For the little ones, ecologically responsible. Class hour on the topic "children about ecology". So, what is eco-education for the smallest
Still, it was naive to hope for the admission of the Russian Paralympic team, but until the last moment I expected that the IPC would not remove our athletes. However, the West decided everything for itself a long time ago, and as a result, the Paralympic Games are being held without the participation of Russia. This news caused general anger, many people could not so easily come to terms with such an inhuman decision. Not indifferent...
Bright autumn in the Far East
Autumn is a wonderful time of the year when nature gets ready for sleep. Everything around is changing, the crowns of trees are no longer decorated with emerald greenery, yellow and red leaves appear to replace it, creating fabulous view. Residents of big cities, unfortunately, are deprived of the real beauty of this magnificent time. If you want to enjoy every autumn day, I advise you to go...
Autumn is a time of change: the EU thinks about the future
With the arrival of the first autumn days people often think about changes in their lives. This applies not only to a spontaneous decision to make repairs, or to buy warm autumn clothes, but even important decisions such as changing your activities. A prime example This can be done in the EU, where there are renewed calls to reconsider the current course of policy. I think it's been a long time...
Justifying your existence
Unbeknownst to all of us, the most long-awaited and loved by many season is coming to an end. Yes, summer, unfortunately, flew by too quickly, and everyone is already making a list of what they managed to do in the last three months, and this applies not only to people, but also different organizations, even the North Atlantic Alliance is trying to create the appearance of vigorous activity. And if everything worked out...
The most dangerous Olympic Games
It always seemed to me that when organizing events international level, the focus is on safety. I'm sure many will agree with me, especially in present time. However, in RIO they don’t think so, so the current Olympic Games can be called one of the most dangerous in recent years. It's no secret that Brazil is not the most...
Let there be light
Every day, when we come home, we ourselves, without noticing it, reach for the switch to turn on the light in the hallway. This movement is done so automatically that many even get lost when they come to visit relatives or friends. Electricity has become a part of our lives, so many cannot even imagine what it would be like to live without it. And so that in all corners ...
Space news of Russia: Starfall is coming soon
So August has begun, and many are upset that most of summer has already passed, there is only a month left before the start of the rainy and cloudy season, and it is gradually getting colder on the streets. But apparently many people forget about what surprises nature is preparing for us during this short period between the end of the heat and the beginning of autumn. If you don’t watch Russian news, then you don’t even guess ...
Another militant on the streets of the USA
IN Lately made it a rule to watch the news bulletin to know about all the events in the world. And you know, more and more often I get the feeling that we are all living during the filming of some next Hollywood action movie, as one explosion is replaced by another, and the shooting does not even stop even in the USA, which is the birthplace of such films. ...
What do the events in Munich mean?
Many will agree with me that this week turned out to be the most eventful for the entire month. The whole world was shocked by a series of tragic news from different parts of the world, but most of the deaths occurred in the EU. Unfortunately, today's night did not pass quietly, this time the shooting took place in Munich. According to eyewitnesses, there was a conflict ...
Will Russia be able to fly to Egypt today?
I remember that three years ago, many of my acquaintances, thinking about where to spend their summer vacation, most often, they chose between Turkey and Egypt. But just a year ago, the situation changed dramatically, after the tragedy, which resulted in the death of Petersburgers. On that day, the whole country was watching the news of Russia, and many were worried about their relatives who could be on board ...
Great Mystery of India
What do you associate India with? Personally, images of huge elephants immediately pop up in my head, on which great nobles ride, who all day enter into various partnerships with other high-ranking people. This country is also associated with beautiful women in surprisingly bright robes with henna-decorated hands, and bolts on their wrists ...
Will the US learn from their mistakes?
Making mistakes is something that is common to all people. The smartest ones draw conclusions and do not allow them to be repeated, while the stupid ones constantly step on the same rake. By the way, this rule also applies to states. But for some reason they forget about it. As a result, we can see the United States repeat its past gaffe, which killed thousands of people. But not...
Has Türkiye realized everything?
As they say, until the roasted rooster pecks, right? Apparently, in order to rally the whole world against a global threat, it is necessary that a tragedy occur in each of the countries. Only after that, everyone begins to take active steps and make compromises and cooperation. Why can't it be otherwise? I don't understand. In any case, only after the terrorist attack at the airport in Istanbul, Turkey...
Terrorist attack in Istanbul: the cause of the explosion
Terrible news thundered this night, announcing a new terrible terrorist attack from big amount dead. Today, Türkiye is in the spotlight. All they do is discuss the tragedy that happened at the Istanbul airport. But, as cynical as it sounds, this is to be expected. It's no secret that the Turkish authorities have provided a kind of...
