Lakes of the Mongolian Altai and the Great Lakes Basin. Lakes of the Mongolian Altai and the Basin of the Great Lakes Uvsu Nur Mongolia

Lake Uvs-Nur is so large that it can be mistaken for a large sea bay. Due to the features of the surrounding terrain, it represents a trap for air masses, which causes strong excitement over the entire surface of the reservoir.

The largest lake in Mongolia

Lake Uvsu-Nur (in Mongolian pronunciation - Uvs-Nuur, in Tuvan - Uspa-Khol), is located in the north-west of Mongolia, on the border with Russia. In the northeast, a very small part of the lake (12 km 2) enters the Russian one.

Lake Uvsu-Nur is the largest of three thousand in Mongolia, as well as in the Great Lakes basin. This is a tectonic depression, which in ancient times was occupied by a reservoir with an area of ​​​​about 16 thousand km 2. The current lake is what remains as a result of the drying out of this ancient salt water body. Currently, the area of ​​the depression itself is over 100 thousand km 2. It is located between in the west, southwest and south, the Khangai highlands in the east and the Western Tannu-Ola ridge in the north. In the north of the basin, the Khan-Khukhiin-Nuruu ridge is where a large national park- separates Uvs-Nur from the rest of the basin.

All the lands surrounding Lake Uvs-Nur have never been disturbed by large-scale mining, there were no cities here, no trade routes passed through, and therefore the shores have been preserved in almost pristine condition. Its water basin forms the Ubsunur Basin: it is included in the list World Heritage UNESCO and also declared a biosphere reserve. The Russian part of the basin became the Ubsunur Basin nature reserve. total area protected areas in Russia and Mongolia (the Russian part extends far beyond the basin and unites several areas throughout Tyva) is 8830 km 2.

The lake is drainless, and it is located within the boundaries of one of the northernmost drainage basins Central Asia. It is fed by melted snow and rainwater from more than a dozen rivers flowing into it from throughout the basin. The annual river flow into the lake is quite large: about 2.4 km 3 . The rivers flowing into the lake in the east form marshy deltas. The largest of them is the densely overgrown with reeds and heavily swamped delta of the Tes-Khem (Tesiin-Gol) River, the main feeding river of Lake Uvs-Nur. Flowing mainly through the northern part of the Great Lakes Basin, its length is 757 km.

The water in the lake is bitterly salty, with a predominance of chlorides. It is not suitable for drinking.

Despite high salinity water, the surface of the lake is covered with ice from October to May. Ice can last from five to ten months.

The lake itself is shallow, the depth does not exceed 20 m. Its shores are low, deserted, mostly sandy, swampy in places, with areas of salt marsh, sand and reed thickets. On the southeastern coast, a coastal rampart 7-10 m high, 200 m wide and 25 km long was formed. The shaft and terraces on other banks are clear evidence that in ancient times the water level was much higher than today.

A sharply continental climate reigns here, winters are long and extremely harsh: temperatures of -50°C are not at all uncommon, and can drop to -58°C. But in summer it can rise to +40°C and +47°C. The explanation is extremely simple. The mountains surrounding the basin prevent the penetration of wind, which is why the air in the Ubsunur basin stagnates. In such conditions, it freezes in winter and heats up in summer. A microclimate close to a desert was formed in the basin: it created conditions for the simultaneous existence of several natural zones in a limited area.

The borderline state of Lake Uvs-Nur contributes to its study by scientific expeditions of both countries.

A relatively compact combination of the main types of Central Asian landscapes turns the place where the lake is located into a unique region. The landscapes of the Ubsunur basin are formed by sandy and clayey deserts and semi-deserts located on its bottom, and on the foothill plains - dry steppes, swamps, salt marshes and sand dunes. Higher on the slopes of the mountains there are tall grass steppes, turning into forest-steppes. At the tops there are tundras and chars, and above there is snow. The mountain slopes external to the basin are covered with mixed deciduous and cedar forests; it is here - in the Tuvan taiga - in different parts of the republic that the main territorial sections of the Ubsunur Basin Nature Reserve lie.

The deserts of the Ubsunur Basin are among the northernmost on Earth, and the mountain tundras are the southernmost. Another record: the southernmost area of ​​permafrost distribution in flat terrain is located here.

