Ermine has teeth capable of cutting the skin of the victim. Dimensions of the intestinal tract of animals. See what "ermine" is in other dictionaries
1) What gut is predominant in the intestinal tract of herbivorous animals?
2) Which carnivore has a length ratio intestinal tract
to the length of his body the greatest?
3) How can you explain that the intestinal tract of a lynx is much shorter than
in a domestic goat?
86. Quest №cec46a
Set sequence taxonomic units in the tiger classification, starting with the largest. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in your answer.
2) Feline
3) Animals
4) Chordates
5) Mammals
6) Panthers
87. Task №25D7EB
It is known that ermine- small predatory mammal with valuable fur, feeding on mouse-like rodents. Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
1) Is the object of fishing.
2) Has teeth capable of cutting the skin of the victim.
3) The body length of the male is 17-38 cm (females are about half as much), and the body weight is up to 260 g.
4) The color of the body and its dimensions make it possible to distinguish about 26 subspecies of the ermine.
5) Leads a predominantly solitary territorial way of life.
6) The ermine was the emblem of A. Bretonskaya and her daughter
K. French - the wife of Francis I, because images of ermine can be seen in the royal palaces of France.
88. Task №790A78
Establish a correspondence between the trait and the class of vertebrates for which it is characteristic. To do this, for each element of the first column, select a position from the second column. Enter the numbers of the selected answers in the table.
89. Task №34DCA5
In the table below, there is a relationship between the positions of the first and second columns.
What concept should be entered in place of the gap in this table?
1) muskrat
3) porcupine
4) desman
90. Task №5EDD1E
The figure shows the impression of Archeopteryx. He is a fossil transitional form between ancient
1) birds and mammals
2) reptiles and birds
3) reptiles and mammals
4) amphibians and birds
91. Task №A62DE7
Determine by appearance bird's beak, what it eats in its natural environment.
1) flying insects
2) juicy fruits
3) small mammals
92. Task №ECBA8A
It is known that hamster- a mammal of the rodent order, a resident of open spaces. Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answers.
1) The cub is born naked and blind, the female feeds him with milk for up to 1 month.
2) The body length of the animal reaches 34 cm, and the body weight is 400 g.
3) Leads a solitary lifestyle and forms a pair only during the breeding season.
4) Lives in the steppes, where it feeds on various perennial grasses and seeds.
Appearance
The ermine is a small animal of a typical mustelian appearance with long body on short legs long neck and triangular head with small rounded ears. The body length of the male is 17-38 cm (females are about half as long), the tail length is about 35% of the body length - 6-12 cm; body weight - from 70 to 260 g. Looks like a weasel, but somewhat larger in size.
The color of the fur is protective: in winter it is pure white, in summer it is two-colored - the upper body is brownish-red, the bottom is yellowish-white. Winter color is typical for areas where at least 40 days a year there is snow. The tip of the tail is black throughout the year. Geographical variability in winter fur quality, summer fur color, and body size makes it possible to distinguish about 26 ermine subspecies.
Spreading
Lives in arctic, subarctic and temperate zones Eurasia and North America. In Europe, it is found from Scandinavia to the Pyrenees and the Alps, except in Albania, Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey. In Asia, its range extends to the deserts of Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Northeast China, and northern Japan. AT North America found in Canada, on the islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, in Greenland and in the north of the USA (except for the Great Plains). On the territory of Russia, it is common in the European north and in Siberia.
Ermine
Lifestyle
Ermine is most numerous in the forest-steppe, taiga and tundra regions. Their choice of habitat is determined by the abundance of the main food - small rodents. As a rule, the ermine prefers to settle near water: along the banks and floodplains of rivers and streams, near forest lakes, along coastal meadows, thickets of shrubs and reeds. In depth forest areas comes rarely; in the forests it keeps old overgrown burnt areas and clearings, forest edges (especially near villages and arable lands); in dense forests he likes spruce and alder groves near the brooks. Common in copses, along steppe ravines and gullies. Avoids open spaces. Sometimes it settles near human habitation, in fields, gardens and forest parks, even on the outskirts of cities.
Leads a predominantly solitary territorial way of life. The boundaries of the individual site are marked with the secretion of the anal glands. Plot sizes vary from 10 to 20 ha; in males, it is usually twice as large as in females, and intersects with their areas. Males and females live separately and meet only during the mating season. In hungry and low-fed years, stoats leave their territories and move, sometimes over considerable distances. Sometimes migration causes and mass reproduction rodents in neighboring areas.
