The biggest characteristic of a person. Human character traits and their manifestation

“There are as many characters as there are people,” we often repeat. And this is true, no two people are identical, and even twins, so indistinguishable at first glance, turn out to be completely different people at second glance. People have different value systems, hobbies, principles and worldviews, and react differently to external stimuli. A person’s character determines his actions, which make up his life. MirSovetov invites you to explore together what character is made up of and whether it is possible to change it.

Scientists psychologists call character an individual combination of those personality traits that are manifested in a person’s actions and determine his attitude towards the environment.

Translated from Greek word“character” – Charakter – means “imprint”, “minting”. Already from the name itself it is clear that in all centuries character has been considered as a stable system of human personality traits, such a kind of internal core on which other properties are strung like rings.

Character is closely related to his abilities. To some extent, it is one of the constituent parts of the character, because... determines the form of manifestation of human reactions, the dynamics of his mental processes. The type of temperament cannot be changed, but a person with strong will can control and correct its negative traits. The concept of abilities is also included in the definition of character. For example, by developing the ability to work, we simultaneously develop diligence as a character trait.
Temperament types are usually inherited by a child from one of the parents. But temperament is only the basis for education various features character. For example, you can cultivate perseverance in both a choleric person and a phlegmatic person, but it will manifest itself in vigorous activity in one and methodical work in the other. Character is not an innate and unchangeable property; it is formed under the influence of life experience, upbringing, and the environment.

There is a branch of psychology devoted to the study of human character. It's called characterology. Characterology became a separate discipline not so long ago, but already in old times Attempts have been made to study and predict human character. For example, studying the influence of a person’s name on his character, selecting favorable combinations of first and middle names. Physiognomy is the study of the connection between a person’s appearance and his character. Even graphology, a science that establishes the connection between a person’s handwriting and his character, can also be considered one of the forerunners of characterology.

Character traits

In the character of every person one can distinguish general groups crap. Different scientists propose different divisions of character traits into groups. There are many classifications, from highly specialized to popular science. One of the most visual ways of dividing into groups is the B.M. system. Teplova.
In the first group, this scientist identified common character traits, those that are the mental basis of personality. These are qualities such as integrity, honesty, courage and, naturally, their antipodes: cowardice, insincerity.
The second group includes those character traits in which a person’s attitude towards other people is manifested. Those. sociability and isolation, kindness and hostility, attentiveness and indifference.
The third group of character traits consists of those traits that express a person’s attitude towards himself. It is this group that includes pride and conceit, vanity, arrogance and feeling self-esteem, adequate pride.
Fourth large group trait reflects a person’s attitude to work. Hard work and laziness, fear of difficulties and perseverance in overcoming them, activity and lack of initiative are included in this group.
In the typologies of character traits of other scientists, it is worth highlighting two very important groups of character traits, normal and abnormal. Normal traits include those traits that are inherent mentally healthy people, and abnormal - traits of people with mental illnesses.

It is interesting that the same character traits can apply to both normal and abnormal ones. The whole point is how much it is expressed in the character of a particular person. For example, suspicion can be absolutely healthy, but when it dominates, we can talk about paranoia.

Classification of human characters

Having dealt with the main distinguishable groups of character traits, it would be reasonable to move on to a typology of characters. But here in modern psychology there is no general classification. And how can one classify characters given the richness of compatibility of their traits? different people? However, such attempts have been made by scientists for a very long time.

For example, there is a division of characters according to their dominant volitional and emotional qualities. As a result, a strong-willed type of character is distinguished (effective, with a dominant will), an emotional type (guided by emotional background) and rational (sober-minded, based on the arguments of reason).

At one time, the German psychiatrist Kretschmer classified people according to their build and hypothesized that people of a certain constitution also have certain character traits.
Thus, asthenics, people of thin build, with thin bones and weak muscles, are characterized by weak emotionality, a love of philosophy and introspection, and a tendency to loneliness.
People of the athletic type (medium or tall height, wide chest, excellent muscles) are characterized by strong will, persistence and even stubbornness.
The third type of constitution is picnic, it is distinguished by average height, well-developed adipose tissue, weak muscles. People of this type are emotional and strive to enjoy life.
And although later this typology of characters was recognized as not one hundred percent correct, there is a grain of truth in it. People with a certain body structure are more likely to suffer from similar ones. The type of human constitution is innate, it is influenced by a genetic factor, which also causes some ailments. Which makes the hypothesis about general outline probable nature. MirSovetov will once again emphasize that we're talking about exclusively about some traits, and not about the entire character.

