Volcanoes. Map of active volcanoes of the world online

Volcanoes are not only a fascinating and dangerous sight. It was thanks to volcanic activity that life originated on planet Earth. The atmosphere and hydrosphere appeared due to the emissions of huge amounts of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Today, some fire-breathing mountains remain dormant, while others cause trouble and disturbance to humanity.

Volcano Vesuvius. Italy

It is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in Europe. It was he who destroyed several ancient Roman cities, including Pompeii, in August 1979. He wakes up approximately every 20 years. Last time- in 1944.

Volcano Yellowstone Caldera. USA

About a third of Yellowstone's territory national park occupies an active volcano. Inside, a bubble of magma constantly heats thermal springs, which manifests itself in the formation of geysers and mud pots.

Volcano Krakatoa. Indonesia

It last erupted in 1883, resulting in the destruction of the island on which the volcano is located. The process lasted from May until the end of August. The victims of the ash and tsunami were 36 thousand people and 259 settlements. Today, a 1.5 km area around the island is closed to the public.

Mauna Loa Volcano. Hawaii

It is the second largest of the megavolcanoes, the top of which is covered with snow from January to March. Sometimes it wakes up and pours out lava flows.

Mount Kilimanjaro. Tanzania, Africa

The volcano consists of 3 extinct peaks. However, scientists discovered that only 400 m below the crater of the mountain there is hot lava. In addition, the centuries-old ice cap that covered the peak has almost melted.

Eyjafjallajokull volcano. Iceland

Not long ago, a volcano paralyzed the work of several European airports. The eruption was rated 4 on the VEI scale. Some researchers believe that the awakening of Eyjafjallajokull could be the trigger for the Katla eruption.

Volcano Cotopaxi. Ecuador

This is the most active volcano. After more than 150 years of silence, Cotopaxi came to life again in 2015. Fortunately, no one was hurt.

Volcano Merapi. Java Island

One of the most active volcanoes erupts at least twice a year, with major eruptions occurring every seven years. Local residents have to evacuate. The top of Merapi smokes non-stop.

Volcano Popocatepetl. Mexico

The most powerful eruption occurred in 2000. It was preceded by 15 years of increased activity of the fire mountain. In March 2016, Popocatepetl raised a column of steam, gas and ash to a height of 2 km. The cities of Mexico City and Puebla are at risk.

A volcanic eruption is one of the most spectacular natural phenomena, which attracts a person’s attention, despite considerable danger. A particularly impressive picture is obtained when observing a night eruption. But for the surrounding wildlife, volcanoes initially bring death. Flowing lava, pyroclastic flows, and volcanic bombs can easily destroy nearby human settlements.

1. Llullaillaco, Argentina and Chile (6739 m)

This active volcano is located on the Chilean-Argentine border, in the Peruvian Andes, in the Western Cordillera range. Like several other very high volcanoes, it is located in perhaps the driest Atacama Desert in the world, on the high mountain plateau of Puna de Atacama. Its top is covered with eternal snow. Its last explosive eruption occurred in 1877, and it is now in the solfataric stage. Interestingly, in 1999, three mummified children’s bodies were found near the top of the volcano; it is believed that the Incas sacrificed them here about 500 years ago.

2. San Pedro, Chile (6145 m)

This active Andean volcano is located in northern Chile, closer to the Bolivian border. It is located on the edge of the Atacama Desert, northeast of the city of Calama, in the province of El Loa. This stratovolcano is mainly composed of basalts, dacites and andesites. East of San Pedro is a similar volcano, San Pablo, which has a height of 6092 meters. A high saddle stretches between the volcanoes. San Pedro last erupted in 1960. The documented first ascent of this peak in 1903 was made by the Frenchman George Corti and the Chilean Philemon Morales.

3. Cotopaxi, Ecuador (5897 m)

The active Cotopaxi volcano is the highest in Ecuador and the second highest peak in that country. This is one of the highest peaks of the western tip of the South American ridge of the Eastern Cordillera. This superactive volcano erupted approximately 50 times after 1738, but went quiet for a long time in 1877. Finally, after more than a century, Cotopaxi erupted again in 2015. Translated from the Quechua language, the name of the volcano can be translated as “smoking mountain.” Its first recorded eruption occurred in 1534, with major ones occurring in 1532, 1742, 1768, 1864 and 1877. Until 1940, there was little activity.
In 1768, the most destructive eruption of Cotopaxi occurred. A huge column of ash and steam rose from its mouth in early April, and on April 4, emissions of lava, sulfur and pyroclastic flows began. As a result of a strong earthquake, the city of Latacunga and nearby settlements were completely destroyed. Products of the volcano explosion were later found hundreds of kilometers away, including on the shore Pacific Ocean and in the Amazon basin.