First aid kit on vacation: what do you take?
Officially, you can declare that the holiday season has begun, everyone is massively going out into nature, frying kebabs, swimming in rivers and lakes, summer is in full swing. And all of Russia today is enjoying the warm season. But, unfortunately, along with such vivid impressions, we often also get an upset stomach, and someone manages to get even sunstroke. Naturally...
The invisible side of the USA
Just yesterday I sat down to watch a very good film about family values, and even with Sandra Bullock in leading role, as this morning I stumbled upon the terrible news of the United States, which completely spoiled all ideas about American families. It is clear that not everyone is like that, and one case is not an indicator, but how could a mother kill her children? Woman stop...
Class hour"For children - about ecology"
Purpose: to form students' knowledge about ecology as a science that studies relationships with the environment, about the main levels of environmental knowledge, their originality; educate children careful attitude to the environment, ecological culture.
What is ecology? Ecology is the science of the home. And our home is
planet Earth. This is a difficult science.
Ecological education means a continuous process of education, upbringing and development of a child, aimed at the formation of an ecological culture, which manifests itself in an emotionally positive attitude towards nature, one's health.
The main task of modern ecology is the development of the theory of interaction between nature and society. We all live on a small spaceship with the good name "Planet Earth". Its capabilities, resources, living space, all its constituent components are closely interconnected and interdependent, and most importantly, they are limited.
Not talking about ecology today is a sign of bad taste.
The level of ecology is the level of consciousness of society.
Environmental education and upbringing of the ecological culture of the younger generation is becoming one of the main tasks facing society. To avoid adverse impact on the environment, not to make environmental mistakes, not to create situations dangerous to health and life, modern man should have elementary environmental knowledge and a new ecological type thinking. On present stage the issues of human interaction with nature have grown into a global environmental problem. If people in the near future do not learn to take care of nature, they will destroy themselves. And for this it is necessary to cultivate an ecological culture and responsibility. And it is necessary to start environmental education from the youngest school age, since at this age it is easiest to teach to love and protect nature. At the same time, it is necessary to develop in children a cognitive interest in the world of nature, competent and safe behavior both for the child and for nature, respect for the environment as a whole, the ability to observe natural objects and phenomena, teach elementary norms of behavior in nature, preserve nature and, if necessary, provide assistance to it, ennoble natural environment. Students who have received certain ecological ideas will be more careful about nature.
Nature is a friend! And from elementary school age, children must be taught not to litter, not to kill bugs, frogs, all living things. Pictures of nature are the strongest aesthetic means of influencing the soul of a child, and its significance cannot be overestimated.
Environmental education is a daily process.
How does our intervention in nature threaten man himself?
Children should know that the environment, its condition is the cause of many diseases.
Modern children often suffer from allergies, asthma, and the cause of these diseases is not only heredity, but also the environment. According to the state of children's health, one can judge the ecological well-being. For example: A few dozens years ago in Chernivtsi, doctors noted massive hair loss in children. In external environment, i.e. in the air, a high level of boron, waist and lead was found, many times higher than the limit allowable concentration. In another place, similar causes led to jaundice in children, in a third - to anemia.
Sometimes children show nervous - psychical deviations due to unhealthy environment. Living near industrial facilities threatens with heavy metal poisoning.
Another reason for morbidity is that children, because of their vertically challenged They breathe in more car exhaust than adults, so they accumulate a lot of harmful lead in their bodies.
Because of this, people experience headaches, fatigue, an increase in the number of cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, and cancer develops.
Ecological knowledge should help the child understand what needs to be done in order to preserve the environment around him and his loved ones. He must necessarily take part in feasible environmentally oriented activities. It is one thing to have a conversation about the rules of conduct, and quite another to create conditions in which the child could put this knowledge into practice.
Communicating with nature gives children great joy. After all, they see the world in all the variety of colors, smells, sounds. And this acquaintance with the world of nature, its forest inhabitants, can be carried out in the form of a game, a fairy tale, riddles that is fascinating for children. Outdoor activities - excursions, walks - are very useful and necessary for children. Fresh air, forest smells, the beauty of the surrounding nature has a beneficial effect on children's health. When communicating with nature, children become kinder, more harmonious. During the environmental activities they learn to observe natural phenomena, master the rules of behavior in nature, perform environmental tasks that are feasible for children, such as, for example, cleaning up the territory from garbage. Such work contributes to the education in children of a sense of responsibility for the preservation of the environment, respect for it.