In such conditions, more than 550 plant species grow in the Great Lakes basin and the surrounding mountains and taiga, many of which are endemic to Mongolia and Tyva. More than 40 species of mammals live here, including rare and endangered ones: Snow Leopard, argali, Siberian Mountain goat, musk deer, manul, Of the 245 species of birds nesting on Uvs-Nur, the most characteristic are the white-tailed eagle, black crane, whooper swan, Altai snowcock, great egret, black-headed gull. The Central Asian route of migration of Western and Western waterfowl runs through the territory of the basin. Central Siberia: from here they go to the coast of the Yellow Sea and further to wintering places in South-East Asia. Thanks to the steppe ecosystem, it is supported rich variety birds, and the sandy terrain is home to a range of rare sandpipers, jerboas and the marbled ferret. And about 30 species of fish live in the waters of the lake.

27 km southwest of the lake is the city of Ulaangom, the administrative center of Uwe aimag. It is separated from the border with Russia by 120 km, which according to steppe standards is very close. Russia supplies the city with electricity. Mainly Oirat peoples live in the aimag: Bayats - they are the majority, Derbets, Khotons, Khalkha Mongols, Tuvans and Kazakhs.

Such desolation was not always the case on Uvs-Nur. About three thousand archaeological objects were discovered in the surrounding area, including ancient burials, petroglyphs, deer stones (slabs with inscriptions), left by the tribes of the Xiongnu, Sarmatians, Turks, Yenisei Kyrgyz and Mongols who wandered through the basin. Here you can also find the remains of medieval dwellings and Buddhist chapels, and in the river valleys old ditches have been preserved - traces of settlements of disappeared agricultural cultures.

The first to compile general description Lake Uvs-Nur Cossack ataman Vasily Tyumenets, sent in 1615 from Tomsk through Mongolia on an embassy mission to China. The purpose of the Russian embassy was to establish friendly relations with the state of the Mongol rulers of the Altan Khans, as well as to explore trade routes through the Siberian lands to the Celestial Empire. Based on the results of the trip, the first description of Northwestern Mongolia was compiled.

The lake was explored in detail by the Russian geographer and ethnographer Grigory Potanin (1835-1920), who led expeditions in 1863-1899. A carefully made map of the lake and its surroundings was appended to his work “Sketches of Northwestern Mongolia,” published in 1881.

general information

Location: To Asia.
Administrative affiliation : Uwe aimak, Mongolia (99.7%), and Republic of Tyva, Russia (0.3%).
Nearest city: Ulaangom - 25,098 people. (2012)
Origin: natural, tectonic.
Type water balance : drainless.
Flowing rivers: Tes-Khem, Nariin-Gol, Khurmasyn-Gol, Kharkhira-Gol, Borsho-Gol, Targalyg.
Type of mineralization : salty.
Languages: Mongolian, Tuvan.
Ethnic composition : Mongols, Tuvans.
Religions: Buddhism, shamanism.
Currency : Mongolian tugrik, Russian ruble.

Numbers

Mirror area: 3350 km 2 .
Maximum length : 84 km.
Maximum width : 79 km.
Length coastline : 425 km (Russian - 10 km).
Volume: 35.7 km 3 .
Average depth : 6 m.
Maximum depth : 20 m.
Salinity: 18.5-19.7%o.
Height above sea level : 759 m.
Remoteness: 1025 km northwest of the city of Ulaanbaatar, 155 km southwest of the city of Kyzyl and 805 km southeast of Novosibirsk.

Climate and weather

Sharply continental temperate zone, semi-desert.
Long periods of little snow and very Cold winter, short summer.
Average January temperature : -32°C.
Average temperature in July : +19°С.
Average water temperature in summer : +19°C at the bottom, +25°C at the surface.
Average annual precipitation : 130 mm.
Average relative humidity : 55-60%.

Economy

Agriculture : livestock farming (mountain pasture and grazing, sheep, goats).
Service sector : tourism, trade, transport.

