Drilling basic provisions briefly. Why is military training necessary? Performing the transfer of the machine "on the belt" from the position "on the chest"

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Drill, being an integral part of combat training, has an impact on all aspects of the life and activities of troops. It tempers the will of warriors, contributes to the observance of military order and the strengthening of discipline, improves the ability to control one’s body, develops attentiveness, observation and diligence.

Without properly delivered drill training, it is difficult to achieve clear-cut actions for soldiers in modern combat. Now, when subunits and units are saturated with complex equipment, when the role of collective weapons in combat has increased significantly, the level of drill proficiency must be especially high.

The basis for preparing the personnel of the unit for joint actions was, is and remains the system. He, like no other type of training, brings up a quick, accurate and unanimous execution of the will of the commander. Drill training is based on a deep understanding by military personnel of the need for clear, quick and dexterous actions when performing techniques as part of a unit.

Drilling training disciplines military personnel, develops in them speed and precision of actions in armament and on military equipment, and also contributes to the acquisition of skills that are necessary in the classroom for tactical, firearms, special training and other subjects of study.

Drilling training includes: single combat training without weapons and with weapons; drill coordination of squads (crews, crews), platoons, companies (batteries), battalions (divisions) and regiments when operating on foot and in vehicles; combat reviews of divisions and units. Drill training is carried out in planned classes and is improved in all formations and movements, in all other classes and in everyday life.

In the practice of commanders, training and education constitute a single process and are always interconnected. Consequently, in the process of drill training of subordinates, the commander must constantly conduct educational work aimed at instilling high discipline, diligence and devotion to the Motherland.

In mastering methodological skills, the commander's ability to analyze his successes and failures, the results of each lesson, and his systematic work to improve his knowledge are of decisive importance.

CONSTRUCTION CHARTERARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

AT put into action

Order of the Minister of Defense

Russian Federation

This Statute defines combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons; formation of divisions and military units on foot and in vehicles; the procedure for performing a military greeting, conducting a drill review; the position of the Battle Banner of the military unit in the ranks, the procedure for the joint removal and removal of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit; the duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks and the requirements for their drill training, as well as the methods of movement of military personnel on the battlefield and actions in the event of a surprise attack by the enemy.

Combat techniques without weapons​​

All military personnel of military units, ships, military command and control bodies, enterprises, institutions, organizations and military educational institutions of vocational education of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as military units) are guided by the combat charter.

The Charter applies to servicemen of other troops, military formations and bodies created in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as to citizens called up for military training.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. BUILD AND MANAGE THEM

1. Build- the deployment of military personnel, subunits and military units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

2. Rank- a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.

Line of cars - a system in which cars are placed one next to the other on the same line.

3. Flank- right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

4. Front- the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part).

5. Back of the tuning the side opposite the front.

6. Interval- the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.

7. Distance- the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.

8. Tuning width- the distance between the flanks.

9. Depth of tuning- the distance from the first line (in front of the standing soldier) to the last line (behind the standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (in front of the standing vehicle) to the last line of vehicles (behind the standing vehicle).

10. Double row action- a formation in which the servicemen of one line are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other line at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of the serviceman in front). The ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

Row- two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete.

When turning the two-rank formation around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank.

11. One-rank and two-rank systems can be closed or open.

In close formation, military personnel in ranks are located along the front from one another at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

In an open formation, servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

12. Column- a system in which the military personnel are located at the back of the head to each other, and the units (vehicles) - one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

Columns can be one, two, three, four or more.

Columns are used to build subunits and military units in a deployed or marching formation.

13. Expanded system- a system in which subunits are built on the same line along the front in a one-tier or two-tier system (in a line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander.

The deployed system, as a rule, is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

14. Marching system- a formation in which the unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.

15. Guide- a serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the military personnel (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide.

trailing- a soldier (unit, vehicle) moving last in the column.

16. The formation is controlled by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, and also transmitted using technical and mobile means.

Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and designated observers.

Management in the car is carried out by commands and orders given by voice and by means of intercom.

In the ranks, the senior commander is located where it is more convenient for him to command. The rest of the commanders give commands, remaining in the places established by the Charter or the senior commander.

The commanders of subunits from a company and above in the march formation of a battalion and regiment are allowed to go out of action only to issue commands and check their execution.

17. The team is divided into preliminary and executive; commands can be and only executive.

The preliminary command is given clearly, loudly and lingeringly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them.

On any preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance.

When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated.

For example: "Machine guns on - CHEST". "Machine guns on re-MEN", etc.

The executive command (printed in large print in the Charter) is given after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out.

In order to attract the attention of a unit or individual serviceman, the preliminary command, if necessary, calls the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the serviceman.

For example: "Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP". "Private Petrov, circle GOM."

18. Formation control signals and machine control signals are specified in appendices 3 and 4 to this Charter.

If necessary, the commander can assign additional signals to control the formation.

19. Commands relating to all units are accepted and immediately executed by all unit commanders and (senior) vehicle commanders.

When a command is transmitted by a signal, the "ATTENTION" signal is preliminarily given, and if the command refers to only one of the units, then a signal indicating the number of this unit is given.

Readiness to accept a command by a signal is also indicated by the signal "ATTENTION".

Receipt of a signal is confirmed by repeating it or by giving an appropriate signal to your unit.

