Presentation of Arctic animals for preschoolers. Presentation "The Extraordinary Arctic". Progress of direct educational activities

Arctic North of Eurasia and North America, North Islands Arctic Ocean occupy treeless spaces of the Arctic (zones arctic deserts) and Subarctic (tundra zone). The natural conditions are unique, the animal world these zones. In summer, the sun does not set below the horizon for a long time. It continuously wanders low above the melted tundra, above the surface sea ​​waters, over the ice fields. This is especially striking for a person arriving at high latitudes for the first time. At night, as during the day, butterflies flutter from flower to flower, birds fly, feed and sing. With the arrival of summer and the polar day, many animals begin to lead an active life for most of the day, and sometimes even around the clock. For example, small granivorous birds sleep in the middle of a summer night, sometimes for only 12 hours. Seabirds that inhabit bird colonies are active both during the day and at night. In summer, many animals, especially birds, have important advantages in the Arctic and Subarctic. Extending their “working day” by several hours, birds often lay here larger number eggs and raise more chicks than their relatives living further south; chicks often grow faster and leave the nest earlier. But for the animals leading night look life, 24/7 presents considerable inconvenience. Obviously, this is why there are no bats in the Arctic, for example, although mosquitoes and other small insects would have enough food for them here. In winter, the sun in the Arctic does not appear above the horizon for a long time. The snow-covered land and ice are only occasionally illuminated by the moon or colorful flashes of auroras. Those animals that dare to spend the winter here are forced to use twilight to forage or adapt to searching for prey in the dark.

Polar shark The polar shark belongs to the category of little studied fish. Knowledge about her is insignificant. This is primarily due to the fact that the fish lives in harsh, cold waters, and besides, prefers to spend most of its life at depth. This is a predator. You can meet him in the White Sea, in the southern regions Barents Sea and in the waters of the Pechora Sea. According to its size polar shark successfully competes with the white shark. The length of her body reaches 6.5-7 meters. Weight fluctuates within a ton.

Killer whale Killer whale belongs to the dolphin family. the most intelligent, good-natured and safe creatures on earth in the minds of people. It’s unknown what it’s like about good nature, but when it comes to brains, the killer whale is smarter than any dolphin. Her intelligence is in second place after human intelligence. She is the smartest animal on the planet. This mammal lives in all seas and oceans, but has a much greater preference for cool and cold waters than for warm ones. Prefers to live in the Arctic Ocean.

Common eider Both birds and animals feel the lack of heat in the Far North even in summer. They have adapted to use it sparingly and protect themselves from the cold. Geese and ducks line their nests with a layer of down to protect their eggs from cooling. Particularly famous among the northern ducks is the common eider, which nests in colonies (along the coasts of the White, Baltic and Barents seas). The down plucked from the chest and belly by this duck is rightfully considered the best heat-insulating material. It has long been collected from nests and then used in products that should be very light and warm. An elastic layer of this valuable reddish-gray fluff lies under the eggs. When leaving the nest, the eider also covers the eggs with down on top so that they do not get cold and are not stolen by predators.

Guillemots Guillemots are the most common inhabitants of the bird colonies of noisy colonies. seabirds on steep rocky shores northern seas. They lay just one large green or blue egg. And they incubate him almost continuously. Before leaving the rock ledge and flying out to sea, the bird passes the egg to its “mate” (or “wife”), who is already waiting for his turn to incubate. Therefore, in the upper part of the egg, heated by the guillemot, the temperature is maintained at about 3839°. However, the lower part of the egg, although it lies on the bird’s paws, is greatly cooled, and its temperature can drop to 5 or even 1°.

White Owl. No less interesting is the adaptation to protect eggs and chicks from the cold of the snowy owl, which is widespread throughout the tundra zone. These birds begin to breed in the tundra among the first, even at 2030-degree frosts. Having laid the first egg on the frozen ground, without bedding, the female no longer flies from the nest. At this time, the male provides her with food for small rodents. She lays eggs (7, 8 and even 9) every other day, and therefore the hatching of chicks in owl nests is greatly extended. This makes a lot of biological sense. After the older owlets are one day old and the offspring’s food needs increase, the female, leaving the eggs to incubate and the chicks warm to their older brothers and sisters, together with the male, begins to catch and bring prey to the chicks.

