What is the most correct temperature and humidity in a Russian bath? Optimal temperature in the steam room Humidity in the sauna

There's no name for a bathhouse in Russia! In Russian folklore, she is both a “native mother”, and a “healer”, and “a savior from seven troubles”. Semyon Gerasimovich Zybelin, a student of M.V. Lomonosov, the first Russian professor at the Faculty of Medicine at Moscow University, wrote in his book “On Bathing, Baths and Baths” about the process of washing in a bathhouse as a pleasure. And he called the state after the bath a revival of strength and renewal of feelings. Not only doctors, but also everyone who studies the properties of the bathhouse in one way or another still turn to his works.

There are a lot of works about the bathhouse in general and specifically about the Russian bathhouse. Among those who studied how the Russian bath affects the human body were the scientist, academician Ivan Tarkhanov (1846–1908) and his contemporary Professor Vyacheslav Manassein. Thus, Tarkhanov wrote that it is enough to lightly prick a steamed person with a pin, and blood will immediately come out in drops. This, according to the scientist, is due to an increase in body temperature when a person steams. The blood thickens, hemoglobin increases. However, in order for the blood to return to normal, it is enough to drink 1-2 glasses of water. At what temperature did Tarkhanov’s subjects steam, if his further findings indicate a decrease in body weight at this time from 140 to 580 grams, an increase in chest circumference and a decrease (envy, women!) in abdominal circumference?

There is no point in talking about specific traditional temperature and humidity in a Russian bath. In numerous works of Russian scientists - A. Fadeev. V. Godlevsky, V. Znamensky, S. Kostyurin, N. Zasetsky and many others - they talk about a bath with different temperatures. So, in a classic Russian bath, the temperature ranges from 40 to 60 degrees Celsius and the humidity is kept at approximately the same percentage level (40–60). In such a bath the body heats up very slowly. A person can sit in a steam room for up to an hour. With such a combination of temperature and humidity, medical scientists note a very high inhalation effect of the procedure.

But try to lure a real steam bather into such a bathhouse. He won't understand you. The steam must be strong. That is, the temperature is higher - the humidity is lower. Such baths warm up to 70–90 degrees, and the humidity there does not exceed 35 percent. If the temperature reaches 100 degrees or higher, and the humidity drops even more, then we're talking about about the bathhouse, which we call “sauna”. However, from the works of the already mentioned scientists, it is not difficult to trace that long before they became acquainted with the Finnish sauna, there were always lovers of high temperatures and very low humidity in the steam room in Russia.

The temperature and humidity in a Russian bath largely depend on the design of its stove. If an open water container is used in the steam room, then when the temperature rises, the water evaporates - and the bath is guaranteed high humidity. The temperature of the stones in the heater in such a bath does not rise above 300 degrees Celsius. If you pour water on stones, so-called heavy steam is formed. It hangs in the form of a mist and adversely affects the respiratory tract.

On the contrary, a closed container, and even remote from the oven, does not release moisture at all. The stones in such a steam room can heat up to 700 degrees. It is enough to pour a ladle of water onto the heater, and the liquid instantly turns into dry steam, which is also called light or dispersed. This means that water molecules and air molecules are mixed in it

Teachers and students of the First Moscow Medical Institute, having studied modern Russian baths, came to the conclusion that they are universal. The baths are built in such a way that the temperature and humidity there change depending on the place where you are. So, in the dressing room the temperature will be 20–25 degrees with very moderate humidity; in the washing room it reaches the lower level of a classic bath - 30–35 degrees with a humidity of 40%; and in the steam room it will increase depending on the preference of the steamer. If you don't pour water on the heater, the temperature will probably remain no higher than 80 degrees with a humidity of 25-30 percent. If you want a vigorous sauna, splash one or two buckets of water on the heater, and the classic sauna is ready.

The main principle of the Russian bath, which is noted by all scientists without exception: there is no maximum humidity or temperature in it. Otherwise, it’s not a bathhouse, but wandering with a broom in the fog.

Classic Russian bathhouse and the Finnish sauna - heaven and earth, and all because the air humidity in the bathhouse is much higher and due to this more low temperature. The norm for a steam room is considered to be air humidity of about 80-90% when it becomes heavy, hot and “gray-haired”, but the room temperature rarely exceeds 60?C-70?C.

Such high and very healing humidity for the body is maintained by pouring water over hot stones, and the air temperature in the steam room is regulated even more simply by opening and closing the door.

Although such high humidity is difficult for the body to tolerate, it promotes very deep, thorough heating of the entire body, all its joints and organs. Aromatic oils and herbal decoctions falling on hot stones form air rich in ethers, which, when inhaled, heals the entire body. Bathing with brooms is a kind of massage, which, by warming up the body, becomes even more useful and effective, and during the steaming process, the pores open, blood circulation improves, toxins are removed and all the muscles of the body relax.

