What are pronounced character traits called? Positive character traits. Person's character

Every person from birth is endowed with a unique own character. A child can inherit certain traits from his parents, some show them to a greater extent, while others are completely different from any of the family members. But character is not the behavior of parents projected onto the child; it is a more complex mental phenomenon. The list of positive ones is very long. In this article we will try to highlight the main character traits.

person?

Translated from Greek language the word "character" means " distinguishing feature, sign". Depending on the type of your psychological organization people find their soul mates, establish relationships, and build their entire lives. A person's character is a unique set mental characteristics, personality traits that play a decisive role in various aspects of a person’s life and are manifested through his activities.

To understand the character of an individual, it is necessary to analyze his actions en masse. Judgments about morality can be very subjective, because not every person acts as his heart tells him. However, individual stable character traits can be identified by studying behavior for a long time. If a person makes the same decision in different situations, draws similar conclusions and demonstrates a similar reaction, then this indicates that he has one or another trait. For example, if someone is responsible, then his behavior both at work and at home will meet this criterion. If a person is cheerful by nature, a one-time manifestation of sadness against the background of general positive behavior will not become a separate character trait.

Character Formation

The process of character formation begins in the very early childhood, in the child’s first social contacts with his parents. For example, excessive love and care can later become the key to a stable characteristic of a person’s psyche and make him dependent or spoiled. That is why many parents are especially attentive to instilling positive character traits in their children. They get pets so that the baby can feel what responsibility is, assign him to do small chores around the house, teach him to put away his toys and explain that not all wishes and whims can be fulfilled.

The next stage is kindergarten and school. The child already has the basic character traits, but at this stage they can still be corrected: you can wean the little personality off greed and help get rid of excessive shyness. In the future, as a rule, the formation and change of character traits are possible only when working with a psychologist.

Character or temperament?

Very often these two concepts are confused with each other. Indeed, both character and temperament shape human behavior. But they have a fundamentally different nature. Character is a list of acquired mental properties, while temperament is of biological origin. Possessing the same temperament, people can have completely different characters.

There are 4 types of temperament: impetuous and unbalanced choleric, unhurried and imperturbable phlegmatic, easy and optimistic sanguine and emotionally vulnerable melancholic. At the same time, temperament can restrain certain character traits, and vice versa, character can compensate for temperament.

For example, a phlegmatic person with a good sense of humor will still be stingy in showing emotions, but this will not prevent him from demonstrating a sense of humor, laughing and having fun in the appropriate society.

List of positive human qualities

The list of positive and negative qualities of a person is huge. Initially, all definitions regarding the nature and essence of a person, his behavior are subjective. Society has established certain norms that allow us to determine how positive or negative a particular personality trait or action is. However, there are top quality person, demonstrating his virtue and good intentions. Their list looks like this:

• altruism;
• reverence for elders;
• kindness;
• fulfillment of promises;
• moral;
• responsibility;
• loyalty;
• perseverance;
• moderation;
• responsiveness;
• honesty;
• sincerity;
• selflessness and others.

These qualities, along with their derivatives, constitute the nature of the true beauty of a person's character. They are laid down in the family; in the process of upbringing, children copy the behavior of their parents, and therefore a well-educated person will have all these highest qualities.

List of negative human qualities

The list of positive and negative qualities of a person can take a long time to form, since there are a lot of them. Attributing to a person the presence of a negative character quality based solely on his action or behavior will be completely wrong. You can't put labels on anyone, even the most well-mannered may actually believe that they are endowed with, say, greed or arrogance. However, if this behavior is a pattern, then the conclusion will be obvious.

The list of negative traits, as well as positive ones, is huge. The most basic and common ones look like this:

• lack of will;
• irresponsibility;
• harmfulness;
• greed;
• malice;
• deceit;
• hypocrisy;
• hatred;
• selfishness;
• intolerance;
• greed and others.

The presence of such character traits in a person is not a diagnosis; they can and should be dealt with even in adult, conscious age, and correct behavior.

