Mother and stepmother riddles description quiz. About flowers mother and stepmother for children. How to properly collect medicinal herbs

We are surrounded by plants everywhere: flowers, herbs, trees and shrubs. Without plants there would be no life on earth. Plants help us breathe. And with their help you can cure some diseases. You just need to know which plants are medicinal and use them correctly.

Every plant is created by nature for good. People studied plants, passed on their knowledge about medicinal properties plants, constituted the “Herbalists”.

Our pharmacy is practically under our feet. Children need to see beauty surrounding nature, understand the benefits of plants, flowers and herbs. We, adults, walk with children, go on excursions, to the park, forest, field, and introduce them to our Mother Nature. In spring and summer you can walk a lot and watch plants and insects. Children are interested in everything.

We'll tell you children about medicinal plants. What plants are called medicinal, how to collect them correctly. Teach children to distinguish medicinal herbs and educate careful attitude to nature.

Medicinal plants with descriptions for children

And in the thickets of the forest,

In the fields and meadows

Where everything is sweet for the heart,

Where clean air It's so sweet to breathe.

Found in herbs and flowers

healing power,

For everyone who can

Unravel their secret.

(Sunday Christmas)

When we are sick, we don’t always need to run to the pharmacy for pills. We are surrounded by many plants that can be used for treatment.

Plants that are used to treat various diseases are called medicinal. What plants are medicinal?

Many medicinal plants have been known to children since childhood. These are: dandelion, chamomile, nettle, plantain, coltsfoot, lilies of the valley, linden.

Let's look at the most famous plants for children.

Stinging nettle

The word comes from the Old Russian word “koprena” - silk. Fiber was obtained from nettles and fabrics were made.

Previously, nettle was considered a means of exorcism.

In difficult years, nettle helped people a lot. It was eaten, soups and salads were prepared. How medicinal plant has been known for a long time. Popular wisdom says: “ One nettle will replace seven doctors.”

Nettle is used for pneumonia, bleeding, gargling, and to strengthen hair.

The stems and leaves of nettle are covered with stinging hairs. This feature of the plant is reflected in riddles and proverbs.

Messing with him is like sitting in nettles.

Although it’s not fire, it burns.

What kind of grass can a blind person recognize?

Grows like a green wall,

They pass her by

A prickly and evil diva,

What is the name of the grass?

(Nettle)

pharmaceutical camomile

The sisters are standing in the field,

Yellow eyes look at the sun,

Every sister has

White eyelashes

(Chamomile)

The name comes from the Latin “romona” - Roman, borrowed from Polish language. In literature, her image is associated with the image of modest beauty and kindness.

Description of chamomile

Chamomile is an annual herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family.

The flowers are collected in a basket, which consists of white tongue-shaped petals and yellow tubular flowers. Chamomile blooms from May to September. It grows everywhere: in fields, near roads, near human homes.

Medicinal properties of chamomile.

Used as a sedative, anti-inflammatory, diuretic.

Chamomile decoction is used to gargle and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent for gastrointestinal diseases. Apply as cosmetic product, a decoction of chamomile gives blond hair a golden tint.

How is chamomile prepared?

Flowers are collected in dry weather, dried in a well-warmed room by the sun, scattered in a thin layer on fabric or paper.

Dandelion officinalis

This plant has been familiar to children since childhood. Who doesn’t love collecting yellow dandelions and making wreaths from them? This is a perennial plant of the Asteraceae family.

They bloom for a long time, producing many seeds per season.

When dandelions bloom, it seems that the children of the sun have descended to the earth and covered it with a beautiful carpet.

Dandelion is very similar to the sun.

Dandelion has been used for a long time medicinal purposes. It is called the “elixir of life” for good reason: all parts of the plant are useful. And roots, leaves, flowers.

Dandelion flowers are used to make a jam similar to honey. You can use the leaves to make healthy salads in spring.

Dandelion salad:

100 g dandelion leaves;

90 g green onions;

25 g parsley;

15 g vegetable oil;

1 boiled egg;

salt, pepper to taste.

Soak the dandelion leaves in salt water for 30 minutes, chop them, add herbs, oil, and decorate with a boiled egg.

