Knowledge system and nature conservation. Class hour: "Save nature - save life" Teacher's opening speech

MKOU"Novokaykent Secondary School"

With. Novokayakent

Kayakent district Republic of Dagestan

(development for Knowledge Day for students in grades 5-11)

MKOU "Novokayakent Secondary School"

Umalatova Ravganiyat Biybulatovna

Novokayakent village

2017

Explanatory note

This class script"Nature Conservation, Science and Technology"It is recommended to conduct it as the first lesson for Knowledge Day on September 1. The scenario touches on environmental problems of nature, recommends the use of new technologies for nature conservation, and discusses the measures necessary for nature conservation. The script was developed for students in grades 5 - 11.

Target: consider environmental problems of nature, propose the use of new technologies for nature conservation and propose measures necessary for nature conservation.

Equipment: a projector and screen, computer, laptop or interactive whiteboard for demonstrating a presentation.

Class hour scenario “Nature conservation, science and technology”

In an immoral society, all inventions that increase man's power over nature are not only not good, but undoubted and obvious evil.

L. Tolstoy.

Hand class: Guys, our first class hour in 2017 is called

"Nature conservation, science and technology." Cool watch under this name are held in all schools of our large, vast country. The name was not invented in vain. We live with you in a century of great discoveries and technologies. These discoveries and technologies affect nature and humans. Today we will talk about nature, discoveries and new technologies

Presenter 1 : On January 5, 2016, Vladimir Putin signed a Decree on holding in 2017 Russian Federation Year of Ecology.

Presenter 2: The head of state ordered the formation of an organizing committee for the Year of Ecology. The head of the presidential administration of the Russian Federation, Sergei Ivanov, was appointed chairman. The Government has been instructed to ensure the development and approval of a plan of main activities for the Year of Ecology. The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are recommended to carry out the necessary activities within the framework of the ongoing Year of Ecology.

Presenter 1: On August 1, 2015, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree that 2017 in Russia will also be declared the Year of Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA). The event is timed to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the creation of our country’s first state nature reserve- Barguzinsky.

Presenter 2: Holding the Year of Protected Areas will attract public attention to conservation issues natural heritage. Specially protected natural areas- this is one of the most effective forms environmental activities, allowing for complete or partial removal from economic use land and preserve biological and landscape diversity in Russia and on the planet as a whole.

Cl. hands: Nature is the primary source of satisfying the material and spiritual needs of people. Human society is surrounded everywhere by nature. We continuously interact with nature in all possible directions. Nature has a variety of meanings for humans: industrial, scientific, health, aesthetic and educational.

We live in a time when science and technology are highly developed. In our computer age, people cause great harm to nature.

Presenter 1: Thanks to centuries-old achievements of science and technology, we now have powerful tools to influence nature. Our achievements enable humans to invade the macrocosm and microcosm, influence the life of the biosphere, transform millions of virgin untouched lands into agricultural fields and monoculture gardens, randomly genetically modify many animal breeds and plant varieties, and create urban landscapes. By invading the life of nature, man often violates the eternal natural patterns, leads to life changes that are undesirable for him environment. Nowadays, people are faced with the urgent task of preventing the environmental crisis, strengthening nature conservation and wisely using its finite resources.

The progress of mankind is associated with the scientific and technological revolution. It was born slowly and gradually, so that now, in the new millennium, it can give rise to a gigantic ecological collapse.

On the one hand, we are witnessing a qualitative leap in the scientific and technical capabilities of humanity, on the other hand, we are observing a qualitative leap in the terrible means of destroying nature, in military affairs, which can wipe out all life from the face of the Earth.

Presenter 2 : Modern age computer science and electronics, computers and robots leaves millions of people unemployed; the young and educated are forced to go to the market to trade. Wealth and power are increasingly concentrated in the hands of bankers and oligarchs. Militarism is swelling in the arms race, which ultimately seeks to seize the political levers of control. He really becomes a terribly ugly and extremely dangerous monster of the 21st century. Through the efforts of the arms race, the most advanced scientific and technological achievements are being transformed into weapons of mass destruction of people. Both people themselves and the entire environment suffer from this.

Today one thing becomes clear - scientific and technological progress is obliged to find an answer to the question: how to radically improve the use of non-renewable natural environmental resources, materials, raw materials, energy and fuel at all stages of production - from extraction and processing of raw materials to production finished products. Environmental protection must be a top priority. It's time to reduce energy, material and metal intensity of production. Careful use of resources should become an important source of meeting people's needs for raw materials, fuel and energy.

Cl. hands : Guys, the ecological situation of our area is not in the best condition. Today our guest is an ecologist from our region. Let's give him the floor.

Ecologist : Speech by an ecologist about ecological condition district.

Cl. hands : Guys, you can ask questions to our guest.

Students : Students ask questions to the ecologist.

Cl. hands: Dear guys, each of us has Cell phones and smartphones. With their help you can make the world around you better. Guys, try to answer the question: are mobile technologies popular in our country? How do you think?

Students : (students’ answers)

Cl. hands: What are our gadgets capable of?

Student 1 : With the help of mobile technologies you can save forests from fires, protect animals, save trees, protect nature from garbage and much more.

Student 2 : Video cameras on the forest help to monitor the forest. base stations. With their help you can determine the location of the fire. You can also use cameras to monitor rare animals in nature reserves. Video cameras are available in many regions of our country.

Student 3: Each student, being at home, can plant a tree,

through the Internet service “Plant a tree”. This helps restore fire-damaged forests.

Cl. hands: Guys, we are surrounded by heaps of garbage everywhere. There is a lot of garbage in the water. It's called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The exact size is unknown, there is a lot of plastic in it.

Scientists estimate that by 2050 there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish. What can you do to prevent this from happening? What is our situation? How can you help?

Students : We also have a lot of garbage.

Student 4: Take a photo and send it to authorities and environmental activists.

Student 5: Conduct clean-up days to clean yards, forests, and banks. Do not stand on the sidelines, but take an active part with the involvement of your comrades.

Cl. hands: What to do with collected garbage?

Student 6 : Sort and give to factories for processing. Obtain raw materials for new products, i.e. reuse.

