Geological essay - Museum of Geology of Central Siberia. Bazaikha River, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia When is it more profitable to fly? Chip flights

The source of the Bazaikha River is located in the Mansky district, on the Krasnoyarsk ridge, but most of its bed runs through the territory of the Berezovsky district. The river cuts through the mountain ranges and flows into the Yenisei.

Bazaikha is the right tributary of the Yenisei, the length of the reservoir is almost 128 kilometers. Near the source of the river there is an abandoned village of Sukhaya Bazaikha. Mountain streams, springs and several small rivers flow into Bazaikha: Dolgin, Korbik, Namurt, Zhistik and Kalgat. All these rivers are its right tributaries.

The mountainous area through which the Bazaikha flows is very beautiful. High mountains covered with coniferous and mixed taiga, steep brown and reddish cliffs, kurumniks approach directly to the water. In many places, the rocks cut by the river resemble canyons.

The river flows fast, the water has a marshy or brownish tint due to the abundance of clay particles and silt. During summer rains, the water rises strongly and the current becomes rapid. From Namurt the river bed widens significantly, the river meanders, forming meanders and leaving oxbow lakes.

The Bazaikha River (in the middle and lower reaches) is the natural border of the Stolby Nature Reserve.

Bazaikha is rich in fish. Its waters are inhabited by grayling, lenok, dace, burbot, ruffe, pike, perch, and taimen are found in the middle reaches of the river and in the upper reaches. Even an inexperienced fisherman will never be left without a catch here, so Bazaikha - favorite place fishing for residents of Krasnoyarsk and its satellite cities.

On Bazaikha there are the villages of Verkhnyaya Bazaikha, Erlykovka and Zhistik; on the river you can also find an abandoned village called Korbik.

Krasnoyarsk is a city with a population of millions and a regional center. The lower reaches and mouth of Bazaikha are located within the city limits of Krasnoyarsk (Laletino and Bazaikha districts).

You can get to the river from Krasnoyarsk, through the Stolby nature reserve, as well as along forest roads connecting villages located on the banks of Bazaikha.

Bazaikha - river in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the right tributary of the Yenisei, about 160 kilometers long, flowing into it within the boundaries of Krasnoyarsk, in the microdistrict of the city of the same name. It originates from the non-residential settlement of Sukhaya Bazaikha.

Average water flow is 5.0 m³/s. The largest tributaries: Namurt, Kaltat, Dolgin, Zhistik and Korbik.

The river contains fish species: taimen, lenok, grayling, pike, perch, ruff, dace, gudgeon, burbot, etc.

The river flows through canyon-like terrain, both banks are steep.

On the bank of the river, at the confluence with the Yenisei, the village of “Bazaikha” was founded in 1640. The village was adjacent to a high mountain ledge, which was called Gorodishche, or Mount Divan. The highest point near Mount Divan is called Vyshka. A hundred years ago, wealthy Krasnoyarsk residents went to the Vyshka on certain holidays - to drink tea from a samovar, enjoy the spring air, listen to the larks.

In the 17th century, on the flat top of Mount Divan there was a Tatar fortress, which the Russians called “Snake Settlement”.

In 1883, during a school excursion to the river, I. T. Savenkov discovered the burial of a New Stone Age man. In 1884, systematic archaeological research began in the outskirts of Krasnoyarsk, including on the Bazaikha River.

In the 19th century, residents of Krasnoyarsk built their dachas on the banks of the river.

In 1931, near the mouth of the river in the village of Bazaikha, construction of a wood processing plant began, after which the village was included within the boundaries of Krasnoyarsk.

On the left bank of the Bazaikha, next to the Bolgashov Log, in the territory of the Stolby Nature Reserve, a marble quarry operated.

The river is suitable for tourist rafting during spring floods. The tourist route of the second category of complexity began from the village of Erlykovka.

