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Ak 74 consists of the following parts. All Kalashnikov assault rifles and their performance characteristics. Common misconceptions about Kalashnikov assault rifles

The Kalashnikov assault rifle is the main type of automatic small arms. It was created by the outstanding Soviet designer M. T. Kalashnikov. The machine has received wide recognition. It is simple in design and has high combat and operational qualities. On the basis of this machine created and put into service Soviet army Kalashnikov light machine gun (RPK) and other models of small arms with the most effective combat properties.

The honor of superiority in the creation of automatic weapons belongs to our Motherland. The world's first automatic pistol - the prototype of an automatic weapon - was designed by the outstanding Russian gunsmith V. G. Fedorov. Huge contribution V. A. Degtyarev and G. S. Shpagin contributed to the development of automatic weapons.

Purpose, combat properties, general device of the machine

The modernized Kalashnikov assault rifle (Fig. 25) is an individual weapon and is designed to destroy enemy manpower. AT hand-to-hand combat a bayonet-knife is attached to the machine.

From the machine is automatic (AB) or single (OD) fire (shooting with single shots). Automatic fire is the main type of fire.

General view of the Kalashnikov assault rifle: a - with a wooden butt (AKM);

b - with a folding butt (AKMS)

The combat properties of the machine are characterized by the data given in the table

Purpose, arrangement of parts and mechanisms of the machine

The machine gun consists of the following main parts and mechanisms: 1-barrel with receiver, sighting device and butt; 2-lids receiver; 3 bayonet-knives; 4-return mechanism; 5- bolt carrier with gas piston; 6-gas tube with handguard; 7-shutter; 8 forearm; 9 store; ten- trigger mechanism. The machine kit includes accessories, a belt and a bag for magazines. The automatic action of the machine is based on the use of the energy of powder gases discharged from the bore to the gas piston of the bolt carrier.

Trunk serves to direct the flight of the Bullet. Inside the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to give the bullet a rotational motion. The gaps between the rifling are called fields, the distance between two opposite fields is called the caliber of the barrel.

In the breech, the bore is smooth, has the shape of a sleeve, this part of the bore is called the chamber. The transition from the chamber to the rifled part of the bore is called the bullet entry.

The communication of the gas chamber with the bore is made through the gas outlet.

Barrel: a - general form; b - breech section; c - section of the trunk; 1 - sight block; 2 - coupling; 3 - gas chamber; 4 - gas outlet; 5 - front sight base; 6 - thread; 7 - chamber; 8 - recess for the barrel stud; 9 - pool entrance; 10 - threaded part; 11 - field; 12 - rifling

Receiverserves to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine, to ensure the closing of the bore by the shutter and the locking of the shutter. A trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver.

Receiver: 1 - transverse groove; 2 - longitudinal groove; 3 - limbs; 4 - guide ledge; 5 - jumper, 6 - reflective protrusion; 7 - cutouts; 8 - store latch

receiver coverprotects parts and mechanisms of the machine placed in the receiver from contamination.

Receiver cover: 1 - hole; 2 - stiffeners; 3 - stepped cutouts

sighting device serves to aim the machine gun when firing at targets at various distances and consists of a sight and a front sight.

The aiming bar has a mane with a slot for aiming and cutouts for holding the yoke in the installed position using a spring latch. On the aiming bar there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 10 and the letter "P". The numbers on the scale indicate the corresponding firing range in hundreds of meters, the letter "P" - the constant setting of the sight, which corresponds to sight 3.

Sighting device: a - sight; b - the base of the front sight; 1 - sight block; 2 - leaf spring; 3 - aiming bar; 4 - clamp; 5 - polozok with a front sight; 6 - fuse fuse

Bolt carrier with gas piston designed to actuate the shutter and trigger mechanism.

Bolt frame with gas piston: 1 - channel for the shutter; 2 - safety ledge; 3 - protrusion for lowering the self-timer lever; 4 - groove for bending the receiver; 5 - handle; 6 - groove for a reflective protrusion; 7 - curly cut; 8 - gas piston

Gateserves to send a cartridge into the chamber, close the bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber.

