Danger of solid waste disposal. Landfills for waste disposal. Computer, electronic, optical, electrical equipment that has lost its consumer properties
Landfilling waste is, unfortunately, one of the most common methods. It is produced in areas specially designated for this purpose, landfills, and using a certain technology.
Separate landfills for solid waste - municipal solid waste and separate landfills for industrial and construction waste.
The standard landfill is a dug pit, but natural lowlands, ravines and quarries can also be used for these purposes.
They are located in relative proximity to populated areas, but far from residential areas and bodies of water.
Their area can vary from several tens to hundreds of hectares. The selected area should not be subject to flooding or be swampy.
Special materials and films are laid on the bottom of the boiler as a substrate, which will prevent the penetration of harmful substances into the soil layers and groundwater. In addition, such methods help prevent the excessive spread of rodents and insects in the area. A layer of sand is poured onto the substrate, and only after that does debris follow.
The imported waste is distributed evenly over the entire area with the help of other equipment. When the waste layer reaches several meters, it is covered with about a half-meter layer of soil, usually of any composition, easily accessible in the immediate vicinity. Next, the layer of soil is again alternated with a layer of waste, and until such a semblance of a layer cake rises to 40 meters (in accordance with European standards).
For a higher degree of waste compaction, in addition to bulldozers and.
When using a compactor, 2-4 times more waste can be placed in a landfill than when using a conventional crawler bulldozer. Compactors are often equipped with spiked rollers to crush debris.
After reaching the above height threshold, the landfill is closed for further use and reclamation is carried out. The burial is covered with soil, sand, a meter-long layer of soil is poured on top, and the resulting hill is gradually overgrown with grass and bushes.
Often entire mountains are made from garbage; they are compacted with special equipment. equipment, they are covered with soil, when shrinkage occurs (the garbage rots, the temperature inside such formations is high), then the territory is sometimes even equipped with ski resorts.
The main disadvantage of landfilling is that unsorted waste ends up in landfills. Along with household waste that easily decomposes naturally, there is also plastic, polyethylene and other achievements of the chemical industry that end up in the general pile. However, the period of their decomposition can take tens or hundreds of years. Moreover, landfills also end up hazardous waste, and completely different methods of disposal are provided for them.
Burial does not allow materials to be reused and also eliminates their recycling. In an ideal state of affairs, burial should be used only for rapidly degradable food waste, everything else is recycled or reused.
Opinion: the downside is insufficient control over landfills and widespread violation of waste disposal rules. The business is very profitable and often the owners and managers of such landfills bypass sanitary and other standards. Even on closed landfill Trucks with garbage are often allowed through, of course, for a fee.
Waste disposal is the isolation of household or industrial waste (most often radiation or toxic) by placing it in the mountainous depths of the Earth or the depths of the sea.
According to rough estimates, the so-called global stock of recycled material reaches 1200 billion tons, with more than a third of the total volume being solid waste.
An industry such as mining rocks, provides huge spaces in which waste can be disposed of. Mining companies process more than 30 billion tons annually hard rocks, of which only 60% goes to the tails, after primary processing ore. About 45-65% of solid waste is used to fill voids in developed quarries, sinkholes or formed cracks. 1% goes to filling the dug space. And more than 5% of the annual waste is buried in the abyss of the sea.
The area of land allocated for waste disposal has long been close to 1 million hectares.
Therefore, the use of mined-out mountain space for such purposes is a promising technology.
Landfills for storing solid waste and other hazard classes
In addition to the marine subsoil and mountainous spaces, the most common method in Russia is burial in special landfills, they are protected structures, the purpose of which is:
- placement of collected waste;
- site for the neutralization of hazardous (infectious and toxic) types of waste;
- temporary storage of non-recycled materials;
Each region of the country has its own landfill, the size and area of which depends on the number of industrial enterprises in the city and the population, as well as other economic indicators. It must be designed to accommodate the amount of waste the city generates annually. Excessively big sizes, this is not a rationally used area.
- belonging to hazard classes 1 – 4;
- inert;
although it is not always easy to draw a line between, for example, inert and dangerous, since the former, as a result of any changes in composition or decay process, can produce just the same dangerous elements, such as methane gas.
IN Russian Federation, certain standards apply, according to which waste disposal must be carried out at landfills that have the following facilities on their territory:
- A workshop for the initial processing or neutralization of waste materials in order to reduce their level of danger, as well as to reduce the volume of the object to be buried.
- A specially designated area, defined by regulations, for deep burial.