The ermine is active mainly in the twilight hours, sometimes it occurs during the day. In the choice of shelters, including broods, unpretentious. It can be found in the most unexpected places - for example, in haystacks, heaps of stones, in the ruins of abandoned buildings or in logs piled against the wall of a residential building. It also occupies tree hollows, often hiding in them during floods. Often the ermine occupies the burrows and nesting chambers of the rodents killed by it. The female lines her brood hole with the skins and hair of dead rodents, less often with dry grass. The ermine does not dig holes on its own. In winter, it does not have permanent shelters and uses random shelters - under stones, tree roots, logs. Rarely returns to the place of the day.
The stoat is a good swimmer and climber, but essentially it is a specialized ground predator. Mouse-like rodents predominate in its diet, but unlike its relative, the weasel, which feeds on small voles, the ermine preys on larger rodents - water voles, hamsters, chipmunks, haystacks, lemmings, etc., overtaking them in burrows and under snow. The size does not allow it to penetrate into the holes of smaller rodents. Females hunt in burrows more often than males. Of secondary importance in the stoat's diet are birds and their eggs, as well as fish and shrews. Even less often (with a lack of basic food), the ermine eats amphibians, lizards and insects. Able to attack animals larger than himself (grouse, hazel grouse, white partridge, hares and rabbits); in famine years, he even eats garbage or steals meat and fish from people. When food is plentiful, the stoat builds up stocks, exterminating more rodents than it can eat. It kills prey like a weasel - biting through the skull in the occipital region. Ermine tracks down rodents, focusing on the smell, insects - on the sound, fish - with the help of vision.
Ermine is a very mobile and dexterous animal. His movements are fast, but somewhat fussy. On hunting per day, it travels up to 15 km, in winter - an average of 3 km. On the snow it moves in jumps up to 50 cm long, pushing off the ground with both hind legs. It is an excellent swimmer and easily climbs trees. Pursued by the enemy, it often sits on a tree until the danger has passed. Usually silent, but in an excited state it chirps loudly, can chirp, hiss and even bark.
young stoat
The stoat is polygamous and breeds once a year. Sexual activity in males lasts 4 months, from mid-February to early June. Pregnancy in females with a long latent stage (8-9 months) - embryos do not develop until March. In total, it lasts 9-10 months, so the cubs appear in April - May of the next year. The number of cubs in litters ranges from 3 to 18, with an average of 4-9. Only the female takes care of them.
Newborns weigh 3-4 g with a body length of 32-51 mm, are born blind, toothless, with closed auditory canals and covered with sparse white hair. At 30-41 days they begin to see clearly, and at 2-3 months they are indistinguishable from adults in size. At the end of June - in July, they already get food on their own.
Females reach puberty very early, at 2-3 months, and males only at the age of 11-14 months. Young females (aged 60-70 days) can be productively covered by adult males, a unique case among mammals, contributing to the survival of the species. Average duration the life of an ermine is 1-2 years, the maximum is 7 years. The fertility and abundance of stoats fluctuate greatly, rising sharply during the years of abundance of rodents and falling catastrophically when they die out.
Significance for a person
The ermine is a common carnivore, but its numbers have now fallen sharply due to hunting, deterioration of food resources, destruction of habitats, etc.
Ermine is an object of trade (fur is used as a finishing fur). Useful in the destruction of mouse-like rodents. Was unsuccessfully introduced to New Zealand to control the rabbit population; here it multiplied and turned into a pest that destroys the young and eggs of native birds, in particular, kiwi.
Ermine in symbolism and heraldry
The ermine was also a symbol of the personified Touch (one of the five senses).
Ermine was the emblem ( impresa) Anna of Brittany and her daughter Claude of France - the wife of Francis I (-), therefore images of ermine can be seen in the royal palaces of France, for example, in Blois. The shield with ermines is depicted on the modern coat of arms and flag of Brittany, having switched to it from the banner of the Dukes of Brittany. There is a legend that one of the Dukes of Brittany Alain crooked beard(Alain Barbetorte), pursued by the Normans, was stopped by an overflowing river, muddy and muddy. At this time, the duke noticed an ermine running away from galloping horses and also stopped by the river. At the water's edge, the stoat turned sharply, preferring death to mud. Assessing the courage of the animal, Alain II shouted to his comrades-in-arms: “ Better death than a disgrace!”, and the enthusiastic Bretons turned to face the enemy.
