhibition "Winter Fun" for the Week of Health and Sports

Presentation of drawings for the Week of Health and Sports, held in winter. Note to teachers: the works created jointly by children and parents were signed by the exhibition organizers as “Family Art Studio<…>"- sounds original.

Video: holiday for children and parents at Health Week in the middle group

Schedule and time plan of events

Traditionally, the Health Week is held in kindergarten several times a year: in autumn and in the middle of winter, in autumn and spring. In the second half of the academic year, recreational activities and healthy lifestyle classes are timed to coincide with World Health Day (April 7). Some preschools schedule Health Weeks around school holidays. Thus, continuity is carried out in preschool and primary school education: the tradition is not interrupted, sports events are held on a common ground (preschool children are invited to the school stadium, kindergarten pupils and school students come to the park for "Merry Starts", etc.).

For Health Day, children's pupils drew a poster about the right way of life

Directions for planning for Health Week:

1. The list of events is discussed and approved by the team and medical staff at pedagogical meetings.
2. The activity plan combines a variety of activities. It is recommended to conduct classes in the first half of the day that involve increased physical and / or emotional activity, and after a quiet hour - quiet activities. For example, in the morning, children got acquainted with non-traditional exercises on step platforms, then participated in a sports quest on a street playground. Then, in the afternoon, the teacher repeats with them poems about the rules of hygiene (“Fedorino's grief”, “The grimy girl”, “Moydodyr”) and offers to stage these stories in a theater corner.
3. During the Health Week, traditional classes are filmed (except for music and physical education - they are held in a non-classical form, using unusual materials and equipment).
4. Under satisfactory climatic and weather conditions, the time spent by children on the street increases, the plan includes outdoor activities: exercises, walking, outdoor games, competitions.
5. Availability of activities for parents.

Pupils of the preparatory group play on the playground of the kindergarten

The daily routine remains unchanged during the Health Week: morning exercises, a walk, music and physical education classes, meals and a quiet hour come on schedule. Traditional classes are replaced by recreational activities or a valeological theme. Therefore, the time frame of activities in the group corresponds to the timing of regular classes.

For example. The lesson on the surrounding world in the second junior group is replaced by the conversation “Why do you need to move a lot?”. The duration of the GCD class for children aged 3-4 is 15 minutes. Accordingly, this time is allotted for a conversation with an additional viewing of a cartoon about sports:

• conversation - 7-8 minutes,
• cartoon viewing and discussion - 7 minutes.

In the older group, a conversation is held with the study of visual material (layouts, posters) about the structure of the human body and the functions of various organs

Table: how to draw up an action plan for the Health Week indicating timing (using the example of one day)

Regime interval	List of events and their duration
	Junior groups	middle group	Senior group	preparatory group
Morning	Didactic game "My doll" - 7 minutes. Conversation "Cleanliness and health" - 7-9 minutes.	Conversation "Where do vitamins live?" - 8–9 minutes. Didactic game "What is useful and what is harmful?" - 10–11 minutes.	Watch a video about proper nutrition - 10 minutes. Didactic game "What would happen if ..." - 12 minutes.	Viewing the presentation "Winter sports" - 10 minutes. Conversation "Sport and us" - 15 minutes.
Music lesson	"Music of health" (ways of relaxation) - 15 minutes.	"Music of Health" (integrated, children draw to music - 20 minutes.	"In the rhythm of the heart" (with elements of choreography and breathing exercises) - 25 minutes.	"In the rhythm of the heart" (with elements of rhythm and choreography) - 30 minutes.
Walk	Outdoor folk games - 10-15 minutes.	Independent physical activity (with balls, ribbons, rackets) - 15 minutes.	Outdoor games with running, jumping, climbing - 20 minutes.	Game-competition between preparatory groups (bandy) - 25 minutes.
Afternoon	Theatrical performance "Doctor Aibolit" - 15 minutes. Application "Jar of vitamins" - 10 minutes.	Learning the poem "Sports Family" - 10 minutes (hereinafter on an individual basis). Consultation for parents on the meaning and methods of hardening - 30 minutes.	Viewing and discussion of the cartoon "Snow Tracks" - 12-15 minutes. Creation of a collective composition from plasticine "Hockey players" - 25 minutes. Questioning of parents "Sports in your family" - 5-10 minutes.	Evening of board games ("Finger football", "Sports lotto") - 30 minutes. Master class for parents "Pair gymnastics (mom / dad + child") - 30 minutes.

Physical education sessions and master classes for parents are obligatory events at Health Week

Table: Card file of topics for Health Week

Topic	Tasks and short list of activities
"ABC of sports"	Promoting an active lifestyle, getting involved in sports, developing a spirit of healthy competition, striving for victories and results. Sports events: classes with an invited athlete or instructor from the sports center, visiting classes in children's sections, study/repetition of summer and winter sports, conversations about sports life in the country/region/territory, compiling photo collages and wall newspapers about sports in kindergarten and children attending circles and sections, design of a stand with awards and diplomas of children and parents in the field of sports, holding a sports festival in the preschool educational institution.
“We want to be healthy”, “I grow up healthy”	Informing children and parents about ways to maintain and improve health. Activities of the cognitive block and physical culture (general strengthening): common for preschool morning exercises, conversations about the benefits of gymnastics, hiking, jogging, questioning parents about the state of health of children, ongoing preventive measures, watching educational cartoons and presentations.
“Doctors are our helpers”, “And don’t be afraid of doctors!”	Familiarization of children with the profession - a doctor, with the importance of medicine in human life. Activities of cognitive and creative blocks: conversations with a nurse, a visiting doctor, excursion to the first-aid post, polyclinic or medical center (in agreement with the administration of the preschool educational institution, parents and the management of the medical institution), trip to the pharmacy role-playing games "Polyclinic", "Hospital", "Pharmacy kiosk", listening and discussion of fiction (“Aibolit”, “Tamara and I go together”, “The Adventures of the Yellow Suitcase (excerpts)”), dramatization games on a medical theme.
"Children's Friends - Vitamins"	Promoting good nutrition. Classes and activities of cognitive and labor orientation: experimental activity "Garden on the windowsill" (growing greens), labor activity on the site in the spring and summer (in the presence of a greenhouse or beds), excursion to the farm preparation of vitamin salad (from vegetables or fruits), lemonade, productive creativity: drawings, plasticine crafts and applications on the theme of healthy eating.
"Journey to the Land of Health"	Promotion of a healthy lifestyle and sports through gaming, interactive, creative activities. Conducting classes in an unusual form or using unusual materials: morning exercises with a fairy-tale character or with an interactive whiteboard (broadcast of exercises with cartoon characters), GCD classes in a playful way: "Prophylactic examination", "Journey to the Tooth Fairy", "Next station - Zdoroveyka", viewing views on sports and health, art therapy: drawing with sand, finger paints, music, relaxation master classes: breathing exercises, acupuncture.
"Water and health"	Acquaintance of children with the properties of water, its importance in human life. Combination of theoretical and practical classes: experimental activity "Why can't you drink water from a puddle?" (for younger preschoolers), "Water Purification Methods" (for older groups), a conversation about the importance of maintaining a drinking regimen, watching videos about the importance of water for the human body, labor activity (washing toys and dishes, wet cleaning in a group room, general cleaning in a preschool educational institution), attending a lesson in the pool (with certificates), if the kindergarten is equipped with a swimming pool, a Water Festival is held.
“Dad, mom, I am a sports family”, “I am friends with sports both at home and in the garden!”	Instilling healthy habits of joint exercise. Activities for children and parents: consultations for parents on health-saving technologies (hardening, morning exercises, regular sports, herbal medicine), consultation for parents from a nurse / pediatrician on ways to strengthen immunity, vitamin complexes, vaccinations, master classes for parents from a physical education instructor (without children, parents do the exercises), sports festival for children and parents, viewing an educational presentation together with children, a conversation, creative workshops: making a sensory path or a bag, a massager from waste material.
“Cleanliness is the key to health”, “Cleaners”	Instillation and strengthening of cultural and hygienic skills. Experimental classes and creative activities: conversations about personal hygiene, games-experiments about how to clean the skin, clothes, toys, food, water, indoor cleaning (sweeping, dusting, washing floors, knocking out mattresses / pillows / blankets), drawing posters and wall newspapers, listening to a poem or watching a fairy tale "Moydodyr", productive creativity: crafts "Mododyr" (according to the level of abilities - modeling, drawing, coloring).
"Winter fun"	Introducing children and parents to winter sports, promoting an active lifestyle always - in any climate and weather conditions. Teaching outdoor games in winter, educational activities in the relevant sports: hiking, outdoor exercise, labor activity: clearing the site from snow, flooding the ice rink and ice slide, physical education in the park: skiing, gymnastics, outdoor games: hockey, ice skating, sledding and skiing, taking a snow fortress, playing snowballs (competitions in accuracy, flight range), quiz on winter sports (for pupils of senior and preparatory groups), conversations with parents about playing sports in the winter, consultation of parents about hardening (it is advisable to conduct a pediatrician or teacher according to the instructions signed by the doctor).