Character traits that manifest themselves in relation to other people

We have compiled a list of positive and negative human qualities. Now we will talk about character traits that manifest themselves in relation to other people. The fact is that depending on in relation to whom or what a person performs an action or deed, a specific individual feature of him is revealed. In society, he can demonstrate the following qualities:

• communication skills;
• responsiveness;
• sensitivity to other people's moods;
• respect;
• arrogance;
• egocentrism;
• coarseness;
• isolation and others.

Of course, a lot depends on the conditions in which a person finds himself: even the most open and sociable person can experience problems communicating with a strict, closed and heartless person. But, as a rule, polite people, endowed positive qualities, easily adapt to society and suppress their negative traits.

Character traits manifested in work

Building a person’s career directly depends on the qualities of his character. Even the most talented and gifted people can fail because they are not responsible enough for their work and their talent. By doing so, they only harm themselves and do not give themselves the opportunity to reach their full potential.

Or, on the contrary, there are cases where the lack of talent was more than compensated for by special diligence in work. A responsible and careful person will always achieve success. Here is a list of the main character traits:

• hard work;
• responsibility;
• initiative;
• accuracy;
• sloppiness;
• laziness;
• negligence;
• passivity and others.

These two groups of character traits actively overlap with each other, since work activity and communication between people are inseparably linked.

Character traits manifested in relation to oneself

These are the traits that characterize his self-perception in relation to himself. They look like this:

• feeling self-esteem or superiority;
• honor;
• arrogance;
• self-criticism;
• egocentrism;
• self-adoration and others.

Character traits manifested in relation to things

Attitude to things does not affect the building of a person’s social connections, but demonstrates and reveals the best or unsightly qualities of his nature. These are traits such as:

• accuracy;
• thrift;
• scrupulousness;
• sloppiness and others.

Mentality, qualities of a Russian person

Mentality is a very subjective concept, and it is based on stereotypical thinking. However, it cannot be denied that certain traits are inherent in one or another nationality. Russian people are famous for their cordiality and hospitality, and cheerful disposition. The Russian soul throughout the world is considered mysterious and incomprehensible, since Russians are not distinguished by the rationality and logic of their actions, and are often influenced by mood.

Another feature of the Russian people is sentimentality. A Russian person instantly adopts the feelings of another and is always ready to share emotions with him and lend a helping hand. One cannot help but mention another trait - compassion. Historically, Russia helped its neighbors at all borders of the country, and today only the heartless the person will pass past the misfortune of another.

As Victor Hugo used to say, a person has three characters: one is attributed to him by his environment, another he attributes to himself, and the third is real, objective.

There are more than five hundred human character traits, and not all of them are clearly positive or negative; much depends on the context.

Therefore, any personality that has collected certain qualities in individual proportions is unique.

A person’s character is a specific, unique combination of personal, ordered psychological traits, characteristics, and nuances. It is formed, however, throughout life and manifests itself during work and social interaction.

Soberly assessing and describing the character of the chosen person is not an easy task. After all, not all of its properties are demonstrated to the environment: some features (good and bad) remain in the shadows. And we seem to ourselves to be somewhat different than what we see in the mirror.

Is it possible? Yes, there is a version that this is possible. Through long efforts and training, you are able to assign yourself the qualities you love, becoming a little better.

A person's character is revealed by his actions, public behavior. It is visible in a person’s attitude to work, to things, to other people and in her self-esteem.

In addition, character qualities are divided into groups - “volitional”, “emotional”, “intellectual” and “social”.

We are not born with specific traits, but acquire them through the process of upbringing, education, exploration of the environment, and so on. Of course, the genotype also influences the formation of character: the apple often falls extremely close to the apple tree.

At its core, character is close to temperament, but they are not the same thing.

In order to assess yourself and your role in society relatively soberly, psychologists advise writing down your positive, neutral and negative traits onto a piece of paper and analyze.

Try to do this too, you will find examples of character traits below.

