Information about Karelia presentation briefly. Presentation. Amazing natural corners of Russia. Karelia. Church in Kizhi

Topic: "Karelia will be a dream for a long time .."

“Karelia will dream for a long time ...” In different parts We leave a particle of the heart, In the memory carefully, Carefully, carefully keeping the meeting ... And now We could not help but fall in love - How not to love These incomparable lands! Karelia will be a dream for a long time: Will be dreaming from now on Eyelashes of spiky firs Above the blue eyes of the lakes. The white night Has silently descended on the rocks, The white glows, The white, white night all the way... And I don’t understand - Whether the sky has fallen into the lakes, And I don’t understand - Whether the lake floats in the sky ..

Geographical position. The Republic is located in the north-west of the European part of Russia, between the White Sea, Ladoga and Onega lakes. The length of the territory from north to south is 650 kilometers, from west to east - 250 kilometers. Karelia borders on Finland in the west, on the Leningrad and Vologda regions in the south, on the Arkhangelsk region in the east, and on the Murmansk region in the north. In the east it is washed by the White Sea, in the south - by the Ladoga and Onega lakes.

Relief. According to the relief, Karelia is divided into two parts: the western, occupied by the West Karelian Upland, and the eastern, lowland. If we consider the territory of the republic from a very high altitude, for example from space, then parallel dotted stripes are clearly visible, as if drawn along a ruler from northwest to southeast. Such stripes can be traced everywhere - both in the forest and in the swamp; bays and islands on lakes are "embedded" in them. These are traces of the movement of ancient glaciers that have repeatedly covered the north of Europe over the past hundreds of thousands of years. Some "dashes" of the bands are elongated hills smoothed by the glacier; most often, their northwestern ends are formed by ancient crystalline rocks, and the southeastern ones are formed by loose sand. Other "lines" are hollows plowed in the distant past by a glacier and now occupied by lakes and swamps.

Lake District. Karelia is truly a country of lakes. There are more than 40 thousand of them here, from small ones, several meters in diameter, to such huge ones as Ladoga and Onega. Lakes occupy about 20% of the total area of ​​the republic. The "blue eyes" of Karelia are its wealth. The lakes are clean, full of water, amazingly beautiful and, moreover, abound in fish. In Onega and Ladoga, they are engaged in industrial fishing: they catch pike perch, vendace, whitefish, burbot, smelt, perch. The shores of these lakes are very picturesque in the north, where they are indented by bays. Granite ledges processed and smoothed by the glacier divide the water area into deep and winding bays. Rocky islands and shores covered with pine forests create a unique landscape.

Waterfall Kivach. The Kivach waterfall is the second largest, after the Rhine, flat waterfall in Europe. The height of the water fall is 10.7 m. It is located on the Suna River in the central part of Karelia. The most famous waterfall in Karelia. With the light hand of G.R. Derzhavin, the first governor of Olonets and an outstanding poet, who dedicated the famous ode “Waterfall” to him in 1791, Kivach took a prominent place in the work of many poets, artists, prose writers.

Waterfall Kivach. The fate of this waterfall is quite unusual - after the withdrawal of part of the waters feeding it for the needs of the Kondopoga hydroelectric power station in the late 1930s, it largely lost its former savagery and subsided. Only during the spring floods does it awaken again, but not for long ... However, in its usual form, the waterfall is still beautiful. Compressed by basalt rocks, the waters of the Suna River from an eight-meter height fall down in a heavy cast stream, forming a powerful whirlpool in shreds of foam and creating an impressive noise.

Waterfall Kivach. Even 20-30 years ago, onega salmon could be seen near Kivach, but now, according to scuba divers, large breams, perches, and pikes like to stand near its steep walls. The waterfall is located in the center of the Kivach nature reserve, 60 km. from Petrozavodsk. A beautiful forest road leads to it, along which up to 30-40 thousand tourists annually come to meet it.

Karelian forests. Karelia is not only lakes and rivers, but also forests, pine and, less often, spruce. They grow almost everywhere and in 1996 they occupied about 54% of the territory of the republic. In recent decades, Karelia has become one of the largest suppliers of wood in Russia, and it is often exported in large quantities abroad. The wood of the northern forest is the most valuable, so the felling began from the north of the republic. Due to the numerous swamps, which sometimes stretch for more than a dozen kilometers, in the 30-50s. 20th century the forest in the region was felled mainly in winter. Sledges and cars loaded with timber moved along winter roads - roads laid in the snow - to the only railway line that crosses Karelia from north to south. This road, built in 1916, was single-track for a long time and could not pass a lot of cargo.

