The value of the forest in nature and human life. What gives us the forest? What gives us the forest project

Objectives: To form knowledge about the characteristics of trees of different species; To form knowledge about the features of trees of different species; Understand what is the beauty and value of each tree; Understand what is the beauty and value of each tree; Show the inseparable connection and importance of the forest in human life; Show the inseparable connection and importance of the forest in human life; Cultivate love and respect for nature. Cultivate love and respect for nature.

Russian forest There is nothing nicer Wandering and thinking here. Heal, warm, Feed the Russian forest. And there will be a thirst to torment, Then a forest man will show me among the thickets of prickly trees. Mountain ash awaits us in the forest, Nuts and flowers, Fragrant raspberries On thick bushes. I'm looking for mushrooms in a clearing, not sparing my feet, And if I get tired, I'll sit down on a stump. Life seems different, And the heart does not hurt, When above the head Like eternity, the forest rustles.

They are necessary for feeding animals and humans: ASPEN - a hare gnaws on aspen in winter, since its bark contains 10% fat. CEDAR - pine nuts - a favorite food for bears, squirrels, wild boars and sables. BIRCH - birch sap is good for human health. OAK - oak fruits are eaten by birds, cattle. Linden is the queen of the Ussuri honey plants, the main value is linden honey, linden oil.

FOREST is our wealth! FOREST is the green dress of our Earth. Where the forest is always clean air. FOREST is a home for animals and birds. FOREST is a pantry that generously gives its gifts: nuts, mushrooms, berries. FOREST is furniture, paper, industry. FOREST is a "green pharmacy". In order for a person to receive values ​​from the forest, he must protect it and protect it!

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The creative name of the project: The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it.

The purpose of the project: the formation of environmental literacy of students. Project Objectives: To introduce students to the meaning of the forest. Consider environmental problems in the forest belt that arise through the fault of man. To teach students to formulate educational tasks, to choose ways of activity. Learn to select information from various sources (including the Internet) and systematize it. Develop public presentation skills.

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"Brainstorming" (the formation of student research topics) - 1 lesson, 15 minutes. Formation of groups for conducting research, putting forward hypotheses for solving problems - 1 lesson, 20 minutes. Choosing a creative name for the project (together with students) -2 lesson, 10 minutes. Discussing the work plan of students individually or in a group - 2nd lesson, 15 minutes. Discussion with schoolchildren of possible sources of information - 3rd lesson, 20 minutes.

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Stages and terms of the project:

Independent work of students to discuss the task of each in a group - 3 lessons, 10 minutes. Independent work of groups to complete tasks - 4, 5, 6 lessons. Preparing a presentation by schoolchildren on a report on the work done - lesson 7, 20 minutes. Protection of the results and conclusions - 8 lesson, 20 minutes.

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Topic of the educational project: What does the forest give to a person?

Fundamental question: What gives the forest to man? Problem questions: Where and why do forests grow in Russia? What is the importance of the forest in human life? Where do ecological forest problems come from? Is man friend or foe of the forest? Subjects: the world around, literary reading. Participants: 4th grade students, Semyon Vorobyov, Gegham Asatryan, Darina Fatkullina, Olesya Samartseva.

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Problems (topics) of independent research of students:

“The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it” - Semyon Vorobyov. Ecological problems of the forest. - Asatryan Gegham. Is man friend or foe? - Samartseva Olesya. Where and why do forests grow in Russia? - Fatkullina Darina.

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Research presentation results:

Ecological competence of students on the topic of forest protection. Ability to work with information from different sources, to illustrate it. Develop observation. Build research skills.

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Project: What gives the forest to man?

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1. Where and why do forests grow in Russia?

Most of Russia is located in the forest zone, stretching from the eastern borders of the country to its western borders. In the northern part of the forest belt, where the surface of the earth receives less heat than the southern part, dense, impenetrable coniferous forests grow, which are called taiga. Cold-resistant tree species grow in the taiga: spruce, pine, fir, larch and cedar. To the south-west of the taiga, the surface of the earth receives more heat and moisture, so mixed forests grow there along with coniferous trees: birch, aspen, alder, willow, bird cherry, oak. The most powerful tree of these forests is the oak. Oaks are demanding on soil, heat, moisture, therefore they spread to the east only to the Ural Mountains. Broad-leaved forests and groves extend further south. In these forests grow: maple, ash, beech, elm, oak, linden, hawthorn, viburnum, wild rose, raspberry. Forests occupy more than half of the territory of Russia and constitute our main natural wealth.