Character Formation

A person's character changes somewhat throughout his life. These changes most often occur unconsciously, but sometimes a person consciously changes some features. But the main, basic features are laid in early childhood and we can say with confidence that by the age of 5-6 the child already has his own own character. Already by the second year of life, the child demonstrates strong-willed character traits, and by the age of 3-4 years, business traits. Clear signs of communicative character traits appear by the age of 4-5, when the child begins to take an active part in group role-playing games.

During this age period, adults and the way parents treat the child have the strongest influence on the child’s character. If parents pay attention to the child, talk to him and are interested in his desires, then such a child is likely to develop trust in people, sociability and cheerfulness. Otherwise, traits such as isolation and closedness are likely to appear.

IN school years The formation of the child’s character continues, but in the lower grades the priority is the opinion of parents and teachers, and in the middle grades greater influence Peers influence character. In high school, the picture changes again: the opinion of adults again becomes more significant. But the influence of elders becomes more indirect, respect for a person as an individual and self-esteem young man. Also during this period, the media acquire a greater influence on a person’s character.
In the future, changes in character will result from events in personal life, meetings with bright, charismatic personalities, as well as under the influence of age-related changes. The most noticeable of the latter are changes in personality in older age. At the age of 50, a person finds himself at the junction of the past and the future. He no longer has the habit of making plans and living in the future, but it is still too early to indulge in memories. After 60 years begins new stage in a person’s life, when the past and present acquire extraordinary value. Character traits such as slowness and measuredness appear. Also, the character and the onset of health problems change somewhat.

How to change your character

As a rule, new character traits manifest themselves most quickly and fully in a person if they are similar to existing ones. After the age of thirty, dramatic changes in character occur extremely rarely. And yet it is never too late to change.
A person can always change character traits that he does not like. There are many methods for this, but they are all based on one thing: the desire to change must be internal and conscious.
A good helper in changing your character will be systems approach. Write down on a separate piece of paper the character traits that you want to get rid of. Next to each trait, write how it manifests itself. Knowing this, it will be easier for you to control yourself and prevent actions that are unpleasant to you. A person’s character takes a long time to develop; it is difficult to get rid of unpleasant traits; it requires painstaking and lengthy work. But this is not impossible, and literally the first week is especially difficult. When control over the manifestation of the “dark” side of your character becomes a habit, monitoring your behavior will become much easier. And very soon, what you didn’t like about your character will no longer complicate your life and communication with loved ones.

For example, your negative trait is anger. It manifests itself in the fact that, without listening to your interlocutor, you manage to be rude to him. You should start to control your actions: try to listen to your interlocutor to the end, count to five or ten before saying anything harsh.

Also good results in changing his character provides a role model. Having chosen a model (it can be either a real or a fictitious person), you begin to look up to him. And you ask yourself what he would do if he were in your place. By copying the desired behavior, you will also develop the correct ones and minimize the manifestations of negative character traits. Here MirSovetov will make only this remark: do not try to copy someone’s behavior exactly as it is, superficially. And it’s unlikely that you will succeed. You need to understand that you are individual in your own way, and therefore some trait will manifest itself with its own nuance that is unique to you.

For example, you want to be as firm in dealing with clients as your work colleague. This does not mean that you should copy his actions exactly. Those. If you see from the outside how your colleague calmly and confidently communicates with each of the clients, then, following him, it is somewhat wrong to put on a “mask of equanimity and confidence”, completely imitating his facial expressions and intonation. Or rather, this alone will not be enough. It’s better if you also try to figure out why he manages to be like this. Surely, your colleague is well versed in his subject, has a lot of knowledge, and this gives him confidence in the conversation. Perhaps he is more, filtering out personal, any unfounded claims and highlighting only truly problematic issues, thereby avoiding unnecessary disputes and conflicts. Those. you must sort out the character of the person who serves as a role model for you, and try to develop these qualities in yourself.

It doesn't matter what self-correction system you use. It is important that you sincerely want to change for the better, then nothing will be impossible for you. Remember that there is no limit to perfection, develop the best in yourself, and MirSovetov wishes you good luck in this!

Many people try to work on themselves throughout their lives, eliminating their bad qualities and developing good ones.

Let's look at the positive character traits of a person in the form of a list to make it more clear. what to work on.

What is character and what is it formed from?

Character- this is a set of stable mental traits of a personality that affect any of its activities and behavior.

It determines her attitude towards the world around her and other people, towards activities, towards herself.

9 qualities of a person to whom people are drawn:

Typical and individual

In character, individual and typical traits can be distinguished.

Individual traits are determined psychological properties the individual, his temperament, as well as his attitude to life that developed during his upbringing.

