Golden bamboo lemur. Golden lemur Golden lemur
Hapalemur aureus Meier, Albignac, Peyriéras, Rumpler and Wright,
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Golden lemur(lat. Hapalemur aureus) - a mammal from the genus of gentle lemurs ( Hapalemur) family Lemuridae ( Lemuridae). Distributed only in Madagascar, in the rain forest region in the southeast of the island. The distribution of these animals is closely related to the growth of bamboo.
Appearance
The total body length of the golden lemur reaches 80 cm, half of which is the tail. Body weight 1.2-1.6 kg. Soft fur middle length, the muzzle is short. The head is spherical, the ears are short and hairy. The face is black, with golden-yellow eyebrows, cheeks and throat. Golden bamboo lemurs have virtually no sexual dimorphism, although females top part the body is more greyish.
Behavior
Golden lemurs live in family groups of 2 to 4 animals. The group consists of adult males, adult females and immature individuals. Lemurs communicate with each other using sharp grunts. They lead an arboreal lifestyle. Active early morning and in the evening, as well as at night. They live on areas of about 80 hectares.
Golden lemurs are herbivores. They feed mainly on plants from the Poaceae family, as well as giant bamboos endemic to Madagascar - they eat the leaves and shoots of these plants. Golden lemurs eat an average of up to 500 g of bamboo per day.
During the breeding season, golden lemurs live in family groups, which consist of one male and one or two females. This means that the mating system is either monogamous or polygamous.
Mating occurs from May to September. Pregnancy lasts 135-150 days. The young are born in October-February. There are 1-2 cubs in a litter. Newborns weigh about 32 g. Weaning occurs at 20 weeks of age.
No parental behavior has been recorded in male golden lemurs, meaning all care for the cubs is left to the mother.
Security status
This is a very rare species: in total there are 200-400 individuals of the golden lemur in nature. They are endangered due to habitat destruction, in particular from slash-and-burn agriculture and deforestation. Listed in Appendix I of CITES. Hunting for this species is prohibited. Status
Lemurs (lat. Lemuridae) are a family of prosimians of the mammalian order of primates endemic to Madagascar.
IN Ancient Rome the word "lemur" meant ghost (or spirit). The name lemurs was given to this group of animals because they are primarily nocturnal. The size of these animals ranges from a mouse to a small dog, some fossil lemurs were the size of a large dog.
They live in tropical forests, climb well, run and jump on tree branches. They have grasping paws with well-developed strong fingers, with which they cling to branches or irregularities in the bark.
They feed on fruits, berries, leaves, flowers, some also bark, insects, and their larvae.
Most lemurs are active at night or at dusk, sleeping in hollows or nests during the day. They live in groups (4-10 individuals) and even herds (up to 60 individuals), others in pairs and alone. Pregnancy lasts 2-5 months. They give birth to 1-3 cubs.
Place in classification:
Superclass Quadrupeds - Tetrapoda
Class Mammals - Mammalia
Squad Primates
Suborder Wet-nosed monkeys - Strepsirhini
Infrasquad Lemur-like - Lemuriformes
Family Lemurs - Lemuridae)
Classification of lemurs:
Family Lemuridae, lemurs, lemuridae, lat. Lemuridae Gray, 1821
Genus: Hapalemur Geoffroy I., 1851 = Half-maques, gentle lemurs, hapalemurs, half-lemurs
Species: Hapalemur alaotrensis Rumpler, 1975 = Gray bamboo lemur
Species: Hapalemur aureus Meier, Albignac, Peyrieras, Rumpler and Wright, 1987 = Golden bamboo lemur
Species: Hapalemur griseus Link, 1795 = Gray lemur (hapalemur)
Species: Hapalemur meridionalis Warter, Randrianasolo, Dutrillaux & Rumpler, 1987 = Southern rump lemur
Species: Hapalemur occidentalis Rumpler, 1975 = Lesser Western bamboo lemur
Species: Hapalemur simus Gray, 1870 = Broad-nosed lemur
Genus: Lemur Linnaeus, 1758 = Poppies, (common) lemurs
Species: Lemur catta Linnaeus, 1758 = Catta, ring-tailed lemur
Genus: Eulemur (=Petterus) Simons & Rumpler, 1988 = Eulemur
Species: Eulemur albifrons (=fulvus) E. Geoffroy, 1796 = Common brown lemur
Species: Eulemur cinereiceps A. Grandidier & Milne-Edwards, 1890 = Gray-headed lemur
Species: Eulemur collaris E. Geoffroy, 1812 = Red-collared lemur
Species: Eulemur coronatus Gray, 1842 = Crowned lemur
Species: Eulemur flavifrons Gray, 1867 =
Species: Eulemur macaco Linnaeus, 1766 = Black lemur, macaco lemur
Species: Eulemur mongoz Linnaeus, 1766 = Mongo, mongoz, mongoose lemur
Species: Eulemur rubriventer Geoffroy I., 1850 = Rufous-bellied lemur, Red-bellied lemur
Species: Eulemur rufifrons Bennett, 1833 =
Species: Eulemur rufus Audebert, 1799 = Red-breasted Lemur
Species: Eulemur sanfordi Archbold, 1932 = Sanford's black lemur
Genus: Varecia Gray, 1863 = (Lemurs) vare
Species: Varecia variegata Kerr, 1792 = (Lemur) vari
Species: Varecia rubra E. Geoffroy, 1812 = Rufous fluffy lemur
Genus Polumaki, gentle lemurs, hapalemurs, half-lemurs(lat. Hapalemur, Geoffroy I., 1851)
The sizes of semi-poppies are medium and large (the largest in the family). Body length is approximately 28-46 cm. The length of the tail is generally equal to the length of the body. The head is rounded.
Meek lemurs have a short muzzle. The low ears are densely covered with hair. The limbs are relatively short, with wide hands and feet. The terminal phalanges of the fingers have large pads. The hair is of medium length, soft. Its color is brownish-gray, reddish-gray, grayish-green or reddish-green on the dorsal side and whitish, dirty yellow, gray or yellowish on the ventral side. The head is darker.
Females have two pairs of nipples, one located almost on the shoulders, and the other on the belly. On the inside of the wrist gray lemur There is a specific skin gland. All teeth, except the posterior ones, have sharp cutting edges. The diploid number of chromosomes in the gray lemur is 54-58.
