Natural Park “Valley of the Setun River. Natural Park “Valley of the Setun River” Did you know that

Located in close proximity to the Nezhinsky Ark residential complex.

The natural reserve “Valley of the Setun River” is one of the specially protected natural areas regional significance.

Setun River Valley - the largest nature reserve, located within the city of Moscow.

Created in 1998.
The area of ​​the reserve is 693.2 hectares.
Natural monuments: existing – 2 planned for creation – 12 .
Monuments of history and culture - 5 .
Picnic points and recreation areas - 4 .
Sports objects: golf club, stuntmen's association "Setunsky Stan" and children's and youth stuntmen's school "Master", open sports grounds.

Natural features of the reserve

The Setun River flows in the West of Moscow and is the largest right tributary of the Moscow River within the city. The length of the river is 38 kilometers, 17 of which are within the boundaries of the reserve.

The river originates in the area of ​​the village of Rumyantsevo, Moscow region, flows through Solntsevo (about 6 km), crosses the Moscow Ring Road in the Skolkovskoye Highway area, then Aminevskoye Highway, Minskaya Street and flows into the Moscow River below the Berezhkovsky Bridge. On the right it takes Setunka, Troekurovsky Stream, Naverashka, Ramenka and Kipyatka.

The banks of Setun are natural along almost the entire length, which is especially appreciated at the present time. There are many ponds and springs in the Setun River valley. The floodplain meadows and swamps of the reserve are adjacent to small forest areas; willow forests have been preserved along the river bed. In the largest forest areas– in Volynskoe and Matveevskoe there are not only pine, linden and birch trees, but also spruce and alder forests, rare for Moscow. The reserve also includes the Troekurovsky forest, slightly distant from the river.

Surprisingly diverse plant and animal world a natural reserve located almost in the very heart of the metropolis. Birch, oak, linden and even pine forest areas growing on steep and gentle slopes of the river valley are replaced by riverine complexes consisting of willow and gray alder forests; coastal meadows and shrubs surrounding spring water outlets alternate with low-lying swamps.

The modern flora of the reserve includes 384 species of vascular plants, 47 of which are rare for Moscow.

In the forests and meadows you can see the May lily of the valley, small bramble, spring primrose, bells, orchids and other plants listed in the city’s Red Book blooming.

Weasel, black polecat and ermine are found in the Setun floodplain. In the reservoirs you can see water shrew and muskrat. 41 species of vertebrates living in the reserve are rare for Moscow. In total, 5 species of amphibians, 69 species of birds and 18 species of mammals have been recorded in the river valley. 62 species of birds nest on the territory of the reserve. The most numerous are garden and marsh warblers, warblers (ratchet, chiffchaff and willow warbler). Here you can hear the delightful multi-legged trills of the nightingale, the gentle songs of the robin, bluethroats, and watch waterfowl and shorebirds - mallards, moorhens, and sandpipers. Here you can find such rare and endangered species as the wryneck, skylark, yellow wagtail, common shrike, raven, river cricket, and common grosbeak.

Historical and cultural features

Currently, within the boundaries of the natural reserve there are three ancient manor parks: the Troekurovo estate, Spasskoye on Setun, Trinity-Golenichevo.

Architectural monuments located on the territory of the reserve include:

• Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands on Setun (1676),
• Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker with park elements (XVII-XVIII centuries),
• church Life-Giving Trinity in Troitsky-Golenischev (1644-1645),
• Church of the Intercession Holy Mother of God(XVII century),
• country estate of Prince Troekurov (XVIII-XIX centuries).

Muscovites have a unique opportunity to relax in a natural reserve right within the city. It is called “Valley of the Setun River”. The reserve is located in the Western Administrative District of the Russian capital.

What is a reserve?

The fact that there are different types of protected areas is known to everyone. But not everyone understands the difference between, in fact, a nature reserve and a nature reserve. To understand this issue, you need to understand what these concepts mean.

