Partial work week. Part-time working hours, working hours. Implementation by order of the owner

The employee wants to work only until lunch. But not forever, but within 2 weeks. Is it possible? If yes, then how to arrange it correctly? And is it necessary to formalize such changes, since the period is very short?

It's possible. According to the provisions of Article 93 Labor Code RF:

« By agreement of the parties to the employment contract, the employee, both upon hiring and subsequently, may be assigned part-time working hours (part-time working day (shift) and (or) part-time working week, including with the division of the working day into parts). Part-time working hours can be established either without a time limit or for any period agreed upon by the parties to the employment contract.

The employer is obliged establish part-time work at the request of a pregnant woman, one of the parents (guardian, trustee) with a child under the age of fourteen years (a disabled child under the age of eighteen years), as well as a person caring for a sick family member in accordance with medical conclusion issued in accordance with the procedure established federal laws and other regulatory legal acts Russian Federation. In this case, part-time working hours are established for a period convenient for the employee, but not more than for the period of existence of circumstances that were the basis for the mandatory establishment of part-time work, and the working time and rest time regime, including the duration of daily work (shift), start and end times of work, time of breaks in work, are established in accordance with the wishes of the employee, taking into account the production (work) conditions of this employer.

When working part-time, the employee is paid in proportion to the time he worked or depending on the amount of work he performed.

Part-time work does not entail for employees any restrictions on the duration of the annual basic paid leave, calculation of length of service and other labor rights.”

In practice, usually an employee who wants to work part-time writes an application for temporary part-time work. In the application, he indicates how many hours he plans to work daily, the desired work schedule, the period, and the duration of the part-time working day (in your case - 2 weeks, from such and such a date).

Due to the fact that when switching to part-time work, there is a change in the terms of the employment contract (even if temporary, for only 2 weeks), it is necessary to conclude an agreement on changing the terms of the employment contract (additional agreement to the employment contract), which stipulates the temporary establishment of part-time work. working day for the employee, all its details, other conditions (if any).

After this, an order is issued to temporarily establish part-time work for the employee.

Important detail!

If an employee plans to work until lunch and does not need a break for rest and food, it is important to arrange this correctly. According to Part 1 of Art. 108 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation “during the working day (shift), the employee must be given a break for rest and food lasting no more than two hours and no less than 30 minutes, which is not included in working hours. Internal labor regulations or employment contract it may be provided that the specified break may not be provided employee, if the duration established for him daily work (shift) does not exceed four hours».

Last revision date: 09/07/2018

The book is intended mainly for beginners personnel records management, but will also be very useful for experienced specialists with experience leading personnel work in organizations and entrepreneurs. The first volume describes in detail the preparation of various personnel documents, the hiring of workers, transfers to another job and other changes in the terms of the employment contract (by agreement of the parties and at the initiative of the employer), the transfer of workers to another workplace, on removal from work, assigning additional work to an employee in order to combine positions (professions), expanding service areas, increasing the volume of work, performing the duties of a temporarily absent employee, concerns the protection of the employer’s trade secrets and personal data of employees.

1. The term “part-time working time”, used in Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, covers both part-time work and part-time work week.

With a part-time working day, the number of hours of work per day is reduced in comparison with what is established in the organization by the routine or schedule for this category of workers (for example, instead of 8 hours - 4).

Part-time work means setting fewer working days per week (less than 5 or 6 days). It is also possible to establish for an employee a part-time working week with part-time work (for example, 3 working days a week, 4 hours each).

Unlike reduced working time, which is a full measure of labor duration established by law for certain working conditions or categories of workers (Article 92 of the Labor Code), part-time working time is only a part of this measure. Therefore, in case of part-time work, payment is made in proportion to the time worked, and in case of piecework payment - depending on output.

Part-time working hours are usually established by agreement of the parties to the employment contract. Such an agreement can be reached both upon entry to work and during the work period. The provision for part-time work must be reflected in the employment contract or drawn up as an addition to it.

