Self-attitude questionnaire test stolin panteleev results processing. Methodology for studying self-attitude (test - MIS questionnaire) V.V. Stolin, S.R. Pantileev. test on the topic. Converting raw points to percentages

2. Concept about feeling And incentives, their calling. Basicproperties sensations.

3.Classifications sensations And receptors.

Answers: 1 question.

Sensation is a mental process of reflecting individual elementary properties of reality that directly affect our senses.

More complex cognitive processes are based on sensations: perception, representation, memory, thinking, imagination. Sensations are like the “gate” of our knowledge.

Sensation is sensitivity to the physical and chemical properties of the environment.

Both animals and humans have sensations and the perceptions and ideas that arise from them. However, human sensations are different from those of animals. A person’s feelings are mediated by his knowledge, i.e. socio-historical experience of humanity. By expressing this or that property of things and phenomena in a word (“red”, “cold”), we thereby carry out elementary generalizations of these properties. A person’s feelings are associated with his knowledge, the generalized experience of the individual.

Sensations reflect the objective qualities of phenomena (color, smell, temperature, taste, etc.), their intensity (for example, higher or lower temperature) and duration. Human sensations are as interconnected as the various properties of reality are interconnected.

Sensation is the transformation of the energy of external influence into an act of consciousness.

They provide the sensory basis of mental activity, provide sensory material for constructing mental images

Question 2.

Concept about feeling And incentives, their calling

General sensations are sensations that cannot be attributed to any specific organ or part of the body. These include feelings of hunger and thirst, fatigue, a feeling of stuffiness and sexual desire. From the point of view of sensory physiology, they are united by the fact that they can be caused by one or several adequate stimuli that arise in the body itself, and not in environment. These incentives are perceived by receptors, some of which are not yet known. Adequate incentives not only cause general feelings, but also lead to the emergence of motivations aimed at eliminating the discomfort experienced. This activity is to a certain extent controlled by sensations, and to some extent independent of them. For example, a lack of water in the body leads not only to a feeling of thirst, but also to the search for water and elimination of its deficiency in the body. Consequently, satisfaction of motivations eliminates the cause of the general sensation. Motivations associated with general sensations serve to ensure the survival of the individual and the species as a whole. Motivations are innate and not acquired during the learning process, but throughout life they are modified under the influence of many factors.

Basicproperties sensations.

Any sensation can be described using several properties inherent to it. The main properties of sensations include: quality, intensity, duration and spatial localization.

Quality- This specific feature of a given sensation, distinguishing it from all other types of sensations and varying within a specific modality.

For example, the qualities of the visual modality include

• saturation,

  Color tone.

Quality of hearing sensations:

• volume,

Quality of tactile sensations:

hardness,

roughness, etc.

In foreign literature, the term “submodality” is synonymous with the concept of “quality of sensation.”

Intensity of sensation– a characteristic determined by the strength of the current stimulus and the functional state of the analyzer.

Dependence of sensation intensity E from the physical force of the stimulus S, affecting the analyzer, is mathematically expressed in the basic law of psychophysics, called "Weber-Fechner law":

E = k log S + s.

Intensity of sensation(E) is directly proportional to the logarithm stimulus strength(S); k and s are some constants determined by the specifics of a particular sensory system.

Here is another formulation of the Weber–Fechner law:

If the strength of the stimulus increases in geometric progression, then the intensity of the sensation increases in arithmetic progression. Empirical studies confirm this dependence only for the middle part of the range of perceived stimulus values.

The Weber–Fechner law is usually contrasted Stevens Law, according to which the dependence of E on S is not logarithmic, but power-law in nature: the intensity of the sensation is determined by the degree of physical intensity of the stimulus.

Duration of sensation– its temporal characteristic, determined by the duration of exposure to the stimulus, its intensity, as well as the functional state of the analyzer.

When a stimulus acts on a sense organ, the sensation does not arise immediately, but after a certain period of time, called the “latent (hidden) period of sensation.” For tactile sensations, the latent period is 130 ms, for pain – 370 ms, for taste – 50 ms.

When the stimulus ceases, the sensation does not disappear simultaneously with it, but continues for some time in its absence. This effect is called “aftereffect (or inertia) of sensation.” The short-term preservation of the sensory trace of the influence of the stimulus is carried out in the form of a sequential image, which can be either positive (corresponding in characteristics to the stimulus that caused it) or negative (having opposite characteristics, for example, painted in an additional color).

Spatial localization- this is a characteristic of sensation that allows you to determine the location of the influencing stimulus. Thus, distant sensations contain information about the location of the source of stimulation in space, while contact sensations correspond to that part of the body or point on its surface that is affected by the stimulus.

Question 3.

CLASSIFICATION OF SENSATIONS.

All types of sensations arise as a result of the influence of corresponding stimuli on the sense organs. Sense organs– bodily organs specifically designed for perception, processing and storage of information. They include receptors, nerve pathways that carry stimuli to the brain and back, as well as the central parts of the human nervous system that process these stimuli.

The classification of sensations is based on the properties of the stimuli that cause them and the receptors that are affected by these stimuli. Thus, according to the nature of the reflection and the location of the receptors, sensations are usually divided into three groups:

1. Interoceptive sensations having receptors located in the internal organs and tissues of the body and reflecting the condition internal organs. Signals coming from the internal organs are in most cases less noticeable, with the exception of painful symptoms. Information from interoceptors informs the brain about the states of the internal environment of the body, such as the presence of biologically useful or harmful substances in it, body temperature, the chemical composition of fluids present in it, pressure and much more.

2. Proprioceptive sensations, whose receptors are located in ligaments and muscles, they provide information about the movement and position of our body. Proprioceptive sensations mark the degree of muscle contraction or relaxation and signal the position of the body relative to the direction of gravitational forces (sense of balance). A subclass of proprioception that is sensitivity to movement is called kinesthesia, and the corresponding receptors are kinesthetic or kinesthetic.

3. Exteroceptive sensations reflecting the properties of objects and phenomena of the external environment and having receptors on the surface of the body. Exteroceptors can be divided into two groups: contact And distant. Contact receptors transmit irritation upon direct contact with objects affecting them; they are tactile, taste buds. Distant receptors respond to stimulation emanating from a distant object; distant receptors are visual, auditory, olfactory.

From the point of view of the data of modern science, the accepted division of sensations into external (exteroceptors) and internal (interoceptors) is not enough. Some types of sensations can be considered external-internal. These include, for example, temperature and pain, taste and vibration, muscle-articular and static-dynamic. Vibration sensations occupy an intermediate position between tactile and auditory sensations.

Big role in general process human orientation in the environment is played by sensations equilibrium And acceleration. The complex systemic mechanism of these sensations covers the vestibular apparatus, vestibular nerves and various parts of the cortex, subcortex and cerebellum. Pain sensations that are common to different analyzers and signal the destructive power of the stimulus.