Polumaki are inhabitants of forest areas, especially where there are bamboo thickets. Most often they live in family groups, sometimes alone. Nocturnal activity. They feed mainly on bamboo, but readily eat insects, especially orthoptera. Female gray lemurs give birth to one cub in the nest in December-January. Pregnancy is approximately 160 days. Lactation is about 6 months. Half poppies get along well in captivity and are quickly tamed. In captivity they lived up to 12 years.
Gray bamboo lemur(lat. Hapalemur alaotrensis, English. Lac Alaotra bamboo lemur, Rumpler, 1975)
These are the smallest of the bamboo lemurs, weighing less than 900 g. The coat color is gray, with a reddish spot from the neck to the head. Active during the daytime.
Females live in groups, the family group consists of a pair and their offspring, 3-6 individuals in total. Females are dominant in the family. They breed in a certain season, the gestation period is much shorter than that of related lemurs that have the same body mass. Cubs are born weak, at an early stage of development. The mother leaves the cubs in a nest or hollow of a tree, and occasionally moves it.
Golden bamboo lemur(lat. Hapalemur aureus, English. Golden bamboo lemur, Meier, Albignac, Peyrieras, Rumpler and Wright, 1987)
The golden bamboo lemur lives in forests with thickets of giant bamboo and bamboo grass. It feeds on plants of the Gramineae family, the giant bamboo Cephalostachium viguieri - leaves and young shoots, as well as bamboo grass, eating 500 g of bamboo per day.
A daily dose of golden bamboo lemur contains enough cyanide to kill many animals 12 times over.
A very rare species, the number of which hardly exceeds 200-400 individuals. It is found in Madagascar, where it lives in small populations in the rain forests in the southeast of the island. This is the middle of three species of bamboo lemurs, the size of a cat (about 800 mm), the tail length is half the length of the body, and the weight is 1-1.6 kg. The fur is soft, of moderate length, the muzzle is short, the head is round, the ears are short and woolly. The face is black, eyebrows, cheeks and chest are golden yellow. The belly, inner thighs and tail are yellow, the back and upper thighs are brown-gray. The male and female are almost the same in color, although the back of females may be darker in color than that of males.
The golden bamboo lemur is nocturnal and is especially active at dawn and in the evening. Lemurs gather in groups of 2-4 or 6 individuals. The group from Ranomafana Park consisted of an adult pair, a cub and an adult juvenile, occupying an area of 80 hectares.
Gray lemur(lat. Hapalemur griseus, English. Eastern Lesser Bamboo Lemur, Link, 1795)
Gray Hapalemur - Hapalemur griseus alaotrensis - is found in the rain forests of eastern Madagascar. There are related subspecies: Eastern lesser bamboo lemur - Hapalemur griseus griseus; Western lesser bamboo lemur - alemur griseus occidentalis; Alaotra bamboo lemur - Hapalemur griseus alaotrensis; Subspecies of Fort Dauphine - Hapalemur griseus meridionalis.
They live in tropical rain forests, where bamboo grows, and eat leaves that have a high cyanide content.
Southern bamomo lemur(lat. Hapalemur meridionalis, English. Southern lesser bamboo lemur, Warter, Randrianasolo, Dutrillaux & Rumpler, 1987)
Found in humid forests in the south of Madagascar in the vicinity of the town of Tôlanaro in the town of Mandena.
The closest relative of the gray lemur, later identified as a separate species.
Lesser western bamboo lemur(lat. Hapalemur occidentalis, English. Western lesser bamboo lemur or Northern Bamboo Lemur or Western Gentle Lemur, Rumpler, 1975)
Gray lemurs of this group are found in the rain forests of eastern Madagascar.
They live in tropical rain forests, where bamboo grows, and eat leaves that have a high cyanide content.
The total length is 55-67 centimeters, more than half of which is occupied by the tail. The average weight is just under 1 kg. Lives in several discontinuous areas in the north and west of Madagascar, including the Ankarana Analamerana to the north, the Sambirano and Ampasindava peninsula to the northwest, and various areas in the west between the Mahavany and Tsiribihina rivers.
Broad-nosed lemur(Latin Hapalemur simus, English greater bamboo lemur (Prolemur simus) or broad-nosed bamboo lemur or broad-nosed gentle lemur, Gray, 1870)
The broad-nosed hapalemur, or large bamboo lemur - Hapalemur simis - is the largest of the bamboo lemurs, one of the rare mammals.
Found in the vicinity of Ranomafana and in the Andringitra National Park.
Body length 90 cm, weight 2.4 kg. Leads a nocturnal lifestyle. Lives in humid forests, where it feeds for the most part bamboo, as well as flowers, leaves and fruits.
Greater bamboo lemurs live in groups of 4-12 individuals. Until 1972, it had not been seen by Western scientists for a hundred years. Until the mid-1980s. Only one population was known in Ranomafana National Park, located in the southeastern part of Madagascar. Since the 1990s several new populations were noted. The number of Hapalemur simis is limited by the bamboo growth boundary.
Genus Maquis or common lemurs(lat. Lemur, Linnaeus, 1758)
Catta, ring-tailed lemur(Latin Lemur catta, English Ring-tailed lemur, Linnaeus, 1758)
The ring-tailed lemur, or ring-tailed lemur, or catta, is the most famous species of the lemur family. This species belongs to a separate genus, although many experts place it in the genera Eulemur or Hapalemur. The Madagascar name for the ring-tailed lemur is maki.
Ring-tailed lemurs are found in the south and southwest of the island of Madagascar on dry open spaces and in the forests. They live from Fort Dauphin in the west and north to Monradov on the west coast. A small population of lemurs is found in the Andringitra Mountains on the southeastern plateau.
These are slender animals, comparable in size to cats. The body length is from 38 to 45 cm, and the black and white striped tail ranges from 55 to 62 cm. On the back, the fur is gray, sometimes pinkish-brown, the limbs are gray, the head and neck are dark gray. Belly and inner side The paws are white, the muzzle is white with dark triangular spots around the eyes and a black nose. The tail has 13 black and white stripes. A long tail serves ring-tailed lemurs for signals between relatives, as a distributor of odors, and also for maintaining balance when climbing and jumping. The weight of ring-tailed lemurs can reach 3.5 kg, while the weight of the tail can be more than 1.5 kg.
