What is underground in the Setun park. Along Setun: a walk with old and new stories. On the territorial scheme for the conservation and development of the specially protected natural area "Natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River"

Setun - the largest right tributary of the Moscow River. Despite the proximity of residential and industrial areas, its meandering channel within the city (17 km long) has preserved its natural surroundings and natural shores. This distinguishes the Setun from other Moscow rivers and makes it a "green corridor" that stretches from the Sparrow Hills to the Vakovsky forest park near Moscow.

Story

About the ancient population Setun Valley testify to the Bronze Age Davydkovo burial ground (2 thousand years BC) and the Vyatichi Matveevskoe settlement with a barrow cemetery (XI-XIII centuries). Once upon a time, the word "sedun" ("sagging" place) called a hollow overgrown with swampy forest between the Tatar and Teplostan uplands, where the rivers Ramenka, Filka and Setun itself flow.
Three old manor complexes have been preserved on the territory of the reserve. Troitse-Golenishchevo(known since the XIV century) belonged to the boyars Golenishchev, and then to the Metropolitan of Moscow Daniel. The village received its second name with the construction of a church in 1644. Life-Giving Trinity. Spasskoe-on-Setun previously it was the village of Manukhin and belonged to the boyars Larion Sumin, Pushkin and Artamon Matveev. And in 1676, under Matveev, the Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands was erected here. Up the river - Troekurovo. In the XVI - XVII centuries the village was called Khoroshevo and belonged to Ivan the Terrible and the Godunovs. Under the new owners, the Troekurovs, in 1706 the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was built here (now restored and operating), and then a park with ponds was laid out under the Saltykovs.
AT late XIX century on a new railway Moscow summer residents began to come to the banks of the Setun. There were also industrial enterprises. After the revolution, party leaders settled in holiday villages; dachas of M.I. Kalinin and I.V. Stalin. Today in these places there are state dachas, the Volynskoye congress park and the Golden Keys residential complex.
In 1960, Moscow swallowed up the village of Fili and the city of Kuntsevo, and the surrounding area Setun began to build up. In 1998, the natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River" was created, large-scale work began on cleaning up the territory and decommissioning industrial facilities.

Nature of the Setun river valley

AT Setun valley there are springs and ponds (Troekurovsky, Mosfilmovsky and on the golf course); within the city, the Troekurovsky stream and the rivers Navershka, Ramenka and boiled water enclosed in a pipe flow into it.
Birch, linden, oak grow in places on the slopes of the valley, spruce and pine in the Volyn forest, and many “patriarch trees” have been preserved in the Troekurovsky park. There are small lowland swamps in the reserve. Gray alders and willows grow along the banks of the river: there are even two-century-old trees in the Matveevsky forest. Open spaces are occupied by upland meadows, where there are many beautiful flowering plants and interesting insects. In place of gardens and wastelands, ruderal communities (“weeds”) appear, which are gradually replaced by meadow herbs, ash-leaved maple, aspen and birch.
In parks it is forbidden to destroy nests, catch insects, kill animals. Yes, and how else?
Out of 25 "Red Book" species of flora in wet areas in the reserve grow iris iris, burr, swimsuit, mountaineer serpentine, in the meadows - Fisher's carnation, ranunculus anemone, spring rank, green strawberry, thyme, bluebells, navel, licorice astragalus, forest canopy - lily of the valley, corydalis, liverwort, orchids digitorhika and cache, ferns ostrich and telipteris. In total, about 400 plant species have been noted here.
Weasel, black polecat and ermine live in the meadows of the reserve, which mainly hunt voles. Most of the local birds are quail, corncrake, field lark, yellow wagtail, shrike, meadow coin, northern chatterbox- prefer open spaces, but with the presence of shelters in tall grass or shrubs. In May, nightingale trills, gentle songs of robins, bluethroats, coot redstarts are heard in coastal thickets, but warblers and warblers are most frequent here. various kinds.
live here water birds: mallard, moorhen, sandpipers. Muskrats and water shrews, amphibians - newts and frogs penetrate into the riverbed, pike, chub, perch and other fish enter and even occasionally spawn. However, the waters of Setun are still polluted by industrial, domestic and agricultural effluents, and it is necessary to constantly fight for the purity of this picturesque river.
local residents and public organizations actively help the management of the reserve clean up valley of the Setun River from years of garbage heaps and restore its natural beauty.