Touch(or skin sensitivity) is the most widely represented type of sensitivity. Included in the sense of touch, along with tactile sensations (sensations of touch: pressure, pain) includes an independent type of sensation - temperature sensations (heat and cold). They are a function of a special temperature analyzer. Temperature sensations are not only part of the sense of touch, but also have an independent, more general significance for the entire process of thermoregulation and heat exchange between the body and the environment.

Unlike other exteroceptors, localized in narrowly limited areas of the surface of the predominantly head end of the body, the receptors of the skin-mechanical analyzer, like other skin receptors, are located over the entire surface of the body, in areas bordering with external environment. However, the specialization of skin receptors has not yet been accurately established. It is unclear whether there are receptors exclusively designed to perceive one stimulus, generating differentiated sensations of pressure, pain, cold or heat, or whether the quality of the resulting sensation may vary depending on the specific property affecting it.

The function of tactile receptors, like all others, is to receive the process of irritation and transform its energy into the corresponding nervous process. Irritation of nerve receptors is the process of mechanical contact of the stimulus with the area of ​​the skin surface in which this receptor is located. With significant intensity of the stimulus, contact turns into pressure. With the relative movement of the stimulus and a section of the skin surface, contact and pressure are carried out under changing conditions of mechanical friction. Here irritation is carried out not by stationary, but by fluid, changing contact.

Research shows that touch or pressure sensations only occur when a mechanical stimulus causes deformation of the skin surface. When pressure is applied to a very small area of ​​skin, the greatest deformation occurs precisely at the site of direct application of the stimulus. If the pressure is applied to a sufficiently large surface, then it is distributed unevenly - its lowest intensity is felt in the depressed parts of the surface, and the highest is felt along the edges of the depressed area. G. Meissner's experiment shows that when a hand is immersed in water or mercury, the temperature of which is approximately equal to the temperature of the hand, pressure is felt only at the boundary of the part of the surface immersed in the liquid, i.e. precisely where the curvature of this surface and its deformation are most significant.

The intensity of the sensation of pressure depends on the speed with which the deformation of the skin surface occurs: the stronger the sensation, the faster the deformation occurs.

Olfaction is a type of sensitivity that generates specific sensations of smell. This is one of the most ancient and vital sensations. Anatomically, the organ of smell is located in most living creatures in the most advantageous place - in front, in a prominent part of the body. The path from the olfactory receptors to those brain structures where the impulses received from them are received and processed is the shortest. Nerve fibers extending from the olfactory receptors directly enter the brain without intermediate switches.

Part of the brain called olfactory is also the most ancient; than at a lower level of the evolutionary ladder it stands Living being, the more space in the brain mass it occupies. In fish, for example, the olfactory brain covers almost the entire surface of the hemispheres, in dogs - about one third, in humans its relative share in the volume of all brain structures is approximately one twentieth. These differences correspond to the development of other sense organs and the importance that this type has sensations for living beings. For some animal species, the importance of smell goes beyond the perception of smells. In insects and great apes smell also serves as a means of intraspecific communication.

In many ways, the sense of smell is the most mysterious. Many have noticed that although smell helps to recall an event, it is almost impossible to remember the smell itself, just as we mentally recall an image or sound. The reason why smell serves memory so well is because the mechanism of smell is closely connected to the part of the brain that controls memory and emotions, although we do not know exactly how this connection works and works.

Flavoring sensations have four main modalities: sweet, salty, sour and bitter. All other sensations of taste are various combinations of these four basic ones. Modality– a qualitative characteristic of sensations that arise under the influence of certain stimuli and reflect the properties of objective reality in a specifically encoded form.

Smell and taste are called chemical senses because their receptors respond to molecular signals. When molecules dissolved in a liquid, such as saliva, excite the taste buds on the tongue, we experience taste. When molecules in the air strike the olfactory receptors in the nose, we smell. Although in humans and most animals taste and smell, having developed from a common chemical sense, have become independent, they remain interconnected. In some cases, for example, when we smell chloroform, we think we smell it, but in fact it is a taste.

On the other hand, what we call the taste of a substance is often its smell. If you close your eyes and pinch your nose, you may not be able to distinguish a potato from an apple or wine from coffee. By holding your nose, you will lose 80 percent of your ability to smell most aromas. food products. This is why people whose noses cannot breathe (runny nose) have difficulty tasting food.

Although our olfactory system is amazingly sensitive, humans and other primates smell much less well than most other animal species. Some scientists suggest that our distant ancestors lost their sense of smell when they climbed trees. Since visual acuity was more important during that period, the balance between various types feelings were disrupted. During this process, the shape of the nose changed and the size of the olfactory organ decreased. It became less subtle and was not restored even when human ancestors descended from the trees.

However, in many animal species the sense of smell is still one of the main means of communication. It is likely that smells are also more important for humans than previously thought.

Typically, people differentiate between each other by relying on visual perception. But sometimes the sense of smell plays a role here. M. Russell, a psychologist from the University of California, showed that infants can recognize their mother by smell. Six out of ten six-week-old babies smiled when they smelled their mother, but did not react or started crying when they smelled another woman. Another experience proved that parents can recognize their children by smell.

Substances have an odor only if they are volatile, that is, they easily pass from a solid or liquid state to a gaseous state. However, the strength of the smell is not determined by volatility alone: ​​some less volatile substances, such as those found in pepper, smell stronger than more volatile substances, such as alcohol. Salt and sugar have almost no odor, since their molecules are so tightly linked to each other by electrostatic forces that they hardly evaporate.

Although we are very good at detecting odors, we are poor at recognizing them in the absence of a visual cue. For example, the smells of pineapple or chocolate would seem to be pronounced, and yet, if a person does not see the source of the smell, then, as a rule, he cannot accurately determine it. He can say that the smell is familiar to him, that it is the smell of something edible, but most people in such a situation cannot name its origin. This is the property of our perception mechanism.

Upper respiratory tract diseases and allergy attacks can block the nasal passages or dull the sense of smell. But there is also a chronic loss of smell, the so-called anosmia.

Even people who have no complaints about their sense of smell may not be able to smell some odors. Thus, J. Emur from the University of California found that 47% of the population do not smell the hormone androsterone, 36% do not smell malt, 12% do not smell musk. Such perceptual characteristics are inherited, and a study of the sense of smell in twins confirms this.

Despite all the shortcomings of our olfactory system, the human nose, as a rule, is better at detecting the presence of odor than any device. Nevertheless, instruments are sometimes necessary to accurately determine the composition of the odor. Gas chromatographs and mass spectrographs are usually used to analyze odor components. The chromatograph isolates odor components, which are then sent to a mass spectrograph, where their chemical structure is determined.

Sometimes a person's sense of smell is used in combination with a device. For example, manufacturers of perfumes and fragrant food additives, in order to reproduce, for example, the aroma of fresh strawberries, use a chromatograph to split it into more than a hundred components. An experienced odor taster inhales an inert gas with these components, one after another, emerging from the chromatograph, and determines the three or four main components that are most noticeable to humans. These substances can then be synthesized and mixed in appropriate proportions to produce a natural aroma.