Categories:
- Animals alphabetically
- Species out of danger
- Kunya
- Mammals of Eurasia
- Mammals of North America
- Animals described in 1758
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Synonyms:See what "ermine" is in other dictionaries:
ERMINE- Ermine, serf in the Ruchevsky region. 1495. Scribe. II, 383. Vasily Ermine, clerk of the King of Lithuania. 1507. Arch. Sat. I, 7. Ermine, boyar in Lithuania. 1520. Arch. Sat. VII, I. Ermine, clerk in Krakow. 1525. Yu. Z. A. I, 68. Ermine, serf in ... ... Biographical Dictionary
Ermine- Mustela erminea see also 3.4.3. Genus Ferrets Mustela Ermine Mustela erminea (some Caucasian animals do not turn white in the winter). It differs from the weasel and solongoy in all seasons by the black tip of the tail. The track is elongated, approximately ... ... Animals of Russia. Directory
Ancient Lithuanian family. Its ancestor, Gornostai Romanovich, was in 1487 93 the governor of Ovruch. Of his sons, Ivan (died in 1558) was the governor of Novogrudok and the treasurer of the Grand Duke of Lithuania, and Onikey was the royal marshal (1555) ... Biographical Dictionary
- (Mustela erminea), a mammal of the genus of weasels and ferrets of this family. marten. Length body 17 32 cm, tail 6.5 12 cm. Fur is brownish-red in summer, snow-white in winter; the tip of the tail is always black. Lives in Eurasia and North. America; in the USSR almost throughout the territory, ... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
Animal, fur Dictionary of Russian synonyms. ermine n., number of synonyms: 2 animal (10) fur (4 ... Synonym dictionary
Mammal of the weasel family. Body length up to 32 cm, tail up to 10 cm. In Eurasia and North. America. Destroys harmful rodents. The object of fur trade ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Ermine, ermine, husband. small furry predatory beast from the genus of ferrets, white, with a black tip of the tail. || The fur of this animal is very valuable. Dictionary Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
ERMINE, me, husband. Small predatory animal family marten with white (in winter time) with valuable fur and a black tip of the tail, as well as its fur. | adj. ermine, oh, oh. Ermine mantle (royal). Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu.… … Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
Ermine fur is not distinguished by high wear resistance and strength, while ermine is at the head of the hierarchical ladder in the world of furs. It has always been especially appreciated for its whiteness and softness. In addition, the ermine has always been known as a rarity - that is why it was endowed extraordinary properties. The amazing softness of ermine fur made the animal a symbol of one of the five senses - touch.
It is not suitable for everyday wear. And if a fur coat made from his fur is worn in conditions big city, then she will not “stretch” more than one season. 
The wear resistance of ermine fur is approximately the same as that of a squirrel or a hare. However, none of the numerous furs can surpass the ermine in whiteness and softness. Apparently, these qualities allowed him to take a special place among other furs. And this place has most likely 
symbolic rather than utilitarian. It is also worth noting that products from this fur are usually sewn on a thin lining and are not insulated with batting or padding polyester, therefore, despite the beauty, it is quite possible to freeze in such a fur coat in severe frost.
Cleanliness, along with pride, has long made this animal an exalted symbol for people of a noble family. His image was often used in the coats of arms of noble families with a motto that sounded something like this: "It is better to die than to be tarnished." It sounds quite chivalrous and in the spirit of medieval customs and traditions. Ermine fur trimming of clothes or headdresses of nobles, judges and masters symbolized moral or intellectual purity. Ermine fur on clothes is a sign of royal dignity, secular and religious nobility. Sometimes Christian holy virgins of noble birth, for example, Saint Ursula, were depicted in clothes made of ermine fur.
- a valuable fur-bearing animal of the weasel family.
Ermine is a small animal of typical mustelian appearance with a long body on short legs, a long neck and a triangular head with small rounded ears. There is a poorly developed swimming membrane between the fingers. The eyes are small and shiny, the mustache is long. The stoat has 34 small sharp teeth. The feet are densely pubescent below; in the winter fur, corns are not visible on them.
The body length of the male is 17-38 cm (females are about half as long), the tail length is about 35% of the body length - 6-12 cm; body weight - depends on the range and gender (90-350 g). Stoats living in the north are smaller than those living in Europe. Males are usually 50% heavier than females.
Usually silent, but in an excited state it chirps loudly, can chirp, hiss and even bark.