Positive character traits (list)

Negative character traits (list)

At the same time, some qualities are difficult to classify as good or bad, and they cannot be called neutral. So, any mother wants her daughter to be shy, silent and bashful, but is this beneficial for the girl?

Again, a dreamy person may be cute, but completely unlucky because he always has his head in the clouds. An assertive individual looks stubborn to some, but obnoxious and pushy to others.

Is it bad to be gambling and carefree? How far has cunning gone from wisdom and resourcefulness? Do ambition, ambition, and determination lead to success or to loneliness? It will probably depend on the situation and context.

And what you want to be, you decide for yourself!

Features of behavior, communication, attitude towards people, objects, work, things show the character traits that an individual possesses. Based on their totality, an opinion about a person is determined. Such clichés as “the life of the party”, “bore”, “pessimist”, “cynic” become the result of an assessment of a person’s character traits. Understanding how character works helps in building relationships. Moreover, this applies to both your own qualities and those of others.

Human character traits: classification

Types of character are determined by the prevailing traits, which in turn influence behavior and actions. They can be considered in a system of relationships to work, other people, things, and oneself.

Work

• Hard work-laziness. This “duet” can be either a character trait or express an attitude towards a specific job. A constant feeling of laziness may also indicate that a person is simply not interested in the business in which he is busy, but in something else, he will prove himself better. Laziness can be a sign of lack of motivation. But excessive hard work also takes on a degree of workaholism, which can also indicate problems in personal relationships and lack of interests.
• Responsibility-irresponsibility. One of the most important qualities for an employee. A person who responsibly fulfills his duties and does not let his colleagues down will be a valuable employee.
• Conscientiousness-bad faith. Carrying out duties and doing them well are not the same thing. It is important for management that hard work is expressed not only in the mechanical execution of actions, but brings results.
• Initiative-passivity. This quality is especially valuable for people who want to move up the career ladder. If an employee does not show initiative, does not generate ideas, or hides behind the backs of his colleagues, he will not develop in his profession.

Other people

• Reticence-Sociability. It shows a person’s openness, his relaxedness, how easy it is for him to make acquaintances, how he feels in a new company or team.
• Truthfulness-deception. Pathological liars lie even in small things, hide the truth, and easily betray. There are people who embellish reality, most often they do this because reality seems boring to them or not bright enough.
• Independence-conformity. This quality shows how a person makes decisions. Does he rely on his experience, knowledge, opinion, or does he follow someone else’s lead and is easy to suppress?
• Rudeness-politeness. Bitterness and internal experiences make a person cynical and rude. Such people are rude in queues, public transport, disrespectful towards subordinates. Politeness, although a positive character trait, can have selfish motives. It may also be an attempt to avoid confrontation.

Things

• Neatness-sloppiness. Creative clutter or meticulous cleanliness in the house can show how neat a person is. It can also be characterized by appearance. Sloppy people often cause antipathy, and there are not always those willing to look at the broad soul behind the external absurdity.
• Thrift-negligence. A person can be assessed by his attitude towards accumulated property and borrowed items. Although this human trait appeared in the material group, it can also manifest itself in relation to people.
• Greed-generosity. To be called generous, you don’t have to be a philanthropist or give away your last. At the same time, excessive generosity is sometimes a sign of irresponsibility or an attempt to “buy” someone else’s favor. Greed is expressed not only in relation to other people, but also towards oneself, when a person, out of fear of being left without money, saves even on small things.

