Military aircraft of the Russian Air Force and the world watch videos, photos, pictures. Mine and torpedo aircraft weapons

The history of military aviation began almost immediately after the first flight of the American Wright brothers' aircraft, which took place in 1903 - within a few years, the military of most armies around the world realized that the aircraft could become an excellent weapon. With the outbreak of the First World War combat aviation as a branch of the military it was already quite a serious force - first reconnaissance aircraft were used, which made it possible to obtain complete and operational data on the movements of enemy troops, followed by bombers, first improvised, and then specially built, that took to the skies. Finally, fighter aircraft were created to counter enemy aircraft. Air aces appeared, about whose successes films were made and newspapers wrote with admiration. Soon the navy also acquired its own air force - naval aviation was born, and the first air transports and aircraft carriers began to be built.

Military aviation truly showed itself to be one of the main branches of the military with the beginning of the Second World War. Luftwaffe bombers and fighters became one of the main instruments of the German blitzkrieg, which predetermined the successes of Germany in the first years of the war on all fronts, and Japanese naval aviation as the main striking force navy The attack on Pearl Harbor set the course of hostilities in Pacific Ocean. British fighter aircraft were the decisive factor in preventing an invasion of the islands, and Allied strategic bombers brought Germany and Japan to the brink of disaster. Soviet attack aircraft became a legend of the Soviet-German front.
Not a single modern armed conflict can survive without military aviation. Thus, even in the event of the slightest tension, military transport aircraft carry out the transfer of military equipment and manpower, and army aviation, armed attack helicopters, provides support to ground troops. Modern aviation technology is developing in several directions. UAVs are becoming more and more widely used aircrafts, who, like 100 years ago, first became reconnaissance officers, and now increasingly carry out strike missions, demonstrating spectacular training and combat firing. However, so far drones are not able to completely replace traditional manned ones. combat aircraft, the design emphasis of which these days is on reducing radar signature, increasing maneuverability and the ability to fly at supersonic cruising speed. However, the situation is changing so rapidly that only the most daring science fiction writers can predict in which direction military aviation will develop in the coming years.
On the Warspot portal you can always read articles and news on aviation topics, watch videos or photo reviews on the history of military aviation from its very origins to the present - about airplanes and helicopters, combat use air force, about pilots and aircraft designers, about auxiliary military equipment and equipment used in the Air Force different armies peace.

The latest best military aircraft of the Russian Air Force and the world photos, pictures, videos about the value of a fighter aircraft as weapon capable of ensuring “air supremacy” was recognized by the military circles of all states by the spring of 1916. This required the creation of a combat special aircraft, superior to all others in speed, maneuverability, height and use of offensive weapons small arms. In November 1915, Nieuport II Webe biplanes arrived at the front. This was the first aircraft built in France that was intended for air combat.

The most modern domestic military aircraft in Russia and the world owe their appearance to the popularization and development of aviation in Russia, which was facilitated by the flights of Russian pilots M. Efimov, N. Popov, G. Alekhnovich, A. Shiukov, B. Rossiysky, S. Utochkin. The first domestic cars of designers J. Gakkel, I. Sikorsky, D. Grigorovich, V. Slesarev, I. Steglau began to appear. In 1913, the Russian Knight heavy aircraft made its first flight. But one cannot help but recall the first creator of the aircraft in the world - Captain 1st Rank Alexander Fedorovich Mozhaisky.

Soviet military aircraft of the USSR Great Patriotic War sought to hit enemy troops, his communications and other targets in the rear with air strikes, which led to the creation of bomber aircraft capable of carrying a large bomb load over considerable distances. The variety of combat missions to bomb enemy forces in the tactical and operational depth of the fronts led to the understanding of the fact that their implementation must be commensurate with the tactical and technical capabilities of a particular aircraft. Therefore, the design teams had to resolve the issue of specialization of bomber aircraft, which led to the emergence of several classes of these machines.