- A garage, with all the necessary vehicle units, for loading, transporting and delivering collected waste to the storage site.
Creating Polygons
When organizing sites where waste is buried, main role have:
- correct choice of territory for organizing the site;
- suitable area for building buildings;
- availability of all necessary engineering buildings and structures;
- a certain order for filling the site with waste;
- depth of pre-processed scrap;
- environmental monitoring, absence of large or rare populations of animals or birds nearby;
- control over gas formation, as well as the ability to collect and transport it if necessary;
- timely collection or removal of filtrate,
Also, do not forget that before burial it is required to track all types of activities in relation to them, starting with education.
Modern requirements for the preparation of such places require compliance with all sanitary and epidemiological requirements, according to which the site must be equipped with the following facilities:
- a base made of compacted material, the walls of which are combined from mineral and artificial materials;
- fairly wide passages;
- for collecting leaked water from treatment channels;
- for collecting and transporting methane gas released during waste disposal;
- structures for landscape cleanup of land using reclamation.
There are also underground types of burial places, these are:
- abandoned mines;
- wells;
- formed voids;
- old and no longer usable oil fields;
and other mined-out voids that are intended for disposal of radioactive, toxic and other types of such hazard class.
Did you know that in the Moscow region there is a landfill built according to European standards?
There is no way to get rid of it, so they should be equipped taking into account safety precautions and the impact on environment. Unfortunately, in our country it has happened that landfills were simply placed in large ravines, and later they were “mothballed” without complying with environmental requirements. Such objects still cause damage to the environment. Let's try to figure out how waste disposal should ideally take place.
So that garbage is stored on them - this is understandable. But at the same time, all solid household waste that gets there should not affect atmospheric air, soil, water. Landfills are required to prevent the excessive spread of insects and rodents. They are placed away from residential and recreational areas and reservoirs. Wetlands and flooded areas are not suitable for landfills.
The entire territory of the landfill can be considered as a collection of separate zones: roads along which garbage trucks move; economic zone; direct storage areas for solid waste; Let's not forget about power lines.
There is a training ground, what's next?
They develop a schedule for using the landfill, and during work they keep daily records of the amount of waste. There must be strict controls on the waste that is delivered to a regular landfill. Radioactive and toxic substances (if the landfill is not intended for this) should not end up in landfills (they must be recycled).
After the garbage trucks are unloaded, all the work falls on bulldozers and compactors (in large landfills all these processes occur simultaneously). Storing waste different ways: either by layering, when a layer of compacted debris alternates with a layer of soil, or from top to bottom - by the “pushing” method.
Once landfills reach a certain level, they are closed. But even here everything is not simple, you need to carry out a series complex work, including reclamation, when everything is covered with layers of sand, soil, and vegetation is planted.
What disrupts the burial process?
The problem is that, as noted earlier, sorted waste should end up in landfills, but in practice both chemical industry waste and valuable recyclables end up in landfills. Incoming waste control is purely nominal; in order to reduce volumes, part of the waste is burned, which releases harmful substances into the atmosphere.
It turns out that there are established standards, there are also developed storage and isolation of waste, but there is no effective mechanism for monitoring the implementation of all this - this is the essence of the problem disposal of solid waste in our country.
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Population growth and rising living standards, and with it the volume of consumption, inevitably lead to an increase in the amount of solid household waste. To avoid serious problems associated with improper storage of waste, it is necessary to create a solid waste landfill. Such a site, fully equipped and designed for waste collection and storage, becomes a household waste landfill.
Modern solid waste landfills are a complex of structures aimed not only at the burial, neutralization and disposal of solid waste, but also at protecting the environment and people.
The threat of household waste
Every year our country produces about 130 million cubic meters of household waste. Each cubic meter contains approximately 200 kilograms. Impressive numbers, right?
Of this entire mass, only 3 - 4% goes to storage and subsequently participates in recycling, while the rest of the garbage rots in landfills. Solid waste landfills are in no way prepared for the storage and disposal of solid household waste; most do not even have a license. They are in natural areas close to cities, and were formed a long time ago, when technology did not allow for safe storage of waste.
The composition of household waste sent to landfills is approximately as follows:
- Food waste.
- Faulty household items (electrical equipment, furniture, dishes).
- Construction garbage.
- All kinds of packaging, bags, films.
- Street trash.
