What is there in the military unit? Hierarchy of military formations. How many people are in a platoon in the army of modern Russia?
Very often in feature films and literary works On military topics, terms such as company, battalion, and regiment are used. The number of formations is not indicated by the author. Military people, of course, are aware of this issue, as well as many others related to the army.
This article is addressed to those who are far from the army, but still want to navigate the military hierarchy and know what a squad, company, battalion, division is. The number, structure and tasks of these formations are described in the article.
Smallest formation
A division or branch is minimum unit in the hierarchy of the Armed Forces of the Soviet and later Russian army. This formation is homogeneous in its composition, that is, it consists of either infantrymen, cavalrymen, etc. When performing combat missions, the unit acts as a single unit. This formation is led by a full-time commander with the rank of junior sergeant or sergeant. Among military personnel, the term “chest of drawers” is used, which is short for “squad commander.” Depending on the type of troops, units are called differently. For artillery the term “crew” is used, and for tank troops “crew”.
Unit composition
This formation consists of 5 to 10 people serving. However, a motorized rifle squad consists of 10-13 soldiers. Unlike the Russian army, in the United States the smallest army formation is a group. The US division itself consists of two groups.
Platoon
In the Russian Armed Forces, a platoon consists of three to four sections. It is possible that there are more of them. Number personnel is 45 people. The leadership of this military formation is carried out by a junior lieutenant, lieutenant or senior lieutenant.
Company
This army formation consists of 2-4 platoons. A company can also include independent squads that do not belong to any platoon. For example, a motorized rifle company may consist of three motorized rifle platoons, a machine gun and an anti-tank squad. The command of this army formation is exercised by a commander with the rank of captain. The size of a battalion company ranges from 20 to 200 people. The number of military personnel depends on the type of military service. Thus, in a tank company the smallest number of military personnel was noted: from 31 to 41. In a motorized rifle company - from 130 to 150 military personnel. There are 80 soldiers in the landing force.
A company is the smallest military formation of tactical importance. This means that company soldiers can perform small tactical tasks independently on the battlefield. In this case, the company is not part of the battalion, but acts as a separate and autonomous formation. In some branches of the military, the term “company” is not used, but is replaced by similar military formations. For example, cavalry is equipped with squadrons of one hundred people each, artillery with batteries, border troops with outposts, and aviation with units.
Battalion
The size of this military formation depends on the type of troops. Often the number of military personnel in this case ranges from 250 to a thousand soldiers. There are battalions of up to one hundred soldiers. Such a formation is equipped with 2-4 companies or platoons, operating independently. Due to their significant numbers, battalions are used as the main tactical formations. It is commanded by an officer of at least the rank of lieutenant colonel. The commander is also called “battalion commander”. Coordination of the battalion's activities is carried out at the command headquarters. Depending on the type of troops using one or another weapon, the battalion can be tank, motorized rifle, engineering, communications, etc. A motorized rifle battalion of 530 people (on BTR-80) may include:
- motorized rifle companies, - mortar battery;
- platoon material support;
- communications platoon.
Regiments are formed from battalions. In artillery the concept of battalion is not used. There it is replaced by similar formations - divisions.
Smallest tactical unit of armored forces
A TB (tank battalion) is a separate unit at the headquarters of an army or corps. Organizationally, a tank battalion is not included in tank or motorized rifle regiments.
Since the TB itself does not need to enhance its firepower, it does not contain mortar batteries, anti-tank or grenade launcher platoons. The TB can be reinforced by an anti-aircraft missile platoon. 213 soldiers - this is the size of the battalion.
Regiment
In the Soviet and Russian armies, the word “regiment” was considered key. This is due to the fact that the regiments are tactical and autonomous formations. Command is exercised by a colonel. Despite the fact that regiments are called by types of troops (tank, motorized rifle, etc.), they may contain different units. The name of the regiment is determined by the name of the predominant formation. An example could be motorized rifle regiment, consisting of three motorized rifle battalions and one tank. In addition, the motorized rifle battalion is equipped with an anti-aircraft missile battalion, as well as companies:
- communications;
- intelligence;
- engineering and sapper;
- repair;
- material support.
In addition, there is an orchestra and a medical center. The regiment's personnel does not exceed two thousand people. In artillery regiments, unlike similar formations in other branches of the military, the number of military personnel is smaller. The number of soldiers depends on how many divisions the regiment consists of. If there are three of them, then the number of military personnel in the regiment is up to 1,200 people. If there are four divisions, then the regiment has 1,500 soldiers. Thus, the strength of a battalion of a division regiment cannot be less than 400 people.
Brigade
Just like the regiment, the brigade belongs to the main tactical formations. However, the number of personnel in the brigade is higher: from 2 to 8 thousand soldiers. In a motorized rifle brigade of motorized rifle and tank battalions, the number of military personnel is twice as large as in a regiment. The brigades consist of two regiments, several battalions and companies auxiliary purpose. The brigade is commanded by an officer with the rank of colonel.
Division structure and strength
The division is the main operational-tactical formation, composed of various units. Just like a regiment, a division is named according to the branch of service that predominates in it. The structure of a motorized rifle division is identical to that of a tank division. The difference between them is that a motorized rifle division is formed from three motorized rifle regiments and one tank, and a tank division is formed from three tank regiments and one motorized rifle. The division is also equipped with:
- two artillery regiments;
- one anti-aircraft missile regiment;
- jet division;
- missile division;
- helicopter squadron;
- one company chemical protection and several auxiliary ones;
- reconnaissance, repair and restoration, medical and sanitary, engineering and sapper battalions;
- one battalion electronic warfare.
In each division under the command of a major general, from 12 to 24 thousand people serve.
What is the body?
The army corps is a combined arms formation. In a tank, artillery, or corps of any other type of army there is no predominance of one or another division. There is no uniform structure when forming buildings. Their formation is significantly influenced by the military-political situation. The corps is an intermediate link between such military formations as a division and an army. Corps are formed where it is impractical to create an army.
Army
The concept “army” is used in the following meanings:
- The country's armed forces as a whole;
- ground troops;
- large military formation for operational purposes.
An army usually consists of one or more corps. It is difficult to indicate the exact number of military personnel in the army, as well as in the corps themselves, since each of these formations has its own structure and strength.
Conclusion
Military affairs is developing and improving every year, enriched with new technologies and branches of the military, thanks to which in the near future, as the military believes, the way of waging wars may be radically changed. And this, in turn, will entail an adjustment in the number of personnel of many military formations.
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Number of military units in the Russian Federation
Number of company, battalion, regiment, etc.
Branch
In the Soviet and Russian armies, a squad is the smallest military formation with a full-time commander. The squad is commanded by a junior sergeant or sergeant. Usually there are 9-13 people in a motorized rifle squad. In departments of other branches of the military, the number of personnel in the department ranges from 3 to 15 people. In some branches of the military the branch is called differently. In artillery - crew, in tank troops- crew.
Platoon
Several squads make up a platoon. Usually there are from 2 to 4 sections in a platoon, but it is possible large quantity. The platoon is headed by a commander with the rank of officer. In the Soviet and Russian armies this is ml. lieutenant, lieutenant or senior. lieutenant. On average, the number of platoon personnel ranges from 9 to 45 people. Usually in all branches of the military the name is the same - platoon. Usually a platoon is part of a company, but can exist independently.
Company
Several platoons make up a company. In addition, a company may also include several independent squads not included in any of the platoons. For example, in a motorized rifle company there are three motorized rifle platoons, machine gun compartment, anti-tank squad. Typically a company consists of 2-4 platoons, sometimes more platoons. A company is the smallest formation of tactical importance, that is, a formation capable of independently performing small tactical tasks on the battlefield. Company commander captain. On average, the size of a company can be from 18 to 200 people. Motorized rifle companies usually have about 130-150 people, tank companies 30-35 people. Usually a company is part of a battalion, but often the existence of companies as independent formations. In artillery, a formation of this type is called a battery; in cavalry, a squadron.
Battalion
Consists of several companies (usually 2-4) and several platoons that are not part of any of the companies. The battalion is one of the main tactical formations. A battalion, like a company, platoon, or squad, is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineer, communications). But the battalion already includes formations of other types of weapons. For example, in motorized rifle battalion In addition to motorized rifle companies, there is a mortar battery, a logistics platoon, and a communications platoon. Battalion commander Lieutenant Colonel. The battalion already has its own headquarters. Usually, on average, a battalion, depending on the type of troops, can number from 250 to 950 people. However, there are battalions of about 100 people. In artillery, this type of formation is called a division.
Regiment
In the Soviet and Russian armies, this is the main tactical formation and a completely autonomous formation in the economic sense. The regiment is commanded by a colonel. Although regiments are named according to the branches of the military, in fact this is a formation consisting of units of many branches of the military, and the name is given according to the predominant branch of the military. The number of personnel in the regiment ranges from 900 to 2000 people.
Brigade
Just like a regiment, it is the main tactical formation. Actually, the brigade occupies an intermediate position between a regiment and a division. A brigade can also consist of two regiments, plus battalions and auxiliary companies. On average, the brigade has from 2 to 8 thousand people. The brigade commander, as well as the regiment, is a colonel.
Division
The main operational-tactical formation. Just like a regiment, it is named after the predominant branch of troops in it. However, the predominance of one or another type of troops is much less than in the regiment. On average, there are 12-24 thousand people in a division. Division commander, Major General.
Frame
Just as a brigade is an intermediate formation between a regiment and a division, so a corps is an intermediate formation between a division and an army. The corps is already a combined arms formation, that is, it is usually deprived of the characteristic of one type of military force. It is impossible to talk about the structure and strength of the corps, because as many corps exist or existed, so many of their structures existed. Corps commander, Lieutenant General.
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How many people are in a company, battalion, etc.
This will be my first blog post. It’s not a full-fledged article in terms of the number of words and information, but it’s a very important note, which can be read in one breath and has almost more benefits than many of my articles. So, what is a squad, platoon, company and other concepts known to us from books and films? And how many people do they contain?
