Crimean plants. Interesting plants of Crimea mentioned in the Bible. Dangerous plants of Crimea - yew berry

How he will see Crimean peninsula a tourist who decides to relax here in June, what blooms in Crimea in the first month of summer? To be honest, there are so many things that it is impossible to list, so in this article we simply tried to convey the atmosphere of June in Crimea.

In the first half of the month, the main flower of fields and roadsides remains the self-seeded poppy. However, if you are lucky, you can meet its smaller and more delicate relative - the hybrid poppy.

If you didn’t make it in time for the poppies to bloom, don’t worry, Crimea has prepared many other places for photo sessions. These are bright yellow fields of mullein, rapeseed, and turnips:

White – coriander and chamomile. This photo was taken near Vulkanovka:

But the most popular, of course, is lavender.

Its lilac fields have been preserved near the village of Turgenevka near Bakhchisarai. And at the height of the flowering of this fragrant plant (approximately the first half of June), the real pilgrimage begins there.

What blooms in Crimea in June - trees, shrubs, flowers

At the same time, spreading a delicate honey aroma around, Eleven angustifolia (wild olive) blooms.

This is one of the most noticeable plants on the Crimean coast, practically the only one that provides shade on the beaches of the east and west of the peninsula. Loch is extremely unpretentious, heat and salt tolerant, so it feels great on the sand, literally at the edge of sea water.

Crimean roadsides are again in pink - April almonds and May tamarisk have been replaced by mackerel. Its clouds of all shades of pink will accompany you throughout Crimea.

However, the yellow color has not been forgotten - gorse is blooming, and in some places it is a continuous carpet.

A tree with a completely unpronounceable name, Kölreuteria paniculata (soap tree), blooms yellow.

Its round crowns bristle with large, loose clusters, which by autumn will turn into bright tricuspid boxes, similar to Chinese lanterns. By the way, Kölreuteria comes from China.

Flowerbeds are decorated with lavender, various sedums and other drought-resistant plants.

You can often find artichokes, and not only in flower beds. It seems that he approved of the Crimean climate, took root and decided to go wild.

Arriving in Crimea in June, you will definitely meet yucca, one of the plants that says - you are in the south!

The front gardens of local residents resemble branches of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden thanks to the many varieties of roses, lilies, daylilies,

Oriental poppy, rudbeckia, eschscholzia, bluebells, etc. are pleasing.

June is the time when mallows bloom, and this flower has an innumerable variety of shades - from white to black. By the way, wild mallow also grows in Crimea - the hollyhock, a modest yellow color.

Wild plants of June

Almost everything in the forests has faded, so we go out to the edges, to the steppe, mountains and ruins of archaeological sites. At this time of year they have cheerful chintz colors - the flowers are small and modest, but there are many of them and mixed together.

They were chosen by mullein and bruise. By the way, the bruise is not necessarily blue; in Crimea you can find a pale blue one - the Italian bruise and, much less often, the red Russian bruise. This one was found in .

Once upon a time, a carmine red dye for woolen fabrics was obtained from this plant.

In the mountainous Crimea in June, sage and thyme set the tone. More precisely, sages - whorled, meadow, gormin, oak nutmeg, etc., and thymes, of which there are 13 species in Crimea and not all of them have a pronounced aroma.

Mixed with them grow Austrian and veined flax, variegated nom, larkspur, wholeleaf, istod, St. John's wort, etc.

One of the Crimean orchids, Anacamptis pyramidalis, is sometimes found here:

Mariannik flowers (Ivan da Marya) are clearly visible in the meadow:

There are 21 species of broomrapes in Crimea, but usually they are much less noticeable than this bush on the cliff.

Higher up on the rocks, the meadows are more modest; wormwood, thyme, flax, bindweed, and navels reign here:

And the feather grass spreads over them.

However, here you can also find large bright flowers, for example, glacium:

Crimean zopnik blooms nearby. These elegant bushes will turn into “tumbleweeds” by autumn.