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4. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania (5895 m)

Africa's highest peak, Kilimanjaro, is a potential stratovolcano. The mountain is located in the northeast of Tanzania near the Masai plateau, which itself is raised 900 m above sea level. Volcanologists discovered in 2003 that magma is located under the crater of the main peak of the Kibo volcano at a depth of only 400 m. Now the volcano is only emitting gases and so far there is nothing indicating the proximity of an eruption. But there is an opinion that the dome of the volcano may collapse, and then a catastrophe similar to what happened during the eruption of Mount St. Helens could occur. In the past, ground shifts and landslides have already been observed on Kibo, after one of which a “western gap” was formed. Human history does not remember the eruptions of Kilimanjaro, although local legends speak of the prehistoric activity of the now dormant volcano.

5. Misti, Peru (5822 m)

This South American volcano is located in southern Peru. In winter, its top is covered with snow. Misti is an active volcano; its last, rather weak, eruption was noted in 1985. The shape of the cone suggests that Misti is an ordinary stratovolcano, the eruptions of which alternate between the outpouring of lava and explosions with the release of pyroclastic flows and clouds of ash. The volcano has three concentric craters. According to research by volcanologists, over the last century there have been five weak eruptions of this volcano. But in the 15th century, residents of the city of Arequipa were forced to flee due to the strong eruption of Misti. Not far from the inner crater in 1998, 6 mummified bodies of the Incas and a number of artifacts were found.

6. Orizaba, Mexico (5675 m)

This Mexican volcano is the most... high point country and third in the whole North America. It belongs to the stratovolcanoes, and its eruptions were recorded in 1537, 1566, 1569, 1613, 1630 and 1687. Last eruption occurred in 1846, which proves that this volcano is one of the most active. From its top you can clearly see the city of Orizaba with a population of more than 117 thousand people and the valley below.

North American relief can be divided into several types: in the central and northern parts you can admire the delightful plains, ...

7. Elbrus, Russia (5642 m)

Most high mountain in the territory modern Russia is the Caucasian stratovolcano Elbrus. Its slopes are covered with glaciers, the melt water from which feeds largest rivers Stavropol Territory and the Caucasus - Malku, Kuban and Baksan. These places are very well populated, the transport infrastructure is developed here, so the surroundings of Elbrus are very popular among supporters various types active rest(tourists, climbers, skiers). True, even scientists themselves cannot firmly say whether Elbrus is an extinct or still active volcano. Perhaps he will someday wake up from long hibernation, or maybe a new volcano will grow somewhere nearby.
The fact that life still glimmers in the depths of Elbrus is evidenced by the fact that in its vicinity there are many thermal springs, the most famous of them is Jila-Su, in which the water has a temperature of +24 degrees. If hot water constantly bursting from underground - this means that deep in the depths of the volcanic processes continue. In addition, people measured the soil temperature at an altitude of 5621 m (almost at the top), and it turned out to be +21 degrees, while the surrounding air was -20 degrees. That's why green moss grows in some areas here. This is also clear evidence of weak volcanic activity. A number of scientists suggest that in a few hundred, and perhaps thousands of years, Elbrus will wake up again.

8. Popocatepetl, Mexico (5426 m)

This is an active Mexican volcano, whose name is formed by two words from the Nahuatl language: “popoka” means “smoking”, and “tepetl” means “hill”. This is one of the most active Mexican volcanoes. After the beginning of the Spanish colonization of Mexico, it produced over 20 powerful eruptions. Many of its glaciers did not survive until the beginning of the new millennium; instead, in some places there were layers of ice that lava had not yet reached. This even changed me local climate. The volcano began to erupt especially often after 1994, and its last eruption occurred in 2015. A powerful eruption occurred in 2005, when volcanic bombs rose 3 kilometers into the air. In May 2013 there was also a strong eruption, then debris flew 700 m from the crater.