What is a platoon, company, battalion, etc.
- Branch
- Platoon
- Battalion
- Brigade
- Division
- Frame
- Army
- Front (district)
These are all tactical units in the branches and types of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. I have arranged them in order from least number of people to most to make it easier for you to remember them. During my service, I most often met with everyone up to the regiment.
From the brigade and above (in number of people) during the 11 months of service, we didn’t even say. Perhaps this is due to the fact that I do not serve in a military unit, but in an educational institution.
How many people do they include?
Department. Numbers from 5 to 10 people. The squad is commanded by the squad leader. A squad leader is a sergeant's position, so commode (short for squad leader) is often a junior sergeant or sergeant.
Dear reader! Starting with the definition of branch and further through the article, there will be many military ranks. If you don’t yet understand which rank is higher - senior lieutenant or major, then I advise you to first read this article.
Platoon. A platoon includes from 3 to 6 sections, that is, it can reach from 15 to 60 people. The platoon commander is in charge of the platoon. This is already an officer position. It is occupied by a minimum of a lieutenant and a maximum of a captain.
Company. A company includes from 3 to 6 platoons, that is, it can consist of from 45 to 360 people. The company is commanded by the company commander. This is a major position. In fact, the commander is a senior lieutenant or captain (in the army, a company commander is affectionately and abbreviated as a company commander).
Battalion. This is either 3 or 4 companies + headquarters and individual specialists (gunsmith, signalman, snipers, etc.), a mortar platoon (not always), sometimes air defense and tank destroyers (hereinafter referred to as PTB). The battalion includes from 145 to 500 people. The battalion commander (abbreviated as battalion commander) commands.
This is the position of lieutenant colonel. But in our country, both captains and majors command, who in the future can become lieutenant colonels, provided they retain this position.
Regiment. From 3 to 6 battalions, that is, from 500 to 2500+ people + headquarters + regimental artillery + air defense + fire-fighting tanks. The regiment is commanded by a colonel. But maybe also a lieutenant colonel.
Brigade. A brigade is several battalions, sometimes 2 or even 3 regiments. The brigade usually has from 1,000 to 4,000 people. It is commanded by a colonel. The abbreviated title for the position of brigade commander is brigade commander.
Division. These are several regiments, including artillery and, possibly, tank + rear service + sometimes aviation. Commanded by a colonel or major general. The number of divisions varies. From 4,500 to 22,000 people.
Frame. These are several divisions. That is, in the region of 100,000 people. The corps is commanded by a major general.
Army. From two to ten different divisions
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Motorized rifle division
motorized rifle division strength, motorized rifle division Dzerzhinsky
Motorized rifle division Mechanized Division, Motorized Infantry Division- a tactical formation of mechanized infantry, which forms the basis of ground forces in the armed forces of many states
In early history, the term was also applied to motorized infantry formations.
- 1 Terminology
- 11 Modernity
- 12 Previous historical stages
- 2 Mechanized and motorcycle rifle divisions by country
- 21 USSR
- 211 1939-1941
- 212 1945-1957
- 213 1957-1991
- 22 Germany
- 221 1933-1945
- 222 Post-war period and modern times
- 23 USA
- 24 France
- 25 Russia
- 21 USSR
- 3 See also
- 4 Notes
- 5 Links
Terminologyedit
Modernityedit
At the present historical stage, the term motorized rifle division, both in Russian and foreign sources, English motor rifle division, is applied exclusively to ground forces formations Russian Federation and ground forces of Turkmenistan1 Previously, the term was applied to formations of the ground forces of the USSR2 and to some formations of the CIS states before the transition to a brigade recruitment scheme
Units of a similar level in other states, with a similar organizational structure, are called mechanized divisions (English: mechanized division21)
In Soviet and Russian sources, to describe the equivalent of a motorized rifle division in other countries, including NATO countries, the definition of motorized infantry division is also used2
Previous historical stagesedit
It should be taken into account that at previous historical stages the terms motorized rifle division, motorized infantry division and mechanized division had a different meaning than in modern times
For example, motorized rifle divisions in the Red Army of the pre-war period and the period of the Great Patriotic War belonged to motorized infantry formations. Initially, they were called motorized divisions3
The mechanized divisions created in the USSR Armed Forces in the summer of 1945 differed from the previously existing Soviet motorized rifle divisions by including 1 tank and 1 heavy self-propelled tank in two tank regiments instead of one, and in fact were also motorized infantry formations in which infantry units did not have armored personnel carriers and BMP4
It should also be mentioned that in the USSR Armed Forces, motorized rifle divisions were created not only as part of the ground forces of the Red Army, but also as part of the Internal Troops of the NKVD56
The motorized infantry divisions of the Wehrmacht during the Second World War, referred to in Russian-language sources, in contrast to the modern motorized infantry divisions of the Bundeswehr, belonged to the motorized infantry7
Main article: Motorized infantry
Mechanized and motorized rifle divisions by country
USSRedit
1939-1941edit
The first motorized infantry formations in the Red Army were created on November 21, 1939. Initially they were called motorized divisions. In total, the military leadership planned to create 15 divisions simultaneously
On July 6, 1940, it was announced the creation of mechanized corps consisting of 2 tank, 1 motorized divisions, a motorcycle regiment, a road battalion and a communications battalion, and an aviation squadron3
| Composition and strength of a motorized division in wartime Resolution No. 215 of the NKO of the USSR of May 22, 19408 |
|---|
According to the wartime staff, the motorized motorized rifle division had:
|
In total, by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, 29 motorized divisions were created within the mechanized corps, some of which were renamed motorized rifle divisions. Several motorized divisions were also created outside the corps
Due to the loss of military equipment during combat operations and an acute shortage of trucks, from August 6 to September 20, 1941, all motorized motorized rifle divisions were reorganized into rifle divisions. The only exception concerned the 1st motorized rifle division, which was reorganized only in 1943 into 1 -th Guards Rifle Division and 210th Motorized Division which became the 4th Cavalry Division8
1945-1957edit
Starting from June 10, 1945, most of the rifle divisions and part of the mechanized corps in the USSR Armed Forces were transferred to the staff of mechanized divisions. In practice, this meant for the rifle division the inclusion in its composition of a tank regiment and a heavy tank-self-propelled regiment, which were created on the basis of the existing wars of tank brigades Mechanized corps were reformed into mechanized divisions by transforming brigades into regiments. Infantry regiments in such divisions began to be called mechanized regiments, but in fact they remained motorized infantry regiments, the main means of infantry transportation in which were trucks. During the period from 1945 to 1946 there were 60 mechanized divisions were created. The mechanized regiment was different in composition from the previous one rifle regiment The Red Army, primarily by including a tank battalion. Rifle battalions in mechanized regiments were renamed motorized rifle battalions4
1957-1991edit
In the post-war period, the leadership of the USSR Armed Forces began a gradual process of mechanization of the infantry, the main goal of which was to saturate the troops with armored combat vehicles capable of delivering personnel to the battlefield9
In total, the defense industry of the USSR in the period from 1950 to 1963 produced about 3,500 units of BTR-40, 5,000 BTR-50 and 12,421 BTR-1524. According to the rearmament plan, it was necessary to mechanize about 120 rifle divisions with them. It should be taken into account that some of produced equipment was supplied abroad to the allies of the USSR
On February 27, 1957, according to the directive of the USSR Ministry of Defense No. org/3/62540 and the directive of the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces dated March 12, 1957, all rifle divisions and part of the mechanized divisions were reorganized into motorized rifle and tank divisions. Also, separate rifle brigades created since 1946 on the basis of disbanded rifle divisions4
It is believed that during this period the motorization and mechanization of the Soviet army was completely completed10
In the period from 1957 until the collapse of the USSR, the organizational structure of motorized rifle divisions did not fundamentally change
| Average composition of motorized rifle divisions of the USSR Armed Forces in the 80s4 |
|---|
According to the wartime staff, a motorized rifle division could have:
|
In total, in the ground forces of the USSR Armed Forces in the period from 1989 to 1991, there were about 130 motorized rifle divisions. At the same time, only formations in foreign groups of forces were fully deployed4
Main article: List of divisions of the USSR Armed Forces 1989-1991
Germanyedit
1933-1945edit
The first motorized divisions appeared in the Wehrmacht in the mid-30s. During the initial formation of the division, despite being fully equipped with vehicles, they were called infantry divisions.
In 1937, such divisions began to be officially called infantry motorized divisions, German Infanterie-Division motorisiert
By the summer of 1940, based on the experience of the French campaign, the staff of the motorized division was changed
In the spring of 1943, Heinz Guderian was appointed inspector general of the Wehrmacht tank forces. One of the upcoming tasks for the reform of tank forces, he saw the strengthening of motorized infantry formations with fire weapons. Flamethrower tanks were transferred to motorized infantry regiments. 37 mm anti-tank guns were installed on motorized rifle companies on armored personnel carriers. On his initiative, new motorized infantry divisions began to be called, in a literal translation into Russian, armored-grenadier tank-grenadier Germans Panzergrenadierdivision instead of the previous name motorized Germans Infanterie-Division motorisiert It is believed that such a name was supposed to strengthen the morale of military personnel
On October 4, 1943, 12 panzergrenadier divisions, which included 28 motorized infantry regiments, were transferred to the tank forces13
To strengthen the panzergrenadier divisions, 2 reconnaissance tank battalions with light tanks and medium tanks were added to their composition.