Temperature and humidity in a Finnish sauna

Finnish sauna refers to dry air, i.e. characteristic of her low humidity at very high air temperatures. Therefore, the sauna can be heated even up to 130? C, however, only experienced sauna connoisseurs can withstand such “hellish” heat. The statistically average and most acceptable temperature for most visitors is considered to be from 70°C to 110°C, and its golden mean is 90 degrees Celsius. With such high temperature The air humidity in a Finnish sauna is no more than 10-15%. Even children and the elderly can tolerate this temperature quite comfortably.

Due to low humidity, air heating up to 110-120? C human body tolerates it quite easily, although steam lovers often note dryness of the mucous membranes and respiratory tract, as well as a burning sensation in the nasal cavity.

If you feel that it has become too hot, go down to the bottom shelf and temporarily open the door to let out hot air and reduce the temperature in the room.

Temperature and humidity in a Turkish hammam

A hammam is a cross between a Russian bathhouse and a sauna, but it is still closer to a steam room. There is almost 100% humidity, but the temperature rarely exceeds 50 degrees Celsius. The dense and dense steam in a Turkish bath is very easy to tolerate, and in combination with a pleasant temperature, it allows you to stay in the room for a long time and is not particularly tiring - this is why women love the hammam so much.

If the sauna heats up very quickly, then the Russian bathhouse needs to be heated properly, for at least 6 hours, gradually increasing the temperature. And only when the stones are sufficiently hot, and the room is dried and warmed up, can you make steam. Another important point– in a bathhouse or sauna it is better to lie down or sit, change body position, incl. You need to get up gradually, slowly.

Please note that you should not visit the bathhouse or sauna in the following cases:

• for cardiovascular diseases;
• for hypertension;
• for skin diseases;
• at a temperature;
• in case of aggravated chronic diseases;
• for diseases of the central nervous system;
• during menstruation.

Visit to the bathhouse is an art made up of little things that everyone should know.

The temperature in the Russian bath should be comfortable for the procedures.

The variety of baths allows a person to make a choice in favor of one or several health procedures. It all depends on health and preferences. For those who are building a structure on the site, you need to know what temperature should be in a bathhouse of any type. Let's get acquainted with the indicators.

For convenience, it is better to place a thermometer in any steam room.

In Russia there are more adherents of the traditional Russian bathhouse, which is famous for its healing properties. But the bathhouse is not always built or used correctly. It seems that the rules for choosing material for the log house have been taken into account, the stove has been installed, the interior decoration has been done, but there is no feeling of complete satisfaction after leaving the steam room. This is due to the incorrect ratio of heat and humidity in the bath. According to traditional concepts, the bathhouse is divided into three compartments:

• The dressing room is a place for undressing and rest; equipped with benches, a tea table, hangers, shelves. The room temperature is the lowest, comfortable for relaxation.
• A washroom is a place where people wash, apply products to the body and hair, and carry out various procedures. The temperature is higher than in the waiting room. Humidity within 50%. Equipped with benches, there is a window.
• The steam room is the place of the main actions for steaming the body. Here, along with sweat, waste products, skin and internal organs, bones and joints receive maximum heating. The temperature is the highest - up to 70%. But the humidity should also be high - 80–90%, so as not to burn your breath. They are equipped with sun loungers and a heater with a hole for steam, which is obtained by splashing water on the stones. Do not wash your hair before visiting the steam room to avoid heatstroke.

Often the last two compartments are combined into one to save space. Then the air is heated gradually. Stay in it for no longer than 30 minutes if you are an experienced bathhouse attendant. A beginner should get used to hot, moist steam gradually, starting from 5–10 minutes.

More information about how to take a steam bath is described in the video:

The optimal temperature and humidity in a Russian bath is created gradually. Exists correct ritual visits to the bathhouse:

1. After the bath has been completely heated, the first run should be short and dry. The skin will steam at low humidity and temperature. Rest.
2. On the second pass, add steam by splashing water on the hot stones. Hot steam rises to the ceiling. Take the correct position - lie on the shelves or sit with your legs raised to body level. The temperature is lowest at the bottom. If you don't raise your legs, your body will warm up incorrectly, which will put a lot of stress on your heart.
3. When the temperature and humidity become familiar, start manipulating with brooms. Don’t overdo it, go to the dressing room in time to rest and cool down.
4. You can enter the steam room several times, adjusting the humidity and temperature, adding water to the stones or opening the doors for ventilation.