Nature reserves are limited areas of territory in which any economic activity. All natural complex must be preserved in its natural state, tourists are allowed in limited numbers with passes. Nature reserves are also protected areas, but the purpose of protection is not the complete natural complex, but its unique parts. It can only be plants or even them individual species, or some species of animals. There are also reserves in which historical and cultural monuments and geological objects are protected.

The purpose of creating a reserve in the city

In the area of ​​the Setun River Valley, historical and cultural monuments, valuable objects, natural habitats some representatives of the flora and fauna, which in urban conditions may completely disappear.

The reserve allows for research and maintenance of recreational potential; it makes it possible to restore disturbed landscapes and restore biogeocenosis in certain territory. The reserve plays a significant role in environmental education population.

Geographic reference

The resolution on the creation of the Setun River Valley natural reserve was adopted in 1998. The total area of ​​the protected site is more than 693 hectares. 17 km of the river were under protection, and its total length exceeds 38 km. The reserve was officially opened to visitors in 2003. The source of the river should be sought in the Moscow region, near the village of Rumyantsevo. Approximately 6 km of the riverbed passes through Solntsevo. Setun flows into the Moscow River behind the Berezhkovsky Bridge.

The territory of the Setun River Valley reserve covers floodplain meadows, several swamps, numerous ponds and springs. There are also areas of willow forests along the coast and large forests - Volynsky, Matveevsky and Troekurovsky. There are usually no difficulties with the road to the reserve. Buses depart from several metro stations (Pionerskaya, Slavyansky Boulevard, Kuntsevskaya, Molodezhnaya, Yugo-Zapadnaya and Universitet). There are 6 routes to the Setun River Valley.

Flora and fauna of the reserve

Despite the fact that the reserve is located within the city, its flora is quite diverse. Scientists have recorded more than 380 plant species in the Setun River Valley. Almost 50 species are rare for the region. The forests mainly consist of birch, oak, alder and linden. Plants listed in the Red Book are burrs, lilies of the valley, primroses, bells, orchids and others.

The fauna is represented by weasel, black polecat, ermine, water shrew, muskrat and so on. More than 40 species of vertebrates are endangered in Moscow. Amphibians in the reserve are represented by five species, mammals are almost 20 species, birds - about 70. The Setun River Valley is home to a number of invertebrates that are listed in the Red Book of Moscow.

Historical and cultural objects

Guests of the reserve can visit several ancient manor parks (Troekurovo, Spasskoye, Troitse-Golenichevo). There are also several architectural monuments here:

• Churches of the 17th century dedicated to the Savior Not Made by Hands and the Life-Giving Trinity.
• Churches of the 17th-18th centuries dedicated to Nicholas the Wonderworker and the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
• A country estate that belonged to Prince Troekurov.

In addition, along the banks of the river there are elements of settlements and burial places of Slavic tribes. Some of them date back to the pre-Mongol period. Archeology lovers can visit the Matveevskoye settlement, the Setunskoye settlement and the Davydkovsky burial ground.

Types of excursions and entertainment

Educational activities play an important role for the reserve. Of course, many come simply to relax from the bustle of the city, while others arrange romantic dates in nature. But organized tourists prefer ecological excursions. Experienced guides help you find corners of nature that have been preserved in their original form, talk about plants and animals, explain local traditions and legends, and pay great attention to the cultural heritage of the reserve.

What else can the Setun River Valley reserve boast of? Photos taken in this place amaze with its beauty and greenery. It is clean and calm here, despite the fact that there are quite a lot of vacationers. Those who want solitude can simply wander along the banks, and groups of people settle down at equipped picnic points (there are 4 of them on the territory). The reserve has a golf club and several stunt schools, and there are sports grounds with equipment rentals.

| 29.05.2013

The natural reserve “Valley of the Setun River” is the largest “green island” located within the city.