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9. Sangay, Ecuador (5230 m)

This active stratovolcano is located in South America, on the eastern slopes of the Andes in Ecuador. According to scientists, it appeared only 14 thousand years ago. Its first eruption was recorded in 1628, and the last one occurred quite recently - in 2016. After 1934, the volcano began to erupt especially frequently. Its name can be translated as “frightening” or “frightening.” At the top of the volcano there are three craters with diameters of 50-100 meters. Moreover, they are all active.

10. Tolima, Colombia (5215 m)

The Tolima stratovolcano is located in the Colombian department of the same name and is surrounded by national park Los Nevados. This is also a fairly young volcano, about 40 thousand years old. A funnel-shaped crater with a depth of 200-300 m appeared in it quite recently - around 1926. During the Holocene era, this volcano experienced explosive eruptions that varied in power: there were both moderate and Plinian ones. The largest eruption occurred here about 3600 years ago. As for the two last centuries, then only small volcanic explosions were recorded. Over the past decades appearance The volcano mainly changes due to the movement of glaciers along its slopes. This, in turn, is accompanied by noticeable seismicity and surface activity.

Active and extinct volcanoes have always attracted people. People settled on volcanic slopes to engage in agriculture, because volcanic soil is very fertile.

Today, the majestic geological formations attract crowds of tourists who want to admire their beauty.

Those thirsty for extreme sports are not stopped even by the most dangerous natural objects– active volcanoes.

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List of active volcanoes in the world

Today we will look at where there are active volcanoes in the world. Most of them are located along the coast. This zone is called the Pacific Ring of Fire. Second in volcanic activity zone – Mediterranean belt.

There are about 900 active volcanoes on land

About 60 geological formations on earth explode every year. Let's look at the most dangerous ones that are active, as well as a few impressive ones that are dormant.

Merapi, Indonesia

Merapi is the most impressive, nicknamed "Mountain of Fire". It is located on the island. Java, reaches a height of 2914 m. Large-scale emissions occur every 7 years, and small ones twice a year. Smoke is constantly coming out of its crater. One of the most significant tragedies associated with the activity occurred in 1006. Then a fierce disaster destroyed the Javanese-Indian state of Mataram.

In 1673, another powerful eruption erupted, as a result of which the towns and villages located at the foot were destroyed. In 1930, volcanic eruptions killed 1,300 people.

The last Merapi eruption occurred in 2010, when the evacuation of 350 thousand people was required. Some of them decided to return and died in the lava flow. 353 people were injured then.

In that last disaster, Fire Mountain ejected a mixture of ash and gas at a speed of 100 km/h, with temperatures reaching 1000°C.

Sakurajima, Japan

Sakurajima is located on the island. Kyushu. The mountain once stood separately, but during one of the eruptions it joined the Osumi Peninsula with the help of lava. It rises to a height of 1117 m. It consists of three peaks, the highest of which is the northern one.

The activity of Sakurajima increases every year, and until 1946 there were only 6 emissions. It has been erupting continuously since 1955.

Note: one of major disasters occurred in 1914, when the disaster claimed the lives of 35 people. In 2013, 1097 minor emissions were recorded, and in 2014 - 471.

Aso, Japan

Aso is another volcanic giant of the island. Kyushu. Its height is 1592 m. It is a caldera, in the middle of which there are 17 cones. The most active of them is Nakadake.

Aso last erupted lava in 2011. Since then, about 2,500 tremors have occurred here. In 2016, the ejection process was accompanied by an earthquake.

It is worth noting: Despite the danger associated with the extreme activity of Aso, about 50 thousand people live in the caldera, and the crater itself has become a popular destination for active tourism. In winter, people ski on the slopes of Aso.

Nyiragongo, Republic of Congo

Nyiragongo belongs to the Virunga mountain system and is the most active in Africa. The height is 3470 m. In its crater there is a huge seething lava lake, the largest in the world. During an eruption, lava flows out almost completely, destroying everything around it in a matter of hours. After that, it fills the crater again. Due to the military situation in the Republic of Congo, the crater has not yet been sufficiently explored.