Video: Health Week “We want to be healthy” in the middle group

Video: Thematic Week “I Grow Healthy”

Video: Health Week "Winter Fun"

Table: example of an action plan for a Health Week in the middle group (excerpts)

Day of the week	Topic	Work with children	Working with parents
Monday	"Where health hides"	Morning exercises "Let's say yes to health!". Conversation "What is health, how to preserve and increase it." Role-playing game "Useful food store". Didactic game "What is useful and what is unhealthy", lotto "Clothes by seasons". Outdoor games "Colored birds", "Sun and rain", "Carousel". Reading poetry. Multicollage.	Folder-slider “We take care of our health. We follow the daily routine. Consultation “Drinking water and child health”.
Tuesday	“Healthy food. Vitamins»	Morning gymnastics. Finger game "Orange", "We chop cabbage." Meeting with “Vitaminych from our garden on the window”, who talks about the importance of nutrition in human life”, conversation “Where to find vitamins”, “Healthy eating”. Didactic game "Harmful - useful", "Edible - inedible", loto "Spread into baskets", "Let's cook soup and compote". Reading E. Uspensky "Children who eat poorly in kindergarten." Dramatization of the fairy tale "Turnip". Outdoor game - relay "Vitamin family".	Screen "How to teach a child to eat vegetables and fruits." Consultation “Funny vegetables. Or about what to do with the child at home.
Wednesday	"Clean Day"	<…>
Thursday	“I am friends with sports both at home and in the garden!”	<…>
Friday	"Doctors are our helpers"	Morning gymnastics. A conversation about hardening “The sun, air and water are our best friends”, a conversation based on pictures “If the baby got hurt”. Reading thin. literature: S. Mikhalkov “About mimosa”, V. Lebedev - Kumach “Temper up! ”, reading the fairy tale by K. Chukovsky “Doctor Aibolit”, Reading the poem by S. Mikhalkov “Vaccination” "What are we made of?" The story of the teacher with the examination of the poster "Internal Organs". Game_lesson "Wonderful doctor". Role-playing game "Polyclinic". Invite children to play the plot “Vaccination Day”, encourage children to actively use speech during the game. Cartoon collage watching cartoons "Doctor Aibolit", presentations on the topic "Health".	Consultation "Posture of your child". Folder-slider "Education of the correct posture in a child." Memo "Gymnastics in violation of posture."
Cit. by: https://garmonova-berezka4.edumsko.ru/folders/post/nedelya_zdorov_ya_v_srednej_gruppe_6_teremok_skazhem_zdorov_yu_-_da

At the Health Week, children are invited to play the plots "Dispensary", "Trauma", "Hospital", etc.

As already mentioned, Health Week involves the active interaction of the kindergarten teacher, instructors and medical staff with parents. Please note that not all parents will be able to attend the consultations in the evening. And if there are several such events, then the parent composition will thin out from time to time. Therefore, it is logical to schedule one consultation per week in the evening, it is conducted by a sports leader or a nurse. In the first half of the day, parents are invited to open classes and morning exercises (presence is encouraged - the teacher prepares sheets of gratitude and letters of appreciation in advance).

The educator places important information topics on a stand or in other printed form in the group's reception room and encourages parents, grandmothers, nannies to study the text while the children change clothes.

Forms of work with parents:

• consultations,
• questioning,
• invitation to participate in classes, master classes,
• making crafts, posters, wall newspapers on healthy lifestyle topics with children,
• distribution of information sheets, brochures, memos.

Teachers in our kindergarten lead groups in messengers (usually, these are WhatsApp conversations), where they publish important current information for parents. During Health Week, photos of brochures, video instructions for performing gymnastic exercises, and craft topics are thrown into chats. One of the educators records consultations from the nurse on video and sends them to parents. This is convenient and causes a positive response from parents: not everyone can attend a meeting or face-to-face consultation, but everyone can watch a ten-minute video.

Video: consultation for parents of the head of physical education

Video: open lesson on health savings

Health Week is not an emergency set of measures to improve the health of children. The teaching staff works daily to improve the physical and mental state of children, instills in them the desire to live actively, eat right, and have a good rest. Health Week is a celebration of sports, a healthy lifestyle. A week long holiday. It is necessary to prepare and organize this important week in such a way that the children absorb the maximum of useful information and recharge with a positive mood for a long time.

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Children's health is in our hands

In many preschool institutions there is a problem of children's health. Many parents believe that it is the kindergarten that is to blame for the fact that their children get sick, as they become infected from sick children who are next to them in the same group. Can sick children attend kindergarten and how does this affect the health of children who are in constant contact with them? Are they really sick? Who is to blame if children have health: kindergarten or parents?

To understand the situation, we turned with questions to the pediatrician Sergei Vasiliev, who works in the Moscow polyclinic No. 219.

Sergey Viktorovich, please tell me, does it happen that a child enters the kindergarten in an unhealthy state?