Post-war period and modern timesedit
At the present stage, in the ground forces of the Bundeswehr, motorized infantry divisions have retained the historical name Panzergrenadierdivision, given by Heinz Guderian in 1943
The revival of such divisions occurred after the abolition of the occupation regime of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1954 and the creation of the armed forces. The first grenadier division of the German Grenadierdivision in the Federal Republic of Germany was formed on July 1, 1956
In 1959, the grenadier divisions were renamed panzergrenadier divisions. Due to the fact that the numbering of the created formations in the Bundeswehr, regardless of the type of divisions, was common, the first among the created grenadier divisions received the second number, German 2 Panzergrenadierdivision, after the first created tank division, German 1 Panzerdivision14
Initially, it was decided to form the grenadier divisions according to the structure of the infantry divisions of the US Army, which at that historical stage did not have regimental structures. The created divisions consisted of 2 combat groups, which included 2 grenadier motorized infantry battalions, an artillery regiment and combat and logistics support formations14
In 1959, the Bundeswehr carried out a reform of the ground forces. According to it, brigades were created from combat groups, renamed from grenadier to panzergrenadier divisions, consisting of 3-4 motorized infantry battalions, an artillery battalion and combat and logistics support units14 This structure for constructing a motorized infantry division on based on brigades, is still active at the present historical stage
| Composition of the Bundeswehr motorized infantry division at the present stage1415161718 |
|---|
According to the wartime staff, a motorized infantry division may contain:
|
USAedit
Franceedit
In the French Land Army, the name of the ground forces of the French Armed Forces, at the end of the 90s, a transition was made from manning troops on the basis of divisions to a brigade structure. Until 1999, the basis of the ground forces was 10 divisions of various types19:
- 4 armored fr division blindée
- airborne
- armored cavalry light armored fr division légère blindée
- airmobile
- 2 infantry fr division de infanterie
- mountain rifle fr division de infanterie alpine
- 2 training armored tanks
An armored division, despite its name, was an analogue not of a tank division in the USSR Armed Forces, but of a motorized rifle division. If on average in a Soviet tank division for 3 tank regiments there was 1 motorized rifle regiment with a total of 322 tanks, then in the armored divisions of the French Armed Forces there were two types of formations: 2 tank regiments of 52 tanks each and 3 tank regiments of 70 tanks each and 2 mechanized infantry regiments in each tank company of 17 units. At the same time, the total number of tanks in the division of 190 units was less than the same figure in the Soviet motorized rifle division of 220 units, and the number of infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers 141 and 166 units corresponded to the Soviet419
The armored cavalry and infantry divisions were identical in strength and differed from the armor tank divisions the absence of classic tracked tanks. Instead, they were armed with heavy armored vehicles, 72 units classified as wheeled tanks. The formation consisted of 2 motorized infantry regiments on armored personnel carriers and 2 armored cavalry regiments armed with wheeled tanks19
With the reorganization of divisions into brigades in 1999, in fact, the structure of infantry formations did not change. Regiments that were previously part of divisions, after the reform in the same form, began to be part of brigades. The change affected the reduction in the strength of the formation from 7,600 people to 5,50020
In connection with the terrorist attacks in France in 2015, the General Staff of the French Armed Forces approved the “Au contact” plan, according to which a return to the previous structure of divisions was planned. In contrast to the previously existing structure, a scheme was proposed in which divisions were made up of brigades and not regiments. The creation is planned 2 large mechanized divisions, each of which will consist of 3 brigades2122
Russiaedit
After the collapse of the USSR, in the armed forces of the Russian Federation, unlike other CIS states, the formation of ground forces on the basis of divisions was maintained for the longest time. Motorized rifle divisions formed the basis of the ground forces until 2008. In general, the organizational structure of the divisions fully corresponded to the Soviet
During the military reform of 2008-2010, undertaken under the leadership of Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov, there was a large-scale transition from divisions to brigades. The staff of divisions was reduced everywhere to the staff of brigades. At the same time, the most famous motorized rifle and tank divisions did not escape the fate of leading battle history from the time of the Great Patriotic War
The reform carried out by Serdyukov had opposite assessments23
With the advent of Sergei Shoigu as Minister of Defense, there was a radical revision of views on the brigade system of troop formation. The abolition of divisions was considered irrational24
At the moment, the ground forces are in the process of creating new motorized rifle divisions on the Soviet model. It is believed that the previous structure of 6 regiments of 3 motorized rifle, tank, artillery and anti-aircraft missile regiments will be taken as a basis2526
See alsoedit
- Motorized rifle troops
- Motorized infantry
Notesedit
- 1 2 International Institute For Strategic Studies The Military Balance 2016 / James Hackett - Taylor&Francis - London: 9781857438352, 2016 - P 38-40, 190, 203, 501-502 - 504 s - ISBN 9781857438352
- 1 2 3 Moiseev MA Volume 5 article “Motorized Rifle Troops” // Soviet Military Encyclopedia in 8 volumes 2nd edition - Moscow: Military Publishing House, 1990 - P 269, 432, 435 - 687 p - 3000 copies - ISBN 5-203-00298 -3
- 1 2 Soviet Union Brief overview of the creation and development of armored and mechanized forces
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Feskov VI, Golikov VI, Kalashnikov KA, Slugin SA “The Armed Forces of the USSR after the Second World War: from the Red Army to the Soviet Part 1: Ground Forces” - Tomsk: Tomsk University Publishing House, 2013 - C 138, 204-206, 230, 243 -245 - 640 s - ISBN 978-5-89503-530-6
- “Operational - internal troops of the NKVD” History of domestic special services and law enforcement agencies Historical site of Valentin Mzareulov
- Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR No. 0205 of May 31, 1956 “With the announcement of the lists of departments, formations, units, divisions and institutions of the NKVD troops that were part of the Active Army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945” SoldatRu website
- 1 2 Egers E. V. “Motorized infantry of the Wehrmacht Part 1” Publishing house “Tornado” Army series Issue No. 36 Riga 1998
- 1 2 Drogovoz IG “Tank sword of the Land of Soviets” - Minsk: “Harvest”, 2003 - P 427-432 - 480 s - ISBN 985-13-1133-2
- BMP: background
- Alexander Orlov “The Secret Battle of the Superpowers” - M: “Veche”, 2000 - From 48 to 94 s - ISBN 5-7838-0695-1
- 1 2 3 4 2nd Motorized Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht
- 1 2 3 Chris Bishop “Panzergrenadier Divisions” - M: “Eksmo”, 2009 - From 10 - 192 s - ISBN 978-5-699-31719-6
- Franz Kurowski “German motorized infantry Combat operations on the Eastern and Western fronts 1941-1945” - M: NPID “Tsentrpoligraf”, 2006 - 430 pp - ISBN 5-9524-2370-1
- 1 2 3 4 5 Page of the 2nd Panzergrenadier Division on the historical website wwwreliktede
- 1 2 3 4 Motorized Infantry Division of Germany Magazine "Foreign Military Review"
- Motorized infantry brigade of the German motorized infantry division. Foreign Military Review magazine
- Tank brigade of the German motorized infantry division. Foreign Military Review magazine
- 1 2 3 4 German ground forces
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 In Losev “State and prospects for the development of the French ground forces” Foreign Military Review No. 3 1994
- “9th Armored Cavalry Brigade of the French Ground Forces” Foreign Military Review No. 7 2010 pp. 28-31
- Olivier Fourt, “France: le nouveau visage de l’armée de terre” archive, sur RFI consulté le 17 juin 2015
- Au Contact, la nouvelle offre stratégique de l’armée de Terre
- Igor Popov “Divisions against brigades, brigades against divisions”
- IN Ground forces will correct the “brigade imbalance”
- From brigades to divisions - the fight against the remnants of the “new look” or an urgent need
- New Russian divisions will be copied from the Soviet model
Linksedit
- TankFrontRu website
Dzerzhinsky motorized rifle division, SS motorized rifle division, motorized rifle division strength, edelweiss motorized rifle division
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number. Number of companies, battalions, regiments. Composition of the artillery regiment
One of the main structural units of the armed forces is the regiment. The size of its composition depends on the type of troops, and its full complement of personnel is one of the factors ensuring the combat effectiveness of the army. The regiment consists of smaller structural units. Let's find out what a company, regiment, battalion is, the number of these units by main branches of the military. We will pay special attention to the configuration artillery regiment.
What is a regiment?
First of all, let's find out what a regiment is. We will find out the number of personnel in the various branches of the military in this unit later.
A regiment is a combat unit, often commanded by an officer with the rank of colonel, although there are exceptions. In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, a regiment is the main tactical unit on the basis of which it is formed military unit.
The regiment includes smaller structural units - battalions. The regiment itself can either be part of a formation or be a separate combat force. It is the regimental command that in most cases makes tactical decisions during a large-scale battle. Although quite often shelves are used as completely separate and independent units.
Number of members
Now let's find out the number of military personnel in the regiment, taking as a basis the composition of the rifle regiment as the most typical. This military unit usually contains from 2000 to 3000 soldiers. Moreover, approximately this number is observed in almost all army troops (except perhaps for artillery and some other types of troops) and even in law enforcement agencies. A similar number of military personnel, for example, has an infantry regiment, the number of soldiers in which also ranges from two to three thousand people. Although there are exceptions, the minimum number of military personnel in a regiment in any case cannot be less than 500 people.
A typical rifle regiment consists of a headquarters where the main decisions are made, three motorized rifle battalions, a communications company, and a tank battalion. This unit should also include an anti-aircraft division, a reconnaissance company, an anti-tank battery, a communications company, an engineer company, a repair company, and a chemical, biological and radiation protection company. IN Lately The electronic warfare company performs increasingly important functions. Although in Soviet time this unit was also very significant. The regiment's composition is supplemented by auxiliary units: a commandant platoon, a medical company and an orchestra. But they are additional only conditionally, since, for example, a medical company performs functions that are much more important, so to speak, than other units. After all, the lives of other soldiers depend on the soldiers of this structural unit.
A typical regiment has approximately this structure. You can see photos of the fighters of this formation above.
Battalion composition
Typically, two to four battalions form a regiment. We will now consider the number of servicemen in the battalion.
The battalion is considered the main tactical unit of ground forces. The range of personnel in this unit generally ranges from 400 to 800 people. It includes several platoons, as well as individual companies.
If we consider artillery, then the combat unit that corresponds to a battalion is called a division.
As a rule, a battalion is commanded by a soldier with the rank of major. Although, of course, there are exceptions. They can be found especially often during combat operations, when an acute shortage of personnel officers may arise in the armed forces of a country or a separate unit.