Right on the bare rocks, the capitate plant, a modest plant from the Red Book, found a place for itself.

An interesting feature of June is the flowering thorns. At this time, all the future weeds - thistle, tartar, thistle, scolymus please with lush flowering:

With them, complementing the steppe bright colors, adjacent to Tatary lettuce, scabiosa, sage, chicory:

Almost everywhere from the above places you can find prickly pear - a cactus that blooms large in June yellow flowers, and by autumn it is covered with dark pink sweet fruits from which you can make compote or jam.

It was brought to us by the Italians, who after the Crimean War reburied their compatriots on Mount Gasforte under. There were them nearby before combat positions. And as a memory of their homeland, they planted a prickly pear brought from Sicily in the cemetery. She liked it in Crimea, and gradually it spread throughout the peninsula.

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The southern coast of Crimea is of Mediterranean type. Therefore, people from Mediterranean countries grow best in Crimea. These include, first of all, pyramidal cypresses with narrow conical crowns and pine trees that look like giant umbrellas. These two trees are very common on the southern coast of Crimea.

Also widespread is scarlet - a tree from the legume family with whole leaves of an original kidney-shaped form. In spring, the crimson plant is covered with a mass of pink flowers and at this time resembles a huge lush bouquet.

Have you seen how Cercis blooms in Crimea? No? You are a person deprived of earthly joys! Each of the trees has its own takeoff, its own holiday. Rowan, for example, is most beautiful at the time of fruiting; you can’t get enough of maples and aspens in the fall, but the finest hour of cercis is early spring. Imagine some baked rock, smelling of the hot sun, and next to it, against the background of the deep blue Crimean sky, a leafless tree, but blooming from head to toe.


Everything is in bloom: thin overgrowing branches, thick skeletal branches, and even the trunk! This 12-14 m tall “bouquet” looks like some kind of unimaginable miracle in the spring, for which it’s worth coming to Crimea once in your life. swimming season, and long before it, in April.

In May, in the parks and boulevards of Crimea, large beautiful trees with a dense spherical crown and gray bark on smooth, thick trunks attract attention. Green, finger-complex, fan-like leaves make the trees very decorative in the spring, and bell-shaped, five-lobed flowers the size of a nickel, collected in standing, candle-like, multi-flowered pyramidal panicles up to 20-30 centimeters in height, give them a festive solemnity. This is the chestnut, which botanists called horse chestnut for these unique characteristics.



"The sea splashes in the land of magnolias..."
In our minds, the magnolia flower is associated as a symbol of the warm south. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine the streets of Sochi and cities Southern Crimea without the magnificent magnolia grandiflora trees (M. grandiflora). Back in 1931, Alexander Vertinsky, who had never been to Singapore before, called his song about this tropical city “Tango Magnolia.” In the 1970s, Alexander Morozov’s song “In the Land of Magnolias,” performed by the Ariel ensemble, became a hit.


For many residents of Crimea, almond blossom is a real holiday. From its reddish buds appear white or pink flowers, which bees love. After a few days, the crown of the tree looks like a pink or white cloud with an amazing smell.

On the southern coast of Crimea, Spanish gorse is often cultivated - a rather large shrub with a unique appearance. Its bushes consist only of green twig-like shoots and are completely devoid of leaves. This shrub is often planted on exposed slopes to stabilize them.

The first mention of pistachios goes back centuries - they were known back in 7000 BC. in the territory of modern Turkey and the Middle East. Pistachios were brought to Europe by the Romans in the first century AD. The word “pistachio” itself (“pistachio”) comes from the Italian version of the word “pistah”, which in Arabic means "nut".

Juniper is a type of evergreen coniferous shrubs and trees, of which there are as many as five species in Crimea. Tree-like junipers are “relatives” of cypress trees. Their branches are covered with soft needles with dark-colored cones. purple.


Juniper, pistachio, and many other local plants are listed in the Red Book.


