Winter and summer solstice when. The days of the solstice and equinox: numbers, dates, how they differ, how many are there in a year, what are the national holidays at this time? Processes and phenomena on the day of the autumn equinox and winter solstice: how to use for gar

The spring and autumn equinoxes are an astronomical phenomenon in which day equals night, they mark the change of seasons. We know that the spring and autumn equinoxes occur at the moment when our Sun crosses the celestial equator in its annual movement along the ecliptic. These points, respectively, are in the constellations of Pisces and Virgo. Day spring equinox- this is the beginning astronomical spring.

On the days of the solstices, our daylight reaches extreme points its annual path through the sky - in summer it deviates 23.4 degrees north of the celestial equator, in winter - 23.4 degrees south. Therefore, in June, the Sun illuminates the northern hemisphere of the Earth more - and at the time of the solstice summer comes here, - and at the end of December - the south, and at this time we have winter (and summer in the southern hemisphere).

Below you can see the exact dates of the spring and autumn equinoxes for the city of Moscow, just like the winter and summer solstices.

Equinox and Solstice Day 2018 for Moscow

event	date Time
spring equinox	March 20 at 19:15 Tue
summer solstice	June 21 at 13:07 th
autumnal equinox	23 september at 04:54 sun
winter solstice	December 22 at 01:22 Sat

These dates were among the most revered in the pre-Christian period. Solstice, rotation, equinox, solstice - the names of solar holidays, which are also called the four hypostases of the Slavic Dazhdbog, which is the Sun itself - the son of Svarog.

Kolyada - winter solstice(December 21-22);
- Maslenitsa or Komoyeditsy - the day of the vernal equinox (March 21-22);
- Kupailo (Kupala) - summer solstice (June 21-22);
- Radogoshch (Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen) - autumn equinox (September 22-23);

Kolyada is the winter solstice or the longest night of the year. During this period, the young sun Kolyada replaces the old sun Svetovit. Because the daylight hours from this day begins to increase. Replaced by the church on Christmas Day.

Maslenitsa or Komoyeditsy - the day of the spring equinox (day and night are equal in time), farewell to winter, burning of the effigy of Madder, meeting of spring and the Slavic New Year. The date March 21-22 is also the beginning of astronomical spring. From now on, the day becomes longer than the night. Yarilo-Sun replaces Kolyada and drives away Zima-Marena. Traditionally, this circle was celebrated for two whole weeks.

Kupailo is the day of the summer solstice. The longest day and the most short night in a year. The last day of the Rusal Week or Mermaids. Kupala is one of the oldest holidays that has preserved many traditions and customs unchanged to this day, for example: the funeral of Yarila, who is replaced by God summer sun Kupala, collecting medicinal herbs, searching for a fern flower, etc. Kupailo is also a great holiday, which is now replaced by the church on the birthday of John the Baptist.

Radogoshch (Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen) - the day of the autumn equinox (day and night are equal in time). On this day, the Sun-Old Man Svetovit takes over. The night is getting longer than the day. It is both a solar holiday and a holiday of the end of the harvest. Replaced by church for Christmas Holy Mother of God.

Day of equinox and solstice by year:

What does summer and winter solstice mean? Please write in more detail. Thanks.))

Solstice- the point in time in the annual rotation of the Earth around the Sun, when the shortest day or the shortest night is observed. There are two solstices in a year - winter and summer. In the northern hemisphere, the winter solstice occurs on December 21 or 22, and then the shortest day (and the longest night) is observed, and the summer solstice occurs on June 21 or 22, and then the shortest night (and the longest day) is observed. In the southern hemisphere on specified dates fall, respectively, summer and winter solstices.
During several consecutive days of the solstice, the Sun almost does not change its declination, its midday heights in the sky are almost unchanged; hence the very name of the solstice.
On June 22, being in the constellation of Gemini, the Sun has the greatest height above the horizon. In the northern hemisphere, this day is the longest of the year and the night is the shortest. For several days in a row, the Sun seems to be standing in one place, so these days are called days. summer solstice. These are the hottest days of the year.
In the middle latitudes, the longitude of the day exceeds 16 hours; the sun does not set at all beyond the Arctic Circle. Accordingly, the night will last less than 7 hours.
Despite the fact that summer is just beginning to gain strength from now on, the sun is already turning towards autumn. After the solstice, the daylight hours will become shorter, and by September 23 - the day of the autumnal equinox - dark time days will prevail over the light.
According to experts, nature also reacts very strongly to the solstice - until this day, as a rule, all plants try to reach their maximum growth, and after the summer solstice they use the accumulated forces, we can say that nature is stretched on this day.
Around the date of December 22, the Sun rises to its lowest height above the horizon for several days. These days are called days winter solstice . In the northern hemisphere of the Earth, the most short days, and the longest nights of the year. December 22 is considered the beginning of astronomical winter. Daylight is increasing, which means that spring is just around the corner. . After December 22, the Sun at least "for a bird's lope", but adds height. For ancient people it was a divine miracle - the victory of light over darkness. Daylight is increasing, which means that spring is just around the corner.