Shutter: a - shutter frame; b - drummer; in - ejector. 1 - leading ledge; 2 - hole for the ejector axle; 3 - cutout for the ejector; 4 - cutout for the bottom of the sleeve; 5 - combat ledge; 6 - longitudinal groove for a reflective protrusion; 7 - ejector spring; 8 - axis of the ejector; 9 - hairpin

Return mechanismdesigned to return the bolt carrier with the bolt to the forward position

return mechanism. 1 - return spring; 2 - guide rod. 3 - movable rod; 4 - clutch

Gas tube with handguard serves to direct the movement of the gas piston and protect hands from burns when firing.

Gas tube with handguard: 1 - gas tube; 2 - guide ribs for the gas piston; 3 - front coupling; 4 - handguard; 5 - rear coupling; 6 - ledge

Stock and pistol gripprovide the convenience of shooting from a machine gun.

trigger mechanism is designed to release the trigger from the combat cocking or from the self-timer cocking, strike the striker, ensure automatic or single fire, stop firing, prevent shots when the bolt is unlocked and for setting the machine to safety.

The trigger mechanism consists of a trigger with a mainspring, a trigger retarder with a spring, a trigger, a single-fire sear with a spring, a self-timer with a spring and a translator.

The trigger with a mainspring is designed to strike the drummer. The trigger has a combat cocking, self-timer cocking, trunnions and a hole for the axis. The mainspring is put on the trigger trunnions and with its loop acts on the trigger, and with its ends - on the rectangular ledges of the trigger. The trigger retarder is used to slow down the movement of the trigger forward in order to improve the accuracy of combat during automatic fire. The trigger is designed to keep the trigger cocked and to pull the trigger; single fire whisper - to hold the trigger after firing in the rearmost position, if the trigger was not released during single fire. The purpose of the self-timer with a spring is to automatically release the trigger from the self-timer cocking when firing in bursts, as well as to prevent the trigger from being released when the bore is not closed and the bolt is not locked. The translator serves to set the machine to automatic and single fire or to the fuse.

Bayonet: 1 - blade; 2 - cutting edge; 3 - hole; 4 - saw; 5 - hook; 6 - belt; 7 - latch; 8 - safety ledge; 9 - longitudinal groove; 10 - tip screw; 11 - handle; 12 - ring

A scabbard is used to carry a bayonet-knife on a belt. If necessary, they are used together with a bayonet-knife for cutting wire.

Sheath: 1 - pendant with carabiners; 2 - plastic case; 3 - emphasis; 4 - protrusion-axis

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Components of the AK-74 assault rifle

and their purpose of the part

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………

1. 1947 KALASHNIKOV AUTOMATIC………………………………...

2. KALASHNIKOV AK-74 AKS-74 AK-74M (USSR - RUSSIA) ………..

CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………………..

INTRODUCTION

The decision on the need to transfer the main small arms to an intermediate cartridge was made in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. Such a cartridge was created by 1943, and under it, the development of a whole family of small arms was started, including a self-loading carbine (SKS), an assault rifle and a light machine gun (RPD). Several designers and teams were involved in the development of automatic weapons on a competitive basis, and among them was a young sergeant M. T. Kalashnikov, who worked at the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant (IZHMASH). In 1946, Kalashnikov, along with other participants, submitted his own model of an assault rifle to the competition, where he showed good results. For the second stage of the competition, held in 1947, Kalashnikov pretty much redesigned his machine gun, and in a modified form it was recommended for adoption. After initial military trials in 1949, the Kalashnikov assault rifle was officially adopted as the "7.62mm Kalashnikov assault rifle, model 1947", or simply AK (sometimes also referred to as AK-47).

1. 1947 Kalashnikov assault rifle

Creation

One of the myths associated with the AK says that Kalashnikov "copied" the AK from the German MP-43, also known as the Stg.44. Indeed, at first glance, the external layout of the AK and MP-43 is similar, as is the concept of automatic weapons chambered for an intermediate cartridge. Similar outlines of the barrel, front sight and gas outlet tube are due to the use of a similar gas outlet engine (invented long before Schmeisser and Kalashnikov). The disassembly of the AK and MP-43 differs fundamentally: for the AK, the receiver cover is removed, for the MP-43, the trigger box is folded down on the pin along with the fire control handle. The device for locking the barrel is also different (a rotary shutter for AKs against a skewed shutter for the MP-43) and trigger mechanisms. It is likely that Kalashnikov knew about the MP-43, but it is obvious that when creating his machine gun, he was more guided by other well-known samples and systems. The main merit of Kalashnikov (or rather, of his entire team involved in the development and debugging of the machine gun) is precisely the optimal layout of already known and proven solutions into a single sample that meets the set requirements.

early serial version AK with combined stamped/milled receiver

Modified AK arr. 1947 (mid-1950s issue) with a fully milled receiver.