Of all the lemurs, ring-tailed lemurs spend the most time on the ground, an adaptation to partially arid environments. environment. Ring-tailed lemurs are active at night and lead a very social lifestyle. They are found in groups of 20 to 30 individuals. There is a strict hierarchy within the groups; the leaders are mainly females. They have preferential rights in choosing food and a partner. While females usually remain in the groups they were born into, males move to new groups repeatedly. The family group ranges from 15 to 57 acres. Males have sharp fingertips, with which they scratch the bark of young trees; glands on the paws permeate the bark with a pungent odor, marking the boundaries of the territory. Every day, lemurs walk around their territory in search of food. They show aggression towards strangers. Ring-tailed lemurs willingly sit in the sun and enjoy its warmth, spreading their arms to the sides.
Their food consists mainly of fruits, but their menu also includes leaves, flowers, herbaceous plants, cacti and occasionally insects.
Ring-tailed lemurs give birth to one baby at a time, and twins are occasionally encountered. The offspring are usually born between August and October, at the beginning of the rainy season. Females reproduce annually, the duration of pregnancy is approximately 222 days, and the weight of the cub at birth is from 80 to 120 g. The newborn grabs onto the mother’s fur and hangs on it. In the first months, females carry their cubs on their stomachs, later on their backs. At the age of 1-2 months, the cub begins to leave the mother's back and makes independent forays, returning to the mother during sleep and feeding. At the age of 5-6 months, the cubs become independent. After five months they wean themselves off milk. The lifespan of ring-tailed lemurs ranges from 34 to 37 years.
Compared to other lemurs, the ring-tailed lemur is relatively common. However, the International Union for Conservation of Nature also defines it as endangered, as its population is declining. Currently, the total number of ring-tailed lemurs is estimated at 10,000–100,000 individuals. The main threats include destruction of living space and hunting, carried out partly for commercial reasons.
The tail is perfect for allowing the ring-tailed lemur to maintain balance while sitting on a thin branch. Playing important role and in balancing jumps. In social behavior, the striped tail of lemurs is of great importance. When a ring-tailed lemur walks on the ground, it holds its tail vertically for better visibility. With the help of their tail, males carry out so-called “smelly fights”. They lubricate the tail with secretions from the armpits and stick it out towards the opponent. In this way, disputes about ranks in the social hierarchy are resolved and the area is protected against out-groups. Because of the tail, the animal received English name“Ring-tailed lemur” (Russian ring-tailed lemur).
Genus Eulemurs or common lemurs(lat. Eulemur (=Petterus), Simons & Rumpler, 1988)
Common brown lemur(Latin Eulemur albifrons (=fulvus), English Common brown lemur E. Geoffroy, 1796)
The Madagascar name is Varika. It lives in southeastern Madagascar from the Mananara River near Vangaindrano, south to Fort Dauphine. According to other sources, it inhabits western Madagascar north of the Betsiboka River, as well as Mayotte and the Comoros Islands.
This is a small animal the size of a cat, body and tail length 50 cm, weight 2.6 kg. Males are brownish-gray in color with dark stripe on the back, with a dark tail with a fluffy tip, the inside of the body - chest, belly and thighs - is lighter. Females have reddish-brown fur and a gray muzzle. Both have a distinct beard, which is reddish-brown in females and cream or reddish-brown in males.
Brown lemurs live in permanent groups consisting of 3-12 individuals, and groups of 29 lemurs were also found on the island of Mayotte. They occupy an area of 7-20 hectares. During the day, during feeding, the large group is divided into several small ones, which come together at night. They inhabit wooded areas of mountain plateaus. They feed on fruits, young leaves and flowers.
The lifespan of brown lemurs in nature is 20-25 years. Puberty occurs at the age of 1-2 years. The mating season begins in June-July. Pregnancy 120 days. Cubs are born one per year, in a season from September to November. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From the age of three weeks, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 5-6 months he becomes completely independent.
or white-collared lemur(lat. Eulemur cinereiceps or, English. Gray-headed lemur or gray-headed brown lemur, A. Grandidier & Milne-Edwards, 1890)
Before a taxonomic revision in 2008, it was known as the white-collared lemur (Eulemur albocollaris).
Lives in the southeast of Madagascar in a limited area of approximately 700 km2 between the Manampatrana and Mananara rivers.
(lat. Eulemur collaris, English. Collared brown lemur or red-collared brown lemur, E. Geoffroy, 1812)
Red-collared lemurs are primarily forest dwellers, leading a diurnal lifestyle. These animals are excellent climbers and can cross long distances by jumping from tree to tree. The tail, which is not adapted for grasping, is used for balancing.
On land, these animals almost always move on all four limbs. They live in groups of 2 to 15 individuals. The gestation period is 125 days. Throughout the summer or early autumn (shortly before the start of the rainy season), females give birth - usually two cubs. The babies cling tightly to their mother's fur, and when they get older, they crawl onto her back. After about 5 months they stop breastfeeding, and at 18 months they are already adult animals.
Life expectancy is estimated at 18 years, but may be longer in captivity. Red-collared lemurs are almost exclusively herbivores: they feed on flowers, fruits, leaves, but examples of feeding on insects are known in captivity.
(lat. Eulemur coronatus, eng. Crowned lemur, Gray, 1842)
The crowned lemur lives in dry and wet forests in the far north of Madagascar on the Cap d'Ambray peninsula and in the southwest to Ambilob. It is a small animal the size of a cat, body length 34 cm, tail 45 cm, weight 2 kg. Males and females have a characteristic marking in the form of a V-shaped spot on the top of the head, resembling a crown. Males are gray or dark brown with a dark tail, gray muzzle and black nose. Females are lighter in color, have a grayish coat, and the chest and belly are almost white.
They live in permanent groups of 5-15 individuals, usually 5-6 lemurs on an area of 14.4 hectares, which may be the common possession of several groups of lemurs. The male is the leader in the group, and not the female, like many lemurs; he has the right to be the first to choose food and a partner. Outside the group, the female leads. During the day, during feeding, the large group is divided into several small ones, which come together at night. They feed on fruits, young leaves, and sometimes insects.
Sexual maturity occurs at the age of 20 months. The mating season is at the end of May - June. Pregnancy lasts 125 days. Cubs are born one per year (sometimes twins), in mid-September - early October. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From 5 weeks of age, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 5-6 months he becomes independent.