The Setun River is one of the few nature reserves in the Moscow region. Its length is so great that some of it captures the capital itself. It is worth noting that most of The territory of the reserve is located in the city. This fact has become the reason that on its outskirts there are all kinds of buildings, both residential and domestic. The valley of the Setun River, a photo of which can be seen in this article, will be described below.

Reserve

The territory of the reserve is quite diverse for the presence of not only the flora, but also the animal world. The forest belt has at its disposal both ordinary plants and those that, due to extinction, were listed in the Red Book. Unfortunately, these plants were able to survive only on the territory of the reserve itself and were able to continue their existence only along the banks of the river.

The variety of tree species, which is so rich in the valley of the Setun River, also cannot but impress. Oak, ash, maple and many others that can be found both in the city itself and on the territory of the reserve. But there are also some that you can't see anywhere else. There are also architectural and historical buildings on the territory of the reserve.

Special types of flora

Do not forget about the medicinal herbs located on the territory of the Setun river valley. Here you can find a sufficient variety of plants that are often used in traditional medicine. Especially popular are herbs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The total number of plant species is more than 380. And most of the vegetation belongs to the category of medicinal.

Animal world

The fauna of the Setun river valley is also diverse. All kinds of creatures now living on earth were able to safely find shelter here. Here you can meet ermine, weasel, ferret. Muskrat and water shrew live closer to the water. You can also meet other representatives here, of which about 40 are considered rare and are under state protection. If you try to count all the species that live on the territory of the reserve, then this figure will almost reach 100.

Amphibians, birds, herbivores - there is no reliable information about the exact number. But in order to understand the scale - there are more than 69 species of birds alone, not to mention all the others. Do not forget about the vertebrates that have become home to the valley of the Setun River. There are more than 5 types of them. Due to the fact that hunting is prohibited on the territory of the reserve, many animals were able to preserve their species only here.

Attractions

The uniqueness of this place is not only in the flora and fauna. Here you can admire the remains of ancient settlements and monuments different cultures and peoples. With the help of their study, many new facts and historical events are revealed. The buildings and structures themselves, which are not only historical, but also spiritual, can take vacationers to a completely different era.

AT fine weather locals and guests of the city often stroll through the old manor parks: Troyekurovo, Spasskoye and Troetsko-Golenishchevo. Various excursions are organized here, thereby allowing you to plunge into centuries-old memories.

The valley of the Setun River also has various churches of ancient construction. The natural Park enjoys great popularity and fame among people of any age categories, and not only representatives of the local population like to visit here. Both children and older people come for excursions and recreation.

Relaxation

Tourists here expect massive places for recreation, sports grounds, as well as equipped beaches with the ability to take water procedures and sunbathe. All these conditions are unlikely to allow vacationers to get bored from idleness, being in such a place as the Setun river valley. It is not uncommon for youth sports clubs to go to the park zone for the purpose of training in the fresh air.

Active leisure, bewitching surrounding nature and Fresh air- all this will be provided to tourists by the reserve. One of the main advantages is the opportunity to meet in real life rare representatives animal world. The reserve is popular not only for excursions. The valley of the Setun River (how to get there - read below) constantly meets older people. They regularly come here to collect medicinal plants.

Getting to the reserve is not particularly difficult: several buses run from the Universitet metro station (routes No. 103, 130, 187, 260), from Kuntsevo - only one No. 11. There are several options with which you can easily get to the reserve. You can also book a short excursion to the area, where you can learn more about such a beautiful and magnificent place.

nature reserve"Valley of the Setun River" (696.05 hectares) is the largest "Green Island" located within the city. Compared to many other natural and natural-historical parks and reserves in Moscow, which have a compact territory, the Setun River Valley nature reserve stretches along the riverbed and is “clamped” on both sides by residential and industrial buildings.