Wisteria, or wisteria, is a popular flowering vine. They grow quickly, winter successfully and bloom stunningly in many countries with mild climates. It is not surprising that gardeners, fascinated by the beauty of blooming wisteria, want to have such a wonderful plant on their site!

You can see real cedars and plane trees everywhere .

The most beautiful street in the city, Pushkinskaya, leads to the Yalta embankment. They grow along ittrees, which have not changed much since the time Konstantin Korovin painted them. They are recognized. When you reach the embankment, turn left and walk a little bit. Him right away You’ll find out, even if you’ve never seen it before. First thought: Pushkin was mistaken, not an oak, Chinargrows atLukomorya...


Yalta embankment and the famous plane tree


Have you heard of silk or cotton trees? This is the name of some species of trees of the bombax family.

Admire such bright fluffy flowers on these trees. Lankaran acacia is a silk miracle of nature. Albizia, sleeping beauty, silk tree - as they name it, a graceful deciduous tree with a rich spreading crown, unlike its relatives. And we call this natural charm Lankaran acacia.

We can talk for a very long time about the trees and shrubs that adorn the southern coast of Crimea - laurel, eucalyptus and Walnut, hazelnuts,... In conclusion, I’ll focus on everyone’s favorite rose hips.

The ancient Greeks used rose hips as medicine. Rosehip was especially valued in the Middle Ages, but even today its fruits are collected on the southern coast of Crimea.


Rose hip strengthens the immune system, increases the body's resistance to bacteria.

Crimea is amazing with its spring colors. Fresh, bright, juicy.
The forest was just getting ready to put on its green outfit, and in the grass there were already
bright dots pleasing to the eye - the first spring flowers. Primroses.

There were primroses for May, I wrote a more detailed article with 30 photos on a website with a beautiful Crimean name ipetri

This year thanks to late spring snowdrops were saved from the annual mass destruction. There was a lot of snow on March 8, and the Red Book flowers survived the women's holiday under the snow. Now, at the end of April, they are there, and it’s interesting. After all, in the past
of the year, mass flowering was observed in March.

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Primrose now dominates the foothills. A fruitful year!

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It is extremely pleasant to hunt these spring flowers! The photo shows that the snowdrops have faded, giving way to their brothers.

Peter's cross scaly

Here's another photo:

8. Toothwort five-leaved

Spring inhabitants of yayla - lumbago or sleep grass. Now is the time for them to flourish!

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We visited Crimea for Easter. This year it fell in mid-April.
My daughter decorated it so interestingly Easter Egg that I could not determine the coloring method.
And can you? ;)
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These, as far as I understand, are forest violets.

But it’s still too early for pink peonies. They'll probably make it in time for May.

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In the Ak-Kai area we found thin-leaved peonies and were very happy, as if we were old acquaintances. Of course, we haven’t seen each other for a whole year! :)
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They didn't miss the willow either.

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And cherries...

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And tiny working beetles, pushing a huge ball together...

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first butterfly...

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The weather was favorable to us, we even got a tan.
Here's where most of the pictures were taken:
(bottom view)

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view from above:

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And a few more little ones.

19. Poultry farmer

The poultry bird gets along well with muscari.

20. Muscari

Actually:

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I will also ask you to identify the next kids. Hall help!

22.Forget-me-not small-flowered, Myosotis micrantha Pall. ex Lehm

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24. Bieberstein's tulip, species not identified.

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26. Periwinkle, Vinca minor
Periwinkle herbaceous, Vinca herbacea Walds

According to the Germans, periwinkle has the ability to ward off evil spirits. But for this it needs to be collected in the fall from August 15 to September 8. According to their beliefs, if you carry a periwinkle picked at this time with you, then neither the devil nor any other person will have any power over the wearer. devilry, and if you hang it above the front door of the house, then all this evil spirits will not have the power to penetrate the house. And therefore, a picked periwinkle should never be thrown into the trash, but always into a stream, so that it does not die of thirst. Periwinkle planted in the garden brings happiness, and placed in a bouquet - lasting love. (from Wikipedia)

Here's what I liked most:

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every flower had to prostrations beat:

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the locals laughed. shaking his tail))

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But the beauty was worth the work!