2. The law does not limit the circle of persons for whom part-time work is allowed. It can be installed for any employee at his request and with the consent of the employer. At the same time, in certain cases, the employer is obliged to establish a part-time or part-time work week for the employee at his request. So, part-time work in mandatory installed at the request of: a pregnant woman; one of the parents (guardian, trustee) with a child under 14 years of age (disabled child under 18 years of age), as well as a person caring for a sick family member in accordance with a medical report issued in the manner established by federal and other regulations legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Securing the right to mandatory establishment of a part-time working regime for only one of the parents who has a child under the age of 14 (a disabled child under 18 years old) means that if the need for such a regime arises for the second parent, he must resolve this issue in in general order, i.e. by agreement with the employer.

In addition to the above categories of persons, the employer is obliged to establish part-time working hours at the request of a disabled person, if such a regime is necessary for him in accordance with an individual rehabilitation program, which is mandatory for implementation by organizations regardless of their organizational and legal forms (Article 11 and Article 23 of the Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities ).

The employer's refusal to satisfy such a request can be appealed to the labor dispute resolution authorities.

3. Part-time working time is established for a specific period or without specifying a period. In this case, work on a part-time or part-time work week is indicated in the content of the employment contract (see Article 57 and commentary thereto).

Part-time workers have the same labor rights as full-time workers. They are entitled to full annual and educational leave; work time is counted in the length of service as full working time; weekends and holidays are provided in accordance with labor legislation.

Part-time work is not noted in work books.

On part-time work for women and other persons on parental leave to care for a child under 3 years of age, see Part 3 of Art. 256 and comment. To her.

Part-time working hours can be established not only at the request of the employee and in his interests, but also at the initiative of the employer. Transfer to part-time work is possible due to changes in organizational or technological working conditions, taking into account the opinion of the elected trade union body of the organization for a period of up to 6 months.

For the procedure for transferring to this mode, see the comment. to Art. 74.

Persons hired for part-time or part-time work, as well as those hired at half the rate (salary) in accordance with the employment contract, are included in the list of employees of the organization. In the payroll, these employees are counted for each calendar day as whole units, including non-working days of the week determined upon hiring.

Persons who worked part-time in accordance with an employment contract or were transferred with the written consent of the employee to part-time work, when determining average number employees are taken into account in proportion to the time worked (see Instructions for filling out the federal form statistical observation N 1-T "Information on the number and wages of employees", approved. Resolution of Rosstat of October 13, 2008 N 258 // Questions of Statistics. 2009. N 1).

How to set up part-time work?

On whose initiative can the working day be shortened?

How to pay for vacation to an employee on a short-time work schedule?

As you know, the Labor Code orders people to work no more than 40 hours a week. This duration is considered normal. For certain categories of workers this norm is slightly less. However, by agreement between the employees and the employer, the duration of work can be reduced even further. This happens if there is a need to establish a part-time working regime (Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Moreover, both the working day and the working week can be incomplete.

With part-time work, it is possible to agree on almost any duration. You just need to draw up a few documents.

Shortened day

Part-time working hours reduce the length of time employees spend at work. Moreover, such a regime can be established both immediately upon hiring, and in the future, if it is the will of the parties to the employment contract.

With a part-time day, the number of working hours during the day is reduced (for example, four hours daily instead of eight). If an incomplete week is established, the number of days of work during which the employee must work the required 8 hours is reduced. A mixed option is also possible: several days a week for several hours. For example, three days of four hours, instead of five days of eight hours.

The initiative to introduce part-time work or a week can be taken by both an employee and an entrepreneur. Please note that such a request cannot be denied to a pregnant woman, parent of a child under 14 years of age, or caring for a sick family member. In addition, the employee will have to accommodate the employee in establishing part-time working hours even if he is on maternity leave. Moreover this rule applies not only to the mother, but also to the child’s father, grandmother, grandfather and other relatives and guardians who actually care for the child (Article 256 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

For specialists working part time, are entitled to the same guarantees as others - days off, vacations, lunch breaks, etc.

Documentation if desired by the employee

If part-time work is established upon hiring, the condition for its duration must be fixed in the employment contract. The current employee will have to sign an additional agreement to the employment contract.

Registration of part-time work depends, first of all, on whose initiative it is: the employee or the individual entrepreneur.