Fighting the cold. The very appearance of Arctic animals testifies to the constant struggle against the cold. Thick, very long fur of the polar fox, arctic fox, polar bear, reindeer, thick and dense plumage of guillemots and other seabirds or, conversely, very loose plumage of the snowy owl, retaining a lot of air, thick layer subcutaneous fat in seals they protect animals from heat loss. Animals put on very thick and dense fur or plumage in the fall, on the eve of the arrival of a long, harsh winter. A compact build also helps many Arctic animals stay warm. They are characterized by the small size of the protruding parts of the body, short legs, ears, and beaks in birds. (Compare, for example, the arctic fox and the fox.) The large overall body size of many arctic inhabitants also gives them heat-saving advantages.

Coloring of birds and animals. Most animals and birds in winter are white or very light in color. Some, such as the snowy owl or polar bear, retain it all year round. The biological meaning of this phenomenon is interpreted differently. This coloration is often considered protective, helping predators to hunt and their victims to hide from danger. It is also believed that light-colored animals emit less heat and do not cool down as much. However, all this is not entirely true. The white owl, for example, stands out so much in the summer against the backdrop of the snowless tundra that there is no reason to consider its coloring protective. It has been established that whitening of fur or plumage is associated with increased heat release by animals, which, of course, is very important in the Arctic conditions.

Polar bear No less in need of ice and snow drift, the main enemy of the seal, the polar bear. The entire life of this predator, especially the male, is spent wandering across ice fields. Among the ice, he feels most confident, easily overcomes wide openings by swimming, and finds his way through seemingly impassable piles of hummocks. Bears spend part of the year on land. In autumn they come out to the mountainous Arctic islands. Having chosen a secluded place in a ravine or on a hillside, the female lies down in a shallow hole in the snow, leaving further work on providing shelter to the blizzard. The blizzard sweeps a large snowdrift over the bear. In it she finally completes the den, spends the whole winter, gives birth and feeds the cubs with milk. In the spring, together with the grown-up babies, the mother goes to sea ​​ice and continues the journey interrupted in the fall.

Walruses. In addition to the polar bear and the seal, the most typical animals for the Arctic are the walrus and the narwhal. The walrus is the largest living pinniped. Both males and females have tusks, with the help of which the animals plow up the muddy sea soil, obtaining their main food of mollusks. Narwhal large dolphin spends all year round among arctic ice. Its main feature is a long, straight tusk, which develops only in males (the purpose of the tusk is still unclear).

Narwhal There are a huge number of cetaceans in the order of cetaceans. various types mammals. The most notable among them are narwhals. They owe their popularity to their long horn or tusk, which protrudes straight from their mouth and reaches a length of 3 meters. Such a tusk weighs 10 kg. The narwhal is a fairly large animal. Some representatives of this species reach 5 meters in length. The usual length ranges from 4 meters. The male weighs one and a half tons. Females weigh from 900 kg to a ton. Narwhals have a thick layer of subcutaneous fat. This is not surprising, since their entire life passes in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago region, Greenland and Spitsbergen are their favorite places. They also like the waters near Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya. During winter they can be found in the bays of the Bering Sea. Here they get all the way to the Commander Islands. During this cold season they are also frequent guests in the White Sea.

Lemming When winter comes and snow falls, a relatively calm and prosperous life begins for lemmings, the most characteristic small rodents of the tundra. In summer they become prey for many animals and birds. Arctic foxes and snowy owls, stoats and gulls feed on them and raise their offspring. Even a polar bear, if it finds itself on land, catches and eats lemmings. In the fall, these rodents move to the lowlands and spend the winter under the cover of snow, in warm nests made from grass stems. Here, under the snow, they are well supplied with food various plants and reproduce successfully.

Arctic fox (polar fox) Sea ice makes the islands accessible to land animals. For example, arctic foxes and even reindeer cross ice bridges to remote islands of the Arctic Ocean. At the beginning of winter, Arctic foxes migrate south along the ice of frozen rivers. The soles of this animal's paws are securely covered with hair. Prudent nature did this so that the animal would not freeze them. The ears are also covered with thick fur and are quite small. This does not prevent the arctic fox from hearing perfectly.