Dandelion has diaphoretic, antipyretic and expectorant properties.

Plantain

Grows near roads. Its Russian names are “plantain”, “fellow traveler”. It is also called “reznik”, “rannik” - for its wound-healing properties.

In medicine, the leaves are used to heal wounds and cuts. Also used for bee, wasp and even snake bites. Freshly crushed plantain leaves prevent the appearance of edema.

Plantain is used for diseases of the upper respiratory tract, gastritis, and stomach diseases.

Plantain seeds are sticky, stick to human shoes, to the paws of animals and are carried over long distances.

You will meet him along the paths,

You will heal abrasions,

Tear off the leaf carefully.

Who will heal us?

(Plantain)

Coltsfoot

I'm not famous for flowers

And with regular sheets:

Then hard, cold,

It's soft and dark.

The plant got its name from the structure of its leaves. Below they are white, fluffy, soft, like a mother's hands. Green on top, cold - like a stepmother.

A perennial plant of the Asteraceae family, with straight stems covered with brownish scale-like leaves.

There are yellow flowers on the stem.

The plant has long been used as a medicinal plant. Coltsfoot is a honey plant. And these are the first spring flowers that delight us.

Coltsfoot flowers

Like the lights of the sun.

They grow on a hillock,

Straight from the snow - and they bloom!

(L. Akinshina)

Mystery

The leaf is smooth on top

But with flannelette lining

(Coltsfoot)

The plant uses both flowers and leaves. Used for coughs, to strengthen the immune system, as a diaphoretic.

Ivan-tea or fireweed

In ancient times, ropes were made from its stems and they called it “wild flax.” A good honey plant.

It is brewed like tea. Used for kidney disease as a sedative.

Shepherd's Purse

This plant grows everywhere like a weed. The fruit is a triangular pod similar to a shepherd's purse.

The infusion is used for bleeding.

In vacant lots and along roads

Weed with white inflorescence.

But having studied all its properties,

You might look at it the wrong way.

Stop the bleeding

In China, it is a salad for the table.

The weed is tenacious: there are so many seeds

In a fruit that looks like a bag.

(Shepherd's purse)

What other medicinal plants are known to children?

Mint

Add it to tea. There's a lot in mint useful properties. Pleasant aroma, cooling taste. Mint tinctures are calming.

The tea is delicious and fragrant,

With her he is light and pleasant:

The leaves are torn off and wrinkled.

What are you inhaling? - Smell…( mint)

Calendula or marigold

What strange flowers

Under the name marigold?

So similar to daisies -

Everyone wearing orange shirts?

(Calendula)

It has an expectorant, diuretic, and sweatogenic agent. Calendula is used to gargle for stomatitis and sore throat.

Lily of the valley

Listed in the Red Book. A fragile, beautiful and fragrant flower. But be careful. Lily of the valley is poisonous.

Lily of the valley - very useful plant. Cardiac and sedative drops are prepared from it. IN folk medicine Lily of the valley is used, but you need to consult a doctor because it is unsafe.

The forest turns black

Warmly awakened

Surrounded by spring dampness.

And on strings of pearls

Everyone is shaking from the wind.

Carefully intertwined by nature,

Wrapped in green leaf

A flower grows in the untouched wilderness

Cool, fragile and fragrant.

(May lily of the valley)

St. John's wort

This is a low perennial plant with a straight, thin stem. There are light dots on the leaves that look like holes. The plant is called St. John's wort.

These cells store essential oils.

On the branches - inflorescences yellow flowers with a balsamic scent. St. John's wort blooms from June to August. Grows in meadows, fields, and along bank slopes.

Contains carotene and vitamin C. A plant useful for humans.

It is also called “God’s grass” and cures 99 ailments. Why not 100? St. John's wort should not be used by patients with tumors.

An infusion of the herb is used for stomach diseases, for gargling, and drunk as tea.

If something hurts,

Even the beast cannot resist.

What herb should you drink the infusion with?

With miracle weed...

