What types of worms are there, their varieties, descriptions and characteristics of representatives of different species. Participation of worms in the formation of rocks

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Dal Vladimir

worm

m. worm, worm; worm, worm, worm, worm ver. (from the belly, womb); a ringed, legless animal that crawls and reptiles; In common parlance, caterpillars are also called worms, esp. carnivores, in the body of animals or in corpses, as well as gutters and worms. The perch bites on a worm, takes on an earthworm, an earthworm. A worm in the dust is God's creation. He won't even crush a worm, meek man. The worm will eat all flesh. Kill the worm, have a snack for hunger. Like a worm in a nut, there is sadness in the heart. Not just a worm that accidentally eats a person, but a worm that eats a person! Even a worm succeeds forever. Without God, even a worm will devour. Earthworms crawl out - to bad weather.

Worms, plural red suit in cards, with heart-shaped points; Vlad's hooves

Worm, hypoglossal ligament, frenulum, in humans and animals.

Worms, tul. surega, buckwheat kvass dough, mashed into a sieve and sprinkled with vegetable oil. Worm-like, worm-like, worm-like, related to worms. Worm tin where anglerfish keep their worms. Worm profit, from a worm. Chervezhnik m. Chervezhnitsa w. whoever drives the caterpillars tinkers with them; who digs for worms on the fishing rod, etc. Wormy, in which the worms have appeared, what has been eaten by them. Wormy corpse; - apple, tree, wormhole, wormhole, wormhole, wormhole is also a passage, a hole made by a worm. Pear with a wormhole. Wormboy for bread, for coniferous forest. Worm tree. Worm-broken, worm-beaten bread, forest, fruits. A wormhole is not a reproach for a red apple. Worthy south. north wormy. Basok (red on the outside), but dark-colored. To worm something, to make something wormy; worm, become wormy, be eaten by worms, caterpillars. Cherva baby, baby, devil, offspring of bees, eggs, caterpillars and larvae; each black cell contains one testicle; The bees feed the caterpillars with beebread and bread, and the larva is sealed tightly with wax; this is a printed or covered devil. To draw, about the uterus, to sow, to seed, to lay eggs. Blackened cells, blackened, each containing a testicle. Worm, worm a hive, transplant a nest, foundation with worm, from hive to hive. Chervlenye, active according to verb.

The creation of a uterus of cherry, children, the production of testicles, offspring. Cherit, the same thing where they say devil instead of worm. The uterus began to draw. Chervenitsa arch. a type of shovel used to dig worms for fishing.

Plant, see buglaz. Chervitsa, legless lizard hot countries. Wormworm, Coecilia, a reptile of hot countries, similar to a snake, a legless toad; other types of her eyeslessness. The scale insect is the insect Coccus, cochineal, which produces the paint scale scale; a simple analysis of it: a stationery seed.

Composition of antimony and sulfur, kermes. Cherven m. old. the month of June, time to collect worms in the western provinces;

church yarn or fabrics dyed with worms. Wormworm m. Barbada plant? turnip?

Plant. Potentilla argentea. Wormgrass m. Wormworm, wormy grass and wormweed, woodworm or wormweed, zabirukha, ironweed, male toadweed? gourd? milk, rake, five-leaf, ulubnik, dog; In southern and western Rus', worms are collected from its roots.

The mealybug and mealybug are also plants. Scleranthus annuus, diwala, sapless grass, cochineal, gum, clerical root.

Wormweed plant Thlaspi arvense, jarutka, moneyman, talaban, verednik, toadwort, golichek, comelek, klopets? Chervenitsa (wormwort), dye plant, Anchusa tinctoria. Scarlet, worm-like, crimson and crimson, the color of a worm, bright crimson. Chlamys of scarlet, church. And sometimes the royal coffin is made of wood, lined with cherry velvet in the middle and worm-like on top, Kotoshikhin. The banner is scarlet, the bangs are scarlet, The Tale of Igor's Campaign. Scarlet scarlet, scarlet f. clothes of this color are now more ceremonial outerwear of the sovereign, ermine covered with worm cloth, mantle, purple.