Typical Personality traits are determined primarily by the content of the era in which a person lives, as well as by his place of residence.

That is, the formation of these personality traits is influenced by the individual’s lifestyle.

What are the positive character traits?

Among women

The positive character traits inherent mainly in women and girls include the following:

In men

Positive character traits that apply specifically to men include the following:

Qualities of a real man:

In children

In the process of education and socialization are just beginning to acquire character traits.

Therefore, right now there is an opportunity to focus on positive qualities ah, such as:

1. Goodwill. This quality will help you build relationships with others, attract people to you, and will also be useful later in life.
2. Politeness. This quality will help the child communicate with both peers and adults.
3. Honesty. This quality must be instilled in a child from an early age so that he knows that lying and deceiving is bad.
4. Responsiveness. A very useful character trait. A responsive person is always attractive in the eyes of others.
5. Hard work. A child must be taught to work, otherwise he will grow up lazy and careless.
6. Accuracy. Sloppy people cause some rejection in society.
7. Bravery. A child should not be fearful. Therefore, instill in him courage, the ability to perform actions.
8. Responsibility. This quality will help him not to shift his affairs and problems onto other people, but to take them upon himself.

   It will help him both at school and later in life.

9. Determination. Determined people are able to achieve more in life; everything comes easier to them. Therefore, this quality is also positive for the child.

List for resume

This situation has probably happened to you when you came for an interview, received the applicant’s questionnaire, reached the “positive qualities” column and We didn’t know what to write here at all.

What qualities are worth highlighting?

To begin with, we note that the qualities must be useful for the position for which you are applying. And if you do not yet have experience in such work, then you should focus primarily on your prospects and potential.

It is difficult to create a universal list of positive character traits to create the perfect resume. We can only note the main qualities that employers most often pay attention to.

But you should choose them based on each specific company and position.

So, positive characteristics for a resume:

However, it should be noted that it is not enough to simply list these qualities, you should really have them.

Yes, some of them cannot be shown immediately, and they will open only during the work process.

But if you write about self-confidence, but in reality you are talking to an employer hesitant and shy, then this will further distance you from your desired position. There is no point in ascribing to yourself qualities that you do not actually possess.

The presence of positive character traits in a person has big influence on the quality of his life. That's why it's like that it is important to develop them in yourself.

What are the features of the hyperthymic type of character accentuation? Find out about this from ours.

Your weak and strengths for an interview:

Today we will continue to study the positive character traits of a person, by developing which we can become a harmonious person.

Let me remind you once again that you cannot neglect some character traits in favor of others, as this will only cause harm in the long run. In other words, it is necessary to polish all facets of character without exception, and then in every situation in life one or another trait will help us.

By developing only our “favorite” traits, we use a one-sided approach, avoiding working on ourselves and not using the entire arsenal of character traits that we have.

• Certainty

Set goals in life, no matter the difficulties. Make sure your goals are correct. Ignore distractions. Don't get discouraged if there are a lot of problems to solve.

• Hard work

Invest your time and energy to complete every task you set. Finish all your projects. Do the job right, not just. Follow the instructions. Concentrate completely on your work. Don't be lazy.

• Vigilance

Be aware of what is happening around you so that you can have a proper understanding. Keep your eyes and ears open. Recognize and heed warning signs. Tell others about the danger. Stay away from dangerous places yourself.

• Caution

Think before you act. Follow safety rules. Ask permission. Communicate at the right time.

• Endurance

Gain inner strength to withstand stress. Do your best. Don't be a "net". Don't waste your time, energy and talents on meaningless activities. Put your whole soul into what you do.

• Flexibility

Change plans or ideas if really necessary. Don't be upset when plans change. Respect your superiors' decisions. Don't be stubborn. Look for the good in change. Be flexible, but don't compromise on what's right.

• Generosity

Manage your resources wisely so that you can give freely to those in need. Share with others. Don't expect anything in return for your generosity. Give away your time and talents sometimes. Praise the good that you see in others.

• Tenderness

Take care of others. Show good manners. Reject violence as a solution to your problems. Find ways to ease other people's pain. Don't get angry or others. Be a peacemaker.

• Joy

Support yourself good attitude, even when you encounter unpleasant conditions. Try to look for the good in everything. Smile in the face of adversity. Don't be discouraged. Don't let your emotions control your mind. Take time out, laugh and sing every day.

• Discrimination

Understand more deeply the reasons why things happen. Ask questions. Don't judge hastily. Take lessons from own experience. Don't repeat the same mistakes. Look for the cause of the problem.