Yes. The main problem lies in the fact that parents deliberately bring the child to the garden sick. Not all diseases can be detected immediately during the examination. In this situation, parents are responsible: if there is a suspicion of a disease, then the child does not need to be brought to the kindergarten. It may also happen that the disease may not develop immediately and external signs may not appear: the absence of fever, cough, runny nose - only a general malaise. And if a child arrives in such a state, then he can open the clinic not immediately, but after 2-3 hours or closer to dinner, in the evening. In this situation, the child is examined by a nurse, the parents are called, and the child is sent home.

- Under what symptoms the child is not considered sick?

A child is not considered sick if he has slight mucous secretions, at normal body temperature, with a normal throat condition.

But there are also controversial points. They usually occur in cases where there is a slight runny nose, coughing, skin rashes, when the question arises whether it is an infectious skin disease, or a manifestation of dermatitis.

- Can having a cough be a danger to other children?

Cough may persist when entering and exiting the premises. It occurs due to the fact that there is an increase in the lymph nodes that put pressure on the nerve plexus, and the slightest load causes excitation of the cough center. At the same time, the child is clinically healthy, not contagious, and does not pose a danger to others. But these cough phenomena persist, especially after an infection with a cough, the increased excitability of the cough center persists. That is, the child is healthy, but with some moments of excitement associated with the game, with some kind of trouble, he will cough. In the team, when we go for a medical examination, if someone coughs, respectively, the children imitate, they also begin to cough.

How can you tell if a child is sick?

The child begins to complain of a headache, fever, cough, runny nose, general malaise is felt: poor sleep, poor appetite, bad mood. If a set of these symptoms occurs, then the child does not need to be taken to the garden. It is necessary to consult a doctor and determine whether it is worth attending a kindergarten or staying at home for a while. These symptoms may appear a day before the child develops the clinical picture. If there is a viral infection, then in 2-3 hours.

- But after all, children can also simulate diseases if, for example, they do not want to go to kindergarten?

There is a category of children capable of simulation. This behavior can begin as early as two years of age. They begin to cough on purpose in the presence of a nurse, caregivers, parents. And when you start talking with the child, he declares that he does not want to go to the garden.

And older children can easily portray complaints of headaches, weakness, nausea - ingenuity knows no bounds. As soon as the mother says that we are not going to kindergarten, after 10-15 minutes the child suddenly recovers: he immediately starts playing, his mood rises - where did everything go? If such a situation is repeated repeatedly, then parents may suspect that elementary simulation is the cause of such situations. The complex of complaints is stereotypical: the child himself chooses what he likes to “sick” more.

- Currently there are absolutely healthy children?

- The first group is not put to anyone now, at most - 10%, this is one child out of ten, and even then, if he is well examined, then there will be a second health group. We have very few truly healthy children. The child comes to the garden already with a large set of diseases. Therefore, it is not necessary to say that the cause of the disease is in kindergarten.

- Can a low level of morality be one of the causes of morbidity in people?

- Yes, sure. Morality is a set of psychological attitudes of a person, how he orients himself in life, which is a priority, fundamental for him. Thought shapes everything around a person. A common field is formed around him. Everything is interconnected. The state of a person depends on his mood. Any situation is mirrored and returned back. A negative attitude, of course, falls on others, but still returns to the one from whom it comes. Hence all our problems.

Who is to blame for the fact that sick children are in kindergarten?

In continuation of the topic of this conversation, we turned with questions to the head of the Moscow kindergarten No. 1410 Karpus Raisa Danilovna.

According to her, the analysis of the incidence shows that, basically, on Mondays, children do not come to the garden. “These are statistics - about 80-90% of cases,” she says. - It is believed that if the child does not come on Monday, then the case is home. If he doesn’t come during the week, it’s Sadovskiy.”

We talk about who is to blame when the child is already sick. R. Karpus believes that it is necessary to consider the problem deeper and talk about prevention. “How can children be healthy when parents - young girls - smoke, drink beer, do not follow the diet,” she says. - What do they feed the child? Many children have gastrointestinal problems. As a gift, encouragement to a child, they buy chips, Coca-Cola, take them to McDonald's. And then they bring them to the garden with a whole bunch of chronic diseases. And when a child gets sick in the kindergarten, the parents say that the kindergarten is to blame.”

“A healthy child is only healthy when his nervous system is healthy,” Raisa Danilovna is sure. - If the child is loved, if he feels cared for, if he receives protection from the family, which is the most important thing, then he grows up balanced, calm, kind. Aggression also breeds disease. If you follow the fundamental principles of morality - kindness, patience, merciful attitude towards each other, then the child gets sick less and recovers faster.

She also emphasized that concern for the preservation and strengthening of children's health is the most important task facing both preschool institutions and parents.

Healthy lifestyle of a preschool child. The main aspects of a healthy lifestyle for a preschooler”

Currently, one of the priority tasks facing teachers is to preserve health children in the process of education and training.

The problem of early formation of culture health is relevant, timely and quite complex. It is up to 7 years that a person goes through a huge path of development, which is not repeated throughout the subsequent life. It is during this period that the intensive development of organs and the formation of the functional systems of the body take place, main personality traits attitude towards oneself and others. It is important at this stage to form a knowledge base and practical skills in children. healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports.

What does it depend on child health? Health depends on 20% of hereditary factors, 20% on environmental conditions, i.e. ecology, 10% on the activities of the healthcare system, and 50% on the person himself, on lifestyle which he leads. If the first 50% health we, educators, we cannot influence, then we can and must give the other 50% to our pupils.

Since under healthy lifestyle is understood as active human activity aimed at preserving and improving health, then this activity should include such components as proper nutrition, rational physical activity, hardening of the body and maintaining a stable psycho-emotional state. These are the components that should be included in the foundation of a healthy lifestyle for a preschooler.

The main aspects of a healthy lifestyle for a preschool child:

It is necessary that children have the opportunity to systematically move. To do this, it is necessary to promote the development major motor qualities, maintain a high level of performance throughout the day. However, it must be taken into account that healthy lifestyle for preschoolers involves the alternation of active and calm games, so that a reasonable balance between motor activity and rest must be maintained.

Forms of organization health work are: independent activity of children, outdoor games, morning exercises, motor health-improving physical minutes, physical exercises after daytime sleep, physical exercises in combination with hardening procedures, walks, sports holidays, wellness procedures in the aquatic environment (swimming pool).

Hygienic culture is as important for a person as the ability to speak, write, read. It is important to the child learned that in his body there are no organs, sections of unnecessary, ugly, that all parts of the body must be equally constantly taken care of and, first of all, kept clean. To teach the child that he has his own comb, his own bed, his own handkerchief, his own towel, his own toothbrush. Encourage children to understand that cleanliness of the body is important not only for the protection of personal health, but also the health of others.

Organize learning not only in the classroom, but also in everyday life. life when situations arise that push children to make a decision about this problem. It is necessary to pay serious attention to cultural and hygienic skills, to form the habits of proper washing, wiping, caring for the oral cavity, using a handkerchief, correct behavior when coughing and sneezing.

