Agriculture and industry are the two main types of material production. The main tasks of agricultural production are the cultivation of cultivated plants and the breeding of animals in order to obtain food and raw materials for industry. To solve these problems, the most important natural resources are used: land, water, electricity, plants and animals, as well as agricultural machinery. Agriculture is divided into two branches: crop production and animal husbandry.
Crop production provides the population of the country with food, animals - with vegetable feed, and many industries - with raw materials. Plant growing includes field growing, vegetable growing, fruit growing, viticulture, meadow growing, forestry and floriculture.
Animal husbandry provides the population with food, living draft power, light industry - with raw materials, and crop production - with organic fertilizers. The livestock industry is divided into cattle breeding, pig breeding, poultry farming, sheep breeding, horse breeding, beekeeping, fish farming and other industries.
Crop and livestock farming as branches of agriculture are closely related. They comprehensively (jointly) solve the problems of improving the quality and quantity of the crop, increasing milk yields, animal weight gain, etc. The use of certain technological operations, modern technology, and scientific achievements makes it possible to solve these problems more successfully.
Agricultural technologies are otherwise called agricultural technologies (from the Latin "agrarius" - land).
Agricultural technologies are a set of techniques in crop and livestock production aimed at increasing plant productivity, increasing livestock production, as well as improving the quality of all agricultural products. Agricultural technologies include technological operations for preparing seeds for planting and sowing, for caring for plants, a system for protecting them from pests and diseases, methods for harvesting, storing it, etc.
Agricultural technologies provide for the widespread use of agricultural machinery and a decrease in the share of manual labor in production. In the fields, various agricultural equipment is used for this: tractors, tools for surface tillage (ploughs, harrows, cultivators), sowing and harvesting combines, sprayers, etc. Small-sized equipment can be used in household, summer cottage and school plots.
The leading specialists in agricultural production are agronomists, animal engineers, veterinarians and mechanical engineers. They are assisted by master field growers, gardeners, vegetable growers, florists, in animal husbandry, by machine milking masters. All technical operations in the fields and livestock farms are carried out by machinists of various profiles and other workers and agricultural specialists.
Plant growing: field growing, vegetable growing, fruit growing, viticulture, meadow growing, forestry and floriculture; animal husbandry: cattle breeding, pig breeding, poultry farming, sheep breeding, horse breeding, beekeeping, fish farming; agricultural technologies.
Heat or, conversely, excessively heavy and prolonged rains in summer, abnormal snowfalls or the absence of minimal snow cover in winter - now such phenomena are far from uncommon. But these natural anomalies directly affect the cultivation and production of food necessary to provide for the population of our country.
Only accurate knowledge and effective application of modern food manufacturing technologies will increase the production of high-quality food, while categorically excluding the use of dangerous gene mutations.
Agrarian (agricultural) technologies are the interrelation of methods and techniques in animal husbandry and crop production, which increase the yield of agricultural crops, increase the number of livestock while maintaining and improving the quality of the products produced.
Special technological procedures for preparing seeds for sowing, optimal ways of caring for plants, their maximum protection from diseases and various pests, effective methods of harvesting and storing crops - all these are agricultural technologies.
The strategy for the development of agro-industrial construction provides for the expansion of the production of components, large-scale investments in technology and R&D. Particular attention is paid to improving the technical level of agricultural machinery and agricultural equipment.
In construction, preference is given to the creation of complex full-cycle structures from cultivation to delivery of the finished product. This is done through the introduction of modern high-tech equipment for the production and processing of vegetables and fruits, meat of large animals and poultry, grain and vegetable oil, pasta, dairy products and juices.
For modern and progressive agricultural technologies, a constant decrease in the percentage of manual labor and the extensive use of various types of agricultural machinery are indispensable. This can be large-sized equipment - sprayers, tractors, cultivators, plows, harvesters, harrows.
In small cultivated areas (dacha and garden plots), small-sized devices can also be used.
Agricultural production specialists - livestock specialists, veterinarians, mechanics, field growers, gardeners, vegetable growers, machine drivers.
Today, agriculture is committed to the use of innovative technologies, which include the creation of new improved varieties of seeds, methods of raising domestic animals, the invention of innovative ways to process and dispose of agricultural waste, the manufacture of effective and safe fertilizers.
It is very important that the state, agricultural universities, institutions for the development and improvement of agriculture, and finally, business, jointly create such conditions for the growth of the agricultural economy so that all the latest achievements in this area would ensure the competitiveness of the country.
Now the technologies of genomic analysis, which are used for plant and animal breeding and for quality control of grown products, have deservedly developed. Therefore, the development of domestic breeding centers in crop and livestock production is of great importance.
In our country, there has been a huge breakthrough in the field of precision farming (a strict ratio of the level of soil fertility and the amount of fertilizer applied), because we have the latest developments in the field of space and satellite technologies. This is a huge advantage for our country.
In addition, the analysis of the soil made by scientists over the past 7 years clearly presented the dynamics of improvement and deterioration of fertility in different areas.
Of course, there are enough problems in the agricultural sector, but their solution is seen in a more rational and careful use of natural resources and in improving the culture of land use.
Development will have a beneficial effect on the further growth of agriculture:
Currently, research is actively ongoing to create new, improved in all respects, plant and animal species, to optimize and improve the forms of farming.
The exhibition of advanced technologies and equipment in the field of agriculture "Agroprodmash" shows the achievements of hundreds of companies from dozens of countries around the world.
The exhibition provides a real opportunity to communicate and interact with representatives and leaders of leading enterprises.
In addition, each participant can get acquainted with visually presented information on the implementation of specific specialized solutions in enterprises.
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