Sixth department of the gru. The new head of the GRU: touches to the portrait

Currently, the official name is the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia (GU GS).

The GRU reports to the Chief of the General Staff and the Minister of Defense, and is engaged in all types of intelligence in the interests of the Armed Forces - intelligence, space, radio-electronic.

The structure and strength of the GRU is a state secret. Priority in the GRU is given to undercover work, obtaining secret materials, foreign samples modern weapons. Residencies military intelligence significantly inferior to the Service's residencies foreign intelligence Russian Federation in terms of numbers and funding, while they act more strictly and purposefully.

CREATION
Created in 1918 by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army on the basis of a department whose functions included coordinating the efforts of the intelligence agencies of the Red Army units and preparing intelligence information for the Main Headquarters of the Red Army. The first official name is the Registration Directorate of the Field Headquarters of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (RUPSHKA).

GRU special forces in Afghanistan in 1988. Photo by Mikhail Evstafiev

In 1950, the GRU special forces were created (a brigade for each military district or fleet and a centrally subordinate brigade). The main task of these units at the first stage was to fight the main enemy - NATO countries that had mobile nuclear weapons. GRU special forces units played a huge role in the Afghan war and in operations on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

HEADQUARTERS
The headquarters of the GRU is located in Moscow, on Khoroshevskoye Shosse, in the Khodynskoye Pole area. The construction of the headquarters, which is an eight-story complex with a total area of ​​about 70 thousand m3, inside which there is a situation center, a command post, a sports complex and a swimming pool, was completed in the fall of 2006. The construction cost amounted to 9.5 billion rubles

"Sovinformsputnik"
CJSC Sovinformsputnik Founded in 1991. Number of employees: 107 people. Sovinformsputnik is an organization of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff, whose tasks include the sale of unclassified images taken by GRU satellites. It became famous in April 2000, when American journalists discovered among the images distributed by Sovinformsputnik photographs of a top-secret US military base, also known as Base 51.

GRU CHIEF
Semyon Ivanovich Aralov (1918-1919)
Drabkin, Yakov Davidovich (1919, June-December)
Georgy Leonidovich Pyatakov (1920, January-February)
Vladimir Christianovich Aussem (1920, February-June)
Jan Davydovich Lenzman (1920-1921)
Arvid Yanovich Zeybot (1921-1924)
Yan Karlovich Berzin (1924-1935)
Semyon Petrovich Uritsky (1935-1937)
Yan Karlovich Berzin (1937)
Semyon Grigorievich Gendin (acting September 1937 - October 1938)
Alexander Grigorievich Orlov (acting October 1938-1939)
Ivan Iosifovich Proskurov (1939-1940)
Philip Ivanovich Golikov (1940-1941)
Alexey Pavlovich Panfilov (1941-1942)
Ivan Ivanovich Ilyichev (1942-1945)
Fedor Fedotovich Kuznetsov (1945-1947)
Nikolai Mikhailovich Trusov (1947-1949)
Matvey Vasilievich Zakharov (1949-1952)
Mikhail Alekseevich Shalin (1952-1956)
Sergei Matveevich Shtemenko (1956-1957)
Mikhail Alekseevich Shalin (1957-1958)
Ivan Alexandrovich Serov (1958-1963)
Pyotr Ivanovich Ivashutin (1963-1986)
Vladlen Mikhailovich Mikhailov (1986-1991)
Evgeny Leonidovich Timokhin (1991-1992)
Fedor Ivanovich Ladygin (1992-1997)
Valentin Vladimirovich Korabelnikov (1997-)

GRU structure

Throughout the history of its existence, the structure of the GRU has experienced several reorganizations. In its current form, according to data available in publications, the structure of the GRU consists of 12 main directorates and 8 auxiliary departments and directorates. Basic Controls:
First Directorate - European Commonwealth countries
Second Directorate - Americas, UK, Australia, New Zealand
Third Directorate - Asian countries
Fourth Directorate - African Countries
Fifth Directorate - Operational Intelligence Directorate
Sixth Directorate - Radio Intelligence Directorate
Seventh Directorate - NATO
Eighth Directorate - sabotage special forces
Ninth Directorate - Directorate of Military Technologies
Tenth Directorate - Directorate of War Economy
Eleventh Directorate - Directorate of Strategic Doctrines and Weapons
Twelfth Directorate

Auxiliary Directorates and Departments:
Office of Space Intelligence
Personnel Department
Operational and Technical Department
Administrative and Technical Department
Department of External Relations
Archives department
Information service

Special training for GRU officers is carried out at the GRU Academy (Military-Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Defense). Training is carried out at three main faculties:
Faculty of Strategic Human Intelligence
Faculty of Agent-Operational Intelligence
Faculty of Operational-Tactical Intelligence

The Academy runs adjunct courses and Higher Academic Courses

Heads of Soviet military intelligence

Aralov Semyon Ivanovich

30.12.1880-22.05.1969.

Russian. Son of a merchant. He graduated from a commercial school and the Moscow Commercial Institute. In 1902 he entered the Pernovsky Grenadier Regiment as a volunteer, where he joined the Social Democratic movement. Participant in the Russian-Japanese War. Participant in the revolution of 1905–1907, sentenced to death in absentia. During the period of reaction, he worked in Moscow in a shelter for juvenile delinquents and taught evening courses for workers. Member of the First World War, staff captain. After February Revolution 1917 - deputy Chairman, then Chairman of the Army Committee of the 3rd Army, sided with the Mensheviks, took the position of defencism. After the October Revolution - assistant regiment commander. Member of the Bolshevik Party since 1918.

In 1918–1920 - head of the operational department, first of the Moscow Military District, then of the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs, member of the RVS of the 12th (June 1919 - November 1920), 14th (July 1919) armies and the Southwestern Front (November - December 1920). In September 1918 - July 1919, a member of the RVSR, at the same time in October 1918 - June 1919, a military commissar of the Field Headquarters of the RVSR.

In November 1918 - July 1919 - head of the Registration (Intelligence) Directorate of the Field Headquarters of the Revolutionary Military Forces.

Member of the commission for the formation of the Kyiv Military District, member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the KVO (January - March 1921). He was sent to diplomatic work on the recommendation of V.I. Lenin. In 1921–1922 - plenipotentiary representative of the RSFSR in Lithuania; in 1922–1923 - Soviet plenipotentiary representative in Turkey, in 1923–1925 - in Latvia; in 1925–1927 - member of the Board of the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs of the USSR. On December 30, 1926, he was appointed representative of the Soviet government to the national government of China.

From 1927 - member of the presidium, head of the foreign department of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR, then member of the Board of the People's Commissariat of Finance of the USSR.

Since 1938 deputy director, director of the State Literary Museum. In 1941 - volunteered for the front, took part in the battle of Moscow, colonel. In 1946–1957 - at party work in Moscow. Since 1957 - retired.

Awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, Patriotic War 1st and 2nd degrees, Red Star, “Badge of Honour”, Polish orders, medals.

Gusev Sergey Ivanovich

13.01.1874 - 10.06.1933.

Real name and surname - Drabkin Yakov Davidovich.

Professional revolutionary, military and political figure. Jew. Born in the Ryazan province in the family of a teacher. He graduated from a real school in Rostov-on-Don. In 1896 he entered the St. Petersburg Technological Institute. In the same year, he joined the Union of Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class, participated in the organization of an underground printing house, printed proclamations, and distributed illegal literature. On March 21, 1897 he was arrested and at the end of September deported to Orenburg. At the beginning of 1899 he moved to Rostov-on-Don, where he was under open police surveillance. He worked in the local committee of the RSDLP. In 1903 he emigrated to Geneva. Bolshevik since 1903. At the end of 1904 - Secretary of the St. Petersburg Committee of the RSDLP (b). In May 1905, having escaped arrest, he went to Revel, and from there to Odessa, becoming there the secretary of the Odessa Committee of the RSDLP(b). In 1906 he moved to Moscow. In the same year he was arrested and exiled for 3 years to the town of Berezov, Tobolsk province. After staying in Berezovo for one year, he was transferred to Tobolsk, from where he fled to Moscow in 1909. At the end of 1909 he worked with Sverdlov in St. Petersburg, but soon, avoiding arrest, he moved to Terijoki.