If an employee wants to reduce their work hours, they need to write a corresponding application. There is no special form for it, but it must indicate:

– the desired length of the day or week;

– type of part-time work;

– the date from which the employee asks to change his work schedule.

If the employee has reasons why he cannot be denied this request, their confirmation must be attached to the application: a certificate of pregnancy, sick leave to care for a sick family member, etc.

If you have no objections, you can proceed to signing an additional agreement to the employment contract. It indicates the new working conditions and the date from which they begin to apply. Specify in the agreement the specific working hours: length of the working week, start and end times of the working day, breaks, etc.

The agreement is drawn up in two copies, signed by the employee and the employer, and then one copy is given to the employee against signature. An additional agreement to an employment contract may look, for example, as shown in sample 1.

Sample 1

Additional agreement to the employment contract on the establishment of part-time work

Based on the application and additional agreement to the employment contract, an order should be issued (sample 2). There is no unified form for an order to establish part-time work, so the entrepreneur is free to issue it independently. Indicate in it the date of establishment of part-time work, the duration of working hours and the specific mode of work of the employee. Part-time work can be established either for a certain period or indefinitely. If this regime is introduced temporarily (for example, for the summer), this period should be indicated in the order.

Sample 2

Order establishing part-time work

Documentation if desired by the entrepreneur

The situation is more complicated if the initiative to reduce working hours comes from the employer. In this case, the duration of this operating mode cannot exceed six months (Article 74 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). An entrepreneur can reduce the working hours of his staff if this is due to changes in organizational working conditions and production technology, which may lead to mass layoffs of workers.

When deciding to reduce working hours, first of all, you should issue an order. It indicates the reasons that caused the change in working conditions, the units in respect of which such a regime is introduced, and the period of its validity.

Employees must be notified in writing of the signing of this document. Please note that a reduction in working hours can be introduced no earlier than two months after the order is issued and employees are notified about it. Indicate in the notice that if the employee disagrees with the changes, he must report this in writing, and set an appropriate deadline for this.

Then everything depends on the decision of the workers. If they agree to reduce working hours, an additional agreement to the employment contract is signed. We have already told you how to compose it. If not, employment contract is terminated (clause 2 of article 81 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). You will need to obtain written confirmation of the employee's decision (consent or refusal).

Information about transfer to part-time work is not entered either in the work book or in the employee’s personal card (Form No. T-2).

When establishing a part-time working schedule, the employer is obliged to notify the employment service about this in writing within three working days after the relevant decision is made (Clause 2 of Article 25 of the Law of the Russian Federation of April 19, 1991 No. 1032-1 “On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation ").

Accounting and payment

As you know, working hours are recorded in a time sheet (Form No. T-13). Filling out the timesheet depends on what type of part-time work is assigned to the staff.

In case of a part-time work week, days defined as non-working days are marked in the timesheet as weekends (letter “B”). Please note that you must attract an employee to work on such days in the manner established for attracting them to work on weekends, and pay them according to the rules for paying for weekends. When working part-time, the corresponding employees are shown the actual number of hours worked on the timesheet. If an entrepreneur intends to hire a part-time employee beyond its duration, this will be considered overtime work, which must be paid at one and a half or double times (Article 152 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

When working part-time, remuneration is made in proportion to the time worked or depending on the amount of work performed. Let's give an example.

Example

Individual entrepreneur Kuznetsov V.A. established a part-time working schedule for the accounting department: for the chief accountant - a part-time work week with work on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, for the assistant accountant - part-time, 4 hours daily instead of 8. The chief accountant's salary is 30,000 rubles, the assistant's salary accountant - 15,000 rubles. Let's calculate their salary for June 2011. There are 21 working days in June.

Salary of the chief accountant = 30,000 rubles. / 21 w.d. x 12 r.d. = 17,142 rub. 86 kopecks

Salary of an assistant accountant = 15,000 rubles. x 4/8 = 7,500 rub.

Please note: the introduction of a part-time working regime does not entail a change in the staffing table in terms of the initially established salaries. And in staffing table, and in employment contracts, salaries remain the same.