Let's look at the structure of a battalion using the example of a motorized rifle unit. As a rule, the backbone of this structural unit is three motorized rifle companies. In addition, the battalion includes a mortar battery, a grenade launcher platoon, an anti-tank platoon, and a control platoon. Additional, but no less important units are material and technical support platoons, as well as a medical center.
Company size
Rota - this smaller structural subdivision, part of the battalion. As a rule, it is commanded by a captain, and in some cases a major.
The size of a battalion company varies greatly depending on the specific type of troops. Most of the soldiers are in the companies of construction battalions. There their number reaches 250 people. In motorized rifle units it varies from 60 to 101 servicemen. Slightly fewer personnel in airborne troops. The number of army personnel here does not exceed 80 people. But the fewest soldiers are in tank companies. There are only 31 to 41 military personnel there. In general, depending on the type of troops and the specific state, the number of military personnel in a company can vary from 18 to 280 people.
In addition, in some branches of the military there is no such unit as a company, but at the same time there are analogues. For cavalry it is a squadron, which includes about a hundred people, for artillery it is a battery, for border troops it is an outpost, for aviation it is a unit.
The company consists of command personnel and several platoons. Also, a company may include special squads that are not part of platoons.
Smaller units
A platoon consists of several sections, and the number of its personnel varies from 9 to 50 people. As a rule, the platoon commander is a soldier with the rank of lieutenant.
The smallest in number permanent unit in the army is a branch. The number of military personnel in it ranges from three to sixteen people. In most cases, a soldier with the rank of sergeant or senior sergeant is appointed as the squad commander.
Number of artillery regiments
The time has come to take a closer look at what an artillery regiment is, the number of personnel in this unit and some other parameters.
An artillery regiment is a structural unit of such troops as artillery. Typically it comes in as component to an artillery division, consisting of three or four units.
The size of an artillery regiment is smaller than the corresponding unit in other branches of the military. This indicator depends on how many divisions are included in the regiment. With three divisions, its strength ranges from 1000 to 1200 people. If there are four divisions, then the number of military personnel reaches 1,500 soldiers.
Artillery regiment structure
Like any other military unit, an artillery regiment has its own structure. Let's study it.
The structural elements of an artillery regiment are divided into three main groups: control, logistics and combat support units, as well as the main one itself. impact force– linear units.
It is these elements that make up an artillery regiment. A photo of the regiment structure is located above.
Regimental control composition
In turn, the regiment's management is divided into the following elements: command, headquarters, technical unit and rear.
The command includes the regiment commander (most often with the rank of colonel or lieutenant colonel), his deputy, the chief of physical training and assistant commander for educational work. The last position in Soviet times corresponded to the post of political officer.
The headquarters unit includes the chief of staff, his deputy, as well as the chiefs of intelligence, topographic service, communications, secret unit, computer department and a combat assistant.
In the rear part of the regiment's control there are the deputy commander for logistics, the heads of the food, clothing, fuel and lubricants and clothing services.
The technical part of the regiment's management includes the deputy for armament, the chiefs of the armored, automobile and missile and artillery services.
In addition, the heads of financial, chemical and medical services report directly to the regiment commander.
Composition of the logistics and combat support unit
The logistics and combat support unit is divided into the following structural elements: medical center, club, repair company, material support company, artillery reconnaissance battery and control battery.
This unit is commanded by the deputy commander of the regiment for rear affairs, who himself is part of the administrative part of the regiment, as mentioned above.
Composition of linear units
It is the linear units that are entrusted with the main function of the existence of an artillery regiment, since they fire directly at the enemy from guns.
The regiment consists of four linear divisions: self-propelled, mixed, howitzer and jet. Sometimes there may be no mixed division. In this case, three units remain the backbone of the regiment.
Each division is divided, as a rule, into three batteries, which, in turn, consist of three to four platoons.
Number and structure of the division
As mentioned above, three or four regiments form an artillery division. The number of personnel in such a unit reaches six thousand people. As a rule, the command of a division is entrusted to a soldier with the rank of major general, but there have been cases when these units were commanded by colonels and even lieutenant colonels.
Two divisions form the largest unit in the artillery - the corps. The number of military personnel in artillery corps can reach 12,000 people. Such a unit is often commanded by a lieutenant general.
General principles for forming the number of units
We studied the size of a division, regiment, company, battalion, division and smaller structural units of various branches of the military, with an emphasis on artillery. As you can see, the number of military personnel in similar units in different troops can vary significantly. This is due to the direct purpose of the various branches of the armed forces. The basis is the most optimal number of military personnel to perform specific tasks. Each indicator is not only the product of strict scientific calculations, but also the experience of conducting combat operations in practice. That is, each figure is based on the shed blood of the fighters.
Thus, we see that in the army there are both very small units in terms of personnel, in which the number of military personnel can be equal to even three people, and the largest units, where the total number is tens of thousands of military personnel. It is also necessary to take into account that in foreign countries the number of similar units may differ significantly from domestic options.
Like everything in this world, the science of warfare is progressing, new technologies and even new types of troops are appearing. For example, in Russia not long ago the Aerospace Forces appeared, which are a product of the evolution and development of the Air Force. With the advent of new types of troops and changes in forms of warfare, it is certainly possible to adjust the number of personnel in units taking into account new conditions.
fb.ru
Division. A unit of measurement of military strength.
God is always on the side of the big battalions. Words of the French Marshal XVII p. Jacques d'Estamp de Ferté.
Parade 1940 Vyborg
More recently, from the point of view of history, in the twentieth century, which brought two world wars to humanity, it was customary to measure the military strength and power of the state in divisions. From them, like from stone blocks, the country’s defense wall was formed. In a conversation with the French Foreign Minister in 1935, Stalin joked: "Vatican? How many divisions does he have?... This was typical for that pre-war time: to assess the degree of influence of the state on international politics based on the number of divisions available “under arms.”
However, such comparisons of states were incorrect, since only organizational units were compared, without taking into account their combat capabilities, weapons and even numbers. Since we are interested in the balance of forces between Germany and the USSR at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, we will consider the number and armament of their rifle divisions. Why small arms? Because rifle units are the backbone of any army. The analysis of mechanized parts deserves a separate topic. And so, the composition and armament of the Soviet division was regulated by state number 4/100, the strength of the rifle division was 10,291 people, all its units were deployed, and in the event of mobilization to complete the wartime staff, the division was supposed to receive an additional 4,200 personnel , 1100 horses and about 150 cars.
Even maintaining all divisions in such a “stripped-down” version, according to state number 4/100, was costly for the Soviet state, so there was also state number 4/120, according to which out of 27 rifle companies only 9 were deployed, and the rest “ are indicated by" frames. The division consisted of 5864 people, it had almost all the weapons and weapons required by the wartime staff. Combat vehicles. When mobilizing, the division was supposed to receive 6,000 reservists and receive the 2,000 horses and about 400 vehicles missing for wartime staff.
A comparison of the personnel of the rifle division of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht is given in the table
The table shows that the regular strength of a Wehrmacht division exceeds the strength of even a fully deployed Red Army division. It is interesting that the German rifle division is superior to the Soviet division in terms of equipment with vehicles, has almost twice as many vehicles, which is not surprising, but what is surprising is that the Wehrmacht division also has twice as many horses! This superiority gave the Wehrmacht infantry divisions somewhat greater mobility. See the staff of the cavalry division here
Of the 140 rifle divisions of the troops of the border districts, 103 (that is, more than 73%) on the eve of the Great Patriotic War were stationed on the western borders of the USSR. Their average staffing was: Leningradsky - 11,985 people, Baltic Special - 8,712, Western Special - 9,327, Kyiv Special - 8,792, Odessa - 8,400 people.
Those. By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Wehrmacht division had twice the strength of the average Red Army division in the border districts. Considering this balance of forces, the information that on June 22, 1941, in the first echelon of the invasion there were 166 divisions of the Germans and their allies, against 140 Soviet ones, looks different - the Germans had more than twofold superiority!
The Red Army entered the war without deployed divisions, and throughout the subsequent years of the war, staffing levels became an unattainable ideal. All divisions fought with personnel far from normal.
As an illustration, here are the original documents: brief characteristics divisions of the Leningrad Front, published by Tiranin Alexander Mikhailovich
As we see, both in number and in armament, the divisions are far from the regular composition, and there is an obvious shortage. However, there are divisions of 8 and 10 thousand people, this was often the case in 1941 and 1942... It is curious that in the victorious year of 1945, the Red Army did not have divisions equipped with 8-10 thousand “bayonets” at the front. The division, numbering 4-5 thousand in its composition, was considered quite combat-ready, unlike in 1941. It was with this composition that our rifle divisions took Berlin.
| 35th Guards sd | 47 Guards sd | 57 Guards sd | 39th Guards sd | 79th Guards sd | 88th Guards sd | 27th Guards sd | 74 Guards sd | 82 Guards sd | |
| Officers | 633 | 663 | 616 | 678 | 657 | 654 | 655 | 643 | 678 |
| Sergeants | 1153 | 1237 | 1036 | 1296 | 1397 | 1208 | 1229 | 1112 | 1469 |
| Privates | 3280 | 3000 | 3135 | 2903 | 2775 | 3075 | 2938 | 2985 | 2916 |
| Total people | 5066 | 4900 | 4787 | 4877 | 4829 | 4937 | 4822 | 4740 | 5063 |
| Horses | 1266 | 1050 | 1224 | 1145 | 1220 | 1098 | 1028 | 1284 | 1205 |
| Rifles | 2776 | 2609 | 2526 | 2680 | 2890 | 2534 | 2514 | 2507 | 2391 |
| PPSh/PPD | 1177 | 1054 | 990 | 1079 | 1206 | 1034 | 1115 | 1087 | 844 |
| Machine guns | |||||||||
| Manual | 137 | 137 | 127 | 153 | 135 | 145 | 145 | 124 | 156 |
| Easel | 48 | 49 | 47 | 62 | 44 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 52 |
| Anti-aircraft | 12 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 16 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 16 |
| Mortars | |||||||||
| 120 mm | 17 | 19 | 14 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 20 |
| 82 mm | 42 | 46 | 36 | 49 | 48 | 46 | 41 | 40 | 44 |
| PTR | 48 | 63 | 47 | 51 | 45 | 40 | 50 | 43 | 36 |
| Faustpatrons | 300 | 411 | 305 | 605 | 337 | 336 | 534 | 336 | 1640 |
| Cars | 128 | 136 | 126 | 176 | 158 | 160 | 144 | 149 | 152 |
| Artillery | |||||||||
| 122 mm G | 14 | 13 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| 76 mm YES | 31 | 32 | 29 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 31 | 32 | 31 |
| 76 mm PA | 9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 7 |
| 45 mm anti-tank gun | 12 | 12 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 12 |
G - howitzers,
YES - divisional artillery,
PA - regimental artillery.
