From itself represents ege. The structure of the exam in the Russian language. What is the USE and how should it be taken? Unified State Exam

What does the USE in the Russian language consist of?

In order to receive a school certificate, a graduate must pass two mandatory exams in the form of the Unified State Examination - Russian language and mathematics. The results of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language are required for admission to universities for each area of ​​training (specialty).

The minimum number of points in the Russian language:

to obtain a certificate - 24 points;

for admission to a university - 36 points.

The examination time is 3.5 hours (210 minutes).

STRUCTURE OF THE EXAM WORK

Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts and includes 26 tasks that differ in form and level of complexity.

Part 1 contains 25 tasks with a short answer. In the examination paper, the following types of tasks with a short answer are proposed: tasks of an open type for recording a self-formulated correct answer; tasks to choose from and write down one correct answer from the proposed list of answers. The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers) written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Part 2 contains 1 open-ended task with a detailed answer (composition), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

UNSATISFACTORY RESULT

If the participant disagrees with the results of the exam, he can file an appeal.

If a graduate receives a result below the minimum number of points in one of the compulsory subjects (Russian language or mathematics), then he can retake this exam in the same year on the reserve days provided for by the USE schedule.

If a graduate receives an unsatisfactory result in both the Russian language and mathematics, he will be able to retake the exam only next year.

If other USE participants who are not graduates of the current year receive a result below the minimum number of points, they will be able to take the USE in the subject only next year.

What is the structure of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language?

Tasks 1-3 associated with text comprehension. To successfully complete these tasks, you must first analyze the text, think about which information is the main and which is secondary, and find causal relationships.

Task 4checks orthoepic norms (accents). Print out the list for yourself and read, or download the audio version and listen, it will not be possible to prepare for it in the evening, so we recommend that you regularly devote 5-10 minutes to it.

Task 5- paronyms. We memorize lists of paronyms, look at patterns (for example, the suffixes -chiv-, -liv- refer to a person) and practice.

Tasks 8-14 associated with spelling (these are roots, prefixes, suffixes and endings). There is nothing difficult here, we just learn the rules and exceptions to them, pay attention to the traps. If, for example, words with not (intractable) are often written on prefixes, it is easy to make a mistake in such words, because after c there is a voiced consonant, but one has only to drop the prefix not and everything becomes easy.

Despite the ambiguous attitude towards mandatory state exams among school graduates and their parents, the abolition of the Unified State Examination in 2019 should definitely not be expected. Judging by the trend that took place in 2017 and 2018, students will have to prepare even better for graduation tests and start preparing not at the beginning of grade 11, but much earlier.

If in the 2018-2019 academic year you have to finish school and choose a university, we strongly recommend that today you become interested in such questions as:

Required subjects

Although today it is too early to talk about any final decisions regarding the final tests, which should take place in the 2018-2019 academic year, nevertheless, employees of the Ministry of Education and Science are ready to slightly lift the veil of mystery. We managed to find out that in 2019, new compulsory subjects will definitely appear in the Unified State Examination.

Compulsory subjects are Russian language and Mathematics.

History could be added to the compulsory subjects (basic or specialized mathematics and Russian) in 2019. The Ministry of Education and Science focuses on the fact that every citizen should know the history of their country and be able to distinguish historical facts from profanities and fakes, which in recent years have begun to appear more and more often against the backdrop of confrontation between countries in the information field.

As a subject of choice, graduates will be able to choose:

• social science;
• physics;
• chemistry;
• history;
• informatics;
• foreign language;
• geography;
• biology;
• literature.

The list of foreign languages ​​available for delivery will include: English, German, French, Spanish and Chinese.

As before, tests for future applicants will begin at the beginning of winter with the writing of the December essay, which has already become a traditional start of the graduation campaign.

Thus, already today, studying in the 10th grade, future graduates must decide in which direction they would like to continue their education and decide how many and what subjects they need to take for this at the USE in 2019.