Along the Bazaikha River

Due to the specifics of the Eastern region, we will first look at it as a whole, and then we will lay out the most interesting trails along it. And we will begin our acquaintance with the Torgashinsky ridge and the Bazaikha river, with the tributaries of the Berezovka river, originating in the Torgashinsky ridge. The Bazaikha River begins in the Mansky district of the region near the village of Novoalekseevka. She flows in general direction north-west, winds strongly between the mountains that make up the sides of its valley. River loops of this type are called meanders in geography, after the Meandros River in Asia Minor (now the Great Menderes River in Turkey), which is characterized by such bends. The Bazaikh meanders have been preserved since ancient times, when there was almost a plain here. Gradually, over millions of years, the entire area slowly rose, and the river managed to wash out its bed in it, preserving the flat bends. The Bazaikha meanders, as well as Esaulovka and Mana, are their good attractions.

From the village of Erlykovka on the Maganskoye - Beret road to the Lastochka pioneer camp, which is already within the boundaries of Krasnoyarsk, there are no settlements along the river. Only a few house-cordons of the Stolby Nature Reserve stand within the protected area. From the mouth of the Bolshoi Inzhul to Kaltat, the northern border of Stolbov runs along Bazaikha, and along the entire course of this section Bazaikha is included in the protected zone of the reserve. The strip - Bazaikha from Erlykovka to the mouth, and nearby the Bazaikha forests covering the Torgashinsky ridge and the mountains near Magansk - stretches for fifty to sixty kilometers, reaching a width of ten to fifteen kilometers. The northern border of this strip is Krasnoyarsk, the eastern border is the railway. By center line The strip of mountains rises, and many peaks are more than six hundred meters above sea level, and the highest mountain in this area - the Black Hill, or Karatag - reaches almost seven hundred meters. Its southern neighbor, Mount Kamala, also matches it.

The mountains are covered mainly with coniferous forests, in some places there are birch trees along old clearings, and spruce and fir trees along the streams. Torgashinsky ridge and Bazaikha River(its meadows and floodplain areas) have a remarkable flora: here there are plants that are not typical for this taiga zone, plants that seem to have come from a higher mountain zone: edelweiss, mountain poppies, Kuril tea, columbine, some orchids and lilies. And there are also plants characteristic of West Siberian Plain, - spring adonis, noctule and others, there are steppe plants, especially on the southern, sun-drenched slopes of the Torgashinsky ridge above Bazaikha. Of course, you cannot tear up these plants that have remained here from other geological eras. Such plants are called relict.

The forester's house on Bazaikha near the rally clearing

For the first acquaintance with the Bazaikha-Torgashinsky section, we will take a boat along the Bazaikha River during the spring flood of water, we will try to make out the Bazaikha bends and the Bazaikha urmans. We could make the same trip on foot in August-September, when Bazaikha becomes shallow and we can ford along it here and there, bypassing the river pressures.

From the Maganskaya platform we will take a bus to the small village of Erlykovka and from here we will set sail on a comfortable tourist boat. This could be a PSN-6, PSN-10, a kayak, or a small raft. If we go along the river without mooring to the shore, and go by self-rafting, then the whole journey will take us twelve to fourteen hours.

Bazaikha at Near Camels

At Yerlykovka, Bazaikhu is crossed by a bridge. Here is the road to Manu, to the village of Beret. This is the bridge we start from. On the left bank of the river there is a fairly large meadow. Below the bridge, the river enters a narrowness; the sides of the valley rise above the river by two hundred to two hundred and fifty meters. After one and a half kilometers - a sharp left turn - one of the famous bends of Bazaikhi begins. The river goes around the hill, flows as if in the opposite direction and again turns right. Soon, around the bend on the right, a gentle ravine with mowing meadows appears. Here, at a time when timber was rafted along Bazaikha, there was a dam that helped deliver wood to its intended destination. This log on the right is called Pologim (and also Duryndin log, or Ilkin key). You can come here from Magansk in just over an hour. Most often, from here, from the mouth of this ravine, the Bazaikh journeys begin.