• Humility

Recognize that your success and results depend on the investment of others in your life. Praise your parents, teachers, teammates and coaches. I don't think more highly of myself than you should. Take responsibility for all your actions. Try again after each defeat. Give credit to those who made you.

• Gratitude

Let others know through your words and actions that you are grateful. Show your parents and teachers that you appreciate them. Say and write “thank you.” Take care of other people's things. Be content with what you have.

• Honor

Respect leaders and higher authorities authorities. Don't laugh at them. Be attentive to those who lead you. Show loyalty to your superiors. Tell only the truth. Obey not with compulsion, but cheerfully. Give up your seat to elders. Honor your country.

• Initiative

Recognize and do what needs to be done before you are asked to do it. Do something before you talk about it. Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today. Contribute to the success of the entire team. Be part of the solution, not the problem. Look for ways to help others.

• Hospitality

Use food, shelter and companionship for the benefit of others. Greet guests and visitors. Make others feel important. Cook for guests. Feel free to share your stuff. Don't expect anything in return.

• Justice

Stand up for what is pure and honest. Respect the rule of law. Stand up for what is right. Never put others down. Always stay open. Keep your conscience clear.

In the next article we will finish looking at the positive character traits of a person. Stay with us.

In Altai there is a saying: “A man without character is like bread without salt.” The word “character” itself, translated from Greek, means “seal”, “imprint”, but if we take the figurative meaning, then we are talking about the typicality and peculiarity of a person’s behavioral qualities. What is the origin of the concept, and what character traits exist?

The science of psychology best describes the concept of character. It fully reveals all the nuances and defines it as a set of personality traits and properties that not only give a person individuality, but also explain his actions in a given situation.

Basic character traits conditionally divided into several groups:

• emotions;
• will;
• intelligence.

Emotional traits - aggressiveness, good nature, melancholy, artistry, etc. begin to form from the very early childhood when the child’s mental qualities undergo gradual development. And this happens under the influence of various factors.

A person acquires strong-willed character traits (pedantry, masculinity, devotion, etc.) throughout his life. Qualities associated with intelligence - intelligence, independence, prudence, etc. - depend on innate predisposition, which is influenced by heredity and temperament.

An important factor in the development of a person’s character is his environment. It can lead to the acquisition of both positive and negative character traits by the child. The process continues throughout life, and the list of acquired personal characteristics is constantly increasing. If initially this happens unconsciously at the level of reflexes, then as people grow older they begin to choose those characteristics that are closer to them.

Experts have found that the basic character traits of a child are laid down from infancy; the child’s strong-willed traits begin to appear already in the second year of life, and at three or four he already has business qualities.

Communication signs are most noticeable at 4-5 years old, when children are interested in and actively participate in role-playing games with peers. If we take these data into account, we can say for sure that a five-year-old child has his own, unique character.

What underlies personal qualities?

If we structure knowledge about personal qualities, we can distinguish 4 character traits, or rather a block of characteristics:

• express their attitude towards other people (compassion, sociability, caring, etc.);
• traits that show how a person treats himself (selfishness, modesty, self-criticism, narcissism, etc.);
• attitude towards work (laziness, responsibility, etc.);
• traits indicating a person’s attitude towards objects (thrift, accuracy, greed, etc.).

Today there are hundreds of definitions of personal qualities, but science still identifies the main character traits.

In the business sphere this is:

In the field of communications, these are emotional qualities:

• aggression or benevolence;
• irritability;
• modesty;
• rancor.

Volitional qualities are associated with a person’s integrity; they are formed against the background of the struggle of motives and the assimilation moral standards. In this case, the positive character traits are confidence, perseverance, and determination. They contribute to a person's personal growth. Negative personality traits include lack of will, lack of consistency, and compliance.

How does nationality affect personal characteristics?

There are many stereotypes associated with nationality, for example, if you are slow, then you must be an Estonian, tight-fisted - a Jew, temperamental - a Georgian, reserved - an Englishman...

Scientists have quite accurately proven that there really are national character traits. And they are connected with various factors– culture, religion, upbringing and even climate. Of course, we are talking about those qualities that have been identified in the majority of representatives of the nation to one degree or another.

And what features of the Russian character can be identified? Many philosophers and psychologists have tried to evaluate the Russian people in terms of their characteristic qualities.