Related materials:

The Setun River flows in the west of Moscow and is the largest right tributary of the Moscow River. The natural reserve stretches along the riverbed and is bordered on both sides by residential and industrial buildings.

Although the territory of the park is a narrow strip stretching from the Moscow Ring Road to the Vorobyovy Gory, its preservation is exclusively great importance cities, supporting biological diversity in areas of the western part of Moscow.

Valley area

There are many ponds and springs in the Setun River valley. The floodplain meadows and swamps of the reserve are adjacent to small forested areas; birch, linden, oak, pine, as well as spruce and alder forests, rare for Moscow, grow on the steep and gentle slopes of the river.

The modern flora of the reserve includes several hundred species of vascular plants, 47 of which are rare for Moscow. In forests and meadows you can see lily of the valley, spring primrose, bells, and orchids listed in the Red Book.

Weasel, black polecat and ermine are found in the Setun floodplain. In the reservoirs you can see water shrew and muskrat. In total, 5 species of amphibians, 69 species of birds and 18 species of mammals have been recorded in the river valley.

Here you can hear the delightful multi-legged trills of the nightingale, the gentle songs of the robin, bluethroats, and watch waterfowl and shorebirds - mallards, moorhens, and sandpipers.

You may be lucky and you will meet such rare and endangered species as the whirligig, skylark, yellow wagtail, common shrike, river cricket, and common grosbeak.

In addition to flora and fauna, there are beautiful ponds and springs in the valley: Troekurovo Estate Pond, Troekurovskie Ponds, a pond on Veresaevo Street, Leshin Spring, a spring on Nezhinskaya Street, Volynsky Spring, a pond on Olof Palme Street and ponds on the Neverashka River.

For lovers of history and archeology, there are the remains of ancient settlements and burials. This is the Matveevskoye settlement, which existed in the pre-Mongol period, with a preserved burial mound cemetery. And also the Davydkovsky burial ground, discovered during the development of a quarry on the left bank of the Setun.

Architectural monuments located on the territory of the reserve include:

• Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands on Setun (1676);
• Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker with park elements (XVII-XVIII centuries);
• Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-Golenishchevo (1644-1645);
• Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary (XVII century);
• country estate of Prince Troekurov (XVIII-XIX centuries).

On weekends, you can have a picnic with, for this purpose there are ten sites in the park, which are located near Starovolynskaya street, no. 1 (4 points), Dorogobuzhskaya street, no. 19 (3), Kremenchugskaya street, no. 36 (2) and Nezhinskaya street, 10-12 (1).

Each picnic point is equipped with a canopy, barbecue grill, a set of furniture (a table and two benches), two concrete bins, and an information stand about the rules of conduct in natural areas.

In addition, on the territory of the valley there is a golf club, an association of stuntmen “Setunsky Stan” and a children’s and youth stunt school “Master”, open sports and playgrounds.

Ecological excursions are held in the reserve. They are focused on understanding nature and, what is especially important, preserving visited natural places in its original form.

All excursions include educational elements and involve immersion in local traditions and culture. The reserve invites all nature lovers to take a walk through the forest areas, which includes getting to know the life of the inhabitants wildlife, as well as with coastal and river landscapes.

• Excursion No. 1 “Nezhin floodplain”

The Nezhensky section of the Setun Valley is one of the most interesting. Here the main expression reaches its maximum natural feature reserve - the presence of large open spaces with meadow areas varying degrees of moisture.

The landscape consists of a floodplain, fragments of terraces above the floodplain and slopes of the indigenous banks of Setun. The length of the route is 1.5 kilometers and the duration is 2-2.5 hours.

• Excursion No. 2 “Matveevsky Forest”

The value of the forest is not in doubt. Back in the 20th century, the Setun Valley at this location was declared a natural monument. The forest occupies one twentieth of the territory from the Moscow Ring Road to the mouth of the river. It is also called the Volyn Forest.

The park is open daily, 24 hours a day.