The color of the fur is protective: in winter it is pure white, in summer it is two-tone - the upper body is brownish-red, the bottom is yellowish-white. The tip of the tail is black throughout the year. Winter coloration is typical for areas where at least 40 days a year there is snow. Geographical variability in winter fur quality, summer fur color, and body size makes it possible to distinguish about 26 ermine subspecies.
The winter fur is thick, silky and close to the body. The tail is long (1/3 of the body length). The density of the coat remains constant in summer and winter, only the length and thickness of the hairs change. 
Ermine is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere - in the Arctic, subarctic and temperate zones of Eurasia and North America. In Europe, it is found from Scandinavia to the Pyrenees and the Alps, with the exception of Albania, Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey. In Asia, its range reaches the desert Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Northeast China and northern Japan. In North America, it is found in Canada, on the islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, in Greenland and in the north of the USA (except for the Great Plains). On the territory of Russia, it is common in the European north and in Siberia.
Was brought into New Zealand to control the rabbit population.
Ermine is most numerous in the forest-steppe, taiga and tundra regions, as well as in the mountains, in the Pamirs and in the Himalayas, rising to a height of 3.5-4 thousand meters. The choice of their habitat is determined by the abundance of the main food - small rodents. As a rule, the ermine prefers to settle near water: along the banks and floodplains of rivers and streams, near forest lakes, along coastal meadows, thickets of shrubs and reeds. It rarely enters the depths of forests; in the forests it keeps old overgrown burnt areas and clearings, forest edges (especially near villages and arable lands); in dense forests, he likes spruce and alder groves near the streams. Common in copses, along steppe ravines and gullies. In the mountainous areas of Siberia, it reaches the zone of loaches, settling among stony placers with colonies of pikas, as well as on alpine meadows where snow cover is low. In forest areas, ermine often lives near settlements or even within their borders - in stockyards and slaughterhouses, in warehouses and other buildings. 
Neither low temperatures, nor high snow does not interfere with the normal life of the ermine. It feels worse during spring floods, as well as during winter thaws, when the snow is strongly compacted and prevents the animal from hunting for small rodents.
It leads a predominantly solitary territorial way of life, lives quite sedentary, at least in winter, with a good supply of food. Individual territories in floodplains are usually extended along the banks, covering an area of 8-30 hectares; on terraces above the floodplains, their size increases to 50-100 hectares. On each territory, separate fattening areas are allocated, where the animal returns for hunting every 2-3 days and “passing”, where it does not stay for a long time. The network of individual territories, their boundaries are redrawn in the autumn-winter period, when the younger generation develops habitats, and some of the old individuals become victims of larger predators and hunters.
With a lack of food, the animals are rather weakly attached to certain territory, mostly roam. The change of habitats is most pronounced in low floodplains: with the onset of floods, stoats concentrate on low ridges or migrate to neighboring forests at a distance of several kilometers. In many places, they often spend the winter near the outskirts of settlements, where mouse-like rodents move in large numbers. In the mountains, predators make seasonal vertical movements, which are generally characteristic of mountain animals. 
The ermine, like other small mustelids, usually lives in the burrows of rodents eaten by them. The predator itself digs with great difficulty: one married couple, who lived in an aviary, where there was no suitable shelter, dug a hole in the ground only 15 centimeters long in a week. Ready-made ermine hole with several burrows, in some of them the owner arranges latrines; there are several latrines near the burrow. Less commonly, the ermine settles in heaps of hay or straw, hollow old stumps, under dead wood or in piles of stones, in settlements makes shelter in abandoned buildings. A spherical nest is made from dry grass and leaves, wool and scraps of skins of voles eaten by a predator, bird feathers.
Ermine is active mainly in the morning and evening twilight hours, when voles are most active.