(St. John's wort)

Burdock

An unpretentious plant that grows everywhere. Just a wonderful weed. Children make figurines from its fruits. Burdock is also called burdock.

Both burdock roots and its leaves are used in medicine. Decoctions, infusions, extracts are prepared from them and treated various diseases: gastritis, constipation, hemorrhoids, osteochondrosis, stomatitis.

Burdock leaves are applied to sore joints. Burdock decoction strengthens hair.

How to collect medicinal herbs correctly?

Medicinal plant collectors harvest medicinal herbs. Thanks to the observation of people, folk wisdom, herbs are used to treat diseases. But the herbs still need to be collected correctly. Children need to be told about this:

• Under no circumstances should you collect herbs near roads, because... they absorb harmful exhaust gases and there will be no benefit from them, only harm.
• Medicinal plants should be collected only in clear and dry weather.
• You can't taste plants.
• Each type of plant is collected separately.
• After collecting plants, wash your hands with soap.
• Do not pick plants unnecessarily.

Plants grow everywhere and sometimes we simply don’t notice them, although they have great importance for a person.

Children need to be taught to take care of nature, because without a blade of grass or a flower, we will feel bad.

And here's another good one poem about the benefits of plants.

Memo

It lists the main properties of plants

Mint treats neuralgia,

And beets - hypertension.

Strawberries drive away salt

And sage - toothache.

Eat watermelon when you have niphrite,

And lingonberries - for arthritis,

To have more strength

Don't forget about elecampane

Cranberry will cure cystitis,

Radish cough and bronchitis.

Headache - viburnum,

And for colds - tea with raspberries.

Treat the liver with rowan,

Heart - mint and viburnum

To avoid diabetes,

Eat Jerusalem artichoke all summer long,

Cure asthma with hysop

Bladder - dill.

Wounds, ulcers, hemorrhoids -

Rinse with plantain

If you have swelling -

Horsetail and flax seed.

Smear the calluses with celandine.

And freckles - with grated horseradish,

Don't forget St. John's wort

Drink tea more often

Drink rosehip infusion,

You will be vigorous and young.

Video for children » A fairy tale about medicinal plants"

Conclusion.

1. Medicinal plants help people recover from diseases.
2. Medicines are made from medicinal plants.
3. Medicinal plants should be protected and not picked unnecessarily.

It is interesting and educational to tell children about useful medicinal plants that are often found. Read poems, guess riddles about medicinal plants. Children will remember them and treat them with care, knowing about the benefits that plants bring.

Write your comments. If the article was useful to you, share it with your friends by clicking on the social buttons. networks.

Best regards, Olga.

Ecological tale about primroses “The First Heralds of Spring”

Malei Galina Alekseevna, teacher of the State Budgetary Educational Institution kindergarten No. 73 Krasnoselsky district of St. Petersburg
Description: The author's fairy tale introduces children to the flowers that are the first to bloom in spring: lamb keys, lungwort, coltsfoot.
Purpose: The fairy tale can be used by educators and parents to read to children of older preschool age.
Target:
- Introduce children to some early flowering plants.
- Arouse interest in the world of plants.
- Give children the idea that all plants are important in nature.
- Development cognitive activity children.

Take care of the primroses,
The first steps of spring!
Slightly warmed by the early sun.

Those first flowers!

The bright spring sun warmed the earth. The Bumblebee woke up in its warm nest and flew off to get breakfast - sweet pollen and nectar in the first spring flowers.

Flying low above the ground, he suddenly saw a young Bee sadly sitting on a dry blade of grass.

He landed next to her and sympathetically asked why she was so sad on such a warm, glorious morning. The bee said that she flew out of the hive for the first time, that she was very hungry, but did not know where to fly or where to look for food. The bumblebee invited her to become friends and invited her to fly with him to a clearing near the forest. The bee was very happy about her new friend and agreed with pleasure. They cheerfully rose into the air and flew, buzzing with their wings. On the way, Bumblebee told Bee that spring opens with keys - such beautiful and useful flowers that, like other snowdrops, are the very first to bloom.