During the October Revolution - secretary of the Military Revolutionary Committee of Petrograd. In February-March 1918, secretary of the Committee for the Revolutionary Defense of Petrograd, then manager of the Council of People's Commissars of the Northern Region.

In September-December 1918, a member of the RVS of the 2nd Army, in December 1918 - June 1919, a member of the RVS of the Eastern Front, in June-December 1919 - commander of the Moscow defense sector, military commissar of the Field Headquarters of the RVSR, member of the RVSR.

In December 1919 - January 1920, a member of the RVS of the South-Eastern Front, in January-August - a member of the RVS of the Caucasian Front, in September-October 1920 - a member of the RVS of the South-Western and at the same time in September-December 1920 - of the Southern Front.

Candidate member of the Central Committee of the RCP(b) in 1920–1922.

In January 1921 - January 1922, head of the Political Directorate of the RVS of the Republic, member of the RVSR (May 1921 - August 1923) and chairman of the Turkburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) (December 1921–1922). In February 1922 - April 1924, member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Turkestan Front.

Secretary of the Central Control Commission of the RCP (b) and member of the board of the NK RKI (1923–1925). Chairman of the commission for the examination of the Red Army in 1924. Chairman of the Military Historical Commission for the Study of the Experience of the World and Civil Wars and the Supreme Military Editorial Council of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR.

In April 1925 he was sent as an emissary of the Comintern to the USA to resolve the conflict between the leaders of the Workers' Party. Communist Party USA.

Head of the Istpart under the Party Central Committee (1926–1927) and the press department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in 1927–1928.

In 1928 he headed the Central European Secretariat of the Comintern. At the VI Congress of the Comintern he was elected a candidate member of the ECCI. In 1929–1933 - member of the Presidium of the ECCI.

Awarded two Orders of the Red Banner (1920, 1922). Author of a number of books, including “Lessons of the Civil War” (1920) and “Unified Economic Plan and Unified Economic Apparatus” (1920).

Pyatakov Georgy (Yuri) Leonidovich

19.08.1890-1. 02.1937.

Russian. Born into the family of the director of the Maryinsky sugar factory (Cherkassy district, Kyiv province). He graduated from the 3rd year of the economics department of St. Petersburg University (1910, expelled for revolutionary activities). An anarchist in his youth. Bolshevik since 1910. Arrested in 1912, exiled to Irkutsk province in 1913. In 1914 he escaped from exile to Japan. He worked in Bolshevik emigrant organizations in Switzerland and the Scandinavian countries.

Prominent Soviet state and economic leader. Participant of the February and October revolutions of 1917. In October - December 1917, chairman of the Kyiv Military Revolutionary Committee. In 1917-18, Commissioner of the People's Bank of the RSFSR, then Chairman of the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government of Ukraine (November 1918-January 1919). In 1918 - “left communist”. At the Eighth Party Congress he was a member of the “military opposition.”

In 1919 - member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 13th Army, commissar of the 42nd rifle division, Commissioner of the General Staff Academy.

In January-February 1920 - head of the Register of the PS of the RVSR.

In 1920 - member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Ural Labor Army, 16th and 6th armies.

From 1921 - in economic work, deputy chairman of the State Planning Committee of the RSFSR, led the restoration of Donbass, chairman of the Main Concession Committee under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (1923–1925). In 1923–1926 - 1st deputy. Chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR. In 1927–1928, trade representative of the USSR in France. Supporter of the Trotskyist opposition. In December 1927, he was expelled from the party for opposition views by resolution of the XV Congress. He repented and was soon reinstated. Since 1928, deputy chairman of the board of the State Bank of the USSR.

In 1929–1930, Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the USSR. From 1931 - 1st deputy chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR, from 1932 - 1st deputy. People's Commissar of Heavy Industry of the USSR.

Candidate member of the party Central Committee in 1921–1922, member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in 1923–1925, 1930–1936. In December 1927, he was expelled from the party for opposition views by resolution of the XV Congress.

Arrested on September 13, 1936. On January 30, 1937, in the case of the so-called “parallel anti-Soviet Trotskyist center,” the Supreme Commander of the USSR Armed Forces was sentenced to death.

Posthumously rehabilitated by the Supreme Court of the USSR in 1988.

Awarded the Order of Lenin (1933) and the Red Banner (1921).

Aussem Vladimir Christianovich

German. Born in Orel in the family of a teacher. Graduated from the Oryol Cadet Corps. In the revolutionary movement since 1899, member of the RSDLP since 1901. In 1901–1904 - in exile. Then at party work in Central Russia and Ukraine. During the First World War - a militia member, after the February Revolution - a member of the Council of Soldiers' Deputies in Kyiv, chairman of the Soviet of Deputies, then of the Revolutionary Committee in Poltava. From the end of 1917 - People's Secretary of Finance of the first Soviet government of Ukraine. In 1918–1920 he led the Red Guard detachments and partisan detachments in Ukraine, head of the 2nd Ukrainian Soviet division(September-December 1918), member of the RVS of the 8th Army (June-October 1919). From December 1919 - employee of the Register of PSh RVSR, assistant, then deputy. head of department.

In February-August 1920 - head of the Register.

In 1920–1921 he worked at the Supreme Economic Council for the chemical industry, in 1921–1925 - the plenipotentiary representative of the Ukrainian SSR in Germany and the plenipotentiary representative of the USSR in Austria (1924–1925), in 1925–1926 - chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the Ukrainian SSR.

In 1927 he was expelled from the party for opposition activities. In exile since 1929. In 1937 he went into the taiga and never returned.

Lenzman Yan Davydovich

29.11.1881-7.03.1939.

Real name Lencmanis.

Latvian. Born into the family of a farm laborer in the Grunhof volost of the Courland province. Worker, member of the Bolshevik Party since 1899. Active participant in the revolution of 1905–1907, member of the Central Committee of the SDLC, was arrested and exiled many times. Delegate to several congresses of the SDLC and the 5th congress of the RSDLP. Worked in Baku and Riga. After the October Revolution, member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Chairman of the Yaroslavl province of the Military Revolutionary Committee in July 1918 after the suppression of the Yaroslavl rebellion. Since January 1919, deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of Soviet Latvia. In 1919 - member of the Revolutionary Military Council and head of the political department of the 15th Army.

From April 1921 to 1924, head of the Petrograd commercial port. In 1925–1931 - prev. board of Sovtorgflot. He worked in the Latvian section of the Comintern.

At the time of his arrest, he was the head of the general group of the personnel department of the construction of the Palace of the Soviets. Arrested on November 24, 1937, executed on March 7, 1939. Posthumously rehabilitated in 1956.

Awarded the Order of the Red Banner (1928).

Zeybot Arvid Yanovich

21.08.1894-9.11.1934.

Latvian. Born in Riga into a peasant family (then his father became a worker). Member of the Social Democracy of the Latvian region since 1912. Graduated from a real school in Riga. He studied at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University. Since 1916 - illegal. After the February Revolution - deputy of the Riga Council, member of the Executive Committee of the Latvian Riflemen. Member of the RSDLP (internationalists), Bolshevik since 1918. During the German occupation, he was arrested and released after the conclusion of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. In the fall of 1918 he returned to Riga. Commissioner of Statistics of the Soviet Government of Latvia. From May 1919 to September 1920 - head of the political department of the 15th Army. Since September 1920 - office. Head of the Registration Department of the Field Headquarters of the RVSR.

From April 1921 - head of the Register of the PSh RVSR. From November 1922 to March 1924 - head and military commissar of the Intelligence Department of the Red Army Headquarters.

