How many degrees in the winter cancel school. Cold temperatures are a legitimate reason not to go to school

Children spend almost half of their daylight hours, therefore, for parents, the conditions in which the child studies have great importance. Sanitary and hygienic indicators and lighting for child health and immunity play an important role. Features of the child's body are such that even the slightest change in the microclimate is reflected in thermoregulation. That is why students need to provide appropriate temperature regime and comfort. If the temperature regime at the school is not observed, then the heat transfer from the growing organism increases, which leads to cooling, and in such a situation it is within reach.

The microclimate in any room depends on the air temperature, its humidity (relative), as well as the speed of movement. If the last two indicators are easy to regulate, then the indoor air temperature in schools depends on a number of factors. The most significant factor is the heat transfer of the heating system. If the school is connected to the central heating system, then all that management can do educational institution- this is to install radiators with high efficiency. High-quality doors that fit snugly against the frame help to maintain the air temperature in the school as normal. If these measures do not help, it is recommended to keep a temperature log at the school. The results of daily measurements can be presented to the heat supply organization.

According to the current standards, school attendance is possible at the following temperature conditions:

• from 17 degrees in classrooms;
• from 15 degrees in school shops, workshops;
• from 15 degrees in the gym;
• from 19 degrees in locker rooms and dressing rooms;
• from 16 degrees in the library;
• from 17 degrees in assembly halls;
• from 17 degrees in the toilets;
• from 21 degrees in the medical room.

If a minimum temperature in the school premises is below normal, the cancellation of classes is the only possible solution.

The temperature inside the school premises cannot but depend on the temperature outside the window. Even the highest quality windows and doors will not save you from the cold if winter is raging outside. Severe frosts are often the reason for the official cancellation of classes. The relevant standards have been developed in the CIS countries. Thus, the temperature at which classes are canceled in schools varies from -25 to -40 degrees. In addition, wind speed also matters. If it is less than two meters per second, then training sessions are canceled at the following temperature conditions:

• -30 degrees for students in grades 1-4;
• -35 degrees for students in grades 1-9;
• -40 degrees for students in grades 1-11.

With more high speed Wind conditions for canceling classes are as follows:

At extreme temperatures air, unusual for specific regions, local TV channels, radio and print media inform the population about the closure of schools. But The best way find out if the school has canceled classes, this is phone call class teacher.

Ultimately, parents should be guided common sense. If it’s bitter cold outside, and going to school turns into an extreme test, then you should skip classes even if they are not officially canceled. Learn with the child passed in his absence educational material easier than treating him for hypothermia and applying for a sick leave at the clinic so as not to be reprimanded at work by management.

Frosty weather in Russia begins to set in December. Cold roam the regions until spring, and many schoolchildren dream of extra vacations on such days. Children rarely think about the fact that they will have to make up for lost time, strenuously studying after.

Temperature values ​​for activated days

The decision to cancel classes due to severe frosts in schools Russian Federation accepted either by education committees or school administrations. There are no clear rules, there are only recommendations from the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare. Cancel school visits in each region of Russia independently, given the climate, current weather and the incidence of influenza and SARS in students.

According to the recommendations of Rospotrebnadzor, students in grades 1-4 may not attend school when the temperature on the thermometer is -27 ° C, and students in grades 5-11 at a temperature of -30 ° C. Wind speed is also taken into account, which aggravates the effect of frosty air and leads to severe frostbite.

Often junior schoolchildren do not attend classes already at -25 ° C and wind more than 2.5 m / s, and high school students can cancel their classes at -29 ° C and wind more than 7 m / s. In the southern regions, the temperature bar for activated days is slightly higher, and in the northern regions, on the contrary, it is below the main values.

This is due to the ability of children of different climatic zones endure cold. Children southern regions adapt to frost worse, and northern schoolchildren are more resistant to low winter temperatures.

During periods of influenza and SARS epidemics, classes can be canceled not only for a few days, but for the entire predicted frosty period. In this case, the children receive additional holidays. Then come to the aid of teachers social media.