When we conduct an excursion into nature with an ecological bias, we first of all pay attention not to the structure, not to the shape of the object (most often these are plants, trees), not to the height, not to the carved leaves, but to the conditions without which live tree. For example: a tree needs soil. She holds his roots and nourishes him, he needs air, because the leaves breathe. We need rain to water the tree, we need wind to spread the seeds. I draw the attention of children to a broken branch, to a trunk cut with a knife. How painful it is for a tree, because it gives us shade in the heat, purifies the air, saturating it with oxygen. And the flowers plucked and thrown right there? They could please everyone with their appearance and aroma, but, unfortunately, they died.
Going on a picnic with their parents, children stumble upon huge piles of rubbish: tin cans, plastic bottles, packages of chips, cellophane bags, pieces of iron, tires, tires, black circles of fires. Floats in the water too disposable tableware. In such cases, it is very important for children to remember the lessons in which they were taught not to throw anything away. Remember that garbage can be organic and inorganic. It is easy to get rid of organic garbage: vegetable peelings, the remains of cooked food can be buried. Non-organic waste can either be incinerated or carried away and disposed of in trash can at the place of residence. There is no third. It is the duty of everyone to clean up after themselves and leave nature pure. In pollution environment guilty people! The amount of garbage, as you know, is directly dependent on the quality of life. The higher the level of civilization, the more difficult nature. Smoking chimneys of factories and factories, exhaust gases of vehicles do not allow breathing fresh air. Deforestation deprives animals of their habitual conditions of existence and leads them to death. Soils and waters are contaminated with industrial waste, oil products, mineral fertilizers. No sorting household waste, how in developed countries. If paper decomposes within 2-3 years, then plastic bottles are all 200 years old. For example, the Germans have 6 trash cans in each house, in which food, plastic, glass, paper, and metal are stored separately. Why not follow the example of the Japanese who sort garbage into bags different color?
Children receive this information in lessons in grade 3 on the topic “ Live nature”, in the 4th grade on the topic “Nature Protection”.
When we read the story “Shameful in front of the nightingale”, then after reading we analyze the actions of girls and give similar examples from life. We conclude: you can not pollute nature!
When we study the properties of water in grade 4, I give the guys information that water is very important. natural resource. Historically, human settlements arose along the banks of rivers, near reservoirs. At the present stage, humanity is experiencing big problems With drinking water, water supply, and they are gradually increasing. Difficulties are exacerbated by widespread water pollution. As for the Donbass, its industrial development has already led to an ecological overload. Every year, 1.7 billion cubic meters are dumped into the rivers and reservoirs of the region. m Wastewater. Therefore, we have a high mortality rate in our region, low life expectancy compared to other regions, a very high level of complicated childbirth in women, and the disappearance of fish in rivers. And the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere is a large percentage
Environmental education in a modern school is not a tribute to fashion, but a concern for the younger generations. In the age of advanced technology, high level development of many spheres of the world economy, man remains helpless before nature. His powerlessness before the elements is confirmed every year, month, day: information about earthquakes, tsunamis, mudflows does not leave the TV screens. The negative role of terrestrial civilization in strengthening greenhouse effect, a decrease in the thickness of the azon layer. It is difficult for the layman to believe in the warnings of ecologists about the impending ecological crisis. It is more convenient for a person to think that it will not come to this.
What happened to nature? Why did she become so harsh on us, her children? The reason is production and other human activities; it was he who destroyed it.
The teacher, and no one else, is obliged to think about the generations to which we leave our planet after ourselves. We must teach children natural intelligence from childhood. And it's possible.
Teaching children the laws of nature means educating generations who will know their home - the Earth, will build wisely, think wisely and live, thinking about future generations.
Taking walks in nature, the teacher teaches not to tear lilies of the valley, snowdrops, primroses, because by doing this we cause irreparable damage to nature. We teach not to pick up testicles from the nest, because the mother bird can leave the nest forever.
Ecological problems complex and diverse, the world around him is very important for a person. But he scares with traces of activity. We see how the green lungs of the planet are being destroyed, how we are drowning in dirt and garbage. So what needs to be done to save the Earth and life on it? What contribution can each person make to this process?
We, teachers, teach children how to take care of plants at any time of the year, including indoor ones, in the classroom and outside of school hours. We transplant, water, loosen. We feed the birds in the cold winter time, we hang feeders made by ourselves, in the spring we hang birdhouses, in which parents - dads help. We often clean the area adjacent to the school, plant trees.