Vacation and sick leave

Providing leave to employees working part-time or weekly is carried out on a general basis. Their annual basic paid leave is set to the same duration as full-time employees: 28 calendar days or more than 28 calendar days if the law provides for extended leave.

In accordance with paragraph 12 of the Regulations, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2007 No. 922, when working part-time, the average daily earnings for paying vacations and paying compensation for unused vacations are calculated in the same way as when normal duration working hours. It does not matter that during the billing period the working hours were changed (letter of Rostrud dated July 28, 2008 No. 1730-6-0). That is, the average daily earnings for paying for vacations provided in calendar days and paying compensation for unused vacation are calculated by dividing the amount wages, actually accrued for the billing period, by 12 and by the average monthly number of calendar days (29.4).

Now a few words about sick leave.

In accordance with the provisions on their payment, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 15, 2007 No. 375, when a part-time working schedule is established for a sick person, the average daily earnings are determined in the general manner: by dividing the amount of earnings accrued for the billing period by the number of calendar days falling during this period, with the exception of calendar days falling during periods not taken into account when calculating average earnings.

The days when the employee did not work part-time are counted in full. To determine the amount of benefits, the average daily earnings are multiplied by the number of calendar days of temporary disability to be paid. In this case, the mode of work - part-time work week or part-time work - does not matter for the calculation of benefits.

New edition of Art. 93 Labor Code of the Russian Federation

By agreement of the parties to the employment contract, an employee, both upon hiring and subsequently, may be assigned part-time working hours (part-time working day (shift) and (or) part-time working week, including with the division of the working day into parts). Part-time working hours can be established either without a time limit or for any period agreed upon by the parties to the employment contract.

The employer is obliged to establish part-time working hours at the request of a pregnant woman, one of the parents (guardian, trustee) with a child under the age of fourteen years (a disabled child under the age of eighteen years), as well as a person caring for a sick family member in accordance with with a medical report issued in the manner established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. In this case, part-time working time is established for a period convenient for the employee, but not more than for the period of existence of the circumstances that were the basis for the mandatory establishment of part-time working time, and the regime of working time and rest time, including the duration of daily work (shift), start and end times work, the time of breaks from work is established in accordance with the wishes of the employee, taking into account the production (work) conditions of the given employer.

When working part-time, the employee is paid in proportion to the time he worked or depending on the amount of work he performed.

Part-time work does not entail for employees any restrictions on the duration of annual basic paid leave, calculation of length of service and other labor rights.

Commentary on Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

Part-time working hours are always less in duration than normal or reduced working hours. The term “part-time work” itself covers both part-time and part-time work. This type of working time is established by agreement between the employee and the employer, both upon hiring and subsequently. In addition, the employer (including an individual) is obliged to establish a part-time or part-time work week at the request of a pregnant woman, one of the parents (guardian, trustee) with a child under the age of 14 (a disabled child under the age of 18) ), as well as a person caring for a sick family member in accordance with a medical report (clause 1 of Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

In many ways, the regime of part-time work is still regulated by union acts of law (to the extent that does not contradict the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) and, in particular, by the Regulations on the procedure and conditions for the use of labor for women who have children and work part-time" dated 29 April 1980 N 111/8-51. It is established that when hiring a part-time job, an entry about this in work book is not carried out (clause 3 of the Regulations).

Both the working day and the working week can be part-time. Moreover, neither a minimum nor a maximum is established in the current legislation. According to the Regulations on the procedure and conditions for the use of labor for women with children and working part-time, part-time work was established, as a rule, at least 4 hours and no more than 20, 24 hours for a five- or six-day working week.

When working part-time, the employee works less hours than established by the routine or schedule for this enterprise for this category of workers, for example, instead of eight hours, four.

With a part-time working week, the number of working days is reduced compared to a five-day or six-day week.

Part-time work may consist of simultaneously reducing the working day and working week.

A part-time working regime can also be used, when daily work is divided into parts (for example, morning and evening mail delivery to the company’s office, etc.).

Part-time working time can be established by agreement of the parties either without a time limit or for any period convenient for the employee mentioned in Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation: for example, for a period school year child, for the period until he reaches 10 years old, etc. (Clause 4 of the Regulations).