Hardening is one of the most effective methods of increasing the resistance of the child's body to sharp fluctuations in air temperature and, most importantly, the so-called colds. For hardening, environmental factors are used - air, water, sun. Basic the principle of hardening is a gradual effect on the body of training factors, the development of endurance to increasing in strength and duration effects.

There are several mandatory rules:

Firstly, any hardening procedures must be carried out systematically. If they are not carried out regularly, the body cannot develop the necessary reactions. Hardening can not be carried out as if for the future. If the hardening procedures are stopped (usually in the cold season, then the body's resistance decreases. Therefore, when the conditions associated with the season of the year change, one should not cancel the hardening procedures, but simply change them a little.

Secondly, the principle of gradualness in increasing the strength of the irritating effect should be observed. This is necessary for the successful adaptation of the body to changing conditions. Graduality is especially important when hardening children of early age. age whose body is not able to quickly respond to cold factors.

Thirdly, it is very important to take into account individual characteristics child, its reaction to the applied stimuli. Hardening can only be carried out with a positive attitude child for the procedure.

Consideration must be given to the state child health, features of its higher nervous activity. It is more careful to harden weakened and often ill children.

In winter, children are more likely to suffer from various colds than in the warm season. In order to minimize the number of diseases, special preventive measures are taken.

Prevention of childhood colds includes immunization of children, taking vitamin, homeopathic and other preparations that increase the immunity of children; systematic ventilation, quartzing and wet cleaning of premises; hardening of children; regular exercise and outdoor activities.

Significant impact on child health provided by the indoor air. The need of children for clean and fresh air is very high, since they combine a high frequency and small volume of respiratory movements with a high need for oxygen. Proper breathing through the nose plays an important role in the prevention of respiratory and vocal apparatus diseases. During nasal breathing, air, before entering the larynx, bronchi and lungs, passes through narrow, winding nasal passages, where it is cleaned of dust, microbes and other harmful impurities, moistened and warmed. This does not happen when breathing through the mouth.

Only through the joint efforts of the kindergarten and the family can we achieve a reduction in the level of child injuries!

In early childhood (1-3 years) main in the development child is the desire for independent knowledge of the surrounding reality. Main motor skills in children age(walking, climbing, running) are in the development stage. damage in this age due to insufficient development of the simplest motor skills, inability to orient in the environment.

In children in age At the age of 4-6, the initial forms of self-consciousness are formed, there is a desire to independently satisfy their needs, to act without the help of adults. However, the lack of knowledge about the environment, their own experience is the reason that children undertake to perform actions that have not yet been fully mastered, which are still too difficult for them, which leads to their injury.

Physical development child plays an important role in injury prevention. It has been established that well physically developed children, dexterous, with good coordination of movements rarely get injured. Therefore, it is necessary to pay considerable attention to the physical education of children. Considering that often the source of injury in child becomes a peer, it is important to instill in children a sense of humanity, kindness to others, including other children.

Particular importance should be given to the formation of safe behavior skills in children. For this purpose, it is possible to conduct thematic games and classes in which children learn skills handling scissors, needles, other

household cutting and sharp objects, stories, pictures are discussed, which show some traumatic situations from children's lives.

correct, appropriate according to the child's age, the regimen improves health, ensures the performance, successful implementation various activities protects against fatigue. At child accustomed to a strict routine, the need for food, sleep, rest comes at regular intervals and is accompanied by rhythmic changes in the activity of all internal organs. The body, as it were, is tuned in advance for the upcoming activity.

During the day, activity and performance baby is not the same. Their rise is noted at 8-12 and 16-18 hours, and the period of minimum performance falls on 14-16 hours. It is no coincidence, therefore, that classes that cause pronounced fatigue of children are planned in the first half of the day, during hours of optimal performance.

Proper physical education, combined with a daily routine that meets hygienic requirements, sufficient sleep and reasonable nutrition, is the key to normal growth and development. child.

Rational nutrition of children is one of the major environmental factors that determine normal development child. It has the most direct impact on vitality, height, condition child health, increases resistance to various adverse effects. Due to the importance of such a component of nutrition as regularity, on weekends and holidays, parents should be advised to adhere to the same meal schedule as in preschool.

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten of the village of Sosnovka, Krasnoarmeysky district of the Saratov region"

"HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN DOE"

Prepared by Gritsai Natalya Vasilievna

2016

“I’m not afraid to repeat again and again:

health care is the most important

the work of an educator. from cheerfulness,

the vigor of children depends on their spiritual life,

outlook, mental development,

strength of knowledge, faith in one's own strength.

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler.

What is health? Let us turn to the “Dictionary of the Russian Language” by S.I. Ozhegova: "Correct, normal activity of the body." The Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) states that health is not only the absence of disease or infirmity, but also complete physical, mental and social well-being. That is why the problem of health should be considered in a broad social aspect.

An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of often and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - a violation of posture, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly fond of the intellectual development of their children (computer games, attending various circles).

The above results clearly indicate the socio-pedagogical level of problems that arise before the employees of preschool institutions, designed to raise a healthy child with optimal physical and mental development, which corresponds to the social demand of society.

It is undeniable that the main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for an independent life, giving him the necessary skills and habits for this, cultivating certain habits. But can every professionally trained teacher, just an adult responsible person dispassionately relate to the unfavorable state of health of his pupils, his progressive deterioration? One of the answers to this question was the demand for health-saving educational technologies by teachers of an educational institution.

Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives

Before we start talking about health-saving technologies, let's define the concept of "technology". Technology is a tool for the professional activity of a teacher, respectively, characterized by a qualitative adjective - pedagogical. The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has a pronounced phasing (step by step), includes a set of specific professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process. Pedagogical technology is distinguished by: specificity and clarity of goals and objectives, the presence of stages: primary diagnosis; selection of content, forms, methods and techniques of its implementation; using a set of means in a certain logic with the organization of intermediate diagnostics to achieve the designated goal; final diagnosis of achieving the goal, criteria-based assessment of the results. (This definition is proposed by Derkunskaya V.A. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences)

What is health-saving technologies?

Health-saving technologies in preschool education are technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents.

The goal of health-saving technologies in preschool education in relation to a child is to ensure a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and the upbringing of a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to a person’s health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. With regard to adults - promoting the formation of a culture of health, including a culture of professional health of preschool teachers and valeological education of parents.

In the preschool educational institution, a “health saving technology” can be developed, the tasks of which are:

1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of outdoor motor activity.

2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential.

Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions

Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education - classification of health-saving technologies according to the dominance of goals and tasks to be solved, as well as the leading means of health saving and health enrichment of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten.

Health-saving activities in our kindergarten are carried out in the following forms:

Medical and preventive technologies

Medical and preventive activities ensure the preservation and enhancement of the health of children under the guidance of the medical staff of the preschool educational institution in accordance with medical requirements and standards using medical means.

The objectives of this activity:

Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;

Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;

Organization of preventive measures that contribute to the resistance of the child's body (for example, immunization, gargling with anti-inflammatory herbs, a sparing regimen during the adaptation period, etc.).