In 1924–1926 - consul, then consul general of the USSR in Harbin under the surname Grant. Then at work in the People's Commissariat of Railways, the People's Commissariat of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. Since 1928 - assistant to the deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Y. Rudzutaka.

He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.

Berzin (Berzins, real name Kyuzis Peteris) Jan Karlovich (Pavel Ivanovich)

25.11.1889-29.07.1938. Army Commissar 2nd rank (1937).

Latvian. Son of a farm laborer. He studied at the Baltic Teachers' Seminary. Bolshevik since 1905. Participant in the revolutions of 1905–1907 (in 1907 he was sentenced to death by the Revel provisional military court, commuted to 8 years of imprisonment in a fortress, released in 1909, in 1911 exiled to Siberia to settle in the Irkutsk province. , fled in 1912 and until 1917 was on illegal party work in Livonia province and St. Petersburg), the February and October civil wars. In 1917 - member of the Vyborg and St. Petersburg committees of the RSDLP(b). From December 1917 - in the apparatus of the NKVD of the RSFSR. In January-May 1919 - deputy. People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of Soviet Latvia. In July-August 1919 - head of the political department of the 11th Petrograd Rifle Division, from August 1919 - head of the Special Department of the 15th Army. From December 1920 in the Intelligence Department of the Red Army: head of the intelligence department (1920–1921), deputy. chief (1921–1924).

Head of the IV (Intelligence) Directorate (April 1924-April 1935, June-August 1937).

From April 1935 to June 1936 - deputy. commander of the troops of the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army for political affairs. In 1936–1937 - chief military adviser in the Republican Army in Spain. Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner.

Uritsky Semyon Petrovich

2.03.1895-1.08.1938. Komkor (1935).

Jew. A native of Cherkassy, ​​Kyiv province. Nephew of M. S. Uritsky. He was brought up in the family of V. Vorovsky. In 1910–1915 he worked at Epstein's pharmaceutical warehouses in Odessa. Member of the RSDLP since 1912. Participant of the 1st World War, in 1915–1917 - private of the dragoon regiment. In 1917, organizer and commander of the Red Guard in Odessa. Commander and commissar of cavalry units of the 3rd Army, chief of staff of the division. Commander of the cavalry brigade of the 2nd Cavalry Army, worked at Epstein's pharmaceutical warehouses in Odessa. Member of the RSDLP since 1912. Participant in the First World War. In 1915–1917 private of a dragoon regiment.

In 1917, organizer and commander of the Red Guard in Odessa. Participant in the Civil War. In July 1918 - June 1921, head of the Povorinsky combat sector, instructor department of the headquarters of the Southern Front, assistant. Chief of Staff of the 58th Infantry Division, commander of the cavalry brigade special purpose 2nd Cavalry Army. In 1920, head of the operational department of the Intelligence Department of the Field Headquarters of the Revolutionary Military Forces. In 1921, he took part in the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion. Since June 1921, head of the Odessa fortified area.

In 1922 he graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army. Owned French. After graduating from the Military Academy of the Red Army, he was sent to Germany, France and Czechoslovakia, where he worked illegally (1922–1924). Since 1925, head of the Odessa Infantry School, then assistant. chief, chief and military commissar of the Moscow Infantry School named after. Aschenbrenner.

In June 1927 he was appointed commander of the 20th Infantry Division. Since January 1929, deputy. Chief of Staff of the North Caucasus Military District. In May 1930 - July 1931, commander of the 8th, then 6th Rifle Corps. In July 1931 - August 1932, chief of staff of the Leningrad Military District. He headed the military delegation to Germany. Since August 1932, commander of the 13th Rifle Corps. Since January 1934, deputy. Head of the Department of Mechanization and Motorization - Automotive and Armored Directorate of the Red Army.

Since 1936, member of the Military Technical Commission under the People's Commissariat of Defense. Since June 1937, deputy commander of the Moscow Military District.

Awarded 2 Orders of the Red Banner. Arrested on November 1, 1937, executed on August 1, 1938. Posthumously rehabilitated in 1956.

Gendin Semyon Grigorievich

04.1902–23.02.1939. Senior major GB (1936).

Jew. A native of Dvinsk, from the family of a dentist. He graduated from 5 classes of a gymnasium in Moscow (1918). Member of the RCP(b) since October 1918. In 1920 he graduated from the Moscow command artillery courses. In 1921 he studied at the Higher Military Chemical Courses of the Red Army. In 1918–1921 in the Red Army, participant in the Civil War on the Petrograd and Caucasus fronts - platoon commander, battery, pom. beginning artillery of the Novorossiysk fortified area.

Since 1921, in the bodies of the Cheka - investigator of the Moscow Cheka, assistant to the head of the 6th and 7th departments of the KRO OGPU (1923–1925), head of the 7th department of the KRO OGPU (1925). Participant in Operation Syndicate-2, the investigation into the case of B.V. Savinkov, was awarded a diploma from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR (1924).

Since 1925 deputy head of the 6th department of the KRO OGPU. In 1926–1929 - deputy. Head of the KRO GPU of the BSSR and the OGPU PP for the Western Territory.

Since 1929, in the central apparatus of the OGPU - head of the 7th (1929–1930), 9th and 10th departments of the KRO (1930), employee for special assignments of the OGPU (1930–1931), office. head of the 1st and 2nd departments of the OGPU PA (1931–1933), head of the 2nd department of the OGPU PA (1933–1934).

In 1934–1935, head of the 4th department of the OO GUGB NKVD of the USSR, at the same time in 1935–1936 pom. Head of the GUGB NKVD.

In September 1936 - April 1937, head of the NKVD of the Western Region, at the same time deputy. Head of the Public Association of the BVI. In April - September 1937 deputy. Head of the 4th Department of the GUGB NKVD.

From September 1937 to October 1938 - acting Head of the Red Army Intelligence Department. Member of the Military Council of NGOs of the USSR.

He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (1927, 1938), the Order of Lenin (1937), 2 badges of “Honorary Worker of the Cheka - GPU” (1924, 1936), military weapons (1927, 1932), and the medal “XX Years of the Red Army” (1938).

Orlov Alexander Grigorievich

1898-01/24/1940. Divisional Commander (1935).

Russian. The son of the director of the gymnasium, state councilor. He graduated from a real school in Perm (1915), a law student at Moscow University (1915–1917). After graduating from the Mikhailovsky Artillery School (1917), he became an ensign of the 1st mountain artillery division on the Romanian Front. From April 1918 in Perm - commander of a battery of the Perm artillery brigade, then commander of a separate reserve battery of the Volga Military District. Participant in the Civil War. In September-December 1920 at the front against Wrangel, chief of artillery and division commander of a separate shock brigade. As a result of the injury, he lost his leg. Awarded the Order of the Red Banner No. 98.

He taught at the 12th infantry courses in Ufa (1921–1922). In 1922–1925 - teacher of the United military school All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Graduated from the Department of Soviet Law FON 1st Moscow State University (1925). Member of the CPSU(b) since 1927 (candidate since 1924).

In 1925–1929 - office. chief, head of department, legal adviser of the Legislative Department of the Administration of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. In 1929–1931 - head of department, assistant. manager of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR (until November 1931). In July - September 1931 he was on a business trip to Germany (to familiarize himself with artillery). In November 1931-December 1933 - head of the Department of Military Instruments as part of the Main Artillery Directorate of the Red Army. In February - May 1932 - military expert of the Soviet delegation at the Geneva Disarmament Conference. From January 1934 to February 1935 - office. military attaché in France. From November 1935 to 1937 - military attaché in Germany and Hungary.

From September 1937 - deputy. Head of the IV (Intelligence) Directorate of the Red Army.

Since April 1939 - head of the department of foreign languages ​​at the Artillery Academy of the Red Army.

Proskurov Ivan Iosifovich

1907-28.10.1941. Lieutenant General (1940).