Worm, scarlet yarn. Chervlenichny, from crimson yarn, fabric. Chervlenets m. paint chervets, chervtsevaya, gaff, crimson, crimson. Scarletness w. purplishness, purplishness. To scarlet, to paint with scarlet paint; turn scarlet, become scarlet, turn purple, turn purple. Sunset, sunrise turns scarlet. Chervlen cherlen or cherled, bright red vohra, ferruginous clay, which is used to paint fences, roofs, etc. Chervonny yuzhn. zap. red, scarlet, bright red.

To worms, card suit, related. Ace of hearts. Chervonka, red card. Chervony noun. or chervonets m. gold coin about three rubles for silver, beam, Dutch gold. Red gold, the kindness that goes into chervonets. Vermigonal (worm-running) drugs, anthelmintics. Chervogon, chervogon, plant. Zygophillum. Worm-shaped, worm-shaped, worm-shaped or worm-like, similar to a worm.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

worm

worm, m. Old name the letters "ch".

worm

worm, plural worms, worms, m.

An oblong, soft-bodied, boneless animal. Earthworm. You are buried in the bitter cold, the greedy worm has not touched you. Nekrasov.

Insect larva (colloquial). Silkworms.

trans. Insignificance (rhetor.). I am a king, I am a slave, I am a worm, I am a god. Derzhavin.

trans. Symbolic designation of painful, excruciating anxiety (book). A worm of suffering lurked in my chest. A.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.

worm

I, plural -and, -ey, m.

A boneless crawling animal with an elongated body. Flat, annelid worms. Earthen ch. Mulberry ch. (silkworm caterpillar).

trans., what. In combination with the words “doubt”, “repentance”, “envy” and some others: about a hidden, constantly tormenting feeling. Hours of doubt sharpen the heart.

adj. wormy, -th, oh (to 1 meaning).

New explanatory dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

worm

1. An invertebrate animal that moves by bending its long body.

   decomposition An insect larva similar to such an animal.

   Usage as a symbol of painful, painful anxiety.

m. Pathetic, insignificant person; nonentity.

m. The name of the letter of the ancient Slavic or old Russian alphabet.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

Worm (novel)

"Worm", "Doll" - last novel English writer John Fowles, published in 1985. The work describes the fictional events preceding the birth of the founder of the Shaker sect, Anna Lee, moved by the author one year forward compared to real events, in February 1737. The title of the novel, explained by the author in the prologue, refers to the meaning of the English word used at the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th century maggot, which had the meaning of “whim, fantasy”; other possible interpretations the names become clearer as the story progresses. The style and metanarrative techniques used by Fowles allowed critics to classify this novel as postmodern literature.

The chronology of the events of the novel is clearly indicated; they begin at the end of April 1736, when a group of the main participants in the events described is formed. Described from different points of view, at first as some personal vision of the author, they are later conveyed from a third person and in the form of interrogations conducted under oath by the lawyer Henry Askew on behalf of his noble employer, probably the Duke, concerned about the disappearance of his youngest son. The external side of events gradually becomes clearer, according to which the disappeared man, calling himself “Mr. Bartholomew,” accompanied initially only by his deaf-mute servant Dick, hires three companions to make a mysterious journey. These companions are London's Rebecca Hocknell, actor John Lacey and unemployed David Jones. Each of them, during the interrogation process, sets out different versions of what happened, according to the degree of their awareness and life views. From their testimony, the reader learns that the educated and alien to life’s temptations “Bartholomew”, wanting to come into contact with certain “guardians of the waters”, and fearing surveillance of himself on the way through Exmoor, hires Lacey and Jones so that with their presence they distract the attention to yourself. Rebecca's role remains unclear. The version proposed at the beginning that she was hired to participate in an orgy and then a satanic rite is refuted by Rebecca’s own version, according to which she witnessed “Bartholomew” communicating with members of the Trinity, first at Stonehenge and then in a Devonshire cave; “Bartholomew” himself returned to Heaven, where he, in a sense, came from. A modern reader in its description may assume a story about contact with an extraterrestrial civilization or time travelers. The last part of the book is devoted to the further life of Rebecca and her family, who replaced their initially Quaker beliefs with more radical ones, close to the Camisards.