Since the end of the 19th century alone, 34 eruptions of the formidable Nyiragongo have been recorded. Its lava is very liquid because it does not contain enough silicates. For this reason, it spreads quickly, reaching speeds of 100 km/h. This feature makes Nyiragongo one of the most dangerous on the planet. In 1977, a huge mass of lava hit a nearby town. The cause was a rupture in the crater wall. The disaster claimed the lives of several hundred people.

In 2002, another large-scale eruption occurred, then 400 thousand people were evacuated, 147 of whom died. Despite the fact that this Nyiragongo is considered the most dangerous in the world, about half a million people live in nearby settlements.

Galeras, Colombia

It rises above the Colombian town of Pasto, with about 500 thousand inhabitants. Galeras reaches a height of 4276 m. last years Galeras is constantly active, spewing volcanic ash.

One of the largest eruptions was recorded in 1993. The disaster led to the death of 6 volcanologists and 3 tourists located in the crater. The disaster came unexpectedly, after a long calm.

One of the most recent eruptions occurred in August 2010. Colombian authorities periodically evacuate local residents as Galeras becomes active.

Colima, Mexico

Colima is located on the Pacific coast. Consists of 2 peaks, one of which is extinct. In 2016, Colima became active, releasing a column of ash.

The last time he reminded himself was January 19, 2017. At the time of the disaster, a cloud of ash and smoke rose 2 km.

Vesuvius, Italy

Vesuvius is the most famous volcanic giant of continental Europe. It is located in Italy, 15 km from.

Vesuvius has 3 cones. Strong eruptions alternate with periods of low-power activity. Releases huge amounts of ash and gases. In 79, Vesuvius shook all of Italy, destroying the cities of Pompeii and Stabia. They were covered with a thick layer of ash, reaching up to 8 m. The city of Herculaneum was flooded with mud flows, as the eruption was accompanied by mud rains.

In 1631, there was an eruption that claimed the lives of 4,000 people. It turned out to be weaker than in 79, but since then the slopes of Vesuvius have been inhabited large quantity people, which led to such victims. After this event, the volcano became lower by 168 m. The eruption of 1805 destroyed almost all of Naples and claimed the lives of 26 thousand people.

The last time Vesuvius erupted lava flows was in 1944, leveling the cities of San Sebastiano and Massa. The number of victims was 27 people. After this, the volcano subsided. To monitor his activities, a volcanological observatory was built here.

Etna, Italy

Etna is the highest volcano in Europe. It is located in the northern hemisphere in the east of Sicily. Its height changes after each eruption, now it is 3429 m above sea level.

Etna has, according to various estimates, 200-400 side craters. Every 3 months an eruption occurs from one of them. Quite often this leads to the destruction of villages located nearby.

Despite the dangers, Sicilians densely populate the slopes of Etna. A national park was even created here.

Popocatepetl, Mexico

The second highest peak in Mexico, its name means “smoking hill.” It is located 70 km from Mexico City. The height of the mountain is 5500 meters.

Over 500 years, Popocatepetl erupted lava over 15 times, the last time this happened in 2015.

Klyuchevskaya Sopka, Russia

This is the highest peak of Kamchatka. Its height varies between 4750-4850 m above sea level. The slopes are covered with side craters, of which there are more than 80.

Klyuchevskaya Sopka reminds itself every 3 years, each of its activities lasts several months and is sometimes accompanied by ashfalls. The most active year was 2016, when the volcano exploded 55 times.

The most destructive disaster was in 1938, when the activity of Klyuchevskaya Sopka lasted 13 months.

Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA

Mauna Loa can be found in the central part of the island of Hawaii. It rises 4169 m above sea level. Mauna Loa is of the Hawaiian type.

His characteristic feature- outpourings of lava that occur without explosions or ash emissions. Lava erupts through the central vent, cracks and fractures.

Cotopaxi, Ecuador

Cotopaxi belongs to the Andes mountain system. This is the second highest peak, rising to 5911 m.

The first eruption was recorded in 1534. The eruption had its most devastating consequences in 1768. Then the release of lava and sulfur was accompanied by an earthquake. The disaster destroyed the city of Latacunga and its surrounding area. The eruption was so strong that traces of it were found in the Amazon basin.

Iceland

There are about three dozen volcanoes on the island of Iceland. Among them, some have long been extinct, but there are also active ones.