Ringed seal The ringed seal is a native inhabitant of the harsh Arctic region. It belongs to the family of true seals and lives in almost all waters of the Arctic Ocean. This animal can also be found near Kola Peninsula, and in the Bering Strait. The ringed seal, which lives in the Arctic, cannot boast large forms. The length of its body rarely reaches one and a half meters. Basically it grows to 1.35-1.4 meters. Grows up to 10 years. Weight is 70 kg. Females are slightly smaller than males. This animal has an excellent sense of smell, perfect acute hearing and excellent vision. The seal's body is thick and therefore visually appears short. The ringed seal is an excellent swimmer and diver. A depth of 50 meters is not the limit for her; she can easily stay under water for 20 minutes. The lifespan of these amazing animals is on average 40 years.

Common seal The common seal lives in the eastern and western parts Arctic Ocean. In the east it is the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea and the Beaufort Sea. The body length of a common seal ranges from 1.85 m, weight is 160 kg. Males are slightly larger than females, but otherwise are practically the same. She lives for years. Males live 10 years less. This animal lives in coastal waters, ignoring long journeys. At the end of summer and autumn it lies on spits and shallows subject to ebbs and flows. Avoids open areas and wide banks. Swims and dives well.

Reindeer Reindeer can be found in the west of the Kola Peninsula, Karelia, Kamchatka, and Western Chukotka. It also exists in the north of Sakhalin. It lives in large numbers on the islands of the Arctic Ocean and thrives in Alaska and northern Canada. The most a large number of deer are observed on the Taimyr Peninsula. The harsh tundra, forest-tundra, and northern taiga are the places where the animal has existed for many thousands of years. It adapted perfectly to both mountainous areas and plains. Subdivided reindeer into wild and domestic. Currently, there are much more domesticated deer.

Resources used ledovityj-okean/

Slide 1

Flora and fauna of the Arctic

Slide 2

Lesson Objectives
1. Form the student’s idea of natural area Arctic deserts. Introduce the peculiarities of the Arctic nature. Show the influence of the natural conditions of the Arctic on the flora and fauna. Introduce animals and plants of the Arctic. Identify signs of adaptation of animals and plants to living conditions.

Slide 3

The Arctic (from the Greek arktikos - northern), the northern polar region of the Earth, including the outskirts of the continents of Eurasia and North America, almost the entire Arctic Ocean with islands, as well as adjacent parts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. There is an ice zone on the Arctic islands.

Slide 4

The sun in the Arctic never rises high above the horizon. Its rays glide over the surface of the earth, giving it very little heat. That's why here is the kingdom of ice and snow. The climate of this polar region is very diverse. Cold gusty winds blow across the silent snowy expanses. The islands are covered with a thick ice shell. Only in some places on the islands is it not present, but even here the land freezes many meters deep. There is almost no soil formation on the Arctic islands.

Slide 5

But not only the islands are covered with a thick ice shell, but also the Arctic Ocean itself. In 1932, the Northern Sea Route was traversed for the first time. That's why important way Caravans of ships move regularly. They are led by powerful icebreakers.

Slide 6

What a miracle - miracles: The skies caught fire! Oh, it’s burning - the flame is blazing Above the sparkling ice! Who lit the wonderful fire, the golden fire of heaven? There is no one behind the cloud. This is light pouring from the sky.
(northern lights)
Winter in the Arctic polar night. For several months in a row the sun does not appear at all - darkness! The moon is shining in the sky, the stars are twinkling. Sometimes auroras of amazing beauty appear - like a multi-colored, iridescent curtain swaying in the dark sky.

Slide 7

Summer in the Arctic is very short. Polar day is setting in. It is as long as the polar night. The sun doesn't disappear behind the horizon at all. But it occupies a very low position in the sky. Sun rays fall so obliquely that they only skim across the surface of the Earth. Therefore, they heat it very weakly. Only the shores and coastal parts of the islands are free of snow and ice in summer. The air temperature here at this time rises slightly above zero.

Slide 8

Few living creatures have adapted to life in the difficult conditions of the ice zone. Lichens, similar to scum, are found on the rocks of the islands.
But suddenly a green ice floe comes across. Where is she here from? It turns out that there are tiny plants that can live on snow and ice. They are called SNOW ALGAE.

Slide 10

K A M N E L O M K A
polar poppy
Here and there you can find SAXIFRAGS and POLAR POPPIES. To get more heat, their leaves are pressed to the ground. The leaves of saxifrage are small, while those of polar poppies are cut into slices. This allows plants to evaporate little water.