Innovations and changes in the USE 2019

If you believe the promises of Vasilyeva, then there will be no cardinal changes in the 2018-2019 season. The innovations introduced in 2017 and 2018 have proved to be excellent, and therefore will be preserved in the new exam tickets.

The following important changes are expected:

1. Compulsory oral part in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language (the exam will be divided into two days).
2. A new task in the written exam in Russian at number 21, where you need to show knowledge of punctuation. And also the test part will include fewer hints than before. Comments on the topic of the essay will be highly valued (+ additional 5 points).
3. Development of new KIM in literature, focused on the disclosure of the creative potential of the examinee.
4. In the USE in history, the quote should not contain extra information that is not related to the context, otherwise the answer will not be counted (this applies to task number 21). As for task No. 2, here you will have to fill in the table yourself, and not choose 2 of the 5 answers provided.
5. Adding the so-called “integrated problems” to the tickets for mathematics, for the solution of which students will need to accumulate knowledge from different areas of algebra and geometry.
6. As for biology, task number 6 will be in the form of a picture, and not in text format.
7. The Informatics exam will be held only with the use of a PC (without the "paper" part).
8. The maximum score for social studies has been increased - now it is not 64, but 65.
9. Chinese language exam with written and oral parts.
10. Tightening the rules aimed at ensuring the reliability of the result.

It is possible that for schoolchildren who did not take a responsible approach to the study of individual subjects and realized their lack of knowledge, only after going to grade 11, the information about how many subjects they have to take on the exam in 2019 will be frightening. But, the purpose of such innovations is to provide competitive universities of the country with students with the necessary amount of knowledge.

For more information about the innovations that are expected in the Unified State Exam, see the interview with Olga Vasilyeva.

USE calendar for 2019

According to the approved schedule of the Unified State Exam, graduates of the 2018-2019 academic year will write the December essay on the following dates:

• main session - 12/05/18;
• 1st retake - 02/06/19;
• 2nd retake - 05/08/19.

The early period will run from 03/20/19 to 04/10/19 according to the established schedule:

The calendar of the main session of the exam in 2019 will be as follows:

In September, graduates will be able to retake only compulsory subjects. The transfer schedule will be as follows:

Minimum and passing scores

Completing the tasks of the exam, the graduate gains test scores, which are converted into final results on a certain scale. Whether there will be changes in the 2019 table is not yet known. But, with a high degree of probability, it can be argued that the system of the minimum and passing score will remain.

• Minimum score- a necessary condition for obtaining a document on education. It is not difficult to score a minimum score in subjects. To do this, it is enough to master the theory and practice at a basic level.
• Passing score- a necessary condition for entry into the university chosen by the graduate. Information about passing scores for a particular specialty at the university of interest should be sought on the official website of the educational institution.

Retake

One of the good news is the fact that in 2019 it will be possible to retake not only compulsory subjects, but also any USE exam. But, only one!

For graduates of previous years who received an unsatisfactory result, as well as for those who “failed” more than 1 subject or were convicted of violating discipline, there will be no retakes.

If the graduate could not appear on the day of the test for a good reason (documented), then he will receive 2 more attempts.

• on the reserve day of the session;
• during the fall session.

Since the USE certificate remains valid for 4 years, the autumn retake opens up the prospect of entering a university next year, or even in 2019-2020, to faculties with a shortage of students.

Training

Reading our article today, you thought in time about preparing for the final tests that await you in the 11th grade.

Experienced teachers, who have years of effective preparation of graduates for the Unified State Exam, recommend going to the intended goal according to the following algorithm:

1. Determine which faculty you would like to enter.
2. Find out what compulsory subjects (USE certificates) the university requires from applicants in 2019.
3. Get acquainted with what changes are expected in 2019 in the main subjects of the Unified State Examination (the official website of the FIPI will help with this).
4. Step by step repeat all the topics of the school course in subjects, practicing the solution of trial tickets in 2018 and 2019.
5. Attend exam preparation courses or contact a tutor.

