Interspecies training center reb. Aircraft, land and sea complexes reb. Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use of EW Troops

Located in the village of Stroitel, Tambov region, not far from the regional center. Deployed in part 15 separate electronic warfare brigade(EW). It carries out a deliberate impact on the enemy's radio-electronic objects and the protection of its own command and control systems for troops and weapons using radio emission. A distinctive characteristic of electronic warfare is the remoteness of carrying out information operations, during which the personnel are significantly removed from the object of influence.

History of military unit 71615

The term "electronic warfare" first appeared in Russia in 1969, although radio communications to counter the enemy began to be used as early as the beginning of the 20th century. In a separate type of troops, units and subunits of electronic warfare were allocated only after 40 years. In 2009 on the basis of the 225th separate electronic warfare regiment, located at that time in military unit 64055, in the city of Novomoskovsk, Tula region, the 15th electronic warfare brigade was formed. On April 21, 2011, she received a combat symbol - the Battle Banner, and in the same year she was relocated to the Tambov region in military unit 71615.

Service in the 15th separate electronic warfare brigade

Military unit 71615 was located on the territory of the former Tambov military school, which is why the locals call the village of Stroitel - "Infantry". The premises of the educational institution were perfect for accommodating the administrative apparatus, classrooms and barracks. Accommodation in the barracks is quite comfortable, each has: 4 shower rooms, 1 rest room and a room for sports. The military serving under the contract are placed separately from the military conscripts. Household duties are performed by civilian workers. Fighters are attracted to them only once a week - on Saturdays.

Upon arrival at the unit, within a period not exceeding 30 days, recruits master the course of a young soldier, after which they are sworn in. Traditionally, the military oath ceremony is held on Saturdays and relatives are allowed to attend.
From time to time, military personnel are taken to field exercises, which, as a rule, take place at the training ground of the village of Tregulay, 5 km away. from Tambov.

The monetary allowance of military personnel goes to the card of VTB Bank, "contract servicemen" - 2 times a month, "conscripts" - 1 time.

Medical care and nutrition

Every day, the unit conducts an inspection of the rank and file to identify diseases or injuries, which is one of the measures to prevent “hazing”, which, according to those who have been in the unit, is absent here. Medical care and treatment is carried out in the infirmary at the unit or in the military hospital in Tambov.
There is a dining room and a tea room in the part. Great importance is attached to the quality of food, so it is constantly checked for compliance with sanitary standards.

Leave and contact with relatives

Following an analysis of the use of military equipment in Syria, Supreme Commander Vladimir Putin asked the military department in 2017 to continue the development of high-precision weapons, modern means of communication, intelligence, control and electronic warfare.

Electronic warfare (EW)

is a set of coordinated activities and actions to:

Radio-electronic defeat of enemy radio-electronic objects (functional defeat; electronic defeat; defeat by homing weapons),

Information support (collection, analysis and generalization of data on the electronic situation; technical reconnaissance of enemy electronic objects; comprehensive technical control of the state and protection from technical means of reconnaissance of one's own objects),

Electronic protection (protection against means of electronic destruction; protection against unintentional interference (ensuring electromagnetic compatibility); protection of troops and facilities from technical reconnaissance equipment).

The command and control system of troops and weapons makes it possible to implement the principles of conducting network-centric wars, which imply a transition from the territorial concentration of forces to their functional (information) integration. Naturally, in this case, the role of electronic warfare increases and its capabilities increase (potentially - a reduction in the combat power of the enemy by a factor of three).

Taking into account the state of the electronic warfare equipment produced for the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, it is customary to talk about integrated electronic warfare systems that combine about 50 different complexes and means for various purposes (see table). At the same time, the main problem is the creation of a single information space for electronic warfare technology.

Until recently, the most secret in the entire arsenal of Russian electronic warfare equipment was the Krasukha-2 jamming station. It seems that at present the palm has passed to the Murmansk-BN communication line suppression station, which is capable of jamming more than two dozen frequencies at a distance of up to 5 thousand kilometers. However, there is no reliable evidence that the newest complex has such characteristics. Judging by the photographs available in open sources (several four-axle off-road trucks with multi-meter towers), where, in addition to the main antennas, characteristic low-frequency stretch antennas are visible, it can be assumed that this complex is capable of jamming signals in the range from 200 to 500 MHz. The Murmansk-BN coastal complex even outwardly bears little resemblance to the fact that the Russian ground forces are used to protect and counter the enemy. Some experts, commenting on the information about the combat duty of these complexes in the Russian army, note that in the case of Murmansk-BN, we are talking about strategic electronic countermeasures. The thing is that the main task of the unique telescopic antennas and transmitters of the electronic warfare complex is the disruption of communication and control channels over vast distances.