Karelian forests. In hilly areas, where there are no swamps, the forest immediately reduced almost completely. The turn of the swampy regions came when equipment appeared at the felling sites and work began to be carried out year-round. Mechanisms required roads; they began to pave with wood too. In swampy places, the trunks are laid across the future route, and the so-called sloping road, or sloping road, is obtained. It is suitable for operation for only a few years, but this is enough to cut down the forest without a trace. Often, in order to get to a wooded island among the swamps, it was necessary to lay out a whole log road - a gat. It’s good if trees of less valuable species were at hand: aspen, willow, birch, alder. However, in North Karelia the forests are almost exclusively pine. Sometimes up to half of the sawn forest was left on the gati.

Martial waters. The first Russian resort, founded by Peter I in 1719. Springs with water enriched with iron have a beneficial effect on health. Near the springs in a picturesque valley between two high ridges stands the Church of the Apostle Peter, built in 1721 for the holidaymakers of the resort. It contains chiseled candlesticks made by the hands of Peter I, an original iconostasis glorifying the victory of Russian weapons in the Northern War (painting from the first quarter of the 18th century), carved wooden sculpture and other elements of the church, preserved from Peter's time.

Population. The population of Karelia is small and in 1993 it was 800 thousand inhabitants on an area of ​​172 thousand km2. A few cities and towns in Karelia are located along the banks of rivers and lakes. The capital of the republic - Petrozavodsk is located on the shore of Lake Onega. In 1703, by decree of Peter the Great, ironworks and cannon factories were built here, and in 1777 the settlement received the status of a city. Before the revolution of 1917, Petrozavodsk was a provincial city, and during the years of Soviet power, it was the capital of first a union, then an autonomous republic. It is the largest city in Karelia in terms of population (about 280 thousand inhabitants) with a developed industry.

Economy. As of the end of 2006, industry accounted for 36.6%, trade - 14%, transport - 12.5%, construction - 8.2%, agriculture - 2.6%, communications - 1.6%. The most important industries are: logging, woodworking, pulp and paper, machine building, metalworking, building materials and energy. The leading branch of agriculture is animal husbandry, mainly dairy and beef cattle breeding, pig breeding, and poultry farming. Grow fodder crops. Fur farming, fishing.

Ladoga skerries.

The ensemble of the Kizhi Pogost is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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The Republic of Karelia is the land of lakes and rivers! Completed by: student of MAOU lyceum No. 21 4 "B" class Orchikova Tatiana Class teacher: Naumycheva Lyubov Vitalievna

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Have you been to Karelia, Where the grasses spread like a carpet, And where the lakes turn blue in the distance, Shimmering with silver. Where the waves of the boundless Ladoga are flying to the shore in bulk, The waterfalls tell us about unsolved mysteries. Where the bronze pines stood like an impenetrable wall... Have you ever been to Karelia? Not? So travel with me! I.I. Shishkin. Balaam. A.I. Kuindzhi. Ladoga lake.

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The Republic of Karelia is located in the northwestern part of Russia, in the taiga - a zone of coniferous forests. The western side of Karelia on the border of the Russian Federation and Finland. In the east, Karelia borders on the Arkhangelsk region, in the south - on the Vologda and Leningrad regions, in the north - on the Murmansk region. It is washed by the White Sea in the northeast.

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Flag of the Republic of Karelia The flag of the Republic of Karelia consists of three equal horizontal stripes - red, blue and green. The red color in it symbolizes the spilled blood, Blue - the Karelian rivers and lakes, Green - the forests of Karelia.

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Coat of arms of Karelia The coat of arms of the Republic of Karelia is a shield of the Varangian type. Against the background of the flag of Karelia, an angry, black bear standing in profile is depicted. The golden frame of the shield is an image of spruce and pine. At the top of the shield is an eight-pointed golden star, symbolizing eternity, prosperity and happiness.