20. To cancel or stop the execution of the reception, the command "STOP" is given. This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.

21. During training, it is allowed to perform the drill techniques specified in the Charter and move through divisions, as well as with the help of preparatory exercises.

For example: "Assault rifle on the chest, according to divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO, do - THREE." "To the right, along the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO."

22. When forming national teams, they are drilled into units. For calculation, military personnel line up in a single-rank or two-rank system and are calculated according to the general numbering, as indicated in Art. 85 of this Charter. After that, depending on the size of the team, a calculation is made sequentially for companies, platoons and squads, and the commanders of these subunits are appointed.

To participate in parades, as well as in other cases, a unit, by order of the commander, may form a common column of three, four or more. In this case, the construction is carried out, as a rule, by growth.

23. The construction of units is carried out by the command "STAND", before which the order of construction is indicated.

For example: "Squad, in one line - STAND".

On this command, the serviceman must quickly take his place in the ranks, dial the established interval and distance, and take a combat stance.

24. When submitting commands for subunits of branches of service and special forces, instead of the names "detachment", "platoon", "company", "battalion" and "regiment", the names of subunits and military units adopted in the branches of service and in special troops of the branches of the Armed Forces are indicated.

DUTIES OF COMMANDERS AND MILITARY PERSONNELBEFORE BUILDING AND IN SERVICE

25. The commander must:

• indicate the place, time, formation order, uniform and equipment, as well as what weapons and military equipment to have; appoint an observer if necessary;
• check and know the presence in the ranks of subordinates of their unit (military unit), as well as weapons, military equipment, ammunition, personal protective equipment and personal armor protection, entrenching tools;
• check the appearance of subordinates, as well as the availability of equipment and the correct fit;
• to maintain the discipline of the formation and require the exact execution of commands and signals by the subunits, and by the military personnel of their duties in the formation;
• when giving commands on foot, take a combat stance on the spot;
• when building units with weapons and military equipment, to carry out an external inspection of them, as well as to check the availability and serviceability of equipment for transporting personnel, the correct fastening of the transported (towed) weapons and military equipment and the stowage of military property; remind personnel of safety requirements; in movement, observe the established distances, speed and traffic rules.

26. A soldier is obliged:

• check the serviceability of the weapons and ammunition assigned to him, weapons and military equipment, personal protective equipment and personal armor protection, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;
• carefully refuel the uniform, put on and adjust the equipment correctly, help a friend eliminate the noticed shortcomings;
• know your place in the ranks, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it; in motion, maintain alignment, established interval and distance; comply with safety requirements; not to break down (machines) without permission;
• in the ranks without permission, do not talk or smoke;
• be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others;
• transmit orders, commands without distortion, loud and clear.​

Memo to the squad leader

"Combat Review"

At the starting line, the commander gives the command: "Squad, in a column of two - STAND" and brings the squad with a marching step to the stage.

Opposite the referee's table, the commander gives the command "Squad, stop. Left right)". The commander comes out, turns to face the formation and, when the judge approaches, gives the command “Separation, Smirno, alignment to RIGHT(to-LEFT, to-MIDDLE) ». Having given the command, the squad leader puts his hand to the headgear, approaches the judge with a drill step, stops two or three steps in front of him and reports: “Comrade judge (or military rank). Branch _________ (team name) for the passage of the "Combat Review" stage was built. Squad leader _________ (Last name).

After the report, the commander, without dropping his hands, takes a step to the right (left) with a simultaneous turn to the left (right). The squad leader accompanies the judge 1-2 steps behind.

The reporter greets the department, the department answers "We wish you good health, comrade judge (or military rank)." The referee gives the order "WILL", the commander duplicates it and lowers his hand from the headgear. After the referee's order « Proceed to the review", the commander answers "There is", and commands: "Squad - Disperse."

The commander follows to the place where the squad is built, turning to face the referee's table, takes a combat stance, and commands: "Squad, in one line - become." The squad is lined up in order of ranking to the left of the commander. With the beginning of the formation, the squad leader breaks down, becomes facing the front of the formation and monitors the alignment of the squad. If necessary, align the compartment on the spot, a command is given "EQUALIZE". The commander then commands : "Squad - Equal", "Attention", "At ease", "Refuel"; “Separation - Equal”, “Attention”. Next, the commander gives commands for turns on the spot: « Napra-VO", "Nale-VO", "Kru-GOM"(each command is given two or three times). Then the commander gives the following commands: "Squad, in order - pay off", "Squad, for the first and second - pay off", "Squad, in two lines - line up" (twice ), “Squad, in one line - line up”(twice).

For teams of the 1st age group: when in a two-rank formation, a command is given "Squad, right (left) close."

For teams of the 2nd and 3rd age groups: the commands “Separation, to the right (left) close-knee”, “Separation, from the middle one step at a time-knock”, “Separation, to the middle som-knee” are given.

When opening from the middle, it is indicated who is the middle one. The Yunarmee, called the middle one, upon hearing his last name, replies: "I", stretches forward the left hand and lowers it.

"Separation - equal, at attention", "Step - MARCH".

During the movement, commands are given: "Squad - Strider March" "Squad - Attention", "Alignment to the RIGHT(left) » (everyone performs a military salute in motion). After passing by the judge, the command is given "At ease."