2. KALASHNIKOV AK-74 AKS-74 AK-74M (USSR - RUSSIA)

The development of individual small arms over the past 200 years has been accompanied by a periodic but steady decrease in the caliber of these weapons, associated with the development of technologies in the production of both weapons and ammunition for them. So, by the middle of the 19th century, 0.4 - 0.5 inches (10 - 12.7 mm) was considered a common caliber for long-barreled weapons. In the last twenty years of the 19th century, a transition began to weapons of reduced caliber, usually on the order of 0.3 inches (7.62mm or so, in the 7-8mm range). Already in the first half of the 20th century, repeated attempts were made to further reduce the caliber of weapons to 7 millimeters or less, as well as to reduce the power of regular rifle ammunition, especially after the appearance of automatic weapons. Starting from the Second World War, ammunition of reduced power (intermediate) began to appear in the armies of the world, however, having a standard rifle caliber of 7.62 - 8 mm (German 7.92x33mm, Soviet 7.62x39mm). The Americans were the first to seriously tackle the problem of reducing the caliber of their rifles, adopting in the mid-1960s assault rifle M16A1. Once practical experience Americans confirmed the possibility and usefulness of a further reduction in calibers (theoretically, this need had been repeatedly substantiated before), full-scale work in this direction began in other countries, including the USSR. From the second half of the 1960s, 5.6mm caliber cartridges were developed on the basis of the standard 7.62x39mm cartridge, and by the beginning of the 1970s a new 5.45mm caliber cartridge was developed, which had an elongated bullet with a combined steel and lead core and a cavity in the nose. starting speed bullets was about 900 m / s, total weight cartridge 10.2 grams, 6 grams less than the mass of the cartridge 7.62x39mm (16.2 g), which, with a portable ammunition load of only 8 magazines (240 rounds), saves 1.4 kg in weight. The new cartridge also had a significantly flatter bullet trajectory, which provided a greater range of almost 100 meters for a direct shot. Due to the design features of the bullet, when it hit the body, it should have begun to tumble, inflicting more severe wounds than usual, but according to some reports, this does not always happen.

As the initial weapon for the new cartridge, it was decided to use the Kalashnikov assault rifle and light machine gun already tested and mastered in production and service with the minimum necessary changes, and in the future to develop and adopt more perfect complex weapons under the new cartridge. In 1974, the USSR Armed Forces adopted a 5.45 mm weapon system, consisting of an AK-74 assault rifle (basic version), an AKS-74 assault rifle (version with a folding butt for the Airborne Forces) and light machine gun RPK-74. In the late 1970s, the shortened AKS-74U assault rifle was also adopted.

General view of the Kalashnikov assault rifle: a - with a permanent butt (AK-74); b - with a folding butt and grenade launcher(AKS-74); in - with a folding butt, shortened (AKS-74U)

Being an individual weapon, the Kalashnikov assault rifle is designed to destroy manpower and destroy enemy fire weapons. Automatic or single fire is carried out from the machine gun. Automatic fire is the main type of fire: it is carried out in short (up to 5 shots) and long (up to 15 shots) bursts and continuously. To defeat the enemy in hand-to-hand combat, a bayonet-knife is attached to the machine gun. For shooting and observation at night, a night shooting sight is attached to the machine gun. The machine gun can be used in combination with the GP-25 underbarrel grenade launcher. The Kalashnikov assault rifle has received wide recognition, it is simple in design and has high combat and operational qualities.

The combat properties of the AK-74 assault rifle:

Barrel caliber, mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.45

Sighting range, m. . . . . . . . . . . .1000

The initial speed of the bullet, m / s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900

Bullet lethal range, m. . . . . . . . . . 1350

Combat rate of fire, rds / min:

when shooting bursts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . up to 100

when firing single shots. . . . . . . .up to 40

Rate of fire, rds / min. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .600

Direct shot range, m:

on the chest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440

running figure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625

Magazine capacity, cartridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . thirty

Weight with equipped magazine, kg. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6

Weight of a bayonet-knife with a scabbard, g. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .490

General device. The assault rifle consists of the following main parts and mechanisms: a barrel with a receiver, an aiming device, a butt and a pistol grip; receiver covers; bolt carrier with gas piston; shutter; return mechanism; gas tube with handguard; trigger mechanism; forearm; shop. In addition, the machine has a muzzle brake-compensator and a bayonet-knife. The machine kit includes accessories, a belt and a bag for magazines.