Cl. hands: Guys, we all have a lot of unnecessary things at home, but what do you do with them?

Student 7 : We give it to those who need it. We give a second life to things.

Student 8 : We burn and poison the air with poisonous gases, so you can’t burn garbage. The garbage does not burn completely.

Student 9 : Throw it in the trash. Under natural conditions they decompose: food waste - from 2 to 5 weeks, wool sock - 1 year, paper from 2 to 10 years, can– 100 years, plastic bottle – 500 years, glass – more than 1000 years.

Cl. hands: Guys, many things contain toxic substances and should not be thrown away. They must be handed over to special collection points. Such things include light bulbs, thermometers, batteries, etc. Recycling saves things Natural resources and little water is wasted.

Cl. hands: There are a lot of new inventions to save energy. There are stations operating on environmentally friendly energy sources: solar panels, wind power plants.

Student 10 : In Khabarovsk, a young entrepreneur invented a backpack with built-in solar panels that can charge a smartphone, tablet and laptop.

Student 11 . Once upon a time in the computer, atomic age
A sensible man walked through the forest.
He threw the cigarette butt into the grass under the bush,
He didn't think at all what would happen next.
But a fire broke out, a fire broke out,
And immediately the entire forest was engulfed in intense heat.
All the animals and birds hurried there,
Where the smartest oak grew by the pond.
The fire rushed after, the fire ate everything,
The oak tree began to burn with a red flame.
He suddenly groaned, for the first time in a century:
“Oh, what are you doing, reasonable man?

Student 12. And how much trouble you bring with you!
And how much misfortune is happening to you!
You hardly think about the future..."
The words froze in a broken phrase.
The ominous fire continued to devour the forest,
And the tiny bunny was waiting for miracles from the sky.
He raised his burnt paws to the sky.
“Save! Save! - he whispered quietly.
And the sky heard a thin call,
And she sent a cloud with rain and thunder.
Now the cloud has opened a retaliatory strike,
The raging fire did not soon subside.

Student 13. And how much trouble he managed to cause,
Although there might not have been a fire.
But just through the forest in the computer age
A smart and strong man walked.
And the tree wants it, the bird wants it
I turn to you, man, with all my heart.
“The planet is one, for you and for us.

Student 14. We need to take care of it not tomorrow - now!
You create miracles with new technology,
And you take the garbage to fields and forests.
Making a lot of discoveries in science,

You dirty water pouring into the seas.
Stop and think - nature is sick.
She needs your care today."
You need to love from childhood, you need to protect from childhood.
So that strong planet leave as a legacy.

Presenter 1: In RussiaProtection of Nature- a rather neglected matter. TOenvironmentalstudents are little involved in the work. Passive work of schoolchildren in circles of young ecologists, and the ineffective activities of “green” and “blue” patrols, which unite a small number of children. Who now, tell me, monitors the cleanliness of rivers, lakes and ponds, protects fish resources?

Student 15: There are fewer and fewer untouched places on the planet.

Lakes of oil are spilled across the tundra.

And hostile whirlwinds swirl from the pipes...

Live nature- already half dead.

The man brought her to her knees.

We want to rake in more money.

And what after us?

Presenter 2 : The most important condition for overcoming the environmental crisis is the rapprochement between man andnature, searching for ways for them to live together. This is, first of all, expressed in the desire of many people to leave the city and live on their own land, to cultivate it with their own hands, and not with terrible agricultural machinery. This is how one is born real love Tonatureand friendship with her. This is how a new generation of people is born, capable of not only exploitingnature, but also to give oneself, one’s work, one’s life for the goodenvironment, for the goodnature.

Information sources:

1. Sayings of the greats about nature.

2. 2017 - Year of Ecology in Russia

3. Poems about ecology

MKOU "Novokayakent Secondary School"

With. Novokayakent

Kayakent district Republic of Dagestan

(development for Knowledge Day for students in grades 5-11)

MKOU "Novokayakent Secondary School"

Umalatova Ravganiyat Biybulatovna

Novokayakent village

Explanatory note

This scenario for the class hour “Nature conservation, science and technology” is recommended to be taught as the first lesson for Knowledge Day on September 1. The scenario touches on environmental problems of nature, recommends the use of new technologies for nature conservation, and discusses the measures necessary for nature conservation. The script was developed for students in grades 5 - 11.

Target: consider environmental problems of nature, propose the use of new technologies for nature conservation and propose measures necessary for nature conservation.

Equipment: a projector and screen, computer, laptop or interactive whiteboard for demonstrating a presentation.

Class hour scenario “Nature conservation, science and technology”

In an immoral society, all inventions that increase man's power over nature are not only not good, but undoubted and obvious evil.

L. Tolstoy.

Hand class: Guys, our first class hour in 2017 is called

"Nature conservation, science and technology." Classes under this name are held in all schools of our large, vast country. The name was not invented in vain. We live with you in a century of great discoveries and technologies. These discoveries and technologies affect nature and humans. Today we will talk about nature, discoveries and new technologies

Presenter 1: On January 5, 2016, Vladimir Putin signed a Decree on holding the Year of Ecology in the Russian Federation in 2017.

Presenter 2: The head of state ordered the formation of an organizing committee for the Year of Ecology. The head of the presidential administration of the Russian Federation, Sergei Ivanov, was appointed chairman. The Government has been instructed to ensure the development and approval of a plan of main activities for the Year of Ecology. The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are recommended to carry out the necessary activities within the framework of the ongoing Year of Ecology.

Presenter 1: On August 1, 2015, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree that 2017 in Russia will also be declared the Year of Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA). The event is timed to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the creation of the first state nature reserve in our country - Barguzinsky.

Presenter 2: Holding the Year of Protected Natural Areas will help attract public attention to the issues of preserving natural heritage. Specially protected natural areas are one of the most effective forms of environmental protection, allowing for the complete or partial withdrawal of land from economic use and the preservation of biological and landscape diversity in Russia and on the planet as a whole.

Cl. hands: Nature is the primary source of satisfying the material and spiritual needs of people. Human society is surrounded everywhere by nature. We continuously interact with nature in all possible directions. Nature has a variety of meanings for humans: industrial, scientific, health, aesthetic and educational.