For groups 2 and 3:

To change the direction of movement, the command " RIGHT (LEFT) shoulder forward - MARCH". On the executive command, the guiding line starts the turn, while the one who is on the inside of the turn shortens his step, turning almost around his axis, keeping in line with those on the outside of the turn, and they, in turn, increase the length step, the rate of turn sets the last one in the line from the outside of the turn. The end of the change in direction of movement and the beginning of rectilinear movement is carried out by the command " STRAIGHT". After the executive command to start changing the direction of movement, the subunit goes to the marching step, and after the end of the maneuver returns to the combat;

For group 3:

To perform turns in motion, the commands " Napra - IN» (« Nale - IN”), for a reversal of “ Around - MARCH". The main attention needs to be given commander units when issuing commands to perform turns (turns). Executive command for turns "- IN» served under right (left) leg respectively, after which, at the next step, the unit executes the command by turning to left (right) leg, taking a full step right (left) foot. Executive Team" MARCH» for a turn in motion is fed under the right leg. After that, a full step is taken with the left foot, 1/3 step with the right foot, the foot of which is placed to the left of the left foot, crossing the legs, a turn is made, rising on the toes of both legs and turning around, a step is made with the left foot.

A command is given to perform the song "Separation, song - sing-VAY"(Verse and chorus are performed.) When the song is performed, the squad walks at a walking pace and leaves the parade ground.

Elements of single drill training (for groups 2 and 3):

The implementation of the elements of single combat training begins with the determination by the squad leader of one of the youth soldiers and calling him out of action with the commands:

- "Yunarmeets, Ivanov!";

-"I!";

- "Get out of order onsuch a quantitysteps!".

After that, the squad leader proceeds to issue commands for execution.

The squad leader should pay attention to the fact that the squad is located on the parade ground in such a way that it does not interfere with the performance of single combat techniques. The department kept BUILDING DISCIPLINE!

Elements of single drill training:

failure;

Approach to the chief (commander of the department);

Submitting a report;

Departure from the boss;

Marching move;

Turns in place;

Giving a military salute in motion;

Change of direction of movement;

Return to duty.

For group 3:

Turns in motion.

| Material for the section "Fundamentals of military service" to prepare for practical exercises on the basis of a military unit | Drill

Fundamentals of life safety
Grade 10

"Fundamentals of Military Service".
Preparation for practical exercises on the basis of a military unit

Drill

The execution of combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons, the formation of subunits and units, the procedure for military salute, the duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks, the methods of movement of military personnel on the battlefield are determined by the Military Regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

A serviceman before building and in the ranks is obliged:

Check the serviceability of their weapons, weapons and military equipment assigned to them, ammunition, personal protective equipment, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;
carefully refuel the uniform, put on and adjust the equipment correctly, help a friend eliminate the noticed shortcomings;
know your place in the ranks, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it; in motion, maintain alignment, established interval and distance; comply with safety requirements; not to break down (machines) without permission;
in the ranks without permission, do not talk or smoke; be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others;
transmit orders, commands without distortion, loudly and clearly.

The order of execution of combat techniques and movement without weapons is given in table 7 and in figure 45.

Performing a military salute without weapons on the spot and on the move

A military salute is performed clearly and valiantly, with strict observance of the rules of combat stance and movement..

To perform a military salute on the spot out of formation and without a headgear, 3-4 steps before the chief (senior), you need to turn in his direction, take a combat stance and look at his face, turning your head after him. If the headgear is worn, then, in addition, one must put the right hand to the headdress in the shortest way so that the fingers are together, the palm is straight, the middle finger touches the lower edge of the headdress (near the visor), and the elbow is at the line and height of the shoulder. When turning the head towards the chief (senior), the position of the hand at the headgear remains unchanged (Fig. 46, a).

When the chief (senior) passes the person performing the military greeting, he turns his head straight and lowers his hand.

To perform a military salute in motion out of formation and without a headgear, three or four steps before the chief (senior), simultaneously with placing the foot on the ground, stop moving with your hands, turn your head in his direction and, continuing to move, look into his face. Having passed the chief (senior), you need to turn your head straight and continue to move your hands. When wearing a headgear, simultaneously with placing your foot on the ground, you need to turn your head and put your right hand on the headgear, and keep your left hand motionless at the hip. Having passed the chief (senior), simultaneously with placing the left foot on the ground, turn the head straight and lower the right hand (Fig. 46, b).

When overtaking a chief (senior), a military salute must be performed with the first step of overtaking. With the second step, put your head straight and lower your right hand.

If the hands are occupied with the burden, the military greeting is performed by turning the head towards the chief (senior).

Squad and platoon formations

A formation is the deployment of military personnel, subunits and units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

The build can be deployed and marching.

In the deployed formation, the subunits are built on the same line along the front in a one-rank or two-rank formation (in the line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander.

In the march formation, the subunit is built in a column or subunits in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

The formation of a squad and a platoon can be made in deployed formation or marching formation.

Line can be single or double. In turn, single-rank or two-rank systems can be closed and open.

In closed formation military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

In an open formation, military personnel in ranks are located along the front from one another at intervals indicated by the commander.

The construction of the squad and platoon in the marching system is carried out on command “Squad (platoon), in a column of two (three) - stand”.

The marching formation of a squad can be in a column of one or two, and a platoon - in a column of one, two, three and four.

The construction of the squad and platoon in a single-rank (double-rank) system is carried out on command "Squad (platoon), in one line (two lines) - become".