Life expectancy in nature is 20 years.
(lat. Eulemur flavifrons, eng. Blue-eyed black lemur, Gray, 1867)
Sclater's black lemur, or blue-eyed lemur, is a small animal the size of a cat. Found in the south of Sambirano in northeastern Madagascar. Other populations are found south of the Andranomalaza River near Moromandia and south of the Sandrakota River near Befotak. This species of lemur inhabits dry western forests, coffee and citrus plantations, which are interspersed with wooded areas. Body length 41 cm, tail - 55 cm, weight 2.4 kg. In life and behavior it resembles black lemurs, but differs from them in the color of their coat: although the males are completely black, the females have a color from reddish-brown to gray. Distinctive feature species are Blue eyes, which distinguishes them from other primates.
They live in groups of 2-15 individuals, with an average of 7-10. Females lead the family and have an advantage in choosing food and mating partners. Lemurs spend a lot of time caring for their fur and grooming, thus expressing loyalty and sympathy to other members of the group. Structure of teeth lower jaw resembles a comb, with the help of which hair care is carried out.
Puberty occurs at the age of 2 years. Mating season is from June to July. Pregnancy lasts 126 days, the only calf is born in September-November. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From the age of three weeks, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 5-6 months he becomes completely independent.
They feed on ripe fruits, leaves, flowers, and sometimes insects. Life expectancy is 20-25 years.
Black lemur, macaque lemur(lat. Eulemur macaco, eng. Black lemur, Linnaeus, eng. 1766)
The common black lemur is found in the north-west of Madagascar, as well as on the islands of Nosy and Nosy Komba. This is a small animal, the size of a cat, body length 41 cm, tail 55 mm. Weight 2.4 kg. Males are completely black, while females have a brownish-gray back. The chest is whitish, the muzzle is black. The ears are trimmed black in males, white in females.
They live in family groups of 7-10 individuals; there have also been groups of 2-15 animals living in the same territory. Females lead the family. At night, several neighboring groups can gather together. They engage in grooming, in this way expressing loyalty and sympathy to other members of the group. The structure of the teeth of the lower jaw resembles a comb, with the help of which hair care is carried out.
Black lemurs live in forests different types, found on coffee plantations and cashew trees. They feed on ripe fruits, leaves, and sometimes insects.
Sexual maturity occurs at 2 years. Life expectancy is 20-25 years. The mating season is in June - July, pregnancy lasts 126 days, cubs (1 per year) are born in September - November. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From the age of three weeks, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 5-6 months he becomes completely independent.
Mongo, mongots, mongoose lemur(lat. Eulemur mongoz, eng. Mongoose lemur, Linnaeus, 1766)
The Mongots lemur lives in the dry forests of northeastern Madagascar, on the islands of Mogeli and Anjoan and in the rain forests of the Comoros Islands. This is a small lemur the size of a cat, body length with head 35 cm, tail 19 cm. Weight 2 kg. The coat color of females and males is different. The female has a gray head with a white beard, the shoulders, limbs and fur on the head are black. Males are darker and have a reddish-brown beard.
They feed on flowers, fruits and leaves.
They live in groups of 3-4 individuals, the family consists of an adult male and female, as well as their offspring. In the family, females dominate, choosing food and mates. A family group's territorial holdings are small and often shared with neighboring groups. The female gives birth to 1 cub in mid-October. He spends the first three weeks clinging to the fur on his mother's chest. At 5-6 months they try adult food and show signs of independence. Upon reaching sexual maturity at 2.5-3.5 years, females and males leave the family. Violation of the territory occurs quite rarely, and no particularly aggressive actions were observed; confrontation was expressed by exchanging loud screams, displaying threat postures, and marking territory with scent and urine.
Rufous-bellied lemur, Red-bellied lemur(Latin Eulemur rubriventer, English Red-bellied lemur, Geoffroy I., 1850)
The red-bellied lemur lives in the upper and middle layers of the rainforest in the forests on the east coast of Madagascar. This is a small lemur the size of a cat, body length with head 40 cm, tail 50 cm. Weight 2 kg. The coat color of females and males is dark brown and chestnut in color, and the tail is black. The female has a light-colored chest and a white or cream-colored belly. Males have a darker, reddish-brown underparts. Males have a white eye rim and a secretion gland on the top of the head.
Lemurs eat flowers, fruits and leaves of 67 species of plants.
They live in groups of 2-5 individuals, the family consists of an adult male and female, as well as their offspring. In the family, females dominate, choosing food and mates. A family group's territorial holdings are small and often shared with neighboring groups. The mating season takes place in May-June, pregnancy lasts 120 days, the female gives birth to 1 cub in September-October. He spends the first weeks clinging to the fur on his mother's chest, after two weeks he travels on her back until he is 5 weeks old, then he moves onto his father's back, who nurses him until he reaches the age of 100 days. At 5-6 months they try adult food and show signs of independence. Upon reaching sexual maturity at 2.5-3.5 years, females and males leave the family. Violation of the territory occurs quite rarely, and no particularly aggressive actions were observed; confrontation was expressed by exchanging loud screams, displaying threat postures, and marking territory with scent and urine.
They often engage in grooming, for which a comb from the teeth of the lower jaw is used. Lifespan 20-25 years.
(Latin Eulemur rufifrons, English red-fronted lemur or red-fronted brown lemur or southern red-fronted brown lemur, Bennett, 1833)
Until 2001, it was considered a subspecies of the common brown lemur. In 2001, the howl was identified as a separate species.
Lives on the western coast of Madagascar between the Tsiribihina River north and south of the Fiheranana River (Isalo Nature Reserve) and in the eastern part of Madagascar between the Mangoro and Onive rivers in the Andringitra mountain range (Kirindy Nature Reserve). Lives in dry forests in the lowlands.
Weight - from 2.2 to 2.3 kg. The head and body are 35 to 48 cm long and the tail is 40 to 55 cm long.
Red-breasted lemur(Latin Eulemur rufus, English red lemur or rufous brown lemur or northern red-fronted lemur, Audebert, 1799)
The Madagascar name is Varika. Found in the west and east of Madagascar, there is a small population in the Berently Nature Reserve (southern Madagascar).