Throughout the book, the author shares his attitude to what is happening, explains the motivations of the characters in the story based on the ideas of various classes characteristic of that time about the predetermination of their position, the role of their "", individualism, women's rights, progress. The author also provides various details about the life and laws of England in the 1730s, placing his work in a historical context. Thus, mention is made of the Witchcraft Law adopted a year before the events described, which made it illegal to accuse someone of witchcraft; adopted, providing for severe punishments for the most minor offenses. The novel also contains references to literary works and authors of the 18th-19th centuries. Thus, Fowles writes that he sought to use the techniques of Daniel Defoe. He also reports that John Lacey acted in Henry Fielding's play "Pasquin" - interestingly, what is the title of one of this author's plays. The reference in one of Askew's letters to the unrest caused by the captain's actions in Edinburgh may be a reference to the novel Edinburgh Dungeon by Walter Scotus, which describes these unrest, and the style of the narration is reminiscent of Fowles's techniques in that novel. Moreover, the story of the appearance of the devil in the form of a black man, told in Scot's novel through the mouth of his character David Deans, is reminiscent of the version of events at Stonehenge told by Rebecca to David Jones.

The novel was translated into Russian twice: by V. Lanchikov as “Worm” in 1996, and by A. Safronov and O. Serebryannaya as “Doll” in 2011.

Examples of the use of the word worm in literature.

Romuald - young rotting West Africa, avant-garde bank worms.

These goods were sea animals: sponges, tunicates, sea anemones, all kinds of sea ​​stars, molluscs, barnacles, worms, creeping flowers of the sea, sea ​​urchins- spiny, inconspicuous bigheads, crabs, Sea Horses, sea goats are so transparent that they hardly give a shadow - in a word, a fabulous, multifaceted world of smaller brothers, the inhabitants of the ocean.

At home, secluded in his stone cell and settled on the worn-out worms On the table, a heavy copper inkwell, brought with him, Alexy translated the fiery words of the Teacher, who rejected all earthly gain, and immediately remembered who and what kind of bribe should be given tomorrow in the secret of the great Chartophylact and who should not be offended by handing a bribe to his blood enemy.

Amirani cut off the last head of the dragon, three crawled out worm: white, yellow and blue.

Where the flies will sit, there worms they start where their anda is, there is cunning, deceit, deception.

Every person is secretly gnawing worm anti-state feelings, because any power puts pressure.

During the years of perestroika, when worm anti-state feelings were fed to incredible proportions, all parts of the state were under fire - from economic bodies, the military-industrial complex, the army and the police to the school education system and orphanages.

He stepped on sea cucumbers that were peacefully swallowing mud, on starfish that slowly crawled along the bottom, on marble-white sac-like ascidians that burst under his heavy soles, on calcareous tubes worms, sticking out their feathery gills with the finest branched pattern of the circulatory system.

Lifting Guyer with difficulty, he tipped him over the edge of the basket just as the giant red worm rammed the wall - to stop such a monster, little aerosol was sprayed.

There the girls, while we were carrying canoes, managed to dig worms for fishing and steal an old iron iron with an unclear past and future.

We got acquainted with ulva - sea lettuce, whose wide leaves are edible, and with red algae, phyllophora and coralline, and with sea worms, which hide in tube houses, and with the sea acorn, one of the most tenacious and tenacious stowaways.

On the plate was written: CHIGI CAPELLA Built according to the design of Raphael All interior decoration was created by Lorenzo Bernini Langdon re-read the inscription twice, but he was still chewing on it worm doubts.

A scorching heat burst through the armored glass, fiery worm disappeared from view, but by the trembling of the air above the slope, by the clouds of steam and the sheaves of crackling sparks into which the bushes turned, we realized that he was moving towards the top of the hill.

I hit, choose the last trump card, win back B10 worms, I move to the table for the queen of spades and my missing diamonds fly to the ace worms and the king of clubs.

Dissolve me quickly, what could be burning like that, not Rzhavyi’s intestines? Worm, In fact?