Surprisingly diverse plant and animal world natural reserve, located almost in the heart of the metropolis. Birch, oak, linden and even pine forests growing on the steep and gentle slopes of the river valley are replaced by riverine complexes consisting of willow and gray alder forests; coastal meadows and shrubs surrounding the outlets of spring waters alternate with lowland marshes. modern flora The reserve has 384 species of vascular plants, 47 of which are rare for Moscow. AT forest areas and on the meadows you can see blooming May lily of the valley, small burr, spring primrose, bluebells, orchids and other plants listed in the Red Book of the city. Weasel and ermine are found in the floodplain of Setun. In the reservoirs you can see the water shrew and the muskrat. 41 species of vertebrates living in the reserve are rare for Moscow. In total, 5 species of amphibians, 69 species of birds and 18 species of mammals have been recorded in the river valley. 62 species of birds nest on the territory of the reserve.

Among the magnificence of flora and fauna, valuable objects of history and culture are located on the territory of the reserve: archaeological sites, remains of ancient settlements and burials. These are the Matveevsky settlement, which existed in the pre-Mongolian period, with a preserved barrow cemetery, as well as the Davydkovsky burial ground, discovered during the development of a quarry on the left bank of the Setun.

Improvement and security

Not a single natural area in a city can exist independently, they all need care and protection. It is important to create and develop the recreational and environmental education infrastructure of the territories, harmoniously combining it with the corners of wildlife. It is necessary to find ways to show them to people, and at the same time minimize negative impact high recreational load. Much attention is currently being paid appearance territories, compliance with environmental legislation and the special protection regime.

The Directorate of the Department of Protected Areas for the Closed Joint-Stock Company is carrying out a set of measures to improve the territories. Improvement measures include laying out parks and alleys, arranging lawns and flower beds, paths, playgrounds, recreation areas, organizing ecological trails. The improvement department conducts daily control over all the territories of the JSC and monitors their condition.

Picnic spots and recreation areas in the Nature Reserve "Valley of the Setun River":

• picnic area and sports ground (Kremenchugskaya st., 36)
• picnic area "Matveevsky Forest" (St. Starovolynskaya, 10)
• picnic area and playground (crossing Dorgobuzhskaya and Ryabinovaya streets);
• playground (st. Pyreva, 16)

environmental education

To inform the population about the norms of behavior in protected areas, the department of science, monitoring, biodiversity and environmental education GPBU "Management of Protected Areas for ZAO" conducts active educational work with schoolchildren, pupils of kindergartens and visitors to the CSO and CTC of the Western Administrative District. Especially for the guests of the parks, information boards with the norms of behavior in protected areas are located on each territory, they also indicate the phone numbers of services that any resident of the city can call in case of illegal actions of other visitors.