All this mixture going to dangerous sites waste becomes a source of formation of a whole range of harmful substances. They pollute groundwater, poison the soil and atmosphere. When garbage accumulates and decomposes, a flammable gas, methane, is formed, and improper disposal of waste can cause a large-scale fire. Therefore it is necessary competent processing Solid waste.
Solid waste landfill
The goal is not only the correct storage of waste, but also the maximum use of all the properties of waste. Since the polygon solid waste concentrates impressive volumes of polluting components, it always poses a serious danger, being an object of potential pollution.
To minimize this danger, the project includes a number of protective structures, which are based on a whole job description on design and use from organizations. Their presence distinguishes a landfill from an ordinary landfill and gives it a number of positive qualities.
The landfill is not an ordinary landfill; its purpose is to protect the environment from decomposition products of solid household waste.
Therefore, for design there is the following instruction:
- Waste storage must be isolated to ensure absolute safety of people living nearby and workers at the enterprise.
- Conditions must ensure a balance of processes occurring in stored waste - the rate of gas release, volume growth and waste compaction are taken into account.
- The device is calculated taking into account the possibility of using the land after the site ceases operation.
Since each polygon is tailored to the specifics of the area, there is no standard design plan. It can be located either in a lowland (for example, in a ravine) or on a flat area. Today there are many organizations specializing in the development of projects for the recycling and disposal of solid household waste. They take into account all standards, even the slightest features area, completely eliminating the risk of contamination.
Construction of a solid waste landfill
The instructions from SNiP state that the most favorable location is an area whose base is clay and heavy loam. If such a place could not be found, then the requirements of SanPiN require the creation of a waterproof base. The design of the solid waste landfill is calculated taking into account the terrain.
The area of the territory is selected taking into account the service life of the site and the volume of stored waste. So, the average area can be from 50 to 300 hectares. In addition to the above conditions, SanPiN puts forward requirements regarding storage height. It should not exceed 60 meters from the base.
In total, there are two types of landfills where solid waste is buried; the classification depends on the volume of waste per square meter:
- Low load - no more than 2 - 6 t/m2 can be placed here
- High-load - from 10 to 20 t/m2
Garbage disposal is carried out using the card method. This technology makes it possible to carry out environmental actions step by step, without waiting for the end of the use period.
Requirements, handling and job descriptions for storage technology require the installation of water-resistant taps, the task of which is to protect groundwater from waste entering it. All activities are carried out mechanized.
Regulations and instructions from SanPiN establish the following standards and requirements for the composition of a landfill:
- The presence of the site itself, it must have an appropriate fence on which the waste is buried.
- A separate territory, the area of which will allow to accommodate the workshop where sorting will be carried out.
- Composting area is one of the methods of solid waste disposal.
- Administrative and economic area.
- Buildings and other structures to ensure environmental safety and life support.
- An area with a laboratory located on it, where a quick examination will be carried out (express laboratories).
SanPiN requirements also oblige the landfill area to be fenced off with a fence the height of which is at least 180 centimeters.
The solid waste storage area is the main structure that should occupy the main area. As a rule, each landfill is divided into separate sections, which are operated for 5 - 7 years.
Technologies used to sort waste
The equipment used for sorting solid waste must mandatory used at the landfill. This is evidenced by the instructions and regulations, which describe the basic requirements of SanPiN.
Such equipment includes the following components:
- a set of conveyors of both belt and plastic types
- briquettes for pressing
- rotary crushers
- shredders
Sorting can be carried out in the following equipment:
- Manual sorting chamber. The device can sort glass, plastic, and fabric. Manual sorting is an attribute of almost any solid waste processing work.
- Drum sieve. Such equipment is designed for screening small and heavy household waste.
- Air separator. Here, light debris is separated from heavy debris. Sorting is based on the difference in density of substances.
Each device has its own instructions for use.
The legislative framework
The design and further opening of any landfill where solid waste will be disposed is impossible without taking into account the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Accordingly, the design of the landfill should be based on the following:
- Requirements from SanPiN.
- Standards established by SNiP.
SNiP is a document with rules that describes the basic economic and legal standards relating to urban planning activities.
It is SNiP that sets the basic requirements for landfills:
- Placement order (this includes storage).
- Landfill design.
- Regulations on capacity calculations and engineering studies.
- Area diagram.
- Environmental protection.
- This document establishes job descriptions for the collection and disposal of household waste.
We can say that SNiP controls all the main points regarding the development of the landfill. Below are a few key points.
Rules for placing garbage
Instructions from SNiP allow the placement of landfills:
- In areas unsuitable for agricultural activities and not occupied by green spaces.