The automatic action of the machine is based on the use of the energy of powder gases discharged from the bore into the gas chamber. When fired, part of the powder gases following the bullet rushes through the hole in the barrel wall into the gas chamber, presses on the front wall of the gas piston and throws the piston and bolt carrier with the bolt into the rear position. When the bolt frame moves back, the bolt is unlocked, with its help the sleeve is removed from the chamber and thrown out, the bolt frame compresses return spring and cocks the trigger.

The main parts and mechanisms of the AK-74 assault rifle: 1 - barrel with receiver, sighting device and butt; 2 - muzzle brake compensator; 3 - receiver cover; 4 - return mechanism; 5 - bolt carrier with a gas piston; 6 - shutter; 7 - gas tube with a handguard; 8 - ramrod; 9 - forearm; 10 - store; 11 - accessory case; 12 - bayonet

The bolt frame with the bolt returns to the forward position under the action of the return mechanism, with the help of the bolt the next cartridge is sent from the magazine to the chamber and the barrel bore is closed, and the bolt frame removes the self-timer sear from under the cocking of the self-timer trigger. The trigger becomes on a combat platoon. The shutter is locked by turning around the longitudinal axis to the right, as a result of which the lugs of the shutter go beyond the lugs of the receiver.

If the translator is set to automatic fire, then the shooting will continue as long as the trigger is pulled and there are cartridges in the magazine.

If the interpreter is set to single fire, then only one shot will fire when the trigger is pulled; to make the next shot, you must release the trigger and pull it again.

Trunkserves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to give the bullet a rotational motion.

Trunk: a - general view; b - section of the trunk; 1 - sight block; 2 - coupling; 3 - gas chamber; 4 - gas outlet; 5 - front sight base; 6 - thread; 7 - field; 8 - rifling

Outside, the barrel has a front sight base with a thread for screwing in a muzzle brake-compensator and bushings for firing blank cartridges, a gas outlet, a gas chamber, a coupling, a sight block and a cutout for the ejector hook on the breech section.

Muzzle brake compensatorserves to increase the accuracy of the battle and reduce the recoil energy. It has two chambers: front and rear (with a round hole in them for the bullet to fly out).

Receiverdesigned to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine, close the bore with a bolt and lock the bolt. A trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver. The top of the box is closed with a lid.

receiver coverprotects parts and mechanisms placed in the receiver from contamination.

sighting deviceserves to aim the machine at a target when firing at various distances and consists of a sight and a front sight. The sight includes a sight block, a lamellar spring, an aiming level and a collar. On the aiming bar of the sight there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 10 and the letter "P". The scale numbers indicate the prescribed firing range in hundreds of meters, and the letter "P" - the permanent installation of the sight, which corresponds to the sight 3. The front sight is screwed into the slide, which is fixed at the base of the front sight.

Stock and pistol gripprovide comfort when shooting.

Bolt carrier with gas pistondesigned to actuate the shutter and trigger mechanism. The shutter serves to send the cartridge into the chamber, close the bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber.

Return mechanismdesigned to return the bolt carrier with the bolt to the forward position.

Gas tube with handguarddirects the movement of the gas piston and protects the submachine gunner's hands from burns when firing.

With the help of the trigger mechanism, the trigger is released from the combat cocking or from the self-timer cocking, strikes the striker, provides automatic or single fire, and stops firing; in addition, it is designed to prevent shots when the shutter is unlocked and to set the machine to safety.

handguardserves for convenience of actions with the machine gun and for protection of hands of the machine gunner from burns.

Scoredesigned to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver.

Bayonet knifeattaches to the machine to defeat the enemy in battle, and can also be used as a knife, saw (for cutting metal) and scissors (for cutting wire). A scabbard is used to carry a bayonet-knife on a belt. If necessary, they are used together with a bayonet-knife for cutting wire.

live cartridgeconsists of a bullet, cartridge case, powder charge and capsule. 5.45mm cartridges are available with regular and tracer bullets. The head of the tracer bullet is painted in green color. To simulate shooting, blank (without a bullet) cartridges are used, which are fired using a special sleeve.