Lessons in social networks

On frosty days, when students stay at home, teachers give them tasks through social networks. This can be a group in Odnoklassniki or VKontakte, as well as special school websites. Assignments are given daily and are checked by teachers either via the Internet or after the frosts are canceled already in schools.

In cold weather, parents have the right to leave the child at home or send him to classes, in which case all responsibility lies with them. If the child gets sick, there will be no one to blame. Small gaps in knowledge are much easier to fill. Yes and extra rest modern children only benefit.

At what temperature in winter can you not go to work?

Severe frosts have come to many Russian regions. The January cold can be a legitimate reason not to go to work or school. Taking into account the weather conditions in a particular region, the decision to cancel classes is made by the local department of education, and in production by the company's management, taking into account the requirements of the Labor Code and sanitary standards.

Workers in production

At extremely low temperatures, the work of specialists in some professions is stopped, and the working day is also reduced for employees of those offices that are poorly heated. Working in cold weather outdoors or in closed, unheated premises regulated by Article 109 Labor Code RF.

According to the document, persons working outdoors should be provided with breaks in work for heating, which must be included in work time. The duration and number of breaks is determined by the administration of the company together with the trade union organization.

The work of masons stops at a temperature of -25 ° C with a wind of more than three points or a temperature of -30 ° C without wind.

The work of representatives of other professions related to being outdoors stops at a temperature of -27 ° C with a wind of more than three points or a temperature of -35 ° C without wind.

If the activity is related to equipment that failed during the cold weather, time forced downtime should be paid at the rate of two-thirds of the salary.

Office workers

For office workers, weather conditions, according to the law, do not affect work. Only the temperature at the workplace is taken into account. Working conditions are regulated by sanitary rules and norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 " Hygiene requirements to the microclimate of industrial premises.

According to the document, those who work indoors are conditionally divided into five categories.

* 1a - sedentary work. This includes managers, office workers, workers in the clothing and watch industries. For them the most comfortable temperature indoors +22°С - +24°С.

* 1b - if you spend the whole day on your feet. For example, these are controllers, sales consultants. They should work at +21°С - +23°С.

* 2a- work involves some physical stress. For example, tour guides, staff Borochny shops at machine-building enterprises. Optimum temperature for them - +19°С -+21°С.

* 2b - work associated with walking and carrying loads up to ten kilograms. Basically, these are factory workers - locksmiths, welders. For them, the room temperature should be + 17 ° С - +19 ° С.

* 3 — involves heavy physical labor, for example, in foundries and blacksmith shops. The same category includes loaders who carry furniture and equipment heavier than ten kilograms. For them, the temperature is somewhat lower - + 16 ° С - + 18 ° С.

If the temperature at the workplace drops by 1 degree below normal, the working time is reduced by 1 hour. Thus, at a temperature of +19°C, a working day office worker will be 7 hours, +18 ° С - 6 hours and so on. At a temperature of + 12 ° C and below, work stops and, in accordance with Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, working hours in this case are paid by the employer in the amount of at least two-thirds of the tariff rate.

Kindergarten

The kindergarten works at any air temperature on the street. But according to sanitary standards SanPiN 2.4.1.1249-03, when the air temperature is below -15°C and the wind speed is more than 7 m/s, the duration of the walk is reduced. The walk is not carried out at air temperatures below -15°C and wind speeds over 15 m/s for children under 4 years old, and for children 5-7 years old at air temperatures below -20°C and wind speeds over 15 m/s (for middle lane).

School

The regulations that apply today regarding school attendance by children in severe frosts are as follows:

- at a temperature of -25 ° C, schoolchildren of grades 1-4 do not study rural schools
- at a temperature of -27 ° C - students of grades 1-4 of urban and rural schools
- at a temperature of -30 ° C and below, all students do not study - from grades 1 to 11

When the above temperatures occur, the Ministry of Education issues appropriate orders. But the decision to stop classes due to frosty weather is made by the leadership of each educational institution on one's own. If such a decision is made, the child, on its basis, can rest from school.