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Monitoring of the state of health and physical development of children is carried out by medical workers of the kindergarten. All work on the physical education of children in the preschool educational institution is based on their physical fitness and existing deviations in the state of health. To do this, on the basis of individual medical records, the doctor of the preschool institution draws up a summary scheme for each age group, which helps educators and medical workers to have a clear picture of the health status of the children of the entire group and each child individually. This analysis scheme and specific recommendations are entered in the group "Health Journal" - "Individual route of the child" - so that each teacher plans physical education and health work in accordance with the characteristics of children's health.

Physical culture and health technology

Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.

The objectives of this activity:

Development of physical qualities;

Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,

Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;

Recovery by means of hardening. Physical culture and health-improving activities are carried out by a physical education instructor in physical education classes, as well as by teachers - in the form of various gymnastics, physical education minutes, dynamic pauses, etc.;

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child;

The task of this activity is to ensure emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten, family; ensuring the socio-emotional well-being of a preschooler, tk. emotional mood, mental well-being, cheerful mood of children is important for their health. In its activities, the “accompanying service” is guided by the Regulations on the Medical, Psychological and Pedagogical Service and aims to create an integral system in a preschool institution that provides optimal conditions for the development of children, taking into account age and individual characteristics, the state of somatic and mental health. In this system, diagnostic, advisory, correctional-developing, treatment-and-prophylactic and social directions interact.

Technologies of health saving and health enrichment of teachers

The whole way of life of the child in kindergarten, the caring and attentive attitude of adults to him, the high sense of responsibility of the whole team for each pupil influence the improvement of the health of children, their favorable physical development. Therefore, much attention in our preschool educational institution is paid to the selection and placement of personnel into groups, taking into account their business qualities, experience and psychological compatibility. Bearing in mind that the results of physical development depend primarily on the professional training of teachers, their pedagogical knowledge, a system of comprehensive methodological work to improve skills has been thought out.

The teacher who guards the health of the child, educating the culture of the health of the child and parents, first of all, must be healthy himself, have valeological knowledge, not overworked, must be able to objectively assess his own advantages and disadvantages associated with professional activities, draw up a plan for the necessary self-correction and proceed to its implementation.

Technologies of valeological education of parents .

The main educators of the child are the parents. From how the child’s day regimen is properly organized, what attention the parents pay to the child’s health, his mood, the state of physical comfort depend. The healthy lifestyle of a child, to which he is taught in an educational institution, can either find daily support at home, and then be fixed, or not, and then the information received will be superfluous and painful for the child.

Information and educational activities are expressed in the formation of a healthy lifestyle in parents as a value, as well as in acquainting parents with various forms of work on physical education in a preschool institution, informing about the state of health and physical development, about the level of motor fitness of their child; attracting parents to participate in various joint physical culture leisure activities and holidays.

In order to cooperate with parents on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in children, we have developed a system of activities, which include:

parent meeting,

consultations,

conferences,

contests,

sports holidays,

health holidays,

family club

slide folders,

conversations,

teacher's personal example

non-traditional forms of work with parents,

practical demonstrations (workshops)

Health-saving educational technologies.

This type of activity involves the education of a valeological culture, or a culture of health, for preschoolers. Its purpose is to form in children a conscious attitude of the child to health and life, the accumulation of knowledge about health and the development of skills to protect it.

Health-saving educational technologies are the most significant among all known technologies in terms of the degree of impact on children's health. Their main feature is the use of psychological and pedagogical techniques, methods, approaches to solving emerging problems.

Educational activity involves conducting classes and conversations with preschoolers about the need to observe the daily routine, the importance of hygiene and motor culture, health and means of strengthening it, the functioning of the body and the rules for caring for it, children acquire cultural skills and a healthy lifestyle, knowledge of the rules of safe behavior and reasonable actions in unforeseen situations.

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.

Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution

In a pre-school institution, several forms of physical education of children are provided daily in all age groups, which contributes to the strengthening of health and allows for the necessary physical activity of children throughout the day.

Particular attention in the daily routine is given to holdinghardening procedures , promoting health and reducing disease. Tempering activities, as an important part of physical culture, contribute to the creation of mandatory conditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. The hardening system we use provides for a variety of forms and methods, as well as changes in connection with the seasons, age and individual characteristics of the health status of children.

When working with children, the basic principles of hardening must be observed:

Implementation of hardening provided that the child is healthy;

The inadmissibility of hardening procedures if the child has negative emotional reactions (fear, crying, anxiety);

Careful consideration of the individual characteristics of the child, his age, the possibility of increased sensitivity to hardening measures;

The intensity of hardening procedures increases gradually and consistently, with the expansion of the zones of influence and the increase in the time of hardening;

The systematic and constancy of hardening (and not from case to case.

For the greatest efficiency of hardening, we provide:

A clear organization of the thermal and air conditions in the room (“thermal” hygiene);

Rational, non-overheating clothing for children;

Compliance with the regime of walks in all seasons;

Sleep with open transoms;

Hygiene procedures (washing and dousing hands up to the elbow with cool water, rinsing the mouth with boiled water at room temperature);

Walking barefoot in a group and in the summer for a walk, barefoot doing morning exercises and physical education. The main meaning of walking barefoot is to harden the skin of the feet to the influence of low temperatures, which is carried out mainly by the action of low temperatures of the floor, the earth. It is this action that is decisive, if not the only one, in hardening, since there is no convincing evidence in the scientific literature regarding the influence of other components.

The method of contrast air hardening, which is carried out at the end of daytime sleep alternately in cold and warm rooms. The air temperature in a warm room is maintained with the help of heaters, in a cold room it is lowered due to intensive ventilation, in summer up to drafts.

One of the most effective hardening procedures in everyday life isstroll. In order for the walk to have an effect, we change the sequence of activities for children, depending on the nature of the previous lesson and weather conditions. So, in the cold season and after the lesson in which the children were sitting, the walk begins with a run, an outdoor game; in the warm season or after physical education and music classes - from observation, calm games.

A walk is one of the most important regime moments during which children can sufficiently realize their motor needs. The best form for this isoutdoor games and exercise on the street.

mobile game occupies a special place in the development of the preschool child. It helps to consolidate and improve motor skills and abilities, provides an opportunity to develop cognitive interest, forms the ability to navigate in the surrounding reality, which is so important for a child to gain life experience.

A variety of game activities develop dexterity, speed, coordination of movements and have a positive effect on the emotional state of children.

The need for movements in preschool children is great, but a fragile organism is extremely sensitive not only to a lack, but also to an excess of movements. That is why, when choosing outdoor games and game exercises, we try to observe the optimal mode of motor activity, regulate the permissible load, changing the game situation, increasing or decreasing the number of repetitions.

In addition to outdoor games, in our kindergarten we widely use a variety ofexercises in the main types of movements:

Running and walking

jumping

Throwing, throwing and catching the ball

Obstacle Course Exercises

Physical exercises carried out in the fresh air contribute to the functional improvement of the child's body, increase its efficiency, development of protective forces in relation to adverse environmental factors. For every two weeks there are 3-4 sets of physical exercises in the air:

For good weather (according to the season);

In case of wet weather;

For gusty winds.