Military salute in the ranks on the spot is made on command "Squad (platoon), at attention, alignment to the right (left, to the middle)" when the boss approaches 10-15 steps.

The servicemen take a combat stance, at the same time turn their heads to the right (left) and follow the chief with their eyes, turning their heads after him.

When the commander approaches from the back of the formation, the commander turns the squad (platoon) around, and then gives the command to perform a military salute.

To perform a military salute in the ranks on the move, 10-15 steps before the commander, the commander commands: "Squad (platoon), at attention, alignment to the right (left)". On command "Attention" all military personnel move to the front step, and on command "Left (right) alignment" at the same time they turn their heads towards the boss and stop moving their hands.

BASICS OF DRIVING TRAINING
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Drill training is an independent subject of training for military personnel in the combat training system and is organically included in many other training subjects, influencing the development of knowledge, skills, and psychological stability necessary for personnel in modern combat. Therefore, the guiding principles of pedagogy are put in the basis of drill training. High combat training of officers, ensigns and sergeants is of decisive importance in achieving success in combat training, in the ability to exemplify the methods provided for by the Military Regulations and methodically correctly train subordinates. It is not enough for a commander to possess high methodological skills, good theoretical training and practical skills, it is also important for him to be able to intensify the cognitive activity of his subordinates, and this can be achieved by improving the quality of drill training, instilling creative thinking in soldiers and assisting in mastering the most rational techniques in the course of training. The commander must constantly remember that the foundations of training are best laid from the first days of study. It was at this time that a certain order was developed and then turned into a habit in the study of combat techniques, as well as actions with weapons and equipment. It is known that the limits of human knowledge are relative, therefore it is necessary to ensure that subordinates are not embarrassed by today's ignorance (inability). After all, it is not the one who, not knowing, who seeks answers and knowledge, deserves blame, but the one who does not know, but pretends to know. Assimilation is understanding plus memorization, and mastery of knowledge is assimilation plus application of knowledge in practice. In training, it is very important to link the known with the unknown, theory with practice, and establish the most effective forms and methods of drill training.
It is also very important that each combat lesson be carried out against the background of comparability of results with an increase in the spirit of competition. This creates the necessary prerequisites for the rapid assimilation of the studied material.
Each drill lesson should be a new step in improving the drill skills of subunits. The depth of the knowledge gained at the same time and the strength of the skills largely depend on the skillfully chosen methods of teaching and training carried out during the classes. Intensity, continuity of action with full effort - these are the requirements for military exercises today. Practice shows that a high level of combat training of military personnel can be achieved: by purposeful and correct planning of drill training, clear organization and methodically correct conduct of all classes; conscious study and subsequent improvement of techniques by each serviceman in strict accordance with the requirements of the Combat Regulations; regular briefings, instructor-methodical, demonstrative and planned drill training; improving skills in drill training in all classes, during construction and movement in everyday life; independent training of military personnel in combat techniques; constant control and high demands on the part of commanders of all levels to the implementation of the provisions of the Combat Regulations by all military personnel.

Combat Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
This Statute defines combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons; formation of divisions and military units on foot and in vehicles; the procedure for performing a military greeting, conducting a drill review; the position of the Battle Banner of the military unit in the ranks, the procedure for the joint removal and removal of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit; the duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks and the requirements for their drill training, as well as the methods of movement of military personnel on the battlefield and actions in the event of a surprise attack by the enemy. All military personnel of military units, ships, military command and control bodies, enterprises, institutions, organizations and military educational institutions of vocational education of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as military units) are guided by the combat charter.
The Charter applies to servicemen of other troops, military formations and bodies created in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as to citizens called up for military training.

GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. BUILD AND MANAGE THEM
1. Line - the placement of military personnel, subunits and military units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.
2. Rank - a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.
Line of cars - a system in which cars are placed one next to the other on the same line.
3. Flank - the right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.
4. Front - the side of the formation, in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part).
5. The back side of the formation is the side opposite the front.
6. Interval - the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.
7. Distance - the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.
8. Width of formation - the distance between the flanks.
9. Depth of formation - the distance from the first line (a soldier standing in front) to the last line (behind a standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (a vehicle standing in front) to the last line of vehicles (behind a standing vehicle).
10. A two-rank formation is a formation in which servicemen of one rank are located in the back of the head of a serviceman of another rank at a distance of one step (an outstretched hand placed with a palm on the shoulder of a standing serviceman). The ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.
A row - two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head one another. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete.
When turning the two-rank formation around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank.
11. One-rank and two-rank systems can be closed or open.
In close formation, military personnel in ranks are located along the front from one another at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.
In an open formation, servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.
12. Column - a system in which the military personnel are located at the back of the head to each other, and the units (vehicles) - one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.
Columns can be one, two, three, four or more.
Columns are used to build subunits and military units in a deployed or marching formation.
13. Deployed formation - a formation in which subunits are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-rank formation (in a line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander.
The deployed system, as a rule, is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.
14. Marching formation - a formation in which a subunit is built in a column or subunits in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.
The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.
15. Guide - a serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the military personnel (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide.
Trailing - a soldier (unit, car), moving last in the column.
16. The formation is controlled by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, and also transmitted using technical and mobile means.
Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and designated observers.
Management in the car is carried out by commands and orders given by voice and by means of intercom.
In the ranks, the senior commander is located where it is more convenient for him to command. The rest of the commanders give commands, remaining in the places established by the Charter or the senior commander.
The commanders of subunits from a company and above in the march formation of a battalion and regiment are allowed to go out of action only to issue commands and check their execution.
17. The team is divided into preliminary and executive; commands can be and only executive.
The preliminary command is given clearly, loudly and lingeringly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them.
On any preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance.
When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated.
For example: "Machine guns on - CHEST". "Machine guns on re-MEN", etc.
The executive command (printed in large print in the Charter) is given after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out.
In order to attract the attention of a unit or individual serviceman, the preliminary command, if necessary, calls the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the serviceman.
For example: "Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP". "Private Petrov, circle GOM."
When giving commands, the voice should be commensurate with the width and depth of the system, and the report should be pronounced clearly, without a sharp increase in voice.
18. Signals for the control of the formation and signals for the control of the machine are specified in appendices 3 and 4 to this Charter.
If necessary, the commander can assign additional signals to control the formation.
19. Commands relating to all units are accepted and immediately executed by all unit commanders and commanders (senior) of vehicles.
When a command is transmitted by a signal, the "ATTENTION" signal is preliminarily given, and if the command refers to only one of the units, then a signal indicating the number of this unit is given.
Readiness to accept a command by a signal is also indicated by the signal "ATTENTION".
Receipt of a signal is confirmed by repeating it or by giving an appropriate signal to your unit.
20. To cancel or terminate the execution of the reception, the command "STOP" is given. This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.
21. During training, it is allowed to perform the drill techniques specified in the Charter and move through divisions, as well as with the help of preparatory exercises.
For example: "Assault rifle on the chest, according to divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO, do - THREE." "To the right, along the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO."
22. When forming national teams, they are drilled into units.
For calculation, military personnel line up in a single-rank or two-rank system and are calculated according to the general numbering, as indicated in Art. 85 of this Charter. After that, depending on the size of the team, a calculation is made sequentially for companies, platoons and squads, and the commanders of these subunits are appointed.
To participate in parades, as well as in other cases, a unit, by order of the commander, may form a common column of three, four or more. In this case, the construction is carried out, as a rule, by growth.
23. The construction of units is carried out by the command "STAND", before which the order of construction is indicated.
For example: "Squad, in one line - STAND".
On this command, the serviceman must quickly take his place in the ranks, dial the established interval and distance, and take a combat stance.
24. When submitting commands for subdivisions of military branches and special forces, instead of the names "department", "platoon", "company", "battalion" and "regiment", the names of subunits and military units adopted in the branches of service and in special troops of the types of the Armed Force.

drill stand
27. The combat stance (fig.) is accepted by the command "STAND" or "QUIETLY". At this command, stand straight, without tension, put the heels together, align the socks along the front line, placing them on the width of the foot; straighten the legs at the knees, but do not strain; lift the chest, and the whole body slightly forward; pick up the stomach; expand shoulders; lower your hands so that the hands, palms facing inward, are on the side and in the middle of the thighs, and the fingers are half-bent and touch the thigh; keep your head high and straight, without exposing your chin; look straight ahead; be ready for immediate action.
A combat stance on the spot is also accepted without a command: when giving and receiving an order, when reporting, during the performance of the National Anthem of the Russian Federation, when performing a military greeting, as well as when giving commands.
28. On the command "FREE", become free, loosen the right or left leg at the knee, but do not move, do not weaken your attention and do not talk.
At the command "REFILL", without leaving your place in the ranks, fix your weapons, uniforms and equipment. If you need to get out of order, ask your immediate supervisor for permission.
Before the command "REFUEL", the command "LONG" is given.
29. To remove headgear, the command "Headwear (headwear) - REMOVE", and for putting on - "Headwear (headwear) - PUT ON". If necessary, single military personnel take off their hats and put them on without a command.
The removed headdress is held in the left freely lowered hand with a cockade forward (Fig. 2).
Without weapons or with weapons in the "behind the back" position, the headgear is removed and put on with the right hand, and with weapons in the "on the belt", "on the chest" and "at the foot" positions - with the left. When removing the headgear with a carbine in the "shoulder" position, the carbine is first taken to the leg.

Turns in place
30. Turns on the spot are performed according to the commands: "Direct-IN", "Half-turn right-IN", "Nale-IN", "Half-turn left-IN", "Kru-GOM".
Turns in a circle (for 1/2 circle), to the left (for 1/4 circle), half a turn to the left (for 1/8 circle) are made towards the left hand on the left heel and on the right toe; to the right and half a turn to the right - towards the right hand on the right heel and on the left toe. Turns are performed in two steps: the first step is to turn around, maintaining the correct position of the body, and, without bending the legs at the knees, transfer the weight of the body to the front leg;
the second technique is to put the other leg in the shortest way.

Motion
31. Movement is done by walking or running.
Movement in steps is carried out at a pace of 110-120 steps per minute. Step size - 70-80 cm.
Running is carried out at a pace of 165-180 steps per minute. Step size - 85-90 cm.
The step is drill and marching.
The drill step is used when passing units in a solemn march; when they perform a military greeting on the move; when a serviceman approaches the commander and when leaving him; upon failure and return to duty, as well as in drill training.
The marching step is applied in all other cases.
32. Movement in marching step begins at the command "Command step - MARCH" (in the movement "Commander - MARCH"), and movement in marching step - on the command "Step - MARCH".