Ancient Eastern medicine used smells for diagnosis. Often doctors, lacking sophisticated equipment and chemical tests to make a diagnosis, relied on their own sense of smell. In ancient medical literature there is information that, for example, the smell emitted by a patient with typhus is similar to the aroma of freshly baked black bread, and from patients with scrofula (a form of tuberculosis) the smell of sour beer emanates.

Today, doctors are rediscovering the value of smell diagnostics. It has been discovered that the specific smell of saliva indicates gum disease. Some doctors are experimenting with odor catalogs - pieces of paper impregnated with various compounds whose odor is characteristic of a particular disease. The smell of the leaves is compared with the smell emanating from the patient.

In some medical centers There are special installations for studying the smells of diseases. The patient is placed in a cylindrical chamber through which a stream of air is passed. At the outlet, the air is analyzed by gas chromatographs and mass spectrographs. The possibilities of using such a device as a tool for diagnosing a number of diseases, especially diseases associated with metabolic disorders, are being studied.

Smell and smell are much more complex phenomena and influence our lives to a greater extent than we believed until recently, and it seems that scientists dealing with these problems are on the verge of many amazing discoveries.

Visual sensations- a type of sensation caused by exposure to electromagnetic waves on the visual system in the range from 380 to 780 billionths of a meter. This range occupies only part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Waves that are within this range and differ in length give rise to sensations of different colors. The table below presents data reflecting the dependence of color sensations on the length of electromagnetic waves. (The table presents data developed by R.S. Nemov)

The visual apparatus is the eye. Light waves reflected by an object are refracted as they pass through the lens of the eye and are formed on the retina in the form of an image - an image. The expression: “It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times,” speaks of the greatest objectivity of the visual sensation. Visual sensations are divided into:

Achromatic, reflecting the transition from darkness to light (from black to white) through a mass of shades of gray;

Chromatic, reflecting a color spectrum with numerous shades and color transitions - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.

The emotional impact of color is related to its physiological, psychological and social meaning.

Auditory sensations are the result of a mechanical effect on receptors sound waves with an oscillation frequency from 16 to 20,000 Hz. Hertz is a physical unit that measures the frequency of air vibrations per second, numerically equal to one vibration per second. Fluctuations in air pressure that follow with a certain frequency and are characterized by the periodic appearance of areas of high and low pressure, are perceived by us as sounds of a certain height and volume. The higher the frequency of air pressure fluctuations, the higher the sound we perceive.

There are three types of sound sensations:

Noises and other sounds (occurring in nature and in the artificial environment);

Speech (related to communication and mass media);

Musical (artificially created by man for artificial experiences).

In these types of sensations, the auditory analyzer identifies four sound qualities:

Strength (loudness, measured in decibels);

Height (high and low frequency of oscillations per unit time);

Timbre (original coloring of sound - speech and music);

Duration (sounding time plus tempo-rhythmic pattern).

It is known that a newborn is able to recognize distinct sounds of varying intensities from the very first hours. He can even distinguish his mother's voice from other voices saying his name. The development of this ability begins during the period of intrauterine life (hearing, as well as vision, functions already in a seven-month fetus).

In the process of human development, sensory organs have also developed, as well as the functional place of various sensations in human life in terms of their ability to “deliver” biologically significant information. For example, optical images formed on the retina of the eyes (retinal images) are light patterns that are important only insofar as they can be used to recognize the non-optical properties of things. An image cannot be eaten, just as the image itself cannot be eaten; biologically the images are unimportant.

This cannot be said about all sensory information in general. After all, the senses of taste and touch directly convey biologically important information: an object is hard or hot, edible or inedible. These feelings give the brain the information it needs to stay alive; moreover, the significance of such information does not depend on what the given object is as a whole.

This information is also important in addition to identifying objects. Whether the sensation of a burn appears in the hand from the flame of a match, from a hot iron, or from a stream of boiling water, the difference is small - in all cases the hand is withdrawn. The main thing is that there is a feeling of a burn; It is this sensation that is transmitted directly, but the nature of the object can be established later. Reactions of this kind are primitive, subperceptual; these are reactions to physical conditions, not to the object itself. Recognition of an object and response to its hidden properties appear much later.

In the process of biological evolution, the first to appear were, apparently, feelings that provide a reaction to precisely those physical conditions that are directly necessary for the preservation of life. Touch, taste and the perception of temperature changes had to arise before vision, since in order to perceive visual images, they need to be interpreted - only in this way can they be connected with the world of objects.

The need for interpretation requires a complex nervous system (a kind of “thinker”), since behavior is guided by intuitions about what objects are rather than by direct sensory information about them. The question arises: did the appearance of the eye precede the development of the brain or vice versa? In fact, why do we need an eye if there is no brain capable of interpreting visual information? But, on the other hand, why do we need a brain that can do this if there are no eyes capable of “feeding” the brain with relevant information?

It is possible that development followed the path of transforming a primitive nervous system that responded to touch into a visual system that served primitive eyes, since the skin was sensitive not only to touch, but also to light. Vision probably developed from a reaction to shadows moving across the surface of the skin - a signal of imminent danger. Only later, with the advent of an optical system capable of forming an image in the eye, did object recognition appear.

Apparently, the development of vision went through several stages: first, light-sensitive cells, previously scattered over the surface of the skin, were concentrated, then “eye cups” were formed, the bottom of which was covered with light-sensitive cells. The “glasses” gradually deepened, as a result of which the contrast of shadows falling on the bottom of the “glass” increased, the walls of which increasingly protected the photosensitive bottom from oblique rays of light.

The lens, apparently, at first was simply a transparent window that protected the “eye glass” from contamination by particles floating in sea water - then it was a permanent habitat for living beings. These protective windows gradually thickened in the center, since this gave a quantitative positive effect - it increased the intensity of illumination of the light-sensitive cells, and then a qualitative leap occurred - the central thickening of the window led to the appearance of an image; This is how a real “image-creating” eye appeared. Ancient nervous system- touch analyzer - received at its disposal an ordered pattern of light spots.

SELF-ATTITUDE TEST QUESTIONNAIRE

(V.V. Stolin, S.R. Panteleev)

The Self-Attitude Questionnaire (SAS) test is built in accordance with the hierarchical model of the structure of self-attitude developed by V.V. Stolin. This version The questionnaire allows us to identify three levels of self-attitude, differing in the degree of generalization:

1) global self-attitude;

2) self-attitude differentiated by self-esteem, autsympathy,

self-interest and expectations of attitude towards oneself; 3) the level of specific actions (readiness for them) in relation to

to your "I".

The difference between the content of the “I-image” (knowledge or idea of ​​oneself, including in the form of assessing the severity of certain traits) and self-attitude is taken as the initial one. In the course of life, a person gets to know himself and accumulates knowledge about himself, this knowledge constitutes the meaningful part of his ideas about himself. However, knowledge about himself, naturally, is not indifferent to him: what is in it. reveals itself, turns out to be the object of his emotions, assessments, becomes the subject of his more or less stable self-attitude.

The questionnaire includes the following scales:

Scale S – measures the integral feeling “for” or “against” the subject’s own “I”.

Scale I – self-esteem. Scale II – autosympathy.