Map of the Setun River Valley reserve

The Setun River is one of the few nature reserves in the Moscow region. Its length is so great that some of it captures the capital itself. It is worth noting that most of The territory of the reserve is located in the city. This fact became the reason that on its outskirts there are all kinds of buildings of both residential and domestic nature. The Setun River valley, a photo of which can be seen in this article, will be described below.

Reserve

The territory of the reserve is quite diverse in the presence of not only flora, but also fauna. The forest belt has at its disposal both ordinary plants and those that, due to extinction, were listed in the Red Book. Unfortunately, these plants were able to survive only on the territory of the reserve itself and were able to continue their existence only along the banks of the river.

The variety of tree species that the Setun River valley is so rich in is also impressive. Oak, ash, maple and many others that can be found both in the city itself and on the territory of the reserve. But there are also some here that cannot be seen anywhere else. There are also architectural and historical buildings on the territory of the reserve.

Special types of flora

Don’t forget about the medicinal herbs located in the Setun River valley. Here you can find a sufficient variety of plants that are often used in folk medicine. Herbs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are especially popular. The total number of plant species is more than 380. And most of the vegetation belongs to the medicinal category.

Animal world

The fauna of the Setun River valley is also diverse. All kinds of creatures now living on earth were able to safely find shelter here. Here you can find ermine, weasel, and ferret. Muskrat and shrew live closer to the water. You can also find other representatives here, about 40 of which are considered rare and are under state protection. If we try to count all the species that live in the reserve, this figure will almost reach 100.

Amphibians, birds, herbivores - there is no reliable information about the exact number. But in order to understand the scale, there are more than 69 species of birds alone, not to mention all the others. Don’t forget about the vertebrates that the Setun River valley has become home to. There are more than 5 types of them. Due to the fact that hunting is prohibited in the reserve, many animals were able to preserve their species only here.

Attractions

The uniqueness of this place is not only in the flora and fauna. Here you can admire the remains of ancient settlements and monuments different cultures and peoples. Through their study, many new facts and historical events are revealed. The buildings and structures themselves, which are not only historical, but also spiritual, can transport vacationers to a completely different era.

IN beautiful weather local residents and guests of the city often stroll through the ancient manor parks: Troekurovo, Spasskoye and Troetsko-Golenishchevo. Various excursions are organized here, thereby allowing you to plunge into centuries-old memories.

The Setun River valley also has various ancient churches. This natural park is very popular and famous among people of all ages. age categories, and not only representatives like to come here local population. Both children and older people come for excursions and recreation.

Rest

Tourists here will find numerous places for recreation, sports grounds, as well as equipped beaches with the opportunity to take water treatments and sunbathe. All these conditions are unlikely to allow vacationers to get bored with idleness while in a place like the Setun River valley. There are often cases of youth sports clubs going to the park area for the purpose of training in the fresh air.

Active leisure, mesmerizing surrounding nature And Fresh air- all this will be provided to tourists by the reserve. One of the main advantages is the opportunity to meet in real life rare representatives animal world. The reserve is popular not only for excursion activities. The Setun River valley (how to get there - read below) constantly meets older people. They regularly come here to collect medicinal plants.

Getting to the reserve is not particularly difficult: there are several buses from the Universitet metro station (routes No. 103, 130, 187, 260), and only one No. 11 from Kuntsevo. There are several options to easily get to the reserve. You can also book a short excursion to the area, where you can learn more about such a beautiful and magnificent place.

Setun - the largest right tributary of the Moscow River. Despite the proximity of residential and industrial areas, its winding riverbed within the city (17 km long) has preserved its natural surroundings and natural banks. This distinguishes the Setun from other Moscow rivers and makes it a “green corridor” that stretches from the Vorobyovy Gory to the Vakovsky forest park near Moscow.