The main directions for the development of electronic warfare in the Russian Federation are as follows:

Creation of highly mobile ground-based multifunctional electronic warfare systems for zonal and object protection of weapons and military equipment from electronic intelligence systems and destruction by guided weapons;

Creation of wide-range complexes and electronic warfare equipment for group and individual protection of air, sea and land-based weapons and military equipment;

Development of means of radio-electronic suppression of radio-electronic means (RES) with complex broadband signals, including those with rapidly tunable (from pulse to pulse) parameters;

Development of means of electronic suppression of multi-position systems of radar reconnaissance, target designation and weapon control;

Improving the accuracy of executive electronic intelligence to determine the location of emitting objects.

The main domestic manufacturers of electronic warfare equipment (market share):

JSC Concern Radioelectronic Technologies, KRET (60%),

JSC "Concern" Constellation "" (20%),

JSC "Central Research Institute of Radio Engineering named after Academician A.I. Berg", TsNIRI (10%),

JSC "Scientific and Technical Center for Electronic Warfare", Scientific and Technical Center for Electronic Warfare (5%),

LLC "Special Technology Center" (5%).

The leading enterprise is JSC KRET. In many sectors, the concern occupies a practically monopoly position in the Russian market in the supply of electronic warfare equipment with electronic intelligence and weapon control systems. The electronic warfare equipment and systems developed by KRET are equipped with Su-25, Su-27SM, Su-30, Su-34, Su-35, Il-76, Il-78, Il-96, Tu-214 aircraft, Mi helicopters -8, Mi-26, Mi-28, Mi-35 and Ka-52, as well as surface ships of projects 1144, 1164, 1155, 956, 11540, 22350, 20380, 21631. The most favorable situation for the concern is in the market of aviation complexes and electronic warfare equipment. The reasons for this, in addition to the global growth in demand for electronic warfare in the world, are: 1) the expected growth in the supply of Russian aircraft (LA); 2) a predicted increase in the share of aircraft supplied with electronic warfare equipment for individual and group protection; 3) the purchase of electronic warfare equipment by foreign states within the framework of the program for the modernization of their own fleet of Russian/Soviet-made aircraft.

The evolution of electronic warfare systems has accelerated dramatically. At the end of the 20th century, the Ministry of Defense demanded a service life of 15-20 years. Today, the life cycle of electronic warfare devices has been reduced to four to five years. Electronics is developing too fast. Therefore, leading manufacturers are moving to modular device schemes. The basis of the system, the platform, can serve for 20 years, but there are modules standardized in terms of mounting and interface, which allow you to improve the equipment, changing not the whole complex, but individual blocks. In other words: put a new "advanced" block in the scientific plan - got new opportunities!

The re-equipment of the EW troops with new models of equipment is based on the results of a military-scientific justification of the composition of the EW troops and proposals for the draft state armament program for the period 2018-2025. By 2020, the EW troops should effectively ensure the fulfillment of the following tasks of the RF Armed Forces:

Disorganization of the state and military administration of the enemy (including its industrial infrastructure);

Disorganization of command and control of enemy troops (forces) and weapons in hostilities of various scales and intensity;

Reducing the capabilities of the enemy's global specific space reconnaissance;

Countering missile defense systems;

Reflection (disruption) of an aerospace attack of the enemy;

Protection of objects, military equipment from high-precision weapons.

The main efforts to develop the system of weapons of the EW troops are planned to be focused on the implementation of one traditional and five innovative areas.

The innovative development path involves, firstly, the creation of controlled radio interference fields on enemy territory using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and thrown jamming transmitters. Secondly, it is planned to create means of defeating RES by electromagnetic radiation. Thirdly; a special program impact is being developed. Fourth, great importance is attached to the imitation of the electronic situation and the introduction of disinformation into the system of command and control of the enemy's troops and weapons. Finally, fifthly, it is planned to increase the level of information security of the electronic warfare authorities and control points.

Among specialists, the term "Intellectual suppression" has come into practice. It is based on well-known technologies for creating imitation (relay) interference. The peculiarity is that due to the placement in the protected zone of small-sized low-power repeaters of signals of suppressed radio-electronic means and the control of these repeaters according to special algorithms, it becomes possible to create a false virtual radio-electronic environment and provide an effect hidden from the enemy on his command and control systems of troops and weapons. The "intellectual" nature of the suppression is provided mainly by the mathematical apparatus implemented in the system and modern communication technologies.