This is a small animal the size of a cat, body length 40 cm, tail 55 cm, weight 2.7 kg. Males are gray or brownish-gray in color, females have reddish-brown fur, and both have light patches around the eyes. Males have a cap of red wool on the top of their head.
They live in permanent groups consisting of 4-18 individuals, usually 7-8 lemurs in a small area of 0.75-1 hectares. The leader of the group is the male, and not the female, as in many lemurs. During the day, during feeding, the large group is divided into several small ones, which come together at night.
Red-breasted lemurs feed on leaves, shoots, bark and flowers of the Tamarindus indica tree. Puberty occurs at the age of 2 years. The mating season begins in June. Pregnancy 120 days. Cubs are born at a rate of one per year, during the season from September to October. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From the age of three weeks, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 4-5 months he becomes independent.
Lemurs spend a lot of time caring for their fur and grooming, thus expressing loyalty and sympathy to other members of the group. The structure of the teeth of the lower jaw resembles a comb, with the help of which hair care is carried out.
Sanford's black lemur(lat. Eulemur sanfordi, eng. Sanford's brown lemur, Archbold, 1932)
It lives only in one place in northern Madagascar: south of the Ampasiindawa peninsula to the Mahavavv rivers in the west and Manambato in the east.
This is a small animal the size of a cat, body length 40 cm, tail 50 cm, weight 2.3 kg. Males and females are the same color - light or dark brown on the back, the inside of the body is lighter in color. Males have whitish-red pubescence on the ears and a thick beard of the same color, which forms a kind of mane. The nose and the area around the nose and eyes are black, forming a "T" shape on the muzzle.
They live in permanent groups of 15 individuals, usually 3-9 lemurs in an area of 14.4 hectares, which may be the common possession of several groups of lemurs. The leader of the group is the male, and not the female, as in many lemurs. During the day, during feeding, the large group is divided into several small ones, which come together at night. Lemurs feed on fruits, and sometimes on other parts of plants and invertebrates.
Puberty occurs at the age of 2 years. Mating season is at the end of May. Pregnancy 120 days. Cubs are born one per year, in September-early October. The cub clings to the mother's fur and for the first three weeks is inseparably with her, hanging on her chest. From the age of three weeks, he begins to take his first independent steps and tastes the basic food that his mother or other members of the group feed him. At the age of 5-6 months he becomes independent.
Lemurs spend a lot of time caring for their fur and grooming, thus expressing loyalty and sympathy to other members of the group. The structure of the teeth of the lower jaw resembles a comb, with the help of which hair care is carried out.
Life expectancy in nature is 20-25 years.
Genus Lemurs vari or fluffy lemurs(lat. Varecia, Gray, 1863)
The genus Lemurs vari, or fluffy lemurs - Varecia are represented by one species, within which two subspecies are distinguished: the black-and-white fluffy lemur Varecia variegata variegata and the red fluffy lemur Varecia variegata rubra.
They are similar in size and behavior, but differ in color. The black-and-white lemur has a black tail, a black muzzle with white fur, and a black-and-white spotted coat. The rufous lemur has a black tail, muzzle and paws, a reddish-brown body and White spot between the shoulders.
Lemur Vari or Lemur black and white fluffy(lat. Varecia variegata, English. Black-and-white ruffed lemur Kerr, 1792)
The black-and-white fluffy lemur lives in the rain forests of eastern Madagascar at altitudes of up to 1200 m above sea level. Body length including head 55 cm, tail 60 cm. Weight 30.5-4.5 kg. The coat is colored with spots of black and white, the location of which is different in different populations of the species.
Lemurs of this species live in families of 8-16 individuals, usually 2-5. Each group has its own territory, and all group members are aggressive towards trespassers. Females dominate the family and form the backbone of the group. They have the right to primarily choose food and a partner.
Members of the group constantly call out to each other, giving signals in case of danger (the latter are about 12 species). Natural enemies are snakes (boa constrictor), eagles and other predators. During the rainy season, females gather in large groups, and during drought they scatter in search of food. They feed on fruits and leaves, nectar and shoots.
Rufous ruffed lemur or Rufous fluffy lemur(Lat. Varecia rubra, English. Red ruffed lemur, E. Geoffroy, 1812)
The rufous fluffy lemur lives in the subtropical forests of the Masoala Peninsula near Maroansetra in northeastern Madagascar. They are found east of the Antainambalana River, which is the natural distribution limit of black-and-white and rufous fluffy lemurs. Body length including head 55 cm, tail - 60 cm. Weight 3.5-4.5 kg. The fur is red-brown in color and has a white patch on the back of the neck. The chest, tail, forehead and inner parts of the limbs are black.
Lemurs of this species live in families of 2-16 individuals, usually 2-5. Each group has its own territory, and all group members are aggressive towards trespassers. Females dominate the family and form the backbone of the group. They have the right to primarily choose food and a partner. Members of the group constantly call out to each other, giving signals in case of danger (the latter are about 12 species). Natural enemies are snakes (boa constrictor), eagles and other predators. During the rainy season, females gather in large groups, and during drought they scatter in search of food. They feed on fruits and leaves, nectar and shoots.
Puberty occurs at the age of 2 years. The mating season takes place in May-July. The duration of pregnancy is 90-102 days. A female gives birth to up to 6 cubs, the usual number being 3 - these are the only primates that give birth to such a large litter. The female has six teats and is capable of nursing an entire litter. Unlike other primates, female fluffy lemurs do not carry their young, but place them in leaf nests while they feed.
Lemurs often groom each other's fur, thereby expressing their affection for group members. For grooming, they do not use their fingers, but a kind of comb made from the lower teeth. Life expectancy in nature is 15-20 years.
A lemur is a mammal of the order Primates, suborder Wet-nosed monkeys, infraorder Lemur-like, family Lemuridae.
About 50 million years ago, at the dawn Cenozoic era, the first primates appeared on planet Earth. Over time, they divided into 2 groups - monkeys and prosimians. About 25 million years ago, prosimians gave rise to a group of lemurs. In those distant times, lemurs flourished, but were later driven out from everywhere by real monkeys. But there is still a place on Earth where these ancient and mysterious creatures. The magical island of Madagascar, which is often called the “Island of Lemurs,” has become the habitat of these unique representatives of the fauna.