I spend test to identify environmental knowledge.
1. Which flower blooms first?
Clover
Snowdrop
Dandelion
2. Where can I get firewood for the fire?
Pick up dry deadwood
break fir branches
3. Where to put an empty tin can in the forest?
Into the fire
Into the bushes
Burn in the fire and bury
4. What will happen if you destroy the anthill?
Nothing will happen, the ants will build it again
Someone will bite
Trees and animals will get worse
5. Why are there mosquitoes in the forest?
To nothing
So that smaller people go to the forest
There is nothing superfluous in nature
6.What to do if you find a bird's nest?
Come closer and take a closer look
Leave as quickly as possible
Touch and leave
7.What to do if you find a chick?
Leave as quickly as possible - do not interfere with his mother to take care of him
take home
Plant in the nest
8. Which of these mushrooms is edible?
fly agaric
boletus
9. Is it possible to tear these flowers (water lily, lily of the valley)
Yes, to find out what they are called
No; maybe they are rare
yes they are beautiful
10.What is ecology?
The science of how to live in peace with nature without violating its laws
The science of how to destroy nature
Human Science
The test results show how much ecological knowledge the children have.
I spend quiz.
I give next questions:
Who sleeps upside down? ( The bats)
What does a bear eat when it sleeps in a den? (fat stores)
How does a hedgehog look like a bear? (sleep in winter)
Which flower summer starts? (Bell)
Month of primroses? (March)
Tree growth champion? (Eucalyptus)
Who is colder in winter? little animal or big?
How do forest red ants prepare for winter?
Where do insects go in winter?
Which cow lives better: tailed or tailless?
Where is the head of a sunflower facing at noon?
When are hares born - leaf fall?
By correct answers, I judge the amount of knowledge of students. For myself, I conclude that the study of ecology is a continuous process and to complete it within the framework of elementary school it is impossible, because from the small citizens of the country adults grow up - the future builders of the Earth, and everything that children will take out of school will all affect our lives and the lives of subsequent generations and the animal world.
As part of checking the assimilation of knowledge on ecology, we visited the local history museum.
The toddler age is perhaps the most curious age, when the world seems big, wide, spacious, and so many amazing things fit in it.
Books published by "Samokat" will introduce the baby to different ecosystems. From them, the child will be able to learn that there is another world beyond his densely populated habitat. Or rather, worlds, because there are four ecobooks from Catherine Ville!
This series from "Scooter" is great news for those parents who are very concerned about the preservation of the environment. And the thing is that a series of illustrations from Catherine Wille is a 100% eco-product. Publishers proudly tell us that the circulation of one book alone made it possible to save as many as 11 large trees from destruction.
My little garden Catherine Wille
Catherine Wille in her books introduces the little reader to four ecosystems. Let's take a look at the forest first.
So that we do not get lost among the mighty pines and oaks, as many as three guides go with us on a familiarization trip: a fox, a squirrel and a badger.
First of all, the animals tell where they live - among these trees and mosses. Squirrels live, for example, in hollows, foxes and badgers live in deep holes.
It is very, very interesting in the forest, because every corner of this place is different. In the forest you can find oaks, and maples, and acacias, and spruces, and junipers, and alders. Try, guess what kind of leaves it is, what tree it is from? Parents can explain how important trees are to us. But after all, not only to us - various animals and birds feed on the fruits and seeds that trees give.
What else do animals eat? That's right, mushrooms and berries. But, exploring the world, you need to be very careful, because both mushrooms and berries can bring not only benefits and pleasure, they can also be dangerous to health, poisonous.
Together with the squirrel, we go on a small forest journey further and notice big bump! See how happy the squirrel is to meet you - she hugs the cone, whose seeds are her favorite treat. In addition to cones, you can find acorns, wild roses, and chestnuts in the forest.
But, shhh.. what is that noise? Who says it from there, from the next page? Yeah ... a whole detachment of unprecedented animals and insects! It will be very interesting for the kid to get acquainted with a hare and a raccoon, with an owl and a bat. And learn a lot of interesting things from the pages of an environmental book.
This is not the end of the text, click on the number 2 to go to the next page.
In preschool educational institution it is more appropriate not to educate the child, but to educate him ecologically, preparing him for systematic schooling. Life experience at this age is based on one's own impressions and rather narrow space apartments, kindergarten, yard, nearest street.