Scale III – expected attitude from others. Scale IV – self-interest.

The questionnaire also contains seven scales aimed at measuring the severity of attitudes towards certain internal actions to "I"

test subject.

Scale 1 – self-confidence.

Scale 2 – attitude of others. Scale 3 – self-acceptance.

Scale 4 – self-leadership, self-consistency. Scale 5 – self-blame.

Scale 6 – self-interest. Scale 7 – self-understanding.

Global self-attitude- internally undifferentiated feeling

"for" and "against" yourself.

Self-esteem is a 15-item scale that combines statements

relating to “internal consistency”, “self-understanding”, “self-confidence”. It's about about that aspect of self-attitude that emotionally and meaningfully unites faith in one’s strength, abilities, energy, independence, assessment of one’s capabilities, control own life and be self-consistent, self-aware.

Autosympathy is a 16-item scale that combines items in

which reflect friendliness-hostility towards one’s own “I”. The scale included items related to “self-acceptance” and “self-blame.” IN

In terms of content, the scale on the positive pole combines self-approval in general and in significant particulars, self-confidence and positive self-esteem, on the negative pole – seeing mostly shortcomings in oneself, low self-esteem, readiness for self-accusation. The items indicate such emotional reactions to oneself as irritation, contempt, mockery, self-judgment (“and it serves you right”).

Self-interest is an 8-point scale that reflects the degree of closeness to oneself, in particular, interest in one’s own thoughts and feelings, willingness to communicate with oneself “as equals,” and confidence in one’s interest to others.

Expected attitude from others– a 13-item scale reflecting expectations of positive or negative attitude to those around you.

Instructions to subjects.

You are asked to respond to the following 57 statements. If you agree with this statement, put the “+” sign, if you disagree, then put the “–” sign.

Questionnaire text

1. I think that most of my friends treat me with sympathy.

2. My words are not so often at odds with my deeds.

3. I think that many people see in me something similar to yourself.

4. When I try to evaluate myself, I first see my shortcomings.

5. I think that as a person I may well be attractive to

6. When I see myself through the eyes of a person who loves me, I am unpleasantly struck by how far my image is from reality.

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

7. My “I” is always interesting to me.

8. I believe that sometimes it is not a sin to feel sorry for yourself.

9. There are, or at least were, people in my life with whom I was extremely close.

10. Self respect I still have to earn it.

11. It happened, more than once, that I bitterly hated myself;

12. I completely trust my sudden desires.

13. I wanted to change myself in many ways.

14. My own "I" does not appear to me something worthy of deep attention.

15. I sincerely want everything to be good in my life.

16. If I belong to to someone with reproach, then first of all to yourself.

17. To a casual acquaintance I will most likely seem like a pleasant person.

18. Most often I approve of my plans and actions.

19. My own weaknesses cause me something like contempt.

20. If I split into two, then it would be quite interesting for me to communicate with my double.

21. I feel some of my qualities as extraneous, alien to me.

22. It is unlikely that anyone will be able to feel their similarity to me.

23. I have enough ability and energy to bring my plans to life.

24. I often make fun of myself, not without mockery.

25. The smartest thing a person can do in his life is to submit to his own destiny.

26. An outsider, at first glance, will find a lot of repulsive things in me.

27. Unfortunately, if I said something, this does not mean that this is exactly what I will do.

28. Your attitude towards yourself can be called friendly;

29. It is quite natural to be indulgent towards your own weaknesses.

30. I can’t be interesting to my loved one for a long time.

31. Deep down I wish it could happen to me something catastrophic.

32. It’s unlikely that most of my friends will like me.

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

33. It is very pleasant for me to see myself through the eyes of someone who loves me.

person.

34. When I have any desire, I first of all ask myself whether it is reasonable.

35. Sometimes I think that if Some wise person could see right through me, he would immediately understand what a nonentity I am.

36. At times I admire myself.

37. You could say that I value myself quite highly.

38. Deep down, I just can’t believe that I’m really an adult.

39. I can't do much without outside help.

40. Sometimes I don't understand myself well.

41. I am greatly hampered by a lack of energy, will and determination.

42. I think that others generally rate me quite highly.

43. In my personality there is probably something that can cause

at others' dislike.

44. Most of my friends don't take me that seriously.

45. I quite often make myself feel irritated.

46. I can quite say that I am humiliating myself.

47. Even my negative traits do not seem foreign to me.

48. Overall, I'm happy with who I am.

49. I can hardly be loved for real.

50. My dreams and plans lack realism.

51. If my second “I” existed, then for me it would be the most boring communication partner.

52. I think I could find it mutual language with any reasonable and knowledgeable person.

53. What happens in me, as a rule, is clear to me.

54. My advantages completely outweigh my shortcomings.

55. It is unlikely that there will be many people who will blame me for the absence

56. When troubles happen to me, as a rule, I say: “Serves you right.”

57. I can say that overall I am in control of my destiny.

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

Counting order

The indicator for each factor is calculated by summing the statements with which the subject agrees, if they are included in the factor with positive sign and statements with which the subject does not agree if they are included in the factor with a negative sign. Received "raw score"

for each factor is translated, according to the tables below, into accumulated frequencies (in %).

Processing key

Item numbers and the sign with which the item is included in the corresponding factor.

Scale S (integral):

"+": 2, 5, 23, 33, 37, 42, 46, 48, 52, 53, 57.

"–": 6, 9, 13, 14, 16, 18, 30, 35, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 49, 50, 56.

Self-Esteem Scale (I):

"+":2, 23, 53, 57.

"–":8, 13, 25, 27, 31, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 50.

Autosympathy scale (II):

"+": 12, 18, 28, 29, 37, 46, 48, 54. "–": 4, 9, 11, 16, 19, 24, 45, 56.

Scale of expected attitude from others (III):

"+": 1, 5, 10, 15, 42, 55. "–": 3, 26, 30, 32, 43, 44, 49.

Self-interest scale (IV):

"+": 7, 17, 20, 33, 34, 52.

Self-Confidence Scale (1);

"+": 2, 23, 37, 42, 46. "–": 38, 39, 41.

Attitudes of Others Scale (2):

"+": 1, 5, 10, 52, 55.

Self-Acceptance Scale (3).

"+": 12, 18, 28, 47, 48, 54 "–": 21.

Self-consistency (self-leadership) scale (4):

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

"–": 25, 27, 31, 35, 36.

Self-blame scale (5):

"+": 3, 4, 9, 11, 16, 24, 45, 56.

Self-Interest Scale (6):

"+":17, 20, 33. "–": 26, 30, 49, 51.

Self-understanding scale (7):

"–": 6, 8, 13, 15, 22, 40.

Tables for converting “raw scores” into accumulated frequencies (%)

"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies	"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies
"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies	"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

Factor III
"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies	"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies		"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies
"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies		"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies
"Raw score"		Accumulated frequencies		"Raw score"	Accumulated frequencies

Interpretation of results

45-55 points is the average statistical norm. A person perceives himself adequately and correctly evaluates his behavior 5570 points – an inflated level of self-esteem

4045 points – low level of self-esteem.