Story

About the ancient population Setun valley evidenced by the Davydkovsky burial ground of the Bronze Age (2 thousand years BC) and the Matveevsky settlement of the Vyatichi with a burial mound cemetery (XI-XIII centuries). Once upon a time, the word “sedun” (“sagging” place) was used to describe a hollow overgrown with swampy forest between the Tatarovskaya and Teplostanskaya uplands, where the rivers Ramenka, Filka and Setun itself flow.
Three ancient manor complexes have been preserved on the territory of the reserve. Trinity-Golenishchevo(known since the 14th century) belonged to the Golenishchev boyars, and then to Metropolitan Daniel of Moscow. The village received its second name with the construction of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in 1644. Spasskoye-on-Setuni Previously it was the village of Manukhin and belonged to the boyars Larion Sumin, Pushkin and Artamon Matveev. And in 1676, under Matveev, the Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands was erected here. Up the river - Troekurovo. In the XVI - XVII centuries the village was called Khoroshevo and belonged to Ivan the Terrible and the Godunovs. Under the new owners, the Troyekurovs, the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was built here in 1706 (now restored and operational), and then under the Saltykovs a park with ponds was laid out.
IN late XIX new century railway Moscow summer residents began to come to the banks of Setun. Industrial enterprises also appeared. After the revolution, party leaders settled in dacha villages; in Volynsky, the dachas of M.I. Kalinin and I.V. were built. Stalin. Today in these places there are state dachas, the Volynskoye Congress Park and the Golden Keys residential complex.
In 1960, Moscow absorbed the village of Fili and the city of Kuntsevo, and the surrounding area Setuni began to be built up. In 1998, the Setun River Valley nature reserve was created, and large-scale work began to clean up the territory and remove industrial facilities.

Nature of the Setun River valley

IN Setun valley there are springs and ponds (Troekurovsky, Mosfilmovsky and on the golf course); within the city limits, the Troekurovsky Stream and the rivers Navershka, Ramenka and the Kipyatka, enclosed in a pipe, flow into it.
Birch, linden, and oak grow in places on the slopes of the valley; spruce and pine grow in the Volyn Forest; many “patriarch trees” have been preserved in Troekurovsky Park. There are small lowland swamps in the reserve. Gray alder and willow trees grow along the banks of the river: in the Matveevsky forest there are even two-century-old trees. Open spaces are occupied by dry meadows, where there are many beautiful flowering plants And interesting insects. In place of vegetable gardens and wastelands, ruderal communities (“weeds”) appear, which are gradually replaced by meadow forbs, ash-leaved maple, aspen and birch.
In parks it is prohibited to destroy nests, catch insects, or kill animals. And how could it be otherwise?
Out of 25 "Red Book" types of flora in the wet areas in the reserve grow iris aerus, burberry, gorse, snake knotweed, in the meadows - Fischer's carnation, buttercup anemone, spring chin, green strawberry, thyme, bells, navel, licorice-leaved astragalus, knitting elm, cornflower, tar, and under forest canopy - lily of the valley, corydalis, liverwort, fingerroot and cache orchids, ostrich and telipteris ferns. In total, about 400 plant species have been recorded here.
The meadows of the reserve are inhabited by weasels, black polecats and stoats, which mainly hunt voles. Most of the local birds are quail, corncrake, skylark, yellow wagtail, shrike, stonechat, northern chatter- prefer open spaces, but with the presence of shelters in tall grass or bushes. In May, the trills of nightingales, gentle songs of robins, bluethroats, redstarts and coots are heard in the coastal thickets, but the most common here are warblers and warblers. various types.
Live here shorebirds: mallard, moorhen, waders. Muskrats and shrews, amphibians - newts and frogs, penetrate into the river bed, pike, chub, perch and other fish enter and even occasionally spawn. However, the waters of Setun are still polluted by industrial, domestic and agricultural waste, and we must constantly fight for the cleanliness of this picturesque river.
Local residents and public organizations actively help the reserve management to clean up valley of the Setun River from years of rubbish heaps and restore its natural beauty.