We live in a time when science and technology are highly developed. In our computer age, people cause great harm to nature.

Presenter 1: Thanks to centuries-old achievements of science and technology, we now have powerful tools to influence nature. Our achievements enable humans to invade the macrocosm and microcosm, influence the life of the biosphere, transform millions of virgin untouched lands into agricultural fields and monoculture gardens, randomly genetically modify many animal breeds and plant varieties, and create urban landscapes. By invading the life of nature, a person often violates the eternal natural laws and leads to changes in the environment that are undesirable for him. Nowadays, people are faced with the urgent task of preventing the environmental crisis, strengthening nature conservation and wisely using its finite resources.

The progress of mankind is associated with the scientific and technological revolution. It was born slowly and gradually, so that now, in the new millennium, it can give rise to a gigantic ecological collapse.

On the one hand, we are witnessing a qualitative leap in the scientific and technical capabilities of humanity, on the other hand, we are observing a qualitative leap in the terrible means of destroying nature, in military affairs, which can wipe out all life from the face of the Earth.

Presenter 2: The modern age of computer science and electronics, computers and robots leaves millions of people unemployed; the young and educated are forced to go to the market to trade. Wealth and power are increasingly concentrated in the hands of bankers and oligarchs. Militarism is swelling in the arms race, which ultimately seeks to seize the political levers of control. He really becomes a terribly ugly and extremely dangerous monster of the 21st century. Through the efforts of the arms race, the most advanced scientific and technological achievements are being transformed into weapons of mass destruction of people. Both people themselves and the entire environment suffer from this.

Today one thing becomes clear - scientific and technological progress must find an answer to the question: how to radically improve the use of non-renewable natural environmental resources, materials, raw materials, energy and fuel at all stages of production - from the extraction and processing of raw materials to the release of finished products. Environmental protection must be a top priority. It's time to reduce energy, material and metal intensity of production. Careful use of resources should become an important source of meeting people's needs for raw materials, fuel and energy.

Cl. hands: Guys, the ecological situation of our area is not in the best condition. Today our guest is an ecologist from our region. Let's give him the floor.

Ecologist: Speech by an ecologist on the ecological state of the area.

Cl. hands: Guys, you can ask questions to our guest.

Students: Students ask questions to the ecologist.

Cl. hands: Dear guys, each of us has mobile phones and smartphones. With their help you can make the world around you better. Guys, try to answer the question: are mobile technologies popular in our country? How do you think?

Students: (students’ answers)

Cl. hands: What are our gadgets capable of?

Student 1: With the help of mobile technologies you can save forests from fires, protect animals, save trees, protect nature from garbage and much more.

Student 2: Video cameras at base stations help monitor the forest. With their help you can determine the location of the fire. You can also use cameras to monitor rare animals in nature reserves. Video cameras are available in many regions of our country.

Student 3: Each student, being at home, can plant a tree,

through the Internet service “Plant a tree”. This helps restore fire-damaged forests.

Cl. hands: Guys, we are surrounded by heaps of garbage everywhere. There is a lot of garbage in the water. It's called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The exact size is unknown, there is a lot of plastic in it.

Scientists estimate that by 2050 there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish. What can you do to prevent this from happening? What is our situation? How can you help?

Students: We also have a lot of garbage.

Student 4: Take a photo and send it to authorities and environmental activists.

Student 5: Conduct clean-up days to clean yards, forests, and banks. Do not stand on the sidelines, but take an active part with the involvement of your comrades.

Cl. hands: What to do with collected garbage?

Student 6: Sort and give to factories for processing. Obtain raw materials for new products, i.e. recycling.

Cl. hands: Guys, we all have a lot of unnecessary things at home, but what do you do with them?

Student 7: We give it to those who need it. We give a second life to things.

Student 8: We burn and poison the air with poisonous gases, so you can’t burn garbage. The garbage does not burn completely.

Student 9: Throw it in the trash. Under natural conditions, they decompose: food waste - from 2 to 5 weeks, a wool sock - 1 year, paper from 2 to 10 years, a tin can - 100 years, a plastic bottle - 500 years, glass - more than 1000 years.

Cl. hands: Guys, many things contain toxic substances and should not be thrown away. They must be handed over to special collection points. Such things include light bulbs, thermometers, batteries, etc. Recycling things saves natural resources and wastes little water.

Cl. hands: There are a lot of new inventions to save energy. There are stations operating on environmentally friendly energy sources: solar panels, wind power plants.

Student 10: In Khabarovsk, a young entrepreneur invented a backpack with built-in solar panels that can charge a smartphone, tablet and laptop.

Student 11. Once upon a time in the computer, atomic age
A sensible man walked through the forest.
He threw the cigarette butt into the grass under the bush,
He didn't think at all what would happen next.
But a fire broke out, a fire broke out,
And immediately the entire forest was engulfed in intense heat.
All the animals and birds hurried there,
Where the smartest oak grew by the pond.
The fire rushed after, the fire ate everything,
The oak tree began to burn with a red flame.
He suddenly groaned, for the first time in a century:
“Oh, what are you doing, reasonable man?

Student 12. And how much trouble you bring with you!
And how much misfortune is happening to you!
You hardly think about the future..."
The words froze in a broken phrase.
The ominous fire continued to devour the forest,
And the tiny bunny was waiting for miracles from the sky.
He raised his burnt paws to the sky.
“Save! Save! - he whispered quietly.
And the sky heard a thin call,
And she sent a cloud with rain and thunder.
Now the cloud has opened a retaliatory strike,
The raging fire did not soon subside.

Student 13. And how much trouble he managed to cause,
Although there might not have been a fire.
But just through the forest in the computer age
A smart and strong man walked.
And the tree wants it, the bird wants it
I turn to you, man, with all my heart.
“The planet is one, for you and for us.

Student 14. We need to take care of it not tomorrow - now!
You create miracles with new technology,
And you take the garbage to fields and forests.
Making a lot of discoveries in science,

You are pouring dirty water into the sea.
Stop and think - nature is sick.
She needs your care today."
You need to love from childhood, you need to protect from childhood.
To leave a strong planet as a legacy.