The word “lemur” itself means “spirit of the deceased” or “ghost”. These animals with saucer-like eyes were considered ghosts because many of them are nocturnal, disturbing the silence of the tropical forest with their sometimes piercing, sometimes mournful cries. And according to local belief, the dead, or those who left people and went to live in the jungle, move into lemurs. In fact, lemurs are charming and harmless creatures.
Lemurs have thick hair of various colors, a fluffy and long tail, an often elongated muzzle, and large, close-set eyes. The limbs are grasping with well opposable thumbs. Nails grow on all fingers, only on the lower extremities one finger has a long claw, which is used by animals for hygienic purposes - with its help they care for their fur and clean their ears..
How many live on the island? different types and subspecies of lemurs, no one can say for sure. Every year, scientists describe more and more new species. If at the end of the 20th century 31 species were classified as lemur-like, today more than a hundred species of lemurs are known, grouped into five families.
Different species of these animals can differ significantly both in appearance and size, and in their lifestyle. So, if the dwarf mouse lemur weighs no more than 50 grams, then Indri’s weight can reach 10 kilograms.
Nature designed it in such a way that the habitats of all types of lemurs on the island are scattered in spots. Each species has characteristics of behavior, habitat and rhythm of life. Some species hang on trees all day long and slowly consume greenery, while others spend more time on the ground hunting insects and small vertebrates. Among these animals there are both diurnal and nocturnal species. Daytime ones are usually larger and brighter in color; they love to soak up the sun, lying on the branches of trees. Night wanderers awaken at dusk, filling the forest with screams, start a “marathon” and go in search of food, often covering vast distances. They are even brighter-eyed than their diurnal relatives.
Even the principles of building a lemur family differ from species to species. Some are monogamous, others prefer polygamous harem families, and still others change partners every year.
All lemurs are extremely interesting, amazing and charming. Let's talk about some types in more detail.
Indri - the “giant” among lemurs
They say that they once lived in Madagascar huge lemurs, whose weight reached 200 kilograms! Today, the largest lemur is recognized as the short-tailed Indri (Indri indri), which lives in the northeastern regions of the island. The body length of a babakoto (as the local population calls indri) can reach 90 cm; The indri's tail, compared to other species, is short - about 5 cm. The animal's muzzle is elongated and slightly resembles a dog's, the ears are large and shaggy, and the lips are red. The fur all over the body is very thick with a white-gray-black pattern, and the muzzle is almost hairless.
Lemur indri The indri's diet consists almost entirely of leaves, some of which are poisonous. To neutralize toxins that enter their bodies, the animals periodically eat the soil.
Indri is not only the largest living lemur, but also perhaps the noisiest. If you are lucky enough to be in Andasibe-Mantadia National Park, early in the morning you can hear the shrill cries of flocks of indri calling to each other, claiming rights to their territory.
Babakoto are also famous for the fact that they are the most faithful among the entire lemur kingdom. Once they create a pair, they keep it for life. Females occupy a privileged position in the family.
Lemur Vary - a plush miracle
Lemur vari The variegated lemur (Varecia variegata) is another large representative of the family. These beauties live in the rain forests of the eastern part of the island and feed mainly on fruits. They prefer to live in groups of up to 30 individuals. Matriarchy reigns among the Vars, i.e. females dominate here.
Look at the photo: the lemur's body resembles a plush toy, and its fingers are just like human ones!
And in this species, females also dominate - the leader of a group of 15-20 animals is the largest of the adults.
Bamboo lemur - a charming “gourmet”
There are three species of bamboo lemurs known to science: the golden lemur (Hapalemur aureus), the broad-nosed lemur (great bamboo lemur) (Prolemur simus) and the gray bamboo lemur (Hapalemur griseus).
It is not for nothing that the animals received such a name, because they cannot imagine their life without succulent bamboo, and each species prefers certain varieties. Between 90 and 98% of their diet comes from bamboo shoots, stems, seeds and fruits. It is noteworthy that bamboo shoots contain cyanide in high concentrations; for most mammals these substances are fatal, but not for the lemur - he spends almost all his time in the bamboo thickets and puts fresh leaves in his mouth, being distracted only to sleep.
The golden bamboo lemur is the rarest species. It is the size of a cat and weighs 1-1.5 kg.
Golden bamboo lemur In the photo below, the great bamboo lemur is one of the largest species, found in the southeast of Madagascar.
Great bamboo lemur Undoubtedly, all lemurs are charming creatures, but perhaps the cutest are gray bamboo lemurs. These little elves are found in the east and north of the island.
Gray bamboo lemur Catta is the most popular lemur
Perhaps the most famous and “promoted” lemur by popular culture is the catta lemur (Lemur catta) or ring-tailed lemur. The local population calls it "maki".
His distinctive feature– a luxurious ponytail with black and white rings. By the way, another name for this lemur is “ring-tailed.” It lives in dry woodlands in the south of Madagascar. Catta is the size of a cat, but truly beautiful. The bright white muzzle is decorated with large golden eyes framed by black glasses. The belly, chest, neck and ears are completely white, the fur on the back is gray or pinkish-brown. It is noteworthy that the entire skin of the body is black.
This lemur is called a cat lemur not only because of its long and fluffy tail. The sounds that the catta makes resemble meowing and purring. But this is in a calm state. When the animal is excited or frightened, it squeals loudly and shrilly.
In many reserves, ring-tailed lemurs are practically not afraid of people and can even allow themselves to be petted. Unlike their brothers, they spend a lot of time on the ground. They can walk, leaning on all 4 limbs and raising their tail high, or they can move only on their hind limbs, holding their body upright. In addition, they are capable of making fantastic leaps while remaining upright, just like humans.
In the homes of exotic lovers, it is the ring-tailed lemur that can be found most often than others.
Little hand - the most unusual lemur
The little hand, also known as the Madagascar little hand, also known as the aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) is a truly alien creature. Outwardly, the aye-aye is completely different from its fellow lemurs. There was a time when, due to the peculiar structure of the teeth, the baton was even classified as a tropical rodent. Scientists argued for a long time about what species this should be classified as, but in the end they came to the conclusion that this is not a rodent, but special kind lemurs, only slightly deviating in development from the general trunk of the group.
The slender body, approximately 40 cm long, is covered with hard, straight dark brown or black hair, the tail reaches 60 cm. The muzzle is short compared to other species, decorated with orange-yellow or greenish eyes and huge leathery ears.