Of course, in raising a healthy child in our preschool institution, special importance is attached to the development of movements and physical culture onphysical education classes . Moreover, in each age period, physical education classes have a different focus:

They give pleasure to small children, teach them to navigate in space, to use elementary insurance techniques;

In middle age, they develop physical qualities, first of all, endurance and strength;

In older groups, they form the need for movement, develop motor abilities and independence.

That is why in our kindergarten we use a variety of options for conducting physical education classes:

Classes according to the traditional scheme;

Classes consisting of a set of outdoor games of high, medium and low intensity;

Classes-competitions, where children in the course of various relay races of two teams identify the winners;

Classes of the "Health" series, which can also be included in the schedule of classes as a cognitive development. In the course of such classes, children are given ideas about the structure of their own body, the purpose of organs, what is good and bad for the human body, as well as elementary skills in self-care and first aid. These classes are of great importance in educating the child's need for a healthy lifestyle.

Great health and educational value for our children isswimming , which is one of the important types of cyclic loads, which has a powerful health-improving general developmental effect. Swimming differs from all other sports exercises in its unlimited age range of application and has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems: it improves thermoregulation, gas exchange, sleep, and increases efficiency. Swimming is also an effective means of preventing and even treating posture and stoop disorders. During swimming, the child's spine straightens, the muscles of the arms and legs perform rhythmic movements that affect the flexibility of the spine.

Conducting classes in the pool, we take into account the age and individual characteristics of children, ensure compliance with the rules of instructions for ensuring the safety of children on the water, systematic medical and pedagogical control over the implementation of the regime and the organization of swimming classes, planning and methods of conducting.

One of the most important components of strengthening and improving the child's body, as well as the organization of the child's motor regime, aimed at raising the emotional and muscle tone of children, ismorning exercises .

Daily exercise under the guidance of an adult contributes to the manifestation of certain volitional efforts, develops in children a useful habit to start the day with morning exercises. Morning gymnastics gradually involves the entire body of the child in an active state, strengthens breathing, increases blood circulation, promotes metabolism, causes a need for oxygen, and helps develop correct posture. To prevent the occurrence of flat feet, exercises are offered to strengthen the arch of the foot - lifting on toes, on heels.

The music that accompanies the movements creates a cheerful mood, has a positive effect on the nervous system of the child.

Morning exercises are carried out daily before breakfast, for 10–12 minutes outdoors or indoors (depending on weather conditions). During the entire morning gymnastics held indoors, the windows remain open, the children are engaged in physical education and barefoot.

The content of morning exercises is made up of exercises recommended by the program for this age group, previously learned in a physical education lesson and well known to children.

In between classes, especially in the older groups of the kindergarten,motor workout. Her goal is prevent the development of fatigue in children, relieve emotional stress in the process of training with mental stress, which contributes to a faster perception of program material. Motor warm-up allows you to actively relax after mental stress and forced static posture, helps to increase the motor activity of children. Game exercises used in the warm-up are well known to children, simple in content, with a small number of rules, not long in time (no more than 10-12 minutes), accessible to children with different levels of physical activity.

In order to prevent fatigue in classes associated with prolonged sitting in a monotonous position, requiring focused attention and maintaining the mental performance of children at a good level,physical education minutes .

Physical education minutes increase the general tone, motor skills, contribute to the training of the mobility of nervous processes, develop attention and memory, create a positive emotional mood and relieve psycho-emotional stress.

Physical education sessions are held by the educator as necessary during classes for the development of speech, the formation of elementary mathematical concepts, etc. The duration is 3-5 minutes.

Physical education sessions are held in numerous forms: in the form of general developmental exercises (movements of the head, arms, torso, legs), outdoor games, didactic games with different movements, dance movements and game exercises. A physical minute may be accompanied by a text related or not related to the content of the lesson.

Along with various recreational activities in a preschool institution,gymnastics after a daytime sleep, which helps to improve the mood of children, raise muscle tone, and also helps prevent postural and foot disorders. Gymnastics is carried out with open windows for 7-15 minutes. Throughout the year, various variations of gymnastics are used.

Warm up in bed . Children gradually wake up to the sounds of pleasant music and, lying in bed on their backs over a blanket, perform 5-6 exercises of a general developmental impact. Exercises are performed from different positions: lying on your side, on your stomach, sitting. After completing the exercises, the children get up and perform several movements at a different pace (walking in place, walking on massage mats, gradually turning into a run). Then everyone moves from the bedroom to a well-ventilated group room and performs arbitrary dance, musical-rhythmic or other movements to the music.

Gymnastics of a game character . Consists of 3-6 simulation exercises. Children imitate the movements of birds, animals, plants, create various images (“skier”, “skater”, “parsley”, “flower”).

Jogging along the massage paths . They are combined with contrast air baths and are carried out 2 times a week for 5-7 minutes. The massage track consists of aids and items that promote foot massage. Children work out barefoot, walk at a fast pace along the path and smoothly switch to running (1-1.5 min.) And again switch to calm walking with breathing exercises. This contributes to the development of endurance, coordination of movements, the formation of the foot and the strengthening of the body of children.

Breathing exercises . The health of a person, his physical and mental activity largely depends on proper breathing. Breathing exercises increase ventilation, lymph and blood circulation in the lungs, reduce spasm of the bronchi and bronchioles, improve their patency, promote sputum production, train the ability to voluntarily control breathing, form the correct biomechanics of breathing, and prevent diseases and complications of the respiratory system.

In preschool children, the respiratory muscles are still weak, so a special system of exercises is needed in natural rhythmic breathing, as well as in the correct use of inhalation and exhalation with simple and more complex movements, and the rhythm of breathing and movement form one rhythmic whole. Gymnastic exercises that form proper breathing include exercises for setting up proper breathing through the nose, developing the muscles of the chest to increase its elasticity, and actively stretching the spine. All exercises are carried out in their own respiratory rhythm, slowly, following the inhalation and exhalation and a compensatory pause after exhalation.

The method of using breathing exercises:

Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth into closed lips, combine breathing exercises with general developmental exercises, form a mixed type of breathing.

Acupressure - an elementary method of self-help to your body. Acupressure exercises teach children to consciously take care of their health, instill in them the confidence that they themselves can help themselves improve their well-being. Along with this, acupressure is the prevention of colds.

During the finger massage, irritation of the receptors of the skin, muscles, tendons, fingers occurs, the impulses from which pass simultaneously to the brain and spinal cord, and from there the command is already received to engage in the work of various organs and structures. Massage increases the protective properties of the membranes of the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and other organs. Under the influence of massage, the body begins to produce its own drugs (for example, interferon), which are often much more effective and safer than pills.

Our kindergarten operatesphytobar where pupils receiveoxygen cocktail . An oxygen cocktail is a juice, herbal solution or any other drink saturated with oxygen to the state of a gentle airy foam. An oxygen cocktail is a very useful product. It helps to concentrate and improves memory, improves eyesight. It is a natural way to get rid of headaches, increases stamina, is a non-pharmacological way to reduce weight, calms and stabilizes the nervous system, serves as a guarantee of a good mood.