TsAMO RF, f. 345, op. 5487, d. 366, l. 223.
In 1945, the tasks of capturing German “festungs” and breaking through the defense were solved by the massive use of tanks, aircraft and artillery. Artillery density, for example, in Berlin operation- 250 barrels per 1 km of breakthrough front. ...
Below, for comparison, is the staffing structure of the Red Army units before and after they were fully staffed with l/s
Organization of the Red Army rifle company on June 22, 1941
Download (PDF, 271KB)
Organization machine gun company rifle battalion of the rifle regiment on 06/22/1941
Download (PDF, 330KB)
Organization of a platoon of 45mm anti-tank guns of a rifle regiment on 06/22/1941
Download (PDF, 262KB)
fablewar.ru
Hierarchy and number of military formations. Finally we have...: antimil
Hierarchy and numbers military formations.
Finally, our Battle Regulations come into force ground forces. You can more or less decide on the hierarchy, although I have only become familiar with two parts.
In general, I am very often asked questions like “how many people are in the division”, “how many people are in the brigade”. Well, it's impossible to answer this question. Because I can give an answer, say, about a tank regiment, but they were generally interested in cavalry, and even in the 40th year. The fact is that the very name “squad”, “platoon”, “company” depends not on the numerical strength, but, firstly, on the type of troops, and, secondly, on the tactical tasks assigned to the formation of this type.
And so, the smallest formation:
“Squad” (crew for artillery, Crew for tankers).
The squad is commanded by a sergeant (junior sergeant), armed with an AK74
A motorized rifle squad consists of 9...13 people (in addition to the squad commander: a grenade launcher, a private with an RPG-7, PM; a grenade launcher assistant gunner, a private with an AK74; a machine gunner, a private with an RPK74; a senior gunner, a corporal with an AK74; 3...5 riflemen, privates with AK74; mechanic driver of an infantry fighting vehicle and gunner-operator/machine gunner of an infantry fighting vehicle/infantry fighting vehicle).
The squad is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineering, communications)
Motorized rifle squad:
Defense up to 100m,
Advance up to 50m
"Platoon"
Several squads make up a platoon (from 2 to 4).
The platoon is commanded by an officer - lieutenant, Art. lieutenant.
Number of people: 9...45 people.
The platoon is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineer, communications)
Motorized rifle platoon:
Defense 400 m along the front, 300 m in depth.
Advance up to 200...300 meters
"Company" (battery for artillery and squadron for cavalry)
Several platoons make up a company (from 2 to 4). In addition to platoons, a company may include squads that are not part of a platoon.
A company is a formation that can perform independent tasks on the battlefield.
The company commander is a captain.
Number of people from 18 to 200 (motorized rifle companies 130...150 people; tank companies 30...35 people)
The company is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineering, communications)
Motorized rifle company:
Defense 1…1.5 km along the front up to 1 km in depth
Advance: 0.5…1 km
Battalion. (Division for artillery.)
Several companies make up a battalion (from 2 to 4); the battalion also includes platoons that are not part of the companies.
The battalion is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineering, communications). But the battalion includes formations of other types of weapons (For example, in a motorized rifle battalion, in addition to motorized rifle companies, there is a mortar battery, a logistics platoon, and a communications platoon.)
The battalion commander is a lieutenant colonel.
The battalion has its own headquarters.
The number is from 250...950 people (theoretically, the size of the battalion is possible and less).
Motorized rifle battalion:
Defense 3…5 km along the front and 2…2.5 km in depth
Advance 1…2 km
Regiment.
The regiment is named after the branch of service, but includes units from many branches of the military. Consists of at least 3...4 battalions. (2...3 battalions of the military branch)
The regiment commander is a colonel.
(For example, in a motorized rifle regiment there are 2...3 motorized rifle battalions, one tank battalion, one artillery division (battalion), one anti-aircraft missile division, reconnaissance company, engineer company, communications company, anti-tank battery, chemical defense platoon, repair company, logistics company, orchestra, medical center)
The number of personnel in the regiment ranges from 900...2000 people.
Brigade.
An intermediate element (so to speak) from regiment to division.
The main difference from a regiment is the larger number of both battalions and other units. (Let's say there are two tank battalions in the MTB) A brigade can also consist of 2 regiments.
Brigade Commander - Colonel
Number of people: 2000...8000 people
Division.
Although it is named according to the type of predominant troops, in fact the predominance can differ only by one regiment (say, in a motorized rifle division there are two motorized rifle regiments, in a tank division, on the contrary, there is one motorized rifle regiment for two tank regiments)
Division commander - Major General
Number of personnel from 12,000...24,000 people
Frame.
Intermediate military formation from division to army.
The corps is a combined arms formation.
The corps was usually created in cases where the formation of an army was impractical.
After completing the combat mission, the corps was disbanded.
Corps commander: Lieutenant General
Now there are 7 Corps in Russia (data on commanders may be out of date):
- 57th Army Corps (Ulan-Ude) (Major General Alexander Maslov)
- 68th Army Corps (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) (Lieutenant General Vladimir Varennikov)
- 1st Air Defense Corps (Balashikha, Moscow region) (Lieutenant General Nikolai Dubovikov)
- 23rd Air Defense Corps (Vladivostok, Primorsky Territory) (Major General Viktor Ostashko)
- 21st Air Defense Corps (Severomorsk, Murmansk region) (Lieutenant General Sergei Razygraev)
- 16th operational submarine squadron (Vilyuchinsk, Kamchatka region) (Vice Admiral Alexander Neshcheret)
- 7th operational squadron of surface ships (Severomorsk, Murmansk region) (Vice Admiral Gennady Radzevsky)
Army.
In this case, the army is a military formation.
The army is a large military formation for operational purposes. The army includes divisions, regiments, battalions of all types of troops.
An army may also include one or more corps.
Staff rank com. army - colonel general.
Armies are usually not formed in peacetime and regiments, divisions and battalions are part of the District.
Now in Russia there are 30 Armies:
- 37th Air Army (strategic) Supreme High Command(Moscow).
Lieutenant General Mikhail Oparin
- 61st Air Army (military transport aviation) of the Supreme High Command (Moscow),
Lieutenant General Viktor Denisov
- 27th Guards Rocket Army (Vladimir),
Lieutenant General Viktor Alekseev
- 31st Missile Army (Orenburg),
Lieutenant General Anatoly Borzenkov
— 33rd Guards Rocket Army (Omsk)
Lieutenant General Alexander Konarev
- 53rd Missile Army (Chita).
Lieutenant General Leonid Sinyakovich
- 3rd separate army of rocket and space defense (Solnechnogorsk, Moscow region).
Major General Sergei Kurushkin
- 2nd Guards Combined Arms Army (Samara).
Major General Alexey Verbitsky
- 5th Combined Arms Army (Ussuriysk, Primorsky Territory).
Major General Alexander Stolyarov
- 20th Guards Combined Arms Army (Voronezh).
Lieutenant General Sergei Makarov
- 22nd Guards Combined Arms Army (Nizhny Novgorod).
Lieutenant General Alexey Merkuryev
- 35th Combined Arms Army (Belogorsk, Amur Region).
General - Lieutenant Alexander Kutikov
- 41st Combined Arms Army (Borzya, Chita region).
Lieutenant General Hakim Mirzazyanov
- 41st Combined Arms Army (Novosibirsk).
Major General Vladimir Kovrov
- 58th Combined Arms Army (Vladikavkaz).
Lieutenant General Valery Gerasimov
- Group Russian troops in Transcaucasia.
Lieutenant General Nikolai Zolotov
— Operational group of Russian troops in Transnistria (Tiraspol).
Major General Boris Sergeev
- 4th Air Force and Air Defense Army (Rostov-on-Don).
Lieutenant General Alexander Zelin
- 5th Air Force and Air Defense Army (Ekaterinburg).
Lieutenant General Evgeny Yuryev
- 6th Air Force and Air Defense Army (St. Petersburg).
Lieutenant General Evgeny Torbov
- 11th Air Force and Air Defense Army (Khabarovsk).
Lieutenant General Igor Sadofiev
- 14th Air Force and Air Defense Army (Novosibirsk).
Lieutenant General Nikolai Danilov
- 16th Air Army (Kubinka, Moscow region).
Lieutenant General Valery Retunsky
- 1st submarine flotilla (Zaozersk, Murmansk region)
Vice Admiral Oleg Burtsev
- 3rd submarine flotilla (Gadzhievo, Murmansk region).
Vice Admiral Sergei Simonenko
— Kola flotilla of heterogeneous forces (Polyarny, Murmansk region).
Vice Admiral Nikolai Osokin
— Primorsky flotilla of heterogeneous forces (Fokino, Primorsky Krai).
Vice Admiral Evgeny Litvinenko
— Kamchatka flotilla of heterogeneous forces (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky).
Vice Admiral Yuri Shumanin
— Caspian Flotilla (Astrakhan).
Rear Admiral Viktor Petrovich Kravchuk (since 2005)
— troops and forces of the North-Eastern Direction of the Pacific Fleet (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky).
Rear Admiral Viktor Chirkov (?)
District (during wartime Front)
The highest military formation.