It is not recommended to interpret more than 80 and less than 40 points, because

such data were obtained under the influence of secondary conditions, for example, under the influence of social desirability.

Glukhanyuk N.S. Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook. manual – 2nd ed., re-rub. and additional – M.: Publishing house of the Moscow Psychological and Social Institute, 2005. – 216 p.

Methodology for studying self-attitude (test - MIS questionnaire) V.V. Stolin, S.R. Pantileev. Methodology for studying self-attitude (MIS test, MIS questionnaire) V.V. Stolina, S.R. Pantileeva is constructed in accordance with the hierarchical model of the structure of self-attitude developed by V.V. Stolin. The multidimensional self-attitude survey questionnaire was created by S.R. Pantileev in 1989 and contains 110 statements distributed across 9 scales. This version of the questionnaire allows us to identify three levels of self-attitude, differing in the degree of generalization:

1) global self-attitude;

2) self-attitude, differentiated by self-esteem, autsympathy, self-interest and expectations of attitude towards oneself;

3) the level of specific actions (readiness for them) in relation to one’s “I”. The difference between the content of the “I-image” (knowledge or idea of ​​oneself, including in the form of assessing the severity of certain traits) and self-attitude is taken as the initial one. In the course of life, a person gets to know himself and accumulates knowledge about himself, this knowledge constitutes the meaningful part of his ideas about himself. However, knowledge about himself, naturally, is not indifferent to him: what is revealed in it turns out to be the object of his emotions, assessments, and becomes the subject of his more or less stable self-attitude. Methodology for studying self-attitude (test - MIS questionnaire) V.V. Stolin, S.R. Pantileev:

Instructions for the MIS method:Read the sentences carefully and put a plus on a separate form next to the number of each statement, if you agree with this statement, or a minus, if you disagree with this statement.

Test material (questions)

1. My words quite rarely diverge from deeds.

2. To a casual person, I will most likely seem like a pleasant person.

3. I always treat other people's problems with the same understanding as I approach my own.

4. I often have the feeling that what I talk to myself about in my mind is unpleasant to me.

5. I think that all my friends treat me with sympathy.

6. The most reasonable thing a person can do in his life is not to resist his own destiny.

7. I have enough ability and energy to bring my plans to life.

8. If I split into two, it would be quite interesting for me to communicate with my double.

9. I am incapable of causing heartache to the dearest and most beloved people.

10. I believe that it is not a sin to sometimes feel sorry for yourself.

11. Having made some mistake, I often cannot understand how it could have occurred to me that something good could have come out of my plan.

12. Most often I approve of my plans and actions.

13. There is probably something in my personality that can cause acute hostility in others.

14.When I try to evaluate myself, I first of all see my shortcomings.

15. I can’t be interesting to my loved one for a long time.

16. You can say that I value myself quite highly.

19. It happened, more than once, that I acutely hated myself.

20.I am greatly hampered by a lack of energy, will and determination.

21. Circumstances arose in my life when I made a deal with my own conscience. 22.Sometimes I don’t understand myself well.

23. Sometimes it’s excruciatingly painful for me to communicate with myself.

24. I think that I could easily find a common language with any reasonable and knowledgeable person.

25. If I treat someone with reproach, then first of all I treat myself.

26.Sometimes I doubt whether it is possible to truly love me.

27. Often my arguments with myself are interrupted by the thought that everything will still not turn out the way I decided.

28.My attitude towards myself can be called friendly.

29. It’s unlikely that there will be people who don’t like me.

30.I often make fun of myself, not without mockery.

31.If my other “I” existed, then for me it would be a rather boring communication partner.

32. It seems to me that I have developed enough as a person, and therefore I do not spend much effort on becoming different in some way.

33. In general, I am satisfied with who I am.

34. Unfortunately, too many people do not share my views on life.

35.I can fully say that I respect myself.

36.I think that I have an intelligent and reliable adviser in myself.

37. I quite often cause myself a feeling of irritation.

38.I often, but rather unsuccessfully, try to change something in myself.

39.I think that my personality is much more interesting and richer than it might seem at first glance.

40.My advantages completely outweigh my shortcomings.

41.I rarely remain misunderstood about what is most important to me.

42. I think that others generally rate me quite highly.

43. What happens to me is the work of my own hands.

44. If I argue with myself, I am sure that I will find the only correct solution.

45. When troubles happen to me, as a rule, I say: “Serves you right.”

I don't think I'm spiritually interesting enough to be attractive to many people.

47. I often have doubts about whether I really am what I imagine myself to be.

48. I am incapable of betrayal even in my thoughts.

49. Most often I think of myself with friendly irony.

50. It seems to me that few people would think badly of me.

51. I am sure that you can rely on me in the most important matters.

52. I can say that in general I am in control of my destiny.

53.I never pass off other people’s thoughts that I like as my own.

54. No matter how I may seem to others, I know that deep down I am better than most others.

55. I would like to remain as I am.

56. I am always happy to criticize myself if it is justified and fair.

57. It seems to me that if there were more people like me, life would change in better side.

58.My opinion has sufficient weight in the eyes of others.

59. Something prevents me from truly understanding myself.

60. There is a lot in me that hardly evokes sympathy.

61. In difficult circumstances, I usually do not wait for problems to resolve themselves.

62. Sometimes I try to pretend that I am not who I am.

63. It is quite natural to be indulgent towards your own weaknesses.

64. I became convinced that deep penetration into oneself is an unpleasant and rather risky activity.

65. I never get irritated or angry without special reasons.

66. I have had moments when I realized that there was something to despise me for.

67. I often feel that I have little influence on what happens to me.

68. It is the richness and depth of my inner world that determine my value as a person.

69. Long arguments with myself more often leave a bitter aftertaste in my soul than bring relief.

70. I think that communicating with me gives people sincere pleasure.

71. To be frank, sometimes I can be very unpleasant.

72.You can say that I like myself.

73.I am an unreliable person.

74. The fulfillment of my desires depends little on luck.

75. My inner “I” is always interesting to me.

76. It’s very easy for me to convince myself not to get upset over trifles.

77. People close to me tend to underestimate me.

78. I often have moments in my life when I am disgusted with myself.

79. It seems to me that I still don’t know how to be truly angry with myself.

80. I became convinced that it is better not to count on me in serious matters.

81. Sometimes it seems to me that I am somehow strange.

82. I am not inclined to give in to difficulties.

83. My own “I” does not seem to me to be something worthy of deep attention.

84. It seems to me that by deeply thinking about my internal problems, I have learned to understand myself much better.

85. I doubt that I inspire sympathy among most people around me.

86. I have happened to do things that can hardly be justified.

87. Somewhere deep down I consider myself a weakling.

88. If I sincerely accuse myself of something, then, as a rule, the accusatory fuse does not last long.

89. My character, whatever it may be, suits me completely.

90. I can fully imagine what awaits me ahead.

91. Sometimes it is difficult for me to find a common language with my inner “I”.

92. Most of my thoughts about myself come down to accusations against myself.

93. I would not like to change much, even for the better, because every change is the loss of some dear part of myself.

94. Too often the result of my actions is not what I expected.

95. There is hardly anything about me that I don’t know.

96. I still lack a lot to say with confidence to myself: “Yes, I have fully matured as a person.”

97. Both my advantages and my shortcomings coexist quite peacefully in me.

98. Sometimes I provide “selfless” help to people just to make myself look better in my own eyes.

99. I too often and unsuccessfully have to justify myself to myself.

100.Those who don’t love me simply don’t know what kind of person I am.