Ermine is a very mobile and dexterous animal. His movements are fast, but somewhat fussy. Due to the pubescence of the paws, the animal easily moves through the snow with jumps up to 50 cm long, pushing off the ground with both hind legs; however, if it snows 
the cover is deep and soft, he prefers to “dive” into it and move in the snowy passages. On hunting per day, it travels up to 15 km, in winter - an average of 3 km. In winter, at temperatures below -30 °, he generally tries not to leave the shelter. In case of pursuit, it quickly climbs bushes and trees, sometimes up to 15 meters high. The stoat swims well, during the spring flood it can overcome water spaces up to a kilometer long. When protected or frightened, the animal releases a sharp-smelling secret of the prianal glands; the same odorous liquid, in addition to urine, marks an individual area. (ads3)
The stoat swims and climbs well, but is essentially a specialized land predator. Mouse-like rodents predominate in its diet, but unlike its cousin, the weasel, which feeds on small voles, the ermine preys on larger rodents - water vole, hamster, chipmunk, haystacks, lemmings, etc., overtaking them in burrows and under the snow. The size does not allow it to penetrate into the holes of smaller rodents. Females hunt in burrows more often than males. Birds and their eggs are of secondary importance in the ermine diet, and t 
also fish and shrews. Even less often (with a lack of basic food), the ermine eats amphibians, lizards and insects. Able to attack animals larger than himself (grouse, hazel grouse, white partridges, hares and rabbits); in famine years, he even eats garbage or steals meat and fish from people. When food is plentiful, the stoat builds up stocks, exterminating more rodents than it can eat. Prey kills like a weasel - biting through the skull in the occipital region. Ermine tracks down rodents, focusing on the smell, insects - on the sound, fish - with the help of vision.
The hunting path of the stoat is winding, with frequent returns and crossings of its own tracks. Often on a path that is no more than a kilometer in a straight line, he manages to wind paths 2-3 kilometers long. Only in areas where there is obviously no food, the predator passes without delays and dives into the snow. In a straight line, the animal also crosses vast open spaces fields, frozen lakes and rivers. In search of food, the animal, like a setter dog, scours the “shuttle” along the arable land, holding its tail up, its black tassel is in constant motion. Sometimes he stops and rises with a “column” on his hind legs - looks around. Diving into the snow, he reappears after 10-15 seconds and continues to draw whimsical loops on the snow-white surface.
With an abundance of food, the predatory reflex causes a hungry stoat to kill rodents much more than he can eat - up to 8-10 mice and voles per day. However, this reflex fades with saturation, so that in the following days, even if the prey does not decrease, the predator kills only 2-3 mice per day, which it eats almost entirely. Prey that is not eaten immediately, he often hides until the worst of times: sometimes up to 20-25 voles are found in his pantries. 
This small predator very brave; in a hopeless situation, he risks throwing himself even at a person. To natural enemies ermine include rufous and gray fox, martens, ilka, sable, American badger, predator birds; occasionally it is caught by ordinary cats. Many stoats die from infection with the parasitic nematode Skrjabingylus nasicola, which lives in the frontal sinuses; its carriers are obviously shrews.
The stoat is polygamous and breeds once a year. Sexual activity in males lasts 4 months, from mid-February to early June. Pregnancy in females with a long latent stage (8-9 months) - embryos do not develop until March. In total, it lasts 9-10 months, so that the cubs appear in April - May of the next year. cubs in a litter 5-8, but sometimes up to 18, on average 4-9. Only the female takes care of them.
Most often, the female stoat is a very caring mother. In the first days after the birth of offspring, she rarely leaves the nest, warming her cubs with her warmth, unable to maintain a constantly high body temperature. When it gets cold, the mother plugs the inlet with a piece of bedding or the carcass of a killed vole. On hot days, on the contrary, she sometimes takes her puppies out of the stuffy nest and lays them down on a cooler bed of grass and leaves. From the discovered brood nest, the ermine drags the cubs to another shelter: she grabs each child in turn, even if it is only half the size of the mother, by the scruff of the neck and skips to a new place, the cub curled up can only silently pound on bumps and snags. If a predator or a man approaches the hole with a brood, the female screeches furiously, jumps on him, protecting her offspring.
Newborns have a mass of 3-4 g with a body length of 32-51 mm, are born blind, toothless, with closed auditory canals and covered with sparse white hair, and spend the first days huddled together - the so-called children's "coupling reflex" appears, which contributes to the preservation heat. Cubs grow more slowly than other small mustelids: their eyes open only at the age of one month, and at the age of about 40 days they begin to respond with a voice (“chik”) to the appearance of a threat. As soon as they see the light, the cubs become mobile and aggressive, they try to eat meat with great eagerness, they mess with each other for a long time. They begin to leave the nest in the second month of life. At first, the mother prevents this in every possible way and, grabbing the cubs by the “mane” with her teeth, tries to drag them back. At this time, milk feeding stops. Family life lasts 3-4 months, the disintegration of broods and the beginning of the resettlement of young occur in the middle or end of summer. In areas where stoats are actively hunted, only a few of them live to the age of two, while in captivity the animals live 5-6 years. 
Females reach puberty very early, at 2-3 months, and males only at the age of 11-14 months. Young females (aged 60-70 days) can be productively covered by adult males, a unique case among mammals that contributes to the survival of the species.
