Download a presentation about the rest on the Black Sea. Presentation "Black Sea". Which fish has two large antennae under its muzzle, with which it feels the bottom under it

Black Sea

and its inhabitants

The Black Sea is located in the depths of the Eurasia continent and is an inland sea of ​​the Atlantic Ocean basin. The average depth of the Black Sea is 1300 m, and the maximum depth reaches 2211 m. The area is 422 thousand sq. km. The waters of the Black Sea wash the shores of many states: Russia, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Romania and Georgia. The salinity of the water in the Black Sea is much lower than in other seas.

Not a single sea on Earth has a depth separation into two zones - oxygen (up to a depth of 150-200 m) and lifeless hydrogen sulfide (below 200 m), occupying 87% of its water mass. At the disposal of animals and plants is only 13% of the volume of water.

• Stone crab prefers rocky bottom

• Grass crab lives in algae

About 180 species of fish are known that live in the Black Sea.

The goby hides in a mink

• Scorpion thorns are poisonous

Dogs often settle in rapana shells

Rock groupers are very curious

Stargazer or sea cow is very poisonous

Night coloring of red mullet (sultanka)

The sea dragon is very poisonous

The needlefish and seahorse differ from other fish in that their females spawn not into the water, but into special skin folds on the males' backs, and the males hatch the eggs until the fry are hatched.

Fry horse mackerel find shelter under the dome of the cornerot

When is Black Sea Defense Day celebrated?

The one who was born by the sea
He loved forever
White masts in the roadstead,
In the haze of the sea city,
Beacon light over the wave
Southern nights oblivion
The bluest in the world
The Black Sea is mine
The Black Sea is mine!
International Black Sea Day
celebrated every year on 31 October
in memory of the day in 1996, when six Black Sea
countries - Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Georgia, Russia
and Ukraine - signed the Strategic Action Plan
for the rehabilitation and protection of the Black Sea

Why is the Black Sea so named?

1. Metal objects
lowered for some
sea ​​depth and
go upstairs
blackened, under
the action of hydrogen sulfide
which is in our sea,
they turn black.
2. Due to brown algae
Cystoseira bearded and
scytosiphon. It's a whole forest
brown algae. When
fly over the sea, then because of
these algae
water looks black to us.

What geometric figure resembles the shape of the Black Sea.

Oval
-the form
Black
seas

How many countries surround the Black Sea. Name them.

Black Sea
washes such
countries like:
1. Ukraine
2. Russia
3. Bulgaria
4. Turkey
5. Romania
6. Abkhazia
(partially)
7. Georgia
(partially)

How many days in a year is there a strong wave of the Black Sea.

On the Black Sea
repeatability
strong unrest
low.
During the very
"stormy" year
excitement 6-9 points
not visible
more than 17
days.

What is a swell

The swell is the waves
observed at low
wind or no wind ("dead
swell").
The origin of these waves
associated with activities
wind.
On the Caucasian coast
the seas may come waves,
formed in a storm
area located in
it's time in the west
Black Sea.
On the Caucasian shores
winds can be light and
wave is large. This will be
swell.

What is the maximum wave height in the Sochi region.

highest heights
waves in the Black Sea 14 meters. Length
such waves
is 200
meters.
On the way to Sochi
maximum
wave height
is equal to 6 meters,
length 120 meters.

Name the main feature of the Black Sea.

Main Feature
the Black Sea is
complete absence of life
depths over 150-200 m,
(with the exception of some
bacteria).
Black Sea on
today is
the biggest
anoxic reservoir
in the world due to
savings there
hydrogen sulfide.

What sea birds are found on the Black Sea.

1. Black seagulls
seas
2. Duck dive
3. Cormorants of the Black
seas
4. Bird
Petrel
5. Swans
6. Leggy
herons

What algae can be a raw material for the extraction of iodine.