It is used to eliminate hypoxia, increase efficiency, eliminate chronic fatigue, normalize sleep, and increase immunity.

To increase the body's resistance to colds in our garden, children are recommended to irrigate the throat with decoctions of calendula, eucalyptus, sage, chamomile, St. John's wort, plantain, coltsfoot, oak bark. Children throughout the year receive vitamin teas, herbal infusions of chamomile, nettle, St. John's wort, mint, plantain. Children constantly rinse their mouths with decoctions of sage, eucalyptus, and calendula herbs. With great pleasure, our pupils participate in the tasting of herbal teas:

Soothing tea (mint, motherwort);

Anti-inflammatory tea (St. John's wort, chamomile, plantain);

Vitamin tea (currant, nettle, rosehip);

Metabolism-regulating tea (rosehip, strawberry).

It has been proven that various aromas in a certain way affect the development of the child, his health and mood (B.V. Shevrygin). Even a baby is able to distinguish smells. Different smells affect children in different ways: pleasant aromas can act as good medicines, can cause appetite, normalize the activity of the nervous system, improve vision at dusk and color perception; and, conversely, unpleasant odors can depress and irritate the child.

Our preschool usesaromatherapy. The practical application of aromatherapy and aromaprophylaxis pursues the following goals:

Prevention and reduction of the incidence of acute respiratory and viral infections;

Correction of the psychophysiological state, increased mental and physical performance, improved coordination of movements and functions of analyzers, expanded short-term memory, increased resistance to stress, improved sleep;

Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia, functional disorders of the cardiovascular system;

Stimulation of the general immunological reactivity of the body in order to increase resistance to infectious diseases, expand adaptive capabilities;

Expansion of the complex of rehabilitation measures in patients with chronic and nonspecific lung diseases.

The use of aromatherapy in kindergarten takes place according to the "Individual route of the child" in order to avoid various allergic diseases, taking into account the principle "Unsure - do not prescribe."

Improving work in our garden is also intensively carried out in the summer and is a set of measures aimed at restoring the functional state of the child's body.

The central place in this complex is occupied by the regime of the day, which provides for the maximum stay of children in the open air, the duration of sleep and other types of recreation appropriate for their age. All activities related to physical activity (outdoor games, work, physical education) are carried out during the hours of the least insolation.

When carrying out summer recreational work in kindergarten, our team adheres to the following principles:

integrated use of preventive, hardening and health-improving technologies;

continuous implementation of preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

predominant use of non-drug means of recovery;

use of simple and accessible technologies;

formation of positive motivation in children to carry out preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

integration of the hardening prevention program into the family;

increasing the efficiency of the system of preventive, hardening and recreational measures through compliance with sanitary norms and rules in preschool educational institutions, optimal motor mode and physical activity, sanitary condition of the institution, catering, air-thermal regime and the use of various forms of recreational work.

preschool and family

Family and kindergarten is the microclimate in which a preschool child lives. This is the environment in which he draws the necessary information and adapts to life in society. At any time, teachers worked with the family of their pupil, seeking support and understanding of the child's problems for the comprehensive development of a harmoniously developed and healthy personality. However, parents, not having sufficient knowledge of the age and individual characteristics of the child's development, sometimes carry out education blindly, intuitively. All this, as a rule, does not bring positive results. Family and kindergarten are two public institutions that stand at the origins of our future, but often they do not always have enough mutual understanding, tact, patience to hear and understand each other. To form a position of cooperation between teachers and children and their parents, it is necessary to create a single space for the development of the child, which should be supported by both the kindergarten and the family.

In order to build effective communication between teachers and parents, it is important to have communication skills, navigate the problems of upbringing and the needs of the family, and be aware of the latest scientific achievements.Communication will be successful if it is meaningful, based on common and significant topics for both parties, if each of them enriches its information baggage in the process of communication. An important condition .....is the creation of models "educator - parent", educator - psychologist - parent". A special form of communication in these models is trust-business contact.

At the stage of initial acquaintance, parents get acquainted with the principles of work of the preschool educational institution and the family: openness, cooperation, creation of an active developing environment, the principle of an individual approach to each family.

Knowing how important the atmosphere of friendly relations between the teacher and parents is, we hold the first parent meeting “Let's Get Acquainted” in an unconventional form. It should be prepared very carefully, because their further cooperation depends on the initial perception of the teacher and the family.In the process of organizing a single health-saving space for preschool educational institutions and families, we use a variety of forms of work: open classes with children for parents; pedagogical conversations with parents - general and group parent meetings; consultations; classes with the participation of parents; exhibitions of children's works made together with their parents; Open days; participation of parents in the preparation and holding of holidays, leisure activities; joint creation of a subject-developing environment; work with the parent committee of the group; trainings;parent living rooms; Confidence mail, questioning. Colorful visual stands in the reception rooms introduce parents to the life of the group, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the age characteristics of children. Practical information is posted in the corners of specialists, interesting facts are given, recommendations are given by a speech therapist teacher, a psychologist, the head of an art studio, physical education and music workers.

As a result, the level of upbringing and educational activities of parents increased, which contributed to the development of their creative initiative. The organization of interaction with the family is a difficult job, which does not have ready-made technologies and recipes. Its success is determined by the intuition, initiative and patience of the teacher, his ability to become a professional assistant in the family.As a result of the work done, the use of various forms and methods of communication with parents, the psychological and pedagogical literacy of parents has increased; the culture of interpersonal interaction of children in the group has increased. Thus, working closely with parents has brought encouraging results.The conditions of life, the moral and emotional atmosphere in which a child lives, is entirely dependent on adults, and they, undoubtedly, are responsible for the happiness and health of children.

Cooperation between kindergarten and family: caring for the health of a preschooler

The socio-economic transformations that took place in our country at the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century led to a change in the usual way of life and moral and value orientations and could not but affect the upbringing of children in the family.

Children's health depends not only on physical characteristics, but also on the level of health development, health literacy and the environmental situation in the country. The health of a child should be assessed in unity with the environment and the adaptive capabilities of the body. Therefore, work on the full physical development and strengthening of the health of children, no doubt, should be carried out by the family and the preschool institution.

The first school of education is the family. Parents are the first teachers of their child. In a family environment, emotional and moral experience is formed, the level of content of the emotional and social development of the child is determined. It is proved that the state of health of parents is one of the leading factors that directly affect the health of the child. This impact is not only purely biological (hereditary), but also manifests itself indirectly through a system of conditions that characterize the way of life of the mother and father, their attitude towards health, and the degree of medical activity.

The preventive activity of people, determined by the awareness of health as a value and the presence of targeted actions to maintain and strengthen it, is now becoming an important factor affecting the health of the population, primarily children. The need to find a job, overload at work, reduced free time for parents lead to a deterioration in their physical and mental condition, increased irritability, fatigue, and stress. Parents habitually throw out their emotions on their children, while both external problems and domestic troubles are blamed on them. The child finds himself in a situation of complete dependence on the mood, emotions and reactions of his parents, which affects his mental health.