Ermine belongs to the common predators. But because of the very valuable fur, its numbers have fallen dramatically. Winter white skin with a black tail is still in old times went to fur coats, hats, mantles of noble persons. This animal is of great benefit, destroying small rodent pests. So, in the 50s, a complete ban on ermine fishing was specifically introduced on Sakhalin in order to cope with excessively breeding voles.
Was unsuccessfully introduced to New Zealand to control the rabbit population; here it multiplied and turned into a pest that destroys the young and eggs of native birds, in particular, kiwi.
252. It is known that ermine- a small predatory mammal with valuable fur that feeds on mouse-like rodents. Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
1) Is the object of fishing.
2) Has teeth capable of cutting the skin of the victim.
3) The body length of the male is 17-38 cm (females are about half as much), and the body weight is up to 260 g.
4) The color of the body and its dimensions make it possible to distinguish about 26 subspecies of the ermine.
5) Leads a predominantly solitary territorial way of life.
6) The ermine was the emblem of A. Breton and her daughter K. French - the wife of Francis I, because the images of the ermine can be seen in the royal palaces of France.
253. Among the invertebrates, the type Mollusca is second only to the type
1) Arthropods
2) Roundworms
3) Chordates
4) Flatworms
254. What function of the above do earthworms perform?
1) damage the roots of plants
2) spread pathogens of plant diseases
3) promote the formation of humus
4) inhibit the development of soil bacteria
255. The presence of wet and bare skin in an earthworm is associated with the process
1) selection
3) irritability
4) breathing
256. Which of the following insects develop with complete metamorphosis?
1) Diptera
2) Orthoptera
3) Homoptera
4) Hemiptera
257. In which of the given types of invertebrates did a body cavity appear for the first time in the course of evolution?
1) in arthropods
2) in molluscs
3) in roundworms
4) in flatworms
258. Presented sheet
1) petiolate with mesh venation
2) sessile with arcuate venation
3) petiolate with parallel venation
4) sessile with mesh venation
259. The driving forces of evolution include
1) adaptation of organisms to the environment
2) variety of organisms
3) struggle for existence
4) the formation of new species
260. Study the graph of insect growth versus time (along the axis X pending time (days), and on the axis at is the length of the insect (in cm)).
Which of the proposed descriptions most accurately reflects the process of insect growth in the interval from 26 to 32 days?
During this period, the insect grows
1) smoothly, without visible jumps
2) very sharply throughout the whole time
3) jumps, the rest period is replaced by a sharp increase
4) at first sharply, and then the growth stops completely
261. Consider a photograph of a horse of the Orlov trotter breed. Select the characteristics corresponding to his (her) external structure, according to the following plan: head setting, head shape, back shape, location of the wrist of the forelimb, setting of the hind limbs. Use a ruler and pencil when doing your work.
BUT)Head position
B)Head shape (by profile)
|
If the profile line from the bridge of the nose to the nostrils is without concave lines |
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2. Wedge-shaped
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3. Brokeback
|
||
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If the profile line from the bridge of the nose to the nostrils with concave lines |
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5. Lamb
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6. Hook-nosed
|
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AT)back shape
|
1. Saddle soft back
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3. Carp back
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G)Position of the wrist of the forelimb (relative to the line connecting the middle of the elbow with the back of the hoof)
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1. Direct | ||
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E) Setting of the hind limbs (relative to the line connecting the extreme point of the posterior surface of the ischial and calcaneal tubercles)
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If the line passes or nearly passes through extreme point posterior surface of the fetlock |
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1. Direct
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2. Substituted
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3. Retired
|
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If the line does not pass through the extreme point of the back surface of the fetlock |
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4. Saber
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5. "Soft fetters"
|
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Write in the table the numbers of the selected answers under the corresponding letters.
262. Sugar in the preparation of fruit jam is used to
1) make the product inaccessible to bacteria
2) the product was even more delicious
3) it was easy to transport
4)The product was healthier
263. What animals have an internal skeleton?
1) Chordates
2) Arthropods
3) Shellfish
4) Annelids
1) sunflower
2) unicellular
4) plasmodium
5) fluke
6) multicellular
265. Which of the following statements is correct?
1) bacteria reproduce by meiosis
2) all bacteria are heterotrophs
3) bacteria adapt well to environmental conditions
4) some bacteria are eukaryotic organisms
266. Insert in the text "Class crustaceans" the missing terms from the proposed list. Write down the numbers of the selected answers in the text, and then enter the resulting sequence of numbers (in the text) into the table below.