Now in my city, there is such a phenomenon as White Nights I love this time
White nights are bright nights, when evening twilight merges with morning ones, and night darkness does not come. White nights are observed in both hemispheres at latitudes above 60 degrees.

Solstice(also solstice) - an astronomical event, the moment of passage of the center of the Sun through the points of the ecliptic, the most distant from the equator of the celestial sphere and called the solstice points.

Equinox- an astronomical phenomenon when the center of the Sun in its apparent movement along the ecliptic crosses the celestial equator. When observing the Earth from space on an equinox, the terminator passes along the geographic poles of the Earth and is perpendicular to the earth's equator.

These dates were among the most revered in the pre-Christian period. Solstice, rotation, equinox, solstice - the names of solar holidays, which are also called the four hypostases of the Slavic Dazhdbog, which is the Sun itself - the son of Svarog.

• Kolyada- winter solstice (December 21-22)
• Maslenitsa or Komoyeditsy- the day of the spring equinox (March 21-22)
• Kupailo (Kupala)- summer solstice (June 21-22)
• Radogoshch (Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen)- autumnal equinox (September 22-23)

Kolyada The winter solstice or the longest night of the year. During this period, the young sun Kolyada replaces the old sun Svetovit. Because the daylight hours from this day begins to increase. Replaced by the church on Christmas Day.

Maslenitsa or Komoyeditsy- the day of the vernal equinox (day and night are equal in time), farewell to winter, burning of the effigy of Marena, meeting of spring and the Slavic New Year. The date March 21-22 is also the beginning of astronomical spring. From now on, the day becomes longer than the night. Yarilo-Sun replaces Kolyada and drives away Zima-Marena. Traditionally, this circle was celebrated for two whole weeks.

Kupailo- the day of the summer solstice. The longest day and shortest night of the year. The last day of the Rusal Week or Mermaids. Kupala is one of the oldest holidays that has preserved many traditions and customs unchanged to this day, for example: the funeral of Yarila, who is replaced by the God of the summer sun Kupala, the collection of medicinal herbs, the search for a fern flower, etc. Kupailo is also a great holiday, which is now replaced by the church on the birthday of John the Baptist.

Radogoshch(Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen) - the day of the autumn equinox (day and night are equal in time). On this day, the Sun-Old Man Svetovit takes over. The night is getting longer than the day. It is both a solar holiday and a holiday of the end of the harvest. Replaced by the church on the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

The position of the sun at the solstice

The periods between solstices are the time when the sun moves either higher above the horizon or lower.

Astronomers note that the movement of a hot star is similar to a sinusoid:

• after the winter solstice it rises daily
• after the summer - on the contrary, it falls lower

The angle created by the sun and the earth's horizon, in other words, the astronomical longitude of a hot star, is:

• 90° in June
• 270° in December

In astronomy, from the moment the Sun enters the zodiac sign of Taurus in June, summer is counted, and winter is counted in the sign of Sagittarius in December. A few days before and after the solstice, the hot celestial body “freezes” at one point at noon.

However, you won't see the sun directly overhead on the solstices.

If you are a resident of the northern hemisphere of the Earth, then:

• go 23.5° above the equator before the summer solstice to see the hot planet vertically above you,
• visit 23.5° south latitude to see a similar phenomenon during the winter solstice.

The position of the sun on the equinoxes

The equinoxes represent a milestone when the sun moves from north to Southern Hemisphere in autumn and vice versa in spring. This is for the part of our planet that is located above the equator. The sun these days directs its rays in such a way that they evenly heat the entire part of the Earth turned towards it.

Another feature of these calendar dates is that the day before and after, as well as during the equinox, the sun rises clearly in the east and sets in the west. True, this phenomenon is typical only for 23.5 ° north or south latitude. Elsewhere there is a slight shift to the north or south.

Days of equinox and solstice: magic

These 4 days of the year have maximum energy, not only because of the change of times. The Slavs knew this very well and harmoniously built their lives in such a way as to streamline and develop their relationship with nature.

A common moment during the celebrations of all solstices and equinoxes among our ancestors were mass festivities.

The whole village gathered together:

• were carried out different games and fun
• there were round dances
• everyone ate
• praised the gods
• commemorated ancestors

Everything was fun, easy and natural.

• We still celebrate the summer solstice as Kupala. We are looking for the cherished fern flower in the hope of good luck and the fulfillment of a cherished dream.
• On the autumn equinox, the ancestors held a harvest festival. Adults cleaned the house, yard, and fields. Children decorated their homes with bunches of rowan. It was believed that she would protect the house and its inhabitants from evil all year round.