101. Convincing myself of something is not particularly difficult for me.

102.I do not lack people who are close and understand me.

103. It seems to me that few people truly respect me.

104.If you don’t waste time on trifles, then in general there is nothing to blame me for.

105. I created myself the way I am.

106.Others' opinions of me are quite consistent with my own.

107.I would really like to change myself in many ways.

108.I am treated the way I deserve.

109. I think that my fate will still not turn out the way I would like now.

110.I am sure that I am in the right place in life.

MIS test key.

Numbers of questionnaire items and the sign with which the item is included in the corresponding factor.

Scale 1. Openness

“+”: 1, 3, 9, 53, 56, 65.

"-": 21, 48, 62, 86, 98.

Scale 2. Self-confidence

“+”: 7, 24, 30, 35, 36, 51, 52, 58, 61, 73, 82.

"-": 20, 80, 103.

Scale 3. Self-leadership

“+”: 43, 44, 45, 74, 76, 84, 90, 105, 106, 108, 110.

"-": 109.

Scale 4. Mirror Self

“+”: 2, 5, 29, 41, 50, 102.

"-": 13, 18, 34, 85.

Scale 5. Self-worth

“+”: 8, 16, 39, 54, 57, 68, 70, 75, 100.

"-": 15, 26, 31, 46, 83.

Scale 6. Self-acceptance

“+”: 10, 12, 17, 28, 40, 49, 63, 72, 77, 79, 88, 97.

Scale 7. Self-attachment

“+”: 6, 32, 33, 55, 89, 93, 101, 104.

"-": 96, 107.

Scale 8. Conflict

“+”: 4, 11, 22, 23, 27, 38, 47, 59, 64, 69, 81, 91, 94, 99.

Scale 9. Self-blame

“+”: 14, 19, 25, 37, 60, 66, 71, 78, 87, 92.

For each match with the key, one point is awarded. The obtained “raw” results are converted into walls in accordance with the table. The received “raw” points are converted into walls on a special scale.

Table for converting “raw” points into walls.

Walls
Scale 1
Scale 2							11-12
Scale 3								9-10
Scale 4
Scale 5							9-10			13-14
Scale 6
Scale 7
Scale 8						8-10	11-12
Scale 9

Interpretation of the MIS questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the following scales:

1. Openness. Openness or defensiveness towards oneself. Either it is internal honesty, criticality, or conformity and a pronounced motivation for social approval.

2. Self-confidence.Treating yourself as a confident, independent, strong-willed person worthy of respect is a high pole. Dissatisfaction with your capabilities, a feeling of weakness, doubts about your ability to command respect - this is a low pole.

3. Self-leadership.The idea that the subject himself is a source of activity, both in activity and in areas related to the individual; a pronounced experience of one’s Self as an internal core that organizes one as a person in activity and communication; the feeling that fate is in his own hands, the ability to cope with emotions and worries about himself is a high pole. Experience of depression of his self external conditions, poor self-regulation, lack of tendency to look for the reasons and results of actions and activities, as well as his personal characteristics in himself - this is the low pole.

4. Reflected self-attitude.The idea that his personality, character and activities are capable of arousing respect, sympathy, approval and understanding from other people, i.e. the expected, positive attitude towards oneself is the high pole. The absence of such a representation is a low point.

5. Self-worth . Feeling valued self and the perceived value of one's self to others; emotional assessment of your Self, according to the internal, intimate criteria of spirituality, the wealth of the inner world is a high pole. Doubt about the value of one’s own personality, underestimation of one’s spiritual self, detachment and indifference, loss of interest in one’s self and one’s inner world– this is the low pole.

6. Self-acceptance. A feeling of sympathy for oneself, agreement with one’s inner impulses. Acceptance of oneself as one is, a friendly, condescending attitude towards oneself is a high pole. Poor performance partly coincides with self-blame.

7. Self-attachment.This is the desire or unwillingness to change oneself. The high pole is complete acceptance of oneself, even to the point of complacency, some rigidity of the self-concept, denial of the possibility, desire to develop oneself, even for the better. Sometimes it is attachment to an inadequate image of the Self, as one of defense mechanisms self-awareness. Low pole – desire changes, dissatisfaction with oneself, craving for corresponding ideal ideas about oneself.

8. Internal conflict.Availability internal conflicts, doubts, disagreements with oneself, excessive self-examination, reflection against the general negative background of one’s attitude towards oneself – this is the high pole. Closedness, denial of the problem, superficial complacency; high internal conflict is accompanied by severe depressive states - this is the low pole.

9. Self-blame.High marks are close to self-deprecation. Self-blame, denial of emotions addressed to oneself. This is a willingness to blame oneself for one’s own mistakes and failures. Low ratings– internal tension and openness to the perception of negative emotions addressed to oneself.

The factorization of intercorrelation matrices of scale values ​​made it possible to identify 3 independent factors.

Self-respect. This factor included the values ​​of the scales: openness (internal honesty) (1), self-confidence (2), self-leadership (3), mirror “I” (reflection of self-attitude) (4). The set of scale values ​​expresses the assessment of the subject’s own “I” in relation to social-normative criteria: morality, success, will, determination, social approval.

Autosympathy. This factor included the values ​​of the scales: self-worth (5), self-acceptance (6) and self-attachment (7). These scales in their purest form reflect the emotional attitude of the subject to his “I”.

Internal unrest.This factor contains the values ​​of the scales: internal conflict (8), self-blame (9). This factor is associated with a negative self-attitude, independent of autosympathy and self-esteem.

Have you ever thought about how you feel about yourself? Maybe you were too picky about yourself Lately, demanding unrealistic things from yourself, or maybe you have been underestimating your capabilities for a long time and, as a result of this, you have a low attitude towards yourself.

Stolin Self-Attitude Questionnaire - purpose

The test - Stolin's self-attitude questionnaire was created to identify one of the levels of a person's self-attitude. Thus, it is generally accepted that there are the following stages in a person’s relationship to himself:

1. The stage of certain actions (or readiness for them) in relation to a person’s personal “I”.
2. The stage of self-attitude, which is differentiated by autsympathy, expectations of personal interests in oneself, self-esteem and self-interest.
3. The stage of the individual’s global attitude towards himself.

The initial stage is considered to be differences in the content of the internal image of the individual (“I-image”). These are a person’s ideas or knowledge about himself, his relationship to himself, not excluding the form by which certain traits are expressed. Because Throughout his life, each person is engaged in continuous self-knowledge, accumulating knowledge about himself, then this knowledge is one of the meaningful parts of the personality in the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhimself. This knowledge becomes the object of a person’s assessments, his emotions, and turns into the subject of human self-attitude.