Annelids have the most high organization compared to other types of worms; they develop a secondary body cavity for the first time, circulatory system, more highly organized nervous system. U annelids inside the primary cavity, another, secondary cavity was formed with its own elastic walls made of mesoderm cells. It can be compared to airbags, one pair in each segment of the body. They “swell”, fill the space between the organs and support them. Now each segment received its own support from the bags of the secondary cavity filled with liquid, and the primary cavity lost this function.

They live in soil, fresh and sea water.

External structure

The earthworm has an almost round body in cross section, up to 30 cm long; have 100-180 segments, or segments. In the anterior third of the body there is a thickening - the girdle (its cells function during the period of sexual reproduction and egg laying). On the sides of each segment there are two pairs of short elastic setae, which help the animal when moving in the soil. The body is reddish-brown in color, lighter on the flat ventral side and darker on the convex dorsal side.

Internal structure

Characteristic feature internal structure is that earthworms have developed real tissues. The outside of the body is covered with a layer of ectoderm, the cells of which form the integumentary tissue. The skin epithelium is rich in mucous glandular cells.

Muscles

Under the cells of the skin epithelium there is a well-developed muscle, consisting of a layer of circular muscles and a more powerful layer of longitudinal muscles located under it. Powerful longitudinal and circular muscles change the shape of each segment separately.

The earthworm alternately compresses and lengthens them, then expands and shortens them. Wave-like contractions of the body allow not only crawling through the burrow, but also pushing the soil apart, expanding the movement.

Digestive system

The digestive system begins at the front end of the body with the mouth opening, from which food enters sequentially into the pharynx and esophagus (in earthworms, three pairs of calcareous glands flow into it, the lime coming from them into the esophagus serves to neutralize the acids of rotting leaves on which the animals feed). Then the food passes into the enlarged crop and a small muscular stomach (the muscles in its walls help grind the food).

The midgut stretches from the stomach almost to the posterior end of the body, in which, under the action of enzymes, food is digested and absorbed. Undigested remains enter the short hindgut and are thrown out through the anus. Earthworms feed on half-rotted plant remains, which they swallow along with the soil. As it passes through the intestines, the soil mixes well with organic matter. Earthworm excrement contains five times more nitrogen, seven times more phosphorus and eleven times more potassium than regular soil.

Circulatory system

The circulatory system is closed and consists of blood vessels. The dorsal vessel stretches along the entire body above the intestines, and below it is the abdominal vessel.

In each segment they are united by a ring vessel. In the anterior segments, some annular vessels are thickened, their walls contract and pulsate rhythmically, thanks to which blood is driven from the dorsal vessel to the abdominal one.

The red color of blood is due to the presence of hemoglobin in the plasma. It plays the same role as in humans - nutrients dissolved in the blood and spread throughout the body.

Breath

Most annelids, including earthworms, are characterized by cutaneous respiration; almost all gas exchange is provided by the surface of the body, therefore the worms are very sensitive to moist soil and are not found in dry sandy soils, where their skin quickly dries out, and after rains, when in the soil a lot of water, crawling to the surface.

Nervous system

In the anterior segment of the worm there is a peripharyngeal ring - the largest cluster nerve cells. The abdominal nerve cord with nodes of nerve cells in each segment begins with it.

This nodular type nervous system was formed by the fusion of nerve cords on the right and left sides of the body. It ensures the independence of the joints and the coordinated functioning of all organs.

Excretory organs

The excretory organs look like thin, loop-shaped, curved tubes, which open at one end into the body cavity and at the other outside. New, simpler funnel-shaped excretory organs - metanephridia - remove harmful substances into external environment as they accumulate.

Reproduction and development

Reproduction occurs only sexually. Earthworms are hermaphrodites. Their reproductive system is located in several segments of the anterior part. The testes lie in front of the ovaries. When mating, the sperm of each of the two worms is transferred to the seminal receptacles (special cavities) of the other. Cross fertilization of worms.

During copulation (mating) and oviposition, girdle cells on the 32-37 segment secrete mucus, which serves to form an egg cocoon, and a protein liquid to nourish the developing embryo. The secretions of the girdle form a kind of mucous coupling (1).