Sometimes even in a good Russian bath it is cold or the air is damp and heavy. This can be adjusted gradually by trying different steam and humidity settings. But do not exceed the regime: temperature no higher than 70 0, humidity within 30–70%. Monitor the parameters using special devices or according to your feelings when relaxation occurs.

Temperature and humidity in a Finnish sauna

There are many adherents of foreign types of baths. The Finnish sauna is in demand. It is built separately, like a Russian bathhouse, or an area is allocated in a residential building. The sauna differs in temperature and type of design. Most they are taken to the dressing room, because the principle of the Finnish sauna is to warm up less, relax more. The pause time can be up to 40 minutes.

The steam room in the Finnish sauna is small to ensure fast, strong heating. The temperature should be from 70 to 100 0, with humidity not exceeding 10%. The air is very hot and dry. This regime can only withstand healthy man. It is difficult to steam in such a bath; the broom dries quickly and breaks.

There is a designated area for washing, but this is a special shower room where you can take a contrast shower and wash yourself. The Finnish sauna is equipped with a good ventilation system, allowing you to control humidity and temperature regime.

They spend no more than 10–15 minutes in the steam room, but some people can withstand a shorter period. Monitor your feelings.

Turkish bath: features of temperature and procedures

It is no coincidence that the Turkish bath is gaining popularity. The procedures in it are not contraindicated for people, unless there are special recommendations from doctors. The temperature in the hammam varies and depends on the preferences of the vacationer.

Usually this is a whole complex consisting of six or more rooms: a large locker room, steam rooms, decorated with marble and ceramic tiles. Temperatures range from 45 to 100°, and humidity reaches 100%. It is easy to breathe in such a bath. People spend up to an hour inside the steam room without experiencing discomfort.

The Turkish sauna is equipped with pools with different water temperatures, which are visited after procedures for greater body tone.

The peculiarity of the steam room is the constant heating of the sun loungers and a large dense fog formed due to high humidity.

At home, parameters are created that are comfortable for family members.

Having considered three examples of bathhouse complexes, you can decide for yourself what temperature should be in the bathhouse on your site. If in a Finnish and Turkish bath the temperature regime is determined by technical parameters, then in a Russian bath you need skill and patience to get comfortable conditions. Try what is closest to you and enjoy. Enjoy Your Bath! If the steam is light, then the feeling after the bath is wonderful.

What should be the temperature and humidity in the bathhouse during health procedures? This question is no less important than the choice of a heater or a bath broom.

First of all, novice bathhouse attendants need to know this, because it is difficult for them to determine the correct ratio of these parameters when visiting the steam room for the first time.

Temperature and humidity in steam rooms of different types

The most popular steam rooms are the Russian bath, Finnish sauna and Turkish hammam. They gain particular popularity and trust.

What temperature should be in a bathhouse, sauna or hammam for safe cleansing procedures?

• In the Russian steam room maximum heating is carried out at 65–90°C, humidification at 55–90%;
• In a Finnish sauna, heating is provided at 72–110°C, humidification is up to 5–16%;
• In a Turkish hammam heating is provided at 45–50°C, humidification at 85–100%;
• In the infrared sauna heating is provided at 35–45°C, humidification at 45–60%.

It is important to understand that optimal temperature warming and humidifying the air is acceptable for all categories of visitors. However, beginners prefer gentle procedures, while experienced bathhouse attendants prefer hotter ones.

Russian hot steam room

Finnish dry steam room

Relaxing Turkish Hamam

Increase in temperature

The temperature in a Russian bath should increase gradually, especially when it comes to carrying out the first procedures. It is worth remembering that the maximum permissible difference between the first room and the last should not exceed 41°C. At the same time, each bath room has its own mode:

• in the steam room, heating is carried out at 55–90°C, humidification reaches 72%;
• in the dressing room and rest room – 28°C, humidification up to 78%;
• in the locker room - 26°C with a humidity of 61%.

In a pool or font, the water warms up to 15–25°C, ensuring safe cooling of the body after health procedures.

For a dry Finnish steam room, the meaning of the regimes that the human body can withstand will be different. High level Warming up the air in the steam room reduces the time of procedures several times. Therefore, when visiting a Finnish steam room, it is recommended to observe the following time frames under the following regimes:

• No more than 60 minutes at 72°C;
• Up to 48 minutes at 83°C;
• Up to 34 minutes at 94°C;
• Up to 27 minutes at 105°C.

Maximum permissible heating level air masses in a room in which a person’s lungs continue to function normally – 120°C.

To maintain the heating and humidification regime, special humidity meters and thermometers are installed in the steam room.

Each visitor determines the optimal heating level of the steam room independently, taking into account physiological characteristics, personal preferences and well-being. It is important that when doing this bath procedures did not cause harm to the human body.