The cancellation of classes in schools is affected not only by temperature, but also by the strength of the wind. Usually, the temperature threshold for school cancellations due to wind drops by 2-3 degrees.

Cancellation of school classes in the regions

For the northern regions of the country, the temperature limits for canceling classes are lower. In the Urals, the following scale for canceling classes is applied:

25°C - -28°C - kids do not go to school,
-28°С - -30°С - students of grades 5-9 do not study,
-30°С - -32°С — high school students may not come.

In Siberia elementary grades do not learn at -30 ° C degrees. Schoolchildren in grades 5-9 may not come if the thermometer drops to -32°C and -35°C. High school students do not go to school if it is -35°С - -40°С outside.

In Yakutia, in order for students in grades 1-4 not to go to school, the thermometer must drop to -40 ° C. For schoolchildren high school the temperature should be -48 ° C, and high school students do not go to school only if it is -50 ° C outside.

Severe frosts put parents before the choice of sending the child to Kindergarten and school or leave at home.

Classes at school are not canceled even in frosty weather, however, severe frosts and especially with wind allow not only students to refuse to study elementary school but for middle and high school students.

In what frosts do children not go to school: who decides where to find out?

Low temperatures This is a legitimate reason not to go to school.

If local authorities decide to release schoolchildren from classes, then the child may not go to school on official grounds.

In educational SanPiN there are no clear instructions at what temperatures schoolchildren may not study.

The decision to cancel classes is made by the local department of education, taking into account the weather conditions specifically for their region or city at the current time. The message that children may not attend classes is officially published in the media.

Information about the cancellation of classes can be found on the city website, the website of the educational institution, or simply call the school.

In what frosts do children not go to school: temperature scale

So, for the central part of Russia, the reason for canceling classes at primary school the temperature is -23-25 ​​degrees. Middle school students may not attend classes at -26-28, and high school students - from -31 degrees and below. Such temperature limits apply in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Smolensk and other cities of central Russia.

Accordingly, these temperature limits are lower for the northern regions of the country, and higher for the southern ones.

So, in the Urals, the following scale for canceling classes is applied:

25-28 - kids do not go to school,
-28-30 - students of grades 5-9 do not study,
-30-32 - high school students may not come.

In Siberia, the reason for the cancellation of classes in schools are even lower temperatures. So, for example, in Omsk and Irkutsk, elementary grades do not study at -30 degrees. Schoolchildren in grades 5-9 may not come if the thermometer drops to -32 and -35 degrees. Omsk high school students do not go to school if it is -35 outside, and Irkutsk residents at -40.

In the northern regions of Russia, temperatures for school cancellations reach such values ​​that Russians from other regions cannot even imagine what it is like to go outside in such a frost, not to mention sending children somewhere. So, in Yakutia, in order for students in grades 1-4 not to go to school, the thermometer must drop to -40 degrees! For the middle school level, the temperature should be -48, and high school students do not go to school only if it is -50 outside. True, the residents of Yakutia themselves note that -50 in the daytime is rare - a few separate days throughout the winter.

Concerning southern regions Russia, the likelihood of school cancellations due to low temperatures is unlikely here. Frost is extremely rare here. Even in the winter months average temperature air in the south of Russia fluctuates around 7-8 degrees above zero, and sometimes reaches +15 and +20 degrees! But in this warm region of Russia, children's institutions can cancel classes due to other vagaries of the weather: floods, hurricanes, storms. These phenomena here, unlike frosts, happen very often, regardless of the time of year.

To cancel classes in schools due to frost, not only the temperature on the street and the region are taken into account: the strength of the wind is of great importance.

As you know, when the weather is windy, the frost is felt more strongly, therefore, if the weather is established in the region not only with a low temperature, but also with a strong wind, then the probability of canceling classes is higher. Usually, the temperature threshold for school cancellations due to wind drops by 2-3 degrees.