Self

• Demandingness. When this personality trait is pronounced, two extremes appear. A person who is demanding of himself is often just as strict with others. He lives by the principle “I could do it, so others can too.” He may not be tolerant of other people's weaknesses, not understanding that each person is individual. The second extreme is built on uncertainty. A person tortures himself, considering himself not perfect enough. A striking example may serve as anorexia, workaholism.
• Self-criticism. A person who knows how to criticize himself has healthy self-esteem. Understanding, accepting and analyzing your achievements and defeats helps in the formation strong personality. When the balance is disturbed, either egocentrism or self-criticism is observed.
• Modesty. It is necessary to understand that modesty and shyness are different concepts. The first is based on a value system instilled during upbringing. The second is a signal for the development of complexes. IN in good condition modesty is manifested in moderation, calmness, knowing the limits in words, expressing emotions, financial spending, etc.
• Selfishness and egocentrism. Similar concepts, but the trait here is egoism, while egocentrism is a way of thinking. Egoists think only about themselves, but use others for their own purposes. Egocentric people are often misanthropes and introverts who do not need others and believe that no one is worthy of them.
• Self-esteem. Shows how a person feels internally. Outwardly, it is expressed in a high assessment of one’s rights and social value.

Personality assessment and types of characters

In addition to the main character traits that are formed in the system of relationships, psychologists also identify other areas:

• Intelligent. Resourcefulness, curiosity, frivolity, practicality.
• Emotional. Passion, sentimentality, impressionability, hot temper, cheerfulness.
• Strong-willed. Courage, perseverance, determination.
• Moral. Justice, responsiveness, kindness.

There are motivational traits-goals that drive a personality and determine its guidelines. As well as instrumental features-methods, they show by what methods the desired will be achieved. So, for example, a girl may exhibit masculine character traits when she persistently and proactively pursues her lover.

Gordon Allport put forward a theory about what character traits there are. The psychologist divided them into the following types:

• Dominant. They determine the behavior of the individual as a whole, regardless of the sphere, and at the same time influence other qualities or even overlap them. For example, kindness or greed.
• Regular. They are also expressed in all areas of life. These include, for example, humanity.
• Secondary. They do not particularly influence anything, and are often derived from other traits. For example, diligence.

There are typical and individual personality traits. It’s easy to group typical ones; by noticing one of the dominant qualities or several minor ones, you can “draw” a personal portrait as a whole, and determine the type of character. This helps to predict actions and better understand a person. So, for example, if an individual is responsive, then most likely he will come to the rescue in a difficult situation, support, listen.

Character: types of positive and negative traits

Personality is a balance of positive and negative qualities. In this regard, everything is conditional. For example, envy is considered a bad trait, but some psychologists argue that it can become an incentive to work on yourself or improve your life. The distortion of positive traits, on the contrary, can lead to their transformation into negative qualities. Persistence develops into obsession, initiative into self-centeredness.

Strong and weak character traits should be highlighted; you often have to remember them when filling out a resume. They terrify many, because it can be difficult to evaluate oneself. Here's a little cheat sheet:

• Weak. Formality, irritability, shyness, impulsiveness, inability to remain silent or say “no.”
• Strong. Perseverance, sociability, patience, punctuality, organization, determination.
• Negative. Pride, jealousy, vindictiveness, cruelty, parasitism.
• Positive. Kindness, sincerity, optimism, openness, peacefulness.

Character traits are formed in childhood, but at the same time they can change and transform depending on life circumstances. It's never too late to change what you don't like about yourself.

IN social life society and in relationships.

Each person has special qualities and individual traits in character. It is impossible to find two absolutely identical men or women. Descriptions of people's character are built from their actions, which affect their entire lives.

Character and dependence on body type

E. Kretschmer, a famous German psychologist, determined that a person’s behavior directly depends on his physique. He compiled a description of examples that fit into three main groups.

1. Asthenics are people with undeveloped muscles, quite thin with a small chest. They have an elongated face and long limbs. The psychologist united all such people into the group of schizothymics. These are often very stubborn people; it is difficult for them to adapt to changing conditions environment. They are very withdrawn and prone to suffer from schizophrenia with severe mental disorders.
2. Picnics are people who tend to be overweight. They are characterized by a round face, short neck and small These people fall into the typological group of cyclothymic character. These are sociable people, very emotional and prone to quickly adapting to unfamiliar conditions. With psychological disorders they become depressed.
3. Athletics - have an athletic build, large chest and tall stature. Kretschmer classified athletes as ixothymics - unemotional individuals, domineering and not liking change. Severe psychological distress can easily lead to epilepsy.