The winter solstice, or the birth of Kolyada, the young sun, was celebrated on a special scale. There was also a place:

• fortune-telling about the betrothed, marriage, weather on next year, harvest
• caroling and dressing up as animals to scare away dark forces
• jumping over the fire to burn all resentment, envy and similar sins

Three days before and the same after Kolyada had a special power. Mistresses put things in order in their heads and houses, attracted health and well-being to the life of the family. They watched the events of 12 days after Kolyada in order to understand what would bring coming year for family.

• The vernal equinox had a special power. Nature was waking up from its winter sleep, New Year to work on the ground.
• At that time pancakes were baked, there was Maslenitsa. But it lasted 2 weeks - one before, the second after the day of the equinox.
• Housewives baked larks, small birds made from sweet dough.
• In the evening, everyone jumped over the fires to renew themselves for a new round of life. For example, if an unmarried girl jumped, then she will definitely become the mother of a hero.

Dates and times of solstices and equinoxes in UTC-0
	Equinox March		Solstice June		Equinox September		Solstice December
	day	time	day	time	day	time	day	time
2010	20	17:32	21	11:28	23	03:09	21	23:38
2011	20	23:21	21	17:16	23	09:04	22	05:30
2012	20	05:14	20	23:09	22	14:49	21	11:12
2013	20	11:02	21	05:04	22	20:44	21	17:11
2014	20	16:57	21	10:51	23	02:29	21	23:03
2015	20	22:45	21	16:38	23	08:20	22	04:48
2016	20	04:30	20	22:34	22	14:21	21	10:44
2017	20	10:28	21	04:24	22	20:02	21	16:28
2018	20	16:15	21	10:07	23	01:54	21	22:23
2019	20	21:58	21	15:54	23	07:50	22	04:19
2020	20	03:50	20	21:44	22	13:31	21	10:02
2021	20	09:37:27	21	03:32:08	22	19:21:03	21	15:59:16
2022	20	15:33:23	21	09:13:49	23	01:03:40	21	21:48:10
2023	20	21:24:24	21	14:57:47	23	06:49:56	22	03:27:19
2024	20	03:06:21	20	20:50:56	22	12:43:36	21	09:20:30
2025	20	09:01:25	21	02:42:11	22	18:19:16	21	15:03:01

Solstices and Equinoxes in 2019. Features of the position of the sun relative to the earth.

The forces of nature are harmonious and consistent. No matter how a person tries to unravel them, make attempts to predict and / or correct, but to no avail. The only true and easy way to interact with them is to accept and harmoniously weave into your life. What our ancestors did well in ancient times. The days of the solstices and equinoxes from time immemorial were milestones in the calendar, when the seasons changed. They had a special power, so it was simply impossible to live them quietly. Let's talk about these days from the point of view of the calendar and astronomy, touching in passing magical rites our Slavic ancestors.

What are solstice days?

the movement of the earth around the sun during the equinoxes and solstices

Solstice days are astronomical situations when the sun is at its highest or lowest position relative to the earth's horizon.
In other words, when day and night have a maximum and minimum duration.

We see this phenomenon twice a year:

• June 21 or 22
• December 21 or 22

The shift in dates is due to the peculiarity of the year. It is either regular or leap year.

Solstice days are named:

• summer for the northern hemisphere and winter for the southern in June
• winter for the northern hemisphere and summer for the southern in December

The summer solstice is characterized by:

• the longest day
• shortest night

At the winter solstice, the duration of the day and night are opposite to the summer ones.

Date of the summer solstice in 2019: day length, shortest night

arrangement of the sun and earth on the summer solstice

Its duration will be 17.5 hours, respectively, the night will last only 6.5.

Date of the winter solstice in 2019: day length, shortest day

Now the night will be most days - about 17 hours, and a day will remain a little less than 7 hours.

The position of the sun at the solstice

position of the sun above the horizon during the solstices and equinoxes

The periods between solstices are the time when the sun moves either higher above the horizon or lower.

Astronomers note that the movement of a hot star is similar to a sinusoid:

• after the winter solstice it rises daily
• after the summer - on the contrary, it falls lower

The angle created by the sun and the earth's horizon, in other words, the astronomical longitude of a hot star, is:

• 90° in June
• 270° in December

In astronomy, from the moment the Sun enters the zodiac sign of Taurus in June, summer is counted, and winter is counted in the sign of Sagittarius in December.

A few days before and after the solstice, the hot celestial body “freezes” at one point at noon.

However, you won't see the sun directly overhead on the solstices. If you are a resident of the northern hemisphere of the Earth, then:

• go 23.5° above the equator before the summer solstice to see the hot planet vertically above you,
• visit 23.5° south latitude to see a similar phenomenon during the winter solstice.