The Stolin-Panteleev self-attitude questionnaire test includes the following levels:

1. Level S is global attitude personality to itself. It determines the integral feeling of the subject, that is, the “yes” or “no” of his inner self.
2. Level 1 – self-respect.
3. Level 2 – autosympathy.
4. Level 3 is the attitude that a person expects from others towards himself.
5. Level 4 – personal interest in oneself.

Also, the Panteleev-Stolin self-attitude questionnaire includes seven levels, which are aimed at identifying the expression of certain internal actions aimed at the personal “I” of the person being tested.

1. Level 1 – self-confidence of the individual.
2. Level 2 – the attitude of others towards the subject.
3. Level 3 – self-acceptance.
4. Level 4 – ability to control oneself.
5. Level 5 – self-blame.
6. Level 6 – self-interest.
7. Level 7 – understanding your personal actions, decisions, etc.

Self-attitude questionnaire Stolin – Panteleev - instructions.

You need to answer the 57 statements below. Put “+” or “-“ depending on your answer.

1. My friends treat me well.
2. My words and deeds are one whole.
3. People around me see in me something similar to my inner self.
4. I see my shortcomings more often.
5. I am an attractive person to others.
6. My image is far from my real self.
7. I'm always interested in myself.
8. I often feel sorry for myself.
9. I have people with whom I am close.
10. I don't deserve self-respect.
11. Sometimes I hate myself.
12. I trust all my desires.
13. I want to change myself.
14. I don’t pay attention to my “I”.
15. I want everything to be great in life.
16. I treat myself with reproach.
17. To a stranger I will seem like a pleasant person.
18. I approve of personal actions.
19. I hate my weaknesses.
20. I would be curious to communicate with my double.
21. Some of my qualities are foreign to me.
22. Not everyone will feel like they are like me in some way.
23. I will bring my plans to life.
24. I often joke about myself.
25. The best thing to do is to obey.
26. A stranger will only see something repulsive in me.
27. Just because I haven’t said everything doesn’t mean that’s what I’ll do.
28. My attitude is friendly.
29. I am lenient when it comes to personal weaknesses.
30. I am not interesting to my beloved all the time.
31. Sometimes I want something terrible to happen to me.
32. I'm not calling pleasant emotions from your friends.
33. I am pleased when I see myself through the eyes of my beloved.
34. I ask myself if this is humane when desires arise.
35. I am nothing.
36. Sometimes I admire myself.
37. I value myself.
38. I can't believe I'm an adult.
39. I can't do much without the help of others.
40. Sometimes I don't understand myself.
41. Lack of energy and determination.
42. People around me appreciate me.
43. I am disliked.
44. They don't take me seriously.
45. I make myself irritable.
46. I humiliate myself.
47. Negative and positive features– this is my one whole.
48. I'm happy with my self.
49. I won't be truly loved.
50. My dreams are not realistic.
51. My other self would be boring to socialize with.
52. I will find a common language with an intelligent person.
53. I don't understand everything that's happening in me.
54. I have more advantages.
55. I won't be accused of dishonesty.
56. If there is trouble, I answer: “Serves you right”
57. I control my destiny.

You should summarize the statements with which you agree if they are included in the “+” factor and the negative statements if they are included in negative factors. You will receive a "raw score". It is converted based on table values ​​into frequencies (%).

The Self-Attitude Questionnaire (SAS) test is built in accordance with the hierarchical model of the structure of self-attitude developed by V.V. Stolin. This version of the questionnaire allows us to identify three levels of self-attitude, differing in the degree of generalization:

1. global self-attitude;
2. self-attitude differentiated by self-esteem, autsympathy, self-interest and self-expectations;
3. the level of specific actions (readiness for them) in relation to one’s “I”.

The difference between the content of the “I-image” (knowledge or idea of ​​oneself, including in the form of assessing the severity of certain traits) and self-attitude is taken as the initial one. In the course of learning about oneself and accumulating knowledge about oneself, this knowledge constitutes the content part his ideas about himself. However, knowledge about himself, naturally, is not indifferent to him: what is revealed in it turns out to be the object of his emotions, assessments, and becomes the subject of his more or less stable self-attitude.

The questionnaire includes the following scales:

S – measures the integral feeling “for” or “against” the subject’s own “I”.
Scale I – self-esteem.
Scale II – autosympathy.
Scale III – what is expected from others.
Scale IV – self-interest.

The questionnaire also contains seven scales aimed at measuring the severity of attitudes towards certain internal actions addressed to the “I” of the subject.

Scale 1 – self-confidence.
Scale 2 – attitude of others.
Scale 3 – self-acceptance.
Scale 4 – self-leadership, self-consistency.
Scale 5 – self-blame.
Scale 6 – self-interest.
Scale 7 – self-understanding.

Global self-attitude- an internally undifferentiated feeling of “for” and “against” oneself.

Self-esteem– from 15 items that combined statements relating to “internal consistency”, “self-understanding”, “self-confidence”. We are talking about that aspect of self-attitude that emotionally and meaningfully unites faith in one’s strength, abilities, energy, independence, assessment of one’s capabilities, control one’s own and be self-consistent, understanding oneself.

Autosympathy– a scale of 16 points, combining , which reflects friendliness and hostility towards one’s own “I”. The scale included items related to “self-acceptance” and “self-blame.” In terms of content, the scale on the positive pole combines self-approval in and in significant particulars, self-confidence and positive self-esteem, on the negative pole - seeing oneself primarily as shortcomings, low self-esteem, and readiness to self-blame. The items indicate such emotional reactions to oneself as irritation, contempt, mockery, self-judgment (“and it serves you right”).

Self-interest– a scale of 8 points, reflects the degree of closeness to oneself, in particular, interest in thoughts and feelings, readiness to be “on an equal footing” with oneself, confidence in one’s interest to others. Expected attitude from others is a 13-item scale reflecting the expectation of positive or negative attitude towards oneself from others.

Instructions: You are asked to answer the following 57 . If you agree with this statement, put a “+” sign; if you disagree, put a “–” sign.

Questionnaire text

1. 1. I think that most of my friends treat me with sympathy.


2. 2. My words are not so often at odds with my deeds.


3. 3. I think that many people see in me something similar to themselves.


4. 4. When I try to evaluate myself, I first of all see my shortcomings.


5. 5. I think that as a person I may well be attractive to others.


6. 6. When I see myself loving me, I am unpleasantly struck by how far my image is from reality.


7. 7. My “I” is always interesting to me.


8. 8. I believe that sometimes it is not a sin to feel sorry for yourself.


9. 9. There are, or at least were, people in my life with whom I was extremely close.


10. 10. I still need to earn my own respect.


11. 11. It happened, more than once, that I bitterly hated myself;


12. 12. I completely trust my sudden desires.


13. 13. I myself wanted to remake myself in many ways.


14. 14. My own “I” does not seem to me to be something worthy of deep attention.