Types and classification, latest models military aircraft of Russia and the world. It was obvious that it would take time to create a specialized fighter aircraft, so the first step in this direction was an attempt to arm existing aircraft with small offensive weapons. Mobile machine gun mounts, which began to be equipped with aircraft, required excessive efforts from pilots, since controlling the machine in maneuverable combat and simultaneously firing from unstable weapons reduced the effectiveness of shooting. The use of a two-seater aircraft as a fighter, where one of the crew members served as a gunner, also created certain problems, because the increase in weight and drag of the machine led to a decrease in its flight qualities.

What types of planes are there? In our years, aviation has made a big qualitative leap, expressed in a significant increase in flight speed. This was facilitated by progress in the field of aerodynamics, the creation of new, more powerful engines, structural materials, and electronic equipment. computerization of calculation methods, etc. Supersonic speeds have become the main flight modes of fighter aircraft. However, the race for speed also had its negative sides - the takeoff and landing characteristics and maneuverability of the aircraft sharply deteriorated. During these years, the level of aircraft construction reached such a level that it became possible to begin creating aircraft with variable sweep wings.

For Russian combat aircraft, in order to further increase the flight speeds of jet fighters exceeding the speed of sound, it was necessary to increase their power supply, increase the specific characteristics of turbojet engines, and also improve the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft. For this purpose, engines with an axial compressor were developed, which had smaller frontal dimensions, higher efficiency and better weight characteristics. To significantly increase thrust, and therefore flight speed, afterburners were introduced into the engine design. Improving the aerodynamic shapes of aircraft consisted of using wings and tail surfaces with large sweep angles (in the transition to thin delta wings), as well as supersonic air intakes.

Any state at all times needed loyal people who would be ready to come to its defense at any moment. After all, humanity throughout its history has used violence to conquer the weaker. Therefore, military art has become an integral activity in every state. In this case, it should be noted that people engaged in such crafts have always enjoyed honor and respect in society. This fact is not surprising, because they have always been at risk. The work of such people involved performing dangerous tasks. Today, the essence of military craft has changed somewhat. However, the status of military personnel remains the same. This sector of human activity is highly developed in many modern states. If we talk specifically about the Russian Federation, then this country has one of the most combat-ready armies in the whole world. The armed forces consist of several staffed by professionals. Against the background of the entire structure Russian army military aviation stands out. This sector of the armed forces plays a significant role. At the same time, the majority of citizens of the Russian Federation strive to serve in the aviation industry, which determines the existence of many educational institutions that produce specialists in this field.

Air force concept

Missions of military aviation

Any department combat type exists to perform specific tasks. Modern Russian military aviation is no exception in this case. This functional element of the armed forces is entrusted with a large number of various areas of activity. Considering this fact, we can highlight the most pressing tasks of Russian military aviation, for example:

• protection of airspace over the territory of the state;
• defeating enemy personnel from the air;
• transportation of personnel, weapons, provisions;
• conducting reconnaissance activities;
• defeat of the enemy air fleet;
• combat assistance to ground forces.

It should be noted that modern Russian military aviation is constantly evolving. This leads to the expansion of its functional tasks. In addition, current legislation may impose other responsibilities on aviation.

Aviation combat strength

The new military aviation of Russia, that is, the formation of an independent Russian Federation, is presented big amount various techniques. Today, this sector of the armed forces includes various technical specifications aircrafts. All of them are suitable for performing combat missions of any kind and complexity. It should be noted that the military aviation equipment belongs to the domestic manufacturer in full. Thus, the following devices are used in military aviation activities:

There is also a sector special aviation, which includes devices used to implement atypical tasks. This includes tanker aircraft, air command posts, reconnaissance aircraft, and aviation complexes guidance and radio detection.

Future-proof innovations

The armament of a state is effective only if it is constantly developing. To do this, it is necessary to invent new technologies that will help accomplish the tasks of the military sector. There are several innovative developments in the aviation sector today. For example, the genus of fighters will soon be replenished with new aircraft of the 5th and 4th generations, which include the T-50 (PAK FA) and MiG-35. Transport aviation has not been left out. Soon, new aircraft will appear in the fleet of this type of aircraft: Il-112 and 214.