Member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since 1927. Laborer for German colonists in the village. Khortytsia on the Dnieper. Then an unskilled cupola worker, chairman of the district trade union, a student at the workers' faculty and the Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture in Kharkov, a cadet at the military pilot school in Stalingrad, and a pilot instructor in Moscow. In 1934 - aircraft commander of the 20th heavy bomber squadron, then commander of the squadron detachment.

From September 1936 to May 1938 - in Spain, commander of a high-speed bomber air brigade. Then the commander of the 2nd aviation army special purpose.

From April 14, 1939 to July 27, 1940 - head of the V (Intelligence) Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Defense and deputy. People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR.

Since July 1940 - Commander of the Air Force of the Far Eastern Military District. Member of the USSR Armed Forces. Hero of the Soviet Union. Shot on October 28, 1941 in Kuibyshev.

Golikov Philip Ivanovich

07/28/1900-07/29/1980. Soviet military leader. Marshal of the Soviet Union (1961).

Born in the village. Borisov, Katai district, Kurgan region, in a peasant family. Member of the RCP(b) since 1918. In the Red Army since 1918. Participant in the Civil War. After graduation, until 1931 - in party political work, then commander of an infantry regiment, division, mechanized brigade, mechanized corps, member of the Military Council of the BVI. In 1933 he graduated from the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze.

From November 1938 - commander of Vinnitsa army group, from September 1939 - 6th Army. He took part in the liberation of Western Ukraine.

In 1940–1941 - deputy. Chief of the General Staff and Head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Defense, Major General.

Head of the Soviet military mission in England and the USA. During the Great Patriotic War - commander of the 10th and 4th shock armies, Bryansk and Voronezh fronts, 1st Guards Army. From April 1943 - deputy. People's Commissar of Defense for Personnel, since May 1943 - Head of the Main Personnel Directorate of NGOs of the USSR. From 1950 - commander of the formation, from 1956 - head of the Military Academy of Armor tank troops, in 1958–1962 - head of GlavPU Soviet army and the Navy.

Since 1962 - in the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1961–1966. Awarded four Orders of Lenin.

Panfilov Alexey Pavlovich

Born in Kazan in the family of a railway employee. Russian. He graduated from the Sviyazhsk Higher Primary School in 1916 and two courses from the Kazan Polytechnic Institute. He joined the Red Army voluntarily in April 1918. Member of the RCP(b) since 1918. Participant in the Civil War in 1918–1920. on the Eastern Front from Kazan to Petropavlovsk as part of the 26th Infantry Division. District military commissar, held administrative and economic positions; in military-political work he went from regimental military commissar to military commissar of a separate brigade. In 1925–1926 studied at the advanced training courses for senior command staff of the Red Army. In 1928–1931 - assistant Prosecutor of the 18th Rifle Corps, assistant. Prosecutor of the Military Prosecutor's Office of the Leningrad Military District. In 1937 he graduated from the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization named after. I.V. Stalin. Participant in the fighting in the area of ​​Lake Khasan in 1938 (commanded the 2nd tank brigade) and at Khalkhin Gol in 1939. Pom. Head of the Armored Directorate of the General Staff of the Red Army. Major General of Tank Forces (06/04/1940).

In 1940–1941 - deputy Head of the Intelligence Department of the General Staff of the Red Army.

In 1941–1942 - Head of the Intelligence Department of the General Staff of the Red Army, authorized by the General Staff of the Red Army to form units of the Polish army.

In 1942–1944 - deputy commander of the 3rd and 5th tank armies. From 08/11/1944 - commander of the 3rd Guards Tank Corps. Hero of the Soviet Union (05/29/1945). Then in command positions in the troops and at the Academy of Armored Forces and at the Military Academy of the General Staff. Awarded two Orders of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov 1st and 2nd degree.

He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Ilyichev Ivan Ivanovich

08/14/1905–09/2/1983. Lieutenant General.

Born in the village. Navoloki near Kaluga. A worker in the electrical workshops of the Kaluga station traffic service. In 1924–1929 - at Komsomol work in Kaluga and Smolensk provinces. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1925. Since 1929 - in the Red Army. In May 1938 he graduated from the Military-Political Academy. Lenin and was appointed head of the political department of the Intelligence Department of the Red Army. Brigadier Commissar.

In 1942–1945 - Head of the GRU of the People's Commissariat of Defense.

Lieutenant General. Since 1948 - in diplomatic work. In 1948–1949 - in the central office of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1949–1952 - deputy political adviser to the Soviet Control Commission in Germany, chief resident of the Information Committee in Germany. In 1952–1953 he headed the diplomatic mission of the USSR in the GDR. In 1953–1956 - High Commissioner, then (from 1956) USSR Ambassador to Austria. In 1956 - head. Department of the Scandinavian countries of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1956–1966 - manager 3rd European Department of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs, member of the board of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1966–1968 - Ambassador of the USSR to Denmark. Then at a responsible job in the central office of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Since 1975 - retired.

Awarded the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution, the Red Banner, Kutuzov 1st degree, the Patriotic War 1st degree, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, two Orders of the Red Star, and medals.

Kuznetsov Fedor Fedotovich

6.09.1904–1979. Colonel General (1944).

Born in the village of Pritykino, Ryazan province. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1926. In 1931 he graduated from the workers' faculty. At Komsomol and trade union work. In 1937 - 1st Secretary of the Proletarian District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (Moscow). From 1938 - in the Red Army. Head of the department of the Political Administration of the Red Army, head of the department and deputy. Head of the Main Directorate of Political Propaganda of the Red Army. From 1939 to 1952, and also from 1956 to 1961 - member of the Central Audit Commission parties. Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee from 1952 to 1956. During the Great Patriotic War from 1942 to 1943 - member of the Military Council of the 60th Army and the Voronezh Front.

In 1945–1949 - head of the GRU NKO - MVS, deputy. Chief of the General Staff, 1st Deputy Chairman of the Information Committee under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

Since 1949 - Head of the Main Political Directorate of the USSR Armed Forces. Since 1953 - Head of the Main Personnel Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since 1957 - head of the Military-Political Academy. Since 1959 - head of the PU and member of the Armed Forces of the Northern Group of Forces. Retired since 1969.

He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Trusov Nikolay Mikhailovich

10.20.1906- 11.1985. Lieutenant General (1955).

Born in Moscow. From the workers. Printer worker. Member of the Komsomol since 1923, CPSU(b) since 1927. Since 1931 - in the Red Army. He graduated from the full course of the armored school in Orel. Company commander of the regiment of the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization named after. I.V. Stalin. Since 1934 - 1st year student of the command department of the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization named after. I.V. Stalin. In December 1937 he completed foreign language courses at the Intelligence Department. Was at the disposal of the Intelligence Department. He knew German perfectly and before the war he went on business trips abroad. Since June 1940 - head of the educational department of the Central School for the Training of Staff Commanders. Since September 1940 - head of the 1st year department of the 3rd faculty of the Higher Secondary School of the General Staff. Since February 1941 - at the disposal of the Intelligence Department of the Red Army. In 1941–1943 - deputy. head of the intelligence department of the Southern Front. From 1943 - head of the intelligence department of the North Caucasus Front, then the Black Sea Group of Forces of the Transcaucasian Front (based on the North Caucasus Front), and in 1944 - a separate Primorsky Army. In 1945 - head of the intelligence department of the 1st Belorussian Front. From 11/17/1943 - Major General. In May 1945, he headed the control commission of the High Command of the Soviet Army in Germany.

In 1947–1949 - head of the intelligence and sabotage service of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.

In the 50s, deputy head of the GRU. In the 60s - military attaché in Czechoslovakia.

He was buried in Moscow at the Kuntsevo cemetery.

Awarded the Order of Lenin (1957), Kutuzov 2nd degree (1955).

Zakharov Matvey Vasilievich

08/17/1898-01/31/1972. Marshal of the Soviet Union (1959).