There are paths along the banks of Bazaikha, and in summer time we will use them again. As a rule, there are trails even on both banks of the river - the remains of forest rafters' trails. The trails go not only near the water, they sometimes climb coastal cliffs.

Soon after the Gentle Log on the right we will see high banks with rocks at their tops - these are the Far Camels, and immediately after turning to the right on the left bank the Vesely stream is again visible. From there to the mouth of the Bolshoi Inzhul, where the Stolby reserve begins and where the first cordon of the reserve stands, the river flows straight, giving way to narrow meadows on the left.

It must be said that even in the straight sections of the Bazaikha river valley it is quite radiating, so when rafting on a boat there is a danger of jumping out from around a bend directly onto a tree that has fallen into the water. So you have to go by boat according to the rules of an unfamiliar river: sticking to the short bank in the loops of the river, crossing the current on the riffles to the short bank. This reduces the rafting speed, but increases safety. From Inzhul the river loops begin again, the mountains near the river seem to become smaller and recede to the sides, but forests still surround the river. When you swim quietly alone, not in a group, you often see waterfowl, water-loving birds: ducks, waders, kingfisher, and in summer the fisher eagle - osprey.

Sometimes along the shore there is such a clean, park-like area of ​​forest that you want to get off the boat and take a walk along it. A left turn, a right turn, a left again - a small straight section, and we approach the Yakhontov Glade, the mouth of the Yakhontov Log.

If you wander through the forest in the mountains near Yakhontov Log, you can find an old road, in the rut of which pine trees have grown half the circumference of your arms; such a tree is half a hundred years old. It turns out that there used to be some kind of economic life here: mowing, forest preparation, fishing, tar and tar removal. When it was? Who will tell now?

Beyond Yakhontovaya Polyana, a long bend of the river begins; at the base of the loop, the river is divided by a very narrow mountain spur, topped with bizarre rocks at the top - the remnants of summit denudation. These are the Near Camels, there is a path to them from the city. Townspeople used to often go to Camels to relax, swim, fish, and admire the rocks. As a rule, we went overnight - from Friday to Sunday evening.

Bazaikha below Yerlykovka

Several trails leave from Yakhontovy Glade: along Yakhontovy Log to Magansk, along Sukhoi Log to the Petryashino stop and to Zykovo, past the high mountains Kamala and Chernaya Sopka. And again interesting fact- once there, along the eastern slopes of Kamala and Black Hill, bypassing the river valleys there was a wheeled road to the city, of which only old traces remained.

And the third path - it crosses the river loop in a narrow place, goes out to the other slope of the spur and along the Uchasvenny log goes to the Middle Log, to the northern slopes of the Torgashinsky ridge, to the village of Kuznetsovo, to the Krasnoyarsk Cheryomushki.

A strange feeling almost always comes over me in these places on Bazaikha. I know that not far from here, behind these mountains, our city of a million people is noisy, but here - just like centuries ago - there is primeval silence, only the river is noisy, the birds are singing. The southern slopes of the right bank are filled with sunshine, and they are as warm as a stove. It smells of fir, a kingfisher is catching fish, on the lawn the grills are blazing with orange flames, along a hidden watercourse a strip of blue mountain catchments is blooming, aliens from the high Sayan Mountains.

Uchasovenny Log has several preserved names, among them are Uskovin, Krestovy, Khairyuzovy, as if reflecting certain toponymic layers of time in these places of tourist loneliness. However, on the May weekend, at the beginning of June, entire flotillas of Krasnoyarsk water tourists pass through here, up to a hundred tourists in two days, up to half a thousand a month. In winter and closer to spring, there are only occasional chains of skiers from Magansk to Krasnoyarsk, or even just two or three people. How quiet it is here in winter!

Behind Uchasovenny Log on the left near the Medvezhka River there is a cordon of the Stolby Nature Reserve. And on the right is a rare river terrace on Bazaikha with unexpected open forest - long-standing fellings, after which for some reason the forest did not want to grow. This terrace is called the Veranda. Behind it, mountains again rise above the river, cut by rare ravines - Malaya Vaila and below - Bolshaya Vaila. Dry slopes, overgrown with dry-loving steppe grasses, bluish in appearance, are also a foreign inclusion in the flora of the taiga.