On a preliminary command, move the body forward a little, transfer its weight more to the right leg, while maintaining stability; on the executive command, start moving with the left foot with a full step.
When moving with a drill step (Fig. 3), take the leg with the toe pulled forward to a height of 15-20 cm from the ground and place it firmly on the entire foot.
With hands, starting from the shoulder, make movements near the body: forward - bending them at the elbows so that the hands rise above the belt buckle to the width of the palm and at a distance of the palm from the body, and the elbow is at the level of the hand; back - to failure in the shoulder joint. The fingers are bent, keep the head straight, look in front of you.
When moving with a marching step, take the leg out freely, without pulling the toe, and put it on the ground, as in normal walking; hands to make free movements around the body.
When moving at a marching step, at the command "AT ATTENTION", go to a combat step. When moving with a marching step, on the command "FREE", go at a marching step.
33. Running movement begins at the command "Running - MARCH".
When moving from a place on a preliminary command, the body is slightly forward, the arms are half-bent, moving the elbows slightly back; on the executive command, start running with the left foot, make free movements with your hands back and forth in time with the run.
To move from step to run, on a preliminary command, half-bend your arms, pulling your elbows back a little. The executive command is given simultaneously with the setting of the left foot on the ground. On this command, take a step with your right foot and start running with your left foot.
To switch from running to step, the command "Step - MARCH" is given. The executive command is given simultaneously with the right foot on the ground. On this command, take two more steps running and start walking with your left foot.

34. The designation of a step in place is made by the command "In place, step - MARCH" (in motion - "IN PLACE").
According to this command, the step is indicated by raising and lowering the legs, while raising the leg 15-20 cm from the ground and placing it on the entire foot, starting from the toe; make movements with your hands to the beat of the step (Fig. 4). On the command "DIRECT", given simultaneously with the placement of the left foot on the ground, take another step with the right foot in place and start moving with the left foot in full step. In this case, the first three steps should be drill.
35. A command is given to stop the movement.
For example: "Private Petrov - STOP."
According to the executive command, given simultaneously with the placement of the right or left foot on the ground, take one more step and, putting the foot down, take a combat stance.
36. To change the speed of movement, the following commands are given: "WIDE STEP", "SHORT STEP", "MORE STEP", "LESS STEP", "HALF STEP", "FULL STEP".
37. To move single soldiers a few steps to the side, a command is given.
For example: "Private Petrov. Two steps to the right (left), one step - MARCH."
On this command, take two steps to the right (left), placing a foot after each step.
A command is given to move forward or backward a few steps.
For example: "Two steps forward (backward), one step - MARCH."
On this command, take two steps forward (back) and put your foot.
When moving to the right, left and back, the movement of the hands is not performed.

Turns in motion
38. Turns in motion are performed according to the commands: "Direct-IN", "Half-turn right-IN", "Nale-IN", "Half-turn left-IN", "Round - MARCH".
To turn right, half a turn to the right (left, half a turn to the left), the executive command is given simultaneously with the right (left) foot on the ground. On this command, take a step from the left (right) foot, turn on the toe of the left (right) foot, simultaneously with the turn, move the right (left) foot forward and continue moving in a new direction.
To turn around, the executive command is given simultaneously with the right foot on the ground. On this command, take one more step with the left foot (a count of times), move the right foot half a step forward and slightly to the left, and, turning sharply towards the left hand on the toes of both feet (two counts), continue to move with the left foot in a new direction (for a count of three).
When turning, the movement of the hands is made to the beat of the step.
The drill step is one of the most complex and difficult to learn drill techniques, the implementation of which requires trainees to be especially collected, smart, precise, coordinated movement of arms and legs.
The drill step is used when subunits pass in a solemn march, when they salute on the move, when a serviceman approaches and leaves his commander, when he breaks down and returns to duty, as well as in drill exercises.
The sequence of learning to move with a marching step is recommended as follows:
- training in the movement of hands;
- training in the designation of a step on the spot;
- training in motion with a front step for four counts;
- training in movement with a drill step for two counts;
- training in motion with a drill step at a slow pace (50-60 steps per minute);
- training in motion with a drill step at a statutory pace (110-120 steps per minute) according to the marking of the drill site;
- general training in marching along the parade ground without marking;
- receiving invoices.
Having told about the use of the combat step, the commander proceeds to learn it with the squad. Learning to move with a marching step, like every new technique, should begin with an exemplary demonstration and explanation. It is recommended to learn the drill step by elements, using preparatory exercises for this. Having shown the movement with a drill step as a whole, the squad leader shows the first preparatory exercise in divisions - the movement of the arms, and then gives the command "Movement of the arms, do it - ONE, do it - TWO." According to the "do - ONCE" count, the soldiers must bend their right arm at the elbow, moving it from the shoulder near the body so that the hand rises above the belt buckle to the width of the palm and is at a palm's distance from the body; at the same time, pull the left arm back until failure in the shoulder joint. The fingers should be bent, and the elbow of the right hand should be slightly raised. According to the "do - TWO" count, the trainees must move the left hand forward, and the right hand, starting from the shoulder, back to failure. After each count, the commander holds the position of the trainees' hands and corrects their mistakes. If the reception is incorrectly performed by the majority of the soldiers of the squad, he gives the command "STOP", and if only one soldier makes mistakes, he gives the command, for example, "Private Ivanov - STOP". After learning the preparatory exercise for the hands in divisions at the command of the commander, you can proceed to training at the expense of the soldiers themselves or under the drum.
To complicate this exercise, the designation of a step in place is subsequently added to it (Fig. 7).