Unfortunately, practice shows that just a good knowledge of the subject is not enough for the successful passing of the exam. It takes practice to solve tasks of a certain type. Gaining experience in solving USE tickets while preparing for exams, students form a strategy for completing assignments and gain self-confidence, which is an indispensable assistant in achieving success.

Subscribe to our updates or join our groups on social networks and you will not miss important changes and the latest news about what to expect for 11th grade students at the USE in 2019.

We also offer to watch a video of the All-Russian meeting of the head of Rosobrnadzor with parents, at which issues important for future graduates were raised.

In order to receive a school certificate, a graduate must pass two mandatory exams in the form of the Unified State Examination - Russian language and mathematics. The results of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language are required for admission to universities for each area of ​​training (specialty).

The minimum number of points in the Russian language:

to obtain a certificate - 24 points;

for admission to a university - 36 points.

The examination time is 3.5 hours (210 minutes).

STRUCTURE OF THE EXAM WORK

Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts and includes 27 tasks that differ in form and level of complexity.

Part 1 contains 26 short answer tasks. In the examination paper, the following types of tasks with a short answer are proposed:

tasks of an open type for recording a self-formulated correct answer;

tasks to choose from and write down one correct answer from the proposed list of answers.

The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers) written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Part 2 contains 1 open-ended task with a detailed answer (composition), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

USE Appeal.

If the participant disagrees with the results of the exam, he can file an appeal.

If a graduate receives a result below the minimum number of points in one of the compulsory subjects (Russian language or mathematics), then he can retake this exam in the same year on the reserve days provided for by the USE schedule.

If a graduate receives an unsatisfactory result in both the Russian language and mathematics, he will be able to retake the exam only next year.

If other USE participants who are not graduates of the current year receive a result below the minimum number of points, they will be able to take the USE in the subject only next year.

Information taken from the site: https://www.ege.edu.ru/ru/

Well, now the information from us.

What is the structure of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language?

Tasks 1-3.

related to the understanding of the text. To successfully complete these tasks, you must first analyze the text, think about which information is the main and which is secondary, and find causal relationships.

Task 4.

Task 5.

Paronyms. We memorize lists of paronyms, look at patterns (for example, the suffixes -chiv-, -liv- refer to a person) and practice.

Task 6.

Tasks 7-8.

They include a fairly large amount of information that needs to be learned. These tasks also have their own patterns, everything is described in great detail here ( and ).

Tasks 9-15.

Associated with spelling (these are roots, prefixes, suffixes and endings). There is nothing difficult here, we just learn the rules and exceptions to them, pay attention to the traps. If, for example, words with not (intractable) are often written on prefixes, it is easy to make a mistake in such words, because after c there is a voiced consonant, but one has only to drop the prefix not and everything becomes easy.

Tasks 16-21.

Devoted to punctuation (16 simple sentences with homogeneous members and SSP, 17 separate sentence members, 18 introductory words and appeals 19 SPP, 20 complex sentences with different types of connections, 21 punctuation text analysis)

Tasks 22-26.

Task 27.

When you finish doing the theoretical part, start writing. Write a plan on a draft, then write down each item of the plan according to the recommended algorithm, at the end complete your essay by writing an introduction and conclusion, and finally rewrite it in a clean copy.

Good luck on your exam!

Compulsory subjects - mathematics and the Russian language - have been used as a form of state final certification of general secondary education for a number of years. The final certification has general rules that have been repeatedly changed. The latest changes to the general rules will be discussed in this article.

About the rules

The USE (mandatory and optional subjects) is carried out using control measuring materials (KIM), which are standard forms of complexes with tasks. In addition, there are special mandatory forms to draw up answers to tasks. Compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination, as well as elective subjects, are taken in Russian in writing, if this is not a section of foreign languages ​​("speaking").