The worm crawls out of it with its back end first, laying eggs in the mucus. The edges of the coupling stick together and a cocoon is formed, which remains in the earthen hole (2). Embryonic development of eggs occurs in a cocoon, from which young worms emerge (3).

Sense organs

The sense organs are very poorly developed. U earthworm There are no real organs of vision; their role is played by individual light-sensitive cells located in the skin. The receptors for touch, taste, and smell are also located there. Earthworms are capable of regeneration (easily restore the back part).

Germ layers

The germ layers are the basis of all organs. In annelids, the ectoderm ( outer layer cells), endoderm (inner layer of cells) and mesoderm (intermediate layer of cells) appear early in development as three germ layers. They give rise to all major organ systems, including the secondary cavity and the circulatory system.

These same organ systems are subsequently preserved in all higher animals, and they are formed from the same three germ layers. This is how higher animals repeat in their development evolutionary development ancestors

The types of worms bred on verifer farms are diverse and they belong to invertebrates. In turn, if you are interested in what kind of worms there are, then you need to know that representatives of this family have a classification and numerous varieties, but they all have an oblong body, as well as a front and rear end. The body of the worm is enclosed in a skin-muscular sac.

Types

The type of worms can be the following:

• flat;
• ciliary;
• tape;
• round;
• ringed

The characteristics of worms include their structure and size, which can be different. The body of the bulk of worms is elongated, has a thread-like shape and is slightly flattened, if we talk about a flatworm or tapeworm. If we take the round and ringed one, then its body is cylindrical in cross-section, similar to a circle.

Body size roundworms can be quite small and can only be seen well with a microscope, but there are also species that are impressive in size, one or two meters in length and even more.

Flat

Flatworms have, as their name suggests, a flat (even flattened), symmetrical body on both sides, the head and tail are clearly defined. Representatives of this species lack respiratory organs and blood vessels. The exchange of gases occurs throughout the body. The musculocutaneous pouch consists of epithelium and 2 layers of muscle - circular and longitudinal.

Speaking briefly about the nervous system of flatworms, it is worth noting that in almost all species it is composed of longitudinal columns (dorsal, abdominal and lateral). U individual species There are cells of touch, as well as organs that help the worm navigate and distinguish between chemicals. compound environment, which allows them to navigate quite confidently.

Most flatworms are hermaphrodites. This means that they have both male and female cells. However, they cannot fertilize themselves. When mating, two individuals tightly touch each other with their abdominal parts and sperm are exchanged. As a result, each individual will independently lay eggs.

This video tells everything about the life activity and structure of a flatworm

Ciliated worms are distinguished by their oval shape - the surface of the body is covered with ciliated epithelium. With the help of these cilia the worm communicates with outside world. They live in both salt and fresh water, some species live on land. In the front part of the body of ciliated worms there are organs of touch and a mouth on the abdomen.

The musculocutaneous pouch contains circular, longitudinal and diagonal muscles. The skin contains glands that secrete mucus, which is necessary for the worm to glide. In some species it is toxic and with the help of them it can kill prey.

Curious!!! The ciliated worm has pharyngeal glands that secrete an enzyme necessary for digestion. The worm can attack various small crustaceans, which it is unable to swallow. In such a situation, he injects this enzyme into the victim, and then eats the half-digested mass.

Reproduction of this species occurs similarly to flat ones.

The size of tapeworms can be either completely microscopic or quite impressive, up to ten meters. The body of the tapeworm is divided into segments. In the front part is the head, which has microscopic suckers; in front of it is the neck, which is constantly turning into new segments. It is through this process that the worm grows. All segments contain reproductive organs. Worms of this species are cross-fertilized and eggs mature in all segments.

The roundworm has a long body shape that is circular in cross section. The mouth is located in the front of the body. The intestinal tract is straight. The back part ends with an opening through which the intestinal tract is emptied. The body is covered with a specific cuticle. Between it and the intestinal tract there are longitudinal muscles and 4 chords, which have different purposes. The dorsal and abdominal ones provide nerve trunks, and the lateral ones contain the sensory nervous system and excretory channels.

Curious!!! Growing in the process of life, worms of this species are freed from old skin, replacing it with new one. This type can reproduce without mating. Very often, the appearance of larvae occurs in the body of the worms themselves.