Soviet military leader. Member of the Bolshevik Party since 1917. Participant in the storming of the Winter Palace. During the Civil War - commander of a battery, division, assistant. chief of staff of the rifle brigade. In 1928 he graduated from the supply department, in 1933 - from the operational department of the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze, in 1937 - Military Academy of the General Staff. In 1936 he commanded a rifle regiment, from July 1937 - chief of staff of the Leningrad Military District, from May 1938 - deputy. Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces.

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War - Chief of Staff of the 9th Army, from July 1941 - of the Main Command of the North-Western Direction, from January 1942 - Chief of Staff of the Kalinin Army, in April-October 1943 - of the Reserve and Stepnoy, in October 1943 - June 1945 - 2 -th Ukrainian, during the war with Japan - Transbaikal fronts. Professor (1948). In 1945–1949 and 1963–1964 - head of the Military Academy of the General Staff.

From 1949 to 1952 - head of the GRU.

From 1952 - chief inspector of the Soviet Army, then commander of the LVO troops, commander-in-chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. In 1960–1963 and 1964–1971 - 1st deputy. Minister of Defense of the USSR - Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Member of the CPSU Central Committee since 1961. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1945, 1971).

He was buried on Red Square in the Kremlin wall.

Shalin Mikhail Alekseevich

11/29/1897–1970. Colonel General.

Soviet military leader. Born in the village. Kumaksky, Orsky district, Orenburg province, in a peasant family. In 1916 he graduated from the teachers' seminary and in May 1916 he was called up for military service as a private. In June 1917 he graduated from an accelerated course at the Vilna Military School in Poltava. Ensign, company commander of the 17th Siberian Rifle Reserve Regiment. He joined the Red Army voluntarily in May 1918. Member of the RCP(b) since November 1918. Participant in the Civil War in 1918–1921. In positions from treasurer to regiment commander in parts of the Eastern and Western Fronts. He commanded a shock detachment during the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion.

In 1922–1929, military commissar of the Orsk district, then military commissar of the Tyumen district, head of the Administration of the territorial district of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1928 he graduated from the senior course of the Shot course. Deputy Chief of Staff of the 13th Rifle Corps. In 1936 he graduated from the Special (Eastern) Faculty of the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze. Major (1935). In 1936–1938 - at the disposal of the Intelligence Department of the Red Army. In 1938–1939 - head of the Central School for the Training of Staff Commanders, Colonel (1938). From June 1939 - head of the 10th department of the headquarters of the Siberian Military District.

In 1941–1945 - chief of staff of the 16th Army, 22nd Army, 1st Tank Army. Lieutenant General.

Since 1964 - retired. He died in February 1970 with the rank of retired colonel general. Awarded the Order of Lenin and 4 Orders of the Red Banner.

He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Shtemenko Sergey Matveevich

02/07/1907 - 04/23/1976. Army General (1968).

Born in the village of Uryupinskaya (now the city of Uryupinsk, Volgograd region) in a Cossack family. In the Red Army since 1926. Member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since 1930. Graduated from the Sevastopol School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery (1930), the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization named after. I. V. Stalin (1937), Military Academy of the General Staff (1940). Since 1940 - at the General Staff of the Red Army.

During the Great Patriotic War, Deputy. head, head of the General Staff Operations Directorate, 1st deputy. beginning Operational management of the General Staff. Since 1943 - Head of the Operations Directorate of the General Staff. Since 1946 - deputy. chief and head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff, in 1948–1952 - chief of the General Staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (VM) of the USSR, deputy. Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Since June 1952 - in various positions in the troops and on the General Staff.

In 1956–1957 - Head of the GRU of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces.

Since July 1962 - Chief of the General Staff Ground Forces, since April 1964 - head of the Main Directorate and deputy. Chief of the General Staff. Since 1968 - deputy. Chief of the General Staff, Chief of Staff of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact.

He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Serov Ivan Alexandrovich

08/25/1905-07/1/1990. Army General (1955).

A native of the village. Afimskaya, Sokolsky district, Vologda province. After graduating from high school in 1923, he worked in the village executive committee. Since 1926 - member of the CPSU (b). In 1928 he graduated from the Leningrad Military School, after which he served in artillery: he commanded a platoon, a battery, and served as chief of staff of a regiment. In 1935–1939 - student at the Military Academy named after. M. V. Frunze. Upon graduation, he worked in the NKVD of the USSR, deputy. chief, then head of the Main Directorate of the Workers' and Peasants' Militia of the NKVD of the USSR. Since 1939 - head of the 2nd department and deputy. Head of the GUGB NKVD of the USSR. From February 25, 1941 - 1st deputy. People's Commissar of State Security of the USSR. Commissar of State Security, II rank (February 4, 1943). In 1941–1954 - Deputy, First Deputy People's Commissar (Minister) of Internal Affairs of the USSR, in 1954–1958 - Chairman of the KGB under the USSR Council of Ministers. Army General, Hero of the Soviet Union. Member of the party's Central Committee in 1956–1961 (candidate in 1941–1956).

In 1958–1963 - Head of the GRU General Staff - Deputy. Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces.

Then, until 1965, he worked in Tashkent as an assistant to the commander of the TurkVO troops for military educational institutions. Demoted to military rank to Major General for “loss of political vigilance.” He was deprived of awards from the Soviet government and expelled from the CPSU.

Died in Moscow.

Ivashutin Petr Ivanovich

Genus. 09/18/1909. Army General (1971).

Member of the CPSU(b) since 1930. In the Red Army since 1931. Pilot. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish war 1939–1940. Transferred to counterintelligence. During the Great Patriotic War - deputy. Head of the OO of the Transcaucasian Military District, Crimean, North Caucasian Fronts, Black Sea Group of Forces of the Transcaucasian Front, in 1943–1947 - Head of the Smersh Criminal Defense Forces on the South-Western, 3rd Ukrainian Fronts. After the war - head of the Criminal Investigation Department Southern group troops, GSVG. In November 1949 - January 1952 - head of the Counterintelligence Directorate of the Leningrad Military District. In 1952 - deputy. Head of the 3rd Main Directorate of the USSR Ministry of State Security, in 1952–1953 - Minister of State Security of the Ukrainian SSR.

Deputy Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR since 1954, at the same time in 1954 head of the 5th Directorate of the KGB (counterintelligence in the defense industry). In 1956–1963 - 1st deputy. Chairman of the KGB. In 1962, he led an investigative group sent by the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee to Novocherkassk.

From March 1963 to 1987 - Chief of the GRU General Staff - Deputy. Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

Member of the USSR Supreme Council of the 3rd, 7th-10th convocations. Hero of the Soviet Union (1985). Awarded the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution, and 4 Orders of the Red Banner.

Mikhailov Vladlen Mikhailovich

Born 1925. Army General (1990).

Born in the town of Sychevka, Smolensk region, into a family of collective farmers. In the Red Army since 1942 after graduating from high school. He graduated from the Military School in Vladivostok (1944) and served in the Far East. In 1951-54 he graduated from the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze, served in the Baltic Military District and the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. In 1966-68 he graduated from the General Staff Academy and commanded a division. Then, until 1987, in staff work, including at the General Staff.

In 1987–1991 - deputy. Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces - Chief of the GRU.

Removed from office in October 1991.

Timokhin Evgeniy Leonidovich

Born 1938. Colonel General.

Born in Kharkov. He graduated from the Sumy Military Technical School, the Military Engineering Radio Engineering Academy and the Military Academy of the General Staff. He commanded a division, a separate air defense army in Siberia. Chief of the Main Staff of the Air Defense Forces.

In November 1991–1992 - Head of the GRU of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces.

Subsequently, Deputy Air Defense Commander-in-Chief.

Ladygin Fedor Ivanovich

Born 1937. Colonel General.

Born in the Belgorod region. Graduated from VVIA named after. N. E. Zhukovsky (1959). Served in combat units, Strategic Missile Forces Research Institute, Central Research Institute of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since 1973 in the GRU, deputy. Head of the GRU until 1990. In 1990–1992 - Head of the Contractual and Legal Department of the General Staff.