Madagascar bats live in the dry forests of the western part of the island. Seeing this lemur in person is not so easy; the animal is nocturnal and comes to the ground only occasionally.
Sifaka - the most jumping lemur
Verreaux's sifaka or crested indri (Propithecus verreauxi) lives in the northern part of the island. It is also called the dancing lemur, because it moves along the ground by jumping on its hind legs, with its arms spread wide. From the outside it seems as if he is performing some kind of funny dance. In general, sifakas are absolute champions in jumping and flying. They can easily jump onto the second floor of a residential building!
Sifaka is popularly called a sun worshiper. When the sun rises, he sits on a tree branch, raises his hands and freezes. It seems as if the animal is praying to its gods. In fact, lemurs bask in the sun specifically to warm their wrists. In this place there are glands that secrete a special lubricant. Hanging on a tree, the animal leaves its scent on the bark, which makes it clear to strangers whose territory it is.
The tiniest lemur
The dwarf mouse lemur (Microcebus myoxinus) is the smallest of the genus mouse lemurs(you can read more about miniature lemurs). It lives in dry forests in the west of the island. The weight of the lemur does not exceed 40 grams. Look at the photo, the lemur fits comfortably in the palm of your hand, and the baby’s tail is larger than itself!
Sadly, there are very few lemurs left on our planet. Today, almost all known species have become rare and are listed in the Red Book. And man became the reason for the disappearance of these charming creatures. And if from your own natural enemies in nature - hawks, lemurs can hide in the foliage, then there is no salvation from a person who exterminates animals for commercial purposes, and also cuts down forests and bamboo groves, depriving the animals of their natural habitat. If this continues, then the only place where these amazing defenseless animals can find shelter will be zoos.
In contact with
Species: Hapalemur simus Gray, 1871 = Broad-nosed lemur, Great bamboo lemur
The greater bamboo lemur is the largest of the three species of bamboo lemurs. Its most distinctive feature is a pair of large, prominent white ear tufts.
The great bamboo lemur was previously thought to be found only in western, northern and central Madagascar, but in the early 1990s the species was discovered in several new locations. In the Andringitra area, the great bamboo lemur was found up to an altitude of 1210-1625 meters. The great bamboo lemur prefers to live in primary tropical forest, and is closely associated with thickets of giant bamboo. This species has also been observed in agricultural plantations adjacent to bamboo thickets.
Currently, due to the continuous destruction of the great bamboo lemur's rainforest habitats, human agricultural activities and poaching, the distribution of this lemur is limited to a few small isolated patches of rainforest near the southeast coast of Madagascar, at Vohiparara in the west, Kianjavato in the east and centrally located in the Ranomafana area; as well as in the forests in the vicinity of Vondrozo east of Farafangana. Its population is only 1000 individuals, so the species is listed in the International Red Book.
The great bamboo lemur has a grayish tint 
This is the color of the skin on the dorsal side, with an olive or greenish-brown color on the shoulders and top of the head. Lemurs of this species from a recently discovered isolated settlement have golden-red fur. The ventral side is grayish-brown. The tail of this species is gray-brown at the base and darkens at the tip. The greater bamboo lemur has a large scent gland on its throat. The muzzle is dark, the cheeks, forehead, and throat are brownish-gray. The body length of the larger bamboo lemur is about 45–48 cm, the tail is about 44 cm, and the lemur weighs 2.2 - 2.5, on average 2.4 kg.
The greater bamboo lemur is crepuscular and nocturnal: it is active at dawn and dusk, and often at night. As social animals, they live in groups of 4 - 7 and sometimes up to 12 individuals. The typical numerical and social composition is not entirely clear. One group examined consisted of one adult male, two adult females and juveniles: two sub-adults, two juveniles, and two infants. Sometimes the great bamboo lemur is found in mixed groups of different species, in particular they form associations with the species Hapalemur griseus and Eulemur fulvus.
Sound (voice or vocal) communication is important in the life of lemurs. Their contact signal is a loud, shrill sound, the intensity of which increases and then quickly decreases as it is performed. This call serves as the signal for the group to gather.
The signal call consists of a low roar that decreases in intensity as it is issued. The sounds of this call sound like "grrraaa" and are possibly divided into two parts and sound like "ouik-grrraaa" repeated over a long period of time and in quick succession. This sound is made when individuals are very worried or scared about something. 
These lemurs are territorial animals. Their family plot can have an area from 62 to 100 hectares.
When the bamboo lemur is on the ground, it uses a quadpedal (four-legged) mode of locomotion.
The greater bamboo lemur is a herbivorous species. By far the main part of his diet consists of bamboo. The front teeth are well developed and specialized for eating bamboo. In a study of one group of great bamboo lemurs, it was found that they spent 95% of their time feeding on just one type of plant - giant bamboo, 3% on other types of bamboo, 0.5% on fruits, and 1.5% on other types of food (according to mostly mushrooms). Almost 98% of their diet consists of very low energy foods. Bamboo has a high cellulose content and low protein content.
It consumes different parts of bamboo plants depending on the season. Between July and November, the greater lemur consumes mostly the pith of the giant bamboo. It obtains the soft pith by tearing apart woody bamboo shoots with its powerful jaws. When new young bamboo shoots begin to grow (usually in December), greater bamboo lemurs completely switch to them.
Interestingly, lemurs eat parts of young shoots containing cyanide in quantities that would normally be fatal to any other animals and humans, without any adverse effect on their body.
This specialization of the great bamboo lemur's diet is very unusual in the world of mammals. Only a handful of animals have adapted to feeding on bamboo, including the panda, other bamboo lemurs (gray bamboo lemur (Hapalemur griseus) and golden bamboo lemur (Hapalemur aureus)) in Madagascar, and bamboo rats (including Rhizomys sinensis, R. pruinosus, and R. sumatrensis), found in China and parts of Southeast Asia.
Greater bamboo lemurs usually enter into mating relationships in May - June. Female greater bamboo lemurs usually give birth during the transition period between dry and wet seasons, usually in November.
After 149 days of pregnancy, the female gives birth to one baby every year. Females have one pair of nipples. Babies remain in contact with their mothers until they are five weeks old. Between seven and eight weeks of age, the baby will begin to explore its surroundings, moving further and further from its mother.
Bamboo lemur babies are weaned after 8 months. Marked interesting feature that baby bamboo lemurs sometimes suck their toes.