The front includes several armies, corps, divisions, regiments, battalions of all types of troops. Fronts are never divided by types of troops
The front (district) is headed by the commander of the front (district) with the rank of army general
Russia now has 6 military districts, 4 military fleets (data as of May 2007).
-Moscow Military District
Army General Vladimir Yurievich Bakin
— Leningrad Military District
Army General Puzanov Igor Evgenievich
— Volga-Ural Military District
General of the Army Boldyrev Vladimir Anatolyevich
— North Caucasus Military District
Army General Baranov Alexander Ivanovich
— Siberian Military District
Colonel General POSTNIKOV Alexander Nikolaevich
— Far Eastern Military District
Colonel General Bulgakov Vladimir Vasilievich
— Northern Fleet
Admiral Vysotsky Vladimir Sergeevich
— Pacific Fleet
Admiral Fedorov Viktor Dmitrievich
- Black Sea Fleet
Admiral Tatarinov Alexander
— Baltic Fleet
Vice Admiral Sidenko Konstantin Semenovich
In addition to this there is:
Subdivision.
These are all military formations that are part of the unit. Squad, platoon, company, battalion - they are all united by one word “unit”. The word comes from the concept of division, to divide. Those. part is divided into divisions.
Part.
The main unit of the Armed Forces. Most often, a unit is understood as a regiment or brigade.
Characteristic for the part:
- having your own office work,
— military economy,
- having a bank account,
- postal and telegraph addresses,
- having your own official seal,
- the commander’s right to give written orders,
— the presence of open (for example, 44 tank training division) and closed (military unit 08728) combined arms numbers.
The presence of a Battle Banner is not necessary for a unit.
In addition to the regiment and brigade, the units include division headquarters, corps headquarters, army headquarters, district headquarters, as well as other military organizations (voentorg, army hospital, garrison clinic, district food warehouse, district song and dance ensemble, garrison officers' house, garrison household goods services, central school junior specialists, military school, military institute, etc.)
In some cases, a unit may be a unit other than a regiment or brigade. Battalion, Company and even platoon. Such parts are referred to as the word “separate” before the name. The most powerful stun gun in Russia - TOP 20 Rating of the Best Stun Guns That Are Permitted for Use in the Russian Federation (2019)
The company depends on the type of troops, so in a motorized rifle company there are 60-101 people; builders up to 250 people; Airborne forces up to 80 people; tank crews from 31 to 41 people. Motorized rifle company:
- Defense: 1…1.5 km along the front up to 1 km in depth
- Advance: 0.5…1 km
Battalion. This is either 3 or 4 companies + headquarters and individual specialists (gunsmith, signalman, snipers, etc.), a mortar platoon (not always), sometimes air defense and tank destroyers (hereinafter referred to as PTB). The battalion includes from 145 to 500 people. The commander is the battalion commander (abbreviated as battalion commander). This is the position of lieutenant colonel. But in our country, both captains and majors command, who in the future can become lieutenant colonels, provided they retain this position.
How many people are in a company, battalion, platoon, etc.
Platoon. A platoon includes from 3 to 6 sections, that is, it can reach from 15 to 60 people. The platoon commander is in charge of the platoon. This is already an officer position. It is occupied by a minimum of a lieutenant and a maximum of a captain. Company.
A company includes from 3 to 6 platoons, that is, it can consist of from 45 to 360 people. The company is commanded by the company commander. This is a major position. In fact, the commander is a senior lieutenant or captain (in the army, a company commander is affectionately and abbreviated as a company commander).
Battalion. This is either 3 or 4 companies + headquarters and individual specialists (gunsmith, signalman, snipers, etc.), a mortar platoon (not always), sometimes air defense and tank destroyers (hereinafter referred to as PTB). The battalion includes from 145 to 500 people. The battalion commander (abbreviated as battalion commander) commands. This is the position of lieutenant colonel.
Structure of the armed forces
From two to ten divisions of different types of troops + rear units + repair shops and so on. The number can be very different. On average from 200,000 to 1,000,000 people and above. The army is commanded by a major general or lieutenant general.
Front. In peacetime - a military district. It’s difficult to give exact numbers here. They vary by region, military doctrine, political environment and the like. The front is already a self-sufficient structure with reserves, warehouses, training units, military schools, and so on.
The front commander commands the front. This is a lieutenant general or army general. The composition of the front depends on the assigned tasks and the situation.
Company, division, battalion: strength
- Brigades are a separate unit. In terms of their position, brigades stand between a regiment (the regiment commander is a colonel) and a division (the division commander is a major general). In most armies of the world, between the ranks of colonel and major general, there is an intermediate rank of “brigadier general”, corresponding to the brigade commander (and during the Second World War, the Waffen-SS had the rank of “Oberführer”). In Russia, traditionally there is no such title. In the modern Russian army, the Soviet division military district - corps - division - regiment - battalion, as a rule, is replaced by the abbreviated military district - brigade - battalion. Different levels[edit | edit code] In the Russian Armed Forces, the units specified in this article are divided into subunits (from a squad to a battalion), units (from an individual company to a regiment), formations (brigade, division, corps) and associations (army, district, group of forces, front ).
Military ranks of the Russian Federation
From the brigade and above (in number of people) during the 11 months of service, we didn’t even say. Perhaps this is due to the fact that I do not serve in a military unit, but in an educational institution. How many people do they include? Department. Depending on the type of troops, there are from 5 to 10 people.
The squad is commanded by the squad leader. A squad leader is a sergeant's position, so commode (short for squad leader) is often a junior sergeant or sergeant. The squad is named after its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineering, communications) In a motorized rifle squad, there are approximately 9 to 13 people (in addition to the squad commander: grenade launcher, private with RPG-7, PM; gunner-assistant grenade launcher, private with AK74; machine gunner, private with RPK74; senior gunner, corporal with AK74; 3...5 riflemen, privates with AK74; mechanic driver of an infantry fighting vehicle and gunner-operator \machine gunner of an infantry fighting vehicle\infantry fighting vehicle).
The number of military units in the Russian Federation
Attention
Accordingly, they can stand out separate battalions, each of which is independent military unit, or even individual companies. Also, each regiment can be part of a division, or (at a higher level) directly subordinate to the command of the corps (“corps subordination regiment”), or, at an even higher level, the regiment can subordinate directly to the command of a military district (“district subordination regiment”);
- In an infantry regiment the main units are infantry battalions- report directly to the regiment commander. All auxiliary units are subordinate to his deputies.
The same system is repeated at all levels. For example, for an artillery regiment of district subordination, the chief will not be the commander of the district troops, but the chief of the district artillery.
Hierarchy of military formations
There are different battalions, so it is impossible to say exactly how many there are, for example, the SME on the BTR-80 has 530 people, and on the BMP-2 - 498 people; PDB - 360-400 people, and for DShB - 450-530 people; OBMP and ODSB approximately 650-700 people; TB on the T-72 - 174 people, and motorized rifle - 213 people; OBS - 200-250 people; reconnaissance battalion about 600 people; OISB - about 300 people; doctors - 157 people; chemists, repairmen, builders, commandants, as well as airfield maintenance workers have no staffing table and are formed depending on the need. Motorized rifle battalion:
- Defense: 3…5 km along the front and 2…2.5 km in depth
- Advance: 1…2 km
Regiment. From 3 to 6 battalions, that is, from 500 to 2500+ people + headquarters + regimental artillery + air defense + fire-fighting tanks. The regiment is commanded by a colonel. But maybe also a lieutenant colonel.
The term “unit” most often means regiment and brigade. External signs units are: the presence of their own office work, military economy, bank account, postal and telegraph address, their own official seal, the commander’s right to give written orders, open (44 training tank division) and closed (military unit 08728) combined arms numbers. That is, the part has sufficient autonomy. IMPORTANT! Please note that the terms military unit and military unit do not mean exactly the same thing.
The term “military unit” is used as a general designation, without specifics. If we are talking about a specific regiment, brigade, etc., then the term “military unit” is used. Usually its number is also mentioned: “military unit 74292” (but you cannot use “military unit 74292”) or, for short, military unit 74292.
Compound.
This is the case if the regiment is not part of the division, but is directly part of the army (corps, district, front). For example, the 120th separate regiment of guards mortars. Note 3: Please note that the terms military unit and military unit do not mean exactly the same thing. The term “military unit” is used as a general designation, without specifics.
Info
If we are talking about a specific regiment, brigade, etc., then the term “military unit” is used. Usually its number is also mentioned: “military unit 74292” (but you cannot use “military unit 74292”) or, in short, military unit 74292. Connection. As a standard, only a division fits this term.
The word “connection” itself means to connect parts. The division headquarters has the status of a unit. Other units (regiments) are subordinate to this unit (headquarters). All together there is a division. However, in some cases, a brigade may also have the status of a connection.
This formation is led by a full-time commander with the rank of junior sergeant or sergeant. Among military personnel, the term “chest of drawers” is used, which is short for “squad commander.” Depending on the type of troops, units are called differently. For artillery the term “crew” is used, and for tank troops “crew”. Composition of the unit In this formation, 5 to 10 people serve. However, a motorized rifle squad consists of 10-13 soldiers.
Unlike the Russian army, in the United States the smallest army formation is a group. The US division itself consists of two groups. Platoon In the Russian Armed Forces, a platoon consists of three to four sections. It is possible that there are more of them. The number of personnel is 45 people.
The leadership of this military formation is carried out by a junior lieutenant, lieutenant or senior lieutenant.
Generals have always found it difficult to control large military units. To facilitate management, it was decided to create subunits commanded by junior commanders. Below is a list of these subunits. Of course, each army has its own style of management, but subunits are often similar in different armies. After all, managing military units of the army is an extremely responsible matter, and the smaller the unit commanded by an officer, the easier it is for him to understand the situation. This reduces responsibility.
In this article we will also consider the organization and armament of units of foreign armies. This is a very serious topic that is of interest to many. Large units of foreign armies are divided into their own small units. The first such part is a link.