The flowers of the little rams are yellow and bright. They are raised high on a stalk and gathered together, like a bunch of small golden keys. It is with these very keys that spring opens the doors to the sun and warmth. “Why are they also called rams? - Bee asked curiously. “Because their leaves are covered with very soft fluff, like the fur of a young lamb,” answered the Bumblebee. Having flown to the clearing, Bumblebee introduced Bee to this beautiful primrose. She began to cheerfully look at the golden keys and suddenly her eyes were attracted by yellow flower lights, like a little sun. There were many of them, because they all grew up side by side, like a big friendly family.
- What kind of wonderful flower is this?

- Oh, this is truly a wonderful unusual flower - coltsfoot. You know, it doesn't have leaves. The life of the coltsfoot in the spring begins right from flowering, and the leaves will appear much later, when the flowers have already faded. Each leaf will be large, wide, like the palm of your hand. These leaves are smooth and cold on top, and soft and warm below. You put the bottom side of such a piece of paper to your cheek, and it will seem to you that your mother’s hands have touched your cheek. But if you put the leaf on the other, cold side, you will feel unpleasant. That is why this plant has such a name - coltsfoot.
- What a curious unusual flower! - Bee was surprised.
- You know, I have favorite place not far away in the grove, there is my cafe called “Tsvetofor” or “Chamelion,” Bumblebee said proudly. - Let's fly, I'll give you honey to drink. And the Bumblebee took the Bee with him to the grove.

Flying up to the “cafe” and seeing a variegated plant with bright flowers of different shades, the Bee understood the meaning of the name “Flower”. Bright flowers of three shades bloomed on the same low stem. Some are pink, others are purple, and others are completely blue.
“They are pink,” explains Bumblebee, “when they first bloom.” Some time will pass, and from pink they will first turn purple, and then blue.
And what a fragrant honey smell spills out from a flower heated by the sun!
- Sweet honey. The name contains honey. “And this flower is called lungwort,” sang the Bumblebee. The name of the flower comes from the word “honey” because its flowers contain a lot of sweet juice-nectar, he added. And the leaves of the lungwort are covered with special hairs, which, like woolen clothing, protect it from the spring cold.
- Help yourself! But first, tell me, what color flower would you fly to first?
“Pink,” answered the Bee timidly.
- That's right, pink flowers have the most nectar, they are the most fragrant. In purple there is less, and in blue there is a minimal amount of it. Help yourself,” Bumblebee suggested again.
The bee drank delicious sweet honey.
- Thank you very much for the treat and for introducing me to such beautiful primroses. I now know which flowers will share nectar and delicious pollen with me. And now it’s time for me to go home to the hive. I hope we can be friends forever now?
“Of course,” answered Bumblebee. – Come to my “cafe” every morning. I'll be glad to see you.
- Thanks a lot. Goodbye!
- Till tomorrow. - Bumblebee looked joyfully after his new friend.

The spring sun warmed up, and round gold coins scattered on the thawed patches.

“The spring of flowers is opened by the very early firstborn - the coltsfoot. This golden snowdrop grows on sunny clayey ravines and blooms earlier than all the grasses - before the hive exhibition, before the first bees fly out, before the ice drifts.” This is what phenologist and writer Dmitry Zuev wrote about coltsfoot.

On the thawed patch is the first flower.

How defenseless and small he is!

The sharp wind shook him,

Bent the stem to the ground,

Freezing in the pre-dawn darkness,

But the brave flower survived!

I will kneel before him,

I touch the petals with my hand -

How much wisdom and patience

There's gold in this drop!

Do you remember what a coltsfoot flower looks like?

It has a low stem covered with soft light fluff To protect the flower from the cold, brown, sharp, scale-like leaves are tightly pressed to the stem.

The real large leaves of this plant appear later, in mid-summer, when there are no more flowers. These leaves are large, dark green.

Why did the flower get the name coltsfoot?

Yes, because the lower part of the leaf is covered with thick white hairs. If you stroke it with your hand, you will feel softness and warmth. It’s as if an affectionate mother caressed you. A top part leaves - smooth, cold. Like the touch of a stern stepmother.