Phyllophora ribbed
(sea grapes) -
red algae
became the raw material for
extraction of iodine.
big thicket
are nearby
from the city of Odessa,
country Ukraine.
Prefer to grow up in
those places where
freshwater rivers
fall into the sea.
Phyllophora ribbed -
red algae

What seaweed is called sea grapes.

seaweed
phyllophora, or
sea ​​grapes,
she is called for
external resemblance to
grapes, she
has dark red
Colour.
From Fillofora
iodine is extracted from it
make alcohol,
acetone, acetic
acid, ammonia.

Which of the Black Sea algae is considered edible.

Ulva.
Population
many coastal countries
has long been used in
food. They made a salad out of it.
Meet this seaweed
easiest by the sea
after the storm.
It is easy to recognize her
bright green. growing
Ulva in shallow water, in
well warmed by the sun
places.
Ulva has no stem,
consists of a sheet 3050 centimeters long.
Ulva - sea lettuce

What is Zoster.

Zostera is a marine
grass.
1. Zostera plays very
important role in
marine ecology.
2. She creates the conditions
to attach
animals that
live at the bottom and lead
still image
life (polyps,
sponges).
3. Is food for
many types of fish and
other animals.

How many species of dolphins are found in the Black Sea? List them.

There are 3 species of dolphins in the Black Sea: bottlenose dolphin,
Belobochka, Azovka or Porpoise (Pykhtun).
1. Bottlenose dolphin (bottle nose) - the largest of
families of dolphins, reach a length of 2 to 3
meters and sometimes weigh more than 100 kg. Counts
the smartest dolphin, easy to
training.
2. White dolphin - If the bottlenose dolphin has a head ending
resembles the neck of a bottle, then a white barrel
looks like a snout stretched forward, resembling
beak. The body is blue-black, white on the sides, because
and they call the white-barreled dolphin. His most often
can be seen in the Black Sea.
3. Azovka (porpoise) is the smallest
in size from the Black Sea dolphin species.
The back is dark, the bottom is light. Nicknamed the pig
that we breathe noisily, and there is a lot of fat in the body, to
four centimeters. Its also often all
can be seen in the Black Sea.

What other mammal, besides the dolphin, lives in the Black Sea.

Monk seal, another name for the white-bellied seal.
Produces a look that
is currently under
the threat of extinction. Also
there is a small population in
the Black Sea.
White-bellied seal active
most often during the daytime.
The main diet consists
from octopuses, squids and eels,
fish are also eaten
shellfish.

What sharks are found in the Black Sea.

1. Katran - Sea dog
(Prickly shark) - graceful
sea ​​creature. Among the dense
thickets she moves easily and
gracefully. She is non-aggressive and
never attacks people.
2. Cat shark (Scyllium) This is the name of the shark received
due to the similarity of the head shape with
domestic cats. They are
quite mobile and
maneuverable. Ordinary
you can cat shark
watch in the summer months
waves of the Black Sea, where she
comes from the Mediterranean.

What types of Black Sea fish do not have bones.

In the Black Sea live in
mostly bony fish
and only 4 families
cartilaginous: these are feline and
spiny sharks, rays
common (skatfox) and stingrays
stingrays (sea cat).
Sharks and rays in the sea
perform functions
orderlies eating
sick and weakened
animals.

What kind of fish with its nose is able to break through the wooden side of the ship.

Fish - sword - you can
meet in the Black Sea.
Develops a very large
speed (faster than a cheetah).
The sword is a very fish
aggressive, can attack
just. Not known
isolated cases of
attack on wood
the ships that she
pierced with her sharp
nose.
There are even cases of
the attack of this fish on
small modern
ships in which the swordfish left holes.

Name the largest fish that lives in the Black Sea.

Beluga is one of
the largest fish
Black Sea. Reaches
weight 50-60 kg and length 4.2
m (at the age of 15).
Off the coast of Crimea
known cases of capture
beluga weighing 800 kg.
Beluga is a long-liver
among fish, some of it
individuals live up to 100 years.

What fish is found in the Black Sea in the largest quantities.