Slide 11

In summer, many tiny green algae appear in the seas of the Arctic Ocean. Worms and crustaceans feed on them. The accumulation of worms and crustaceans attracts a variety of fish.
Brown algae
Laurencia algae
Spirogyra algae

Slide 12

The strongest impression is made by " bird markets».
Bird colonies are noisy gatherings of thousands of seabirds on steep rocky shores. From afar you can hear the incessant, multi-voiced hubbub of its inhabitants. And up close a striking sight opens up: countless large birds.
In our country, bird colonies can be seen on the western coast of Novaya Zemlya and in other areas of the Barents Sea, as well as in the north of the Pacific coast. They do not exist all year round, but only during the short northern summer, while the birds incubate their eggs and feed their chicks.
Guillemot nesting

Slide 13

Dead end
Arctic tern
Rocky shores almost completely covered with razorbills, puffins, arctic terns, gulls, and guillemots. Their excited voices can be heard from a great distance. Many birds do not build nests, but lay their eggs directly on bare rocks. Sheer cliffs are a reliable refuge from predatory animals. Birds feed mainly on fish.
Loon
sea ​​gull

Slide 14

polar owl
Ptarmigan
With the onset of winter, all birds fly away to warmer regions. Only ptarmigan and snowy owls remain in the Arctic. Partridges feed on the buds of bushes, and snowy owls hunt partridges. Birds are protected from the cold by a subcutaneous layer of fat and thick plumage.

Slide 15

Walrus
Striped seal
harp seal
Among the ice of the Arctic Ocean there are seals and walruses. Most They spend time in water, so they are well adapted for swimming and diving. They forage in the water, and rest and raise their young on land or on ice floes. Walruses and seals are prevented from freezing by a thick layer of subcutaneous fat. Seals feed mainly on fish. And the walrus edible shellfish from shells, since it has strong lips that allow it to suck them up.
Look at the picture and explain how a walrus differs from a seal.

Slide 16

White bears
Polar bears roam the icy expanses in search of food. The polar bear is a predator. It is remarkably adapted to Arctic conditions. Thick long hair, wide paws, white fur... What is the significance of all this in the life of a polar bear? Male polar bears roam among the ice all year round. And females, future mothers, lie down in snow dens for the winter. Here they give birth to tiny cubs in the dead of winter. In the den, frosts and winds are not scary for the cubs. The mother feeds her milk and warms her. When the cubs grow up and leave the den with their mother, the mother bear will teach them to catch fish, and then seals.

Slide 17

Northern whale
humpback whale
In the vastness of the ocean live huge sea ​​animals– WHALES that feed on small crustaceans. One of the species is Greenland or northern whale. It reaches a length of 15-18 meters. Like many other whales, in its mouth instead of teeth it has special plates called “whalebone”. They serve to obtain food.

Slide 18

Arctic reserve. Located on Wrangel Island, it was organized in 1976. The island is home to the largest ungulate animal in the Arctic - the musk ox, or musk ox, brought to the reserve from America. This animal lived in the territory of our country in the distant past, but then disappeared. It survives in North America. And now scientists have again decided to settle him on Wrangel Island.
Having looked at it in the picture, guess why it is called that.
The musk ox is similar to bulls, but stands closer to mountain sheep. Very thick and long hair. The horns are very thick, curved at the base. Both females and males have horns. It feeds on lichens, mosses and herbaceous vegetation.
MUSKOX

Slide 19

One of the rare animals of the Arctic is the Arctic fox. The color of the Arctic fox can be either black, bluish-gray or light gray. True, for the most part, arctic foxes are completely white, only at the tip of the tail there are black hairs. Arctic foxes have adapted perfectly to harsh conditions Arctic. In the summer they feed on small rodents, and in the winter they pick up leftovers from the polar bear's lunch. They get thrown out by the waves sea ​​fish, sea ​​urchins, dead seal cubs. Seabird colonies are a source of eggs and chicks.