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Anthem of the Republic of Karelia Composer: A. Beloborodov. Authors of the text: Armas Mishin and Ivan Kostin Native land - Karelia! Ancient wise land. Fraternal tribes are one family, Karelia! Ring, lakes, and sing, taiga! Native land, you are dear to me. High on your hills I stand And I sing a song for your glory. Native land - Karelia! You are forever given to me by fate. Hello forever, my country, Karelia! Heroes of epics among the forests and mountains They still live on our land. Go, song! Kantele, sing louder In the name of the holy Karelian land! Native land - Karelia! Runes and epics melody alive. I see your radiant dawn, Karelia! I see your radiant dawn, Karelia!

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The city of Petrozavodsk is the capital of the Republic of Karelia In 1703, the great Russian Tsar Peter I created a factory in these parts to melt cannons. The city of Petrozavodsk is located on the shores of Lake Onega.

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Sights of the Republic of Karelia Karelia is popular among TOURISTS There are 27 thousand RIVERS and about 60 thousand LAKES on the territory of the Republic of Karelia. This is the FIRST RESORT in Russia, founded in 1719. decree of Peter I

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A section of the lower Suna River, now dehydrated by the construction of a dam. In this area, once there were grandiose rapids-waterfalls Girvas and Poor-threshold. Until now, only the Kivach waterfall (10 m) has survived, which is now the second largest flat waterfall in Europe. Waterfall Kivach

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The highest point of western Karelia is Vottovaara. Another name for the mountain is "Death Mountain". This mountain keeps many secrets: numerous "seids" (stone structures), bizarre trees, a stone pool, circular masonry of stones, a staircase "carved" in the rock. Vottovaara is the most mysterious mountain in Karelia.

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Lake Ladoga is the largest freshwater lake in Europe. Located on the territory of Karelia and the Leningrad region. 32 rivers flow into Lake Ladoga, and only one flows out of it - the Neva. Many rivers connect Ladoga with other lakes, so through the Svir River - with Onega. The lake is rich in islands. These are the famous Ladoga skerries - the most beautiful necklace of islands, which are separated by straits and channels.

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Valaam - the largest ISLAND in Lake Ladoga - historical and architectural natural museum reserve. The village of Valaam and the Valaam Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery are located on the island. The monastery is one of the main shrines of Orthodoxy. The history of its origin goes back to the 1st century, when Andrew the First-Called visited Valaam.

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Natural wonders of Karelia: Ruskeala marble canyon. In Karelia, in the village of Ruskeala, on the banks of the Tokhmajoki River, there is a mountain park "Ruskeala". The main attraction of this park is the amazingly beautiful marble canyon. Stretched in length for almost 500 meters and a width of 100 meters. The Tokhmajoki River is one of the largest tributaries of Lake Ladoga. It has many rapids and waterfalls. The largest of them is the Ahvenkoski waterfall. The name of the waterfall is Finnish, but among the locals there is a name “waterfall at three bridges”.

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Lake Onega is considered the second largest in Europe after Ladoga. Almost fifty rivers carry their waters to Lake Onega, and only one flows out of it - the Svir River. There are more than 1.5 thousand islands in Lake Onega. On the shores of the lake there are several dozen marinas, as well as ports.

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Kizhi Island is the main attraction of Lake Onega. The State Historical, Architectural and Ethnographic Museum-Reserve is called “Kizhi”. There are 89 monuments of wooden architecture on its territory. The center of the island is the Kizhi churchyard, consisting of the summer 22-domed Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, the winter 9-domed Church of the Intercession of the Virgin and a hipped bell tower. It is amazing that all this was built without a single nail. Kizhi Pogost is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

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Karelia

geography teacher

Northern lights

• This is really a sparkling multi-colored radiance in the sky. A typical aurora borealis looks like a shining curtain, iridescent blue-green lights with splashes of red and pink.

• The northern lights occur on Earth, but are caused by processes occurring on the Sun.

• In Karelia, polar lights are not only in winter, but also in early autumn.

Karelia located on a plain, within the Baltic Shield. The territory is covered with dark coniferous taiga

« Lamb foreheads."

freshwater lake in Europe. Its maximum depth is 127 meters. The lake has a glacial-tectonic origin. 50 rivers flow into it, and only the Svir flows out. Storms are frequent at sea. The height of the waves at the same time reaches 2.5 meters.

Very picturesque small forest lakes, called here lambs or lamboks.

Paanajärve is a typical tectonic lake , stretched out in a narrow ribbon (width-1.5 km, length - 24 km) among the hills of northwestern Karelia. Its depth is 131 meters. This is Karelian Baikal.