1. Gobies - in the Black Sea
there are about 10 species
this fish. This is a small
predatory fish living on
sandy bottom or thickets.
2. Black Sea horse mackerel
- is one of the most
common fish in
black sea. The fish lives in
flocks that move
in search of food.
3. Mackerel
Black Sea - schooling
fish, number in a school
there are more than a few
thousand.

What fish is found in the Black Sea in the largest quantities

4. Black Sea herring
- going to big
shoals and moves like
single mechanism.
5.
Black Sea sprat gathers in large flocks
shoals, lives in
moderately cold layer
water.
6.
Hamsa - going to
large flocks of shoals,
plays a huge role in
fishery and ecosystem
the sea, as it serves
main food of large
fish and dolphins.

What kind of fish easily gnaw shells of mollusks and feed on their meat.

1. Rulena - capable
with your teeth
gnaw at shells
shellfish.
2. Zelenushki - bright
painted fish.
Feeds on shellfish
worms and
crustaceans. Take a bite
from a stone shell,
gnaw, spit out and
waiting. shell shards
sink faster, and the pieces
meat slower. Fish
and selects them.

Which fish has two large antennae under its muzzle, with which it feels the bottom under it.

Red mullet or common
black sea sultanka
chin has two long
mustache, with which
stirs up the sand on the seabed,
while the fish rapidly releases
air bubbles (hence
title -
red mullet), catches small
animals: shellfish, small
crustaceans.
Red mullet in its existence
prefers muddy or
sandy bottom. Reaches 10-12 cm
length.
For your wonderful taste
called a sultanka (they say that
only the sultan had the right to eat it).

Which fish has a mouth that works like a vacuum cleaner.

What is a fish vacuum cleaner?
This high-nosed
needle fish -
relative
seahorse.
She eats very
unusual. inflates
cheeks and sucks in the mouth,
like a vacuum cleaner
small
invertebrates, sometimes
even fish fry.
Also this amazing
the fish can make
low bass sounds.

What Black Sea fish is called "golden" because of the delicious meat.

Tuna
Tuna is called "golden
fish", although "fish"
such a carcass can be
to name, only with a big
stretch. The title is
tuna received for delicious
meat. It tastes like
Chicken.

Which sea fish has a muzzle with eyes turned straight up.

The sea cow is
terrible predator with ferocious
square head,
lower
jaw and inelegant look
body.
Fish burrow into the sand
above which only
bulging eyes,
who called her a fish -
astrologer.
To lure the fish
at the stargazer on the lower jaw
there is a red growth-bait
(checkbox).
The sea cow has
venomous thorn, gill
lid - do not touch it.
stargazer fish, sea dragon
or sea cow

What kind of fish is distinguished by the ability to quickly change color to match the color of the bottom surface.

Flounder-Kalkan,
waiting for prey
lie on the bottom for hours,
masquerading as stones
burrowing into the sand.
Kalkan can change
its coloration at the sight
danger for the purpose
disguise or during
hunting depending on
bottom colors.
On the sand is her skin
gets sandy
color, on stony gray
bottom - grey.

What color are blind flounders

Flounder is easy
distinguish by appearance
type: fish body
flattened laterally,
.
eyes are on
one side.
Interesting that the blind
flounders are always
black color. They are like
would see in front of you
darkness and
respectively
change body color

What jellyfish are found in the Black Sea most often.

What jellyfish are found in
black
more often
Total.
Jellyfish
- this is the Sea
unusual
animals,
transparent and gelatinous. Their body is 95%
consists of water collected in a jelly-like
mass. In shape, they resemble a dome or
saucers.
There are 3 types of them in the Black Sea: Aurelia,
Mnemiopsis and Cornerot.
1. Aurelia (Eared) - most of all we
see in the Black Sea. Not poisonous. not

for people.
2. Mnemiopsis - a species without tentacles. They are
unable to sting, but very beautiful
glow in the dark. These are alien jellyfish, and
not the native inhabitants of the Black Sea. not
pose no serious threat
for people.
3. Cornerot - the most dangerous poisonous
jellyfish of the Black Sea appear in
abundant offshore in August and September. Them
the tentacles tingle palpably. Especially
jellyfish in the Black Sea are dangerous for
mucous membrane of the human eye.