30. Adonis spring

Thank you for your attention and I would be grateful for your help in identifying specimens No. 7, No. 8 and from 22 to 30 photos.

Special thanks for the photo to the co-participants of the hike, Vladimir Erofeev,
Andrey Shpakovich and Nadezhda Kolbasko.

Crimea is famous not only for its sea and beaches, but also for its unique plants. Trees, shrubs, and herbs fill the air with a pleasant aroma. In total, more than two thousand plant species grow on the peninsula, about 260 of them are listed in the Red Book. Below I have described the most interesting, rare representatives of the Crimean flora.

Bay leaf– one of the most popular spices. In Crimea, it is included in the fund of evergreen plants of the South Coast. The lifespan of a laurel bush is about 300 years. The fruits are black in color and are used to make aromatic oil used for medicinal and technical purposes. The leaves are rich in volatile substances (phytoncides), which have a beneficial effect on human health. main feature– suppression of the development of tuberculosis bacillus. The plant can withstand temperatures down to -13°.

You can see an evergreen plant of the myrtle family with fruits reminiscent of a cucumber in the Crimea today in and in. It grows wild in Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil. Feijoa blooms with beautiful red and white petals, the middle of the flower is decorated with a purple stamen. The tree tolerates frosts up to 12° and drought. The fruits are especially valued for their high iodine content. This property characteristic only of those plants that grow near the Black Sea coast.

The plant (evergreen) reaches a height of 2 - 3 meters. It looks especially impressive during flowering, in May - June. Belongs to the myrtle family, just like eucalyptus, feijoa, and so on. The leaf is dark green in color and fills the space with a fragrant aroma when rubbed. The flowers produce black fruits with pleasant smell. The first plant appeared on the peninsula back in 1815, in the famous botanical garden. Today, myrtle is very rare on the peninsula.

It is not an annual plant of the Sumacaceae genus, of which there are about 20 species. It is one of the most ancient trees; its age can be up to one thousand years. The height of the pistachio with a dense crown and gray bark reaches 8 meters. The leaves are bunched, the flowers do not evoke any special emotions. The fruits are not edible. The root system has unique properties - anti-erosion. Pistachio tolerates drought and frost very well. The leaves have a strong smell of resin, which has healing properties. Pistachio resin is used in medicine.

Corm plants, from the iris family, about 80 species of representatives are included in this group. The height of crocuses varies from 8 to 30 centimeters. On the territory of the peninsula, all wild crocuses are listed in the Red Book. Flowers decorate stone slopes and meadows, delighting tourists with the most beautiful flowers from February to the 15th - 20th of April. The leaves of the plant are narrow, the flowers are light purple or yellow with a graceful bend. On the peninsula you can often find saffron (another name for crocus) in juniper groves.

Herbaceous perennial plants of the legume family - astragalus, number more than 2 thousand species. The height is small - from 5 to 10 centimeters. They feel comfortable in areas of increased drought. Astragalus bristlecone is an endemic species. On south coast Crimea is found on the famous, in the vicinity of Sudak. The best soil for him – crushed stone slopes, rocky surfaces. Enjoy the beauty of extraordinary red-violet flowers possible in May. By the way, many rare species bloom at this time.

Orchid

Scientists disagree on how many species of orchid there are in the orchid genus, and the data vary greatly (from 20 to 35 thousand). Up to 39 species of orchids will melt in Crimea, including rare representative– Comperia Compera. "Comperia" is a relict representative. Beautiful plant up to 50 centimeters in height. The leaves are grayish-green, three to four pieces each. The flowers are quite large and have an unusual shape. The orchid blooms from May to June. Occurs unique plant in the so-called “Crimean Africa” - .