How does the day decrease after the summer solstice: graph

day length in different months per year in the diagram

The sun from the most distant point from our planet begins to reduce the degree of deviation. The day is slowly getting shorter.

So from + 23.5 ° it comes to 0 ° on the day of the autumn equinox. Then warm sun rays the northern hemisphere receives less and the southern more.

The figure below shows a table of changes in the length of the day after the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere by months.

table of changes in longitude of the day after the solar solstice

How does the day increase after the winter solstice: graph

sunrise on the winter solstice over Stonehenge

Having reached a deviation of -23.5 °, the hot luminary comes to the closest point to the planet, the winter solstice begins. After that, the day gradually grows.

At 0° on the vernal equinox, the sun begins to warm the northern hemisphere more. So the duration in the latter increases.

Below in the picture is a table of increasing the longitude of the day after winter equinox for the northern hemisphere by months.

table of day length changes in the northern hemisphere after the winter solstice

What are equinoxes?

diagram of the starry sky and the positions of the sun relative to the earth and the signs of the zodiac at the equinoxes and solstices

The equinoxes are the points from which the seasons begin.

In the first months of spring and autumn, our sun reaches points when day and night are almost equal in duration. These dates are for:

• northern hemisphere - March 20 and September 21/22/23, respectively
• southern hemisphere - vice versa

The sun on the equinoxes is in zodiac signs Pisces in spring and Virgo in autumn.

The days of the equinox are interesting in that the hot luminary passes from one hemisphere to another. That is, from March 20/21, there is more warm sun in the northern hemisphere, and from September 22/23 - in the southern.

Spring equinox day in 2019: date, longitude of the day

symbolic border of winter and spring

As follows from the word "equinox" itself, the light and dark parts of the day become equal in duration.

Autumn equinox day in 2019: date, longitude of the day

The date of the autumnal equinox of 2019 in the northern hemisphere of our planet falls on September 23.

Up to this point, the day was shrinking, giving its minutes to the night. It caught up with it in duration on this calendar date.

The position of the sun on the equinoxes

position of the sun on the equinoxes and solstices in the northern hemisphere

The equinoxes represent a milestone when the sun moves from the northern to the southern hemisphere in autumn and vice versa in spring. This is for the part of our planet that is located above the equator.

The sun these days directs its rays in such a way that they evenly heat the entire part of the Earth that is turned to it.

Another feature of these calendar dates is that the day before and after, as well as during the equinox, the sun rises clearly in the east and sets in the west. True, this phenomenon is characteristic only for 23.5 ° north or south latitude. Elsewhere there is a slight shift to the north or south.

Days of equinox and solstice: magic

smiling girl in a wreath wildflowers during the celebration of the summer solstice

These 4 days of the year have maximum energy, not only because of the change of times. The Slavs knew this very well and harmoniously built their lives in such a way as to streamline and develop their relationship with nature.

A common moment during the celebrations of all solstices and equinoxes among our ancestors were mass festivities. The whole village gathered together:

• there were different games and fun
• there were round dances
• everyone ate
• praised the gods
• commemorated ancestors

Everything was fun, easy and natural.

• We still celebrate the summer solstice as Kupala. We are looking for the cherished fern flower in the hope of good luck and the fulfillment of a cherished dream.
• On the autumn equinox, the ancestors held a harvest festival. Adults cleaned the house, yard, and fields. Children decorated their homes with bunches of rowan. It was believed that she would protect the house and its inhabitants from evil all year round.

The winter solstice, or the birth of Kolyada, the young sun, was celebrated on a special scale. There was also a place:

• fortune-telling about the betrothed, marriage, weather for next year, harvest
• caroling and dressing up as animals to scare away dark forces
• jumping over the fire to burn all resentment, envy and similar sins

Three days before and the same after Kolyada had a special power. Mistresses put things in order in their heads and houses, attracted health and well-being to the life of the family. They watched the events of 12 days after Kolyada in order to understand what the coming year would bring for the family.

• The vernal equinox had a special power. Nature was waking up from its winter sleep, a new year was beginning to work on the earth.
• At that time pancakes were baked, there was Maslenitsa. But it lasted 2 weeks - one before, the second after the day of the equinox.
• Housewives baked larks, small birds made from sweet dough.
• In the evening, everyone jumped over the fires to renew themselves for a new round of life. For example, if an unmarried girl jumped, then she will definitely become the mother of a hero.

Read more about traditions, rituals and actions aimed at harmonizing fate in the next article.

Video: solstices and equinoxes

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Books

• Russian traditions. Summer Holidays, Collection. So the “Light” Summer, the “Bright”, “Hot” Summer, and the “Red” Summer have come. The most long-awaited time in the peasant and folk cycle of rituals and holidays. Lots of sayings define and… audiobook