This island is the only one in the world where so many geological formations are located. Icelandic territory is a real volcanic plateau.

Extinct and dormant volcanoes

Volcanoes that have lost activity are either extinct or dormant. They are safe to visit, which is why these sites are more popular among travelers. On the map, such geological formations are marked with black stars, in contrast to active ones, marked with red stars.

What is the difference between an extinct and dormant volcano? Extinct species have not been active for at least 1 million years. Presumably, their magma has already cooled and will not explode. True, volcanologists do not exclude the possibility that a new volcano may form in their place.

Aconcagua, Argentina

Aconcagua is the highest peak in the Andes. It rises to 6960.8 m. The mountain was formed at the junction of the Nazca and South American lithospheric plates. Today the slopes of the mountain are covered with glaciers.

Aconcagua is of interest to climbers as the highest peak South America, as well as the tallest extinct volcano.

Kilimanjaro, Africa

If someone is asked to name the highest mountain in Africa, then he will name the most famous mountain on the African continent. It consists of 3 peaks, the highest of which is Kibo (5,891.8 m).

Kilimanjaro is considered dormant, with only gases and sulfur escaping from its crater. It is expected to become active when the mountain collapses, leading to a large-scale eruption. Scientists consider the peak of Kibo to be the most formidable.

Yellowstone, USA

Yellowstone is located in the national park of the same name. The peak belongs to supervolcanoes, of which there are 20 on Earth. Yellowstone is extremely dangerous because it erupts with incredible strength, and can affect the planet's climate.

Yellowstone has erupted three times. The last eruption took place 640 thousand years ago, at which time the caldera depression was formed.

At this volcano, lava accumulates in a special reservoir, where it melts the surrounding rocks, becoming thicker. This reservoir is very close to the surface, which worries volcanologists.

The eruption is stopped by flows of water that cool the magma bubble and break out in the form of geysers. Since there is still a lot of energy left inside the bubble, it is expected to burst out in the near future.

The US authorities are taking all measures to prevent the eruption of Yellowstone, because it could claim the lives of 87 thousand people. One of the projects is the installation of a geothermal station, but this will require drilling wells, which could provoke a disaster not only in the country, but also on the entire planet.

Elbrus, Russia

The Caucasian peak today is attractive to climbers. Its height is 5621 m. It is a dormant formation in which volcanic processes occur. The last eruption supposedly took place 1.7 thousand years ago; 500 years ago it released a column of ash.

The activity of Elbrus is evidenced by geothermal springs located nearby. Scientists disagree on when to expect the next eruption, but what is certain is that it will lead to a mudslide.

Big and Small Ararat, Türkiye

Greater Ararat (5165 m) is located on the Armenian Highlands, 11 km from it is Little Ararat (3927 m).

The eruptions of Greater Ararat have always been accompanied by destruction. The last tragedy occurred in 1840 and was accompanied by a strong earthquake. Then 10,000 people died.

Kazbek, Georgia

Kazbek is located in Georgia. Locals call it Mkinvartsveri, which translates as “ice mountain.” The height of the giant is 5033.8 m.

Kazbek is not active today, but is classified as potentially dangerous. It last erupted in 650 BC.

The mountain has very steep slopes, and mudslides are possible.

Conclusion

Volcanoes are among the most attractive tourist sites. Today they are no longer so dangerous, since their activity can be predicted by volcanologists. Research is underway to harness the energy of geological formations for the benefit of humanity.

When trying to go to the top of a volcano, especially an active one, it is necessary to collect information about its condition and listen to the forecasts of seismologists, since tragic incidents among tourists occur frequently.

We bring to your attention interesting video about active volcanoes of the world:

The word “volcano” comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan. In ancient times, volcanoes were called the forges of this god. A volcanic eruption was a sign that the god Vulcan was forging a new weapon.

Today, more than 600 volcanoes are active - most of them are concentrated at the junction of plates - in Kamchatka, in Central America, Chile.
No matter how volcanoes attract the eye, it is necessary not to forget about the immediate danger posed by them. Settlements that are located near the volcano are always prepared for the fact that the eruption may be too strong, and the consequences are unpredictable.