After mastering the correct position of the hands, the squad leader proceeds to study the next preparatory exercise-movement with a drill step in divisions into four and two counts.
Having shown the preparatory exercise for divisions into four counts, the commander opens the squad for four steps and, turning it to the right, commands: "Combat step, by divisions into four counts, step - MARCH": "ONE, two, three, four: ONE, two , three, four", etc. The count of "times" is pronounced loudly. On the preliminary command "Step", the soldiers of the squad move the body forward somewhat, transferring the weight of the body more to the right leg and maintaining a stable position (Fig. 8, a). According to the executive command "March" and according to the count "one", they start moving from the left foot, with a full step, bringing the leg forward with the toe extended (while the foot should be parallel to the ground) to a height of 15-20 cm from the ground (Fig. 8, b), and put it firmly on the entire foot, at the same time lifting the right leg off the ground with pulling it half a step forward to the heel of the left leg (Fig. 8, c). Simultaneously with the step, the trainees move their right hand forward, and the left back to failure (as indicated in the first preparatory exercise) and stand on their left foot with their arms down, their right leg straight, with their toes almost at the very ground. According to the account "two, three, four" they make an excerpt.

On the next count, “one”, the movement is repeated, but from the right foot, and on the count of “two, three, four”, exposure is again, etc. After practicing the preparatory exercise for four counts, the squad leader repeats the same movement for two counts, for which gives the command "Combat step, by division into two counts, step - MARCH" and counts: "One, two: one, two", etc. Under the count of "one" a step forward is performed, under the count of "two" - excerpt . If the soldiers of the squad make mistakes, the exercise should be repeated again for four counts. Then the squad leader begins to learn to move with a drill step at a pace of 50-60 steps per minute, followed by an increase in the rate of movement to 110-120 steps per minute. To correct mistakes, it is recommended to move from the full pace of movement with a marching step to movement in divisions into four or two counts. During the training of the department in the performance of the technique as a whole, it is necessary to strictly maintain the pace of movement of 110-120 steps per minute. The squad leader, being in the center of the construction site, gives commands. If he notices a general mistake, he stops the branch, turns it to face him and, having shown how to do it, continues the training. If only one soldier makes a gross mistake, the squad leader takes him a step to the side, stands next to him and corrects the mistake on the go. Training by divisions and in general can be carried out on commands and at the expense of the commander, independently at the expense of trainees, as well as under the drum. When learning to move with a marching step, it is necessary to ensure that the soldiers do not sway from side to side when moving. The reason for the swing is the incorrect positioning of the legs during movement: instead of placing the legs with the inside of the feet along the axis of movement, they put them to the sides, while the center of gravity of the body shifts to the right or to the left with each step. If a soldier seems to bounce while moving with a marching step, he needs to point out his mistake and demand that he transfer the weight of the body from foot to foot evenly, and not jerkily. It is impossible to allow skidding of one leg after the other when moving. After eliminating all the shortcomings, they move on to training the movement with a drill step in the ranks of the squad (platoon).
At the end of the training in marching movement, the squad leader accepts a credit from each trainee.
Before studying turns in motion, it is advisable to work out the movement in steps and running, changing the speed of movement, stopping movement. Normal walking speed is 110-120 steps per minute, step size is 70-80 cm. Normal running speed is 165-180 steps per minute, step size is 85-90 cm.
To start running, the command "Run - MARCH" is given. When starting to run from a place, the trainee, on a preliminary command, should slightly move the body forward, half-bent his arms, take his elbows back a little, and, on the executive command, start running from his left foot, making free movements of his hands forward and backward to the beat of running. Running training begins with showing and mastering his technique at a slow pace. Demonstrating the running technique, the commander pays attention to the position of the body and the movement of the arms, the push with the foot, bringing it forward and placing it on the ground. After the show, trainees, at the command of the commander, run in a column one at a time around the construction site, keeping a distance of four steps. The commander, being in the center, observes their run, monitoring the correct execution of individual elements, pointing out errors and seeking to eliminate them. To move from step to run, on a preliminary command, the arms must be half-bent, moving the elbows slightly back. The executive command is given by the commander at the same time as the soldier puts his left foot on the ground. On this command, he takes another step with his right foot and starts running at normal speed with his left foot. To switch from running to step, the command "Step - MARCH" is given. The executive command is given simultaneously with the right foot on the ground. At this command, you need to take two more steps running and, with your left foot on the ground, start moving in steps. If it is necessary to move from stepping (running) to stepping (running) on ​​the spot, the command "ON THE PLACE" is given abruptly and clearly. The commander in front of the formation shows a step in place as a whole and by division with an explanation: a step in place is indicated by raising and lowering the legs; the leg must be raised 15-20 cm from the ground and placed on the ground from the front of the foot to the entire track; hands to move to the beat of the step. After that, he starts teaching. Learning to step on the spot is done by splitting into two counts on the command: "Step designation on the spot, by splits, do - ONE, do - TWO." According to the "do - ONCE" count, raise the left leg, while moving with the right hand so that its hand rises above the waist belt buckle to the width of the palm and to the distance of the width of the palm from the body, and pull the left arm back to failure in the shoulder joint. According to the account "do - TWO", put the left foot on the ground from the front of the foot to the entire track. Lower your arms, hands on the side and in the middle of the hips. By repeating the command, the described positions of the right and left legs (arms) are alternately worked out. In this case, special attention is paid to the position of the hands and the observance of the combat stance. If the trainee makes mistakes while performing the techniques, then the training should be continued until the noted shortcomings are eliminated. Training is carried out on the command "On the spot step - MARCH". When moving from a step in place to a step, the command "DIRECT" is given simultaneously with the placement of the left foot on the ground. At this command, the trainee takes another step in place and begins to move with his left foot at a full pace. On the command "Run on the spot - MARCH", the trainee performs a run on the spot, putting his feet on the front of the foot and moving his arms to the beat of the run. On the command "Straight", given simultaneously with the placement of the left foot on the ground while running, it is necessary to take another step with the right foot while running in place and start moving forward with the left foot. Having shown the technique of walking and running, moving from step to run and vice versa, talking about it and explaining the requirements of the Combat Regulations for their implementation, the commander begins to train the learned techniques and actions. After making sure that the majority of trainees have correctly mastered the technique of walking and running, the commander, pointing out the shortcomings to individual trainees, sets the task of eliminating them during extracurricular time, and he himself proceeds to explain and demonstrate the implementation of methods for changing the speed of movement. To change the speed of movement, the following commands are given: "WIDER STEP", "SHORT STEP", "MORE STEP", "RE-SAME". "HALF STEP", FULL STEP". To take a few steps to the side in the ranks on the spot, a command is given, for example: "Two steps to the right (left), step - MARCH"; while putting the foot after each step. To move forward or back a few steps, a command is given, for example: "Two steps forward (backward), one step - MARCH". At this command, they take two steps forward (backward) and put their foot forward. When moving to the right, left and back, the movement of the hands is not performed. For to stop the movement, commands are given, for example: "Squad - STOP", "Private Petrov - STOP". According to the executive command given simultaneously with the right or left foot on the ground, you need to take one more step and, putting your foot down, take the position "Attention" .