Slide 20

Bottom line
The Arctic - the kingdom of ice and snow The Arctic - the kingdom of ice and snow
Geographical position Arctic Ocean northern seas islands
Illumination polar day and polar night northern lights
Flora lichens and mosses polar poppy saxifrage
Fauna: crustaceans and auk fish, puffins, white partridge, polar owl, guillemot, polar bears, seals, walruses

Animals of the Arctic and Tundra Presentation on the surrounding world Prepared by a student of 4th grade “A” MBOU “Lyceum No. 6” Margarita Usova

Arctic fox Lives in the tundras of Eurasia and North America. Body length with tail – up to 120 cm, weight – 9 kg. The body is covered with thick, warm fur, which is grayish-brown in summer and turns white in winter and serves as an excellent camouflage in the snow. It feeds on any available food, including berries, carrion and seaweed washed ashore, but the main prey of the arctic fox is small rodents (lemmings). Arctic foxes live alone. They form pairs only during the breeding season. There are usually 7–10 puppies in a litter. The male takes an active part in raising the offspring. Following polar bears, they feed on the remains of their prey.

Fur seal Distributed in the northern part Pacific Ocean. The male’s body length is up to 2 m, weight is 300 kg. Females are much smaller. It feeds on fish and squid. In pursuit of prey, it dives to a depth of up to 80 m. During the breeding season seals form mass accumulations on the coast of the islands. In these rookeries, males gather harems around themselves in fierce fights with rivals. The female gives birth to one cub. When the offspring grow up, the seals leave the rookery and spend most of the year in the ocean without going ashore. The dense fur of these animals does not get wet and protects the body from hypothermia, so they can migrate thousands of kilometers.

Polar bear Lives in the area of ​​floating ice and the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Well adapted to the harsh conditions of the North. Body length – up to 3 m, weight – up to 1000 kg. The biggest terrestrial predator among mammals. The main food is seals and seals, and does not disdain carrion (dead walruses). An excellent swimmer and diver, but prey is usually found on ice or on land.

White owl Lives in the Arctic and subarctic. Body length – 56 – 65 cm, weight – 1.3 – 2.5 kg. It feeds on rodents, mainly lemmings. Reproduction depends on the number of lemmings. If there are a lot of them in the tundra in summer, the bird lays up to 10 eggs, but if there are no animals, it does not nest at all. Owls protect their territory from arctic foxes, and geese, snow geese and eiders take advantage of this, nesting under the protection of snowy owls, sometimes close to their nests. This owl has sharp vision. She sees perfectly both day and night, so she hunts at any time.

Common eider Inhabitant of coastal areas of the Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic and northern Pacific coast. The body length of this duck is up to 71 cm, weight is 2 - 2.5 kg. Feeds on a variety of marine invertebrates. Thanks to its strong beak, it easily bites through the shells of mollusks and crustaceans.

Guillemot Like its relative, the auk, the guillemot stays almost vertical on land. Guillemots live in small groups in the seas of the Arctic Ocean until eggs are laid, and then they return to the coast and split into mating pairs. The female lays only one egg, the other one hunts in the sea to feed. The guillemot hunts fish underwater, moving with the help of its strong wings. They allow her to literally “fly” underwater! After the chick hatches from the egg, the parents sit next to it all day, and at night they take turns flying off to look for fish to feed it. Thanks to this tactic, the threat from predators (falcon - peregrine falcon) for the chicks is minimal. And birds such as a jay, a cormorant or a crow cannot destroy a nest in the absence of their parents.

Auk This black and white bird, which is held straight like the letter "i", is very similar to the emperor penguin. But, unlike him, the auk can fly. By the way, she lives in the Arctic (at the North Pole), and not in Antarctica (at South Pole), How emperor penguin. It feeds on plankton, fish, mollusks and crustaceans, which it hunts underwater! Auks live in the open sea for most of the year and come ashore only during the breeding season. They live in colonies and prefer steep cliffs, protecting themselves from their main enemy - the Arctic fox. Even so, auks must be very careful because seagulls love their eggs! The female lays a single egg directly on the ground, protected by several pebbles, and incubates it for more than a month. Both parents bring to the hatched chick small fish. After three weeks, the chick leaves its nest and begins to make forays into the sea.

"Animals of the Arctic" MOU " high school No. 3" student of 4th "A" class Papoyan Arina

Birds The most numerous inhabitants of the vast expanses of the harsh North are birds. The pink gull is a seemingly fragile creature. Its weight does not exceed a quarter of a kilogram, and its body length barely reaches 35 cm. However, this little bird feels quite at ease both in the harsh tundra and above the sea surface covered with drifting ice. Guillemot is a black and white bird. With her attire she resembles a Catholic priest, and with her behavior she resembles a lively market trader. She nests not impregnable steep cliffs, and spends the winter on ice floes without experiencing any discomfort. In this row you can also put the common eider - the northern duck. It is not difficult for her to dive into icy water to a depth of 20 meters. The most ferocious and largest among birds is the polar owl. This is a ruthless predator with yellow eyes and white plumage. It attacks both birds and rodents. It can also feast on the cub of a larger animal - for example, an arctic fox.