Attractions

Natural

• Natural biosphere reserve"Ubsunur Basin"
• Sections “Uvsu-Nur” (44.9 km 2) and “Oruku-Shinaa” (287.5 km 2) (Russia, Tyva, 1993)
• Khan-Khuhiy-Khyargas-Nuur National Park (2000)
• Tes-Khem Nature Reserve
• Boshigtyn-Uvdeg tract (delta of the Tes-Khem river)

Curious facts

Until 1932, the Ubsunur basin was entirely part of Mongolia. According to the agreement between Mongolia and Tuva People's Republic(existed in 1921-1944), Northern part The Ubsunur basin was transferred to Tuva. In 1944, Tuva became part of the USSR as the Tuva Autonomous Region, currently the Republic of Tyva of the Russian Federation.

The name of the lake comes from two Mongolian words: “us” - river and “nuur” - lake. According to the rules of the Mongolian language, geographical features pronounced only with a qualifying word. Therefore, the name of the lake always sounds like Uvs-Nuur, and has already come from it Russian pronunciation Uvsu-Nur. Another version suggests the origin of the word "Uwe" from "subsen" - a Mongolian concept denoting the bitter sediment in kumiss, undrinkable, which is associated with the bitter-salty waters of the lake.

It has not yet been established exactly what meaning the ancient Mongols put into the name Uvsu-Nur. Presumably it could mean "a lake that absorbs (gathers) rivers." This option is acceptable, given the number of rivers flowing into the lake.

In the city of Ulaangom, closest to the lake, there is a representative office of the Russian Republic of Tyva. And in its capital, Kyzyl, a representative office of the Mongolian aimag of Uwe has been opened.

In the Ubsunur Basin, including on the territory of the Russian reserve of the same name, several thousand as yet unexcavated mounds and sites of nomadic tribes - the Scythians and the Xiongnu - have been preserved. The northernmost semi-deserts of Eurasia are also located here, rising to 50° N. w.

The salinity of the water in the lake varies depending on the distance from the mouth of the flowing rivers; it is approximately half as much as

in the World Ocean.

Near the lake, in a basin, which is a unique natural laboratory, Ubsunursky works international center biosphere research.

Of the several dozen species of fish that live in the lake, only Potanin’s Altai osman is consumed by humans.

Uvs-Nuur – largest lake Mongolia has an area of ​​3423 km 2, the length and width of which are about 80 kilometers. It is located in the Great Lakes Basin, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003. The name “Uvs” is supplemented with the qualifying word “nuur”, which means “lake” - this is due to the traditions of the Mongolian language. The Great Lakes Basin is located in the northwestern part of Mongolia and is an intermountain depression hidden among mountains, ridges and spurs.

The lake is located far from tourist routes, and a casual traveler is unlikely to look here. Researchers sometimes come to little-studied areas to update reference books. new information about the lake and surrounding areas.

Uvs-Nuur is the most low point Mongolia, altitude above sea level - 759 meters. The lake has a very high salt content, unsuitable for habitation edible fish. 38 rivers flow into Uvs-Nuur and not a single one flows out. The lake deltas are a wonderful habitat for birds, of which there are more than 360 species! Seagulls, cranes, geese, swans, spoonbills, herons and partridges come here to bask during the harsh winter. Reed thickets, salt marshes, thickets of willows and aspens serve as a haven for them. The birds are accompanied by mammals, including such rare animals as the Siberian mountain goat, snow leopard and aragli.

The weather here is extreme - in summer the temperature rises to +40 degrees, in winter it drops to -57. But it is most optimal to study climate change under such conditions. Thanks to the unique hydrology of the basin, which includes mountains and rivers, scientists can calculate changes in salt content in the lake. The basin is surrounded by a dozen nature protection zones. There are many ecosystems with certain climatic conditions, flora and fauna.

Should know

• Before entering any Mongolian park or reserve, you need to pay. But not everywhere there is a person who takes money for entry. To avoid problems, do not cross protected areas without special permits.

When to visit?

The best time to visit these parts is from May to October, but be prepared for sweltering heat.

How to get there?

Travelers have three types of transport to choose from: plane, car or bus. Any of them will take you from the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar to Ulan Goma, the distance between the cities is 1425 kilometers.

Do not miss!

• The Altan-Els sand dunes are the northernmost desert ecosystem in the world.
• Oasis Bayan Nuur with clean and clear water. There are horses and camels here, which tourists can rent to travel around the area.
• Don't miss the opportunity to walk through the picturesque Harhiraa Gol valley and basin.

REGIONS OF MONGOLIA

Ubsunur (Uvs) aimak of Mongolia.