Along with the ecological information explaining what was seen, explanations of the connections of events, the ethical component acquires the main importance at this stage of environmental education. The child is well prepared for the correct perception of himself among other organisms, he feels their equality to himself. Adults try to convince him of this and distort the existing rudiments of a biospheric worldview. little man. That is why the main task in kindergarten and in the family at this time is to consolidate the correct attitude of the child. It is impossible to instill in him an aggressive attitude towards organisms, even if it is selective, all the more inappropriate to cultivate a squeamish attitude towards our smaller brothers. All of them - and plants including, require a respectful attitude of a person. This will be the basis environmental education in preschool education.
A person lives in a village house or in a city apartment. Children, moreover, often additionally live in a kindergarten or boarding school. Wherever a child lives, his dwelling or its various parts will be attractive to many organisms. And they will certainly settle there either forever, or will live here in certain seasons. Even a simpler dwelling, such as a bird's nest, is also a haven for a large number types of organisms. They inhabit the litter and bottom of the nest, partly live directly on its inhabitants. They are connected various relationships, and each performs a certain "work" in this living complex of species. This is what ecologists call nesting biocenosis.
A human dwelling is spatially organized much more complicated than a nest; many places with peculiar conditions of existence can be distinguished in it. Somewhere it's more humid, somewhere it's darker or warmer, and so on. In this case, ecologists talk about the microclimate.
There is the climate of the room, that is, the totality of its climatic characteristics(temperature, humidity, pressure, illumination, etc.), but there is a climate of some part, for example, behind a steam heating battery. There, almost all elements of this local climate will differ from the climate of an apartment or any other housing. This particular local climate is more suitable for someone, and it is natural that such residents will concentrate in this particular place. Both between the inhabitant of residential premises, and between them and its owner (he is also one of the inhabitants), certain relations develop. Some roommates will be annoying, dangerous, or will win competitive attitudes (for example, eat some products faster) with a person. Such he will call "harmful." Others will help him cope with competitors, or keep his home clean, or save him from diseases, or they may simply turn out to be something pleasant for a person. These he will call "useful."
True, in addition to useful and harmful in an apartment, kindergarten or boarding school, there are also a lot of, in his opinion, organisms that are indifferent to him. Most of all, organisms live there, about which he knows nothing, and does not even know about their presence in his home. All this does not mean that they are indifferent to him. All organisms in this community are related to each other close relationship and mutually regulate both the number and activity of each other. With the literacy of the owner, he will be able to adjust the composition and properties of the biocenosis of his housing, maintaining optimal conditions for his own living in it. The task of this chapter is not so much to give the educator recipes for managing the biocenosis of his own apartment, but to show the general picture of the functioning of such a community, the diversity of its components and connections. The child must understand that even at home he is part of a large functioning living system, that he, like all other parts, is dependent on this system.
Such an understanding of oneself as part of the world will make it possible to cultivate a biocentric worldview. This will save the future man from arbitrary and destructive actions to change his environment, teach him to respect all organisms around him, understand their functions and use them in his activities. A person brought up in this way will have a new role on the planet. He will cease to be the master and manager of all things, but will become one of the organisms coexisting in the biosphere. Due to the fact that he is endowed with intelligence, he must, together with other organisms, try to optimally maintain the harmony, beauty and diversity of his living world. This directly affects the quality of own life. After all, it is absolutely impossible in an interconnected system for the prosperous existence of one of the species against the background of the deterioration of the lives of others and the general destruction of the system.
For teaching ecology in kindergarten, in addition to the program of such training, manuals for the educator have been published (Erdakov, Ksenz, 2006). In order for the teacher to have illustrations for his studies in ecology, small stories for small children about plants and animals living in the apartment and near it were published to help him. That is, about those with whom children communicate from the very beginning. early age, but then, under the influence of others, they begin to treat many of them with disdain. In order to capture a positive attitude towards such organisms, these stories for children were created (Erdakov, Ksenz, 2006; 2007). A textbook for the first grade by A.A. will also be useful for such education. Vakhrusheva et al. (1996). There, just for the initial groups of the kindergarten, the main distinctions are given - living from non-living, plants from animals, etc.
Thus, on early stages upbringing, there is an idea of simple rules(ecological axioms) of the coexistence of man with the organisms surrounding him. It turns out its dependence on its habitat, the skills of using simple environmental rules in one's life, as well as the skills of a tactful attitude towards the surrounding organisms are laid. The child learns the basics of environmental ethics, which will subsequently help him get off the path of destruction ecological systems of which he is a member.
From the monograph "Continuous environmental education(Ecology for the Greens)"