Training in the relevant sector

You should be aware of the fact that Russian military aviation consists not only of aircraft, but also of people, personnel who directly perform the functional tasks of the represented sphere of the armed forces. Therefore, the availability of qualified personnel is simply necessary. To train specialists in this field, Russian military aviation schools operate in our state. Such educational institutions train qualified professionals for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Qualities required for admission to specialized educational institutions

Aviation schools of Russian military aviation are special places of education. In other words, to enter an institution of this kind, a person must have a number of certain qualities. First of all, you need to have excellent health. After all, flying aircraft involves heavy loads on the body. Therefore, any deviations from the norm will put an end to the pilot’s career. In addition, those wishing to become pilots must possess the following characterizing aspects:

• have high level academic performance in general education subjects;
• have high stress resistance;
• a person must be ready for team work;

In this case, all the presented moments are not inherent to all people. However, the military sphere is a rather specific type of activity that requires employees with a special character. If a person is in future profession If he is attracted only by the uniform of a Russian military aviation pilot, then he clearly should not work in this field.

List of schools

For everyone who wishes to join the ranks of military aviation professionals of the Russian Federation, special educational establishments. It should be noted that in order to enter such places, you must have all the personal qualities listed above, pass a competition and a series of test exams. Every year, the requirements for applicants to specific military aviation educational institutions change. As for the choice of a particular university, it is quite large. Today the following specialized schools operate in Russia:

Thus, everyone who wants to connect their life with flying in the sky can safely enter the presented educational institutions, which will subsequently give them the opportunity to do what they love.

Conclusion

Thus, in the Russian Federation today the flight sector of the armed forces is quite well developed, which is supported by the corresponding photos. Military aviation Russia is experiencing a moment of technical evolution. This means that in a few years we will see completely new aircraft in the sky. In addition, the state spares no expense in training specialists in the relevant field of military art.

Russian supersonic strategic bomber Tu-160. Armed with cruise missiles capable of hitting targets at a distance of more than five thousand kilometers

The idea of ​​using aircraft on the battlefield arose long before the first airplanes designed by the Wright brothers took to the air. The subsequent development of military aviation was unusually rapid, and to this day airplanes and helicopters have become a formidable weapon in the hands of commanders, second in power only to nuclear missile forces. Without dominance in the sky, achieving victory on earth is incredibly difficult, and often impossible. Aviation is capable of detecting and destroying any target; it is difficult to hide from it and even more difficult to defend against.

What is military aviation?

Modern air forces include special troops and services, as well as a rather complex set of technical means, varied in their intended purpose, that can be used to solve attack, reconnaissance, transport and some other tasks.

The main part of this complex is the following types of aviation:

1. Strategic;
2. Frontline;
3. Sanitary;
4. Transport.

Additional aviation units are also included in the air defense forces, navy and ground forces.

History of the creation of military aviation

Sikorsky's Ilya Muromets aircraft is the world's first four-engine bomber

The first airplanes for a long time used almost exclusively for entertainment and sporting purposes. But already in 1911, during the armed conflict between Italy and Turkey, aircraft were used in the interests of the army. At first these were reconnaissance flights, the first of which took place on October 23, and already on November 1, the Italian pilot Gavoti used weapons on ground targets, dropping several ordinary hand grenades on them.

By the beginning of the First World War, the great powers had acquired air fleets. They consisted mainly of reconnaissance airplanes. There were no fighters at all, and only Russia had bombers - these were the famous Ilya Muromets aircraft. Unfortunately, to establish a full-fledged serial production these machines never succeeded, so they total did not exceed 80 copies. Meanwhile, Germany produced hundreds of its own bombers in the second half of the war.

In February 1915, the world's first fighter aircraft, created by the French pilot Roland Garros, appeared on the Western Front. The device he invented for shooting through air propeller was quite primitive, although it worked; however, already in May of the same year, the Germans put into operation their own fighters, equipped with a full-fledged synchronizer. From this point on, air battles became increasingly common.