Presenter 1: In Russia, nature conservation is a rather neglected matter. TO environmental students are little involved in the work. Passive work of schoolchildren in circles of young ecologists, and the ineffective activities of “green” and “blue” patrols, which unite a small number of children. Who now, tell me, monitors the cleanliness of rivers, lakes and ponds, protects fish resources?

Student 15: There are fewer and fewer untouched places on the planet.

Lakes of oil are spilled across the tundra.

And hostile whirlwinds swirl from the pipes...

Wildlife is already half a corpse.

The man brought her to her knees.

We want to rake in more money.

And what after us?

Presenter 2: The most important condition for overcoming the environmental crisis is the rapprochement of man and nature, the search for ways for them to live together. This is, first of all, expressed in the desire of many people to leave the city and live on their own land, to cultivate it with their own hands, and not with terrible agricultural machinery. This is how true love for nature and friendship with it is born. This is how a new generation of people is born, capable of not only exploiting nature, but also giving themselves, their work, their lives for the good environment, for the benefit of nature.

Information sources:

1.http://eco.vrnlib.ru/vyskazyvaniya-velikix-o-prirode/ Statements of the great about nature.

2.http://kuglib.ru/publ/prioritet_goda/god/2017_god_ehkologii/13-1-0-287 2017 - Year of Ecology in Russia

3.http://pandia.ru/text/80/141/6487.php Poems about ecology

4. http://www.duhzemli.ru/ohrana-prirody/01-environment.html Encyclopedia of environmental protection

Katan Anastasia

Research work on ecology

Download:

Preview:

Russia. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Municipal formation of the city of Novy Urengoy.

NOMINATION “GENERAL ECOLOGY”

TOPIC OF THE WORK: “LET'S SAVE NATURE - SAVE THE FUTURE”

HEAD: Reimhe Maria Vladimirovna,

primary school teacher,

MBOU secondary school No. 8

Novy Urengoy

year 2014

1. Introduction... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 3
2. Ecology. Global environmental problems. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .page 4
3. Conclusion. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . page 6
4. References. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 7

Introduction

If a person depends on nature, then she also depends on him: she made him - he remakes her.

Anatole France

Relevance of the chosen topic:

MAN IS THE UNIT OF NATURE. Look around! Which beautiful plants, various animals and insects surround us. Nature calms, pleases, surprises, excites.

Our tundra is rich delicious berries, wonderful mushrooms. Who among us does not go to the forest in the fall to enjoy these gifts of nature? We all go to nature, breathe fresh air, enjoy the flight of crimson, purple and green leaves. And then a little gray bunny slipped by, apparently frightened by the appearance of people. Our nature is unique and enchanting!

Every year in the fall, our whole family also relax in nature, pick mushrooms, berries and simply enjoy the beauty of the forest. And every year I see the same picture: abundance empty bottles, full of garbage bags, cigarette packs. All this darkens my stay in the forest...

And every year I think about the actions of us people. Many questions arise in my head:

“Is it really difficult to take garbage with you after a vacation and throw it in the trash?”;

“Who, if not us, will save and protect our nature?”;

“Why do we, people, relax in nature, inhaling the aroma of flowers and herbs, and then we ourselves destroy it?”;

“Why are we so cruel to what is given to us, what surrounds us?”

I have many questions, but there is only one answer: human carelessness, laziness, irresponsibility, ingratitude... After all, what distinguishes a person from all other living beings is that he knows how to notice the beauty of the world around him and enjoy it.

However, with the advent and development of humanity, gradual destruction occurs flora, extermination of many animals. Every living organism, including humans, changes its environment. With the development of society, the increase in the number of factories and enterprises, human impact on the environment begins to harm it and gradually destroy it.

Let us recall the statement of Yevgeny Yevtushenko, which is a call, a cry in relation to man and nature:

Take care of these lands, these waters,

I love even a small epic.

Take care of all the animals within nature, kill only the animals within yourself!

Reflecting on all this, I wanted to know about the situation that is happening in the world around us, in nature, to understand what human influence on nature is, when it began, and what the threat of this influence is to the future generation.

In the conditions of the modern ecological situation, the interaction between man and nature is very complex, and each of us must understand that without changing people’s consciousness and attitude towards nature, human life can perish much earlier.

Technological progress makes human life easier, but factories, cars and power plants pollute the air we breathe.

Aggressive human impact on nature has led to changes and deterioration of the environment, food quality, and the emergence of diseases. Deforestation, pollution of lakes and reservoirs due to environmental disasters, poaching, Forest fires, floods...The list goes on. All this is the result of thoughtless human activity. In this regard, many extremely acute problems arise, primarily environmental ones.

Therefore the mainthe purpose of my work:to call for careful attitude to the environment, preserve our wonderful nature for the future generation and prove that nature is the main factor in human health.

We will get acquainted with the terms “ecology”, “ecological safety”, highlight the rules of personal environmental safety and try to prove that the Earth is our home, if we preserve our home, we will preserve our health.

Object of study:us and the world around us.

Subject of study:the impact of human activities on the environment.

Hypothesis: If people are taught to respect the environment, the next generation will not face many of the problems that exist now.

Practical significance: this work will help to interest many people who care about nature and will give them the opportunity to think about their attitude to the world around us. After all, everyone can contribute and help preserve our beautiful nature!

Ecology. Global environmental problems.

What is ecology?

Ecology is the science of the connections between living organisms and the environment. These connections are life on Earth. Humanity is also part of this life. It arose as a result of the development of living nature, is connected with it by all roots, and exists at its expense.

Translated from Greek, “oikos” means house, and “logos” means science. We can say that ecology is the science of home, planet Earth. The term “ecology” was first used in 1866 by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919). Environmental safety – protection from harmful effects environment.

Let's consider global environmental problems and determine ways to solve them.

Global environmental problems and ways to solve them.

Today, the environmental situation in the world can be described as close to critical.

We enjoy swimming in the river, picking mushrooms and berries, and breathing fresh forest air after a thunderstorm. But do we like everything in nature? Some animals cause fear in us, while others are unpleasant for us to look at.

Stop! Remember: every plant, every Living being amazing and needed by nature! There is nothing superfluous in it! Loving nature means not touching it, not preventing it from living according to its own laws.