CLASS CRUSTACEANS.
1) antenna
3) cephalothorax
4) suberin
6) arthropods
7) hermaphrodites
8) separate sexes
267. Higher plants include those that
1) live on land
2) propagate by seeds
3) have leaves and stems
4) tall trees
268. It is known that common pike- freshwater fish leading a predatory lifestyle. Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answers.
1) Pike usually lives in the coastal zone, in water thickets, in stagnant or slow-flowing waters.
2) You can cook a lot of delicious dishes from pike, for example, jellied pike is a very tasty dish, and boiled pike “holds its shape” well and does not fall into pieces.
3) The pike eats fish, chicks and large insects, and waits for its prey from an ambush.
4) Pike breeds in early spring.
5) The pike has a streamlined body shape, which reduces the resistance of water when it moves.
6) The body length of an adult animal is 1.5 m, and the weight is over 30 kg.
269. A terrarium with a turtle was taken out to a cool room. As a result, her metabolism
1) became more intense
2) dropped
3) remained unchanged
4) stopped
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271. What is the function of air sacs in birds?
4) reduce the density of the bird's body
272. Put in the correct order the processes of digestion that occur in most mammals after food enters the oral cavity. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in your answer.
1) absorption of amino acids into the blood
2) digestion of food in the intestines
3) grinding food with teeth and its change under the influence of saliva
4) the supply of nutrients to the cells of the body
5) the passage of food into the stomach and its digestion by gastric juice
273. It is known that king crab- one of the most large species crustaceans, an inhabitant of the Far Eastern seas. Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answers.
1) The crab breathes oxygen dissolved in water.
2) The muscles of the limbs of the crab are used for food.
3) Crabs are eaten by humans.
4) The body parts of the crab are the cephalothorax and abdomen.
5) Poaching significantly reduces the size of the crab population.
6) Males reach 23 cm in shell width, 1.5 m in leg span, and 7 kg in weight.
274. What is the function of air sacs in birds?
1) ensure the movement of blood through the vessels
2) promote the accumulation of oxygen in the body
3) help the orientation of the bird in flight
4) protect internal organs from overheating
275. Establish the sequence of complication of the organization of animals in the process of historical development organic world on the ground. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in your answer.
1) the appearance of the digestive system
2) the emergence of the circulatory system
3) the appearance of trachea and spiracles
4) development of unicellular heterotrophic organisms
5) the appearance in the body of two layers of cells
276. What features of the structure of ticks and spiders indicate their similarity?
1) a closed circulatory system and a pair of spiracles
2) three parts of the body: head, trunk and tail
3) four pairs of legs and simple eyes
4) three pairs of legs and one pair of antennae
277. The discovery by scientists of the lancelet made it possible to confirm the conclusion about
1) the existence of chordates, except for vertebrates
2) the unity of the structure of the organic world
3) variety of animals
4) the adaptation of animals to life in the aquatic environment
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280. Algae, unlike other plants,
1) have a cellular structure
2) Consist of a variety of fabrics
3) are small and live in water
4) consist of identical cells and do not have organs
281. It is known that bat- a flying mammal that leads a nocturnal lifestyle.
Using this information, select three statements from the list below that pertain to the description. data signs of this animal.
Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answers.
1) The wings are formed by a leathery membrane stretched between the front and hind limbs and the tail.
2) In winter they go into deep hibernation.
3) The female gives birth to one naked and blind cub, which she feeds with milk.
4) Bats live on Earth for almost 50 million years.
5) Oriented in space with the help of echolocation.
6) It is a natural reservoir of rabies and, according to WHO, Marburg and Ebola viruses, which are included in the group of especially dangerous infections.
282. Thanks to the activity of earthworms in ecosystems,
1) suppression of the development of soil organisms
2) damage to plant roots
3) the spread of plant pathogens
4)increasing soil fertility
1) digestive enzymes do not act on their integuments
2) in the environment where they live, there is usually no air
3) they have organs of attachment
4) they have no nutrients
284. What part of the body crayfish marked as A in the figure.
3) cephalothorax
285. Mushroom cells, unlike bacterial cells, have
1) decorated core
2) cytoplasm
3) plasma membrane
4) ribosomes
286. Evolutionary processes begin at the level
4) population
Similar tasks (8)
287. Representative of what type of kingdom Animals is shown in the picture?
1) Roundworms
2) Flatworms
3) Shellfish
4) Intestinal
288. Establish a sequence of systematic categories, taking into account their subordination, starting with the smallest. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in your answer.