Flight or fire group
A flight is a small military infantry unit and is designed to optimize fire, movement, and tactical doctrine in combat. Depending on mission requirements, a typical fireteam consists of four or fewer members:
- machine gunner;
- machine gunner's assistant;
- shooter;
- designated team leader.
The role of each fire team leader is to ensure that everyone operates as a unit. Two or three fireteams are organized into a squad or section in coordinated operations led by a squad leader.
Military theorists consider effective fireteams to be critical to the modern professional military because they serve as the primary force. Psychological research conducted by the United States Army has shown that soldiers' survivability and readiness for combat is influenced more by the desire to both protect and support other fireteam members than by abstract concepts or ideologies. Historically, countries with effective fireteam organization have had significantly better performance from their infantry units in combat than those that have limited themselves to traditional operations with larger units.
The fire group is the primary link on which the organization of modern infantry is based in the British Army, Royal Air Force regiments, Royal Marines, and US Army. The fireteam concept is based on the need for tactical flexibility in infantry operations. The link is capable of operating autonomously as part of a larger unit. Successful work in fireteams depends on the quality of training of small unit personnel, the experience of working together among fireteam members, the availability of sufficient communications infrastructure, and quality non-commissioned officers to provide tactical leadership to the team.
These requirements have led to the successful use of the fireteam concept by more professional militaries. Military conscription makes it difficult for teams to develop because team members are less effective as they gain experience over time by working together and building personal connections. The tactics of action of army units within a flight are quite diverse.
In combat, when attacking or maneuvering, the fireteam typically extends out to a distance of 50 meters (160 ft), while in defensive positions the team may cover the range of their weapons or their visual limits, whichever is less. In open terrain, an effective team can travel up to 500 meters (1,600 ft), although detection range limits effectiveness beyond 100 meters (330 ft) or so without specialized equipment. A team is effective as long as its main weapon remains operational. The unit, as part of an army unit, is currently a very effective combat unit.
The next division consists of several units. This large unit of the army is called a detachment.
Squad
IN military terminology a detachment, or squadron, is a unit led by a non-commissioned officer who reports to an infantry platoon. In countries following the traditions of the British army (Australian Army, Canadian Army, etc.), this organization is called a section. In most armies, a squad consists of eight to fourteen soldiers and can be divided into fire teams.
During World War II, the German Wehrmacht infantry unit (or Gruppe) was built around a machine gun general purpose. The advantage of the general purpose machine gun concept was that it greatly increased the total volume of fire that could be given to a squad. MG-34 or MG-42 were actively used as such a machine gun.
The infantry group consisted of ten people: a non-commissioned officer, a second-in-command, a group of three (machine gunner, assistant gunner and ammunition carrier) and five riflemen. As a personal small arms, the detachment commander was issued a rifle or, from about 1941, a submachine gun, the machine gunner and his assistant were issued pistols, and the deputy detachment commander, ammunition carrier and riflemen were issued rifles.
The riflemen carried additional ammunition, hand grenades, explosives or a machine gun tripod, as needed. They provided security and covering fire for the machine gun group. Two of the standard issue 98k Carbine rifles could be replaced with Gewehr-43 semi-automatic rifles, and sometimes the StG-44 assault rifles could be used to rearm the entire squad except the machine gun.
In U.S. Army units, historically, a squad was a unit of a section consisting of two soldiers up to 12 men, and was originally used primarily for training and administrative purposes.
Platoon
A platoon is a combat unit of an army, usually consisting of two or more squads/sections/patrols. Platoon organization varies by country, but generally, according to official organization tables published in US military documents, a full US Infantry rifle platoon consists of 39 Soldiers or 43 Marines (US Army or US Marine Corps respectively) . There are other types of rifle platoons (e.g., anti-tank, lightly armored reconnaissance, mortar, reconnaissance, sniper), depending on the service and the type of infantry company/battalion to which the platoon is assigned, and these platoons can range from 18 men (Marine Corps USA - sniper platoon) up to 69 people (USMC - mortar platoon).
The platoon was originally a firing squad, not an organization. The system was invented by the Swedish Gustavus Adolphus in 1618. In the French army in the 1670s, a battalion was divided into 18 platoons, which were grouped into three "firings". Each platoon in the range either actually fired or reloaded. The system was also used by the British, Austrian, Russian and Dutch armies. The platoon leader is usually a junior officer: a junior or senior lieutenant, or a soldier of equivalent rank. The officer is usually assisted by a platoon sergeant. A platoon is usually the smallest military unit led by an officer.
Rifle platoons typically consist of a small platoon and three or four sections (commonwealth) or squadrons (USA). In some armies, a platoon is used in all branches of the army. In several armies such as french army, a platoon is specifically a cavalry unit, and infantry uses "section" as its equivalent unit. A unit consisting of several platoons is called a company/battery/detachment.
From October 1913, under General Sir Ivor Maxx's scheme, the British Army's regular battalions were reorganized from the previous eight companies into four company structures, with each company having four platoons as separate units, each commanded by a lieutenant with a platoon sergeant as his deputy. Each platoon was divided into four units under the command of a corporal. Due to a shortage of officers in 1938-1940. For experienced non-commissioned officers who commanded platoons, the non-commissioned officer rank of platoon sergeant major was introduced. In modern units of the Russian army, a platoon is one of the main army units.
Company
A company is a military unit, usually consisting of 80-150 soldiers, commanded by a major or captain. Most companies are formed from three to six platoons, although the exact number may vary by country, unit type and structure.
Usually several companies are grouped into a battalion or regiment, the latter of which is sometimes formed by several battalions. Sometimes independent or separate companies are organized for special purposes, such as the 1st Air Force Signal Company or the 3rd Reconnaissance Company. These companies are not organic to the battalion or regiment, but rather report directly to a higher level organization, such as Marine Expeditionary Force Headquarters (i.e., corps-level command).
Companies in units of the Russian army:
- Motorized rifle company. The Soviet motorized rifle company can be mounted with any armored personnel carrier, armored personnel carrier or infantry fighting vehicle, which were more numerous in the late 1980s. The rifle company's armored personnel carrier consisted of a company headquarters, three motorized rifle platoons, and a machine gun/anti-tank platoon. A rifle company with an infantry fighting vehicle had the same number of personnel and carriers, and consisted of a company headquarters, three motorized rifle platoons and a machine gun platoon equipped with six RPK-74s. Despite the apparent smaller firepower, American commanders were advised to include more heavy weapons BMP.
- Tank company. Until the end of the 1980s, a Soviet tank company consisted of a company headquarters and three tank platoons with T-64, T-72 or T-80 tanks for a total of 39 men and 13 tanks; companies using the old T-54, T-55 or T-62 tanks had 10 or 13 additional troops. However, the forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize tank companies into 10 tanks, with three tanks in each platoon instead of four.
- Scientific company. Research companies were created in 2013 to allow college-educated conscripts to serve in scientific research missions. There are 7 research companies:
- 2nd and 3rd Exploration Companies (Aerospace Forces);
- 5th Research Company (Army);
- 6th Exploration Company ( General base);
- 7th Research Company (Communications);
- 8th Research Company (Medical);
- 9th Research Company (RKhBZ).
Battalion
A battalion is a military unit. The use of the term "battalion" depends on nationality and type of service. Typically a battalion consists of 300-800 soldiers and is divided into several companies. The battalion is usually commanded by a lieutenant colonel. In some countries the word "battalion" is associated with infantry.
The term was first used in Italian as battaglione (no later than the 16th century). It comes from the Italian word battaglia. The first use of battalion in English was in the 1580s, and the first use to mean "part of a regiment" was from 1708.
Independent Operations
A battalion is the smallest military organization capable of "limited independent operations" as a battalion is the lowest level organizational unit containing organic coordinating or executive personnel and a support and maintenance group (such as headquarters and company headquarters). The battalion must have a source of reinforcement so that it can continue operations for a long time. This is because the battalion's main load of ammunition, expendable weapons (such as hand grenades and expendable rocket launchers), water, rations, fuel, lubricants, spare parts, batteries and medical supplies usually consists of only what can be carried battalion soldiers and organic vehicles battalion
In addition to sufficient personnel and equipment (usually at least two main mission companies and one mission support company) to carry out significant operations, as well as limited autonomous administrative and logistical capacity, the commander is provided with a staff member whose function is to coordinate ongoing operations and plan future operations. The battalion's subordinate units (companies and their organic platoons) depend on the battalion headquarters for command, control, communications, and intelligence, as well as the battalion's service and support organizational structure to accomplish their mission. A battalion is usually part of a regiment, brigade, or group, depending on the organizational model used by that service.
Motorized rifle battalion in Russian army units
A motorized rifle battalion could be mounted on either APCs or BMP infantry fighting vehicles, with the former being more numerous in the late 1980s. The battalion headquarters includes 12 personnel and three motorized rifle companies (110 people each). The armored personnel carrier battalion also had an anti-tank platoon with four launchers AT-3 or AT-4 and two 73 mm SPG-9 recoilless guns. Armored personnel carrier units, which were on high alert, sometimes had six rocket launchers and three recoilless rifles.
Tank battalion
Until the late 1980s, Soviet tank battalions consisted of three tank companies of 13 T-64, T-72 or T-80 tanks each, along with a battalion headquarters, for a total of 165 personnel and 40 tanks. Battalions, using the old T-54, T-55 or T-62, had 31 or 40 additional enlisted soldiers. However, forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize towards less education.
Artillery division
A Soviet artillery battalion in the late 1980s consisted of a battalion headquarters, a platoon headquarters, a platoon Maintenance and supplies and three fire batteries, each of six artillery units, either self-propelled 2S1 "Gvozdika" or towed D-30 howitzers, and numbered 260 people or 240 people respectively. The artillery rocket battalions consisted of a headquarters platoon, a service battery and three firing batteries equipped with BM-21 (Grads), with a total strength of 255 people.
Brigade
A brigade is the primary tactical military formation, which typically consists of three to six battalions plus supporting elements. This is roughly equivalent to an enlarged or reinforced shelf. Two or more brigades may form a division.