For example, in Altai, in cold weather, kids do not study at -30 degrees, and if more is added strong wind, then at -27. Middle and high school students do not go to classes at -35, and if the weather is windy, then at -32 you can stay at home.

Some regions share temperature limits for canceling classes for rural and urban schools. Usually, city schools close at more than severe frosts than rural ones. The difference is the same 2-3 degrees. For example, in Udmurtia, primary school students in rural schools may not attend classes at -25 degrees, and urban ones at -27 degrees. Schoolchildren of the middle and senior level may not go to school at -30.

By the way, it is worth noting that no matter what the temperature outside, in the classroom, the thermometer should show at least +18 degrees. If the school building is colder, then classes cannot be held. The school must either take action quickly or let the children go home.

And once again, we remind you that the temperature values approximate. Each region annually before the onset of frost determines the temperature at which children may not attend school.

Spotted a typo or mistake? Select the text and press Ctrl+Enter to tell us about it.

The Ininsky rock garden is located in the Barguzinskaya valley. Huge stones as if someone deliberately scattered or placed on purpose. And in places where megaliths are placed, something mysterious always happens.

One of the attractions of Buryatia is the Ininsky rock garden in the Barguzin valley. It makes an amazing impression - huge stones scattered in disorder on a completely flat surface. As if someone deliberately either scattered them, or placed them on purpose. And in places where megaliths are placed, something mysterious always happens.

Power of nature

In general, the "rock garden" is Japanese name artificial landscape that key role stones are played, arranged according to strict rules. "Karesansui" (dry landscape) has been cultivated in Japan since the 14th century, and it appeared for a reason. It was believed that gods lived in places with a large accumulation of stones, as a result of which the stones themselves began to be given divine significance. Of course, now the Japanese use rock gardens as a place for meditation, where it is convenient to indulge in philosophical reflections.

And philosophy is here. Chaotic, at first glance, the arrangement of stones, in fact, is strictly subject to certain laws. First, the asymmetry and size difference of the stones must be respected. There are certain points of observation in the garden - depending on the time when you are going to contemplate the structure of your microcosm. And the main trick is that from any point of observation there should always be one stone that ... is not visible.

The most famous rock garden in Japan is located in Kyoto, the ancient capital of the samurai country, in the Ryoanji Temple. This is the home of Buddhist monks. And here in Buryatia, a "rock garden" appeared without the efforts of man - its author is Nature itself.

In the southwestern part of the Barguzinskaya Valley, 15 kilometers from the village of Suvo, where the Ina River leaves the Ikat Range, this place is located with an area of ​​more than 10 square kilometers. Significantly more than any Japanese rock garden - in the same proportion as the Japanese bonsai is smaller than the Buryat cedar. Here, large blocks of stone, reaching 4-5 meters in diameter, protrude from the flat ground, and these boulders go up to 10 meters deep!

The removal of these megaliths from the mountain range reaches 5 kilometers or more. What kind of force could scatter these huge stones at such distances? The fact that this was not done by a person became clear from recent history: a 3-kilometer canal was dug here for irrigation purposes. And in the channel channel here and there lie huge boulders, going to a depth of up to 10 meters. They fought, of course, but to no avail. As a result, all work on the channel was stopped.

Scientists put forward different versions of the origin of the Ininsky rock garden. Many consider these blocks to be moraine boulders, that is, glacial deposits. Scientists call the age different (E. I. Muravsky believes that they are 40-50 thousand years old, and V. V. Lamakin - more than 100 thousand years!), Depending on which glaciation to count.

According to geologists, in ancient times the Barguzin basin was a shallow freshwater lake, which was separated from Baikal by a narrow and low mountain bridge connecting the Barguzin and Ikat ridges. As the water level rose, a runoff formed, which turned into a river bed, which cut deeper and deeper into solid crystalline rocks. It is known how storm water flows in spring or after heavy rain wash away steep slopes, leaving deep furrows of gullies and ravines. Over time, the water level dropped, and the area of ​​the lake, due to the abundance of suspended material brought into it by rivers, decreased. As a result, the lake disappeared, and in its place there was a wide valley with boulders, which were later attributed to natural monuments.