Cartridge: a - cartridge with a bullet with a steel core; b - cartridge with a tracer bullet; c - blank cartridge; g - training cartridge

AK-74M. Most new version, adopted Russian Army in the early 1990s. It differs from the later AK-74s with a side-folding plastic buttstock and a rail for mounting sights on the left side of the receiver.

CONCLUSION

The advantages of AK are known to all. This is exceptional reliability even in the most difficult operating conditions, unpretentious maintenance, ease of use and maintenance, low cost.

In general, the AK can be described as an ideal weapon, which is not surprising - it was created on the basis of a very harsh experience of the Great Patriotic War.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Babak F.K. Fundamentals of small arms / Series: Arsenal. St. Petersburg: Publisher: Polygon, 2003 - 254 p.

2. Blagovestov A. I. That, from which they shoot in the CIS. Handbook of small arms. M.: Harvest, 2004 - 656 p.

3. Volkovsky N. L. Encyclopedia modern weapons and military equipment. M.: AST, Polygon, 2005 - 952 p.

4. Günter Wollert, Rainer Lidshun, Wilfried Copenhagen Small arms today. Illustrated encyclopedia. / Series: Weapons of the XX century. 1945 - 1985. M.: Potpourri, 2003 - 464 p.

5. Zhuk A. B. Encyclopedia of small arms. M.: AST, Ermak, 2004 - 800 p.

6. Hogg Jan. AT., Vicks John FROM. Encyclopedia small weapons. / Military Small Arms of the 20th Century.M.: AST, Astrel, 2005 - 416 p.

Appointment and combat properties. The 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK-74) is the main type of automatic small arms in Armed Forces Republic of Belarus (Fig. 34).

The Kalashnikov assault rifle has received wide recognition, it is simple in design and has high combat and operational qualities.

The combat properties of the Ak-74 assault rifle:

Barrel caliber, mm .............................. 5.45

Sighting range, m............. 1000

Muzzle velocity, m/s ..................900

Bullet lethal range, m ........... 1350

Combat rate of fire, rds / min:

when firing in bursts ................... up to 100

when firing single shots ....... up to 40

Rate of fire, rds / min .................... 600

Direct shot range, m:

on the chest figure .......................... 440

on a running figure .......................... 625

Magazine capacity, cartridges .................30

Weight with equipped magazine, kg .............. 3.6

Weight of a bayonet-knife with a scabbard, g ............... 490

General device. The machine gun consists of the following main parts and mechanisms (Fig. 35): a barrel with a receiver, an aiming device, a butt and a pistol grip; receiver covers; bolt carrier with gas piston; shutter; return mechanism; gas tube with handguard; trigger mechanism; forearm; shop. In addition, the machine has a muzzle brake-compensator and a bayonet-knife. The machine kit includes accessories, a belt and a bag for magazines.

The automatic action of the machine is based on the use of the energy of powder gases discharged from the bore into the gas chamber.

When fired, part of the powder gases following the bullet rushes through the hole in the barrel wall into the gas chamber, presses on the front wall of the gas piston and throws the piston and bolt carrier with the bolt into the rear position.

When the bolt frame moves back, the bolt is unlocked, with its help the sleeve is removed from the chamber and thrown out, the bolt frame compresses the return spring and cocks the trigger.

If the translator is set to automatic fire, then the shooting will continue as long as the trigger is pulled and there are cartridges in the magazine.

If the interpreter is set to single fire, then only one shot will fire when the trigger is pulled; to make the next shot, you must release the trigger and pull it again.

Trunk(Fig. 36) serves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to give the bullet a rotational motion.

Muzzle brake compensator serves to increase the accuracy of the battle and reduce the recoil energy. It has two chambers: front and rear (with a round hole in them for the bullet to fly out).

Receiver designed to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine, close the bore with a bolt and lock the bolt. A trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver. The top of the box is closed with a lid.

receiver cover protects parts and mechanisms placed in the receiver from contamination.

sighting device serves to aim the machine at a target when firing at various distances and consists of a sight and a front sight. The sight includes a sight block, a lamellar spring, an aiming level and a collar. On the aiming bar of the sight there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 10 and the letter "P". The scale numbers indicate the prescribed firing range in hundreds of meters, and the letter “P” indicates the permanent installation of the sight, which corresponds to the sight 3. The front sight is screwed into a slide, which is fixed at the base of the front sight.

Stock and pistol grip provide comfort when shooting.

Bolt carrier with gas piston designed to actuate the shutter and trigger mechanism.