Brigades formed into divisions are usually infantry or armored (sometimes called combined arms brigades). In addition to combat units, they may include combat support units or units, such as artillery and engineers, and logistics support units or units. Historically, such brigades were sometimes called brigade groups. In terms of operations, a brigade may include both organic elements and attached elements, including some temporarily attached to perform a specific task.
Brigades can also be specialized and consist of battalions of one unit, such as cavalry, mechanized, armored, artillery, anti-aircraft, aviation, engineering, signal or logistics. Some brigades are classified as independent or detached and operate independently of the traditional division structure. A typical standard NATO brigade consists of approximately 3,200-5,500 troops. However, in Switzerland and Austria their number may reach 11,000 troops. The Soviet Union, its predecessors and successors, generally use "regiment" instead of brigade, and this was common in much of Europe before World War II.
The brigade commander is usually a major general, brigadier general, brigadier or colonel. In some armies the commander is rated as a general officer. The brigade commander has an autonomous headquarters and personnel. A chief staff officer, usually a lieutenant colonel or colonel, may be appointed chief of staff, although until the late 20th century the British and similar armies referred to the position as "brigade major". Some brigades may also have a deputy commander. The headquarters has a core of staff officers and support staff (secretaries, assistants and drivers), which can vary depending on the type of brigade. Headquarters will typically have its own communications team.
Division
A division is a large military unit, or formation, usually consisting of 10,000-20,000 soldiers. Infantry divisions during the world wars had a nominal strength of between 8,000 and 30,000 men.
In most armies, a division consists of several regiments or brigades. In turn, several units, as a rule, make up a corps. Historically, the division has been the default combined arms unit, capable of independent operations. Smaller combination weapons units, such as the American Regimental Combat Team (RCT) during World War II, were used when conditions favored them. Recently, modern Western militaries have begun to use the smaller brigade combat team (similar to the RCT) as the default combined arms unit. However, the division to which they belonged was less important.
Although the focus of the article is army units, in naval use the division has a completely different meaning. Refers to either an administrative/functional division of a department (e.g., fire department, weapons department) aboard naval and coast guard ships, shore commands, and naval aviation units (including navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Air Force), in a subgroup of several ships in a flotilla or squadron, or two or three aircraft sections, operating under a designated unit leader.
Within an administrative/functional branch, unit size varies widely, although generally the size of a unit in the Army is less than 100 men and is roughly equivalent in function and organizational hierarchy/command relationship to a platoon.
Frame
An operational formation, sometimes known as a field corps, that consists of two or more divisions. Another type is the administrative building - a specialized unit military service(such as an artillery corps, medical corps, or military police unit) or in some cases a separate service in national army(eg US Marine Corps). These customs often overlap. For example, during the Korean War, the United States Tenth Corps: Field Corps included infantry units of the United States Marine Corps and smaller units from various administrative corps of the United States Army.
Corps can also be a general term for a non-military organization such as the US Peace Corps.
Field Army
A field army (numbered army or simply army) is a military formation in many armed forces, consisting of two or more corps and may be subordinate to an army group. The same way, air armies equivalent to formation in some air force. The field army consists of 100-150 thousand military personnel.
Specific field armies are usually named or numbered to distinguish them from an "army" in the sense of the entire national land army military force. In English, it is common to use numbers such as "First Army" to name field armies. While corps are usually distinguished by Roman numerals (for example, I Corps) and subordinate formations - by serial numbers (for example, 1st Division). A field army may be given a geographical name in addition to or as an alternative to a numerical name, such as the British Army of the Rhine, Army of the Niemen or Army of the Aegean (also known as the Fourth Army).
The Roman army is one of the first official field armies, in the sense of a very large combined arms formation, namely the sacer comitatus, which can be translated literally as "sacred escort". The term comes from the fact that they were commanded by Roman emperors (considered sacred) when they acted as warlords.
In some militaries, the army is or was equivalent to a corps-level unit. In Red Army units, the field army was subordinate to the front in wartime (the equivalent of an army group). It contained at least three to five divisions along with artillery, air defense, reconnaissance and other support units. It can be classified as a combined army or a tank army. Although both were combined arms formations, the former contained a larger number of motorized rifle divisions, and the latter a larger number of tank divisions. In peacetime, the Soviet army was usually subordinate to the military district.
Modern field armies are large formations that differ significantly in size, composition and area of responsibility. For example, in NATO, a field army consists of a headquarters and usually controls at least two corps, under which are located a varying number of divisions. The level of the field army is affected by the movement of divisions and reinforcements from one corps to another to increase pressure on the enemy at a critical point. NATO troops are controlled by a general or lieutenant general.
Army group, army group
An army group is a military organization consisting of several field armies that is self-sufficient indefinitely. She is usually responsible for a specific geographic area. An army group is the largest field organization, commanded by a single commander—usually a general or field marshal—and includes between 400,000 and 1,000,000 soldiers.
In the Polish Armed Forces and the former Soviet Red Army, an army group was known as a front.
Army groups can be multinational formations. For example, during World War II, the Southern Army Group (also known as the 6th US Army Group) included the US Seventh Army and the French First Army; The 21st Army Group included the British Second Army, the First Canadian Army and the US Ninth Army.
In both the Commonwealth and the United States, the number of army groups is expressed Arabic numerals(for example, 12th Army Group), while the number of the field army is spelled out (for example, "Third Army").
Theater of war, front
A theater of operations is a sub-area in a theater of war. The theater boundary is determined by the commander who organizes or provides support for specific combat operations within the TO.
The theater of operations is divided into strategic directions or military regions depending on whether we are talking about war or peacetime. The United States Armed Forces are divided into Unified Fighting Commands (regions), which are assigned to a specific theater of war. A strategic direction is an army group, also known as target (field) forces or battle groups. A strategic command or direction would essentially unify a number of tactical military formations or operational commands. In modern armed forces strategic command more commonly known as a combatant command, which can be a combination of groups.
In Russian Army units
Large geographical division used by the Soviet and Russian Armed Forces to classify continental geographical areas, is classified as "theater". The separation of major continental and maritime areas helps in determining the limits within which plans for action by strategic military force groups are developed. This allows military operations to be carried out on specific important strategic directions, known as fronts, which were named according to their "theater" of war, such as the Southwestern Front (Russian Empire), 1st Ukrainian Front and Northern Front (Soviet Union) . In peacetime, due to the loss of strategic direction, the fronts were transformed into military districts (districts) responsible for the designated area of operations.
Conclusion
This article examined the military structure of units, as well as the number of units in the army. The history of such optimization of troop control goes back to antiquity. Even in the military units of the Roman army, the legion was divided into small units. These units were centuries and cohorts. Military units in the army of the Roman Empire were very successful. Therefore, the commanders adopted this tactic.
Branch
In the Soviet and Russian armies, a squad is the smallest military formation with a full-time commander. The squad is commanded by a junior sergeant or sergeant. Usually there are 9-13 people in a motorized rifle squad. In departments of other branches of the military, the number of personnel in the department ranges from 3 to 15 people. In some branches of the military the branch is called differently. In artillery there is a crew, in tank forces there is a crew.
Platoon
Several squads make up a platoon. Usually there are from 2 to 4 squads in a platoon, but more are possible. The platoon is headed by a commander with the rank of officer. In the Soviet and Russian armies this is ml. lieutenant, lieutenant or senior. lieutenant. On average, the number of platoon personnel ranges from 9 to 45 people. Usually in all branches of the military the name is the same - platoon. Usually a platoon is part of a company, but can exist independently.
Company
Several platoons make up a company. In addition, a company may also include several independent squads not included in any of the platoons. For example, a motorized rifle company has three motorized rifle platoons, a machine gun squad, and an anti-tank squad. Typically a company consists of 2-4 platoons, sometimes more platoons. A company is the smallest formation of tactical importance, that is, a formation capable of independently performing small tactical tasks on the battlefield. Company commander captain. On average, the size of a company can be from 18 to 200 people. Motorized rifle companies usually have about 130-150 people, tank companies 30-35 people. Usually a company is part of a battalion, but it is not uncommon for companies to exist as independent formations. In artillery, a formation of this type is called a battery; in cavalry, a squadron.
Battalion
Consists of several companies (usually 2-4) and several platoons that are not part of any of the companies. The battalion is one of the main tactical formations. A battalion, like a company, platoon, or squad, is named after its branch of service (tank, motorized rifle, engineer, communications). But the battalion already includes formations of other types of weapons. For example, in a motorized rifle battalion, in addition to motorized rifle companies, there is a mortar battery, a logistics platoon, and a communications platoon. Battalion commander Lieutenant Colonel. The battalion already has its own headquarters. Usually, on average, a battalion, depending on the type of troops, can number from 250 to 950 people. However, there are battalions of about 100 people. In artillery, this type of formation is called a division.
Regiment
In the Soviet and Russian armies, this is the main tactical formation and a completely autonomous formation in the economic sense. The regiment is commanded by a colonel. Although regiments are named according to the branches of the military, in fact this is a formation consisting of units of many branches of the military, and the name is given according to the predominant branch of the military. The number of personnel in the regiment ranges from 900 to 2000 people.
Brigade
Just like a regiment, it is the main tactical formation. Actually, the brigade occupies an intermediate position between a regiment and a division. A brigade can also consist of two regiments, plus battalions and auxiliary companies. On average, the brigade has from 2 to 8 thousand people. The brigade commander, as well as the regiment, is a colonel.
Division
The main operational-tactical formation. Just like a regiment, it is named after the predominant branch of troops in it. However, the predominance of one or another type of troops is much less than in the regiment. On average, there are 12-24 thousand people in a division. Division commander, Major General.
Frame
Just as a brigade is an intermediate formation between a regiment and a division, so a corps is an intermediate formation between a division and an army. The corps is already a combined arms formation, that is, it is usually deprived of the characteristic of one type of military force. It is impossible to talk about the structure and strength of the corps, because as many corps exist or existed, so many of their structures existed. Corps commander, Lieutenant General.
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