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2. "The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it."

What is the importance of the forest in human life? There is nothing nicer We are waiting in the woods mountain ash, Wandering and thinking here, Nuts and flowers. Heals, warms, Fragrant raspberries Will feed the Russian forest. On thick bushes. And there will be a thirst to torment - Life seems different, Then a forest dweller And my heart does not hurt, Among the thickets of thorns When above my head, A spring will show. Like eternity, the forest is noisy. Significance of the forest: a pharmacy a source of clean water and food a source of wood a source of fuel a house for plants, animals, fungi a protector of air, water bodies, soil a place of rest

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3. Ecological problems of the forest.

Where do ecological forest problems come from? We came to the river to spend Sunday, And you can’t find a free place Near the river. Here they sit and there they sit: Sunbathing and eating, Resting as they want, Hundreds of adults and children. We walked along the bank And found a clearing. But on a sunny meadow Here and there - empty banks. And, as if to spite us, Even broken glass!

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Forest problems:

People try to preserve broad-leaved forests - there are very few of them. Back in the eighteenth century. By decree of Peter I, the felling of oak groves was prohibited in Russia. In the forest zone, hunting for fur-bearing animals and fishing on rivers and lakes are developed. However, uncontrolled hunting for fur-bearing animals led to a reduction in their numbers. Therefore, now hunting for many animals is limited or completely prohibited. The main problem of the forest zone is forest fires. A forest fire is very difficult to put out, especially in windy weather. After the fire, the forest begins to slowly die out. Children's fun with setting fire to dry grass very often turns into a tragedy for the forest. Attention! The forest is harmed by: Human pollution of the forest with food waste Deforestation Illegal hunting Fires

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Findings:

Forests in Russia grow in favorable conditions for them, which depend on heat, moisture, climatic conditions, soil properties, etc. The forest is important for humans as a source of health, clean air, and a habitat for animals. 3. Destruction of a forest by man for economic needs and through negligence can lead to an ecological catastrophe on Earth. Take care of the forest!

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Target: to acquaint with value of the forest in the nature and for the person.

Tasks:

• to consolidate the difference between taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests;
• to consider environmental problems in the forest belt arising through the fault of man;
• develop a cognitive interest in the study of nature;
• to cultivate respect and love for nature, a culture of behavior.

Equipment: map "Natural zones of Russia", multimedia textbook "The world around" for grade 4, a poster depicting a forest, cards.

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Organizational moment

Hello forest, dense forest,
Full of fairy tales and wonders!
What are you making noise about?
Dark, stormy night?
What are you whispering at dawn,
All in dew, as in silver?
Who is hiding in your wilderness?
What kind of animal? What bird?
Open everything, and do not hide:
You see - we are ours!

II. Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson

Teacher. The theme of our lesson is "hidden" in this poem. Which natural area are we going to today?

Students. The poem talks about the forest, which means that today we will again go to the forest zone.

III. Actualization of students' knowledge

- Before moving on to the study of a new topic, I would like to find out what you know about the forest zone.
- Show the forest zone on the map: taiga, mixed forest, broad-leaved forest.

A drawing competition “How I imagine the taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forest” is being held. Students comment on the drawings.
The teacher offers to listen to several messages about the inhabitants of the forest, prepared by students at home.
At the choice of the teacher, several students work on cards.

1) Write 2-3 food chains in the forest area.
2) Connect the trees and the forest in which they grow with arrows:

- And now we will solve the crossword puzzle.

1. What tree is the symbol of Russia?
2. A coniferous tree that sheds needles.
3. This animal has a spotted color, "whiskers" and tassels on the ears.
4. This animal can not only jump, but also fly.
5. Coniferous forest.
6. Coniferous tree with flat needles and cones sticking up.
7. Lives in the wilderness of the forest, both in summer and in winter, a diligent worker, a nosy forest carpenter.
8. Coniferous tree with short needles arranged one by one.
9. A tree with heart-shaped leaves.
10. Which bird distributes the fruits of the cedar pine?
11. Coniferous tree with a smooth yellow trunk. The needles are long, sitting in pairs.