Exams are held on the territory of Russia and outside it according to a single schedule. The organizers are Rosobrnadzor and the executive authorities of those constituent entities of the Russian Federation that manage the education sector. Outside the country, the Unified State Examination (mandatory and optional subjects) is also accepted by Rosobrnadzor and the founders of educational organizations of the Russian Federation, which are located abroad, have state accreditation and implement educational programs of general secondary education, as well as foreign institutions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, which have structural specialized educational units.

Admission to the exam

Compulsory and elective subjects are taken by students who do not have academic debts and who have fully completed individual or general grades in all subjects for all years of study not lower than satisfactory.

Disabled children and disabled students, as well as students with disabilities who study in educational and educational special institutions of a closed type and institutions where they serve sentences of imprisonment.

Students in educational programs of vocational secondary education also have the right to attestation in the form of the Unified State Examination (Russian language and mathematics, as well as elective subjects for admission to a higher educational institution). Students in educational institutions of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol have the same right.

Recertification and external

The right to attestation in the form of the Unified State Examination is also available to graduates of previous years (with a document on obtaining a general complete secondary education until 2013), as well as to those students who master educational programs of vocational secondary education and study in educational organizations abroad of the Russian Federation, even if they have there are valid results of the exam of the past years.

The USE can also be passed by people who have mastered secondary education programs in other forms - family education or self-education, or who have mastered educational programs that are not accredited by the state. They can externally pass the GIA in

Items

Now the compulsory subjects for passing the exam are the Russian language and mathematics. However, changes and additions are planned for 2020. Firstly, according to the head of the Ministry of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva, an exam in history will be mandatory for everyone. In addition, the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination in 2020 may include a foreign language and geography. Indeed, without knowledge of history, the country will not be able to successfully move into tomorrow. Will geography be a compulsory subject of the Unified State Exam, as long as the entire existing system of exams will be reviewed.

However, English as a compulsory subject in the USE (or another foreign language) is likely to be. A number of regions in 2020 will take such a subject in the testing mode. Further, by 2022, the country will be ready to introduce a foreign language into the minimum examination in schools, and now trial tests are being compiled, programs are being developed. History as a compulsory subject in the Unified State Examination is an issue that has already been practically resolved, although, according to Olga Vasilyeva, this will happen no earlier than 2020. This will be the third compulsory subject.

History with geography

Olga Vasilyeva made many statements at the All-Russian Conference on the History of Russia, which took place in February 2017, regarding the development of education in the country. Much has been said about passing the exam in 2020. Required items will be replenished. She clarified that today children only take mathematics and Russian, but the third subject of the exam should certainly be history.

She also stated that she is carefully listening to the increasingly louder-sounding public opinion regarding the GIA, which students take after the end of the ninth grade, in geography. Many citizens advocate the introduction of such an exam at graduation from school. The list of compulsory USE subjects will definitely be replenished. Perhaps geography will be one of them.

For university admission

In 2009, all high school graduates received information about the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination. They became the Russian language and mathematics. At the same time, each eleventh grader must receive a score not lower than that established by Rosobrnadzor. In addition, school graduates choose several necessary subjects for admission to the university. You need to choose from the list of general education disciplines that are included in the USE list. How many compulsory subjects, for example, should an eleventh grader take when they want to go to university? This will depend on the chosen specialization. For example, a future programmer needs ICT and informatics.

USE assignments in mathematics can be completed in advance not only completely, but also repeatedly, for this there are official portals with open problem banks. Since this subject is compulsory, graduates do just that. But mathematics is different from mathematics. The same future programmers should not decide the basic version, but the profile one. The tasks of the USE in mathematics at the profile level require, meanwhile, only knowledge of the school course. On the website of the selected university, there is probably a free demonstration material that can be used in self-study.