The practical implementation of the whole complex of planned measures to improve the electronic warfare system will predictably lead to a significant increase in the contribution of electronic warfare to gaining superiority in command and control of troops (forces) and the use of weapons. At the same time, the volume of tasks performed by the EW troops in various strategic directions by 2020 will increase by 2-2.5 times.

"We are working ahead of the curve"

As Yury Ivanovich Maevsky, Deputy General Director of JSC Concern Radioelectronic Technologies for R&D of electronic warfare equipment, General Designer, explained to Nauka, “We are working ahead of the curve. There are various methods of forecasting, and, developing our promising systems, we adversary of 2030. Of course, some uncertainty remains, and we put in our complexes an excess of capabilities that can fend off this uncertainty.”

World electronic warfare market currently valued at about $14 billion a year. In the coming years, the average annual growth rate is expected to be at the level of 4%, the market volume will reach $19 billion by 2025.

The main competitors of Russian enterprises in the world market: American (Lockheed Martin Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation, The Boeing Company, Raytheon Company, ITT Corporation, BAE Systems), European (Thales Group, Elettronica, Indra) and Israeli manufacturers (Elta Systems, Rafael).

In the USA under the AST program Northrop Grumman is conducting research and development work on the creation of solid-state broadband aircraft active phased array antennas (APAA) capable of performing radar and EW tasks in the centimeter wave range. As part of the creation of a new generation jamming station (NGJ) for the EA-18G Grouler jammer aircraft, commissioned by the US Navy, Raytheon is developing solid-state broadband AFARs of the decimeter and centimeter wavelengths.

The main characteristics of the main domestic electronic warfare devices

The location of the 15th separate electronic warfare brigade, or military unit 71615, is the village of Stroitel, Tambov Region. The activity of the unit is aimed at protecting the command and control systems of troops from enemy attacks, and reducing the effectiveness of its actions. A feature of the EW troops is that they do not come into combat contact with the enemy, and strikes only in virtual space and on the air.

The main types of electronic warfare are electronic suppression of enemy signals and electronic protection against them. The impact is carried out with the help of electromagnetic fields of special installations. Radio interference at the enemy's frequency is created by active (interference stations and transmitters) and passive (working on the principle of reflection) means.

Story

The predecessor of the brigade was the 225th separate electronic warfare regiment (military unit 64055), created in 2009. At that time, he was stationed in the city of Novomoskovsk, Tula Region. In 2011, the unit was reorganized, all military equipment and signal tracking consoles were taken to Tambov, on the territory of military unit 71615. In April 2011, the regiment was given the name of the 15th separate electronic warfare brigade, a battle flag and other regalia were awarded.

eyewitness impressions

The village where the brigade is based among the local population is known as "Infantry" - the Tambov Infantry School was founded here (1932). At the moment, the premises of the educational institution are reserved for barracks, administrative buildings and classrooms of such a unit as military unit 71615.
As for the conditions of service, the fighters of the urgent draft and the contract staff live in well-appointed dormitories of the cubicle type. For contractors and conscripts, the buildings for living are separate. Each barracks has four shared showers, a recreation room and a sports area. Maintenance of equipment, cleaning of the external territory and the premises of the barracks is carried out by civilian personnel. The military personnel are involved in the above outfits only on the park and economic day on Saturdays.

Field exercises last about a month and are usually held at the Trigulay training ground. The exercises can be held jointly with cadets of the 1084th Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use of EW Troops.

Cooking and catering is also entrusted to civilian outsourcing. Meals are served on a queue system and are organized as a buffet (several dishes to choose from). Officers and soldiers eat in the same room. Every day, a doctor from the medical unit monitors the quality of food. In addition to the dining room, the garrison has a chip-tea room.
Hazing, according to eyewitnesses, is absent, since the part belongs to the authorized units, and every day a physical examination of the soldiers is carried out.

At the moment, the formation is being completed, and those wishing to enter the contract service are subject to the following requirements:

• The age of the applicant is from 18 to 40 years;
• Passing a multi-level selection (Physical Educational Standards, medical commission);
• Retraining or training at a special training center (in Tambov, this is the 1084th Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use of EW Troops).

Conscripts for military service before the start of military service take a course of a young fighter (about 1 month), and then take the oath. Relatives and relatives of an employee of military unit 71615 are allowed to come to this event. Dismissal after the oath, soldiers are allowed only on the security of the passport of their parents or wife. Relatives who come to take the oath should know that it is held on Saturday at 9.00 am, but it is worth arriving at the checkpoint as early as 8.00 am and do not forget to take warm clothes with you for yourself and the soldier.
The rest of the time, leave is issued to fighters upon application. It must be written on Thursday in the name of the unit commander, because. The dismissal order is signed on Friday. If the leave is denied, you can meet with the serviceman at the checkpoint of the unit (a special room has been set aside for visits).