LAKE UBSU-NUR (UVS NUUR)

Ubsu-Nur(Mong. Uvs Nuur, Tuv. Uspa-Khol), formerly Ubsa, on modern Russian maps after 1989 a variant name is also given Uvs-Nuur , the largest lake in Mongolia by area and the most famous of the Great Lakes basin. It borders on Russian Tuva. North of Lake Uvs Nur, behind the mountain range, the Yenisei River basin begins. In Mongolian the lake is called UVs, but in the Mongolian language, geographical objects are pronounced only with a qualifying word (in this case it is “nuur” - lake), and therefore the name of the lake always sounds " Uvs Nuur"where did it come from Russian name "Uvsu-Nur"

The Great Lakes basin in the north-west of Mongolia is a vast intermountain depression bordered by the mountains of the Mongolian and Gobi Altai in the south and west (in the south the basin reaches the desert depression of the Shargai Gobi), the spurs of the Khangai in the east, the Tannu-Ula ridge in the north and occupies an area of ​​more than 105 750 sq. km. The basin is located on the border of the Republic of Tuva and Mongolia. Its length from north to south is 160 kilometers, and from west to east 600 kilometers. In the lowest part of the basin there are lakes, along the banks of which there are terraces and ramparts, indicating the once huge water level. River valleys that carry water to the lakes expand when they enter the basin, forming wide deltas. In the western part of the basin lies salt Lake Uvs-Nur, the largest in Mongolia. The main landforms in the Great Lakes Basin region are rocky mountains, sloping plains, lacustrine plains, and sand accumulations of various types.

The first unique natural feature basin is the presence of almost all natural zones of the Earth on limited space. At the bottom of the basin there are sandy and clayey deserts, and on the foothill plains there are dry steppes. Higher on the slopes of the mountains there are tall grass steppes, turning into forest-steppes. Even higher in the mountains grow mixed deciduous and cedar forests. And finally, on the peaks there are tundras and chars. Thus, in the basin of the Great Lakes there are the northernmost deserts in the world, and in its mountainous frame the southernmost tundras. The ancient Central Asian migration route of aquatic birds of Western and Central Siberia runs through the territory of the basin. For several thousand years, endless generations of swans, geese and ducks make their way through the Great Lakes Basin to the coast of the Yellow Sea and further to their wintering grounds in Southeast Asia.

UVs - the most big lake on the territory of Mongolia and the most famous of the lakes of the basin. Located at an altitude of 743 meters. The area of ​​the water surface is 3350 sq. km, length 84 km, width 79 km, coastline length 425 m, depth 20 m, volume 3960 million cubic meters.

The Khan-Khukhiin ridge separates Nuruuu Ubsu Nuur from freshwater lakes - Khar-Us Nuur(basin area - 1760 km2) and Khar Nuur (530 km2), salty Khyargas Nuur(1360 km2) and Durgen Nuur(300 km2). In addition, there are many small fresh and salt lakes in the area.

Since 2003 the lake Uvs Nuur lake is integral part UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Ubsunur Basin.

This is a closed endorheic reservoir with an area of ​​over 3,350 sq. km. at an altitude of 753 m, water with a high salt content (water salinity varies depending on the distance from the mouths of rivers flowing into the lake, averaging 18.5-19.7 g/l, which is approximately 2 times less than in the World Ocean ). The ionic composition of salt is mainly represented by sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate. The lake is the result of the drying out of an inland reservoir, whose area is glacial period reached 16 thousand sq. km. The location of the lake is interesting: on both sides the lake is bordered by highly branched, swampy deltas of rivers descending from the mountains, on the other sides by the foothills of ridges and sandy massifs. From the south, Uvsu-Nur is separated from the other lakes of the basin by the small Khan-Khukhiin-Nuruu ridge. In the east there is a vast reed-covered swampy delta of the main feeding river Tes-Khem, which collects water from the vast majority of the Uvs-Nur Basin - the northern part of the Great Lakes Basin. From October to May the lake is covered with ice. In summer, the temperature gradient ranges from 25 °C at the surface to 19 °C at the bottom.

The Russian sector of Uvsu-Nur is located in the south of the Republic of Tuva and occupies about 0.3% of the entire lake surface area (12 sq. km). The length of the Russian coastline reaches 10 km. In this place, the waters of the Irbitey, Kholu and Oruku-Shina rivers flow to the lake, getting lost in the salty swamps and swampy lowlands. On Russian territory Many other rivers also begin, flowing into the lake already on the territory of Mongolia.