Name the dangerous Black Sea jellyfish that leaves burns on the skin.

Cornerot - the most
large black jellyfish
seas.
It is easy to distinguish by
fleshy, like
bell, dome and heavy
beard of oral lobes under
him.
On these lacy blades
and are poisonous
stinging cells.
By touching them, you can
get BURNED.
True nettle is stronger
it burns, but its poison
eye contact, may
ruin their cornea.

What Black Sea fish can be dangerous to humans

Which Black Sea crab is the strongest.

stone crab
The stone crab is the largest
black sea crab. He
prefers to live in places
where deeper.
The size reaches 9-10cm, not
eats carrion like others
varieties, he himself
strong and aggressive, therefore
may at any moment become
agile and fast predator.
In an ambush, a crab can guard
small fish, worms, snails. His
pincers are very strong, he uses them
clicks shellfish, and
as well as hermit crabs
seeds.

Why is the marble crab called a spider.

Sea spiders, they
spider crabs, they
marble crabs
These crabs are called
"spiders" because of their
long, dark legs, and
the name "marble",
they got thanks
characteristic pattern on
shell.

What mollusk got into the Black Sea from the Pacific Ocean.

Ferocious predator - gastropod
shellfish Rapan
(resembling a large
snail) arrived here from the Pacific
ocean in 1947.
More precisely, it was accidentally brought to
bottoms of Soviet torpedo
boats.
He eats bivalves
shellfish; destroyed almost
all scallops and oysters in
Black Sea.
Strongly breed here he
was able thanks to
The Black Sea does not have its main
natural enemies - marine
stars.

Which mollusk feeds on bivalve mollusks.

Rapan - Predator
to his nature. Eats
bivalve
shellfish
(mussels),
drilling at
language help in their
sink hole
or unclenching them
sash with a strong foot.

Which mollusk feeds on oil and is able to filter polluted sea water.

some shellfish,
e.g. mussels,
eat
oily
waste, turning it into
fertilizers for
algae.
Mussels can live in
heavily polluted
water. Through one of
siphons, having slightly opened Take care of our Black Sea!!!

The names of the sea in antiquity. A legend is known: when the brave Greek sailors sailed to the Black Sea, it met them with a storm, scattered their ships, and the surviving ships “got away”. Then the Greeks called our sea "Pont Aksinsky" (Inhospitable Sea). Later, the Greeks built powerful ships, crossed the sea and founded Greek colonies - cities on the shores. At this time, the name of the sea "Pont Euxinus" (Hospitable Sea) appeared on Greek maps and in Greek sailing directions.

Why is the Black Sea so called? So the first version of "black" - northern, uncomfortable. There are two more interesting versions. One is connected with the main feature of our sea: the presence of dissolved poisonous gas, hydrogen sulfide, in the sea water. There is a huge amount of hydrogen sulfide in sea water. It saturates the depths of the sea, deprives them of life, therefore only special sulfur bacteria live at the depths, which restore the sulfates contained in sea water and turn them into hydrogen sulfide and bicarbonates. Hydrogen sulfide is easily oxidized, so if you lower some metal object to a depth and then pull it to the surface, the object will be covered with a black coating.

The Black Sea is deep. Some authors indicate that the depth reaches 2211 m, others that m. The greatest depth, as can be seen on the map, is off the coast of Turkey in the Sinop depression. Average sea depth m. Average level. Approximately equal to the level of the world ocean. Increases by cm per 100 years. The eastern coast of the Black Sea goes steeply into the depths.

Square, pool of the sea. The surface area of ​​the Black Sea is approximately square kilometers (in some sources, sq. km). The basin of the sea is the territory from which all the precipitated waters enter this sea.