Coltsfoot flowers are collected in a round inflorescence because each flower individually is too small and fragile to withstand bad weather - snow, rain, wind, and insects will soon notice the bright golden inflorescence. Recently woken up after a long day harsh winter bees and bumblebees fly to the coltsfoot flowers for honey and, flying from flower to flower, pollinate them.

When the coltsfoot flower fades, it will turn into a white fluffy cap. Each seed is provided by nature with a small air parachute fluff, which helps the seed fly away from the mother plant. When the seed lands, the parachute falls away.

Flowers have mothers and stepmothers interesting feature: they open in the morning, and close before bad weather and at night - they protect a drop of sweet precious nectar.

Questions for consolidation

What does coltsfoot look like?

Why are the small flowers of this plant collected in a round inflorescence?

When does coltsfoot bloom?

Why did the flower get this name?

What insects pollinate coltsfoot flowers?

How do coltsfoot seeds spread?

Spring and primroses are related concepts. Coltsfoot also belongs to the spring primroses. Coltsfoot is a bold flower. Why? We learn about this from a fairy tale...

The Tale of Red Spring and Mother and Stepmother

Red Spring has come to the Reserved Forest and is looking at everything. It's gloomy and depressing all around. The red Spring is coming quietly, looking at the sky. And the sky, like a blue canvas soaked in dampness, appears sad over the black, inhospitable land.

“Everything needs to be changed,” Spring hurries. – Tired of gray and dark tones. We need to add new colors. What should I start with? Maybe stir up the snow, free the earth from it, and then flowers will appear? I have nothing more colorful than flowers.

Spring reasoned this way, only the very flowers she was thinking about had already appeared from under the ground.

“We don’t want to wait for all the snow to melt,” said the little yellow flowers called “coltsfoot.”

“Since you are so brave,” said Vesna, “that’s very good.” You, like little suns scattered on the earth, give joy. Just don’t forget to close at night, otherwise there may be frosts at night.

The real big Sun, smiling slyly, sent its warmest rays to the brave flowers to warm them up.

Haven't you, children, seen Spring? She's walking around somewhere...

Questions for the fairy tale about Red Spring and Mother and Stepmother

What was the day like when Spring came?

Why was the sky sad?

What's the most colorful thing about Spring?

What flowers didn’t want to wait for the snow to melt?

Why did the sun send additional rays to the coltsfoot?

Tell children, what is Vesna’s job?

"At the flower bed"

"Mother and Stepmother Watch"

"Dandelion Watching"

Ecological action in 2 ml. gr.

"Teremok" on the topic:

"Green Pharmacy"

Prepared by: teacher

MBDOU d/s "Firefly"

Vasilyeva O. V.

2014

Target: creating conditions for introducing children to the world of medicinal herbs, rules for collecting them, and using them to improve the health of the body.

Tasks: teach children to recognize and name medicinal plants;

Understand the meaning flora for a person’s condition - his mood, well-being;

treat medicinal plants with care;

teach to understand and love the beauty of the world around us;

Planned result: formed knowledge about medicinal plants and the need for their use if necessary; children’s caring attitude towards medicinal plants that help human health.

Plan of implementation.

1. Teacher's story on the topic: “Green Pharmacy” - medicinal plants - coltsfoot, dandelion.

2. Looking at pictures of coltsfoot and dandelion.

3. Reading: Anatoly Onegov “The First Flower” (coltsfoot), a nursery rhyme about coltsfoot;

M. Polyanskaya “Dandelion”, K. Kvitko “Dandelion”, V. Serova “Dandelion”,

Z. Aleksandrova “Dandelion”.

Telling riddles about dandelion.

Memorizing the poem “Dandelion” by O. Vysotskaya.

4. D/i: “Guess from the description”, “What does this plant treat?”

5. Observing medicinal plants while walking: coltsfoot, dandelion.

6. P/n: “Dandelion”, “I’m sitting on a stump...”.

7. Drawing: “Wearing a dandelion - a yellow sundress.”

8. Post information for parents in the “Gifts of Nature” section on the topic: “April vitamins” (coltsfoot, dandelion).

"Coltsfoot"

Coltsfoot appears in thawed areas in early April. This perennial plant is similar to the dandelion, but much smaller in size. In addition, the dandelion first produces a rosette of leaves and then flowers. The coltsfoot has flowers first. The flowers of the basket are on a stem covered with brownish scales (modified leaves).