Therefore, among the global environmental problems I would like to note the following:

1. Thousands of species of plants and animals have been destroyed and continue to be destroyed, some of them are listed in the Red Book.

Red Book – this is a list of rare and endangered plants, animals and fungi;

1. forest cover has been largely destroyed due to deforestation and fires;
2. natural waters are polluted;
3. the atmosphere in many places is polluted to the maximum permissible levels, and fresh air becomes scarce;
4. surface contamination and disfigurement natural landscapes: Not a single one can be found on Earth square meter surfaces, wherever there are no artificially created elements.

The destructive attitude of man towards nature becomes completely obvious. Currently economic activity humans are becoming the main source of environmental pollution. IN natural environment industrial waste is thrown out, which then enters the soil, air or water and, ultimately, into the human body. When toxic substances enter the human body, they cause various diseases, which can become chronic, some of them cause mutation, cancer and lead to death.
To protect yourself from the harmful effects of pollutants and toxic substances, you must follow the basic rules of personal environmental safety.

Here are the rules of environmental safety. Below the rules is a list of words. Now we will determine what rules we need to follow in order to preserve and keep our health strong.

Now let’s find out what measures are needed to solve global environmental problems.

1. Take care of the plants and animals living near us;
   2. Protect and restore forests, protect them from fires, pests and diseases;
   3. Use water carefully, oblige enterprises to use a purification system Wastewater, use garbage collection ships and oil skimmers to clean up water bodies.

4. Green up cities and industrial centers, replace cars with electric vehicles, install smoke eliminators in factories.

5. The state sets standards for fishing, bans on whaling, and creates public organizations for environmental protection, for example, GREENPEACE.

Another direction for solving the environmental problem, and perhaps in the future the most important of all, is the formation in society of environmental consciousness, people’s understanding of nature as another living being that cannot be dominated without damage to it and oneself. Each of us must know the rules of behavior in nature and strictly follow them.(Annex 1)

Conclusion.

Nature is the environment of life and the source of human existence. In our country, nature conservation is a matter national importance. Everyone must treat all living things with care and follow the rules of behavior in nature.

Environmental education and upbringing in society should be placed at the state level; in schools and kindergartens it is necessary to conduct conversations with children on the topic of respect for nature, conduct open lessons. After all, each of us can make a significant contribution to the protection and preservation of our nature.And if we, people, do not take care of our nature, our native land, everything that nature gives us, then the future generation simply will not be able to survive in the gradually emerging natural conditions, in the ecology that will exist in a few generations.

Enjoy the beauty native nature, green meadows and forests, the sonorous singing of birds, the fluttering of butterflies and dragonflies. Observe the life of nature, study it and love it!

References:

1. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Facts/Ed. Dyleiko A.A., Zaritskaya T.A., Maruk V.A., Tikhonovich V.E.-SPb.: Belfax, 1999. – 504 p.: ill.
2. The world around us: Textbook. for 2nd grade four years old. beginning school/ Vinogradova N.F. – 2nd ed., revised. – M.: Education, 1997. – 192 p.:, ill.
3. Fundamentals of ecology: Textbook. for 9th grade general education institutions/ Chernova N.M., Galushin V.M., Konstantinov V.M. – M.: Education, 1997. – 240 pp.: ill.
4. Pochemuchka/Dietrich A.K., Yurmin G.A., Koshurnikova R.V. – 3rd ed., rev. and additional – M.: Pedagogy, 1991. – 384 p.: ill.
5. Encyclopedia for children. Volume 19. Ecology/Chapter. ed. Volodin V.A., leading scientific ed. Vilchek G.E., resp. ed. Ananyeva E.G. – M.: Avanta+, 2003. – 448 pp.: ill.
6. Link to Internet resources: htt://domznaniy.ru/, http://dishisvobodno.ru/, http://injstroj.ru/.

Annex 1

Rules of behavior in nature

Back forward

Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.

Explanatory note.

Our Earth is just an infinitesimal particle of the Universe, but only on it, out of all the planets examined by man, is there life. And if so, then we need to doubly try so that the nature of our common home is not only preserved, but becomes more abundant and beautiful. After all, everything we eat and drink is given to us by nature. All our small and large equipment - from shovels to space rockets - are made from natural materials. Man himself is also a part of nature, and any trouble in nature threatens his health and life. In the era of the scientific and technological revolution, nature turned out to be defenseless against man and dependent on him. Rivers are dammed, rockets are launched into space, the earth's crust is pierced by the deepest wells...

Voluntarily or unwittingly, a person interferes with the course of natural processes, disturbing the natural balance. As a result, rivers are dying, the climate is changing, plants and animals are disappearing. This disaster is called an environmental crisis.

The subject of ecology is the connection of living beings with the environment. Ecology is called upon to develop a general strategy for human behavior in nature. It is also called upon to look for ways to restore damaged natural systems in a modified form.

The right to live in an environmentally friendly, healthy and safe environment is one of the most important human rights. That is why the environmental problem has become so acute all over the world recently. It acquired economic, social and political implications. The role of ecology has increased in modern science. Economists, lawyers, sociologists, and philosophers began to study environmental issues.

However, many issues still remain unexplored and unresolved. Therefore, the problem of environmental protection and the impact of pollution on human health remains relevant.

Goals:

• nurturing a sense of love for nature, respect for all living things;
• helping students realize their moral responsibility for their fate native land, your village;
• formation of ecological culture.

Equipment:

• presentation.
• nature conservation posters;
• photographs of human influence on nature;
• reproductions of paintings depicting nature;
• children's drawings about the birds of our region;

Progress of the lesson

1. Introductory speech by the teacher.

2. Speeches by students with environmental information on the topic of the class lesson.

3. Problem situation “Availability of sources of clean fresh water Nogliki village”

4. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. “Biologists”

5. Conversation with students “Environmental pollution.”

6. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. “Medical worker.”

7.Ecological raid. “What laws have been violated?”

8. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. "Economist".

9. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. "Student".

10.Work in groups. “Appeal on behalf of Nature.”