Cotopaxi, Ecuador

Cotopaxi is a volcano located in the Andes. It is the highest active volcano in the world (5897 m) and the second highest peak in Ecuador. Cotopaxi is distinguished by a riot of greenery at its foot and graceful craters. It is also considered one of the most dangerous active volcanoes. There have been more than 50 eruptions since 1738. Its eruptions led to the destruction of the nearby city of Lakatunga. The volcano has been relatively inactive since 1904. This is what makes Cotopaxi the most popular among climbers, cyclists and tourists.

Popocatepetl, Mexico

Popocatepetl (also called Popo and Don Goyo) is an active volcano in Mexico. It reaches an altitude of 5426 m and is the second highest on top level in the country. Popocatepetl gets its name from the Nahuatl words “popōca” (smoke) and tepētl (“mountain”), which means “Smoking Mountain” and fully lives up to its name. Until the nineties, Popo was a favorite holiday destination - a snowboard center. In 1947, it began a new cycle of activity with a major eruption. Currently, scientists are carefully studying it. Residents of neighboring towns admire the snowy white Mount Popocatepetl for most of the year.

Etna in Sicily

Etna (meaning “mountain of fire” in Arabic) is the highest and most active volcano in Europe (3326 m). More than 200 of its eruptions have been recorded. Interestingly, Etna varies in height from eruption to eruption. For example, it is currently 21.6 m lower than in 1865. Approximately every 150 years, Etna destroys one of the neighboring villages, but despite this, the surrounding areas are densely populated. The fact is that volcanic ash makes the soil fertile. According to recent studies, the danger of a massive eruption of Etna is currently increasing. Due to its constant activity, Etna was chosen as the 'Volcano of the Decade' by the UN.

Fujiyama, Japan

Fuji is an active volcano and the most high peak Japan (3776 m). Its last eruption dates back to 1707 and 1708. Fuji is distinguished by its almost perfectly symmetrical cone, clearly visible from Tokyo in clear weather, which is one of the symbols of Japan.

Llaima, Chile

Llayma is the largest and most active volcano in Chile at 3125 m. The name “Llayma” from the Araucanian language (the language of the Mapuche Indians) means “bloody veins” - they are similar to the streams of hot lava flowing from the volcano. Major eruptions date back to 1994, 2008 and 2009. Eruptions in 2008 forced the evacuation of people from nearby settlements. The ash column of the eruption came to the east and reached Atlantic Ocean in 4 days.

Gunung Merapi, Indonesia

Gurung Merapi (i.e. Mountain of Fire) is an active conical volcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta province of Indonesia. Its height is 2914 m. Merapi is the most active volcano in Indonesia with regular major eruptions every 7 years, and minor ones every 2 years. One of the most destructive eruptions was recorded in 1673, when several cities and many villages at the foot of the volcano were destroyed. In the 19th century, 9 eruptions were recorded, in the first half of the 20th century - 13. Despite the peaceful phases of inactivity, smoke from the top can be observed almost every day. He always reminds residents of the danger.

Piton de la Fournaise, Mascarene Islands V Indian Ocean

Piton de la Fournaise is a shield of an active volcano on the Reunion Islands in the Indian Ocean at 2631 m in height. It is currently known as the most active volcano in the world. Since the 17th century, more than 150 volcanic eruptions have been recorded. One of its most recent eruptions lasted almost six months from August 2006 to January 2007. The next eruptions were observed in February 2007, September 2008, and the most recent from January 1 to January 12, 2010. Piton de la Fournaise can be reached via a paved road and this makes it popular among tourists.

Redoubt, Alaska

It is a stratovolcano with a crater located at an altitude of 2700 m. Its most active eruptions in the 20th century date back to 1902, 1966 and 1989. The last eruption in 2009 saw six explosions that sent a plume of ash more than 9 miles into the air. It was the largest volcanic eruption in almost 20 years.

Ruapehu, New Zealand

Ruapehu is an active volcano in New Zealand, with an altitude of 2797 m. It is considered one of the most active volcanoes in the world and the largest active volcano in New Zealand. Ruapehu gets its name from the Maori language, in which the word means “explosion abyss”. The last eruption dates back to September 25, 2007. Despite the fact that the eruption began, like all previous ones, suddenly, it is often visited by tourists.