German fighter Fokker Dr.I. One of these aircraft was used the best ace World War I by Manfred von Richthofen

After the end of World War I, aircraft continued to develop rapidly, increasing their speed, range and payload. At the same time, the so-called “Douay Doctrine” appeared, named after its author, an Italian general, who believed that victory in the war could only be achieved through aerial bombing, methodically destroying the enemy’s defense and industrial potential, undermining his morale and will. to resistance.

As subsequent events showed, this theory does not always justify itself, but it was it that largely determined the subsequent directions of development of military aviation throughout the world. The most notable attempt to put the Douay Doctrine into practice was the strategic bombing of Germany during World War II. As a result, military aviation made a huge contribution to the subsequent defeat of the “Third Reich”, however, it was still not possible to do without the active actions of the ground forces.

Armadas of long-range bombers were considered the main strike instrument in the post-war period. It was in those years that jet aircraft appeared, which largely changed the very idea of ​​​​military aviation. Huge “flying fortresses” became just a convenient target for the Soviet high-speed and well-armed MiGs.

B-29 - American strategic bomber of the 40s, the first carrier of nuclear weapons

This meant that bombers also had to become jet-powered, which soon happened. During these years, aircraft became increasingly complex. If during World War II only one aircraft technician was involved in servicing the fighter, then in subsequent years it was necessary to attract a whole team of specialists.

During the Vietnam War, multi-role aircraft, capable of striking ground targets as well as air combat, came to the fore. This was the American F-4 Phantom, which to some extent became a source of inspiration for the Soviet designers who developed the MiG-23. At the same time, the conflict in Vietnam Once again showed that bombing alone, even the most intense, is not enough for victory: combat aviation, without the help of ground forces, is capable of forcing surrender only to a morally broken enemy, prepared in advance for defeat.

In the 70-80s of the last century, fourth-generation fighters appeared in the skies. They differed from their predecessors not only in flight characteristics, but also in the composition of their weapons. The use of high-precision weapons has once again changed the face of air warfare: there has been a transition from massive airstrikes to “targeted” ones.

Su-27 (left) and F-15 – best fighters 80s of the last century

Today, the main direction of development of military aviation has become the intensive use of drones, both reconnaissance and strike, as well as the creation of stealth multi-purpose aircraft, such as the American F-35 or Russian Su-57.

Purpose of military aviation

List of main tasks that are solved with the help of military aircraft and helicopters:

1. Conducting all types of aerial reconnaissance;
2. Artillery fire adjustment;
3. Destruction of ground, sea, air and space targets, small and large, stationary and mobile, area and point;
4. Mining of areas;
5. Protection of airspace and ground forces;
6. Transportation and landing of troops;
7. Delivery of various military cargo and equipment;
8. Evacuation of the wounded and sick;
9. Conducting campaign events;
10. Inspection of the area, detection of radiation, chemical and bacteriological contamination.

Thus, military aviation can bring enormous benefits, of course, provided that it is used correctly.

Military aviation equipment

During the First World War, attack airships (Zeppelins) were actively used, however, today there is nothing like this in the Air Force. All equipment used is airplanes (airplanes) and helicopters.

Aircraft

The breadth of the range of tasks solved with the help of aviation forces the Air Force to include vehicles from several different types. Each of them has its own purpose.

F-111 - American front-line bomber with variable sweep wings

Combat aircraft

This type of aviation includes:

1. Fighters. Their main purpose is to destroy enemy aircraft and gain air superiority, local or complete. All other tasks are secondary. Armament – ​​guided air-to-air missiles, automatic cannons;
2. Bombers. Can be front-line or strategic. They are used mainly for attacks on ground targets. Armament - air-to-surface missiles (including unguided ones), free-falling, gliding and guided bombs, as well as torpedoes (for anti-submarine aircraft);
3. Stormtroopers. Used primarily for direct support of troops on the battlefield;
4. Fighter-bombers are aircraft capable of attacking ground targets and conducting air battle. All modern fighters are like this to some extent.