But recently, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences G.F. Ufimtsev offered very original idea which has nothing to do with glaciation. In his opinion, the Ininsky rock garden was formed as a result of a relatively recent, catastrophic gigantic ejection of large-block material.

According to his observations, glacial activity on the Ikat Range manifested itself only in a small area in the upper reaches of the Turokcha and Bogunda rivers, while in the middle part of these rivers there are no traces of glaciation. Thus, according to the scientist, there was a breakthrough of the dam of the dammed lake in the course of the Ina River and its tributaries. As a result of a breakthrough from the upper reaches of the Ina, a mudflow or ground avalanche threw a large amount of blocky material into the Barguzin valley. This version is supported by the fact of severe destruction of the bedrock sides of the Ina River valley at the confluence with the Turokcha, which may indicate the demolition of a large volume of rocks by mudflows.

In the same section of the Ina River, Ufimtsev noted two large “amphitheatres” (resembling a huge funnel) measuring 2.0 by 1.3 kilometers and 1.2 by 0.8 kilometers, which could probably be the bed of large dammed lakes. The breakthrough of the dam and the release of water, according to Ufimtsev, could have occurred as a result of manifestations of seismic processes, since both slope "amphitheaters" are confined to the zone of a young fault with thermal water outlets.

Here the gods were naughty

An amazing place has long interested local residents. And for the "rock garden" people came up with a legend rooted in hoary antiquity. The start is simple. Somehow, two rivers, Ina and Barguzin, argued, which of them would be the first (first) to reach Baikal. Barguzin cheated and set off on the road that evening, and in the morning the angry Ina rushed after her, in anger throwing huge boulders out of her way. So they still lie on both banks of the river. Isn't it just a poetic description of a powerful mudflow proposed for explanation by Dr. Ufimtsev?

The stones still keep the secret of their formation. They are not only different sizes and colors, they are generally from different breeds. That is, they were not broken out from one place. And the depth of occurrence speaks of many thousands of years, during which meters of soil have grown around the boulders.

For those who have seen the Avatar movie, on a foggy morning, Ina's stones will remind you of hanging mountains around which winged dragons fly. The peaks of the mountains jut out of the clouds of mist like individual fortresses or the heads of giants in helmets. The impressions from the contemplation of the rock garden are amazing, and it is not by chance that people endowed the stones magic power: it is believed that if you touch the boulders with your hands, they will take away negative energy, instead bestowing positive energy.

In these amazing places there is another place where the gods were naughty. This place was nicknamed "Suva Saxon Castle". This is natural formation is located near the group of salty Alga lakes near the village of Suvo, on the steppe slopes of a hill at the foot of the Ikat Range. The picturesque rocks are very reminiscent of the ruins of an ancient castle. These places served as a particularly revered and sacred place for Evenki shamans. In the Evenki language, "suvoya" or "suvo" means "whirlwind".

It was believed that it was here that spirits lived - the owners of local winds. The main and most famous of which was the legendary wind of Baikal "Barguzin". According to legend, an evil ruler lived in these places. He was distinguished by a ferocious disposition, he took pleasure in bringing misfortune to the poor and indigent people.

He had an only and beloved son, who was bewitched by spirits as punishment for a cruel father. After realizing his cruel and unfair attitude towards people, the ruler fell to his knees, began to beg and tearfully ask to restore his son's health and make him happy. And he distributed all his wealth to people.

And the spirits freed the son of the ruler from the power of the disease! It is believed that for this reason the rocks are divided into several parts. There is a belief among the Buryats that the owners of Suvo, Tumurzhi-Noyon and his wife, Tutuzhig-Khatan, live in the rocks. Burkhans were erected in honor of the Suva rulers. AT special days rituals are performed in these places.