At night and in bad weather, the coltsfoot flower tightly closes its petals. Much later, when the plant fades, large, rounded, heart-shaped serrated leaves grow.

On top they are bright green, shiny, harsh, cold, but on the bottom the leaves are covered with thick white velvety fluff, which, if applied to the hand, warms. This is apparently where the name of the plant came from.

Coltsfoot has been known as a medicinal plant for a long time. Tincture from the flowers of this plant was used for colds, coughs, and also to stimulate appetite. Decoctions and infusions of coltsfoot are also used in the form of wet dressings, compresses, lotions, and in the treatment of infectious wounds.

"Dandelion"

Dandelion is one of the most common perennial plants. The leaves are smooth, the flowers are bright yellow. It is a plant with a leafless flower stem (arrow). The leaves are basal, in the form of a rosette. The fruits are seeds with a tuft.

It grows in fields, meadows, gardens, forests, along roads, near homes. For medicinal purposes, mainly the roots are used; leaves.

All parts of the plant have an antipyretic effect and are also used to stimulate appetite. Dandelion has a calming effect and helps with insomnia. Externally, the milky juice of dandelion is used to remove calluses. The roasted roots are used as a coffee substitute, and the young leaves are used in the form of a spring vitamin salad that improves metabolism (to remove bitterness, the leaves are placed in salt water for half an hour).

"Vitamin dandelion salad"

Take young spring dandelion leaves, wash, chop, season with vegetable oil, you can add a little citric acid or vinegar and serve immediately. The salad spoils quickly, so you need to prepare it for one time.

Outdoor game "Dandelion".

Along the edge of the groove

On the grass sofa

A cheerful crowd

Dandelions have spread.

Here the sun rose,

The ball rolled.

Looking for the red sun

Where are the dandelions?

(V. Danko)

Children - dandelions in yellow hats - run to the music or sound of a tambourine.

When the sound ends, they run to their chairs.

The teacher says the text, after which he goes to look for dandelions, which, covering their face with their hands, are hiding.

Educator: “Yellow dandelion,

I'll rip you off.

Dandelion yellow

Hid in the grass."

The teacher leaves. The music starts again. The game repeats itself.

Outdoor game “I am sitting on a stump...”

Children walk in a circle, the driver sits in the center and says:

“I’m sitting on a stump,

I look at the meadow.

There are different flowers:

Yellow and red

White and blue

They're all very beautiful

I won't pick flowers...

Children. Will you play with us?

Leading. Yes!

The children run away, and the leader salutes them.

O. Vysotskaya “Dandelion” M. Polyanskaya “Dandelion”

Dandelions are everywhere

On the spring grass

Flashed in the yard

They fled across the mountain,

The sun dropped and hid in a ditch.

Golden ray.

The dandelion has grown -

First, young. Z. Alexandrova “Dandelion”

Dandelion golden

He was wonderful, handsome, young.

Golden color, was not afraid of anyone,

He is the great sun, even the wind itself.

Small portrait. Golden dandelion.

He grew old and gray-haired.

And as soon as I sat down,

E. Serova “Dandelion” Flew away with the wind.

Wears a dandelion.

Yellow sundress. Puzzles.

When she grows up, she dresses up. There is one such flower,

In a little white dress: You can’t weave it into a wreath.

Light, airy, blow lightly on it:

Obedient to the wind. There was a flower and there is no flower.

(Dandelion)

K. Kvitko “Dandelion”

Dandelion is silvery, golden and young.

How wonderfully he was created: In a week he became gray,

Round - round and fluffy, And in two days

Filled with warm sunshine. My head is bald

On my tall leg, I’ll hide it in my pocket

Rising in the blue, Former...

It also grows on the path (Dandelion)

Both in the hollow and in the grass.

Nursery rhyme about mother and stepmother.

The first thawed patches

Everything is covered in small flowers.

Warmed by the sun

Sunny portraits.