The Black Sea is huge! It washes the shores of Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Georgia. The Black Sea is fraught with great wealth. Currently, about 60 chemical elements have been discovered in sea water. These are iodine, bromine, radium, silver, gold, etc. True, they are contained in very small quantities. So, for example, silver in total accounts for 1 milligram per ton of sea water. But if all the silver in the water of the Black Sea were to be extracted, it would amount to tons. The riches of the Black Sea also include plants and animals that inhabit it.

The coastal zone of the sea is a shelf, depth up to m is composed of pebbles, gravel, shell fragments, sand and dust particles - silt. At a depth of m it is covered with clayey and calcareous silts. In the northwestern part of the sea, the shelf is up to 200 km wide; in the rest of the sea, the shelf is much narrower, from 1 to 10 km. Against the mouths of large mountain rivers, underwater ravines-canyons go from the coast into the sea. They are trying to use the shelf for the extraction of sand and pebbles! According to experts, sand mining in the area of ​​the Black Sea shelf will lead not only to the degradation of bottom biocenoses, but also to a decrease in fish stocks.

Islands of the Black Sea The shores of the Black Sea are slightly indented: there are few bays and bays. The Black Sea is almost devoid of islands. There are only three of them: Fidonisi (aka Serpentine), located opposite the mouth of the Danube. Berezan (the locals call it Schmidt Island in memory of Lieutenant Schmidt, the heroic leader of the uprising of the Black Sea sailors, who was shot by the tsarist government on this island), is located between the entrances to the Berezansky and Dnieper-Bugskip estuaries; Kefken, which is located 92 km east of the Bosphorus, north of Cape Kefken.

Peninsulas Let's note two peninsulas - Crimean and Taman. The Black Sea is closely connected with the Sea of ​​Azov by the Kerch Strait. (The Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is 10 times smaller in area, and in depth it reaches only 14 m. Therefore, the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov used to be called the Meotian swamp and was considered the bay of the Black Sea.)

States on the shores of the Black Sea The shores of the Black Sea belong to seven states: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia and Abkhazia. These states united in efforts to keep the Black Sea clean. Coastal residents need to make efforts to prevent pollution of the Black Sea.

The volume of water in the Black Sea is more than 547 thousand cubic kilometers Of the total volume of water, only 13% is saturated with oxygen - this is a surface layer a m thick, the rest of the water is saturated with poisonous gas - hydrogen sulfide. Nevertheless, the Black Sea is inhabited by no less species of animals, plants, algae and fungi.

Two-layer is a feature of the Black Sea. In the Black Sea, active water exchange occurs only to a depth of m. Deeper, the entire volume of water is poisoned by hydrogen sulfide. The total amount of hydrogen sulfide is billion tons and in the last 1 - 2 thousand years it remains approximately constant, because. in parallel with the formation of hydrogen sulfide in the depths, hydrogen sulfide is oxidized by bacteria. The content of hydrogen sulfide at a depth of 150 m is determined at 0.19 mg per liter of sea water, at a depth of 200 m - 0.83 mg, and at a depth of 2000 m - already 9.6 mg (increases 50 times). Deep hydrogen sulfide was formed 7-8 thousand years ago after an earthquake that opened access to the salty waters of the Mediterranean Sea to an ancient freshwater lake, which was in those days on the site of the Black Sea. This caused the death of a large number of freshwater organisms. And the decomposition of the remains created hydrogen sulfide (relict). Hydrogen sulfide in the Black Sea was discovered by the expedition of geologist N. Andrusov in 1890. In addition, hydrogen sulfide is constantly formed in the sea due to the decomposition of organic remains carried into the sea by rivers. This process is called "eutrophication".