Answer. Take care of the forest.

IV. Learning new material

– Today in the lesson we will talk about the protection of the forest, the role of the forest in people's lives and the role a person plays in the life of the forest.
The entire forest from the tops of the trees to the ground is inhabited by animals. And what a variety of plants! And all this lives together, is closely connected with each other and does a great job.
Group work. You need to choose forest animals (group I), forest plants (group II), flowers and berries (group III)

V. Reading a poem by S. Nikulina "Russian Forest"

There is nothing cuter
Wander and think here
Heal, warm
Feed the Russian forest.

And there will be a thirst to torment -
That's a lumberjack for me
Among the thickets of prickly
Show fontanel.

I'll bend down to drink to him -
And you can see everything to the bottom.
Water is flowing,

A mountain ash is waiting for us in the forest,
Nuts and flowers.
Fragrant raspberry
On thick bushes.

Looking for a field of mushrooms
I, not sparing the legs,
And if I get tired -
I swear on a stump!

The forest is very fond of pedestrians,
For them, he is theirs.
Here somewhere the goblin roams
With a green beard.

Life seems different
And my heart doesn't hurt
When over your head
Like eternity, the forest is noisy.

What kind of relationship is mentioned in this poem? (About the relationship between man and the forest.)
What role does the forest play in people's lives?

According to the answers of the students, the teacher writes down on the board the diagram “The meaning of the forest”.

Physical education minute

The deer has a big house.
He looks out his window
Bunny runs through the forest
There is a knock on his door:
"Knock knock, open the door,
There's an evil hunter in the forest."
"Bunny, bunny, run,
Give me a paw!”

VI. Teacher. Is a person always fair in relation to the forest? Isn't it his fault that the ecological problems of the forest arise? Listen to the conversation of the trees. "Oak and Rowan".

- Oh, Ryabinushka, rowanberry, why are you sad?
- I was, Oak, a fresh mountain ash, but I became a dry snag. They stripped me like sticky, butchered me like a nut. No berries, no twigs, no twigs - at least head into the fire. If only you stood up for me.
- What are you, Ryabinushka! I myself am such that they put more beautifully in a wood warehouse. All autumn they knocked acorns off me - they threshed with stones and sticks. The whole soul was shaken out. I was an oak, but I became a club.

VII. Group work

What environmental issues are we talking about?

I group

Sasha cried as the forest was cut down,
She is now sorry to tears.
How many curly birches there were!
There because of the old frowning spruce
Red clusters of viburnum looked.
There rose a young oak,
Birds reigned at the top of the forest,
All sorts of animals lurked below.
Suddenly men with axes appeared.
The forest rang, groaned, crackled.
The hare listened and ran away. (N. Nekrasov.)

What environmental issue is being discussed in the poem? (We are talking about deforestation.)

– Look at how wood harvesting is currently going on. (The picture "Logging") If earlier the forest was cut down as needed, with the help of an ax (which cannot destroy the forests), now after the work of the lumberjacks there are such pictures (showing photos). It seemed to people that there were a lot of forests, that it was impossible to cut them down. Now it became clear: the forests are in danger! This was understood by the girl Sasha from the poem by N. Nekrasov, she was sorry for the birds and animals left without a home. What feelings do the photos evoke in you? (Free statements of children). These photographs evoke different feelings, but I am glad that you are not indifferent to the fate of the forest, that you are concerned about the problem that has arisen - this means that you will look for ways to solve it. This is your homework.

II group

- Listen to V. Shefner's poem "Forest Fire":

Forgetful hunter at rest
He did not sweep, did not trample the fire.
He went into the forest, and the branches were burning down
And reluctantly smoked until the morning ...
And in the morning the wind dispersed the mists,
And the dying fire came to life.
And, pouring sparks in the middle of the clearing,
Crimson rags spread out.
He burned all the grass with flowers together,
He burned the bushes, went into the green forest.
Like a frightened flock of red squirrels,
He darted from barrel to barrel.
And the forest hummed from a fiery blizzard,
Trunks fell with a frosty crack,
And like snowflakes, sparks flew from them
Above the gray drifts of ash.