Strategic bombers differ significantly from other combat aircraft in their weapons complex, which includes cruise missiles long range.

Reconnaissance and air surveillance aircraft

In principle, “regular” fighters or bombers equipped with the necessary equipment can be used to solve reconnaissance tasks. An example is the MiG-25R. But there is also specialized equipment. These are, in particular, the American U-2 and SR-71, and the Soviet An-30.

High-speed reconnaissance aircraft SR-71 Blackbird

Long-range radar detection aircraft - the Russian A-50 (created on the basis of the Il-76), and the American E-3 Sentry - also fall into this category. Such machines are capable of conducting deep radio reconnaissance, however, they are not secretive, since they are a source of powerful electromagnetic radiation. Such reconnaissance aircraft as the Il-20, which are mainly engaged in radio interception, behave much more “modestly”.

Transport aircraft

This type of aircraft is used to transport troops and equipment. Some models of machines included in the transport aviation, are adapted for landing - both conventional and parachuteless, carried out from extremely low altitudes.

Most often used in the Russian army military transport aircraft Il-76 and An-26. If it is necessary to deliver cargo of significant weight or volume, heavy An-124s can be used. Of the American military aircraft for a similar purpose, the most famous are the C-5 Galaxy and C-130 Hercules.

Il-76 is the main aircraft of Russian military transport aviation

Training aircraft

Becoming a military pilot is quite difficult. The hardest thing is to gain real skills that cannot be replaced by virtual flights on a simulator or deep study of theory. To solve this problem, training aviation is used. Such aircraft can be either specialized machines or variants of combat aircraft.

For example, the Su-27UB, although used for pilot training, can be used as a full-fledged fighter. At the same time, the Yak-130 or the British BAE Hawk are specialized training aircraft. In some cases, even such models can be used as light attack aircraft to strike ground targets. This usually happens “due to poverty”, in the absence of full-fledged combat aircraft.

Helicopters

Although rotary-wing aircraft were used to a limited extent already during the Second World War, after the end of hostilities, interest in “helicopters” noticeably decreased. It soon became clear that this was a mistake, and today helicopters are used in the armies of various countries around the world.

Transport helicopters

Conventional airplanes cannot take off and land vertically, which somewhat narrows their scope of application. Helicopters initially had this property, which made them a very attractive means for delivering goods and transporting people. The first full-fledged “debut” of such machines took place during the Korean War. The US Army, using helicopters, evacuated the wounded directly from the battlefield, delivered ammunition and equipment to the soldiers, and created problems for the enemy by landing small armed detachments in his rear.

V-22 Osprey is one of the most unusual examples of rotorcraft

Today the most typical transport helicopter in the Russian army is the Mi-8. The huge heavy Mi-26 is also used. The US military operates the UH-60 Blackhawk, CH-47 Chinook, and the V-22 Osprey.

Attack helicopters

The first rotary-wing vehicle, created specifically to engage ground targets and provide direct fire support to its own troops, appeared in the United States in the 60s. It was a UH-1 Cobra helicopter, some modifications of which are still used by the US military today. The functions of these machines to some extent overlap with the tasks of attack aircraft.

In the 70s attack helicopters were considered perhaps the most effective anti-tank weapon. This became possible thanks to new types of guided aircraft missiles, such as the American TOW and Hellfire, as well as the Soviet Phalanx, Attack and Vikhryam. A little bit later combat helicopters were additionally equipped with air-to-air missiles.

The most “brutal” combat helicopter in the world - the Mi-24 - is capable of not only striking ground targets, but also transporting paratroopers

Most famous cars this class are Mi-24, Ka-52, AH-64 Apache.

Reconnaissance helicopters

In Soviet and then Russian army aviation reconnaissance tasks were usually assigned not to specialized, but to conventional combat or transport helicopters. The USA took a different path and developed the OH-58 Kiowa. The equipment placed on board this machine allows you to confidently detect and recognize various purposes at a great distance. The weakness of the helicopter is its poor security, which sometimes led to losses.