Progress of the event

We must not allow people to direct towards their own destruction.
those forces of nature that they were able to discover and conquer.
F. Joliot-Curie

1. Opening remarks.

The sages and dreamers of the past more than once tried to list the “wonders of the world” - miracles created by nature and created by human hands. They talked about seven miracles, searched for and found the eighth, but it seems no one ever mentioned the miracle of miracles - the only one known to us in the Universe. This miracle is our planet itself, together with the atmosphere - the container and guardian of life. And for now it continues to remain unique, incomparable, greatest, mysterious and amazing. The only one, because the rest of the planets in our solar system are most likely lifeless, and we have not yet discovered habitable planets around other stars. The greatest, because it contains all the mysteries that have long troubled humanity - the mysteries of the birth and history of the planet itself, the mysteries of the origin of life, intelligence, and the future destinies of civilization.

This miracle is Nature. Man is a part of it. Nature provides man with food. Wind and sun, forest and water give us common joy, shape our character, make us softer and more poetic. People are inextricably linked with nature through thousands of threads. Human life depends on the state of nature. Save nature - save life.

Airfields, piers and platforms,
Forests without birds and land without water...
Less and less - surrounding nature.
More and more - the environment.

There are only four lines of R. Rozhdestvensky’s poem, but they contain the very essence of the most serious changes taking place in the nature of the Earth. We, people of the beginning of the 21st century, almost unnoticed by ourselves, found ourselves both witnesses and culprits of these changes. How can they turn out for today and future generations?

2. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. "Ecologist".

For many years, there was no generally accepted understanding of the quantitative relationship between environmental pollution and human health.

Is there currently a threat to nature and human life?

Far-sighted, caring people have always been concerned about environmental problems. Thus, Yaroslav the Wise by law limited the production of swans, beavers and other valuable animals.

The decree of Peter I of 1718 ordered “criminals who have been cutting down oak forest and will continue to cut down, as well as those who order cutting, cutting out their nostrils and ears, are ordered to be sent to hard labor in batogami.” With the same decree, Peter I demanded the construction of treatment facilities within St. Petersburg and obliged all citizens to ensure cleanliness around their homes and on their streets.

According to the Decree of 1719 on the protection of reservoirs: “... if anyone defiles the river with garbage or other impurities, he will be sentenced to be beaten with a whip or exiled to Siberia...”.

For millennia, human encroachment into nature has expanded. But especially great changes in the environment occurred during the era of the scientific and technological revolution. And they are not always positive.

Scientific and technological progress has brought and continues to bring many conveniences and comfort to people. It made work easier and allowed us to go into space. It is impossible to stop or even slow it down, just as it is impossible to force a person to stop thinking, daring, creating... Unfortunately, not everyone understands the importance of protecting the environment. Nature began to send alarming signals and change. The culprits of these changes are people and the factories they created, power plants, mines, transport, as well as cities...

A few decades ago, Academician V.I. Vernadsky, the creator of the science of biogeochemistry, warned against a predatory attitude towards nature and its riches: there can only be one result - its complete destruction.

The expression “necessary as air” did not arise by chance. A person can live without food for weeks, without water for days, and without air for minutes.

Over the past 25-30 years, transport and industry have taken more oxygen from the atmosphere than humanity consumed in the entire anthropogen, that is, in 2-3 million years. Sulfur, nitrogen, zinc, potassium, and toxic substances are released into the atmosphere. Only carbon dioxide Every year, 5 billion tons are emitted worldwide, which can lead to warming, partial melting of polar ice and rising sea levels. The possible negative consequences for humanity in this case are difficult to even imagine.

More than 50 Russian cities have levels of environmental pollution that exceed sanitary standards.

The problem of clean fresh water sources is becoming increasingly acute.

Forests - the “lungs of the planet”, fail-safe filters of the atmosphere - are being cut down faster than they are growing. Each cubic meter of wood is almost half a ton of carbon dioxide absorbed from the air.

Nature has generously endowed Sakhalin Island with riches. The main wealth of the island is undoubtedly oil and gas. large deposits on the Sakhalin shelf. According to OJSC Rosneft-Sakhalinmorneftegaz, they exceed the reserves on land of the island by 27 and 57 times, respectively, amounting to simply cosmic volumes: more than one billion tons of oil and 3.6 trillion cubic meters. m of gas.

The relatively small territory of the Sakhalin region is subject to increasingly severe anthropogenic impacts, which tend to increase due to the development of the continental shelf and the development of new mineral deposits.

Land pollution with oil products in the Sakhalin region, including the Nogliki region, is not decreasing. In the region there is a main oil pipeline - 303 km, a central oil pipeline - 273.7 km, supply oil pipelines - 85.9 km, main gas pipeline- 329 km, gas supply pipeline - 220.8 km, as well as pumping machines, oil parks, oil production sites, oil gathering points, oil pumping stations in total - 71 pcs., there are 377 fuel and lubricants warehouses, over 100 gas stations, oil refinery JSC "Petrosakh" . All of them are environmentally hazardous objects.

The production activities of drilling enterprises in the oil and gas complex have a significant technogenic load on the environment, causing complex environmental consequences that cause pathological deviations in the health of the population of adjacent cities and towns, including in the Nogliki region.

In places where oil and gas wells are drilled, soil, water and air pollution is observed, leading to a disruption of the natural ecological balance. Issues of neutralization and disposal of drilling waste are of priority importance in the environmental policy of industry enterprises. The solution to this problem is possible only within the framework of the creation of environmentally friendly technologies and well construction techniques.

A difficult problem is the disposal and disposal of waste drilling fluids and drill cuttings (drill rock).

The main environmental problem when drilling wells is associated with the use of drilling fluid, which consists of oil, mineral additives and bentonite (clay powder). There are three ways to dispose of spent drilling fluid in the world: dumping it into the sea, pumping it into the reservoir, and transporting it ashore for disposal. Leading Russian research institutes and organizations are working on assessing these alternatives from the point of view of environmental safety.

Currently, technological solutions have been developed for the reuse of spent drilling fluids when drilling wells, their use together with drill cuttings as secondary raw materials in the production of coarse building ceramics, as well as the regeneration of active components (obtaining clay powder, isolating a weighting agent). But so far these disposal methods have not found support on Sakhalin. It is economically profitable and practically accessible to neutralize these wastes using the method of disposal, followed by burial in mineral soil, directly on the territory of the drilling site. At the same time, the process of eliminating sludge pits and land reclamation is greatly simplified.