Fern (Bracken fern)

Exactly this rare plant from the entire family of more than 10 thousand species. In Crimea, this fern is represented by only 12 units. You can only see them on the majestic. Evergreen covered with black-brown films on the root. The rhizome is creeping and reproduces by spores in the summer. The leaves are unusually dark green, sometimes even black. The same species is found in Dagestan and Turkmenistan.

An endemic species that grows only in Crimea. This is a common flower, but due to constant destruction it is at risk. Therefore, it is a protected area and is carefully protected by the state. Snowdrop is part of the Amaryllidaceae family, which includes less than 20 species. Grows in shady places. Flowering begins in December - January and continues until the first leaves appear on the trees.

The perennial plant belongs to the ranunculaceae family. Height from 10 to 25 centimeters. It grows mainly in pine and oak forests on rocks. Blooms from February to May. The stem is covered with silvery down, the flowers are fluffy, lilac in color with a yellow center. The buds are large (3 – 3.5 cm). When the flower is closed, it can be confused with one of the types of tulips. With the onset of evening, the flowers close and lower their heads. By morning they bloom again. The plant is rare. Listed and included in the European Red List.

The plant, reaching a height of up to 50 cm, belongs to the peony family. Grows in southern regions Crimea. The leaf is green, elongated, similar to pine needles. The flower is bright red with a diameter of up to 10 centimeters. Flowering begins at the end of April and continues until June. Favorable soil for growth is rocky slopes. Found in the vicinity of Koktebel, in the territory. The largest number of representatives of this species is on Mount Klimentyev.

Perennial plant of the orchid family. Listed in the Red Book. "Slipper" is distinguished by bright green oval-oblong leaves and inflorescences similar to shoes. They flaunt on tall stems, up to 60 centimeters in height. This is where the name came from. During the season of mass flowering, it spreads a pleasant aroma throughout the area, attracting a huge number of insects. It grows mainly in shady forests of mixed type, on the edges, but can sometimes be found in open areas.

A plant listed in the Red Book, only 5 centimeters in height, pleases with its flowering from January to March. This family includes more than 70 species, Colchicum ankara is one of them. The leaves are covered with a bluish coating, the flowers are pink-purple in color, somewhat similar to crocus. The main difference is the simultaneous appearance of inflorescences and leaves. Colchicum belongs to the category of poisonous, so picking it is strongly not recommended. You can get seriously poisoned. Found in steppes and mountain slopes. It looks especially impressive on them.

A perennial plant (ranunculaceae family) that prefers the beech forests of Crimea is as dangerous as it is beautiful. Blue, purple inflorescences are located on a long thin stem. The height can reach 2.5 meters. Flowers usually have irregular shape. Some species are distinguished by yellow inflorescences. In ancient times, aconite was used as one of the means of carrying out a death sentence. Some citizens manage to dig up tubers to plant on summer cottage. Even knowing about the strongest poisonous properties.

The rose grows in. Unlike the above described aconite has healing properties. The flowers look like rose hips when in bloom. The leaves and shoots, when young, exude a pleasant aroma. It is from this plant that, through distillation, incense oil of dark green or Brown. Used in perfumery as an excellent fixing agent. In Eastern countries and Egypt it is used for aromatic smoking. It blooms in white, pink or reddish color, in June - July, no longer than one day.

Iris

Only three types of irises out of 250 grow in Crimea: false calamus, dwarf and Siberian. False irises prefer swampy areas and foothills. The plant has powerful leaves and bright sunny flowers. The dwarf species is named due to its small stature, the maximum to which they grow is 20 centimeters. Flowers of different shades - golden, purple, blue and even brown-yellow. The iris blooms from March to May, decorating large areas. The same cannot be said about Siberian, it is very rare.

It is simply unrealistic to describe all the plants listed in the Red Book of Crimea. There are a huge number of them. But the species listed above, in my opinion, are quite enough to understand how rich, diverse and unique vegetable world peninsula. Have an interesting and enjoyable holiday everyone!