List

Subjects, including compulsory ones, at the choice of a school graduate for admission to a university:

1. Russian language.

2. Profile and basic mathematics.

4. Physics.

5. Social science.

6. History.

7. Information and communication technologies and informatics.

8. Geography.

9. Biology.

10. Literature.

11. Foreign language (English, French, German, Spanish).

To get a high school diploma, you need to take only two compulsory subjects - Russian and mathematics. Further, on a voluntary basis, a graduate can take any subjects of his own choice in accordance with the requirements of a certain one. Everything depends on the planned direction of training, that is, the specialty.

change

Since not too fast, but cardinal changes are taking place in the country, this cannot but affect the education system. The Ministry of Education and Science has accumulated a lot of complaints from the population of the country. Of course, this system of passing exams has its advantages, such as the option of preventing corruption and the independence of the resulting assessment of knowledge. But there are a lot of downsides too. By 2019, it is planned to develop a mechanism for passing the exam in six subjects, as well as to increase the number of certifications for elementary schools. Of course, knowledge must be assessed systematically so that students acquire skills that increase responsibility and order.

In the minus of the existing organization of the exam, both parents and teachers put the test nature of the exam. Most students just try to guess the correct answer. This system should have been abolished a long time ago, replaced by a survey form that existed until 2009. Of course, both rehearsals and public opinion polls are needed before anything new is introduced into this system, because, first of all, it is necessary to understand how each of these changes will improve the situation.

Deadlines and assignments

Conducting the exam on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as outside it, provides for a single schedule. Each subject has its own duration of the exam. In January of this year, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation issues a decree that approves a unified schedule and duration of each exam. It also gives the entire list of funds that will be needed for training and education and will be used during the exam.

FIPI (Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements) develops examination tasks (KIM), that is, complexes of standardized tasks, with the help of which the level of development of the educational standard will be established. On the FIPI website, you can familiarize yourself in advance with the section of the demonstration versions of the USE for each subject, as well as with the documents that regulate the content and structure of the KIM - with all codifiers and specifications. Tasks can be both with detailed and short answers. The oral answers of the examiners in foreign languages ​​are recorded using audio tapes. This section ("speaking") is still on a voluntary basis.

Responsibility

Information of control measuring materials that are used for state certification cannot be disclosed, since it refers to information with restricted access. Therefore, everyone who will be involved in the conduct of the exam, as well as persons taking the exam during the period of its conduct, are responsible for disclosing KIM information in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

If the KIM information is published, for example, on the Internet, this will become evidence of the presence of signs of an offense under Articles 13.14 and 19.30 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation; 59, part 11 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Education in the Russian Federation".

results

The state final certification, which is carried out in the form of the Unified State Examination, uses a hundred-point assessment system in all subjects, except for basic mathematics. Separately, for each subject, a minimum number of points is set, and if the examinee has overcome this threshold, then his mastery of the educational program of the general average level will be confirmed.

When the verification of examination papers is completed, the results of the exam in all subjects are considered by the chairman of the SEC, after which he decides to cancel, change or approve them. The approval of the results takes place within one working day after the verification of all examination papers.

Appeals

If the examining high school graduate is not satisfied with the points received, he has the opportunity to file an appeal of disagreement within two days from the date of the announcement of the results of the exam. It is drawn up in writing and submitted to the educational organization that gave admission to the examinee for the exam.

Graduates of previous years and other categories of USE participants can appeal to the place of registration for delivery or to others that the region has determined. The results of the USE for each examinee exist only in the federal information system, and paper certificates about them are not provided. Their term is four years.

Resurrender

If a graduate of this current year receives a result that is below the established minimum score for any of the compulsory subjects, he can retake the exam again - additional terms are provided for this in a single schedule. If, in any category, the USE participant fails to obtain a minimum score in the subjects that he has chosen for admission to the university, then the retake will take place only after a year.

Since 2015, all students can take the USE in compulsory subjects up to three times (this applies only to mathematics and the Russian language). This is possible either on additional days if only one subject is failed, or in autumn (September, October). In the latter case, admission to the university can no longer take place, since the required deadlines have passed, but the student will receive a certificate.