15. 15. I sincerely want everything to go well in my life.


16. 16. If I treat anyone with reproach, it is first of all towards myself.


17. 17. To a casual acquaintance, I will most likely seem like a pleasant person.


18. 18. Most often I approve of my plans and actions.


19. 19. My own weaknesses cause me something like contempt.


20. 20. If I split into two, it would be quite interesting for me to communicate with my double.


21. 21. Some of my qualities are like strangers to me.


22. 22. It is unlikely that anyone will be able to feel their similarity to me.


23. 23. I have enough ability and energy to realize my plans.


24. 24. I often make fun of myself, not without mockery.


25. 25. The most reasonable thing a person can do in his life is to submit to his own destiny.


26. 26. An outsider, at first glance, will find a lot of repulsive things in me.


27. 27. Unfortunately, even if I said something, this does not mean that this is exactly what I will do.


28. 28. Your attitude towards yourself can be called friendly;


29. 29. It is quite natural to be indulgent towards your own weaknesses.


30. 30. I can’t be interesting to my loved one for a long time.


31. 31. Deep down, I would like something catastrophic to happen to me.


32. 32. It’s unlikely that most of my friends will like me.


33. 33. I feel very pleased with myself through the eyes of the person who loves me.


34. 34. When I have any desire, I first of all ask myself whether it is reasonable.


35. 35. It seems to me that if some wise person could see right through me, he would immediately understand what a nonentity I am.


36. 36. At times I admire myself.


37. 37. You can say that I value myself quite highly.


38. 38. Deep down, I just can’t believe that I’m human.


39. 39. I can’t do much without outside help.


40. 40. Sometimes I don’t understand myself well.


41. 41. I am greatly hampered by a lack of energy, will and determination.


42. 42. I think that others generally rate me quite highly.


43. 43. There is probably something in my personality that can cause hostility in others.


44. 44. Most of my friends don't take me that seriously.


45. 45. I quite often make myself feel irritated.


46. 46. ​​I can quite say that I humiliate myself.


47. 47. Even my negative traits do not seem alien to me.


48. 48. In general, I am satisfied with who I am.


49. 49. It’s unlikely that anyone can truly love me.


50. 50. My dreams and plans lack realism.


51. 51. If my other “I” existed, then for me this would be the most boring communication partner.


52. 52. I think that I could find a common language with any reasonable and knowledgeable person.


53. 53. What happens in me, as a rule, is clear to me.


54. 54. My advantages completely outweigh my shortcomings.


55. 55. There are hardly many people who will accuse me of lack of conscience.


56. 56. When troubles happen to me, as a rule, I say: “Serves you right.”


57. 57. I can say that in general I am in control of my destiny.

Counting order: The score for each factor is calculated by summing the statements with which the subject agrees, if they are included in the factor with a positive sign, and the statements with which the subject disagrees, if they are included in the factor with a negative sign. The resulting “raw score” for each factor is converted, according to the tables below, into accumulated frequencies (in %).

Processing key:

Item numbers and the sign with which the item is included in the corresponding factor.

Scale S (integral):
“+”: 2, 5, 23, 33, 37, 42, 46, 48, 52, 53, 57.
“–”: 6, 9, 13, 14, 16, 18, 30, 35, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 49, 50, 56.

Self-Esteem Scale (I):
“+”: 2, 23, 53, 57.
“–”: 8, 13, 25, 27, 31, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 50.

Autosympathy scale (II):
“+”: 12, 18, 28, 29, 37, 46, 48, 54.
“–”: 4, 9, 11, 16, 19, 24, 45, 56.

Scale of expected attitude from others (III):
“+”: 1, 5, 10, 15, 42, 55.
“–”: 3, 26, 30, 32, 43, 44, 49.

Self-interest scale (IV):
“+”: 7, 17, 20, 33, 34, 52.
“–”: 14, 51.

Self-confidence scale (1):
“+”: 2, 23, 37, 42, 46.
“–”: 38, 39, 41.

Attitudes of Others Scale (2):
“+”: 1, 5, 10, 52, 55.
“–”: 32, 44.

Self-Acceptance Scale (3):
“+”: 12, 18, 28, 47, 48, 54.
“–”: 21.

Self-consistency (self-leadership) scale (4):
+": 50, 57.
“–”: 25, 27, 31, 35, 36.

Self-blame scale (5):
“+”: 3, 4, 9, 11, 16, 24, 45, 56.
«–»:

Self-interest scale (6):
“+”: 17, 20, 33.
“–”: 26, 30, 49, 51.

Self-understanding scale (7):
"+": 53.
“–”: 6, 8, 13, 15, 22, 40.

Tables for converting “raw scores” into accumulated frequencies (%) Factor S

"Raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"Raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	0	16	74,33
1	0,67	17	80,00
2	3,00	18	85,00
3	5,33	19	88,00
4	6,33	20	90,67
5	9,00	21	93,33
6	13,00	22	96,00
7	16,00	23	96,67
8	21,33	24	98,00
9	26,67	25	98,33
10	32,33	26	98,67
11	38,33	27	99,67
12	49,00	28	99,67
13	55,33	29	100,00
14	62,67	30	100,00
15	69,33

Factor I		Factor II
"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	1,67	0	0,33
1	4,00	1	3,67
2	6,00	2	9,00
3	9,33	3	16,00
4	16,00	4	21,67
5	25,33	5	28,00
6	44,67	6	37,33
7	34,00	7	47,00
8	58,67	8	58,00
9	71,33	9	69,67
10	80,00	10	77,33
11	86,67	11	86,00
12	91,33	12	90,67
13	96,67	13	96,67
14	99,67	14	98,33
15	100,00	15	99,67
		16	100,00

Factor IV		Factor 1
"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	0,67	0	3,77
1	2,00	1	7,33
2	5,33	2	16,67
3	16,00	3	29,33
4	29,00	4	47,67
5	49,67	5	65,67
6	71,33	6	81,33
7	92,33	7	92,33
8	100,00	8	100,00

Factor 2		Factor 3
"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	0,00	0	2,67
1	0,67	1	7,67
2	3,67	2	16,67
3	7,33	3	34,33
4	15,00	4	50,67
5	32,00	5	70,67
6	51,33	6	89,67
7	80,00	7	100,00
8	100,00

Factor 4		Factor 5
"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	3,00	0	1,67
1	9,67	1	4,67
2	25,67	2	15,00
3	38,33	3	27,67
4	60,33	4	43,33
5	79,67	5	60,67
6	92,00	6	81,67
7	100,00	7	96,67
		8	100,00

Factor 6		Factor 7
"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)	"raw score"	Cumulative frequencies (in %)
0	0,67	0	4,33
1	3,00	1	21,33
2	11,33	2	43,33
3	20,00	3	68,67
4	34,33	4	83,67
5	54,67	5	94,00
6	80,00	6	99,33
7	100,00	7	100,00

Indicator value:

• less than 50– the sign is not expressed;
• 50-74 – the sign is expressed;
• more than 74– the sign is clearly expressed.

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