Ringed

Ringed animals are considered the most organized of all species. Its body is made up of single segments. This species does not shed its cuticle during its life, which increases as its body grows. Their body is covered with chitinous bristles, which are its limbs. The movement of individuals of this species occurs due to muscle contraction or with the help of bristles.

Under the skin there are longitudinal and circular muscles. The body of worms of this species contains a specific liquid. The intestinal tract is straight, the digestive tract has a through structure.

Curious!!! In individuals of this species, the blood supply system is closed and includes a pair of vessels, one of which is located on the back and the other on the abdomen. Blood, depending on the type, can be different color from red to colorless.

If we talk about the nervous system, it is quite primitive and consists of two nodes, the head and the abdominal. All segments of the body of worms of this species have their own nerve ganglion. Some species have eyes on the head, while others have tactile cells on the body. They can reproduce without pairs.

This video shows what types of annelids there are and everything about their structure and life activity.

In everyday language, the term "worm" is applied to various living forms, such as larvae, insects, millipedes, centipedes, and even some vertebrates. All types of worms are divided into several groups:

1. Flatworms

Family planarians lives in fresh water. They are hermaphrodites (have male and female reproductive organs). They have a simple brain (ganglia) and nervous system, a arrow-shaped head and two eyespots. They have the ability to regenerate.

Trematodes or flukes have complex life cycles, and they live within one or more hosts. These worm species are characterized by a well-developed digestive system with a mouth at the front end and one or more suckers surrounding the mouth. The suckers are used to remain attached to the inner surface of the host's body.

2. Tapeworms

Tapeworms come in all shapes and sizes. Regardless of whether they are on a rain-soaked sidewalk, trash container or at the end of a fishhook, the worms most people know are of the segmented variety.

Nematoda have successfully adapted to almost every ecosystem from marine (salt water) to fresh water, to soils, from polar regions to the tropics, and from the highest to the lowest altitudes. These worms are ubiquitous in freshwater, marine and terrestrial environments, where they often outnumber other animals and are found in places as diverse as mountains, deserts and ocean trenches.

4. Annelids

Annelids(Nereis, sea mouse, sandworm, earthworm, tubifex, leeches).
Annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, "little ring"), also known as annelids or segmented worms, are big type with over 17,000 extant species, including earthworms and leeches. Species of these worms are adapted to different ecologies - some live in marine environment, such as intertidal zones and hydrothermal vents, others in fresh water as well as wet terrestrial habitats.

Earthworms

Any person inclined to work on the earth has repeatedly encountered these shiny, pinkish-brown tubular life forms that hastily disappeared into the comforting damp darkness of the soil. These are known to everyone earthworms. Let us note a few of their features:

1. Earthworms are incredibly diverse, with approximately 6,000 species worldwide. Some of the most familiar species to see in your garden are the night crawler (which can be seen after dark), the angle worm (a popular fishing bait) or the earthworm.
2. Of the 180 species of earthworms found in the United States and Canada, 60 are invasive species, brought from the Old World.
3. Lacking lungs or other specialized respiratory organs, earthworms breathe through their skin.
4. The skin emits a lubricating fluid that facilitates movement through underground burrows and helps keep the skin moist.
5. Each earthworm is both male and female, producing both eggs and sperm. One end of their body is more sensitive to light than the other.
6. Earthworms are attracted to each other by smell. These types of worms mate on the surface of the earth.
7. Earthworm eggs look like tiny lemons. Newborn worms emerge from the eggs very small but fully formed. They produce reproductive organs during the first 2-3 months of life and reach full size in about a year. They can live up to eight years.
8. The size of these worms varies depending on the species, from less than 2 cm to almost 3 m. Such big monsters not found in gardens. You have to go to the tropics to see them.
9. In the northern states of Canada, subsequently the last ice age, earthworms were destroyed. Therefore, modern worms found in glaciated areas are invaders from the ocean that were deliberately introduced by early settlers under the assumption that the worms would improve the soil.
10. The earthworm's digestive system is a tube that runs straight from the front end of the body to the back, where the digested material passes out. Since they primarily eat fallen leaves and soil, this allows the worms to move nutrients such as potassium and nitrogen into the soil. In addition, the movements of the worm in the ground create holes that facilitate the passage of air and loosen the soil.
11. The northern forest of the United States suffers from earthworms that quickly eat the leaf layer (duff), causing nutrients to become less available to young growing plants and the soil becoming more compact instead of loosening, which negatively affects the development of these forests. Earthworms can also speed up the passage of water through forest soil, which may be beneficial in a farmland or garden with compacted soil, but not in such forests.
12. Because the earthworm Spends most of their lives underground, plowing the soil and creating complex networks of burrows (which can extend 2m or more), their bodies are basically like a tube with muscles arranged in two layers. One set of fibers runs lengthwise and the other runs widthwise, like a corset around his body. Tightening the corset forces the worm's head to move forward. The wave of contractions then travels back through the body, squeezing the worm forward until the long muscles grip the tail.
13. Thin-skinned earthworms have no resistance to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, so daylight can be fatal, they are usually found only on the surface in dull, wet weather.
14. If a worm loses one end of its body, it can be replaced, however, if it is cut in half, it dies. Contrary to popular belief, they do not become two new worms.
15. Fossil worms similar to earthworms have been found in rocks laid down 600 million years ago.