1) Legumes
3) Red clover
4) Angiosperms
5) Dipartite
289. What features of the structure distinguish amphibians from fish? Choose three correct answers from six and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Respiratory organs are represented by lungs and skin
2) There is an inner and middle ear
3) The brain consists of five sections
4) There is a swim bladder
5) Three-chambered heart
6) One circle of blood circulation
290. Insects breathe
1) with the help of gills
2) through the entire surface of the body
3) with the help of lung bags
4) with the help of trachea
1) seeds ripen inside the fruit
2) there are vegetative organs
3) an embryo is formed in the seed
4 mature pollen is carried by the wind
292. Study the graph of the dependence of the growth of an organism on the duration of life (along the axis X the size of the organism is plotted in m, and along the axis at– time (years). Representatives of what group of organisms are characterized by such growth in ontogeny?
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1) animals
2) bacteria
4) plants
293. An increase in the thickness of a woody stem occurs due to the constant division and growth of cells
1) core
4)wood
294. What feature of the respiratory organs in birds is associated with flight?
1) elongated trachea
2) branching bronchi
3) air bags
4) large nostrils
295. The figure shows a feather of a bird. What is the letter on it marked ochin?
296. What organs protect birds from overheating during flight?
1) coccygeal gland
2) air bags
3) down and contour feathers
4) circulatory organs
297. Which sign among the listed distinguishes the majority of animals of the class Amphibians from Mammals?
1) closed circulatory system
2) external fertilization
3) sexual reproduction
4)Use for the habitat of the aquatic environment
298. Multicellular filamentous green alga spirogyra is an inhabitant
1)Top soil
2) flowing fresh water reservoirs
3) sushi, what distinguishes it from other algae
4) reservoirs with salt water
299. Bacteria belong to the kingdom
1) hay stick
2) penicillium
300. What is the structure of the mycelium penicilla?
1) branching threads of the mycelium are separated by partitions into separate cells, plastids are absent
2) branching threads of the mycelium are separated by partitions into separate cells, there are plastids
3) one strongly expanded cell with many nuclei, there are plastids
4) one strongly expanded cell with many nuclei, plastids are absent
301. Free-living protozoa die in boiled water, since there is very little
1) oxygen
3) sodium chloride
The ermine is a valuable fur-bearing animal. In the past, its snow-white fur with black-tipped tails was considered a symbol of purity and purity and was used to line royal and judicial robes.
In summer, brown-brown upperparts, white or yellowish underparts; in winter, the color is pure white (some Caucasian animals do not turn white in the winter). It differs from the weasel and solongoy in all seasons by the black tip of the tail. The trail is elongated, about 2.5*2 cm, the length of the jump is 30-40 cm.
It lives everywhere, except for some islands, the Amur Valley and Southern Primorye, in the same landscapes as the weasel. In the tundra and dry steppes it is rare and inhabits only thickets of shrubs and the banks of water bodies, and in the taiga and forest-steppe it is more common than weasel. There are especially many ermines on the Lower Ob. Extremely rare in the Caucasus. Sometimes it settles in taiga huts and settlements, but in big cities it is found only where there are especially many rats - in landfills, vegetable bases.
It feeds on rodents, less often on other small animals, carrion, and berries. On occasion, it follows the tracks of large predators, picking up the remains of prey. Larger than the weasel, the size does not allow it to penetrate the holes of small rodents, so the stoat preys on medium-sized species, primarily on water rat. Active mainly in the morning and evening. Gon in the summer, pregnancy with a latent stage - the embryo begins to develop only a few months after fertilization. Stoats have developed an amazing adaptation aimed at increasing the rate of reproduction. Newborn females, still blind and naked, already attract adult males and are often fertilized almost immediately after birth. As a result, they can bring offspring as early as next spring.
Ermine - valuable fur animal. In the past, its snow-white fur with black-tipped tails was considered a symbol of purity and purity and was used to line royal and judicial robes. There was a case in England in the 17th century when an accused, a furrier by profession, protested against a court decision on the grounds that the judge was wearing a robe of fake ermine. The verdict was declared invalid. Now the stoat is hunted mainly in the North, primarily in Yakutia. Unfortunately, its strength is different reasons decreased somewhat in recent decades, especially in central and southern regions. Ermine - main enemy water rat, a dangerous agricultural pest.