Therefore, it is so important to help parents understand that many factors influence the development of a child's personality, and education should not go spontaneously.

To date, the problem of interaction between the preschool educational institution and the family on children's health is one of the most urgent. The family needs support and guidance.

Numerous studies have established the negative impact on the health of the child of early artificial feeding, irrational daily routine, irregular and insufficient exposure to fresh air, low physical activity and bad habits of parents. Elementary adherence to the principles of a healthy lifestyle can neutralize all these negative effects, and, therefore, measures aimed at increasing the medical activity of parents are a task of paramount importance.

The greatest effect of health-improving measures is noted in cases where parents not only strictly follow the doctor's recommendations, but also become supporters of a healthy lifestyle. Only the active position of family members, their cooperation with the preschool institution can achieve the desired results.

Target the work of the kindergarten in this direction is to assist the family in creating conditions for raising children of preschool age, protecting and strengthening their health. It implies the followingtasks:

increase the resistance and protective properties of the child's body through the provision of a healthy lifestyle, optimal motor mode, psychological safety of the individual, the introduction of health-saving technologies;

create optimal conditions to ensure the protection and strengthening of the physical and mental health of children;

carry out the necessary correction of deviations in the development of the child;

to expand cooperation with the family in the formation of the spiritual and moral image of the younger generation, the study and activation of the pedagogical potential of the family;

carry out prevention of antisocial behavior by means of physical culture and sports.

For successful work with parents, we annually conduct a study of the families of pupils, using such methods as questionnaires, conversations with parents and children, observation of children, testing, home visits, etc.

For the conscious participation of parents and teachers of preschool educational institutions in the improvement of the child, special knowledge is needed. Causes of frequent diseases in children, prevention of diseases, caring for a sick child, first aid and prevention of complications - we consider all these issues at parent meetings, round tables. Medical workers of the kindergarten and children's polyclinic (pediatricians, narrow specialists) are invited to such events. In addition, parents get acquainted with the results of diagnosing the state of health of children, their psychomotor development, the content of physical culture and health work in kindergarten, share their positive experience in family education, talk about family traditions that help improve family health. The concept of "family traditions" includes the concept of "way of life". Many diseases and problems are rooted in it. For example, an acute problem of our time is alcoholism and drug addiction.

Along with collective forms of organization, we widely use individual and subgroup conversations, oral journals. Parents are trained in health-improving work in a family setting by specialists from the preschool educational institution: a head nurse, a nurse in a physiotherapy room, a physical education instructor, and a teacher-psychologist. Practical advice is given, medical and pedagogical literature is recommended.

One of the effective methods in this direction is the use of visual agitation. Each group has a health corner, where information for parents about the treatment and preventive measures carried out in a preschool institution will get in the way. There are so-called "health piggy banks" in which material is collected on non-traditional methods of healing, material that promotes a healthy lifestyle. This information is collected not only by doctors and teachers, but also by the parents themselves.

Disease prevention methods are also documented as sanitary bulletins. The medical staff of the kindergarten made up a whole file of them.

Consultations, lectures, seminars are held, practical classes are organized. The topics are very diverse: “If a child is afraid of the dentist”, “Alcohol and offspring”, “Prophylactic vaccinations - protection against infectious diseases”, “Seriously about health”, “Prevention of child injuries”, “We form the need for a healthy lifestyle”, etc.

Open days are regularly organized for parents. In our opinion, this is an effective form of involving family members in the pedagogical process. During the day, fathers, mothers, grandparents have the opportunity to attend morning exercises, physical education classes, walks, tempering procedures and other regime moments. Visitors leave their impressions in the book of reviews and suggestions. Then we analyze all the activities, draw conclusions, sum up. As a rule, parents are very happy. But sometimes they have questions, every statement is important to us. After all, if they didn’t understand something, didn’t perceive it in the right way, it is necessary to take note of this and explain it.

Parents are invited to health days and weeks, which have become traditional in our kindergarten. Moms and dads not only watch, but also become active participants in entertainment, various games, sports holidays: “Together with mom we will overcome all obstacles”, “Dads can do everything in the world”, “Dad, mom, I am a sports family”, “ Interplanetary Olympic Family Games”, “Friendly Family”.

Educators, together with their parents, draw up wall newspapers and exhibitions of drawings on the topics: “The sun, air and water are our best friends”, “A healthy mind in a healthy body”, “In the country of health”, “Active rest of our family”, etc. Parents accept participation in the essay contest “Our family is for a healthy lifestyle”, in which they talk about how they relax, celebrate holidays, weekends, what games they play with children, what sports events they attend, what parent-child relationships are present in the family. Then we make exhibitions of these compositions, because each family shows creativity in the design of their works, they attach codes of family health to them. In addition, kindergarten employees arrange thematic exhibitions: “How to raise a healthy child”, “So that there is no “Tempering from an early age”, etc. Moms and dads are happy to get acquainted with the exhibits, share their impressions. Of course, not all families are active, but many are able to borrow, some parents are reconsidering their views on the nutrition of children.

The results of the diagnostics show that educational, educational and health-improving work organized in this way has a positive effect on the development of children.

We believe that the criteria for interaction between kindergartens on health issues are: a value attitude towards a friend, tolerance, awareness of the parties about the features of the development of health care systems in kindergarten and family, inclusion in joint activities with predictable results.

The staff of our institution is mobilized to implement activities that help achieve certain goals in reducing the incidence. Extensive preventive work with children, parents, employees, of course, has certain positive results.

Outlook:

search and implementation of new models of interaction with the families of pupils on the formation of a healthy lifestyle;

active involvement of parents in the pedagogical activities of the kindergarten in order to strengthen the sense of their personal responsibility for the development of the child, his health;

strengthening and development of close communication and interaction with various social institutions for the introduction of cultural and recreational technologies;

development of the material and technical base of preschool educational institutions.

The transition to a new quality of interaction with the family is possible if the efforts of each participant in the educational process are aimed at preserving and strengthening the physical, mental, social health of children, and at achieving the goals set.

In this way:

One of the aspects of strengthening the health of participants in the pedagogical process of preschool educational institutions is the creation of a health-saving environment. The development of the conceptual directions of a health-saving environment is based on the following tasks:

formation of children's health on the basis of complex and systematic use of physical education means available for a particular preschool institution, optimization of motor activity in the fresh air;

the use in the educational activities of the preschool educational institution of the spiritual, moral and cultural potential of the city, the microdistrict, the immediate environment, the upbringing of children on the traditions of Russian culture;

constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential;

ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

The means to solve these problems can be:

direct training of children in elementary methods of a healthy lifestyle (health, finger, corrective, breathing exercises, self-massage) and the simplest first aid skills for cuts, abrasions, burns, bites; as well as instilling elementary cultural and hygienic skills in children;

rehabilitation measures (herbal medicine, vitamin therapy, aromatherapy, inhalation, functional music, physiotherapy exercises, massage, psycho-gymnastics, trainings);

specially organized motor activity of the child (physical education minutes, recreational physical education, outdoor games, sports and recreational holidays, thematic health holidays, going out into nature, excursions).

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.