Even those who did not serve in the army have heard about the army order. You won’t surprise anyone with stories about soldiers marching all day, cleaning floors with a toothbrush, and sweeping the parade ground with a crowbar. Most people believe that these procedures are absolutely meaningless. Let's see why drill training is needed and whether it is worth using it in business.

What is drill training

Drilling is the repeated repetition of the same orders with bringing their implementation to automatism. Now we will not delve into the army specifics of drill training. It is important for us to know that the essence of the drill is very simple - to teach a soldier to follow orders on automatism, that is.

Why combat training is needed

In fact, drill training is not a Russian invention. Its history goes back to the distant past, in those days when they began to form large army formations from forced people. The ancient warlords realized very quickly that it was possible to achieve effectiveness from people driven to fight against their will only through iron discipline. A soldier should not think, he should follow orders. And there shouldn't be any compromises.

What is business here

Any company sooner or later comes to the standardization of work processes. As a rule, this happens along with an increase in the number of employees. After the introduction of business processes, the company begins a constant struggle with its own staff, which is trying not to comply with the adopted regulations. In fact, these regulations are not implemented because the staff thinks too much, instead of just doing. If we add our Russian mentality to this, we get a wild mixture of sloppiness and irresponsibility. And there is only one way out, first to teach people to follow orders, then to teach them to carry out business processes, and then to accustom them to the values ​​of the company.

Perhaps many may think that this is harsh and cruel. Forcing people to do something against their will is inhumane. There are a lot of lovers of democratic tools such as, there are people who firmly believe in strength. But believe me, only the strength of executive discipline will help you achieve 100% fulfillment of the company's operational objectives.

Examples of drill training in business

Many companies may or may not deliberately drill their employees. Here it is important to adhere to some principles:

• All employees, including officers, must complete the Young Fighter Course (KMB). This means that any employee must go through all stages of career development and be able to do the work of their subordinates. And most importantly, the manager, if necessary, must be able to do the work of a subordinate and be ready to take his place.
• Performing simple work is necessary for a person to learn to follow the orders of command unconditionally and without hesitation. If a person is not ready to do a simple job, then he has no place in the company. I often had to observe how a candidate for the position of head of a department refused to work as salespeople for the first month. Personally, I immediately refuse such candidates, because I see no reason to take on such a position a person who is not ready to do the work of his subordinates.
• Without KMB, employees are not sent to combat conditions. Often, young employees are simply “plugged up holes”. This is fundamentally wrong and deadly for business. If there is an urgent need to “plug the hole”, then this should be done by the leader.
• Do not appoint external candidates to the positions of operational leaders (NCOs). This is a very important point. It is necessary that junior management be brought up in the company on their own. This will ensure that the values ​​of your company are preserved and that the continuity of generations is preserved.

I would like to note that large Western corporations build their branches on very similar principles. This helps to achieve good results. I would also like to note that one of the most common reasons for the ruin of a business in Russia is the weak discipline of the staff. I watched a picture of how an entrepreneur handed over a successfully operating business to the management of hired people, and they ruined it literally in a matter of months. Therefore, I recommend using drill training as one of the most important stages in building discipline in your company.