On Sakhalin, one of the most serious problems has been the pollution of landscapes during the exploration and development of oil and gas fields. The accumulation of drilling waste in a limited area, the technology for disposal of which is not yet available, leads to soil salinization and contamination with oil products and heavy metals. The most toxic to soil microflora are chromium compounds, sodium and potassium hydroxides and carbonates, and chlorine compounds. In soils near a borehole, the barium content increases by 20 times, vanadium by 16 times, and lead by 6-7 times.

3. Problem situation “Sources of clean fresh water in Nogliki”

Cl. supervisor. Yes, everything in nature is interconnected, this relationship is studied by the science of ecology. Give examples of such relationships in our village?

Sample answers from children:

1.The production activities of drilling enterprises in the oil and gas complex have a significant anthropogenic load on the environment.

2. On Sakhalin, one of the most serious problems was the pollution of landscapes during the exploration and development of oil and gas fields.

3. A difficult problem is the disposal and disposal of waste drilling fluids and drill cuttings (drill rock).

4. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. “Biologists”

It has already been proven that genetic information transmitted to subsequent generations by a living cell can be distorted and disrupted under the influence of so-called “mutants”. These include radiation, active chemicals, toxic chemicals, pesticides, and some metals.

Pathological signs of the body are the result of the interaction of hereditary (internal) and environmental (external) factors. One of the most important reasons Hereditary human pathologies are mutational variability (induced mutagenesis).

In the Nogliki region, among newborns, the number of children with congenital hereditary anomalies (when recalculating the incidence of children with hereditary anomalies per 1000 healthy newborns) is 0.219 ± 0.036, and the same figure only among children in the first year of life is 0.742 ± 0.123. Probably one of the reasons for the occurrence of hereditary anomalies in the Nogliki region is: the unfavorable ecological situation in the village of Nogliki, associated with environmental pollution during oil and gas production, as well as the reason that in the north of the island among the population of northern peoples living in remote villages ( Val, Tungor, Mgachi, Dagi, Sabo), as a result of crossing, recessive genes carrying hereditary anomalies are eliminated, and the number of homozygous organisms for these abnormal characteristics increases.

The total number of people with cancer pathologies in the period from 1997 to 2005. in the Nogliki region shown on the graph (Fig. 1) increases. Data analysis showed that the number of people with cancer is increasing every year. So, if in 1997 only 32 people were identified, then in 2005 this figure was already 73 people.

Actual data on various nosological units of cancer diseases in the population of Nogliki are shown in Figure 2. In general, it is important to note that in first place in the number of cases are people with breast cancer (38% of the total number of analyzed symptoms), in second place are those of the uterine body (16%), in third place are those of the lung (14%). Further, in descending order, oncological diseases were as follows: stomach cancer (10%), intestinal cancer (8%), ovarian cancer (7%) and skin melanoma (7%).

Fig.1.
Total number of people with cancer pathologies in the Nogliki region (1997-2005):
1 – 1997, 2 -1998, 3 – 1999, 4 – 2000, 5 – 2001, 6 – 2002, 7 – 2003, 8 – 2004, 9 – 2005

Fig.2.
Factual data on various disease entities
oncological diseases of the population of Nogliki

For centuries, everything has been dumped into the seas and oceans without any restrictions, including radioactive waste. Numerous accidents of oil tankers lead to the death of fish, crabs, and seabirds.

5. Conversation with students “Environmental pollution.”

Key manager What environmental lesson does environmental pollution bring?

Sample answers from children:

1. Numerous oil tanker accidents lead to the death of fish, crabs, and seabirds.

2. The reasons for the occurrence of hereditary anomalies in the Nogliki region are: unfavorable ecological situation in Nogliki, associated with environmental pollution.

3. Increase in human disease.

The facts presented are alarming.
And only nature gasps...
Spring! The streams do not stop:
Streams in a riot - here and there.
And they flow into our lake
And fertilizers and fuel oil.
The whole coast became like a landfill -
What, what is not here:
Scraps, old washcloths,
Scraps of books and newspapers...
Those landfills are growing year by year
Along the banks of lakes and rivers,
And Nature laments:
- Why all this, Man?!
I'm walking through the taiga valley...
And again - bitter words:
The tops of the pines have dried up,
The leaves fell from the birches,
There are black sores on the grass -
Trouble everywhere you look...
And the huntsman explained to me with relish:
- And what? Acid rain...
...The forest cried, as if in bad weather,
The creaking complaint of cripples,
And I heard the groan of Nature:
What have you done, Man?!
Once on a tourist voyage
I wanted to swim.
But I took a walk near the beach
And, believe me, I didn’t dare take off my clothes.
The water smelled like poison -
The smells came in waves.
Not the sea - a gutter
They splashed quietly in front of me.
Factories smoked in the distance,
Our cosmic age was noisy.
But the crown of Nature was sad -
Her creation is Man.
Our mind has become Nature's yoke!
Wouldn't it suddenly happen like this?
What do we care about the Red Book?
Is it just a step away?
From thermonuclear reactions
And from chemical innovations
More than once the thread of posterity was torn.
Wave of monstrous mutations
Threatens to flood the planet.
Everything can be, everything can happen...
The question is blunt: to be or not to be?
Nobody has that question for us
And he won’t think to decide.
Meanwhile, hour after hour
We continue to do evil.
And now there are no forest reserves,
You can no longer drink in the river.
Rockets hit the sky
Disturbing our peaceful overnight stay,
And Nature just gasps:
- Are you my son, Man?
V. Glebov

6. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. “Medical worker.”

The environmental situation in our country is also not encouraging and makes everyone think. What impact does the environment have on people's health?

Air pollution is 43-45% responsible for deteriorating public health. The quality of drinking water also affects your health. On Sakhalin, environmental monitoring is carried out by a single service - the Sakhalin Territorial Administration for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. Control over the state of the natural environment is carried out by the State Environmental Committee for the Sakhalin Region and the Sakhalin Committee of Natural Resources.