Gate serves to send a cartridge into the chamber, close the bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber.

Return mechanism designed to return the bolt carrier with the bolt to the forward position.

Gas tube with handguard directs the movement of the gas piston and protects the submachine gunner's hands from burns when firing.

By using trigger mechanism the trigger is released from the combat platoon or from the self-timer platoon, strikes the striker, ensures automatic or single fire, and stops firing; in addition, it is designed to prevent shots when the shutter is unlocked and to set the machine to safety.

handguard serves for convenience of actions with the machine gun and for protection of hands of the machine gunner from burns.

Score designed to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver.

Bayonet knife attaches to the machine to defeat the enemy in battle, and can also be used as a knife, saw (for cutting metal) and scissors (for cutting wire). A scabbard is used to carry a bayonet-knife on a belt. If necessary, they are used together with a bayonet-knife for cutting wire.

live cartridge consists of a bullet, cartridge case, powder charge and primer. 5.45 mm cartridges (fig. 37) are produced with ordinary and tracer bullets. The head of the tracer bullet is painted green.

To simulate shooting, blank (without a bullet) cartridges are used, which are fired using a special sleeve.

1. Tell us about the purpose and combat properties of the Kalashnikov assault rifle. 2. Name the main parts and mechanisms of the machine. 3. What is the purpose of the main parts and mechanisms of the machine?

Pre-conscription training: a textbook for grades 10-11. institutions of general avg. education with Russian lang. training / V. B. Varlamov. - 3rd ed., revision. and additional - Minsk: Adukatsiya i vykhavanne, 2012. - 328 p. : ill.

QUESTIONS

ON FIRE PREPARATION:

VUS-093500

Question number 1: "Appointment, performance characteristics and the main parts of the Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK-74)"

Answer:

Kalashnikov assault rifle AK-74 is an individual firearm, automatic small arms and is used to destroy enemy manpower with single fire and a burst at a distance of up to 1000 meters.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AK-74 AUTOMATIC.

MAIN PARTS OF THE KALASHNIKOV AK-74

1. Barrel with receiver and sight, pistol grip and stock.

2. Shop.

3. Pencil case with accessories.

4. Cover of the receiver.

5. Return mechanism.

6. Bolt carrier with gas piston.

7. Shutter.

8. Gas tube with handguard.

10. bayonet

Question number 2: "Appointment, performance characteristics and main parts of the Makarov pistol (PM)"

Answer:

9mm Makarov pistol(Fig. 1) - self-loading pistol compact class. It is an individual weapon of attack and defense and serves to defeat the enemy at short distances.

Rice. 1. General view of the 9mm Makarov pistol

PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

MAIN PARTS OF THE GUN

1. Frame with barrel and trigger guard.

2. Bolt with striker, fuse and ejector .

3. Return spring.

4. Handle with screw.

5. Shutter lag.

6. Shop.

7. Trigger mechanism (trigger, trigger rod with cocking lever, sear with spring, trigger, mainspring, mainspring valve).

Question number 3: "The purpose of the parts and mechanisms of the Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK-74)"

Answer:

Purpose of parts and mechanisms Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK-74).

Trunk- serves to direct the flight of the bullet and give it rotational motion.

Flash hider (muzzle brake-compensator)- serves to reduce the fire effect on the muzzle cut.

gas chamber- serves to direct the powder gases to the gas piston.

Receiver- serves to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine, their interaction, closing the bore with a bolt and locking the bolt.

sighting device- serves to aim the machine at the target.

receiver cover- serves to protect the trigger mechanism from mechanical damage.

Bolt carrier with gas piston- serves to actuate the shutter and trigger mechanism.

Bolt with striker and ejector- serves to send a cartridge into the chamber, lock the bore when fired, eject the spent cartridge case and strike the primer.

Return mechanism- serves to return the bolt carrier with the bolt to the extreme forward position.

Gas tube with handguard- serves to direct the movement of the gas piston and protect hands from burns during firing.

trigger mechanism- serves to pull the trigger from a combat platoon; striking a striker; providing automatic or single fire; stop shooting; prevention of shots when the bore is not locked and the safety is on.

handguard- serves to hold weapons and protect hands from burns.

Score- serves to place and feed cartridges into the receiver.

Trigger- serves to hold the trigger on the cocking and its descent.

fire translator- serves to install the machine on automatic or single fire or on the fuse.

Purpose and combat properties. The 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK-74) is the main type of automatic small arms in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (Fig. 34).