The lake is located on the geoclimatic border between Siberia and Central Asia. Annual air temperature fluctuations can range from −58 °C in winter to 47 °C in spring. In the lake basin there is a special microclimate that allows different natural areas exist in a limited space. In the basin, which is a kind of unique natural laboratory, the Ubsunur International Center for Biosphere Research has been operating for about a decade.

Very rich animal world lakes - 173 species of birds and 41 species of mammals live here, including such rare animals as the snow leopard, argali, and Siberian mountain goat. 29 various types fish lives in Lake Uvs-Nur, and one of them, the Altai osman (Oreoleuciscus potanini), is eaten by humans.

The lake coast was inhabited several thousand years ago. Many mounds, deer stones, petroglyphs and runic inscriptions were left behind by nomadic tribes - the Xiongnu, Turks and Kyrgyz. The largest settlement on the lake shore at present is Ulaangom.

Due to its inaccessibility and remoteness from tourist routes, Uvs Nur is practically not visited by tourists. The lake and the rivers flowing into it are very rich in fish and waterfowl. The surrounding forests are home to a variety of animals. The lake itself and the areas adjacent to it have been little studied. There is none on the lake shore settlement. This is truly a paradise for tourists, fishermen and hunters.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

• "Western Mongolia is a key region of Eurasia." Andrey Vladimirovich Ivanov. Magazine "Moscow". 2004.

PHOTO ALBUM PAGES

In the Asian part of Russia, in the Republic of Tyva, and also in Mongolia.

In Mongolian the name of the lake is Uvs. In Turkic languages, geographical objects are pronounced only with a qualifying word (in this case it is “nuur” - “lake”), and therefore the full name sounds like “Uvs nuur”, which is where the Russian name comes from.

The lake is located in the northern part of the Great Lakes Basin.

The first description of Lake Uvsu-Nur was made by the Cossack ataman Vasily Tyumenets, a participant in the embassy from Moscow to Mongolia (1616). Based on the results of the trip, he briefly described Northwestern Mongolia. Greatest contribution He contributed to the study and description of these places, leading expeditions during 1863–1899. Topographer Orlov, one of the expedition members G.N. Potanin, conducted the first full survey of Uvs-Nur.

The lake was formed during the drying out of an internal reservoir, which had an area of ​​16 thousand km 2 during the Ice Age. Currently it is an endorheic reservoir. From the south of the lake Uvs-Nur is separated from the other lakes of the basin by the Khan-Khukhiin-Nuruu ridge. In the east there is a vast swampy delta of the main tributary, the Tes-Khem River, which drains a large area of ​​the Uvs-Nur basin.

Lake Uvs-Nur is located in a tectonic depression, has an area of ​​more than 3,350 km 2, a length of 84 km, a width of 79 km, an average and greatest depth of about 6 and 20 m and a volume of 35.7 km 3. The Russian sector of Uvsu-Nur is located in the south of the Republic of Tyva and occupies only 0.3% of the entire lake surface area (12 km 2). Uvsu-Nur is the largest lake in the Republic of Tyva and the 7th lake in Russia in terms of total water surface area. The lake is relatively shallow, with low shores, mostly sandy and sometimes marshy. The water's edge is located at an altitude of about 753 m, the water in it is bitterly salty, since the lake has no drainage. At the same time, the salinity of the water varies depending on the distance from the mouth areas of the tributaries, averaging about 18.5–19.7 g/l. The ionic composition is dominated by sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate.

The lake's catchment area is 70.1 thousand km 2 . The lake is fed by melted snow and rainwater from the Tes-Khem (main tributary), Nariin-Gol, Khurmasyn-Gol, Kharkhira-Gol, Borsho-Gol and other rivers, forming branched swampy deltas. The annual river flow into the lake is estimated at 2.4 km 3 . Freeze-up on the lake is observed from October–November to April–May. In summer, the water surface temperature warms up to 25°C, at the bottom – up to 19°C.