- In areas where it is possible to implement engineering solutions that prevent environmental pollution.
- In areas adjacent to urban areas, but not included in residential development.
Standards for creating a project
In order to obtain a license to permit the construction of a landfill, proper design is necessary. SanPiN and SNiP establish the sections of which the project should consist (from DNB A 2.2-3):
- Explanatory information.
- Technical section, which describes capacity calculation, land examination, personnel, area.
- Basic site plan.
- Sanitary and technical section.
- Estimate.
- Approximate level of impact on nature.
Environmental protection
The SNiP document contains regulations that describe the main measures to protect the environment and people:
- The entire perimeter should have a kind of fencing in the form of soil, the purpose of which is to isolate debris after the area is closed.
- A special monitoring complex must be built, including condition control water bodies(underground and aboveground), atmosphere, green spaces.
- The entire landfill must have a fence to prevent unauthorized people from entering the area.
Project development
As mentioned above, the design of landfills is based on the main idea - to minimize the possibility of risk to the environment. That is why it is better to entrust the development to specialists.
Although the territories allocated for the construction of landfills are very different, there are some standards related to the features of the relief, the passage groundwater, the value of the land and so on.
The solid waste site takes into account the following conditions:
- Topographic conditions. An area with moderately sloping terrain is considered ideal for a landfill, preferably with one slope. The most undesirable areas will be flat or, on the contrary, too sloping areas.
- Land value. The best option- lands intended for low-value farmland. Areas without forests or covered with forests of lower categories are allocated for landfills. It is prohibited to establish waste sites in areas where rare species trees and other plants.
- Water. The most favorable factor is the complete absence of water intakes on the river. The maximum water content of the watercourse is also positive side. This ensures that landfill waste can be received in the event of an emergency.
Construction
Solid waste landfills are being built in almost all countries of the world. Usually they are located at a sufficient distance from populated areas - the presence of a landfill near residential areas is unacceptable. Work on the construction of a solid waste landfill begins with the creation of a pit in the prepared area, which is equipped with special screens. These screens prevent waste decomposition products from penetrating into the soil. After this, all communications necessary for the operation are brought to the landfill and the planned structures are built.
Since each site project is unique, the cost may vary. Usually the following indicators are taken into account when calculating:
- Square.
- Type of territory: lowland, ravine, plain.
- Planned volumes of waste.
- Use of special equipment, protective materials.
In addition to these main points, there are a lot of small nuances that affect the cost. But whatever the results, the construction of the landfill has a double benefit. In addition to earning money from waste disposal, it provides the opportunity to recycle waste and obtain very valuable raw materials.
License to operate
Collection and disposal of household waste is a business like any other. In order to begin construction of a solid waste landfill, you will need a mandatory license. It is issued on the basis of Federal Law No. 99 of May 4, 2011 “On Licensing individual species activities." The license is issued by the Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources.
Work without a license
If there is no license, then you should not start work. Otherwise, it threatens with administrative liability. The result of such liberties is usually a large fine.
Working with waste as a business is doubly dangerous, since there is always a threat of causing serious harm to the environment. If trouble does happen, woe betide the entrepreneur (if he does not have a license) will have to answer under article of the Criminal Code (No. 171 Illegal entrepreneurship).
A license must be obtained without fail, otherwise the risk is too great. Therefore, when taking on the serious mission of recycling waste, you should not behave irresponsibly.
Benefit
Extraction of landfill gas is one of the profitable areas in waste processing. The gas is formed due to the decomposition of debris under the soil layer. Up to 60% of it is methane. On average, one ton of decomposed garbage produces at least 100 - 200 cubic meters of gas. After purification, this gas is almost as good as natural gas; its collection can become a profitable business.
Naturally, the extraction of landfill gas is impossible without additional equipment and instruments, including a gas collection system, wells and much more. The stability of gas formation (after all, garbage will always appear), low cost of production and scale make it a very valuable source of energy.
Gas production is not the only prospect that the landfill offers. There are a number of processing technologies certain types waste - plastic, glass, paper, which results in raw materials ready for re-production. Garbage that cannot be recycled is disposed of.
Reclamation
Any landfill has a limited lifespan. When waste volumes reach the maximum levels possible under the project, the landfill ceases to function. But what about the large territories it occupies? The answer is simple: reclamation is necessary.
The process is quite labor-intensive, because despite all the protective measures, the landfill is a place where large volumes of dangerous and harmful compounds accumulate. The reclamation process depends on how the reclaimed land will be used. It begins after the completion of waste storage and its transition to a stable state.