Residents of the Black Sea! About 130 species of fish are found in the Black Sea. There are flounder, herring, anchovy, tyulka, mullet, horse mackerel, mackerel, etc. Of the birds, there are gulls, petrels and other birds. Oysters, mussels, a predatory mollusk - rapana live at the bottom of the Black Sea, crabs huddle in the crevices of coastal rocks, and there are many jellyfish. They can predict the approach of a storm by their behavior. There are resorts on the Black Sea coast where thousands of children and adults improve their health. These are sanatoriums, boarding houses, tourist bases, children's recreation centers. We see that the Black Sea is of great benefit to man. Does a person always treat him with care? Is it possible to destroy the wealth that we take from the sea?

October 31 - International Black Sea Day International Black Sea Day is celebrated in memory of October 31, 1996, when the six Black Sea countries of Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Georgia, Russia and Ukraine signed the Strategic Action Plan for the rehabilitation and protection of the Black Sea. This Plan was developed after extensive studies of the marine environment, which showed that the viability of the Black Sea marine environment has deteriorated significantly compared to the previous three decades. Actions are timed to coincide with the International Black Sea Day, aimed at preserving the unique ecosystem of the Black Sea, drawing attention to problems and finding ways to solve the most acute of them. In all cities of the Black Sea coast, regional centers, environmental events, round tables, competitions and other events are held aimed at shaping public opinion in defense of the sea, at educating the ecological culture of the population.

Action leaflet GIVE THE BLACK SEA A PROMISE I will: take all my rubbish with me after visiting the beach; save water in any business affairs; eliminate water leaks in your apartment; plant trees, shrubs, and flowers around your home, school, and public places; tell my neighbors and acquaintances how to take care of plants, how useful plants are and how plants filter water before it goes into the sea, use a shopping bag when I go shopping, so as not to use packaging bags that litter nature, buy products with less packaging, pour out oil, paints and chemicals so that they do not get into the water; carry out environmental actions to protect the Black Sea: clean up garbage on the beaches and along the river banks so that garbage does not pollute the sea, draw posters in defense of the sea and its inhabitants, participate in exhibitions of such posters, hold talks, quizzes, holidays in order to educate everyone around love for the sea.

History of international cooperation to save the Black Sea By the beginning of 1990, the state of the Black Sea ecological system was determined by experts as critical. In 1992, the first World Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro. At this meeting, the international community came to a consensus that for the sake of future generations of people, the economic activity of all countries should be accompanied by appropriate measures to protect the natural environment and protect fragile ecosystems from degradation and the threat of complete extinction. The Black Sea region was the first where the environmental protection course was further developed: in April 1992, the Convention for the Protection of the Black Sea from Pollution was adopted in Bucharest. The Global Environment Facility, the European Union and other donors have allocated $17 million for the implementation of the Black Sea Environment Program (BEP). The headquarters of the CEP is located in Istanbul, Business Centers have been created in each of the 6 Black Sea countries, their specialization has been determined.

In the cities of the Black Sea coast, it has already become a tradition for many residents to celebrate October 31 as International Black Sea Day. On this day, environmental subbotniks are held to clean the seashore from garbage. In addition, special attention is paid to working with children, for whom lectures, exhibitions and drawing competitions are held. Divers picked up garbage from the bottom of the sea and showed it to schoolchildren.

The history of the name of the Black Sea In ancient Russia of the XXVI centuries, the name "Russian Sea" was found in the annals, in some sources the sea is called "Scythian". The modern name "Black Sea" has found its corresponding reflection in most languages: Bolg. Black Sea, Ukrainian Chorne more and others. There are a number of hypotheses regarding the reasons for the emergence of such a name. The Turks and other conquerors, who tried to conquer the population of the coast of the sea, met a fierce rebuff from the Circassians, Circassians and other tribes, for which they called the Karadengiz Sea Black, inhospitable. But in Turkey there is another legend, according to which a heroic sword rests in the waters of the Black Sea, which was thrown there at the request of the dying wizard Ali. Because of this, the sea is worried, trying to throw out deadly weapons from its depths, and is painted black.