Reserve of Karelia - "Kivach"

In the very heart of the republic, in its Kondopoga region, there is the first protected reserve in Karelia - "Kivach". It was formed in the 30s of the last century. The flora of "Kivach" is represented by more than 600 species of various plants, and the fauna includes more than 300 species. The territory of "Kivach" also has its own water resources - the Suna River, which has more than fifty waterfalls and rapids.

Flora of Karelia

• The pearls of the Karelian forests are relic pine forests. Upstairs, pines are rustling, below are lingonberry and blueberry bushes. In such forests, a white mushroom is not a rare guest.

• In contrast, spruce forests are dark, mysterious. So it seems that a bear is standing behind that Christmas tree and sniffing at strangers ...

slide 19. Lake Onega, Onego - the second largest freshwater lake in Europe. Its maximum depth is 127 meters. The lake has a glacial-tectonic origin. 50 rivers flow into it, and only the Svir flows out. Storms are frequent at sea. The height of the waves at the same time reaches 2.5 meters.

Slide 19 . Very picturesque small forest lakes , called here lambs or lamboks. In some, the water has a brownish-red tint; the bottom is no longer visible for half a meter. In others, the water is crystal clear, it seems that you can reach out your hand and reach the bottom. It is quiet and calm here, there are no high waves.

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Slide 1. Karelia is one of the most beautiful places in Russia, located in the northwest of the country, on the Karelian Isthmus.

Slide 3-4. This is the edge of the white nights.

White nights come in the Arctic Circle. At this time, evening twilight turns into morning and darkness does not come. Beyond the Arctic Circle, the white nights precede the polar day. On a white night in the house you can read without turning on the lights.

Slide 5. This is the land of the northern lights

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slide 22. The rivers are fast and swift.

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Slide 24-25. Waterfall Kivach on the Suna River

slide26. Winter in Karelia

slide 27. The pearls of the Karelian forests are relic pine forests. Upstairs, pines are rustling, below are lingonberry and blueberry bushes. In such forests, a white mushroom is not a rare guest.

In contrast, spruce forests are dark, mysterious. So it seems that a bear is standing behind that Christmas tree and sniffing at strangers ...

slide 28. This is the first resort in Russia, founded by Peter I. The healing mineral water of its sources has no equal in the world in terms of iron content.

slide 29. On one of the islands of Lake Onega there is a historical and architectural museum-reserve KIzhi. The main value is the 22nd Transfiguration Church, a masterpiece of wooden architecture, built in 1714. The height of the church is 35m. Most of it was built without the use of nails. Twenty-two chapters have different sizes

slide 6. Karelia is located on a plain, within the Baltic Shield.

Slide 7. Rock ledges are found everywhere and are of the most ancient age: Archean and Proterozoic.

The territory of Karelia rises to 300-400 meters above sea level, but altitudes from 100 to 300 meters prevail.

But the slopes of the hills are steep, saturated with large debris. This gives the relief the character of a mountain. These places are sometimes called Karelian Switzerland.

Slide 8. The highest point of the mountain NUORUNEN 577m.

Slide In the Cenozoic era, an ancient glacier worked on the relief and greatly changed it. As a result, moraine ridges, eskers, kams, and lake basins appeared in many places.

Slide 9-12. Lamb foreheads, various shapes.

Slide 13-14. Karelia is a country of granite.

Embankments are made of Karelian granite

and many monuments of St. Petersburg

Slide 15 and the unique park complex "Ruskeala". Its main feature is an extensive white marble quarry. It's unusual. The mineral was actively used in the decoration of the most famous architectural buildings of the city on the Neva. Even in the St. Petersburg metro you can find this rare and unusual stone.

Slide 16. Karelia has over 61 thousand lakes, which are mainly of glacial origin. The number of lakes per 1,000 km² area Karelia ranks first among the regions of the planet.

slide 17. Lake Ladoga - Ladoga. The ancient name is Nebo. It is the largest freshwater lake in Europe. The maximum depth is 230m. It has a glacial-tectonic origin. 35 rivers flow in, and only one Neva flows out. Along Ladoga, the path passed “from the Varangians to the Greeks”, from Scandinavia to Byzantium. The "Road of Life" during the Great Patriotic War saved thousands of people.