On the left is the mountain taiga massif high mountain in the vicinity of Krasnoyarsk - Abataka, the peak of which goes into the sky beyond the mark of eight hundred meters. She is in protected areas strict regime, where the path is closed to tourists.

At the end of the straight reach, starting from the mouth of Bolshaya Vayla, the river enters the most technically difficult section of rafting - the Abatak rapids at the rocky pressure of the right bank. This is a typical rapid on a river, with stones in the bed, with pressure on the turn, with a large shaft along the core of the current, while some of the empty shafts carry an overturning moment. The length of the threshold is about two hundred meters, of which the most dangerous are seventy to one hundred meters. An inspection before passing can be done along both the left and right banks of the river, while the right bank is rocky and high, and the left bank is flat and low. With some skill in passing such shiver rapids, with knowledge of your boat and its performance, and with a well-worked crew, the threshold does not pose anything dangerous.

Bazaich "Alps"

In previous years, Krasnoyarsk water tourists held their first whitewater kayak competitions of the season here. The camp was usually located on the right bank below the rapids on the river terrace.

At the head of the rapid the river enters a narrowness, turning left almost at a right angle, and at the end of the rapid it again changes direction of flow - to the right. After the threshold there is a direct flow to Davydov Log, from which a small stream flows. The river is quite calm, but shallow; in low water there is a knee-deep ford.

And again, downstream on the banks of the Bazaikha there is a dense dark coniferous forest, and on the right are the dry slopes of the Torgashinsky ridge of southern orientation, the plant communities on them are also characteristic not of the taiga, but of the steppes of Khakassia. In early spring- coltsfoot, in summer - thyme, speedwell, cloves. Beyond the cape, its left tributary, the Namurt River, flows into Bazaikha. Beyond Namurt, the Bazaikha valley expands somewhat, wide meadows with groves of spruce forests appear on them, along the river there are galleries - willow, alder, bird cherry thickets in a narrow strip along the water. Here, in the widening of the Bazaikh valley, there are even oxbow lakes.

The river in the section from Namurt to Synzhul makes many meander loops, which look especially beautiful from the steep slopes of the right bank.

Below the mouth of the Namurt, in the Bazaikha valley, there is a beautiful, memorable rock outcrop with a grotto facing the river. And on the right you can see the Granary Log with powerful alluvial cones overgrown with grass, pine and rare birch trees.

At the mouth of Synzhul, at the cordon of the reserve, clearly visible from the river, Bazaikha again enters a narrowness, its banks meet again, but it still winds, although its flow here is free, fast, unhindered.

On the left along the slopes of the mountains it is dark again coniferous forests, and on the right... On the right we come to an interesting section of the river, to weathered ancient rocks that, like statues, stand above the slopes of the valley. Take a closer look at them from the river. You should definitely go there on foot and see it all up close.

We approach the mouth of a small stream flowing in from the right, which over thousands of years has washed out a huge ravine, branched at its top. Both the stream and the ravine are called Bolgash, there is also another name - “the ravine of the village of the Marble Quarry”. Before the war and after it, not far from here, on the left bank of Bazaikha, within the current reserve, marble tiles and marble chips were mined for construction needs. The quarry was closed only because of the substandard quality of the marble, and not at all because it was located in a nature reserve. The village where the marble quarry workers lived was located in Bolgashov Log. When the quarry finished its work, the village died out too. However, some residents did not leave their homes, and the houses of the village still stand.

At the mouth of the Bolgash there is the first bridge across the Bazaikha; low-slung sports boats across not very deep water cross it under the left bank of the river.

Many trails from the Torgashinsky ridge lead here, to the mouth of the Bolgash; here is the node of the tourist network of weekend hikes along the Torgashinsky section. More on this later.