Of the Russian models, the Ka-52 has the most advanced reconnaissance equipment, which allows this vehicle to be used as a kind of “gunner”.

UAV

Over the past decades, the importance of unmanned aerial vehicles has grown significantly. Drones make it possible to conduct reconnaissance and even launch surprise attacks on targets while remaining invulnerable. They are not only difficult to shoot down, but even easy to detect.

Drones are likely to become a priority in aviation development for the foreseeable future. Such machines will, in particular, be used as assistants for the most modern tanks and fifth generation fighters. Over time, they may completely replace manned combat aircraft.

Promising Russian UAV "Okhotnik"

Air defense

To solve problems air defense Both conventional front-line fighters and specialized interceptors can be used. Special attention such aircraft were given priority in the USSR, since American strategic bombers had long been considered the No. 1 threat.

The most famous air defense aircraft were the Soviet MiG-25 and MiG-31 interceptors. These are relatively low-maneuverable aircraft, but they are capable of quickly accelerating to speeds of more than 3,000 kilometers per hour.

Of the American fighters with a similar purpose, the F-14 Tomcat is the most famous. This carrier-based aircraft was the sole carrier of the long-range AIM-54 Phoenix missile and was used to protect carrier strike groups from air attack.

MiG-25 interceptor on takeoff. Taking advantage of their record speed, such aircraft successfully evaded dozens of air-to-air missiles fired at them.

In recent decades, aviation technology has not been developing as rapidly as it was previously. Fighters such as the F-15, F-16, F/A-18 and Su-27 continue to dominate the air force different countries, although these machines first took to the air back in the 70-80s of the last century. Of course, this does not mean that progress has stopped. The composition of weapons is changing, on-board electronics are being updated, and most importantly, the tactics and strategy for using aviation are being revised, which in the future may become largely unmanned. One thing is clear - no matter what technical staff Air Force, airplanes and helicopters will remain one of the most powerful means achieving victory in any military conflict.

The aviation industry is developing every year. Today, civilian and military pilots use aircraft models of all configurations and varieties. Aircraft amaze with their variety and variations in purpose. Let's briefly study the types of aircraft and their names in order to classify this type of equipment for ourselves.

The world knows several separate criteria by which aviation experts classify various aircraft. One of the important aspects of systematization of technology is the function of the aircraft.. Today they are used by military and civilian vessels. Moreover, each category is divided into special groups.

In addition, it is also known division according to the speed characteristics of the airliner. Here aviators list groups of subsonic, transonic, supersonic and hypersonic models. This section of the classification is based on determining the acceleration of the liner relative to the speed of sound. Aircraft, which today is used for scientific and military purposes, although previously similar models worked for passenger transportation.

If we talk about the control method, we can distinguish two main types - manned aircraft and drones. The second group was used by the military and scientists. Such machines are widely used for space exploration.

Considering the types and purposes of aircraft, aviators will name and classification by design features apparatus. Here we list the differences in the aerodynamic model, the number and type of wing, the shape of the tail, and the structure of the fuselage. The last subgroup also includes varieties that relate to the types and mounting of the chassis.

Finally, they consider and differences in type, number and installation method of engines. They include muscle, steam, air-jet, rocket, nuclear, and electric motors. In addition, ships are equipped with internal combustion engines (piston modifications of power plants) or combine several variations. Of course, in one review it is difficult to consider in detail the complete classification of aircraft, so we will focus on brief description main categories.

Functionality of the equipment

As stated above, airliners are divided into two main groups: aircraft for civil and military aviation. In addition, experimental devices are a separate type here. Each category here involves division into variations according to the type of purpose and functionality of the aircraft. Let's start by studying aircraft that are used for “peaceful” purposes.

Civil aircraft

Let's define in more detail what types of aircraft there are, the names and subtypes of flying modifications. Here aviators are talking about four model options. Let's list the categories like this:

• passenger liners;
• cargo sides;
• training airbuses;
• special purpose aircraft.

Note that modifications for passenger transportation are separately divided into groups that determine the flight range. Here they refer to mainline ships and airliners for local transport.