The direct influence of chemical pollution on the occurrence of diseases of the central nervous system, hepatitis, toxicosis during pregnancy, an increase in stillborn children and congenital anomalies.

Bacterial and viral pollution of Russian rivers creates a constant danger of epidemiological outbreaks of intestinal infections. In many regions of our country, there is an excess of the permissible level of pesticides in the soil, which leads to the incidence of anemia and tuberculosis in children.

Scientists have registered an increase in overall mortality by 17-24%.

Many plants and animal organisms become accumulators of metals and persistent chemical compounds, their consumption is dangerous to health.

Changing the environment most directly affects human health, his biology, and all living things. Reckless human activity in relation to nature has brought 1,000 vertebrate species to the brink of extinction. The Red Book includes: 115 species of animals, 25% of birds and 44% of animals that are on the verge of extinction. 118 species of mammals and 127 species of birds have already disappeared from the face of the Earth. 35 million people live in the environmental disaster zone in Russia. Accidents and natural disasters (drought, floods, earthquakes...) cause enormous damage to nature.

7. Ecological raid. “What laws have been violated?”

Classroom teacher. Now we will conduct a raid through the streets of our village and see whether its residents comply with environmental laws?

Sample answers from children:

1. Air pollution is man's fault. (transport, production.)
2. Many plants and animal organisms become accumulators of metals and persistent chemical compounds; their consumption is dangerous.
3. Reckless human activity in relation to nature has brought plants and animals to the brink of extinction.

8. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. "Economist".

What can each of us do to preserve nature? First of all, it is necessary to create safe technologies, treatment facilities, we also need hospitals with modern equipment... This requires huge funds. There aren't enough of them yet. It is necessary to learn how to respect natural resources and communities.

According to scientists, it takes 2000 years for a layer of soil 5 cm thick to form in nature. This greatest wealth was created over centuries, millennia. We must cherish it and protect it from destructive consequences.

9. Speeches by students with information on the topic of the class hour. "Student".

What exactly can every schoolchild do to preserve nature? Follow the rules of behavior in the forest and on the banks of water bodies! Follow the rules for collecting forest products: mushrooms, medicinal plants. Take care of our smaller brothers: ants, birds, hedgehogs. Decorate cities and villages in green.

So, protecting nature concerns us all. We all breathe the same air of the Earth, drink water and eat bread, the molecules of which continuously participate in the endless cycle of substances. And we ourselves are thinking particles of Nature. This places a huge responsibility for its safety on each of us, each and every one without exception. Each of us can and must contribute to the fight for the preservation of Nature, and therefore life on Earth.

10. Work in groups. “Appeal on behalf of Nature.”

Classroom teacher. Today we learned the laws of ecology. Unfortunately, many do not know these laws and pollute the Earth, disturbing the fragile ecological balance in nature. And if Nature could speak, what would she say to her children? Let's write appeal letters on behalf of nature.

• The first group will write an appeal to businessmen, owners of plants and factories.
• The second group will write to the military.
• The third group will prepare an appeal to scientists.
• The fourth group will address farmers and peasants.
• The fifth group will write to sailors and fishermen.
• The sixth group will write a letter to the students of our school.

The music is turned on, and for 5 minutes the children write appeals.

Representatives of the groups come to the board and read the appeals.

Thank you, I hope your words will be heard.

Take care of the Earth!
Take care
Lark at the blue zenith,
Butterfly on dodder leaves,
There are sun glares on the path...
Take care of young shoots
On green nature festival,
The sky in the stars, the ocean and land
And a soul that believes in immortality, -
All destinies are connected by threads.
Take care of the Earth!
Take care...
M. Dudin

Listening to an audio recording of the song “Birches” (music by I. Matvienko, words by M. Andreev - from the television series “Plot”, Spanish group “Lyube” and S. Bezrukov).

Summarizing conversation on the topic of the class hour.

Bibliography.

1. Alekseev V.A. (ed). 1990. Forest ecosystems and atmospheric pollution. The science. L. 200 pp. Alekseev S.V., Yanushanets O.I.

2. Ecological problems protection of water resources. Chvertkin N.S., Ryazantseva A.V., Zalomnova O.N., Lukashina G.V.

3. Evaluation negative impact repair companies Vehicle on the environment Gaponyuk N.A.

4. Hygienic assessment of environmental factors. Gaponyuk N.A.

5. Environmental management: textbook. allowance Zalomnova O.N., Rezchikov E.A. M.

6.. Ecology: textbook. allowance Rezchikov E.A., Zalomnova O.N. M.

The presentation is devoted to the relationship between man and the world around him. How a person can have a negative impact on such a fragile and defenseless world around him. All this is demonstrated in photographs and poetry. The material is designed for an environmental class hour.

Download:

Preview:

To use presentation previews, create an account for yourself ( account) Google and log in: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

It is impossible to allow people to direct to their destruction those forces of nature that they were able to discover and conquer. F. Joliot-Curie

How beautiful this world is LOOK

What is ecology? The science that studies the relationships between animals and plant organisms among themselves and with the environment, as well as the impact human activity on the environment. in Greek: “ekos” - 2nd house”; “logos” - teaching, science.

“Laws of Ecology” Everything is connected to everything Everything has to go somewhere Nothing is given for nothing Nature knows best They were formulated by the American scientist Barry Commoner.

R. Rozhdestvensky Airfields, piers and platforms, Forests without birds and land without water... There is less and less of the surrounding nature. More and more - the environment.

Pollution is the process of negative modification of the environment - air, water, soil - through its intoxication with substances that threaten the life of living organisms.

I pray that the Planet is alive, that frosts in winter and spring bloom, that the nightingale trill rings in the forest, and that April comes to us with the arrival of geese. To run barefoot on the grass in the summer, And to fly somersaults on a sled in the winter, To greet the sunrises and see off the sunset, And count the stars in the night sky with a friend. People of the world, wake up, look around! From green the Planet suddenly became black. The sky is in terrible smoke, the earth is on fire, Floods and downpours are washing away the fields. Everything! Nature is tired in this dark age of fighting your outrages, man. What are we doing, people, what are we doing? What can we leave to our descendants? Poem by 6th grade student Lupu Daniil