Rice. 34. General view of the Kalashnikov assault rifle: a - with a permanent butt (AK-74); b - with a folding butt and an underbarrel grenade launcher (AKS-74); in - with a folding butt, shortened (AKS-74U)

The combat properties of the AK-74 assault rifle:

Barrel caliber, mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.45
Sighting range, m. . . . . . . . . . . .1000
The initial speed of the bullet, m / s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900
Bullet lethal range, m. . . . . . . . . . 1350

Combat rate of fire, rds / min:

when shooting bursts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . up to 100
when firing single shots. . . . . . . .up to 40
Rate of fire, rds / min. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .600

Direct shot range, m:

on the chest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
running figure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625
Magazine capacity, cartridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . thirty
Weight with equipped magazine, kg. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6
Weight of a bayonet-knife with a scabbard, g. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .490

General device. The machine gun consists of the following main parts and mechanisms (Fig. 35): a barrel with a receiver, an aiming device, a butt and a pistol grip; receiver covers; bolt carrier with gas piston; shutter; return mechanism; gas tube with handguard; trigger mechanism; forearm; shop. In addition, the machine has a muzzle brake-compensator and a bayonet-knife. The machine kit includes accessories, a belt and a bag for magazines.

Rice. 35. The main parts and mechanisms of the AK-74 assault rifle: 1 - barrel with receiver, aiming device and butt; 2 - muzzle brake compensator; 3 - receiver cover; 4 - return mechanism; 5 - bolt carrier with a gas piston; 6 - shutter; 7 - gas tube with a handguard; 8 - ramrod; 9 - forearm; 10 - store; 11 - accessory case; 12 - bayonet

If the translator is set to automatic fire, then the shooting will continue as long as the trigger is pulled and there are cartridges in the magazine.

If the interpreter is set to single fire, then only one shot will fire when the trigger is pulled; to make the next shot, you must release the trigger and pull it again.

(Fig. 36) serves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to give the bullet a rotational motion.

Rice. 36. Trunk: a - general view; b - section of the trunk; 1 - sight block; 2 - coupling; 3 - gas chamber; 4 - gas outlet; 5 - front sight base; 6 - thread; 7 - field; 8 - rifling

Muzzle brake compensator serves to increase the accuracy of the battle and reduce the recoil energy. It has two chambers: front and rear (with a round hole in them for the bullet to fly out).

Receiver designed to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine, close the bore with a bolt and lock the bolt. A trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver. The top of the box is closed with a lid.

receiver cover protects parts and mechanisms placed in the receiver from contamination.

sighting device serves to aim the machine at a target when firing at various distances and consists of a sight and a front sight. The sight includes a sight block, a lamellar spring, an aiming level and a collar. On the aiming bar of the sight there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 10 and the letter "P". The scale numbers indicate the prescribed firing range in hundreds of meters, and the letter "P" - the permanent installation of the sight, which corresponds to the sight 3. The front sight is screwed into the slide, which is fixed at the base of the front sight.

Stock and pistol grip provide comfort when shooting.

Bolt carrier with gas piston designed to actuate the shutter and trigger mechanism. The shutter serves to send the cartridge into the chamber, close the bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber.

Return mechanism designed to return the bolt carrier with the bolt to the forward position.

Gas tube with handguard directs the movement of the gas piston and protects the submachine gunner's hands from burns when firing.

handguard serves for convenience of actions with the machine gun and for protection of hands of the machine gunner from burns.

Score designed to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver.

Bayonet knife attaches to the machine to defeat the enemy in battle, and can also be used as a knife, saw (for cutting metal) and scissors (for cutting wire). A scabbard is used to carry a bayonet-knife on a belt. If necessary, they are used together with a bayonet-knife for cutting wire.

live cartridge consists of a bullet, cartridge case, powder charge and primer. 5.45 mm cartridges (fig. 37) are produced with ordinary and tracer bullets. The head of the tracer bullet is painted green. To simulate shooting, blank (without a bullet) cartridges are used, which are fired using a special sleeve.

Rice. 37. Cartridge: a - cartridge with a bullet with a steel core; b - cartridge with a tracer bullet; c - blank cartridge; g - training cartridge

Tell us about the purpose and combat properties of the Kalashnikov assault rifle.
Name the main parts and mechanisms of the machine.
What is the purpose of the main parts and mechanisms of the machine?

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