Head of the GRU in 1992–1997.

Awarded 4 orders and 11 medals.

Korabelnikov Valentin Vladimirovich.

Genus. 01/04/1946. Colonel General.

Born in the Tambov region. He graduated from the Minsk Higher Engineering Anti-Aircraft Missile School (1969), the Military Academy (1974), and the Military Academy of the General Staff (1988). He served in the troops and the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. In 1991–1997 - head of the department, first deputy head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff. Specialist in the field of substantiating requirements and building an information support system for making military and military-political decisions. Head of research to determine directions for the development of information tools and systems. Author scientific works on problems of information support for preparation and decision-making. Corresponding member of the department "Technical means of reconnaissance and target designation" of the Russian Russian Academy rocket and artillery sciences.

Graduated from the Military Diplomatic Academy under the USSR Ministry of Defense. He worked for more than 20 years in the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. From 1992 to 1997, he was the first deputy chief of the GRU of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. During the hostilities on the territory of the Chechen Republic, he repeatedly traveled to the combat zone. In May 1997, during the medical examination preceding the dismissal of Colonel General Fyodor Ladygin, he was acting head of the GRU.

In May 1997, he was appointed head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces.

On August 20, 1997, he was introduced to the Coordination Interdepartmental Council for Military-Technical Cooperation of the Russian Federation with Foreign States. Since December 31, 1997 - member of the Supervisory Board for the activities of the Rosvooruzhenie and Promexport companies. In July 1999, V. Korabelnikov received gratitude from President B. Yeltsin for his significant contribution to the process of resolving the conflict in the Yugoslav region of Kosovo. On September 6, 1999, he was included in the Commission under the President of the Russian Federation on military-technical cooperation with foreign states.

There is a new chief in the GRU - General Igor Korobov (biography raises many questions)

Lieutenant General Igor Korobov was appointed head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.This was reported to the Russian Ministry of Defense.

“The corresponding decision has been made, Igor Korobov has been appointed head of the GRU,”- explained the representative of the Ministry of Defense.

“On Monday, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu presented General Korobov with the personal standard of the head of the GRU. General Korobov was introduced to the generals and officers of the military intelligence headquarters. The ceremony took place at the Glaucus headquarters. On Friday, Korobov will take up his new office,” the source said.

According to information from the military department, the GRU seriously feared that a security officer from other structures (for example, from the Federal Security Service or the Foreign Intelligence Service) who had not previously encountered the peculiarities of working in military intelligence could be appointed as the new leader.

The Main Intelligence Directorate - GRU - is one of the most closed security forces: its structure, numerical strength, as well as the biographies of senior officers are a state secret.

The GRU is the foreign intelligence agency of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the central military intelligence management body in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It is the executive body and military control body of other military organizations (the Russian Ministry of Defense and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation).It is headed by the Chief of the GRU, who reports to the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation. The GRU and its structures are engaged in intelligence in the interests of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, including intelligence, space, radio-electronic, etc.

On November 21, 2018, after a long illness, Igor Korobov, Chief of the GRU of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, died. Appointed to perform his duties

According to Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, the Russian military intelligence system under the command of Colonel General Igor Sergun worked very effectively. She “timely revealed new challenges and threats to the security of the Russian Federation.” Military intelligence participated in the planning and implementation of the operation to annex Crimea to Russia in February-March 2014.

Since the summer of 2015, the GRU, together with the Main Operations Directorate of the General Staff, has been planning a Russian air operation in Syria.

In November 2015, the head of the GRU, Colonel General Igor Sergun, visited Damascus confidentially. The GRU prepared an open report at an international conference held in Moscow in the fall of 2015, which analyzed the goals and recruitment activity “ Islamic State» in the Central Asian region and the republics of the Ural-Volga region and the North Caucasus.

Sergei Shoigu presents a personal standard to the Chief of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, Lieutenant General Igor Korobov. Photo: Twitter of the Russian Ministry of Defense

The GRU, according to foreign sources, uses high-tech methods of search and data analysis to collect information. Thus, in January 2016, the German magazine “Spiegel” claimed that the hacker attack on the Bundestag in 2015 was initiated by Russian military intelligence. Similar actions by hackers took place in some other NATO countries.

Bloomberg indicates that GRU employees use disguises in cyberspace that the US National Security Agency is unable to reveal.Moreover, the level of competence of GRU specialists is so high that their presence can only be revealed if they themselves want it...

For a long time, the headquarters of the GRU was located in Moscow in the Khodynskoye Pole area, Khoroshevskoye Shosse, 76.After the construction of a new headquarters complex, which consists of several buildings with an area of ​​more than 70 thousand m² with a so-called situation center and command post, the GRU headquarters was moved to the street. Grizodubova in Moscow, 100 meters from the old complex known as the Aquarium.

Colonel General Igor Sergun, who previously headed the GRU, died suddenly on January 3, 2016 in the Moscow region due to acute heart failure at the age of 58.

As Ivan Safronov wrote earlier in the article “Intelligence Among Our Own”, posted on the portal of the Kommersant publishing house, competent persons first of all named one of his deputies as the new head of the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation instead of the deceased Igor Sergun .

Vladimir Putin expressed condolences to Sergun’s family and friends, calling him a man of great courage. Expressing condolences to the general’s family and colleagues, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said that it was under his leadership that “the Russian military intelligence system received its further development, functioned with proper efficiency, promptly revealed new challenges and threats to the security of the Russian Federation.”

Let us note that General Sergun headed the GRU immediately after the reforms of Alexander Shlyakhturov. The reform provided for a reduction in the number of special forces brigades, as well as the transfer of some units to the subordination of military districts. According to a General Staff officer, after the appointment of Sergei Shoigu as head of the military department, Igor Sergun carried out a structural reorganization of the GRU, rolling back some of the changes of his former chief.Already in February-March 2014, the special service played one of the main roles in the operation to annex Crimea to Russia.

Sources close to the General Staff note that the new head of military intelligence will lead an extremely effective and balanced department, the creation of which is “the merit of Igor Dmitrievich Sergun.” The head of the GRU, Sergun, last years there were at least four substitutes about whom little is known.

General Vyacheslav Kondrashov

in 2011, he was already deputy to the previous head of the GRU, Alexander Shlyakhturov; in May of the same year, he presented a report at the Academy of the General Staff on tactical and technical characteristics ballistic missiles in service in the countries of the Near and Middle East (including Iran and North Korea).

General Sergey Gizunov

Before his appointment to the central apparatus of the GRU, he headed the 85th main center of the special service, and at the end of 2009 he became a laureate of the Russian Government Prize in the field of science and technology.

Igor Lelin

in May 2000, with the rank of colonel, he was the military attache of the Russian Federation in Estonia (he was mentioned in a report by a local publication dedicated to the laying of flowers at the memorial to liberating soldiers on Tõnismägi Square), by 2013 he received the rank of major general and worked as deputy head of the main department personnel of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. In 2014 he was transferred to the GRU.

The fourth deputy of Igor Sergun was General Igor Korobov. There is no mention of his participation in any public events, the biography of Igor Korobov is a “closed seal” secret, but it was he who was called “in the media” serious person” and was considered the most likely candidate for the vacant post.

What is reliably known about the new head of the GRU?

What details of Igor Korobov’s biography are still known?

He was awarded the Order “For Services to the Fatherland”, 4th degree, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of Courage, the Order “For Military Merit”, the Order “For Service to the Motherland in the USSR Armed Forces”, 3rd degree and the Medal “For Courage”.

It is difficult to construct a detailed biography, but the key points can be outlined. Let's skip the school years. It is known that Igor Korobov graduated with honors from the flight department of the Stavropol Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots and Navigators air defense(1973-1977) Received the rank of lieutenant. To serve, he was assigned to the 518th Fighter Aviation Berlin Order of Suvorov Regiment (Talagi airfield, Arkhangelsk) of the 10th Separate Red Banner Air Defense Army.