Gallery

The natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River" (696.05 hectares) is the largest "Green Island" located within the city. Compared to many other natural and natural-historical parks and reserves in Moscow, which have a compact territory, the Setun River Valley nature reserve stretches along the riverbed and is “clamped” on both sides by residential and industrial buildings.
Setun is the largest right tributary of the Moscow River within the city. The length of the river is 38 kilometers, and more than half of them falls on the territory of Moscow. There are many springs in the Setun valley. Floodplain meadows and swamps of the reserve are adjacent to small forest areas
The flora and fauna of the natural reserve, located almost in the very heart of the metropolis, is surprisingly diverse. Birch, oak, linden and even pine forests growing on the steep and gentle slopes of the river valley are replaced by riverine complexes consisting of willow and gray alder forests; coastal meadows and shrubs surrounding the outlets of spring waters alternate with lowland marshes. The modern flora of the reserve includes 384 species of vascular plants, 47 of which are rare for Moscow. In the forests and meadows, you can see the blooming May lily of the valley, small burr, spring primrose, bluebells, orchids and other plants listed in the Red Book of the city. Weasel, black polecat and ermine are found in the floodplain of Setun. In the reservoirs you can see the water shrew and the muskrat. 41 species of vertebrates living in the reserve are rare for Moscow. In total, 5 species of amphibians, 69 species of birds and 18 species of mammals have been recorded in the river valley. 62 species of birds nest on the territory of the reserve.
Among the magnificence of flora and fauna, valuable objects of history and culture are located on the territory of the reserve: archaeological sites, remains of ancient settlements and burials. This is the Matveevsky settlement, which existed in the pre-Mongolian period, with a preserved barrow cemetery. As well as the Davydkovsky burial ground, discovered during the development of a quarry on the left bank of the Setun.
Within the boundaries of the nature reserve there are three old manor parks: the Troyekurovo estate, Spasskoye on Setun, Troitse-Golenishchevo. The architectural monuments include the Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands on Setun (1676), the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker with elements of the park (XVII-XVIII centuries), the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-Golenishchevo (1644-1645), the Church of the Intercession Holy Mother of God(XVII century), country estate of Prince Troekurov (XVIII-XIX centuries).
Picnic spots and recreation areas in the Nature Reserve "Valley of the Setun River":
- picnic area and sports ground (st. Kremenchukskaya, 36)
- picnic area "Matveevsky forest" (St. Starovolynskaya, 10)
- picnic area and playground (intersection of Dorgobuzhskaya and Ryabinovaya streets);
- playground (Pyreva st., 16)
Sports objects:
golf club, association of stuntmen "Setunsky Stan" and children's and youth school of stuntmen "Master", open sports grounds.
You can get there:
- from the Universitet metro station buses No. 103, 130, 187, 260;
- from metro station Yugo-Zapadnaya bus number 630;
- from metro station Kuntsevskaya bus number 11.

In the south-west of Moscow, on the left and right banks of the Setun River, there is the largest reserve in the city. It is called the natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River" and its territory covers an area of ​​almost 700 hectares.

The nature of the reserve

The slopes of the river are quite gentle, lindens, birches, oaks and pines grow on them, forming virgin forest areas, in places replaced by thickets of gray alders and willows, turning into small swamps. The vegetation of the natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River" is about four hundred species of plants, and about 10% of them are very rare for the capital and the Moscow region. AT spring months in forest thickets, in glades and meadows, flowers listed in the Red Book are full of fragrance and fragrance: lilies of the valley, primroses, bluebells, orchids and many others.

Floating on a boat on the river, you can meet aquatic animals, like muskrats. Stoats, black polecats and weasels live on the shore. Among the huge number of animals living in the natural reserve "Valley of the Setun River", more than forty species are recorded in documents as rare for Moscow. Amphibians are found here, a huge number of species of birds, the most numerous of which are warblers and warblers. On the territory of the reserve, you can hear the magical trills of the nightingale, the soothing songs of the dawn, here you can spy on the sandpiper, mallard, moorhen and others. waterfowl. Rarely found winged inhabitants living in the Sentun River valley include the lark, the wagtail and the grosbeak.

Attractions of the reserve

In the times preceding the Tatar-Mongol invasion, there was a village on the site of the reserve, from which a barrow was preserved - an ancient cemetery. And while working in a quarry on the left bank of the river, the Davydkovsky burial ground was found. In 1812, in these places, Napoleon, going to Moscow, met with Murat, who led the vanguard, who reported to the emperor that the path to the Russian capital was free.

Country estates and churches standing on the territory of the reserve belong to the architectural monuments of the 17th-19th centuries, there are four of them, all of them are very beautiful. And for those who want to relax in nature, several picnic areas, children's and sports grounds, bicycle trails are equipped. Winter here perfect place to go skiing or tobogganing.

The civilized part of the park is entirely equipped for possible visits by people with handicapped. Everything here is very reminiscent of European parks and even surpasses them in terms of lighting - the lanterns here use wind and solar energy, there are video cameras with an emergency call button on the paths.

"Valley of the Setun River" is a nature reserve divided into two parts, one of them is untouched by civilization, and the second is completely ennobled. This makes it possible to relax here for people with a variety of views on what kind of vacation is better. Everyone will find here a corner to their liking.

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