Semeru, Java island

Seven most high mountain on the island of Java and the most active. The height of Semeru is 3676 m. In the crater of the volcano there is a lava lake. Since 1818, there have been about 55 eruptions (10 of which resulted in deaths). The volcano has been continuously active since 1967, spewing plumes of smoke, ash and pyroclastic material at 30-50 minute intervals. Semeru eruptions currently occur mainly in the southern crater of the volcano.

Interesting things on the web

The volcano map shows the most dangerous volcanoes on Earth, which are currently being closely monitored. The following is a description of them with a forecast of possible activity and its consequences. Additionally, volcanoes are marked with a red ring, the eruption of which could have catastrophic consequences for the entire world.

Vesuvius (Italy)

Its proximity to Naples (15 km) makes this volcano deadly for more than three million Italians. It begins its sad fame in the year 79, when the cities of Herculaneum, Stabiae and Pompeii were destroyed during an eruption. Eruptions alternate with fairly long periods of calm. During the XVII – XX centuries. Vesuvius erupted with a period of 30-60 years. The last eruption was recorded in 1944. Scientists are unanimous in the opinion that the “killer of Pompeii” will one day wake up; only the timing and strength of the eruption remain unclear. But this doesn’t seem to bother the frivolous Neapolitans at all.

Galeras (Colombia)

Located near the town of Pasto. The most active volcano in the region. Its activity began about 5 thousand years ago and does not subside to this day. Dangerous eruptions occurred in 2008, 2009, and 2010, and each time thousands of people living nearby had to be evacuated.

Galunggung (Indonesia)

Located on the western tip of the island of Java. Its eruptions are different high power. In 1822, it claimed the lives of 4,000 people, and in 1982 forced the country's authorities to evacuate about 35,000 residents. The last time it erupted was in 1990. It is included in the list of the most dangerous volcanoes on the planet.

Yellowstone Volcano (USA)

It is located in the state of Wyoming, and, fortunately, it is calm today. It has been active several times over the past 2 million years, and its last eruption was more than half a million years ago. The next eruption is expected no earlier than in several tens of thousands of years. This volcano is so huge that if it awakens, the United States will be almost completely destroyed, and the Earth will be covered for a long time with an impenetrable curtain of volcanic ash.

Katla (Iceland)

Located in the very south of Iceland. Over the last thousand years, it has erupted, according to various sources, from 14 to 16 times and caused significant melting of glaciers, leading to the flooding of nearby settlements. It is located near the Eyjafjallajökull volcano, which recently erupted and blocked air traffic in Europe. Experts believe that the eruption of the latter is the starting mechanism for the awakening of the Katla volcano, the destructive potential of which is much greater. The conclusions are also confirmed by the fact that in Lately in the depths of the volcano the level of magma rose noticeably. In this regard, an eruption is expected that will be many times more powerful than the Eyjafjallajökull eruption. If it happens, the consequences could be catastrophic for the entire planet - in addition to the formation of a huge cloud of volcanic ash, there will be melting of glaciers and extensive flooding.

Colima (Mexico)

Located in the state of Jalisco in western Mexico. Last major eruption accompanied by evacuation local population registered in 2005. In recent years, the activity of the Colima volcano has been increasing. It is also called the “Mexican Vesuvius”.

Koryakskaya Sopka (RF)

Located 35 km. North of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Powerful eruptions occurred before our era, as well as in 1895 and 1956. May pose a threat to the population of Kamchatka. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world and is under the close supervision of specialists.

Cumbre Vieija (Canary Islands)

Located on the island of Palma, part of Canary Islands. As a result of numerous volcanic eruptions, the coast of the island has undergone significant erosion. One of the slopes of Cumbre Vieiha is unstable and may collapse as a result powerful eruption or a series of small eruptions. A 500 billion ton rock falling into the ocean will create a tsunami that will destroy almost everything East Coast USA and will cause difficult to repair damage to the countries of the Caribbean. Fortunately, the volcano has not yet shown alarming activity, and the danger of a supertsunami is still hypothetical.

Mauna Loa (USA)

Located on the island of Hawaii. It is the largest volcano on the planet by volume (80,000 cubic kilometers). The nearby Kilaue volcano is considered one of the most beautiful volcanoes on the ground.