From the mouth of the Bolgash there is again a straight and clean section. Here the river valley widens somewhat; to the left and right there are narrow terraces with meadows, birches, shrubs: bird cherry, viburnum, willows; Pine is also found in isolated specimens. One of the reserve's Pillars, Kovrizhki, is visible ahead. The post is real, a manhole, but rarely visited, even though it is located right next to the road.

From Kovrizheki the river turns to the right, leaving behind a large beautiful clearing with groves of birches, isolated pine trees, and meadow flowers. This is a clearing for rallies and competitions of Krasnoyarsk tourists. Meetings of RSFSR tourists are also held here. Almost every year the first kayak slalom competition of the season is held in Bazaikha.

On the left bank of the river opposite the rally clearing there is a wall of rocks, between the rocks and the river there is a road to the village of Bolgash, to the cordon on the Synzhul river. At the end of the rally clearing there was a heavy concrete bridge. Several years ago it was swept away by an ice drift, and the concrete blocks still lie in the water. They are a source of danger for small ships. Behind the broken bridge is a shiverka, a shallow place, immediately behind it is a new bridge, high and safe, and next to the bridge on the right bank is a forester’s house. Near the forester’s house in the Torgashinsky ridge, there is a nameless ravine, and in it there is a path, on a low saddle, diverging into three directions: to the left, steeply up - to the road along the high Pribazaikh spur of the Torgashinsky ridge; at the top of the Flowering Log, and the third path descends from the saddle along a small ravine into the valley of the Bolgash stream and goes there above the houses of the village. These trails will be useful for hiking along the Torgashinsky ridge.

Below the bridge, the territory occupied by pioneer camps begins. They are located on the left bank, and on the right is a high slope of the ridge with steep valleys. Below the left tributary of the Bazaikha - the Kaltat River - rocky outcrops - limestones - are visible along the ridge. Kaltat flows from the Stolbovoy Highlands, its network of streams permeates all Stolby: Aesthetic and Wild areas, Kaltat stones.

From the mouth of Kaltat on Bazaikha there is a fast rippling current. On the right begins a terrace, on it is the Grenada pioneer camp of the Krasmash plant, and in front of the camp is a bridge. Tourist ships can easily pass under the bridge. Sometimes the bridge is destroyed by spring waters. In general, where there are bridges on a small river, there are surprises. Behind the pioneer camp there is again a bridge, but it is already a stable bridge, and for rafting it does not present any difficulties in any water.

Below the bridge, the river in its flow cuts through the river floodplains, on which willows, birches, viburnum, turf, and a shrub layer grow densely. And a kilometer from the bridge it again approaches the main bank. On the right, a red rock rises above the river - Goat Cape. At Goat Cape and below it, coastal booms have been preserved, a dam is near the shore, and the current rushes into it. Immediately below this section there is a right turn and behind it is a bridge. The bridge stands low above the water and is impassable in high water for kayaks and PSN. The current here is very strong, and there is a very high danger of falling under the bridge.

From this bridge to the mouth of the river it is five to six kilometers. The river here seems to become smaller, becomes less watery, and dries up. Here, within the city limits, within the suburban villages, the river is very littered.

In the narrowness, near the rocks of the right bank, along middle water You can finish your trip around Bazaikha. In high water, the rafting can be continued to the Krasnoyarsk Divnogorsk highway.

We passed along one of the boundaries of the Bazaikh travel region. Such a hike takes two days, and if you don’t rush and stop here and there for an hour and a half, then it’s better to leave on Friday.

Bolgash stream

Bazaikha, Mana, Mansky and Bazaikha shores, rocks are extremely interesting. They are located at the junction of physical-geographical countries, at the junction of different geographical formations. Everything is mixed here: rocks, plant communities, the world of birds and even the weather. Bazaikha, its valley, its ravines are good for spring and winter skiing. In the Bazaikhi valley, sheltered from the winds, it can be so warm on some days at the end of winter that we walked along it on skis without shirts, like at a ski resort.