Part-time working hours can be established not only at the request of the employee and in his interests, but also at the initiative of the employer. Thus, a transition to part-time work is possible in connection with changes in organizational or technical working conditions, taking into account the opinion of the elected trade union body of a given organization for a period of no more than six months. In cases where part-time work is introduced at an enterprise for all or individual employees on the initiative of the administration, the following rules must be observed:

1) as follows from the provisions of Article 74 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, any essential terms of the employment contract can be changed, except for the labor function, i.e. the position (specialty) of the employee provided for in the employment contract, and the range of duties performed by him;

2) the employer must notify employees about the introduction of changes in writing no later than two months before their introduction (for employers - individuals a different period has been established - at least 14 calendar days (Article 306 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation)).

Since the legislation does not establish the form of notification, it can therefore be arbitrary. The main thing is that the text allows you to establish what the employee was notified about and when. The notice must bear the personal signature of the employee;

3) if the employee does not agree to work under the new conditions, the employer is obliged to offer him another job available in the organization that will correspond to his qualifications and state of health. In the absence of such work, the employee must be offered a vacant lower-level position or a lower-paid job (also suitable for the employee’s qualifications and state of health).

In case of disagreement with the new working conditions, employees have the right to terminate the employment agreement (contract) on the grounds provided for in paragraph 7 of Article 77 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (the employee’s refusal to continue working in connection with the change essential conditions labor) the employment contract with him is terminated with the provision of appropriate guarantees and compensation to the employee. Moreover, the employee has the right to express his disagreement and resign on this basis only until the introduction of a part-time working regime (for this purpose, the rule of a 2-month warning period has been established). If an employee changes his decision after the introduction of this regime, then he can resign only of his own free will.

Cancellation of the part-time work regime is carried out by the employer, taking into account the opinion of the representative body of the organization’s employees. In accordance with Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, part-time work does not entail any duration restrictions for workers annual leave, calculation of length of service and other labor rights.

Part-time work does not entail a reduction in the duration of annual and educational leave; the work time is counted in the length of service as full working time; bonuses for work performed are awarded on a general basis; Weekends and holidays are provided in accordance with labor legislation. However, payment for part-time work is made in proportion to the time worked or depending on output. Part-time working is one of the essential conditions of an employment contract.

Another comment on Art. 93 Labor Code of the Russian Federation

1. Part-time working time is working time determined by agreement between the employee and the employer, the duration of which is less than the normal working time established by the employer. If an employee, in accordance with the law (Article 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), has the right to reduced working hours, working time of a shorter duration will be considered incomplete compared to the corresponding standard of reduced working time.

2. Part-time working time can act as a part-time working week or as a part-time working day (shift). With a part-time working day (shift), the duration of daily work is reduced, but the working week remains five or six days. Partial working week is a reduction in the number of working days while maintaining the established duration work shift. It is possible to simultaneously reduce the working day (shift) and the working week, and working hours can be reduced by any number of hours or working days without any restrictions. Part-time or part-time work can be established both upon hiring and subsequently.

3. Part 1 art. 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation defines the circle of persons whose requirement to establish part-time work is mandatory for the employer (a pregnant woman, one of the parents (guardian, trustee) with a child under the age of fourteen years (a disabled child under the age of eighteen), as well as a person caring for a sick family member in accordance with a medical certificate issued in the manner established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation).

4. The use of part-time work leads, as a rule, to an increase in production efficiency and makes it possible to increase employment by using one workplace by two part-time workers, forming second shifts with part-time workers, etc.

5. The initiator of establishing part-time work is the employee. IN established by law In cases, part-time work may be introduced at the initiative of the employer. On the procedure for introducing part-time work at the initiative of the employer, see Part 5 of Art. 74 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and commentary to it.

• Up

When applying for a job, an employment contract is drawn up between the parties: the employer and the employee. Thanks to the document, at the initiative of the manager or employee, it is possible to legally establish a certain labor regime. If for some reason an employee needs part-time work, the employer does not have the right to refuse him. To the question: how to correctly change the work schedule and what is the difference between short-time and part-time work, you can get the answer in the material.