Young pilots who arrived in the regiment from the Stavropol school - lieutenants Faezov, Anokhin, Korobov, Patrikeev, Zaporozhtsev, Syrovatkin, Tkachenko, Fatkulin and Tyurin - spent the first year retraining for new equipment in the third squadron of the regiment. After this they were assigned to the first and second squadrons. Lieutenant Korobov ended up in the second.

Two-seat Tu-128 long-range loitering interceptors (a total of five regiments in the USSR Air Defense Fighter Aviation were equipped with them) covered the areas of Novaya Zemlya, Norilsk, Khatanga, Tiksi, Yakutsk, etc. In those directions, there were “gaps” in the single radar field and there were very few alternate airfields, which made the “carcass” the only effective means of covering the country’s air borders.

Second squadron of the 518th Berlin Aviation Order of Suvorov Regiment. The squadron commander and his deputy are sitting. Standing on the far right is senior lieutenant Igor Korobov (between the pilots - “Korobok”). Talagi airfield, Arkhangelsk, late 1970s.

In 1980, a personnel officer from the central apparatus of the GRU came to the regiment, began to study personal files, and selected two SVVAULSH graduates from 1977 - Viktor Anokhin and Igor Korobov. At the interview, Viktor Anokhin refused the offer to change his job profile. Igor Korobov agreed.

In 1981, Igor Korobov entered the Military Diplomatic Academy with a specialization in military intelligence.

Then - in various positions in the GRU, he was the first deputy head of the Main Directorate, supervising strategic intelligence issues - all of the department's foreign residencies were under his jurisdiction.

In February 2016, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, he was appointed head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Apparently, the Ministry of Defense was inclined towards the option that would allow maintaining continuity in the work of the special service, which General Sergun had been building in recent years.

Sources in the military department told Kommersant that the new head of the GRU will be an active intelligence officer, and not someone from other law enforcement agencies. According to them, the candidacies of several deputies of Igor Sergun, who died suddenly on January 3 in the Moscow region due to acute heart failure, were considered as a priority.

According to Kommersant's information, the GRU feared that a security officer from other structures (for example, from the Federal Security Service or the Foreign Intelligence Service), who had not previously encountered the peculiarities of the work of military intelligence, could be appointed as the new leader.

The General Staff and the Ministry of Defense considered that continuity was necessary for the stable functioning of the department.

New headquarters of the Main Intelligence Directorate outside and inside

Currently, the GRU is actively involved in planning Russia’s military air operation in Syria, and also provides space, electronic and human intelligence data to the country’s top military-political leadership.

Given the importance of this work, it can be assumed that the new head of the GRU enjoys the full confidence of the Russian leadership.

GRU structure

ABOUT modern structure It is difficult to judge the GRU, but judging by open sources, the GRU includes 12-14 main departments and about ten auxiliary departments. Let's name the main ones.

The first Directorate includes the countries of the European Commonwealth (except Great Britain).

Second Directorate - the Americas, Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

Third Directorate – Asian countries.

Fourth Directorate – African countries.

The Fifth Directorate deals with operational intelligence.

Sixth – radio intelligence.

The Seventh Directorate works for NATO.

Eighth Directorate – sabotage (SpN).

The Ninth Directorate deals with military technology.

Tenth – military economy.

Eleventh – strategic doctrines and weapons.

Twelfth – ensuring information wars.

In addition, there are auxiliary departments and departments, including the space intelligence department, personnel department, operational and technical department, administrative and technical department, external relations department, archive department and information service.

General military training GRU officers are trained at the Novosibirsk Higher Military Command School. Specialties:

“use of military reconnaissance units”

“use of special reconnaissance units” .

Special training for GRU officers is at the Military-Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Faculties:

strategic human intelligence,

agent-operational intelligence,

operational-tactical reconnaissance .

The structure of the GRU also includes research institutes, including the famous 6th and 18th Central Research Institutes in Moscow.

2018-11-22T21:22:11+05:00 Alex Zarubin Analysis - forecast Defense of the Fatherland Figures and faces army, biography, military operations, GRU, intelligence, RussiaThe GRU has a new chief - General Igor Korobov (biography raises many questions) Lieutenant General Igor Korobov was appointed head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. This was reported to the Russian Ministry of Defense. “The corresponding decision has been made, Igor Korobov has been appointed head of the GRU,” explained a representative of the Ministry of Defense. “On Monday, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu presented General Korobov with a personal...Alex Zarubin Alex Zarubin [email protected] Author In the Middle of Russia

These people prefer not to put their lives on public display. The GRU special forces do not even have their own designation or name. And the most interesting thing is their secrecy in their work. After all, special forces operate in all parts of our planet, and their representatives can be dressed in absolutely any clothing, including the uniform of the British army or other countries.

Spetsnaz is an elite unit of the military forces of the Russian Federation. Many films are made about special forces soldiers, books and articles are written about their hard work for the glory of their homeland. True, the cinematic presentation is most often either embellished or undertold. Only the best of the best are worthy of service in the GRU, which is why very strict selection rules have been created for them. And the most banal training day can shock an ordinary person who has nothing to do with serving in the country’s law enforcement agencies.

On TV or on the Internet they will never talk or write about real special forces operations; most often the noise is made because of failure, but, fortunately for everyone, this practically never happens.

What is GRU

Each country has its own military structures, and it just so happens that foreign intelligence plays one of the most important roles in protecting its state. In the Russian Federation, such functions are performed by the GU GSH VS, which means the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces. However, the predecessor of this name was Main intelligence agency. This is exactly what the GRU transcript will sound like.

Initially, it conducted its reconnaissance and sabotage activities in the interests of the Soviet Union, and was also the central organ of military intelligence.

Intelligence under the Tsar

Even before the overthrow of the monarchy, under Tsarist Russia, sabotage and reconnaissance groups operated. These were specially trained military units. If we recall the reign of Ivan the Fourth, then in the 16th century he was the founder of the guard service, which consisted of Cossack detachments. All warriors were checked for physical health and excellent skills in using weapons (bladed and firearms). Since in those days the Tatars constantly raided Moscow, the main purpose of these detachments was to monitor the surrounding territories to prevent an attack.

At a later time, Alexey Mikhailovich revealed the Secret Order to the country. The order's intelligence officers collected and structured all messages and information reports about possible enemy attacks and the activities of countries in the neighborhood.

In 1764, Suvorov and Kutuzov put forward the idea of ​​​​creating special detachments of rangers. Their operations were carried out in parallel with the main tsarist army. The rangers staged raids and ambushes, and also attacked the enemy in the mountains, forests and other difficult terrain. These were the so-called beginnings of special forces. And in 1810, Barclay de Tolly established the Secret Affairs Expedition.

History of the GRU

When the workers' and peasants' Red Army was formed in the USSR, after the famous revolution, the need arose for the formation of a special unit that was supposed to take on intelligence functions. On this occasion, in 1918, the Bolsheviks came to the creation of the Field Headquarters of the Revolutionary Council. One of the components of this headquarters was special department on registration, collection and processing of information obtained by intelligence officers. As a result, counterintelligence activities were completely transferred to the shoulders of the Field Headquarters.

In 1921, the Intelligence Department of the Red Army Headquarters was formed; it was engaged in reconnaissance not only in difficult and wartime times, but also in peacetime they were one hundred percent covered in reconnaissance work. In Soviet times, human intelligence was carried out. In countries neighboring the Union, special partisan detachments were created that carried out subversive operations.

In 1934, intelligence management was transferred to the People's Commissar of Defense. There have been successful missions within spanish war, however, even such a high-ranking structure as the country’s intelligence service was affected by the tragedy of repression. And by the beginning of World War II, half of the intelligence service was shot. Since 1942, we have known the Razvedupr under the familiar name GRU (Main Intelligence Directorate).

The first special forces units in the USSR

In 1950, a secret decree was issued on the formation of special groups whose task was to conduct sabotage operations on the side of the enemy. All military districts of the Union were equipped with such units; in total they created forty-six companies, each consisting of one hundred and twenty soldiers. And it was they who were the basis for the creation of special forces in 1962. After 6 years, a special regiment was formed to train employees.