Communication with relatives by mobile phone is allowed only on weekends. Soldiers hand over phones to the company commander for safekeeping, and their receipt is noted in the journal. Of the mobile operators, they recommend MTS (“Call Mom” or “Super 0” tariff) or Megafon (“Everything is simple”).

Soldiers of military unit 71615 receive monetary allowance on the VTB-24 card. ATM is located at the checkpoint part. Employees under the contract are entitled to payments twice a month, and urgent draft soldiers - once. You can top up your VTB-24 card as follows:

1. In one of the branches of the bank. To transfer, you need to know the full name of the fighter, his card number. The sender must have a bank card and a passport with him.
2. Internet banking. The Telebank service is connected at the bank office with a passport. After entering your personal account, enter the recipient's card number and the transfer amount.
3. Through the terminal. Specify the recipient's card number and insert banknotes into the bill acceptor.
4. Through the Contact service. Recipient's details (bank name, card number and passport details) are required.

Sick soldiers of military unit 71615 are sent to the infirmary, and from there to the garrison military hospital (branch No. 9 of the 1586 district military hospital), designed for 150 beds. Visitors can visit the soldier daily from 10.00 to 19.00. A one-time pass is issued to a visitor only upon presentation of a passport.

Information for mom

Parcels and letters

Electronic warfare complex "Moscow-1" / Photo: nevskii-bastion.ru

On July 13, more than 1,000 conscripts who arrived at the Tambov Interspecific Center for the Training and Combat Use of Electronic Warfare Troops (EW) began training in 23 specialties on more than 40 types of electronic warfare and integrated technical control (CTC) products.

One of the main features of training for the positions of junior specialists will be training in the operation of new electronic warfare systems, and Leer-3. At the same time, for the complexes, "Krasukha-20" and the training of cadets will be carried out for the first time. This is due, first of all, to the arrival of the latest types of EW weapons and military equipment to the troops. It should be noted that in 2014 more than 10 units of the electronic warfare troops were re-equipped with modern models of equipment.

Training of cadets will take place in three stages: improvement of initial military training, combined arms training and specialty training. The main attention during the educational process will be given to practical work on equipment, including at night.

In the new period of training, a significant part of the classes is devoted to practical exercises on specialized industrial simulators and computer simulators developed by specialists from the Tambov Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use of EW Troops.

The four-month training will end with passing exams and obtaining a certificate of an electronic warfare (CPC) specialist, then the military personnel will be sent to formations, military units and electronic warfare units (CPC) as operators and senior operators, the press service of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation reports.

Technical reference

Complexes developed and adopted by the Russian army "Krasukha"- these are complexes of electronic suppression (REP) and protection. REP is a set of actions and measures that are aimed at disrupting or disrupting work, as well as reducing the combat effectiveness of the use of electronic means and systems by the enemy by exposing their receiving devices to electronic interference. Modern electronic suppression includes: radio, optoelectronic, radio engineering and hydroacoustic suppression.

The 1L269 Krasukha-2 electronic jamming station, created at the Rostov Scientific Research Institute Gradient, is a truly unique system. This station was developed taking into account the generalization of combat experience that was obtained by the Russian army during the August 2008 armed conflict in South Ossetia.

The Russian military learned bitter lessons from a conflict that saw little use of electronic warfare units. Including for this reason, the Russian Air Force lost a number of Su-25 and Tu-22M3 combat aircraft.

Most likely, this station was created taking into account the suppression of air-based surveillance radars of the AWACS type, flying radars, like the American E-8 Joint Star, as well as modern UAVs, such as the Predator and Global Hawk.

The main purpose of the product "Kpacyxa-2O" is electronic suppression of airborne radar stations of the early warning and control system of the "Avaks" type.

Since 2009, Krasukha-2 ground-based electronic warfare systems have been supplied to the Russian Armed Forces. The technical details of the Krasukha-type complexes are classified. The stations were developed by the Gradient Research Institute and are manufactured by the Kvant Research and Production Association.

Vehicles of the Borisoglebsk-2 complex / Photo: battlebrotherhood.ru

Borisoglebsk-2, in comparison with its predecessor, the Mandate complex modernized in 2001, has better technical characteristics: an extended frequency range of radio reconnaissance and electronic countermeasures, increased scanning speed of the frequency range, reduced reaction time for unknown frequencies, higher the accuracy of the location of the source of radio emission, the increased capacity of the jammers.

The software (software) of the complex was developed according to uniform requirements for the interface of the automated workplace of operators, which ensures the convenience of the work of officials when moving from one object to another.