Professor of Russian philosophy Lossky identified six main features:

Doctor psychological sciences Lebedeva N.M., based on Lossky’s research, identified two, at first glance, opposite groups of properties of a Russian person:

1. Spiritual and emotional qualities of Russian people– include exclusively good characteristics– humility with one’s own lot, dedication and self-sacrifice, deep faith, calm acceptance of the thought of impending death, a cool attitude towards wealth, the ability to empathize and share daily necessities, contentment with existing goods.
2. Passivity, inaction– historically it happened that simple people for centuries were at a distance from political and public life; and although modern people show interest in this area, but more often it is a verbal expression of will that is not supported by action. This leads to the following negative character traits of the Russian person - some alienation from the affairs taking place in the country, the expectation of a “miracle”, the desire for anarchism, rebellion, denial of discipline, various kinds of temptations.

Physique and character

There is a rather interesting theory by the German psychologist Ernst Kretschmer that personal qualities directly depend on the constitution of a person. Moreover, most of the theoretical aspects have received practical confirmation. According to Kretschmer's idea, there are three characteristic types:

1. Asthenic people (“weak”) are thin, with elongated parts of the body - limbs, face, flat chest and poorly developed muscles. They correspond to the personality traits of “schizotomy” - isolation, seriousness, stubbornness; people do not adapt well to new conditions. At mental disorders we may be talking about schizophrenia.
2. Athletics (athletics translated as “athletic, skillful”) are people of impressive height, broad chests, strong bones and powerful muscles. This is usually how heroic personalities from epics are described, however, the character traits of the “hero” are not so clear. They were called iskotimiks - having a calm character, lack of special impressionability, a tendency towards practicality and restraint in facial expressions and gestures, they also have 3 character traits that are far from heroism - authority, negative attitude to change and poor adaptability to new conditions. With nervous disorders there is a risk of developing epilepsy.
3. Picnics - (dense, fat) representatives of this group are short, plump, or have a tendency to gain weight excess weight, have a large head on a short neck, a wide face, and small facial features. These are cyclothymics - main feature The person’s character in this case is sociability, he makes contact well, reacts emotionally to any event, and quickly gets used to new conditions. Such people have a tendency to develop manic-depressive psychoses in mental disorders.

No matter how many characteristics of human traits and qualities there are, there is no identical personality. Of course, there is generalized data, and some points may even coincide with existing temperamental characteristics. However, each person is a unique creation, a tangle of innate and acquired properties, characteristics, charisma and contradictions. It is only important to remember that everyone forges their own qualities and it is important not to forget about personal growth.

Character is something single, holistic. How does it affect a person's life? Globally! The fact is that all our actions are justified in some way. We act as our mind and heart tell us. There is also another factor influencing our lives. Everyone has something like an internal core that has a direct impact on his behavior. It's about character. This rod consists of certain elements that have become fixed in the process daily activities.

The list of which will be discussed in this article is different. Some of them make us better, others worse. The list of character traits is extensive. All of them influence our lives in one way or another. Is it possible to change your character? Yes, you can. It's hard to do, but sometimes you just can't do without it. We are not always to blame for who we have become. Wrong upbringing, bad company, inappropriate education - all this can have a bad effect on a person's character. A person is instilled with bad qualities, and he begins to think that they are the norm. Timely awareness of the problem will help solve it.

The character traits, the list of which we will consider, also influence how we communicate with others. Do you have few friends? Perhaps the problem is not with people, but with the fact that you need to change your inner self.

Character Traits: List

An important positive character trait is hard work. Any person who is ready to work will achieve a lot. This is not about the ability to unload wagons, but about labor in general: both physical and intellectual. Those with such a character trait as hard work do not stand still, but are constantly looking for more and more new types of activities in which they could realize themselves. The opposite of this character trait will be laziness. Of course, she spoils her because she becomes difficult to rise to, inert, and unable to achieve her goals.

Character traits, the list of which is wide, include kindness. Good people open to the world, always ready to help those in need. They renounce evil because they understand that bad deeds will not lead to anything good. The opposite character trait would be anger.

What can be said about cowardice? People who have this character trait are constantly in the back rows. Life often passes them by. They do not find the strength and courage to undertake something new, something that would change not only themselves, but also the world.

The character traits listed here are varied. These also include sociability. It helps us establish contacts with other people, make new acquaintances, maintain old ones, and so on. Man is a social being. This means that, living in society, you need to be able to communicate with your own kind. Unsociability - negative trait character. Being single is good, but not always. It is worth thinking about what lies ahead. Sooner or later, you still want to see people next to you who you can really rely on.

Here is a list of positive human qualities:

Goodwill;

Openness;

Philanthropy;

Perseverance;

Openness to new things;

Seriousness;

Good nature;

Restraint;

Tact;

Cheerfulness;

Determination;

Here is a list of people:

Inertia;

Envy;

Aggressiveness;

Idleness;

Closedness;

Malice;