- What act of a person became a formidable disaster for the forest? (The man did not put out the fire, but, having flared up, it turned into a forest fire.)

- But this could not happen if a person followed the rules for making a fire and did not forget to put it out and make sure that the fire did not flare up again. You will have to draw up a memo “How to make a fire” at home for such unfortunate hunters and tourists.

III group

Have you seen swans being shot at?
Did you see them fall?
Tell me, if the birds knew
And if only they understood
That their farewell flight will be,
People will shoot them at dawn,
Say they wouldn't fly?

Students. This is about illegal hunting (poaching).

Teacher. Man has long killed animals to get his own food, but this was necessary for the survival of people. People began to kill even more than they could eat. Now immoderate hunting has led to the complete extermination of some animal species. Nowadays, hunting for forest animals is limited, and poaching is punishable by law. The following are listed in the Red Book:

• Plants: ginseng, lady's slipper.
• Beetles: corncrake beetle, stag beetle, relic woodcutter.
• Birds: eagle owl, mandarin duck.
• Animals: bison, Amur tiger.

We fill in the diagram.

VIII. Anchoring

- Draw signs that would reflect human actions dangerous for the forest. What should you show in the signs?

Students. You can't cut down a tree. Fires cannot be lit. Do not leave rubbish in the forest. You can't kill animals.

IX. Lesson summary

What is the importance of the forest for people?
- What plants and animals of the forest are listed in the Red Book.

What gives the forest? You can elaborate .... and got the best answer

Answer from Viktor Shilov[guru]
guess what it gives???

Answer from doctor[guru]
The value of the forest for human life:
-Food source (mushrooms, berries, animals, birds, honey)
-Source of energy (firewood)
-Construction material
- Raw materials for production (paper production)
- Regulator of natural processes (forest planting to protect the soil from weathering)
Importance of the forest for human health:
The forest has great sanitary and hygienic and healing value. There are more than 300 different chemical compounds in the air of natural forests. Forests actively transform atmospheric pollution, especially gaseous ones. Conifers (pine, spruce, juniper), as well as some varieties of lindens and birches, have the highest oxidizing ability. The forest actively absorbs industrial pollution, in particular dust, hydrocarbons.
Forests, especially coniferous ones, emit phytoncides - volatile substances with bactericidal properties. Phytoncides kill pathogenic microbes. In certain doses, they have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, enhance the motor and secretory functions of the gastrointestinal tract, improve metabolism and stimulate cardiac activity. Many of them are enemies of pathogens of infectious diseases, but only if there are few of them. Phytoncides of poplar buds, Antonov apples, eucalyptus have a detrimental effect on the influenza virus. Oak leaves destroy typhoid and dysentery bacteria.

Answer from solar wind[guru]
the forest provides oxygen and habitat for a huge number of terrestrial living creatures. there will be no forest, there will be nothing. and you and me too

Answer from Alina Lyolina[active]
fuel

Answer from Ѐ K[guru]
Clean air is oxygen. Wood. Furniture, building materials, matches, paper are made from it. Not only paper is made from pine, stop materials, etc. sugar, resins, glue, rope are also made from it, fodder yeast, alcohol, gasoline, combustible gases and many, many more are bred on it ...