Air temperature can vary from -58°C in winter to 47°C in summer. In the basin of the Great Lakes there is a special type of climate, which is characterized by an increase in climate aridity from the periphery to the center, which allows various natural zones to exist in a limited space. At the bottom of the basin there are sandy and clayey deserts, and on the foothill plains there are dry steppes. On the slopes of the mountains surrounding the basin there are tall grass steppes, turning into forest-steppes. Higher in the mountains there are mixed deciduous and cedar forests, and on the peaks there are tundra and char. The basin of the Great Lakes contains the northernmost deserts, and its mountainous frame contains the southernmost tundras. The territory of the basin is located on the Central Asian migration route of aquatic birds from Western and Central Siberia to the coast Yellow Sea to wintering grounds in Southeast Asia.

The fauna of the Uvsu-Nur basin is very rich, and the lake itself is home to 29 species of fish: whitefish, salmon and sturgeon breeds, as well as the Altai Ottoman.

The lake shore was inhabited several thousand years ago, as evidenced by surviving mounds, petroglyphs and runic inscriptions. The rivers flowing into it are rich in fish, and the surrounding forests are abundant in animals. However, the lake and surrounding areas are little studied and rarely visited due to the complex transport accessibility. There are no large settlements on the lake shore. The area around the lake is sparsely populated and is used for pastures and slightly for irrigated agriculture. However, the lack of flow makes the lake sensitive to anthropogenic influence, and there is a danger of eutrophication and salinization.

In 1993, a reserve was created to protect and study the unique ecosystem of the Ubsunur basin. According to the international program “Geosphere - Biosphere”, this territory was chosen among other 10 study areas global changes, occurring in the atmosphere, bio-, geo- and hydrosphere. The Uvs-Nur International Center for Biosphere Research has been established in the lake basin.

In 2003, the Uvs-Nur Basin was given the status of a World Heritage Site. natural heritage UNESCO. Its inclusion in the List is based on criteria II (an outstanding example representing ecological and biological evolutionary processes, the development of ecosystems and terrestrial, riverine, coastal and marine communities of plants and animals) and IV (contains habitats of the most representative and important for conservation biological diversity species, including those habitats where species with outstanding global significance from a scientific and conservation perspective, and endangered).

M.G. Grechushnikova

Uvsu-Nur is located at an altitude of 753 meters at the location of the geoclimatic boundary Central Asia and Siberia. The lake basin is isolated by the Western Sayan and Altai mountains and the Khai-Khukhiin-Nuruu ridge. Several rivers flow into Uvs-Nur, the largest of which is Tes-Khem (Tesiin-Gol). The lake is drying up. It is known that 10 thousand years ago the area of ​​Uvs-Nur was 5 times larger than the current water area of ​​the lake.

The banks of Uvs-Nur are low and swampy, especially at river mouths, where extensive reed thickets form. There are also rocky and sandy areas of the coast. The composition of the water resembles sea water, similar to the water of the Black Sea. Salinity varies with distance from the mouths of inflowing rivers. The depth of Uvs-Nur is insignificant, does not exceed 20 meters. This allows the water to briefly summer months warm up to 25°C upper layers and up to 19° at the bottom. Freeze-up lasts from October to May.

The climatic conditions of the Uvs-Nur region are extremely harsh. The annual temperature fluctuation is more than 100°. Sultry, dry summers are followed by severe frosts of winter. However, this region is home to more than 173 species of birds and 41 species of mammals, including such rare animals as the snow leopard, argali, and Siberian mountain goat.

In ancient times, the surroundings of Uvsu-Nur were inhabited by Xiongnu nomads, Mongolian horse breeders and Yenisei Kyrgyz, from whom mounds, deer stones, petroglyphs and runic inscriptions on stones that are of interest to archaeologists and historians have been preserved. Currently, the coast of Uvs-Nur is practically uninhabited, which has allowed the lake’s ecosystem to survive to this day practically untouched. Only one type of fish is of economic interest - the Altai osman.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Ubsunur International Research Center has been operating in the lake area, studying the ecosystem of the region. Also, the entire water basin of Uvs-Nur is protected area and is among the natural attractions of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Due to its inaccessibility and remoteness from tourist routes, Uvs Nur is practically not visited by tourists. The lake and the rivers flowing into it are very rich in fish and waterfowl. The surrounding forests are home to a variety of animals. The lake itself and the areas adjacent to it have been little studied. There is not a single settlement on the shore of the lake. This is truly a paradise for tourists, fishermen and hunters.