The initial purpose of creating such units was to carry out sabotage actions in the war with NATO and the confrontation with the United States in cold war. The pattern of these actions was the collection and delivery of all information from the enemy rear to the GRU headquarters, sowing panic in populated areas where civilians live, undermining important infrastructure, and large-scale actions to destroy enemy headquarters. Weapons of mass destruction were strategically important; special forces destroyed missile silos, airfields used by enemy long-range aviation, launchers, and bases with submarines.

The Afghan war was fought with the active participation of GRU agents, and special forces also played an important role during the unrest in the North Caucasus. Moreover, Tajikistan and Georgia also did not go unnoticed by elite units during their military operations (the last war with Georgia in 2008). On this moment The Syrian war is taking place with the participation of Russian special forces.

Now the GRU command gives orders to act not only by force, but also by information.

The renaming from the Soviet name occurred in 2010. Everyone who is in the service of the GRU (decoding - Main Intelligence Directorate) celebrates their holiday dedicated to military intelligence officers on November 5th.

Management Goals

The GRU is not only a foreign intelligence agency, but also controls other military organizations in Russia, and also appears as an executive military force.

The goals of Russian intelligence can be divided into three points:

• The first is to provide all information intelligence data first of all to the President of our country and then in order of seniority of “roles” (Ministry of Defense, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, Security Council) on the issue of protecting the borders and internal integrity of the Russian Federation. This information is necessary for maintaining internal and foreign policy and so on.
• The second is to provide suitable conditions for the smooth implementation of political actions in the field of defense and security.
• Third - intelligence contributes to the rise in economic sphere, scientific and technical developments and military security of the Russian Federation.

Headquarters

The first GRU headquarters was located on Khodynka. The new one was built 11 years ago and is a large complex of different buildings. The headquarters area is huge - approximately seventy thousand square meters. For physical Security forces training inside even has its own sports complex with a swimming pool. The construction of such a grandiose project cost the country nine billion rubles. The special forces complex is located on Grizodubova Street.

Bat

Probably everyone has seen in photographs or in the news the patches on the GRU uniform in the form of a bat. Where did this animal come from in the GRU emblem? According to some sources, one of the Yekaterinburg journalists during his service decided to draw an emblem for his squad. This happened in 1987, and the bat inside the globe was so liked by the bosses and colleagues that it was immediately printed on all special forces uniforms.

Flower theme

To understand what the GRU is today, you can look at the meaning of the modern emblem. At the moment (since 2002) the bat has been replaced by a red carnation, it means perseverance and devotion. The GRU emblem is the personification of an unyielding decision to achieve a set goal. The Three Flame of Grenada is explained as a badge of honor with a historical past, it was awarded to the best military among the elite units.

True, in the new headquarters the mouse, laid out on the floor, remained adjacent to the flower.

What does it consist of?

Information about the structure of the GRU and its detachments special purpose at the moment it's like this:

• Western Military District with the second brigade.
• The tenth mountain brigade operates in the North Caucasus.
• The special forces who participated in the Afghan and Chechen campaigns were from the fourteenth brigade of the Far East.
• The Western Military District has the sixteenth brigade, it also participated in Chechen wars and in the protection of PSBs in Tajikistan.
• The southern military district is defended by the twenty-second brigade. Has a guards rank after the Great Patriotic War. The twenty-fifth special forces regiment is also stationed here.
• The Central Military District is equipped with soldiers from the twenty-fourth brigade.
• A unit of the 346th brigade is located in Kabardino-Balkaria.
• Fleet on Pacific Ocean, the Baltic and Black Seas, the North Sea is equipped with its own special units intelligence.

What is the total number

For a better understanding of what the GRU is, it is worth paying attention to the absolute secrecy about the number of its fighters. Since the activities of special forces are inaccessible to mere mortals, there are no reliable sources about the real size of the GRU headquarters. Some claim there are six thousand, and some say the figure is fifteen thousand.

Moreover, in addition to the existing special forces units, general military units are also subordinate to the GRU, and their number is approximately twenty-five thousand soldiers.

Training centers

At the moment, it is possible to train as a special forces soldier at the highest levels. educational institutions Ryazan and Cherepovets. The Ryazan Airborne School trains specialists for sabotage activities. There is also a Military Academy of the Ministry of Defense in the Russian Federation. It has three faculties: strategic human intelligence, tactical and human-operational intelligence.

You can enter only if you own several foreign languages and passing a special requirements sheet.

Selection of fighters

What is required of candidates entering such serious institutions to study? Passing the entrance tests is a very labor-intensive process, but with the help of personal patience and accumulated knowledge, as well as physical strength, you can do it.

Absolute physical health- this is an immutable requirement for all applicants. But a future special forces soldier does not have to be two meters tall and have a lot of muscle mass, because the most important thing in this matter is endurance. The raids carried out are usually accompanied by fairly heavy loads and can cover many kilometers.

The standards for admission, for example, include running three kilometers in ten minutes, doing twenty-five pull-ups, a hundred-meter dash must be done in twelve seconds, push-ups must be at least ninety, and the same number of times you must do abdominal exercises (given here just two minutes). One of the most important skills in the work of a special forces soldier is hand-to-hand combat.

This is followed by a very meticulous medical examination. A person must have unshakable stress resistance. His head must be in working order in any situation. For this purpose, trained psychologists are used, and after that the candidate is tested with a “lie detector”. The entire family and even distant relatives are checked by special state security agencies. Parents must write to the management about their consent that their son will serve in the special forces unit.

Preparation for service in special forces

Long-term hard training, learning the correct hand-to-hand combat(it is believed that it strengthens the spirit and character of a fighter), fighting with the use of various objects (not only edged weapons), fights with initially stronger and more experienced opponents - all this awaits a recruit when training in such a serious unit. It is at these moments that the fighter realizes what the GRU is.

From the first day of training, there is a program to instill in them that all of them, special forces soldiers, are the best not only among Russian military structures, but also in the whole world.

One of severe tests, which are given specifically to find out whether a person can survive his limit of physical potential - a long stay in a waking state, a load of extreme physical and psychological actions. And, of course, learning to own small arms(all types).

Igor Korobov was born on August 3, 1956 in the city of Vyazma, Smolensk region. In 1977, he graduated with honors from the flight department of the Stavropol Higher Military Aviation School of Air Defense Pilots and Navigators named after Air Marshal Sudets.

In November 1977, Lieutenant Igor Korobov arrived on assignment for further service in the 518th Fighter Aviation Berlin Order of Suvorov Regiment, the 10th Separate Red Banner Air Defense Army stationed in the city of Arkhangelsk. In 1980, he was selected for further service in the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

In 1985, Korobov received additional education, having successfully graduated from the Military-Diplomatic Academy of the Soviet Army. He served in military service in various leadership positions. He was the first deputy head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, supervising strategic intelligence issues. In particular, all foreign management residencies were under the jurisdiction of Igor Valentinovich. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces.

In January 2016, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Igor Valentinovich Korobov was appointed head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

In early February 2016, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Army General Sergei Shoigu, presented Lieutenant General Igor Korobov with the personal standard of the Chief of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

In May 2017, for the courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty, Colonel General Igor Valentinovich Korobov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation with a special distinction - the Gold Star medal.

Korobov made a visit to the United States on January 27-28, 2018, together with the head of the FSB Bortnikov and the head of the SVR Naryshkin. They all met in Washington with CIA Director Pompeo, and it was the most high-status and representative meeting of the heads of American and Russian intelligence services. The parties discussed the threat of the return of Islamic State militants from Syria, who had previously arrived to fight in Syria from other countries.

Speaks several foreign languages. Married. Has two daughters.

The head of the main directorate of the Russian General Staff, Igor Valentinovich Korobov, died on November 21, 2018 after a serious and long illness.