Stages
Reclamation of the landfill occurs in two stages.
- The first stage is technical. It includes the development and transportation of materials to create a reclamation coating, and the construction of all necessary structures. Protective screens are being installed, Wastewater and filtrate with their subsequent processing and disposal, as well as gas collection.
- The second stage is biological. Its task is to restore the economic value of the land. A set of agrotechnical measures is carried out, the result of which is the readiness of the damaged soil for use.
In order to preserve the natural and ecological balance, which has already been quite shaken due to human activity, it is necessary to take the issue of storing household waste seriously.
Filtrate purification
Filtrate is a concentrated multicomponent solution of a wide chemical nature. Another name for leachate is highly mineralized wastewater.
In order to identify the exact substances included in the filtrate, a mandatory examination, however, there is a general list of substances:
- Biological substances that have undergone decomposition.
- Nitrogen in the form of ammonium.
- Salts in dissolved type.
- Various heavy metals.
SanPiN regulations state that the examination must be carried out for each landfill separately. Violation of this rule may result in a serious fine.
Scientists have identified the sources of filtrate formation. There are three of them:
- Atmospheric precipitation in contact with the surface of the landfill.
- Humidity of the waste itself.
- Moisture that is released from garbage as a result of the decay process.
To prevent the harmful effects of leachate on the environment, all household waste landfills are cleaned. The most common equipment used to clean the area from leachate is called “Reverse Osmosis”.
In addition to cleaning the filtrate using equipment, there are other methods:
- Biochemical, which is carried out after mechanical (filtration and further sedimentation) of the filtrate.
- Physico-chemical methods.
The test site is the best way to solve the problem today. Modern technologies allow you to design the site, ensuring maximum safety.
Every year in Moscow there is formed, different estimates, from 2.5 to 3.5 million tons of solid waste and approximately 6.1 million tons of industrial waste. About 10% of garbage and approximately 59% of industrial waste are recycled.
Most waste is sent to landfills. The area of each is from 50 to 60 hectares. The resource is depleted in 3-4 years.
210 landfills and landfills were registered in the Moscow Region, some of which are not in operation. 43 of them had official status, many were semi-official, but only two training grounds were built according to specially developed projects. In almost all cases, landfills arose spontaneously, without taking into account environmental requirements, in exhausted quarries.
In 2006 and 2007. Military training grounds: “Salaryevo” (Leninsky district); “Zhiroshkino” (Domodedovo district), “Pavlovskoye” (Istra district), “Kargashino” (Mytishchi district), “Sliznevo” (Naro-Fominsk district); "Shemyakino" (Khimki district) and the "Stanovoe" quarries (Ramensky district); "Annino" (Ruzsky district); “Toropovo” (Ramensky district) and “Lytkino” (Solnechnogorsk district), have exhausted their resource.
Garbage acceptance limits have also been limited at the largest landfills in the Moscow region, “Timokhovo” (Noginsky district), “Khmetyevo” (Solnechnogorsk district) and “Dmitrovsky” (Dmitrovsky district).
Currently, there are 37 solid waste disposal sites in the Moscow region, where about 7 million tons of waste are disposed of annually.
In addition, there are more than 1.5 thousand unauthorized landfills that are subject to liquidation. The largest ones, in most areas, are formed, as a rule, in exhausted quarries and ravines. They have a detrimental effect on the ecology of the Moscow Region.
It is prohibited to place landfills on the territory of MoscowMSW. Household waste and construction garbage from Moscow to burial sites located in the Moscow region.
Of the landfills receiving Moscow solid waste, only two are currently operating: “Khmetyevo” (Solnechnogorsk district) and “Dmitrovsky” (Dmitrovsky district).
Test site Khmetyevo
Solid waste landfill "Khmetyevo" is located in the Solnechnogorsk district of the Moscow region, 65 km from Moscow and occupies part of the developed Mansurovsky gravel and pebble quarry. Designed for disposal of household waste in Moscow, Solnechnogorsk and Solnechnogorsk region.
The total area of the landfill is 79.4 hectares, including: 53.23 hectares from the lands of the Solnechnogorsk experimental forestry enterprise, 20.4 hectares from reserve lands, 5.76 hectares from settlement lands). Currently West Side– 26.17 hectares is a closed part of the landfill where solid waste was buried in the period from 1980 to 1990. Old burial sites are covered with soil 1 m thick. The established limit for waste disposal is 1.1 million tons per year and contaminated soil is 295 thousand t per year.
Dmitrovsky training ground
Solid waste disposal site "Dmitrovsky" located in the Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region, 8 km from the village of Iksha and 0.8 km from the village of Dyakovo, in the exhausted Marfino-Dyakovsky quarry. The landfill is intended for the reception and disposal of solid waste according to altitude diagram to create an orderly landscape. It occupies an area of 63.5 hectares. The established limit for disposal is 1.1 million tons per year and 173 thousand tons per year for contaminated soils.
Timokhovo and Pavlovsky
Solid waste landfill "Timokhovo" located in the Noginsky district, 1 km south of the village of Timokhovo. It arose on the site of a clay quarry, served 22 (out of 32) districts of Moscow and for the period from 1977 to 1989. reached an area of 108.56 hectares.
Solid waste landfill "Pavlovsky» is located in the Istra district, a 40-minute drive from Moscow. It is located between the villages of Pavlovskoye, Sannikovo, Manikino and Ivanovskoye, just 500 m from the Istra River (in its sanitary protection zone). Area 14.65 hectares.
Dolgoprudny and Salaryevo
Solid waste landfill "Dolgoprudny" located in the industrial and communal zone of Dolgoprudny. From the north and west it borders on the territory of the cemetery, from the south there are city wastewater treatment plants and the river. Businka, from the west at a distance of 1 km - the canal named after. Moscow, from the east - the lands of the Khlebnikovsky forestry enterprise. The residential building closest to the site is the village. Likhachevo, located 900 m to the southwest. Area 13.89 hectares.
Landfill for solid household and industrial waste "Salaryevo" located in the Leninsky district of the Moscow region near the village of Salaryevo, 3 km southwest of Moscow. In operation since 1993. Closed for garbage collection in April 2007. The area within the boundaries of the land allocation is 59 hectares. The territory where waste was directly received and stored occupies 57 hectares. Recultivated.
Shcherbinka, Sosenki and Levoberezhny
Solid waste landfill "Shcherbinka" located in the Domodedovo district of the Moscow region, 3 km east of the city of Podolsk. Area – 123.45 hectares. It arose spontaneously in the 1950s on the site of exhausted sand quarries located 400-600 m from the right bank of the Pakhra River. Screening of the base was not carried out before the start of operation. Along with municipal solid waste, radioactive waste (spent loparite concentrate) from the Podolsk Chemical and Metallurgical Plant was stored at the facility. It was closed in 1988.
Solid waste landfill "Pines" located in the Leninsky district of the Moscow region, 7 km from Moscow along the Kaluga highway. Nearest locality– village Makarovo. The Sosenka River flows in close proximity (50 m) to the northwestern border. The river valley rings “Sosenki” with solid waste from the north, west and south. Closed for use since 1978, its surface is partially isolated by soil. Total area – 40 hectares.
Polygon "Levoberezhny", is located 750 m northeast of the residential microdistrict “Levoberezhny” (Khimki). It is located on the site of a former clay quarry and is intended for the disposal of household and industrial waste of hazard class IV in the city of Khimki, Khimki and Krasnogorsk districts. Area 26.5 hectares. The established limit for waste disposal is 100 thousand tons per year and contaminated soil 50 thousand tons per year.
Aleksinsky, Kuchino, Torbeevo and Kargashino
Solid waste landfill "Aleksinsky quarry", located 2.5 km from the outskirts of the city of Klin, located on the territory of a mined-out part of a sand quarry. Designed for the disposal of household and industrial waste of IV hazard class in the city of Klin and the Klin region. Area 20.0 hectares. The established limit for landfills is 152 thousand tons per year and contaminated soil is 37 thousand tons per year.
Solid waste landfill "Kuchino" is located in the Balashikha district near the village of Saltykovka, not far from the city of Zheleznodorozhny. Located in worked out clay quarries. Founded in 1971. Area 59 hectares. The established limit is 100 thousand tons per year and contaminated soils 90 thousand tons per year.
Solid waste landfill "Torbeevo" is located in the Lyubertsy district, 1 km from the village of Torbeevo, approximately 25 km from the Moscow Ring Road along the Novoryazanskoe highway. Area 12.8 hectares. The established limit for waste disposal is 248 thousand tons per year and contaminated soil 162 thousand tons per year.
Solid waste landfill "Kargashino" located in Mytishchi district. Area 11.14 hectares.
The material was prepared based on information eco.ria.ru