Seals These animals of the Arctic form a special cohort and have been living in the Arctic region for thousands of years. These include the harp seal, which is distinguished by a very beautiful pattern on its skin. The bearded seal is one of the largest seals. His height reaches 2.5 meters, and his entire weight is just shy of 400 kg. The harbor seal is smaller in size sea ​​hare, but has very beautiful and expressive eyes. This friendly company also includes ringed seal. She is smaller than her brothers, but more mobile and knows how to dig holes in the snow.

Walruses The walrus is the closest relative of seals. He, like them, is a pinniped, but is larger in size. The length of its body is close to 3 meters, and its weight fluctuates within a ton. In addition, this animal has powerful fangs. He needs them in order to dig up the seabed and thus obtain shellfish for himself, which serves as his main food. Walruses often use their tusks for self-defense and to attack other animals. After all, he is a real predator and can easily eat a gaping seal or seal

Polar bear All animals in the Arctic fear, and therefore respect, the polar bear. This is the largest land predator. Its body length reaches 2.5 meters, weight half a ton. It attacks seals, seals, and walruses. Its strong teeth are familiar to polar dolphins, and the arctic fox always feeds near this mighty beast, receiving scraps from the master's table. The polar bear swims, dives and runs fast. He is the most formidable and dangerous predator arctic lands

Cetaceans From the order of cetaceans that live in the narwhal. It owes its popularity to the Arctic; it is of undoubted interest primarily due to its long horn, which sticks out directly from its mouth. This horn reaches a length of 3 meters and its weight is 10 kg. It is nothing more than an ordinary tooth that has grown to such huge size. This tooth does not cause any inconvenience to the mammal, but why it is needed - there is no definite answer, although there are a lot of different assumptions. bowhead whale is a relative of the narwhal. But its size is many times larger, and instead of a tooth, it has a whalebone and a huge tongue in its mouth. It is with his tongue that he licks the plankton stuck in the whalebone plates. This huge animal is absolutely harmless, northern waters it has been living for many thousands of years. The beluga whale or polar dolphin is also a representative of this company. This is a large animal - its weight reaches 2 tons, and its length is 6 meters. The beluga whale loves to eat fish, and the killer whale never refuses to try the polar dolphin. It rightfully occupies one of the first places among the strongest and largest sea ​​predators. IN arctic waters she is a frequent visitor. Not only beluga whales, but also walruses, seals and seals die from its sharp teeth.

Arctic fox Animals of the Arctic would have lost a lot if there had not been such a predator as the arctic fox among them. Thanks to its beautiful fur, this animal is known far beyond the cold region. It is known in Africa, Australia, and Brazil - after all, women wear arctic fox coats in all corners of the world. Arctic fox - absolutely small beast. Its weight barely reaches 5 kg, and its height at the withers does not exceed 30 cm. But this baby is very resilient and fast. In addition, he loves to travel. It can be found in almost all corners of the Arctic. He often accompanies the polar bear, prudently keeping a respectful distance from the powerful predator.

Lemming This small rodent, slightly larger than a mouse, has for the animal world of the Arctic great value. Almost all animals feed on it, and the population polar owl directly depends on its number. In those years when there are few lemmings, predatory bird does not nest at all. The Arctic fox also loses interest in traveling if the number of small rodents increases sharply. Reindeer also eat it, although their diet mainly consists of plants.

Reindeer A beautiful, fast, graceful animal, dressed in a warm short fur coat, and even having branched antlers on its head, is none other than a reindeer. He lives in the cold tundra, eats moss, which is also called reindeer moss, and feels quite comfortable in the Arctic region. Reindeer also inhabit many islands of the huge cold body of water. This animal weighs about two hundred kilograms, and the height at the withers does not exceed one and a half meters. Reindeer have very wide hooves. Thanks to them, he easily breaks the snow in winter and gets to the withered vegetation hidden under the snow coat.