Answer from Death The Killer[newbie]
Industry Thanks to the forest, plants and factories receive the main products of industry, consisting of wood. These are wood resins, wood flour, from which linoleum, wood-laminated plastic, cellulose, turpentine, alcohol, chipboard, fiberboard, etc. are made. The list can be continued for a long time. Wood is used in the economy, it acts as a timber and lumber, such as timber, plywood, boards. What gives us the forest in the industrial sector? Railways, construction buildings, bridges, power lines and much more.
Many items necessary for mankind are made from processed products and from the wood itself: chairs, school boards, teacher's chairs, desks, ceilings, floors, window frames, school roofs, walls. Smaller items: materials for sneakers, briefcases, toys, fabrics for outerwear, skis, clubs, sleds, soccer balls. This list is also far from complete. What benefits does the forest bring to the national economy? The national economy cannot do without forest materials from which are made: handles for shovels, boats, sledges, matches, carts, plywood, furniture, varnishes, fishing floats, wheel rims, etc. Each of us can continue this list myself. Think for a moment, what would it be like if there were no wood? Where would we end up? Spruce wood White with a yellowish tint, having a silky sheen, supple and sonorous, spruce wood has long been valued by mankind. From it they built royal chambers, temples, huts, bridges and sheds. Spruce wood gave us the opportunity to develop creatively, thanks to such instruments: guitar, violin, balalaika and other musical sources. Just one cubic meter of such wood produces 600 semi-silk suits, 400 pairs of magnificent silk stockings and 250 kg of cellulose. Pine resin For the economy, resin (pine resin) is mined in the forests. To do this, specially prepared notches cut the bark of a tree and collect the resin in a bowl. Rosin is obtained from pine sap - a substance that produces garden putty, desiccants, high-quality soap, synthetic rubber, plastic, varnishes, artificial leather. The benefits of the forest You still ask what gives the forest to man? The forest feeds man! Berries, mushrooms, animal and bird meat are all the merit of forests. The forest clothes the man! Forest animals are rich in warm natural fur, which people wear in the cold winter season. The forest teaches a person, he gives him all the necessary school subjects. The forest heals with its useful medicinal herbs. The forest saturates our lungs with carbon dioxide and oxygen. We can talk about the benefits of forests for a very long time. But the conclusion will always be the same - they need to be protected and not to forget how important this is for each of us.

Do you know how many gifts the forest gives us? The essential benefits of the forest affect our health, industry, rivers, fields. Unfortunately, people do not fully appreciate such generous gifts.

Industry

Thanks to the forest, plants and factories receive the main products of industry, consisting of wood. These are wood resins, wood flour, from which linoleum, wood-laminated plastic, cellulose, turpentine, alcohol, chipboard, fiberboard, etc. are made. The list can be continued for a long time.

Wood is used in the economy, it acts as a timber and lumber, such as timber, plywood, boards. What gives us the forest in the industrial sector? Railways, construction buildings, bridges, power lines and much more.

Many items necessary for mankind are made from processed products and from the wood itself: chairs, school boards, teacher's chairs, desks, ceilings, floors, window frames, school roofs, walls. Smaller items: materials for sneakers, briefcases, toys, fabrics for outerwear, skis, clubs, sleds, soccer balls. This list is also far from complete.

What are the benefits of forests to the national economy

The national economy cannot do without forest materials, from which are made: handles for spades, boats, sledges, matches, carts, plywood, furniture, varnishes, fishing floats, wheel rims, etc. Each of us can continue this list ourselves. Think for a moment, what would it be like if there were no wood? Where would we end up?

spruce wood

White with a yellowish tint, having a silky sheen, supple and sonorous, spruce wood has long been valued by mankind. From it they built royal chambers, temples, huts, bridges and sheds. Spruce wood gave us the opportunity to develop creatively, thanks to such instruments: guitar, violin, balalaika and other musical sources.

Just one cubic meter of such wood produces 600 semi-silk suits, 400 pairs of magnificent silk stockings and 250 kg of cellulose.

pine resin

For the economy, resin (pine resin) is mined in the forests. To do this, specially prepared notches cut the bark of a tree and collect the resin in a bowl. Rosin is obtained from pine sap - a substance that produces garden putty, desiccants, high-quality soap, synthetic rubber, plastic, varnishes, artificial leather.

The benefits of the forest

Are you still asking what gives the forest to man? The forest feeds man! Berries, mushrooms, animal and bird meat are all the merit of forests. The forest clothes the man! Forest animals are rich in warm natural fur, which people wear in the cold winter season. The forest teaches a person, he gives him all the necessary school subjects. The forest heals with its useful medicinal herbs. The forest saturates our lungs with carbon dioxide and oxygen.

We can talk about the benefits of forests for a very long time. But the conclusion will always be the same - they need to be protected and not to forget how important this is for each of us.