Part-time working hours - Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

Not everyone is suited to a full-time work schedule. By agreement of the parties, based on the provisions, some employees may apply for a reduced amount of time.

Draw up an agreement for reduction working days possible categories of people:

• Pregnant woman;
• A citizen who cares for a child under 14 years of age and up to 18, if the younger family member is disabled;
• For an employee who, according to a medical specialist, is contraindicated difficult conditions work.

In such cases, the employer must establish a reduced time schedule for the specialist. The salary depends on the hours worked at work. As for annual leave and accrual of seniority, the conditions of a shortened working day do not differ from a full-fledged schedule, based on the provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Who can work part-time?

The employer will establish and, as a result, regulate the employee’s time schedule. The part-time working regime at the initiative of the employer includes the following procedure:

• The employer issues an order based on .
• Notifies employees of his decision.

If the employee agrees with the changed working conditions - a reduced number of days, the manager and the employee must change the rules of the contract. If an employee does not agree to a reduced schedule at the initiative of the manager, the official issues an order for his dismissal.

Before notifying wards about a change in working hours, there must be compelling reasons for this and wages corresponding to the changed schedule.

Reasons that may influence the decision to change working conditions for employees with full day the reduced one includes: mass layoffs. The manager changes the work process to a reduced number of days only taking into account a compelling reason.

The process of establishing part-time work at the initiative of the employer

An employer can only change the time schedule for employees to part-time work for good reasons for no more than half a year. The boss must make a decision together with the trade union body.

The process of changing the operating time mode includes:

• Drawing up an order as a result of mass layoffs. According to the provisions, the employer sets a reduced day if employees want to quit en masse due to poor production and technological working conditions;
• The manager can draw up an order only taking into account the opinion of the trade union organization that operates within the company;
• If the boss and the trade union body have come to the conclusion that a schedule with a reduction in working hours is the only solution to eliminate the mass departure from positions, the management must notify employees of the changed conditions in advance;
• If agreed, an agreement is drawn up and those chapters that include information about the production schedule of the wards are edited.

If the worker does not agree with the reduced work schedule that the manager wants to establish, the employment relationship is broken, based on paragraph 2 of part 1 . Even if the employee did not like the employer’s initiative to change working conditions, all payments - wages, compensation, benefits and additional bonuses must be realized on the last day of departure.

Changing the working mode at the initiative of the employee

Part-time working hours at the initiative of the employee are the same legal procedure as changing working conditions at the request of management.

In order to apply for a shortened day, an employee:

• Writes an application requesting a change in working hours. In order for the employer to agree, it is necessary to describe in detail in the document the reason and grounds for which the employee wants to formalize a reduced amount of working time. The reason, as a rule, is of the following nature - caring for a sick family member, doctor’s testimony about deteriorating health, pregnancy;
• In addition to the reason, you need to indicate the duration of such a schedule, the number of hours by which the work process is reduced and the form of work - part-time or shortened week;
• It is better to attach a document to the application that will attest to the fact of the need to change working conditions.

With the consent of the employer, an additional agreement is drawn up as the basis for issuing an order on the decision to change the rules of the contract.

How to draw up an order establishing part-time work - sample

The application of the order guarantees a legal change in the labor regime. In order for the procedure for changing the schedule to go quickly, you need to be able to correctly draw up an order.

Its design includes:

• Information about the compiler;
• Full name of the organization;
• Reason for changing the schedule;
• Total number of days of work;
• Duration and form of the regime;
• Number of hours for rest;
• Method and amount of payments;
• Date of compilation and signature of the manager.

You can see below how to fill out the order correctly. The order must be submitted to the employee for review. If this rule is violated, the order to change the schedule will not be considered valid.

Is there a difference between short-time and part-time work?

At the legal level, there is a difference between short-time and part-time work. Reduced workdays valid for certain categories of people - disabled people, minors, based on the provisions .

Partial day can be established in accordance with the labor agreement, which is drawn up by the employee and management upon hiring and subsequently, in accordance with . For shortened schedules, payment is made in full. With a reduced time schedule, the monthly capital depends on the number of hours worked.