Dear colleagues, in secondary and older groups Thematic week “Animals of the Arctic” is taking place, during which the teacher plans a variety of games, conversations, and drawings on the topic. The presentation “For children about Arctic animals” is aimed at introducing children to the inhabitants of the North Pole.

Educational presentation “For children about Arctic animals” for older preschoolers

Presentation Objectives

1. Introduce children to natural conditions in the Arctic;
2. Find out how animals adapt to different environments;
3. Activate vocabulary, promote the development of mental processes.

Progress of the presentation

Working with the globe.

Slide 2.

There are places on our planet where there is snow almost all year round, it is very cold and summer comes for only 2-3 weeks. I wonder who can live in conditions permafrost, if only lichens and mosses grow in cold regions? By the way, these places are called the Arctic and Antarctic, or the North and South Pole.

Slide 3, 4.

What is the Arctic?
This is the undivided kingdom of ice and cold. The icy waters of the Arctic Ocean, the endless tundra, rocky islands with steep, ice-covered shores - this is what the Arctic is. Everything here looks harsh, gloomy and inhospitable. Strong icy winds, fogs, heavy snowfalls, polar days and nights are integral components of this region. But among eternal ice and the snow drifts seethe with full-blooded life.

Slide 5, 6, 7.

The polar bear is the most powerful and strong land predator on the planet. Neither lions, nor tigers, nor brown bears. Drifting ice is the home of the polar bear. Nature carefully covered the polar bear's body with warm fur. white. The skin of the animal is black or very dark color. Beneath it is a thick layer of subcutaneous fat.

Fizminutka:

A white bear lives in the north, (they walk in a circle)
But just like the brown one, he doesn’t suck honey. (torso turns)
Our Umka is trying to catch a fish (depict fishing)
To eat deliciously and live without bothering. (pat themselves on the stomach)

Slide 8, 9, 10.

Walrus. This pinniped has a very wide snout. A thick and long mustache grows on the upper lip. The eyes are small and myopic. The walrus sees very poorly, but he has an excellent sense of smell. There are no external ears, but they grow on the skin short hair yellow-brown color.

Slide 11, 12, 13.

Characteristic distinctive feature seals have V-shaped nostrils. By them you can immediately recognize this animal, regardless of the color of the skin. The color can be different. It contains brown, gray and red tones.

When swimming in the water, seals use their hind limbs as a rudder and do not use them for rowing underwater.

Slide 14.

Guess the riddle:
What kind of predator is in the Arctic,
With silky valuable fur,
Swims great in summer
Not afraid of man?
And in winter, careful
And he leads nightlife,
Building holes in piles of snow,
It circles in labyrinths.
He looks like a fox
Barks at a bird from afar...
Both the hunter and the cunning,
Who tell me? ... (Arctic fox)

The arctic fox cannot boast large sizes. The soles of this animal's paws are securely covered with hair. Prudent nature did this so that the animal would not freeze them. The ears are also covered with thick fur and are quite small. This does not prevent the arctic fox from hearing perfectly.

Slide 15.

He also has an excellent sense of smell, but his vision, like all canines, is not sharp. The muzzle is shortened, the body is squat. If you need to give a voice, then the polar fox yelps. It can also growl to scare the enemy.

Slide 16.

With the onset of cold weather, the tundra becomes hungry. The furry predator is forced to leave its habitat. Some Arctic foxes rush north to the Arctic ice zone.

Slide 17, 18, 19.

The reindeer's diet consists mainly of plants. In first place is moss or reindeer moss. The animal takes it out from under its snow coat, spreading it with its hooves. Other lichens, grass, and berries are also eaten. Deer do not disdain mushrooms either. Eats eggs of birds, gaping rodents. It can also feast on an adult bird if given the opportunity.

Physical exercise: “The deer has a big house.”
Reindeer is a faithful helper and breadwinner for humans. Domestic and wild deer are no different in appearance. The only difference is in behavior - some are afraid of people, others are not, considering them their protectors.

Slide 20.

The polar bear, reindeer and walrus are included in the Red Book of Russia. To ensure that these animals do not become extinct and there are more of them in Russia, they are creating nature reserves. There, animals are protected, their characteristics are studied, and conditions for life and reproduction are created.
Take care of animals!

Final part

Working with the Red Book.

Continuing to introduce children to the animals of the northern regions, look.