Merapi (Indonesia)

The largest active volcano in Indonesia and one of the youngest in Java. It erupts approximately twice a year, with a fairly violent eruption every seven years. It poses a great danger to nearby populated areas. In 1673 it destroyed several cities, in 1930 it caused the death of 1,300 people, in 1974-75. destroyed three villages.

Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia)

Located in the departments of Tolima and Caldas. The largest active volcano in the Andes. Remains active for about two million years. In 1985, its eruption caused the death of more than 20,000 people. The approaching eruption was announced in advance, but no one heeded the warning due to several false alarms the day before.

Niragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo)

Located in the Virunga Mountains on the border Democratic Republic Congo and Rwanda. The most active and dangerous volcano Africa. Although Niragongo is currently relatively calm, his awakening could be disastrous. Its potential is enormous, and in the event of an eruption, not only Africa, but also Europe and part of Asia may be under the shadow of volcanic ash for a long time.

Pinatubo (Philippines)

Located on the island of Luzon, almost 100 km. From Manila. Until 1991 it was considered extinct. Its awakening was unexpected and rapid - during the eruption in 1991, a US Air Force base was destroyed and about 1,000 people died. The main danger of this volcano is the large-scale release of volcanic ash. In a matter of days, the 1991 eruption released about 10 cubic kilometers into the atmosphere rocks. Then, for several months, the Earth's stratosphere was filled with sulfuric acid aerosol, which led to the formation of a giant ozone hole over Antarctica and a drop in temperature by 0.5 degrees Celsius.

Popocatepetl (Mexico)

Located near Mexico City. During the entire period of the presence of Europeans in America, it showed rather weak activity, but in recent years it has become more active. It poses a huge potential danger due to the proximity of a metropolis of twenty million.

Rainier (USA)

Located 85 kilometers southeast of the city of Seattle. The last eruption was a century and a half ago, but recently the volcano has become more active. If an eruption occurs, the lives of about 200,000 people will be at risk.

Sakurajima (Japan)

Located in Kagoshima Prefecture on the island (originally) Sakurajima. As a result of the 1914 eruption, the strait was filled with lava, and Sakurajima became a peninsula. Its location near the city of Kagoshima, with a population of almost a million, makes this volcano one of the most dangerous on the planet. Probably for the same reason it is called “eastern Vesuvius”. Monitoring it and predicting its activity is one of the main tasks of Japanese geologists.

Santa Maria (Guatemala)

Located near the city of Quetzaltenango. A young and large volcano, whose activity has been growing recently. Violent eruption happened in 1902 and caused the death of 6,000 people. The roar of the explosion was heard at a distance of 800 km.

Tambora (Indonesia)

Located on the island of Sumbawa. It is famous for the fact that its eruption in the spring of 1815 was the largest in the last several thousand years, both in terms of the number of erupted rocks and the number of victims. The eruption released 140 billion tons into the atmosphere. solids, and 10,000 people died immediately. Total the number of deaths eventually reached 100,000. In fact, this volcano destroyed the developed and ancient culture Tambora, which existed on the island. The ejected ash plunged an area of ​​more than 500 km into complete darkness for three days. from the eruption site. But the consequences extended much further. In Europe and America in 1816, extreme low temperature, and the snow melted only in the summer, which is why the year was called “the year without summer.” Naturally, this led to crop failures and numerous deaths from starvation throughout the world.

Ulawun (Papua New Guinea)

Located in the eastern part of the island of New Britain. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Papua New Guinea, one of the most frequently erupting, which is actually remarkable. It has been known as an active volcano since 1700. In 1937, during an eruption, the capital of the country, located more than 100 km away, was practically covered with ash.

Unzen (Japan)

Located on the Shimabara Peninsula in the southwestern part of Kyushu. Currently, it is weakly active and is considered the most dangerous due to its history. Its eruption in 1792 is one of the most destructive eruptions in the world. The tsunami generated by it, 23 m high, claimed the lives of about 15,000 people.

Etna (Italy)

Located on the eastern tip of the island of Sicily. The most active and highest volcano in Europe. It erupts small amounts of lava about four times a year and, on average, completely destroys one or more nearby settlements every century and a half. The danger is the tendency of local residents to settle close to Etna due to the extreme fertility of the soil formed as a result of constant eruptions. Numerous lovers of high yields risk one day suddenly dying.