Another reason may be the fact that during storms the water in the sea gets very dark. However, storms in the Black Sea are not very frequent, and the water darkens during storms in all the seas of the earth. Another hypothesis of the origin of the name is based on the fact that metal objects (for example, anchors), lowered into the sea water deeper than 150 m for a long time, were covered with a black coating due to the action of hydrogen sulfide. Another hypothesis is connected with the “color” designation of the cardinal points adopted in a number of Asian countries, where “black” denoted the north, respectively, the Black Sea is the northern sea.

The greatest length of the Black Sea in the direction from east to west kilometers; the longest distance from north to south kilometers; Average depth - 1315m Maximum depth - 2210m

Near the very level of the water, in strongly surfed places, pink, lime-soaked, coralline algae, which looks like naked, strongly branching, very fragile bushes, is often found. Near the very level of the water, in strongly surfed places, pink, lime-soaked, coralline algae, which looks like naked, strongly branching, very fragile bushes, is often found. In addition to these algae, there are many other types of algae. Almost all Black Sea algae require a solid support; on soft sand and silt, they are comparatively very rare and in most cases attach themselves to mollusks living in sand and silt, to living or dead, or to randomly found stones. In addition to these algae, there are many other types of algae. Almost all Black Sea algae require a solid support; on soft sand and silt, they are comparatively very rare and in most cases attach themselves to mollusks living in sand and silt, to living or dead, or to randomly found stones. Some algae, especially in winter and spring, rise to the rocks relatively high above the water level and are content with the fact that they are sometimes flooded with waves or even only moistened with spray from the waves. Some algae, especially in winter and spring, rise to the rocks relatively high above the water level and are content with the fact that they are sometimes flooded with waves or even only moistened with spray from the waves.

In the Black Sea, as well as in other seas, you can easily observe jellyfish that can move from place to place. In the Black Sea, as well as in other seas, you can easily observe jellyfish that can move from place to place. The body composition of jellyfish includes a huge amount of water. If we take a jellyfish, The composition of the body of jellyfish includes a huge amount of water. If you take a jellyfish, which sometimes hardly fits in a bucket, and put it on a sheet of paper in the sun, then after a while only a film will remain on the sheet, since water will evaporate, which contains up to 95% in the body of jellyfish.

In the Black and Azov seas, together, there are up to 134 species of fish, and 4 or 5 species of mammals, including 3 or 4 species of dolphins and seals. In the Black and Azov seas, together, there are up to 134 species of fish, and 4 or 5 species of mammals, including 3 or 4 species of dolphins and seals. In the Black Sea itself, up to 20 species of fish are of great commercial importance. In the Black Sea itself, up to 20 species of fish are of great commercial importance.

In terms of fishing, in terms of the number of fish caught and profitability, the Black Sea, together with the Sea of ​​Azov, ranks second among all fishing areas in European Russia. In terms of fishing, in terms of the number of fish caught and profitability, the Black Sea, together with the Sea of ​​Azov, ranks second among all fishing areas in European Russia.

Sultanka or barbunya is very much appreciated for its taste; the ancient Romans paid for large sultans, positively incredible sums. In summer it is caught on all coasts. Sultanka or barbunya is very much appreciated for its taste; the ancient Romans paid for large sultans, positively incredible sums. In summer it is caught on all coasts.

The Akantias shark living in the Black Sea does not pose a danger to humans; it is caught together with sturgeons on hooks and in Sevastopol, it is eaten. The stingrays related to sharks, the sea cat and the sea fox, for all their edibility, are not used in our food. In addition to fish, mammals are inextricably linked with the sea: the seal and three or four species of dolphins. Dolphins are, of course, real mammals, since they feed their cubs, which they usually have one at a time, with milk and breathe with lungs, and not with gills. They feed on fish. Unlike seals, dolphins absolutely cannot get out onto land, and when they land on it, they die of hunger and a violation of the mutual relationship of organs, since their body is built with the expectation of being supported by water. Newborn dolphins are forced to immediately begin to swim and therefore they are born very large, in some species even longer than half the height of the mother. Dolphins swim very fast.