The earthworm is such a familiar creature and few people think about it. of great importance in nature. The contribution of earthworms in relation to soil fertility is enormous. They burrow through the ground, dragging leaves and other plant debris into the soil, allowing organic matter and air to penetrate and water to infiltrate. Their activity over millions of years is vital to the creation of rich, fertile soils from dense, barren clays. Unfortunately, the earthworm has many enemies - almost all animals and birds, but moths are the biggest threat, since one moth can eat up to 50 earthworms in one day.

- (Vermes), a collective group of invertebrates, uniting lower bilaterally symmetrical animals (Bilateria) with an elongated body, the swarm was previously given the rank of type. Modern Researchers divide Ch. into independent types: flat Ch., nemerteans,... ... Biological encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Vermes) extensive gr. invertebrates, characterized by a number of common features: bilateral body structure, the development of a skin-muscular sac that envelops the body and consists of single-layer epithelium and differently structured muscles, the absence of... ... Geological encyclopedia

Worm, worm... Russian word stress

1. WORMS, her; WORTS, worm; pl. (unit of heart, s; g.). Card suit, indicated by red hearts. Lead hearts. Seven of Hearts. Ch. trumps. On hand are one piece ◁ Hearts; Chervonny, oh, oh. Ch. ace, king. 2. WORMS see Worm. * * * worms... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Hearts, hearts, suit, worms, worm Dictionary of Russian synonyms. worms noun, number of synonyms: 6 fats (5) suit... Synonym dictionary

WORMS- (vermes), a type (and according to some authors a group of types) of invertebrate animals, occupying, in terms of the height of their organization, a kind of middle position between coelenterates, on the one hand, and arthropods (and soft-bodied animals) on the other. Ch. have b. h... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

worms- WORMS, worms, unraveled. reduction heart... Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

WORMS, a collective group of invertebrate animals. Most worms have an elongated body, the walls of which consist of skin and muscles. About 40 thousand species. Free-living forms live in the seas, fresh waters and soil. Besides,… … Modern encyclopedia

A collective group of protostomed invertebrate animals with an elongated body, uniting flatworms, protocavity worms, netelminthes, nemerteans, annelids, etc. Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

WORMS, worms. see hearts. Dictionary Ushakova. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

WORMS, ey, yam and WORMS, worm, worms. IN playing cards: The name of the red suit with hearts. King of Hearts. | adj. red, aya, oh and hearts, aya, oh (colloquial). Queen of Hearts. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

• Worms, R. Flanagan. 1995 edition. The condition is very good. A country of many millions, proud of a powerful army, enthusiastically chanting “USA” and an army machine that crushes people under itself. Army and...
• Parasitic worms are the cause of unrecognized diagnoses, O. I. Eliseeva. What is helminthiasis, what types of parasites can inhabit our organs, and what are the known ways of their penetration into human body. Symptoms of helminthiasis and its similarity to...