Aircraft classification

• short-range ones that cover distances of up to 2,000 km;
• medium, capable of flying 4,000 km;
• long-distance, operating flights up to 11,000 km.

In addition, the maximum capacity determines the following criteria for local airliners:

• heavy aircraft with 100 or more seats;
• medium modifications that carry up to 50 people;
• light airliners carrying a maximum of 20 passengers.

Among the examples local airlines Let's list the modifications SAAB , E.R.J. , Dash-8 , ATR . It is interesting that on certain types of airliners of the local category they are equipped power plants different class. Here you can find models with jet engines and aircraft with turboprop engines.

Considering long-haul aircraft, let's name ships familiar to passengers Boeing And Airbus . Boeing aircraft are designed by an American corporation, and Airbus aircraft are designed by a European holding company. Both companies compete with each other, constantly developing and modernizing aircraft. Thus, today the Airbus A380 is considered the heaviest aircraft, although until the release of such a modification, American developments and 747 800 .

The 747 models were the first wide-body aircraft that are still in operation today. In addition, such aircraft are used by the best carriers in Russia and the world.

However, the Europeans are not lagging behind their main competitor. Modifications have gained popularity and recognition among pilots , Airbus A300 And A350 XWB. Model A300- the world's first wide-body aircraft equipped with two engines. As you can see, the possible variations in the classification of airliners cannot be described in one review. But knowing what types of airplanes there are and who created them, the reader will decide on personal preferences and find out the basics of aviation.

Military aviation

Now let's briefly study the typology of courts used by law enforcement agencies. Among these aircraft there are manned airliners and drones, modifications with different types of engines, including rocket engine subtypes. However, we will consider the division of these types according to profile criteria.

Military transport aircraft Il-76

Here, as in the civil classification, there is transport liners transporting personnel. This IL-76,An-12, 26 And 124 . In the USA, these functions are carried by models Boeing C-17, 97 And Douglas YC-15. In addition, the military also uses auxiliary equipment– medical aircraft, communications aircraft, spotters. However, military aircraft developments also use several categories of vehicles that are found only here. Their list is as follows:

As you can see, the category of military aircraft is quite extensive and deserves serious study. We have only briefly described the main criteria for systematizing such a group. However, aviation experts prefer to classify aircraft using comprehensive study, which includes Full description side designs. Let's dwell on this issue.

About design features

Belonging to a specific category of an airliner is determined by five characteristics. Here the designers talk about the number and method of attaching the wings, the type of fuselage, the location of the tail and the type of landing gear. In addition, the quantity, location of fixation and types of motor are important. Let's find out the known variations in the design of the sides.

Differences in design features are an important criterion when classifying airliners

If we consider the classification of the wing, then the airliners are divided into polyplanes, biplanes and monoplanes. Moreover, in the last category there are three more subtypes: low-plane, mid-plane and high-plane sides. This criterion determines the relative position and fixation of the fuselage and wings. As for the typology of the fuselage, aviators distinguish single-fuselage and double-boom modifications. Here you can also find the following varieties: gondola, boat, load-bearing fuselage and combinations of these types.

Aerodynamic performance is an important classification criterion because it affects. Here the designers call the types of normal design, “duck”, “tailless” and “flying wing”. In addition, the “tandem”, “longitudinal triplane” and convertible design are known.

Airliner landing gear is systematized according to the design and method of fixing the supports. These elements are divided into roller, float, tracked, combined types and air-supported landing gear. The engines are installed on the wing or in the fuselage. Moreover, the airliners are equipped with one engine or a large number engines. In addition, the type of power plant also plays a decisive role in systematizing the class of aircraft.

Unmanned aerial vehicles have found application in the scientific and military spheres

Modern aviation has several types of airliners, which are classified according to various criteria
According to their intended purpose, aircraft are divided into civil, military and experimental aircraft.
Aircraft classification
Airbus A380 - a giant in the world of passenger airliners
Boeing aircraft are the main competitor in the field of passenger transportation of the European holding company, which produces Airbuses.