Young males of the greater bamboo lemur disperse and reach sexual maturity when they reach the age of 3 - 4 years
The maximum lifespan in captivity exceeds 15 years; in nature, they live much shorter. Threats to the survival of the greater bamboo lemur include the ongoing destruction of its bamboo rainforest habitats: slashing and burning of forests and the creation of agricultural land in their place.
Ranomafana National Park was established in 1991 to conserve two species of lemur discovered in the forests there five years earlier. The area of the protected zone is about 40 thousand hectares of tropical rainforest and tropical rainforest. The park was named after the nearby village of Ranumafana, where there are hot water outlets and a balneological resort.
From the village side there is a path into the national park along which you can easily enter without a ticket, but to see the lemurs it is better to take a guide, which is what I did in half with a German in order to share the harsh burden of prices rising every year.
Representatives of the genus Hapalemur, which in Russian are called gentle lemurs, eat mostly only bamboo, which is why they are also unofficially nicknamed bamboo lemurs. These animals are really very humble and cute. At Vakona Lodge they are the charm!
(Hapalemur aureus) is the first reason for the formation of Ranumafana National Park. This is a very rare animal, discovered only in 1986, with a tiny habitat. According to various sources, there are from 200-400 to 1000 individuals left in nature. This is very little, especially considering the fact that this species does not take root in zoos. So all hope lies in Ranumafana National Park... There is a primatological center in the park that aims to understand the secrets of the biology of bamboo lemurs - after all, there are still many blank spots in their way of life.
In good light (which is very rare in conditions of dense bamboo), the fur of this lemur really takes on a golden hue. Look how handsome they are, all you have to do is look out for the Sun.
In the shade, their fur appears grayish-brown.
They live in family groups consisting of several adult females and males and young animals.
In February we were lucky to see a female with a fairly large cub, more than a year old, therefore.
Cubs of this species are born in October-February after a 5-month pregnancy and remain with their mother for quite a long time. Only breastfeeding can last for six months... Only the female takes part in raising the offspring, but the father doesn’t care about his children.
The weight of an adult lemur can reach 1.6 kilograms. Because the golden lemurs They feed on low-calorie bamboo; they can eat up to a third of their own weight in young bamboo shoots per day.
We watched a group of these animals for quite some time. The distance was 5-10 meters, which is enough for good shooting.
The second reason for the establishment of Ranumafana National Park is broad-nosed lemur (Prolemur simus) was also discovered in 1986 and was originally part of the genus Hapalemur. But then it was separated into a separate monotypic genus. This is the most close-up view bamboo lemurs, its weight can reach 2.5 kilograms. We met a large male very close, literally “nose to nose.” That's why good photos it turned out a lot.
But everything is on the same topic: a lemur is sitting, eating bamboo.
By the way, he can eat not ordinary bamboo, but poisonous one - with a high content of cyanide, and this scoundrel will get away with anything. How he manages not to grunt from severe poisoning is something scientists are still studying. And while scientists are studying, you know, he’s coming up with a “yummy” treat.
By the way, next to the lemur we found a local who did not leave the lemur, not a single step, and constantly made notes in a notebook - it turned out to be an observer at the primatology center, collecting field material for research. The lemur looked at him like he was a long-bored object of shit.
Now broad-nosed lemurs fewer than 500 individuals remain in 11 isolated micropopulations, most of which are in Ranumafana and Andringitra national parks. Just like the previous species, it does not live in zoos - it can only be seen in nature.
Broad-nosed lemurs live in large groups, sometimes exceeding 20 individuals. Social structure Such groups are not yet clear; most likely, the leader is the male. Due to high socialization, this species has a “rich language” of various sounds for communication between group members. These amazing animals live for quite a long time - up to 17 years.
The male we observed, according to the guide, was a renegade and lived alone. We filmed the loner from all angles and moved on, and our hero remained sitting in the bamboo forest on bamboo and eating bamboo.
Well, let's wish him a bon appetite, good resistance to cyanide and continue our promenade through the Ranumafana forest in search of other species of lemurs. There are 12 of them in total and our task is to see as many as possible.
(Eulemur rubriventer) – representative of the genus common lemurs, which include brown, black, mongoose and other lemurs. Unlike the somewhat retarded bamboo lemurs, these were running through the trees like crazy. Their food spectrum is wider: fruits, leaves, flowers, buds - so there is more than enough energy.
This species has pronounced sexual dimorphism. The male is brown, often with a reddish belly and a very bright muzzle.
The female is red, the belly is light and the muzzle is not so bright.
This species lives in the east of Madagascar along a mountain range. It forms monogamous groups of up to 10 individuals. Each group owns a territory of 10-14 hectares, which they protect from their relatives. Both partners take part in raising the offspring, which distinguishes them from bamboo lemurs, where this heavy burden falls exclusively on the thin female shoulders.
Red-bellied lemurs are very active, constantly in some kind of bustle and movement.
We watched the group for quite a long time and there were moments when the animals were less than two meters away from us, so we got a good look at them. And you can see it from the photographs.
Lemurs are amazing animals and you can watch them forever. Grace, unusual appearance, cuteness. Yes, guys, Madagascar cannot be shelved...
Nature there is disappearing at a rapid pace, and only in national parks can one see the remnants of its former splendor.
Met high in the branches Eulemur rufifrons– this species does not have a Russian name.
I already talked about this type in an article about private natural park, so I won’t repeat myself here.
Lemurs vari (Varecia variegata) were also seen high in the treetops during a siesta.
I will talk about this species in detail in the following articles. I saw the wari up close at Palmarium and held it in my arms at Vakona Lodge.
Often seen in Ranumafana National Park and Edwards' sifaku (Propithecus edwardsi) is an endangered large and spectacular species. But we were unlucky, and they are usually seen in another part of the park - where we did not go.
Visiting information
Visiting time: all year round.
Price:
Admission ticket:
Adult - 55,000 ariary
Child - 25,000 ariary
Guide:
General excursion for 2-4 hours - 75,000 ariary for a group of up to 4 people
General excursion for 6 hours - 105,000 ariary for a group of up to 4 people
Trekking in search of sifaka - 120,000 ariary for a group of up to 4 people
Bridwatching for the whole day - 197,000 ariary for a group of up to 4 people
Infrastructure: parking, restaurant, dormitory, camping