This is the description given by a German psychologist. Now boldly approach the mirror and draw conclusions whether this theory applies to you or not.

The influence of temperament on character

Temperament is the characteristic vital energy of a person, which establishes one’s attitude towards life. It is often difficult to find a person who has only one temperamental indicator clearly expressed. As a rule, people have mixed temperaments, but knowing them, you can easily create a description of a person’s character, examples are given below:

• A sanguine person is an active person, characterized by regular mood changes. He reacts very quickly to all events that happen in his life. Failures and negative moments are perceived easily, without depression or frustration. Such a person has developed facial expressions, and he also completely devotes himself to work if it interests him.
• A choleric person is a very bright and excited person who reacts vividly to life events. He can quickly become angry and at the same time feel a loss of strength. Such a person quickly lights up with new ideas, but just as easily loses interest.
• A melancholic person is a person who takes everything to heart. At the same time, he is very impressionable and is easily brought to tears.
• Phlegmatic is a person who is stingy with emotions. The whole life of such a person is balanced and full of stability. Such people are valued in many companies, as they are distinguished by perseverance and high ability to work.

Formation of personality character

Many psychologists have written descriptions of people's character. But when is this character formed and is it possible to change it? Character is revealed in itself early age. By the age of five, the child has established character traits, which are almost impossible to change.

In the early grades, the priority remains the opinion of parents and teachers, but after 14 years a whole psychological explosion occurs. The teenager clearly demonstrates his opinion about life, shaping his character. Formation is clearly influenced by means mass media. During this period, it is easy to impose incorrect political views and grow a supporter of some movement. By age 20 human personality formed, the turning point begins at 50 years. There is a rearrangement of priorities, and so-called wisdom appears.

Appearance and character of a person

And human character is an important stylistic device for writers. This gives us a complete picture of the hero. We see his positive and negative traits, a negative or positive character develops.

Describing the character of people is very important for solving serial crimes - specialists start from the repeated actions characteristic of a maniac. This creates an accurate portrait of the individual and even makes it possible to predict the actions of the criminal.

If it's important to do detailed description of a person, character traits are a significant indicator. Especially in areas such as politics and journalism. You need to be able to characterize a person’s abilities by appearance, because real character does not always appear immediately.

Everyone knows that each of us has a different character, but not everyone uses this knowledge. This is completely in vain, because armed with knowledge about a person’s character, you can predict his behavior and correct it personally. Moreover, in order to understand the character, you do not need to communicate with a person for a long time, you just need to look at him carefully.

We assure you that you can see a lot!

Most people think that intelligence is what makes a great scientist.
They make mistakes - it's character.
Albert Einstein

Character as a personality quality

Character is a set of stable mental properties that determine characteristics human relationships and behavior.

When talking about character, we mean a complex of personality traits that significantly influences a person’s actions. Character is determined nervous system, and its development - by the environment.

There are 4 categories of character, which form:

• Attitude towards team members, society as a whole (responsiveness, respectful attitude towards others; contempt, callousness);
  Traits that demonstrate a person’s attitude towards his work (integrity, responsibility; laziness, passivity);
  Traits that reflect a person’s attitude towards himself (self-criticism, pride, shyness, egocentrism).
  Traits that demonstrate a person’s attitude towards material things (carelessness, neatness).

  Classification of human character according to E. Kretschmer

  Psychologist E. Kretschmer put forward a theory that character is directly related to a person’s physique. Kretschmer's theory describes 3 body types and 3 character types that correspond to them.

  WikiHelp:
  Ernst Kretschmer (German: Ernst Kretschmer) (08.10.1888, Wüstenrot, near Heilbronn - 09.02.1964, Tübingen) - German psychiatrist and psychologist, creator of a typology of temperaments based on body features.

  Character traits

  There is another classification that provides 4 main character traits: