Polish, Chinese, Navajo or Hungarian? What is the most difficult language in the world? The most difficult languages
Are you wondering which language is the most difficult? Linguists believe that a clear answer to this question has not yet been found.
It all depends on three key criteria:
- 1. Native language learning foreign languages are as complex as they differ from their native one.
- 2. Qualification An experienced linguist can cope with any language much easier than a person who has nothing to do with linguistics.
- 3. Language environment - language environment learn much faster than outside it. Therefore, the best way to learn a language is to regularly communicate with native speakers. Well, the most effective method is to learn a language while living in a country where it is widely used.
Native speakers of Russian usually have a very difficult time mastering languages that do not belong to the Indo-European language. language family: Uralic (Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian), Turkic (Yakut, Turkish, Uzbek), Dravidian (Tamil, Telugu), Afroasiatic (Hebrew, Arabic, Somalia). Languages represent the highest degree of complexity North Caucasus(Chechen, Kabardian, Abkhazian), languages South-East Asia(Thai, Chinese, Khmer), languages of “Black” Africa (Zulu, Swahili, Wolof), languages of Oceania (Maori, Hawaiian), languages of the American Indians (Quechua, Cherokee, Mayan).
The most difficult common languages are Chinese, Korean, Japanese and Arabic. It has been proven that the human brain perceives Chinese and Arabic differently from other languages. For native speakers of these languages, both hemispheres are active when reading and writing, while for other people, only one hemisphere works in this situation. Therefore, learning these unique languages helps develop the brain.
Korean, Japanese and Chinese are difficult even for native speakers. In Japan, for example, school lasts 12 years and half of this time is spent on mathematics and Japanese. To pass the exams, a student must learn about 1850 hieroglyphs, and about 3000 to understand a newspaper article.
Rating of the most difficult languages in the world
In this list we have included common languages, as well as less common ones spoken only by small, isolated tribes.
Chinese
Writing is based on very ancient hieroglyphs. There are more than 85 thousand of them in total, but not all of them are actively used. Many of them are found only in ancient literature. Among them is the hieroglyph “se”, which means “chatty” and consists of 64 lines. But modern Chinese characters cannot be called simple. For example, the hieroglyph “nan” means “stuffy nose” and is represented by 36 lines. Chinese has practically no words in common with European languages. However, many people who have mastered and fallen in love with the Chinese language consider the characters not complex, but logical and incredibly beautiful.
Arab
Many letters have 4 different spellings. The present tense has as many as 13 forms. Another difficulty is dialects. In Egypt they speak a language that is as different from Moroccan and literary Arabic as Spanish is from French and Latin.
Japanese
There are as many as three writing systems. In addition, 2 syllabic alphabet are used: for borrowed words - katana, and for suffixes and grammatical particles hiragana.
Tuyuka
On this unusual language say the Indians in the Amazon. One word here can mean an entire phrase. Special verb endings give the listener information about how the speaker learned what he is talking about. That is, if you say “Mom cooked dinner,” you should add “I know it because I saw it.” As you can see, in the Amazon basin they are very sensitive to the reliability of the source of information.
Hungarian
It is included in the list of the most difficult languages in the world because it has 35 cases. Vowels are pronounced in a specific way - deep in the throat. Therefore, Hungarian is also difficult to pronounce.
Basque
It preserves very ancient concepts. For example, the word “ceiling” literally means “roof of a cave.” Suffixes and prefixes are used here to form new words. Not only the verb ending changes, but also the beginning. There are a lot of dialect options. Due to this, the Basque language dictionary contains about 500 thousand words.
Finnish
It has 15 cases, and there are more than a hundred conjugations and personal forms of the verb. Add to this the variety of suffixes, alternating consonants and mysterious aftersyllables - and the confused beginner begins to feel that he has taken on the most difficult language in the world. But there are also many pleasant aspects to learning Finnish: the stress falls only on the first syllable, words are written as they are heard, and there is no concept of gender at all.
Estonian
In this language there are as many as 12 cases, in addition, many words mean several different concepts.
Polish
In grammar there are even more exceptions than rules. There are only 7 cases, but it’s hard to figure them out. Usually people first learn to understand spoken Polish and only then delve into cases. Also, Poles practically do not understand those who speak their language with an accent. By the way, if some Polish word seems very familiar to you, be careful - most likely, it means something completely different from what you first thought.
And then there is Eskimo with its 63 present tense forms, Haida with 70 prefixes, Chippewa with 6,000 verb forms. They all challenge each other for the title of “the most difficult language in the world.”
In fact, any difficulty ratings are quite arbitrary. For example, English is considered relatively simple, but many people study it all their lives and still cannot boast of impressive results. There are cases when people easily mastered Chinese, but experienced difficulties with “easy” Spanish. They admire Chinese, which has no tenses or conjugations, but Spanish grammar causes them confusion. Experienced teachers say: it all depends on how passionate you are about learning a particular language. To master it, you will have to make it an important part of your life, get used to thinking in it and feeling it. If you are very interested, then any language will be within your grasp.
Many people ask which language is the hardest to learn. Well what can we say? Many languages are difficult. Below is a list of some of the hardest languages to learn. But you must remember that some language may be difficult for you for certain reasons. So after reading the article, you can make your own list of the most difficult languages to learn.
What is the most difficult language in the world?
Many people ask what is the hardest language to learn. Well what can we say? Many languages are difficult. Below is a list of some of the hardest languages to learn. But you must remember that some language may be difficult for you for certain reasons. So after reading the article, you can make your own ranking of the most difficult languages to learn.
Rating: 10 most difficult languages
Arabic, Chinese and Japanese are considered the most difficult languages according to the Institute of Foreign Service of the State. US Department. Finnish, Hungarian and Estonian are also among the most difficult because of the huge number of cases. Pronunciation in them is more difficult than even in Asian languages, since they have a set of long, mind-boggling consonants. But our list is not limited to these languages. Here's our list of ten candidate languages, with explanations of why each language made the list. Your personal list may differ from this.
1. Chinese. This language made the list for many reasons. For example, the hieroglyphs used in writing are very complex and ancient. Each word is indicated a separate character- and not phonetic, so it doesn't give you any the slightest idea about how the word is pronounced. The tonal system doesn't make life easier either, because Chinese has four tones. Here's another reason: Chinese has a huge number of homophones. For example, the word "shi" is associated with thirty different morphemes. Some people try to learn Chinese just because it is so different from other languages and so difficult.
2. Arabic. The first difficulty is in writing. Many letters have four different spellings, depending on their position in the word. Vowels are not included in the letter. Sounds are complex, but words are even more complex. English speaking student studying European language, comes across a lot of words that look familiar. But the same student studying Arabic will no longer encounter a single familiar word. The verb in Arabic usually comes before the predicate and object. The verb has three numbers, so nouns and verbs must be taught in singular, dual and plural. The present tense has 13 forms. The noun has three cases and two genders. Another problem is dialects. In Morocco, Arabic is as different from Arabic in Egypt and from literary Arabic as French is from Spanish and Latin.
3. Tuyuka- the language of the eastern Amazon. Its sound system is not overly complex: simple consonants and a few nasal vowels. But here is agglutination!!! For example, the word "hóabãsiriga" means "I don't know how to write." It has two words for “we”, inclusive and exclusive. The classes of nouns (gender) in the languages of the Tuyuca family number from 50 to 140. And the most surprising thing about this language is that you need to use special verb endings that make it clear how the speaker knows what he is talking about. For example, “Diga ape-wi” means “the boy played football (I know because I saw it).” In English we may or may not talk about it, but in Tuyuka these endings are obligatory. Such languages force their speakers to think carefully about how they learned what they are talking about.
4. Hungarian. Firstly, Hungarian has 35 cases or forms of nouns. This alone puts Hungarian on the list of the most difficult languages to learn. Hungarian has a lot of expressive idioms, a lot of suffixes. A large number of The vowels and the way they are pronounced (deep in the throat) make this language difficult to pronounce. You will need more effort to learn and maintain this language at a decent level than many other languages.
5. Japanese. It is difficult primarily because writing is different from pronunciation. That is, you cannot learn to speak this language by learning to read it - and vice versa. Moreover, there are three different writing systems. The Kanji system uses Chinese characters. Students must learn from 10 to 15 thousand hieroglyphs (cramming, no mnemonic techniques will help). Additionally, written Japanese uses two syllabaries: katakana for loanwords and hiragana for writing suffixes and grammatical particles. The State Department allocates Japanese students three times as much time as Spanish or French students.
6. Navajo. This amazing language also claims a place on the list of the most difficult languages. During World War II, the language was used as a code to send messages over the radio (radio operators were bilingual Navajo speakers). The advantage of this method was that information could be encrypted very quickly. The Japanese couldn't figure out this code. Navajo was chosen not only because it is very difficult, but also because there were no published dictionaries or grammars of this language, but there were native speakers of the language. This language does almost everything differently from English. For example, in English, in a verb, we highlight only the third person singular (in the present tense) with a suffix. And in Navajo, all persons are distinguished by prefixes in the verb.
7. Estonian. Estonian has a very strict case system. Case is a grammatical class that affects the behavior of words in a sentence. Estonian has 12 cases, which is twice as many as many cases. Slavic languages. In addition, there are many exceptions to the rules; many words can mean several different concepts.
8. Basque is also one of the top ten most difficult languages according to the British Foreign Office. It has 24 cases. It is impossible to associate British with any Indo-European language. It may be the oldest language in Europe. It belongs to agglutinative languages, that is, it uses suffixes, prefixes and infixes to form new words. It is a synthetic language rather than an analytical one. In other words, the language uses case endings. It changes not only the ending of the verb, but also the beginning. In addition to the usual moods of Indo-European languages, Basque has some other moods (for example, potential). In language a complex system marking the subject, direct and indirect object - all of which are part of the verb.
9. Polish. The language has 7 cases, and its grammar has more exceptions than rules. For example, German has 4 cases and they are all logical. Learning Polish cases will require more time and effort to learn (and discover) the logic and rules, and you may have to learn the entire language first. In addition, Poles rarely communicate with foreigners who speak their language, so you will have to be very careful about your pronunciation, otherwise you will not be understood.
10. Icelandic very difficult to learn due to its archaic vocabulary and complex grammar. It preserves all the ancient declensions of nouns and verb conjugations. Many Icelandic phonemes do not have exact equivalents in English. You can only learn them by listening to original recordings or talking to Icelanders.
But there is one more thing to remember. The more different a language is from your native one (in spelling, grammar...), the more difficult it will be for you to learn it. If there is no logic in the language, it will also seem more difficult (for example, in English, the plural is formed by adding -s or -es at the end. In Arabic, the plural usually needs to be remembered, and this takes time). One thing is for sure: no matter how difficult the language is, you will need the following: sufficient and appropriate resources, an understanding of what and how you are learning, and a thirst for knowledge!
Translation from mylanguages.org by Natalia Gavrilyasta.
Instructions
In terms of proximity, the most difficult language in the world can be called Basque, which does not belong to any language group. Basque has 24 cases and is considered the oldest in Europe. This language uses suffixes, infixes and prefixes to form new words. Here, case endings are used to indicate connections between words. Basque has a very complex system of marking subject, indirect and direct objects. Today, approximately 700,000 people speak and write Basque.
Scientists from the American Institute foreign languages created a kind of the most difficult languages to learn (for native English speakers). The most difficult languages for them were: Bengali, Burmese, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Finnish, Hebrew, Hungarian, Czech, Khmer, Lao, Nepali, Polish, Thai, Tamil, Vietnamese, Arabic, Chinese, Korean and Japanese languages.
In terms of writing, the most difficult languages are Chinese, Korean and Japanese. For example, the newest Chinese language, compiled in 1994, contains 85,568 characters. In Japan, children go to school for 12 years. To successfully pass the exam, a Japanese student must learn 1850 characters.
Russian is considered one of the most difficult languages in the world, but it will be quite accessible for a Serb, Pole or Ukrainian to learn, but for a Turk or Japanese, Russian will seem very difficult.
The number of languages spoken by the peoples of Dagestan cannot be accurately counted. The Tabasaran language was included in the Guinness Book of Records as containing the largest number of cases - from 44 to 52. The Tabasaran language has 54 and 10 parts of speech.
The Eskimo language also became a record holder. There are 63 present tense forms. Native speakers of the Eskimo language think very figuratively. For example, the word “Internet” is expressed by the unpronounceable term “ikiaqqivik,” which literally means “travel through layers.”
Israeli scientists conducted an interesting experiment among speakers of Hebrew, Arabic and English. The results turned out to be very interesting. Native speakers of Hebrew and English were able to easily read words using only one hemisphere of the brain independently of the other. Native speakers actively used both hemispheres of the brain simultaneously when reading. Scientists' conclusion: when reading Arabic writing, the work of the cognitive systems of the brain is activated. So, if you want to develop your mind, then learning Arabic can help you do this.
Video on the topic
note
Oddly enough, Chinese grammar is one of the simplest in the world.
Sources:
- Which language is the most difficult - the eternal battles of linguists
- 10 most difficult languages
Tip 2: Which language is the most difficult and which is the easiest to learn?
Studying foreign languages opens up new career prospects, gives you the opportunity to watch films and read books in the original, understand the meaning of songs, and simply trains your memory. However, not all languages are learned with equal ease - among them there are some that are very simple and those that are extremely difficult to learn.
One of the most difficult languages is Chinese. Each word is designated in it by a separate symbol, which, if you recognize it, you will still have no idea how to pronounce it. Another challenge is the huge number of homophones - words that are pronounced the same, but are spelled differently and mean different concepts. Tone system in Chinese also does not make things easier for the student. In addition to the general intonation of the sentence, each syllable is also pronounced with a different tonality, which determines the meaning of the word.
The Japanese language is not much inferior to Chinese in its complexity. Knowing the symbols also does not give an idea of their pronunciation. Japanese has three writing systems: kanji, which uses Chinese characters, hiragana, which is used to write grammatical particles and suffixes, and katakana, which represents loanwords.
It is estimated that students learning Japanese spend three times as much time studying as those learning English or French.
Arabic also poses a lot of difficulties. Vowels are not used when writing, but consonants have four spelling options depending on their position in the word. Nouns and verbs have to be studied in singular, dual and plural. The nouns themselves have three cases and two genders, and the verb in a sentence is placed before the predicate.
The dialects of Arabic are also of greater complexity, as they can vary as much as modern European languages differ from each other.
The easiest languages
Despite the fact that in English language there are a lot of nuances (for example, words are often read differently from how they are written, and a lot of verbs are conjugated incorrectly), and it has simple grammar. Besides, in Everyday life people often encounter English in songs, films, brands and products on supermarket shelves. Getting to know this language better will not be so difficult.
Spanish is also quite easy to learn. The pronunciation is very similar to English, however, unlike the language of the UK and the USA, in Spanish the spelling of words coincides with their pronunciation. The sentence structure in this language is also easy to learn.
For a Russian-speaking person, learning other languages of the Slavic group will not be very difficult, and the closer they are to their native language, the easier the learning will be. You can learn Ukrainian and Belarusian the fastest; Bulgarian and Czech are somewhat more difficult. Polish language is not considered simple - it has seven cases, and the grammar is replete with exceptions to the rules.
Many people ask which language is the hardest to learn. Well what can we say? Many languages are difficult. Below is a list of some of the hardest languages to learn. But you must remember that some language may be difficult for you for certain reasons. So after reading the article, you can make your own list of the most difficult languages to learn.
What is the most difficult language in the world?
Many people ask what is the hardest language to learn. Well what can we say? Many languages are difficult. Below is a list of some of the hardest languages to learn. But you must remember that some language may be difficult for you for certain reasons. So after reading the article, you can make your own ranking of the most difficult languages to learn.
Rating: 10 most difficult languages
Arabic, Chinese and Japanese are considered the most difficult languages according to the Institute of Foreign Service of the State. US Department. Finnish, Hungarian and Estonian are also among the most difficult languages due to the huge number of cases. Pronunciation in them is more difficult than even in Asian languages, since they have a set of long, mind-boggling consonants. But our list is not limited to these languages. Here's our list of ten candidate languages, with explanations of why each language made the list. Your personal list may differ from this.
1. Chinese. This language made the list for many reasons. For example, the hieroglyphs used in writing are very complex and ancient. Each word is represented by a different symbol - and not phonetically, so it doesn't give you any idea how to pronounce the word. The tonal system doesn't make life easier either, because Chinese has four tones. Here's another reason: Chinese has a huge number of homophones. For example, the word "shi" is associated with thirty different morphemes. Some people try to learn Chinese just because it is so different from other languages and so difficult.
2. Arabic. The first difficulty is in writing. Many letters have four different spellings, depending on their position in the word. Vowels are not included in the letter. Sounds are complex, but words are even more complex. An English-speaking student studying a European language encounters a lot of words that look familiar. But the same student studying Arabic will no longer encounter a single familiar word. The verb in Arabic usually comes before the predicate and object. The verb has three numbers, so nouns and verbs must be taught in singular, dual and plural. The present tense has 13 forms. The noun has three cases and two genders. Another problem is dialects. In Morocco, Arabic is as different from Arabic in Egypt and from literary Arabic as French is from Spanish and Latin.
3. Tuyuka- the language of the eastern Amazon. Its sound system is not overly complex: simple consonants and a few nasal vowels. But here is agglutination!!! For example, the word "hóabãsiriga" means "I don't know how to write." It has two words for “we”, inclusive and exclusive. The classes of nouns (gender) in the languages of the Tuyuca family number from 50 to 140. And the most surprising thing about this language is that you need to use special verb endings that make it clear how the speaker knows what he is talking about. For example, “Diga ape-wi” means “the boy played football (I know because I saw it).” In English we may or may not talk about it, but in Tuyuka these endings are obligatory. Such languages force their speakers to think carefully about how they learned what they are talking about.
4. Hungarian. Firstly, Hungarian has 35 cases or forms of nouns. This alone puts Hungarian on the list of the most difficult languages to learn. Hungarian has a lot of expressive idioms, a lot of suffixes. The large number of vowels and the way they are pronounced (deep in the throat) make this language difficult to pronounce. You will need more effort to learn and maintain this language at a decent level than many other languages.
5. Japanese. It is difficult primarily because writing is different from pronunciation. That is, you cannot learn to speak this language by learning to read it - and vice versa. Moreover, there are three different writing systems. The Kanji system uses Chinese characters. Students must learn from 10 to 15 thousand hieroglyphs (cramming, no mnemonic techniques will help). Additionally, written Japanese uses two syllabaries: katakana for loanwords and hiragana for writing suffixes and grammatical particles. The State Department allocates Japanese students three times as much time as Spanish or French students.
6. Navajo. This amazing language also claims a place on the list of the most difficult languages. During World War II, the language was used as a code to send messages over the radio (radio operators were bilingual Navajo speakers). The advantage of this method was that information could be encrypted very quickly. The Japanese couldn't figure out this code. Navajo was chosen not only because it is very difficult, but also because there were no published dictionaries or grammars of this language, but there were native speakers of the language. This language does almost everything differently from English. For example, in English, in a verb, we highlight only the third person singular (in the present tense) with a suffix. And in Navajo, all persons are distinguished by prefixes in the verb.
7. Estonian. Estonian has a very strict case system. Case is a grammatical class that affects the behavior of words in a sentence. Estonian has 12 cases, which is twice as many as many Slavic languages. In addition, there are many exceptions to the rules; many words can mean several different concepts.
8. Basque is also one of the top ten most difficult languages according to the British Foreign Office. It has 24 cases. It is impossible to associate British with any Indo-European language. It may be the oldest language in Europe. It belongs to agglutinative languages, that is, it uses suffixes, prefixes and infixes to form new words. It is a synthetic language rather than an analytical one. In other words, the language uses case endings to indicate connections between words. It changes not only the ending of the verb, but also the beginning. In addition to the usual moods of Indo-European languages, Basque has some other moods (for example, potential). The language has a complex system of marking the subject, direct and indirect objects - all of which are part of the verb.
9. Polish. The language has 7 cases, and its grammar has more exceptions than rules. For example, German has 4 cases and they are all logical. Learning Polish cases will require more time and effort to learn (and discover) the logic and rules, and you may have to learn the entire language first. In addition, Poles rarely communicate with foreigners who speak their language, so you will have to be very careful about your pronunciation, otherwise you will not be understood.
10. Icelandic very difficult to learn due to its archaic vocabulary and complex grammar. It preserves all the ancient declensions of nouns and verb conjugations. Many Icelandic phonemes do not have exact equivalents in English. You can only learn them by listening to original recordings or talking to Icelanders.
Learning new languages opens up a huge number of additional opportunities and prospects. Some languages are easier to learn, while others require some effort.
And there are those that only a very purposeful, patient and diligent person can master. Is that who you are? Well, then here are 25 languages that are ready to challenge you and test your nerves!
25. Tagalog
The Austronesian language Tagalog is spoken by about a quarter of the Filipino population. Due to complex grammatical rules and unconventional sentence structure, it is quite difficult to master.
24. Navajo
It is one of the Southern Athabaskan languages. Navajo is native to the southwestern United States. Between 120 and 170 thousand people speak it. Navajo has nothing in common with either Romano-Germanic or Latin languages. The lack of common ground makes it difficult to study. Navajo writing is typically written in the Latin alphabet.
23. Norwegian
The national language of Norway is one of the main ones in the Council Nordic countries. Norwegian belongs to the North Germanic group of languages and is mutually intelligible with Swedish, Danish and other Scandinavian dialects (such as Icelandic or Faroese, for example).
22. Persian
Refers to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is used mainly in Afghanistan and Iran, Tajikistan and other countries under Persian influence. In total, about 110 million people use it worldwide.
21. Indonesian
For many centuries, it has been considered the main business language throughout the entire Indonesian archipelago. Indonesian is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world.
20. Dutch
This West Germanic language is spoken by people in the Netherlands, Suriname and Belgium, some areas of Europe and the USA. Today, Dutch has official status in Curacao, Aruba, and Sint Maarten. The language is closely related to English and German, but Dutch does not use the umlauts of the latter as grammatical markers.
19. Slovenian
Belongs to the group of South Slavic languages. More than 2.5 million people around the world speak Slovenian. most of of which still lives in Slovenia. This language is one of 24 official working languages recognized throughout the European Union.
18. Afrikaans
Afrikaans is spoken by natives of Namibia. South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe. It is considered an offshoot of several different Dutch dialects. So Afrikaans can rightfully be considered a daughter of the Dutch language.
17. Danish
Official language of Denmark. More than 6 million people communicate on it. Danish belongs to the North Germanic group of languages and is descended from Old Norse. It is used by 15 - 20% of the population of Greenland. Danish is mutually intelligible with Swedish and Norwegian.
16. Basque
The language of the Basque Country, stretching from northeast Spain to southwest France. It is spoken by about 27% of the total population of the Basque territories.
15. Welsh
One of the branches of the Celtic languages, used in Wales. Welsh is also called Cambrian.
14. Urdu
Better known as Modern Standard Urdu, which is associated with the Muslim population of Hindustan. Urdu is the national language of Pakistan. It is mutually intelligible with traditional Hindi, with which it even has similar grammar.
13. Hebrew
Hebrew belongs to the group of Afro-Asian languages. It was first used by the ancient Jews and Israelites in the 10th century BC. e. Despite their advanced age, they still communicate in Yiddish. It is official in Israel.
12. Korean
Official language of Northern and South Korea. More than 80 million people communicate on it. It is not easy for an amateur to decipher the grammatical structure and understand all the rules for constructing sentences. Koreans, as a rule, do not have problems with this.
The main language of adherents of Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism. It is a dialect of the ancient Indo-Aryan language. Sanskrit is included in the list of 22 scheduled languages of India.
10. Croatian
One of official languages European Union. Croatian is derived from Serbo-Croatian and is based on the East Herzegovinian dialect, which is the basis for both Serbian and Bosnian.
9. Hungarian
One of the official languages of the European Union. It is used by members of Hungarian communities in Slovakia, Ukraine, Serbia, and Romania. Belongs to the family of Uralic languages.
8. Gaelic
Also known as Scottish Gaelic. It is a Celtic language spoken by many natives of Scotland.
7. Japanese
This East Asian language is the national language of Japan. It is used by more than 125 million people worldwide. Japanese is similar to Chinese in many ways and is considered one of the most difficult languages to learn.
6. Albanian
Indo-European language, in which residents of Kosovo, Bulgaria, and Macedonia communicate. Albanian has much in common with German and Greek, but at the same time lexicon its much more extensive and varied.
5. Icelandic
Belongs to the Indo-European group of languages. It developed under conditions of minimal contact with other languages and dialects.
4. Thai
Better known as Siamese. Belongs to the Thai-Canadian group of languages. Almost half of Thai vocabulary comes from Pali, ancient Khmer or Sanskrit. Thai has a complex written alphabet.
3. Vietnamese
Officially recognized in Vietnam. The Vietnamese language has borrowed a lot from Chinese.
2. Arabic
It is a descendant of the ancient Arabic language. Learning Arabic does not mean being able to communicate fluently with native speakers. The point is that in Arabic There are a lot of dialects, and they differ from each other almost as much as different languages! Because of this, it can be difficult for a person from Morocco, for example, to understand an interlocutor from Egypt, although they communicate in the same language.
1. Chinese
One fifth of the total population speaks it globe, although it is considered the most difficult language to learn.