The natural disaster in November caused an ecological disaster in the Azov and Black Seas. The natural disaster in November caused an ecological disaster in the Azov and Black Seas. One autumn day, due to a strong storm, four ships sank, six more ran aground, two tankers were damaged, and one barge is drifting. One autumn day, due to a strong storm, four ships sank, six more ran aground, two tankers were damaged, and one barge is drifting. As a result, about 6800 tons of sulfur and about 1300 tons of oil got into the water. As a result, about 6800 tons of sulfur and about 1300 tons of oil got into the water. According to the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations, the wind raged here at a speed of more than 32 meters per second, and the sea was 67 points. According to the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations, the wind raged here at a speed of more than 32 meters per second, and the sea was 67 points.

Presentation on the topic "Black Sea" in geography in powerpoint format. In this presentation for schoolchildren, the most important issues related to the study of the Black Sea are considered: its origin, nature, significance for human activities and ecology. Presentation author: Kuskova Anastasia.

Fragments from the presentation

Location

The Black Sea is the warmest and friendliest of our seas, the inland sea of ​​the Atlantic Ocean basin in southern Russia. The surface of the Black Sea is the water border between Europe and Asia.

Origin of the Black Sea name

There are several versions about the name of the sea Black. According to one of them, the sea is so named as a result of its storminess - and storms here are severe up to 8 points. During such a storm, the color of the water away from the coast turns black, and the destructive force of the waves fully justifies its name. According to another theory, the sea is so named because metal objects lowered to a great depth and then raised to the surface become black, for example, anchors. There is also a mythological theory. It is connected with the idea of ​​the Eastern peoples about the color of the cardinal points. According to these ideas, everything that is in the south is white and red, and in the north - black. This theory is confirmed at the present time - the Turks still call the Black Sea Kara Deniz - the Black Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, the color of the water of which is much darker than the Black Sea - Ak Deniz - the White Sea, only because it is located to the south. There is no single scientific theory on this issue.

Origin of the Black Sea Basin

Geologically, the Black Sea is young. The origin of the basin is attributed to the end of the Quaternary period, when the mountains of the Crimea, the Caucasus and Asia Minor were formed. Along the edges of the depression, the movement of the earth's crust is now continuing, accompanied by earthquakes.

Nature of the Black Sea

• The climate is mild Mediterranean subtropical.
• Flora - green, brown and red algae, phytoplankton
• Only hydrogen sulfide bacteria live in the deep layers.
• There are a lot of fish in the upper layer of the Black Sea.

Importance of the Black Sea

The significance of the Black Sea is great: fishing, shipping, strategic and military importance. Novorossiysk is the largest port in Russia, and the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus is the most important recreational area in southern Russia.

Ecology

• Over the past 15 years, the environmental situation in the Black Sea has deteriorated.
• The main type of Black Sea pollution is oil products.
• The construction of new oil terminals, the operation of the Blue Stream gas pipeline, the construction of an ammonia pipeline, roads and facilities for the Olympic Games in Sochi are causing concern.

The Black Sea is frozen

• The northwestern water area of ​​the Black Sea near Odessa froze for the first time in 30 years as a result of abnormally cold weather in the region. The thickness of the ice on the beaches, according to the ScanEx engineering and technology center, already exceeds 40 centimeters.
• According to satellite data, as of February 7, the northwestern part of the Black Sea is covered with ice for 13 kilometers from the coast, and small "icebergs" can be observed 100 meters from the coast. Rescuers from Romania, Bulgaria and Ukraine announced yellow and orange danger levels on the coasts, urging the population not to go out on the ice. The work of Ukrainian seaports has been suspended until February 15.
• The ice miracle, formed during severe frosts in Odessa, never ceases to amaze. The crust of ice on the sea extends for hundreds of meters. Mini-icebergs formed off the coast. They rub against each other and against the piers and emit a frightening creak. It is also interesting to watch how the sea "breathes" - waves still try to break through under the ice. Then the ice crust begins to move, as if something is melting under it.